EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 1

Evaluation of Green SeekerEvaluation of Green Seekerfor Nitrogen Fertilizationfor Nitrogen Fertilizationin Cotton – Preliminaryin Cotton – Preliminaryresults in Alabamaresults in Alabama

Shannon Norwood, Amy Winstead, Shannon Norwood, Amy Winstead, Charles Burmester, Paul Mask, Charles Burmester, Paul Mask, Dale Monks, John Fulton, Joey Dale Monks, John Fulton, Joey Shaw, Brenda OrtizShaw, Brenda Ortiz

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 2

CottonCotton

Experimental DesignExperimental Design

2007-2008-2009 North Alabama (Heavy soils) 4 Treatments

TTsPre-plant Sidedress

N (lbs/ac)N Rich 150 0No sidedress 50 0Standard 70 50High sidedress 50 100

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 3

Experimental DesignExperimental Design

Field strips Field strips (8 rows x length of the field) Ramped calibration strip in the N Rich – Rep 1 plotN Rich – Rep 1 plot

Data CollectionData Collection GS data – 4 times during the growing season

• At sidedress (June 25 – 2008, 32 DAP)• GS/ 2 weeks after sidedress (2008- Jul. 9 & 26, Aug. 6)

From three locations within each plot, samples for:• Plant tissue for N analysis• Plant Height• SPAD 502 Meter readings (10 plants at each location)

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 4

Data CollectionData Collection Harvest

• Two middle rows• Yield monitor• Subsample for lint turnout

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 5

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

T1 T2 T3 T4

Time

ND

VI

N RichNo SideStandardHigh Side

NDVI increase through time increase in the cotton biomass.

Results - 2008Results - 2008

TTsPre-

plantSidedress

N (lbs/ac)

N RichN Rich 150 0

No sidedressNo sidedress 50 0

StandardStandard 70 50

High sidedressHigh sidedress 50 100

25-Jun 09-Jul 25-Jul 06-Aug

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 6

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

ND

VI

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

52

SP

AD

SPADN RichNo SidedressStandardHigh Sidedress

25-Jun 09-Jul 25-Jul 06-Aug

TTsPre-

plantSidedress

N (lbs/ac)

N RichN Rich 150 0

No No sidedresssidedress

50 0

StandardStandard 70 50

High High sidedresssidedress 50 100

Results - 2008Results - 2008

At sidedressAt sidedress:

• No NDVI differencesNo NDVI differences btwn N Rich (150 lb N at planting) & No sidedress (50 lb N at planting)• Standard TT (70 lb N ) had < NDVI than No sidedress (50 lb N)• NDVI trend ~ SPAD trend• No sidedress and High sidedress TTs – Same N rate at planting, but different NDVIbut different NDVI• Later in the season, no much SPAD & NDVI relation….maybe Plant height…biomassmaybe Plant height…biomass?

At sidedressAt sidedress

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 7

0.5

0.55

0.6

0.65

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

ND

VI

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

NO

3-N

(pp

m)

TTsPre-

plantSidedress

N (lbs/ac)

N RichN Rich 150 0

No No sidedresssidedress

50 0

StandardStandard 70 50

High High sidedresssidedress 50 100

25-Jun 09-Jul 25-Jul 06-Aug

Results - 2008Results - 2008

At sidedressAt sidedress

NDVI and Petiole nitrate (ppm)

• At sidedress: At sidedress: • Low petiole Nitrate low NDVI (High siddress TT)

• After sidedress, no much relation btwn NDVI and petiole Nitratesidedress, no much relation btwn NDVI and petiole Nitrate

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 8

Results - 2008Results - 2008 NDVI vs. Lint YieldNDVI vs. Lint Yield

• Differences in yield respect to N rate and time Split application best !

• N at planting: both rates same NDVI• Split application, slightly higher NDVI-6wks

0.53

0.58

0.63

0.68

0.73

0.78

0.83

0.88

150 50 70 50

Nitrogen at Planting

Nitrogen at Sidedress

ND

VI

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

Yie

ld (

lbs

/ac

re)

NDVI at sidedress NDVI (2wks from sidedress)

NDVI (6 wks from sidedress) Lint Yield

0 0 50 100

T1 T2 T3 T4

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 9

Results - 2008Results - 2008 NDVI vs. Lint YieldNDVI vs. Lint Yield

• 130 lb/ac yield difference btw T1 & T3 Same NDVI 2wks after sidedress• T2 - Lowest yield Highest NDVI at 2wks from sidedress, but lowest NDVI 6 wks

from sidedress• T3 – Highest yield Similar NDVI than T1 throughout the season

0.53

0.58

0.63

0.68

0.73

0.78

0.83

0.88

150 50 70 50

Nitrogen at Planting

Nitrogen at Sidedress

ND

VI

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

Yie

ld (

lbs

/ac

re)

NDVI at sidedress NDVI (2wks from sidedress)

NDVI (6 wks from sidedress) Lint Yield

0 0 50 100

T1 T2 T3 T4

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 10

Results - 2009Results - 2009

NDVI increase through time increase in the cotton biomass. No much NDVI differences beyond 2wks after sidedress

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 12

NDVI at sidedress vs. Lint YieldNDVI at sidedress vs. Lint YieldResults - 2009Results - 2009

• A difference of 47 lb/ac btwn T1 and T2, however equal NDVI at sidedress

0.41

0.42

0.43

0.44

0.45

150 50 70 50Nitrogen at Planting

Nitrogen at Sidedress

ND

VI

780790800810820830840850860870880

Yie

ld (

lbs

/ac

re)

NDVI

Lint Yield

0 0 50 100

T1 T2 T3 T4T1 T2 T3 T4

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 13

ConclusionsConclusions

Yield responses to nitrogen application, especially split

application of N

NDVI increase up to 2 wks (sidedress), later no differences.At sidedress no NDVI differences btwn treatments.SPAD increases with split N application but no differences in

NDVI

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 14

Development of a Cotton Fertilizer Prescription for Variable Rate Application

in the Coastal Plain.

Kip BalkcomResearch AgronomistUSDA-ARS

Joey ShawSoil ScientistAgronomy and Soils

John FultonAgricultural EngineerBiosystems Engineering

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 15

Development of a Cotton Fertilizer Prescription for Variable Rate Application

in the Coastal Plain.• Quantify cotton response to different N rates across management zones for site-specific agriculture applications. • Relate N status of cotton to sensor based readings across the landscape to identify a relationship for variable N rate application.

• Identify cotton quality parameters across the landscape and relate to management systems.

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 16

Remote Sensing of Cotton in AL

Location: E.V. Smith Research Center , Alabama, USA.

*

Soils: Sandy Loam (Aquic and Typic Paleudults).

Size: 22 acresSize: 22 acres

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 17

Soil Survey Terrain Attributes

Electrical Conductivity

Soil surface Texture/SOC

20 x 9-m

Characterization of Soils/Landscapes

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 18

NTNTCTCT R1

Experimental DesignExperimental Design 6 Replications

8 Transects or strips/rep crossing landscape

Transects divided on Grids of 60 ft. x 24 ft.

Tillage split into 4 N rates. 0, 40, 80, 120 lb ac.

Wheat/Soybean

CottonCotton

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100 0 100 Meters

Border.shp

Mza_clusters.txt% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5

N

Cluster 1

Cluster 2

Cluster 3

Cluster 4

Cluster 5

EVALUATION OF GREENSEEKER FOR NITROGEN FETILIZATION IN COTTON

ALABAMA REPORT 19

Data CollectionData Collection•GreenSeeker data :

• 11stst sampling – Early squaring sampling – Early squaring

• 22ndnd sampling – Mid-bloom sampling – Mid-bloom

• Collected plant measurements from “smart” cells.

• 25 uppermost mature leaves – N content + SPAD readings.

• Plant heights – 10 random plants.

• 1-m of row for whole plant biomass + N content.

• Calculate the seed cotton yields for each cell.

• Hand harvest - 50 bolls from each “smart” cell for seed N content.