Submitted
to
Dept.of Biotechnology
by
Dr. M. Mani,
Principal Scientist,
IIHR, Bangalore
Evaluation of indigenous strain of fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana
against Helopeltis spp on guava, cashew and tea
2
PROFORMA FOR SUBMISSION OF PROJECT PROPOSALS ON RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT, PROGRAMME SUPPORT (To be filled by the applicant)
PART I: GENERAL INFORMATION
1 Name of the Institute/ University/ Organization submitting the Project Proposal
Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore
2 State Karnataka 3 Status of the Institute Institution of ICAR 4 Name and designation of the Executive
Authority of the Institute/University forwarding the application
Director , Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore.
5 Project Title Evaluation of indigenous strain of fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana against Helopeltis spp on guava, cashew and tea
6 Category of the Project R&D √ Demonstration Establishment of Infrastructural facility/ Centre of Excellence
7 Specific Area 1. AGRICULTURE & ALLIED AREAS 1.5 Biological Control of Plant Pests, Diseases and Weeds
8 Duration Three Years 9 Total Cost (Rs.) 29. 470 lakh
10 Is the project Single Institutional
Or Multiple-Institutional (S/M)
Multi- institutional
11 If the project is multi-
institutional, please furnish
the following
12 Name of the project Co- coordinator:
Affiliation
Address
Telephone/ Fax
Dr. M. Mani, Principal scientist,
Dvn.of Ento.&Nemat.,
IIHR, Hessarghatta lake post, B’lore -89
080-28466894/ 080-28466291
12. Scope of application indicating anticipated product and processes
1. An effective non chemical, eco-friendly technology for management of Helopeltis spp on guava, cashew and tea
2. This will be adopted by the farmers due to its effectiveness and economics 3. The technology has other benefits such as safe to the environment and pesticide free product
that is all the more important.
3
4. Formulation and commercialization of the entomopathogen will be made for availability to farmers
13. Project Summary
Helopeltis spp commonly known as tea mosquito bug is major pest of guava,
cashew and tea in India and many other countries of the world. Nymphs and adults suck the sap
from new flushes and fruits at setting stage resulting up to 100% loss. Presently the pest on all
these crops is controlled by using chemical pesticides. However taking into consideration the
consumption of these as beverage or desert fruit and the toxic effects of chemicals pesticides there is
a need to develop alternate management strategies for management of Helopeltis spp. Recently an
entomopathogen Beauverai bassiana was isolated from adults of H.antonii on guava and
preliminary studies indicated it to be a promising biological control agent. In this project we aim to
evaluate the isolated strain of B. bassiana against Helopeltis spp attacking tea, cashew and guava
and develop a biological control technology for management of the pest that could lead to safety to
producer, consumer and environment.
PART II: PARTICULARS OF INVESTIGATORS (One or more co-investigators are preferred in every project. Inclusion of co-investigator(s) is mandatory for investigator’s retiring before completion of the project) 12. Principal Investigator: Dr. Mnai.M.
Date of Birth: may,1949 Sex (M/F): M Indicate whether Principal Investigato r/Co-Investigator: Principal Investigator
Designation: principal scientist, ,Dept.of Ento., & Nemt., Institute/University: Indian Institute. of Horticultural Research (ICAR)
Address: Hessarghatta lake post, Bangalore 560 089 Telephone: 080-28466420-423 ,Fax: 080-28466291 , E-mail: [email protected] 13. Name of the Co PI: Dr. P.N. Ganga Visalakshy
Date of Birth: 7.11.1956 Sex (M/F): F Indicate whether Principal Investigato r/Co-Investigator: Principal Investigator
Designation: Senior Scientist ,Department: Division of Entomology and Nematology Institute/University: Indian Institute. of Horticultural Research (ICAR)
Address: Hessarghatta lake post, Bangalore 560 089 Telephone: 080-28466420-423 ,Fax: 080-28466291 , E-mail: [email protected]
No. of Projects being handled at present: four 14 Name of the Co-PI: Dr. Azariah Babu,
Date of Birth: 27-06-1964 Sex (M/F): M
4
Indicate whether Principal Investigator/Co-Investigator: Co- Investigator Designation: Senior Entomologist & Head, Division of Entomology,
Department: Division of Entomology. Institute/University: Tocklai Tea Research Association, Assam
Telephone: 04253-235301 Extn: 322, Fax: 04253-235302 , E-mail: [email protected] No. of Projects being handled at present: Three
14. Name of the Co-PI: Dr.P.Shivarama Bhat
Date of Birth: 04.06.1959 Sex (M/F): M
Indicate whether Principal Investigator/Co-Investigator: Co- Investigator
Designation: Principal Scientist (Agricultural Entomology)
Institute/University: Directorate of Cashew Research (ICAR), P.O Darbe,Puttur 02,Karnata
Telephone:8251230902, 9900103823(M), Fax: 08251-234350, E-mail: [email protected]
No. of Projects being handled at present: -4
PART III: TECHNICAL DETAILS OF PROJECT
(Under the following heads on separate sheets)
16. Introduction (not to exceed 2 pages or 1000 words)
16.1 Origin of the proposal
Indiscriminate use of pesticides to control insect pests in different crop ecosystems has
brought about innumerable problems related to user, consumer and environment.
For Helopeltis antonii on guava
Guava mosquito bug is gaining importance as one of the serious pest in the recent years
causing about 70% marketable loss. Taking into consideration its status as an important desert fruit
of the country and need for alternate methods of control of the pest this project is formulated to
develop a biological control strategy for H. antonii on guava.
For H. antonii on cashew
Tea mosquito bug (TMB) Helopeltis antonii Sig. is one of the major pests of cashew
damaging tender shoots, inflorescence, immature nuts and apples at various stages of development.
The lesions caused by feeding coalesce and finally the affected shoot dries up. In certain endemic
areas, the entire flush dries up and the tree presents a scorched appearance. The immature nuts
infested by this pest develop characteristic eruptive spots and finally shrivel and fall off. Till now
No biological control attempts were made, due to absence of isolation of promising agents
from the pest. Taking into consideration isolation of a promising strain of Beauveria bassiana from
adult of H.antonii by IIHR, Bangalore attempts to evaluate and develop a biological control
5
strategy will be carried out which is very important for a export crop like cashew that is of export
value also.
For H. theivora on tea
Intensive feeding by the insect causes curling of leaves, badly deform, remain small and
shoot dry up and crop loss is near total. Currently this pest is managed by the application of a wide
range of conventional pesticides (Quinalphos, Thiamethoxam etc) and cultural practices (eg. weed
management, removal of alternate host plants from the vicinity, shade regulation, black plucking,
skiffing etc). Being a largely consumed beverage, the tea industry has to be extremely cautious of
pesticide residues in made tea, which has national and international regulations on maximum
residual levels (MRLs). The expanding demand for safer tea has led to the search for more effective
and alternative procedures to control these pests based on sound biological principles. Evaluation
and utilization of entomopathogenic microbes in management of this pest would be helpful in the
sustainable control of tea mosquito bug.
.16.2(a) Rationale of the study supported by cited literature
Helopeltis spp Signoret is an economically important pest of tea, cashew and guava (Geeta
and Krishna Naik, .2004). The pest is presently controlled by chemical pesticides. However taking
into account their nature of consumption as desert fruit, beverage and the demand for chemical
free produce there is an urgent need to manage the pest in these crops by other non- chemical
methods that are safe to consumer. In crops such as guava, natural enemies are reported to suppress
other major pests such as aphids, spiraling white flied, scales, mealy bugs etc (Mani and
Krishnamoorty, 2001.). Chemical spray could also have deleterious effect on these natural enemies
and pollinators that are important for fruit set. Similarly in tea and cashew which have export value
developing a biological control strategy is very much invited and in demand. Till now no promising
pathogens are isolated from Helopeltis spp infecting guava, cashew or tea. Recently in 2010, an
entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana was recorded infecting adult of H. antonii on guava (Ganga
Visalakshy and Mani, 2011). Preliminary studies indicated the pathogen to be promising one for
Helopeltis spp. With this background research work, the present project is submitted so that a
biological control is developed for the pest.
b). Hypothesis
To develop an effective Biological control management for Heltopeltis spp on guava, tea
and cashew.
c). Key questions
1. Is it possible to management the pest by non chemical methods?
6
Yes. It is possible to manage the pest by non- chemical methods.
2. What are the advantages of this product as to chemical pesticides?
This technology will be economical, effective and safe to user and consumer, profitable to
farmers, especially these crops are consumed as table fruit, beverage and are of export value
16.5 Current status of research and development in the subject (both international and
national status)
International status : Not much work on management biological control aspects of Helopeltis spp
on tea and c guava. Effective chemicals were identified and recommended.A number of natural
enemies reported on Helopeltis sp on cashew from West Africa and few from Asian countries. The
recorded natural enemies of Helopeltis are listed by Simmonds (1970) from both Africa and Asia.
Rickson and Rickson (1998) observed that there are a number of ants which regularly visit cashew and
indicated the possibility of ant defence in controlling Helopeltis. They have surveyed the plantations
in Sri Lanka, India and Malaysia and indicated the possibility that Oceophylla could be a promising
ant species. However, work on biological control of tea mosquito by utilizing fugal pathogens is not
available in any part of the world.
National status :H.antonii on guava
Extent of crop loss by H. antonii on guava was studied. The percent damage is reported to a maximum
to reach above 60 percent under severe conditions (Geeta, 2004). Biological control agents such as
parasitoids (egg parasitoids) predators (spiders, coccinelids, Crysopha were reported to be feeding on
the nymphs and adult stages of the pest (IIHR annual report, 2010) however detailed studies on the
potential of these natural enemies in the suppression of the pest are totally lacking.
References
Ganga Visalakshy. P.N. and Mani.M.2011Beauvaria bassiana: a promising entomopathogen of Guava mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret (communicated to J. Biol.Control)
Geeta R. Patil and Krishna Naik.2002. Seasonal incidence and management of Helopeltis antonii Signoret on guava. M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. of Agri. Sciences, Dharwad, 108p.
Geeta Patil, Krishna Naik.2004. Studies on the Seasonal Incidence of Tea Mosquito Bug on Guava Cultivars*Karnataka J. Agri. Sci., 17 (2) :( 339-340) 2004
Mani, M. and Ganga Visalakshy.P.N. Field efficacy of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana against guava mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret. Communicated to Journal of Bio. Control.
Mani and Krishnamoorthy, A.2001. Biological control of fruit crops. In Integrated Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems (Eds. P. Parvatha Reddy, Abraham Verghese and N. K. Krishna Kumar), Capital Publishing Company, New Delhipp93-107
Pasupathy, S.2001. Management of tea mosquito bug Helopeltis anotnii Sign. with varieties and botanicals in guava. Proc. Of the second national symposium on integrated pest manage. In Hort. Crops: New molecules, Biopesticides and Environment Eds. Abraham verghese and P. P.Reddy. pp 39-40
7
Rajagopal, D. Kadiregowda and hanumanthaswamy, B.C.1995. Efficacy of limonool (Azadiractin0.03%) against guava scab bug, Helopeltis antonii (Hemiptetra: Miidae) .Pestology, 24:5-7
Ragumoorthi, K.N. and arumugam, R.1996. Control of guava tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antoniis Sign. (Miridae: Hemiptera) with insecticides and botanicals, Ind. J. of Plantation crops, 24:1-5
Sunil Kumar, 2000, Studies on seasonal incidence and loss estimation in guava due to tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis antonii Signoret (Hemiptera: Miridae).M.Sc. (Agri.) thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, p.51.
H.theivora on tea : No work has been done on the microbial control of tea mosquito Helopeltis
theivora in India except some basic studies by the PI and his group
H. antonii on Cashew
International status:There are a number of natural enemies which are reported on Helopeltis from
West Africa and few from Asian countries. The recorded natural enemies of Helopeltis are listed by
Simmonds (1970) from both Africa and Asia. Rickson and Rickson (1998) observed that there are
a number of ants which regularly visit cashew and indicated the possibility of ant defence in
controlling Helopeltis. They have surveyed the plantations in Sri Lanka, India and Malaysia and
indicated the possibility that Oceophylla could be a promising ant species. However, work on
biological control of tea mosquito by utilizing fugal pathogens is not available in any part of the
world.
National status
Erythmelus helopeltidis Gahan. (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) Telenomus sp. (Laricis group)
(Scelionidae) Chaetostricha sp. (Trichogrammatidae) and Gonatocerus sp. nr. bialbifuniculatus
Subba Rao are the egg parasitoids reported on this pest from West Coast regions while, . Ufens sp is
the egg parasitoid reported east coast (Vridhachalam). The build of this pest is naturally regulated
through these egg parasitoids (Devashayam, 1989, Sundararaju,1993, Sundararaju,1996). However,
their activities are naturally promoted under favourable weather condition (increased minimum
temperature and relative humidity) during vulnerable period (November-February). Crematogaster
wroughtonii Forel (Formicidae) has been recorded as a predator on nymphs of the pest. Several
species of spiders, Hyllus sp., Oxyopes sehireta, Phidippus patch and Matidia sp. five species of
reduviid bugs (Sycanus collaris (Fab), Sphedanolestes signatus Dist. and Endochus inornatus Stal.,
Irantha armipes Stal. and Occamus typicus Dist. have also been recorded as predators of the tea
mosquito bug. Aspergillus flavus and A.tamarii were confirmed to be pathogenic to H.antoni
(Ambika and Abraham, 1979, Devashayam and Nair, 1986 and Sundararaju, 1984). However, the
work on the utilization of fungal pathogens for the management of tea mosquito bug is limited in
cashew.
8
References:
Ambika, B. and Abraham, C.C. 1979. Bioecology of Helopletis antonii Sign. (Miridae : Hemiptera ) infesting cashew trees . Entomon 4: 335-342.
Devashayam, S. 1989. Erythmelus helopeltidis Gahan (Hymenoptera: mymaridae) a new parasite of Helopeltis antonii Sign. on cashew . J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 86: 113. Devashayam, S.and Nair, C.P.R.1986. The mosquito bug, Helopeltis antonii Sign. On cashew in India. J.Plant.Crops 14:1-10. Karthikeyan,K. 1992.Pests of neem Azadirachta indicia. Juss and their management. M.Sc (Ag) Thesis, ACand RI, TNAU,Killukulam,pp96. Satapathy,C.R. 1993.Bioecology of major insect pests of cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn.) and evaluation of certain pest management practices. Ph.D. Thesis, UAS, Banalore, pp.224.
Sathiamma,B.and Saraswathy,N. 1990. Indian J.Ent.52:516. Simmonda, F.J. 1970. A memorandum on the possibilities of biological control of coca-infesting mirids.Commonw.Inst. Biol control Report pp.9. Sundararaju, D.1993a. Studies on the parasitoids of the mosquito bug, Helopeltis antonii Sign. (Hymenoptera:Mymaridae) on cashew with special reference to Telenomous sp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). J. Biol. Control 7:68. Sundararaju, D.1996. Studies on Helopletis spp. with reference to Helopeltis antonii Sign.in Tamil Nadu. Ph.D. thesis. T.N. A.U., Coimbatore, India. Sundararaju, D.1984 . Studies on cashew pests and their natural enemies in Goa . J. Plant.Crops 12: 38-46. 16.6 The relevance and expected outcome of the proposed study
Helopeltis spp is considered as a serious pest of tea, cashew and guava which accounts for a
maximum loss to more than 80%. Currently infestation by TMB is controlled by the application of a
wide range of conventional pesticides and by adopting certain cultural practices. However,
continuous use of these synthetic insecticides would lead to resurgence, resistance and pesticide
residue in these crops that are either consumed as beverage or desert fruit and are of export value. It
has become imperative to look for alternative eco-friendly methods to manage this pest in the above
crops. An entomopathogen Beauverai bassiana isolated from the pest by IIHR was reported to be
promising. Under this project, studies would be carried out to evaluate this pathogen and develop a
biological control strategy for management of the pest on guava, cashew and tea that is in demand
by the farmers and consumers.
16.7 Preliminary work done so far in the institute (s)
i. Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore
The sponsoring institute initiated a research project about a couple of years back taking into
consideration the seriousness of the pest. Under this project natural enemies were identified and
isolated an egg parasitoid (sent for identification, predators like chyrsopa, spiders were recorded.
However these were not observed to contain the pest. An entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana was
also isolated from adult of H. antonii.. Field evaluation of various chemical pesticides, botanicals and
9
biological control agents were carried out. Based on two years field evaluation, the entomo-pathogen
B.bassiana was observed to cause significant reduction of the pest damage on fruits..
Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur.
Chemical pesticides are screend for management of the pests. The occurrence of mycosed tea
mosquito bug is of rare occurrence under field condition and attempt has not been made to utilize the
fugal pathogens for the management of this pest. The studies conducted so far, have helped in
understanding the host range, seasonal abundance, natural enemy complex, conservation of natural
enemies, host enrichment techniques, efficacy of plant products , suitable insecticides etc., for
Helopeltis antonii.
ii. Tea Research Association(TRA). Tocklai Experimental Station
Tea mosquito bug found to cause severe crop loss to tea plantations in the North East India
especially in Assam the Dooars and Darjeeling. In the last few years, attempts were made to evolve
alternate strategies for efficient management of important tea pests. Several biocontrol methods have
been adopted for the management of this important pest. However, no detailed work on the
entomopathogens has been attempted so far. A detailed study field performance of the microbial
pesticide for tea mosquito could be useful in reducing the quantity of pesticides being used for the
management of this important pest.
17. Specific objectives (should be written in bulleted form, a short paragraph indicating the
Methods to be followed for achieving the objective and verifiable indicators of progress
Should follow each specific objective)
Methods to be followed for achieving the objective:
Indicators of progress
Steps Item of progress ( work element)
1 Developing mass production technology for guava mosquito bug ( IIHR,TRA, DRC)
2 Screening of various isolates of B. bassina of Helopeltis spp ( IIHR, TRA Assam and DRC
cashew isolates) and identification of the most virulent strains ( IIHR, TRA Assam and
DRC cashew)
3 Studies on the off season survival of the Helopeltis spp ( IIHR)
4 Seasonal abundance of the pest, its natural enemies ( IIHR)
5 Laboratory bioassay and determination LC 50 for different stages of the insect under
laboratory conditions ( IIHR, NRC for Cashew and TRA Assam)
10
6 Identification of compatible adjuvant with B. bassiana to increase its persistence and
effectiveness. ( IIHR)
7 Fled studies on the persistence of the entomopathogen in relation to identified and
selected adjuvant, RH and Temperature ( IIHR, TRA Assam and DRC cashew)
8 Evaluation of B.bassiana under controlled and field conditions against H. antonii on
guava and cashew and H. theivora on tea ( IIHR and TRA, Assam) in cashew
nursery, scion bank and cashew plantations
9 Demonstration and dissemination of the biological control of Helopeltis spp on tea
cashew and guava. ( IIHR, NRC for Cashew, and TRA Assam)
18. Work Plan: should not exceed 3-4 pages (the section can be divided according to the
Specific aims and under each specific aim, the following should be stated clearly
as sub headings)
18.1 Work plan (methodology/experimental design to accomplish the stated aim)
1. Developing mass production technology for guava mosquito bug (IIHR)
A mass production of the pest on guava/tea /cashew or any other suitable alternate host plant will
be developed, whereby required stage of the pest is available round the year. This is very much
essential for bioassay studies under laboratory conditions to determine LC 50.
2. Screening of various isolates of B. bassaina of Helopeltis spp ( IIHR, TRA Assam and DRC
cashew isolates) and identification of the most virulent isolate ( IIHR, TRA Assam and DRC
Cashew)
Isolates collected from Helopeltis spp by different centers will be collected , screened against H.
antonii in all the centers and the most virulent isolate will be selected for further studies to develop a
bioocontrol technology
3. Studies on the off season survival of the pest ( IIHR)
The pest is seasonal and occurs during flushing and flowering. Studies will be made on the
role of weedy plants as alternate host during off season so that a suitable management strategy
with integration of physical or cultural methods with biological could be developed.
4. Seasonal abundance and its natural enemies ( IIHR)
Periodical observation on the incidence of the pest on guava will be made to determine the
period of infestation to prime the timing of spray schedule. Observations on the incidence of other
natural enemies will also be carried out that could help in understanding their role in suppression
of the pest naturally.
11
This study will be carried out on guava only as in cashew and tea seasonal abundance
information on pest is already made.
5.Laboratory bioassay studies on B.bassiana against Helopeltis spp . (IIHR, DRC Cashew and
TRA, Assam)
Laboratory bioassay of the entomoapthogen against the pest will be made under different
concentrations/spore load. This is very important to determine LC 50 to carry out further evaluation
studies under potted plant and field evaluation to fix the dosage etc and carry put further evaluation
studies under potted plant and field conditions.
The number of days taken for disease development and mycosis will be recorded.
6. Identification of compatible adjuvant with B. bassiana to increase its persistence and
effectiveness. (IIHR)
Adjuvants such as oils, adhesives, UV protectants are reported to increase the persistence and
effectiveness of fungal pathogens against insect pests. In this experiment the compatibility of
entomopathogen with different easily available to farmers will be screened. Observations on
germination (in vitro method), mycelia growth and sporulation will be carried out and the most
compatible adjuvant will be selected for further studies under field conditions on persistance of the
entomopathgen
7. Fled studies on the persistence of the entomopathogen in relation to adjuvant and RH
and Temperature to fine tune spray frequency ( IIHR, TRA Assam and DRC cashew)
Based on the compatibility studies of adjuvant in the laboratory by in0 vitro method the
experiment will be carried out in the field in and the persistence of the entomopathogen in relation to
adjuvant will be studied to decide on the spray frequency.
8. a. Evaluation of B.bassiana under controlled and field conditions against H. antonii on
guava and and cashew and H. theivora on tea (IIHR and TRA, Assam)
Based on the laboratory studies the effective spore load of the entomopathogen will be
evaluated under potted plant and field conditions. In this experiment standardization on the spray
frequency, effective spore load, timing of spray and number of sprays will be made. Under this
experiments, standardization on the spray schedule such as frequency, timing and effect of
additives will also be made so that
b. Evaluation of entomopathogen B.bassiana in cashew nursery, scion bank and cashew
plantations
Location: Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur.
Regional Research Station, Vridhachalam, Tamil Nadu (Evaluation in cashew plantations)
12
The spore suspension of the entomopathogen B.bassiana at different concentration will be applied
to cashew nursery, scion bank and cashew plantations and the damage score will be recorded in 0-4
scale as indicated below:
0 No damage
1 1 to 3 necrotic streaks/lesions on the shoot / panicle including apple and nut
2 4 to 6 coalescing or non coalescing lesions / streaks on the shoot / panicle including apple
and nut
3 Above six coalescing or non-coalescing lesions / streaks on the shoot / panicle including
apple and nut
4 Lesions / streaks confluent or wilting or drying of affected shoot / panicle including apple
and nut
Mean score value = Total score .
Total Number of lateral shoots + panicles
Observations are to be recorded on one or two days before first spraying and 30 days after each
spray.
9. Demonstration and dissemination of the biological control of Helopeltis spp against tea
mosquito bug on tea, cashew and guava. (IIHR, NRC for Cashew, and TRA Assam)
The biological control technology of Helopeltis spp will be demonstrated and disseminated in wide
scale for awareness to farmers and adoption.
18.4 Suggested plan of action for utilizatio1n of research outcome expected from the project.
a. Large scale demonstration and dissemination of the technology to farmers will be carried
b. Developing formulation of bio- pesticides and commercialization.
19. Timelines: (Please provide quantifiable outputs)
S. No Activities Period (
years )
1 2 3
1 Developing mass production technology for guava
mosquito bug ( IIHR)
*
2 Screening of various isolates of B. bassiana of Helopeltis
spp and identification of the most virulent strains (IIHR,
TRA Assam and DRC cashew)
*
3 Studies on the off season survival of the pest ( IIHR) * *
13
4 Seasonal abundance of the pest, its natural enemies ( IIHR) *
5 Laboratory bioassay and determination LC 50 for
different stages of the insect under laboratory conditions
( IIHR, NRC for Cashew and TRA Assam)
*
6 Identification of compatible adjuvant with B. bassiana to
increase its persistence and effectiveness.
*
7 Field studies on the persistence of the entomo - pathogen
in rela tion to adjuvant and RH and Temperature to fine
tune spray frequency ( IIHR, TRA Assam and DRC
cashew)
* * *
8 Evaluation of B.bassiana under controlled and field
conditions against H. antonii on guava and cashew and H.
theivora on tea ( IIHR and TRA, Assam) in cashew
nursery, scion bank and cashew plantations
* *
9 Demonstration and dissemination of the biological control
of Helopeltis spp on tea cashew and guava. ( IIHR, NRC
for Cashew, and TRA Assam)
*
20. Name and address of five experts in the field (you can include some names who will be
positive in their attitude so that the project will be through
S. No Name Designation Address
1 Dr.V.V.Ramamurthy Principal Scientist Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA
Campus, New Delhi-110012.
2 Dr.(Fr).S.Ignacimuthu,s.j. Director Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College,
Chennai -600 034.
3 Dr.R.W.Alexander
Jesudasan
Principal &
Secretary.
Madras Christian College, Tambaram, Chennai-
600 059
4 Dr. R.P.Shukla Head, Crop
protection
Central institute for sub tropical horticulture,
Rehamankhera, Kakori,
14
5 Dr. M.V Desphande Microbiologist NCl, pune
PART IV: BUDGET PARTICULARS Budget (In Rupees)
A. Non-Recurring (e.g. equipments, accessories, etc.) in lakhs IIHR
S. No. Item Year 1 ( in lakhs)
Year II ( in lakhs)
Year III ( in lakhs)
Total ( in lakhs)
1 Myco-harvestor 6.0 0 0 6.0
2 Colony counter 1.0 0 0 1.0
Total 7.0 0 0 7.0
TRA ( Tocklai Experimental Station)
S. No. Item Year 1
( in lakhs)
Year II
( in lakhs)
Year III
( in lakhs)
Total
( in lakhs)
1 Lamina flow 1.0 0 0 1.0
TOTAL 1.0 0 0 1.0
TOTAL = 8.0 lakhs B. Recurring
B.1 Manpower (See guidelines at Annexure-III) IIHR
S. No. Item Salary details Year 1 ( in lakhs)
Year II ( in lakhs)
Year III
( in lakhs)
Total ( in lakhs)
1 JRF -1 Post graduate with any basic science/ allied subjects with experience in biological control and formulations
Rs. 12000 +
30% HRA
1.872 1.872 2.184 5.928
Total 1.872 1.872 2.184 5.928
15
TRA (Tocklai Experimental Station)
S. No. Item Salary Years ( in lakhs) Total (lakhs) 1 II III
1 Tech assistance 6000pm 0.72 0.72 0.72 2.16
Total 0.72 0.72 0.72 2.16
Justification: for carrying out evaluation of entomopathogen against Helopeltis spp on tea
B.2 Consumables IIHR
S. No. Item Years ( in lakhs)
I II III Total( lakhs)
1 Chemicals, lab wares and consumables etc
0.5 1.0 1.0 2.5
Total 0.5 1.0 1.0 2.5
Other items
Other items Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total
B.3 Travel
IIHR 0.5 1.0 0.5 2.0
Total 0.5 1.0 0.5 2.0
B.4. Contingency
IIHR 0.5 1.0 0.5 2.0
TRA, Tocklai Experimental Station ( inclusive of consumables, labour, travel etc)
0.5 1.0 0.5 2.0
DRC Cashew (inclusive of consumables, labour, travel etc)
0.5 1.0 0.5 2.0
Total 1.5 3.0 1.5 6.0
B.5 Overhead (If applicable) ( 10 % RC)
IIHR 0.33 0.48 0.41 1.22
TRA, Tocklai Experimental Station, Assam 0.22 0.17 0.122 0.46
NRC cashew 0.05 0.1 0.05 0.2
Sub-total of B (B.1+B.2+B.3+B.4+B.5+B.6)
IIHR 3.702 5.352 4.954 13.64 8
TRA, Tocklai Experimental Station, Assam 2.44 1.34 1.34 5.62
16
NRC cashew 0.55. 1.1 0.55 2.2
Grand Total (A + B)
IIHR 10.7.2 5.352 4.954 20.648
TRA, Tocklai Experimental Station 3.44 1.34 1.34 6.62
NRC Cashew grapes 0.55 1.1 0.55 2.2
Grand total(All centers ) 13.8 8.65 6.62 29.470
PART V: EXISTING FACILITIES Resources and additional information
1. Laboratory: a. Manpower IIHR.
Both the PI and Co PI are specialized in Biological Control of Horticultural Crop Pests. Various technologies for management of insect pests on fruits (guava, grapes, mango, citrus, Vegetables (tomato, cabbage, cauliflower, brinjal etc.) were developed and disseminated to farmers.
Technology developed for guava mosquito bug Isolated Beuaveria bassiana from adult bug. This pathogen was found to be effective under field conditions and process to develop it as a wet table powder is going on. TRA, Tocklai Experimental Station Dr. A. Babu is the Head & Senior Entomologist working on IPM pests of tea Management of the pest by chemicals and cultural methods are developed by the institute NRC cashew Dr.Bhat, entomologist at the institute is working on management of the pest. An IPM technology with chemicals and cultural, physical is developed by the institute. 2. Equipments IIHR
3. Other resources such as clinical material, animal house facility, glass house,
experimental garden, pilot plant facility etc. In all the three institutes the laboratory is equipped with a glass house also a field for carrying out the experiment.
S.no Items 1 Laminar flow system 2 Automatic autoclave 3 Shaker 4 Stereo microscope 5 Deep freezer 6 Phase microscope
17
Infrastructural Facilities:
Sr. No. Infrastructural Facility Yes/No/ Not required Full or sharing basis
1. Workshop Facility Yes
2. Water & Electricity Yes
3. Laboratory Space/ Furniture Yes 4. Power Generator No
5. AC Room or AC No 6. Telecommunication including e-mail & fax Yes
7. Transportation Yes (for nearby places from office )
8. Administrative/ Secretarial support Yes 9. Information facilities like Internet/ Library Yes
10. Computational facilities Yes PART VI: DECLARATION/CERTIFICATION
It is certified that a) The research work proposed in the scheme/project does not in any way duplicate the work
already done or being carried out elsewhere on the subject. b) The same project has not been submitted to any other agency/agencies for financial support.
c) the emoluments for the manpower proposed are those admissible to persons of corresponding status employed in the institute/university or as per the Ministry of Science & Technology guidelines (Annexure-III)
d) Necessary provision for the scheme/project will be made in the Institute/University/State budget in anticipation of the sanction of the scheme/project.
e) If the project involves the utilization of genetically engineered organism, it is agreed that we will ensure that an application will be submitted through our Institutional Biosafety Committee and we will declare that while conducting experiments, the Biosafety Guidelines of the Department of Biotechnology would be followed in toto.
f) If the project involves field trials/experiments/exchange of specimens, etc. we will ensure that ethical clearances would be taken from concerned ethical Committees/Competent authorities and the same would be conveyed to the Department of Biotechnology before implementing the project.
g) It is agreed that any research outcome or intellectual property right(s) on the invention(s) arising out of the project shall be taken in accordance with the instructions issued with the approval of the Ministry of Finance, Department of Expenditure, as contained in Annexure-V.
h) We agree to accept the terms and conditions as enclosed in Annexure-IV. The same is signed and enclosed.
18
i) The institute/university agrees that the equipment, other basic facilities and such other administrative facilities as per terms and conditions of the grant will be extended to investigator(s) throughout the duration of the project.
j) The Institute assumes to undertake the financial and other management responsibilities of the project
1 (Director, IIHR) 2 Director. DRC cashew 3. Director, TRA Assam.
Signature of Project Coordinator Signature of Executive Authority (applicable only for multi-institutional projects) of Institute/University with seal Date: Date: Signature of Principal Investigator: Date: (M. Mani.
Principal Scientist, IIHR, Bangalore Signature of Co-PI Date: Dr.Ganga VIsalakshy.P.N. Senior Scientist, IIHR, Bangalore Signature of Co-Investigator Date: Dr. A.Babu, Tocklai Experimental Station, Assam. Signature of Co-Investigator Date:
Dr. S.Bhat, DRC, Puttur.
19
PART VII: PROFORMA FOR BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF INVESTIGATORS Provide the following information for the key personnel in the order listed on
PART II. Follow this format for each person. DO NOT EXCEED THREE PAGES
1. Name: Dr M. MANI. …..Designation: …Principal scientist 2. Department/Institute/University: Ind. Inst. of Hort. Res (IIHR),Bangalore 3. Date of Birth: 10-6-1949. Sex (M/F): ……M. SC/ST: 4. Education (Post-Graduation onwards & Professional Career)
Sl No. Institution/Place
Degree Awarded
Year Field of Study
1 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
M. Sc. 1974 Agricultural Entomology
2 University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore Ph.D. 1987 Agricultural Entomology
Position and Employment (Starting with the most recent employment)
Employer Designation Period
From To Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
Emeritus scientist ,I I.HR., B’lore. 1.6.2010
Contd.
ICAR Principal Scientist (Agrl. Ento.) and Head, Dvn.of Ento.&Nemt., I. I. H. R., Bangalore.
3.2.09
May 2010
ICAR Principal scientist (Agri. Ento.) I I H R., Bangalore.
1.1.86 1.1.96
31.12.95 Continuing
ICAR Scientist S-2 (Agri. Ento),I.I H. R., Bangalore.
1.7.83 31.12.85
ICAR Scientist S-1 (Agri. Ento.), I I.H. R., Bangalore.
9.9.77 30.6.83
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
Research Assistant (Ento),TNAU. 1.06.74 30.9.77
Honors/Awards/ Recognitions Best co-ordinating centre for IIHR by PDBC in 1998.
Kavuri Memorial Award: Best Research Paper on Pomegranate Ash whitefly
Dr.S.Sithanantham Award Best research worker for 2002-04.
Best paper award Dr.V.G.Prasad Award on guava spiralling white fly by PMHE.
Special Invitation by Governor of Karnataka Mr. Bhanu Pratap Singh for advice on biocontrol of mealybugs and scale insects on guava at Lucknow.
Invited delegate in formulation of technical programmes of National symposia/seminars on Biological control and Bio-pesticides.
Invited speaker for presentation of lead papers on Biological control of fruit crop pests national seminars, conferences
Acted as a referee for the reputed entomology journals of national and international stature
20
Professional Experience 23 years of research experience on the biological control of fruit and vegetable crop pests and.3 years of research experience on the pest management of sorghum and rice
The significant contributions made to the field of Biological control are: Biocontrol of mealybugs with Cryptolaemus montrouzieri
Biocontrol of spiralling whitefly Aleurodicus dispersus Management of thrips on grapes with cultural, chemicals and biological methods
A. Publications (Numbers only)……. 235
Research Papers – 159
B.Selected peer-reviewed publications (Ten best publications in chronological order) 1. Mani, M. and Krishnamoorthy, A.2007 Recent trends in the biological suppression of
Guava pests in India. Acta Hort., 735, pp 469-481. 2. Mani, M., Krishnamoorthy, A. and Dinesh, M.S. 2001. Biological control studies on the spiralling
whitefly Aleurodicus dispersus Russel (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae Entomon 26:62-6 3. Mani, M. and Krishnamoorthy, A. 2000.Population dynamics of spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus
dispersus Russell (Aleyrodidae, Homoptera) and its natural enemies on guava in India. Entomon 25(1): 29-34
4. Mani, M. and Krishnamoorthy, A. Field efficacy of Australian ladybird beetle Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Muls. in the suppression of striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Ckll.) on tuberose. J.Biol.Control 21:129-131
5. Mani, M, Gangavisalkshi, P.N., Krishnamoorthy, A. and Venugopalan R.2008 Role of Coccophagus sp in the suppression of Soft green scale Coccus viridis (Green) (Coccidae; Homoptera). Biocontrol Sci. Tech., 1-5.
6. Mani, M., Krishnamoorthy, A. and Pattar, G.L.2007 Suppression of pink mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus on ber, Zizhyphus mauritiana. Indian J. Agric. Sci 77:135
7. Mani, M., Krishnamoorthy, A. and Venugopalan, R.2004. Role of the aphelinid parasitoid Encarsia guadeloupae Viggiani in suppression of exotic spiralling whitefly Aleurodicus dispersus Russell on banana in India. Biocontrol Sci. Tech. 14:619-622.
88.. Mani, M. 2002 Recent trends in biological control of fruit crop Pests in India. In Strategies in Integrated Pest Management (Eds. Ignacimuthu and Alok Sen). Phoenix Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, pp.41-57
9. M. Mani. Biological control of fruit crops.2001 In Integrated Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems (Eds. P. Parvatha Reddy, Abraham Verghese and N. K. Krishna Kumar), Capital Publishing Company, New Delhipp93-107
10. Mani, M. and Krishnamoorthy, A1998 Studies on the natural enemies of the mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Diaspididae, Homoptera). Paper presented in the National Symposium on Mango Production and Export, June 25-27, Lucknow
Five publications related to the subject 1. Mani, M. and Ganga Visalakshy.P.N. Field efficacy of the entomopathogen Beauveria
bassiana against guava mosquito bug (communicated to Journal of Bio. Control.).
2. Mani, M. and Krishnamoorthy, A.2007 Recent trends in the biological suppression of Guava pests in India. Acta Hort., 735, pp 469-481.
3. Mani, M. and Krishnamoorthy, A. 2000.Population dynamics of spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Aleyrodidae, Homoptera) and its natural enemies on guava in India. Entomon 25(1): 29-34
21
4. Mani, M., Krishnamoorthy, A. and Dinesh, M.S. 2001. Biological control studies on the spiralling whitefly Aleurodicus dispersus Russel (Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae). Entomon 26:62-69
5. Mani, M. and Krishnamoorthy, A1998 Studies on the natural enemies of the mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Diaspididae: Homoptera). Paper presented in the National Symposium on Mango Production and Export, June 25-27, Lucknow
Details of Research Projects of PI (project leader /Associate)
Sl No. Title of Project Funding Agency Amount Date of sanction and Duration
1 Biological control of fruit crop pests
ICAR * 1987-2001
2 Ensuing food safety of Horticultural produce
ICAR * 2001-2008
3 All India Co-ordinated research project on biological control of crop pests and weeds
ICAR * 1987-contd.
4 Biointensive management of major pests of horticultural crops
ICAR * 2009-2012
* NA. Completed Research Projects (State only major projects of last 3 years)
PI or Co-PI/ Associated Scientist
Title of Project(s) Year Amount Funding agency
PI Monitoring of Fruitfly surveillance in Mango in Western Districts of Maharashtra namely the Sindhurg and Ratnagiri
2006-08
6.0 lakhs APEDA
Place: Signature of Principal Investigator Date:
22
PART VII: PROFORMA FOR BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF INVESTIGATORS Provide the following information for the key personnel in the order listed on PART II.
Follow this format for each person. DO NOT EXCEED THREE PAGES Name: Dr. P. N. Ganga Visalakshy …..Designation: ………….Senior scientist
Department/Institute/University: Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore Date of Birth: …..7-11-1956.. Sex (M/F): …….F. SC/ST: …… General. Education (Post-Graduation onwards & Professional Career)
Sl No. Institution/Place
Degree Awarded
Year Field of Study
Education 1 Govt. Victoria college,
Palghat, Kerala. M. Sc 1980 Zoology with Ento. as
special subject 2 Bangalore Univ., Bangalore Ph.D. 2001 Zoology
Position and Employment (Starting with the most recent employment) S.no
Institution Position From (Date)
To (Date)
1 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore
Senior scientist 2001 contd.
2 IIHR, Bangalore Scientist ( sel. grade) 1998 2001 3 IIHR, Bangalore Scientist SS 1987 1998 4 Commonwealth Inst. Of Biol.
Control, Indian Station (CIBC). Entomological Assistant
1984 1986
Honors/Awards 1) Honored with the ISWS Honorary fellowship award in recognition of her out standing
contribution to weed science by the Indian Society of Weed Science (ISWS) 2) Fellow of Society for Biological Control Advancement (2011) 3) A member of the biological control team that received award as the best biological control
center for their contribution under All India co- ordinated research project ( AICRP) on crop pests and weeds in the year 1998 .
Recognitions I. Invited delegate in formulation of technical programmes of National
symposia/seminars on Biological control and Bio-pesticides. II. Invited speaker for presentation of lead papers in various national seminars,
conferences related to biological control of crop pest and weeds III. Resource person on Microbial control of horticultural crop pests in various training
programmes organized by the Division of Extension of the institute IV. Acted as a referee for the reputed entomology journals of national and international
stature V. Expet member for granting R& D recognition certificate for privet companies.
Professional Experience The PI of the project has got 24 years of experience in the field of biological control of horticultural insect pest and weeds . The significant contributions made to the field of Biological control are:
1) New potential natural enemies (parasites, predators and pathogens) for many indigenous pests and weeds of horticultural crop pests were identified
23
2) Mass multiplication techniques standardized. 3) Studies on the pestilence in relation to biotic and abiotic factors studies for insect pest and
natural enemies. 4) Effect , mass multiplied and evaluated. 5) Bio- ecological studies on pest and its natural enemies, development IPM strategies for
horticultural crop pests and efforts to develop formulations of potential entomo-pathogens are being made
A. Publications (Numbers only)……. 135 B. Selected peer-reviewed publications (Ten best publications in chronological order) 1.Ganga Visalakshy, P. N. and Krishnamoorthy, A. 2009 Biological control of thrips of
horticultural importance in India: Present status and future Scope - Chapter in Ecofreindly insect pest management, (ed. Dr. ignachimuthu,S and David, B.V.) publ. by Elite publ. house.pvt.ltd. New Delhi.
2. Ganga Visalakshy, P.N. Krishnamoorthy, A. and Manoj Kumar, A (2005). Effects of Plant Oils and Adhesive Stickers on the Mycelia Growth and Conidiation of Verticillium lecanii, a potential entomopathogen. Phytoparasitica, 33(4): 367-369
3. Ganga Visalakshy, A. Krishnamoorthy and Manoj Kumar, A.2006. Compatibility of plant oils and additives with Paecilomysis farinosus, a potential entomopathogenic fungus. J. of Food Agriculture and Environment, 4(1): 333-335
4. Sithanantham, S., Varatharajan, R., Chandish R. Ballal and P. N. Ganga Visalakshy 2007. Research status and scope for biological control of sucking pests in India: case study of thrips. J.of Biological control, 21,1-19
5. Ganga Visalakshy,P. N., Krishnamoorthy,A and Hussaini,S.S. 2009 Field efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode steinernema carpocapsae (weiser, 1955) against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, leucinodes orbonalis guenee. Nemt. Med. (Accepted)
6. Ganga Visalakshy 2008.Post Introductory Risk Assessment Studies on Zygogramma bicolorata, Pallister ( Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) a Classical Biological Control Agent of Parthenium hystereophorus L. (Asteraceae) in India Bio control science and technology, 18, 1083 - 1086
7. Ganga Visalakshy, P.N. A. Krishnamoorthy and A. Manoj Kumar (2007) Compatibility between the plant antagonists Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, T. viride Pers.:Fr. and potential entomopathogenic fungi of horticultural crop pest. Entomon,31,2,129-132
8. P.N. Ganga Visalakshy, A.Krishnamoorthy and A. Manoj Kumar (2007).The suitability of host plants for mass multiplication of S. dorsalis. ENTOMON, 32,57-60
9. Mani, M. and Ganga Visalakshy.P.N. Field efficacy of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana against guava mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret. Communicated to Journal of Bio. Control.
10. Ganga Visalakshy.P.N. and Mani.M.2011Beauvaria bassiana: a promising entomopathogen of guava mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret.Communicated to Journal of Bio. Control.
Five publications related to the subject I. Mani, M. and Ganga Visalakshy.P.N. Field efficacy of the entomopathogen Beauveria
bassiana against guava mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret. Communicated to Journal of Bio. Control.
II. Ganga Visalakshy.P.N. and Mani.M.201 1Beauvaria bassiana: a promising entomopathogen of guava mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret.Communicated to Journal of Bio. Control.
24
III. Ganga Visalakshy, P.N. Krishnamoorthy, A. and Manoj Kumar, A (2005). Effects of Plant Oils and Adhesive Stickers on the Mycelia Growth and Conidiation of Verticillium lecanii, a potential entomopathogen. Phytoparasitica, 33(4): 367-369
IV. Ganga Visalakshy, P. N. and Krishnamoorthy, A. 2009 Biological control of thrips of horticultural importance in India: Present status and future Scope - Chapter in Ecofreindly insect pest management, (ed. Dr. ignachimuthu,S and David, B.V.) publ. by Elite publ. house.pvt.ltd. New Delhi.
V. Ganga Visalakshy. A. Krishnamoorthy and Manoj Kumar, A.2006. Compatibility of plant oils and additives with Paecilomysis farinosus, a potential entomopathogenic fungus. J. of Food Agriculture and Environment, 4(1): 333-335
VI. Sithanantham, S., Varatharajan, R., Chandish R. Ballal and P. N. Ganga Visalakshy 2007. Research status and scope for biological control of sucking pests in India: case study of thrips. J.of Biological control, 21, 1-19
C. Details of Research Projects of PI ( project leader /Associate)
Sl No. Title of Project Funding Agency Amount Date of sanction and Duration
1 Biological control of fruit crop pests
ICAR * 2004 to contd.
2 Biological control of chilli thrips ICAR * 2004 to contd. 3 Biological control of onion and
water melon thrips ICAR * 2008
4 Development of biocontrol technology for mango hoppers
DBT 23.69 2006 - 2009
5 All India Co-ordinated research project on biological control of crop pests and weeds
ICAR * 1987-contd.
* NA. Completed Research Projects (State only major projects of last 3 years)
Sl No. Title of Project Funding Agency Amount Date of completion
1 Biological control of brinjal shoot and fruit borer
Govt. of Karnataka 4 lakhs 2003-2007
2 Biological control of brinjal shoot and fruit borer and bud and fruit borer of gherkins
ICAR * 2004-2007
Place: Signature of Investigator Date:
25
PART VII: PROFORMA FOR BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF INVESTIGATORS Provide the following information for the key personnel in the order listed on PART II.
Follow this format for each person. DO NOT EXCEED THREE PAGES
Name : Dr. Azariah BABU Designation : Sr. Entomologist & Head
Department/Institute/University : Tocklai Exp.stat.Assam. Date of Birth 27-06-1964 Sex (M/F): Male
SC/ST : Not Applicable Education (Post-Graduation onwards & Professional Career)
Sl No. Institution Place
Degree Awarded
Year Field of Study
1. Scott Christian College,Nagercoil Madurai Kamaraj University
M. Sc. 1986 Zoology- Entomology
2. Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai
PGDFOE*Entomology
1988 Entomology
3. Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai
Ph.D.
1992 Entomology
A. Position and Honours
Position and Employment (Starting with the most recent employment) Sl No.
Institution Place
Position From (Date) To (date)
1. Tocklai Exptl., Station, Assam. Ento. in charge Jume,2011 contd
2. UPASI Tea Research Foundation Entomologist March, 2002 May,2011
3. Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai-600 034
Scientist April, 1998 Feb 2002
4. Govt College Madappally, Vadakara 673 102.
Lecturer in Zoology
JULY 1996 JULY 1997
5 Pioneer Kumaraswamy College, Nagercoil-629 003.
Lecturer in Zoology
JULY 1994 JULY 1996
Honours/Awards/Achievements Young Scientist Awarded under Scheme for Young Scientists (SYS) by Department of Science and
Technology (DST), Government of India on “Bionomics and tritrophic interactions of phytophagous coccinellids’ (1999-2001).
Visiting Scientist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, [Applied Entomology] for 6 months (01-03-2001- 1—9-2001) and worked on the Research Topic “Headspace volatiles of infested and un-infested cowpeas: characterization and bioassay.”
Professional Experience
26
Development of Pest management packages for major plantation crops with special reference to tea. Familiarizing on the Bionomics of key pests of various agro-ecosystems including Tea (Thrips, Tea
mosquito, Red spider mite etc). Development of a pheromone / kairamone trap for tea mosquito/shot hole borer Mass multiplication of insect pests and natural enemies using semi-synthetic diets for laboratory
bio-assays. B. Publications (Numbers only) 35 Research Papers, Reports: 10 General Articles: 12 Patents: Obtained an India Patent for the Female sex pheromone of tea mosquito Selected peer-reviewed publications (Ten best publications in chronological order)
1. Gurusubramaniam, G., A. Babu, S.Venkatesan, and P.Karnan. Improvement of growth rate, adult emergence and reproductive potential of Heliothis armigera (Hubner) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). …An evaluation of Natural and Semi-syntheticdiets.(1991), Phytophaga 2(2): 121-138.
2. Babu, A and T.N.Ananthakrishnan. Predatory efficiency, Reproductive potential and Bioenergetics of Coccinella transversalis F., and Menochilus sexmaculatus F. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in relation to aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) prey quality (1993) Phytophaga, 5 (2): 126-135.
3. Gopichandran R., A. Babu and C.Balasubramanian. Heterogeneity insect faunal assemblages in Social forest stands- A statistical interpretation of biodiversity (1993):Hexapoda Special Issue: 83 - 95.
4. Babu, A., R.Seenivasagan and G.Karuppasamy. Biological control resources in Social Forest stands. (1994) In Biological control of Social Forest and Plantation Crops. E.G. Ananthakrishnan, Oxford IBH, New Delhi.pp.7-24.
5. Babu, A., R.Gopichandran and C.Balasubramanian. Hand Book of Insects in social Forest stands. (1993). Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai-600 034.
6. Babu, A., R.Gopichandran and C.Balasubramanian. Hand Book of Biological control Agents of Social Forest Insects (1993) Entomology Research Institute, LoyolaCollege, Chennai-34.
7. Babu, A., Influence of prey species on the feeding preference, post-embryonic development and reproduction of Coccinella transversalis F. (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) (1999) Entomon (23(2): 221-228.
8. Babu, A., N. Raja, S. Albert, S. Ignacimuthu and S. Dorn. 1999 Comparative efficacy of Some indigenous plant extracts against the pulse beetle Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Col. Bruchidae) Biological, Horticulture and agriculture, 17: 145-150.
9. Babu, A. 2000 Social forestry in India: An Entomological approach. Biodiversity Journal on Earth. 2(3): 2- 10.
10. Babu.A, Hern, A. and Dorn.S. 2003. Souces of Semiochemicals mediating host finding in Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Bulletin of Entomological l Research 93: 187-192.
List maximum of five recent publications relevant to the proposed area of work. 1. Babu, A., Selvasundaram R. and Sasidhar, R. 2003. Yellow sticky traps for thrips control.
Newsletter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, 13(1): 4. 2. Babu, A., Selvasundaram R. and Siby Mathew R. 2005. Evaluation of New pesticides for the
control of tea thrips. Newsletter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, 15(2): 4.
27
3. Babu, A., Selvasundaram R. Muraleedharan N. and Siby Mathew R. 2005. A New predator of Tea mosquito. Newsletter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, 15(2): 5.
4. Babu, A., Sachin P. James, Perumalsamy K. Achuthan R. and Siby Mathew 2006. Comparative Bioefficacy of Natural Pyrethrum Extract and oils of Pongamia + Neem against Tea thrips.Newsletter of UPASI Tea Research Foundation, 16(2): 4.
5. Babu, A., Sachin P. James, N. Muraleedharan 2006. Impact of Kairomones of Montanoa bipinnatifida on shot hole borer Euwallacea fornicatus (Eichhoff) (Scolytidae: Coleoptera)” Proceedings of the VII Annual Discussion meeting on “Semiochemicals in crop protection: ongoing Technologies” held at CCSTDS Auditorium, Chennai on 2nd December 2006.
C. Research Support (i) Ongoing Research Projects
Sl No. Title of Project Funding Agency Amount
( in lakhs) Date of sanction and Duration
1 Use of Neem kernel Aqueous Extract (NKAE) for integrated pest management in tea
Min. of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India
.33.89 lakhs October, 2006
March 2011
2 Development of integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) strategies for tea with special reference to non-chemical control methods
Tea Board 99 lakhs March 2009 to
March 2012
(ii) Completed Research Projects (State only major projects of last 3 years)
S. No. Title of Project Funding Agency
Amount Date of completion
1. Development of mass rearing technique for two major predators of red spider mites
(NTRF) 9.6l akh Mar.09
2 Microbial control of insect pests (NTRF) 11.6 lakh 08.07.2006 3 Studies on the volatile profiles of cut stems of Montanoa
bipinnatifida an attractant for trapping shot hole borer infesting tea
(NTRF) 17.85 lakh
31.03.2007
(iii) Summary of the project: Major results/highlights of the project including achievement (publications, patents etc.) for completed projects and up to date technical progress reports for ongoing projects 1. Microbial control of insect pests (NTRF) completed in 2006 2. Studies on the volatile profiles of cut stems of Montanoa bipinnatifida an attractant for trapping shot hole borer infesting tea (NTRF) completed in 2007 3. Development of mass rearing technique for two major predators of red spider mites (NTRF) – Completed –Rs.9.60, 570 4. Neem project on use of Neem kernel Aqueous Extract (NKAE) for integrated pest management in tea – Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India – on going 33.89 lakhs.
Place: Signature of Investigator:
28
PART VII: PROFORMA FOR BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF INVESTIGATORS Provide the following information for the key personnel in the order listed on PART II.
Follow this format for each person. DO NOT EXCEED THREE PAGES Name: Dr. P. Shivarama Bhat Designation: Principal Scientist (Agricultural Entomology)
Department/Institute/University: Directorate of Cashew Research , Puttur;574 202 Date of Birth: 4th June,1959 Sex (M/F): M SC/ST: No Education (Post-Graduation onwards & Professional Career)
Sl No. Institution/Place
Degree Awarded
Year Field of Study
1 Univ. of Agric. Sci. G.K.V.K. Bangalore
M.Sc. (Agri. Ent.)
1984 Agricultural Entomology
2 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University(TNAU), Coimbatore, India
Ph.D. (Agri. Ent)
1999 Agricultural Entomology
Position and Employment (Starting with the most recent employment) S.no
Institution Position From (Date)
To (Date)
1 Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur, Karnataka
Principal Scientist
22.9.2007 Continuing
2 Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur Senior Scientist 22.9.1999 21.9.2007
3 Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur Scientist ( SG) 27.7.98 21.9. 1999
4 Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur. Scientist(SS) 18.4.94 26.7.98
5 Directorate of Cashew Research, Puttur. Scientist 1.2.92 17.4.94
6 Regional Centre of Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Orissa.
Scientist 26.6.86 31.1.92
7 Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Sreekariyam, Tvm.,Kerala.
Scientist 18.4.86 25.6.86
8 Operational Research Project on Watershed Development, Mittemari, Bagepalli taluk, Kolar district, Karnataka,University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore,
Res. Asst. 8.5.1985 27.3..1986
9 Office of the Principal Agricultural Officer, Mangalore, Karnataka, Karnataka State Department of Agriculture, Bangalore
Assistant Agricultural Officer
30.9.83 30.4. 1985
Honors/Awards Awarded Junior Research Fellowship of ICAR, New Delhi for M.Sc. (Ag.) programme at
UAS, Bangalore in 1981. Awarded Senior Research Fellowship of ICAR, New Delhi for Ph.D. programme at Tamil
Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore in 1997. Awarded Dr. Abdul Kareem Award for best thesis in plant protection (Entomology /
Pathology / Nematology) during 1999 for the Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Department of Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
Recognitions Declared as Fellow of Entomological Society of India (FESI), New Delhi in 2008.
29
D. Publications:75 Inclusive of Research papers , Book chapters ,Presentation in Seminar / Symposia, Popular articles Technical Bulletin and Extension Leaflets.
E. Selected peer-reviewed publications (Ten best publications in chronological order) 1. Bhat, P.S. and Rajagopal, D. 1989. Carabid fauna and their ecology Part-II. J. Soil Biol.
Ecol. 9(1):55-64. 2. Sundararaju, D., Bakthavatsalam, N. and Bhat, P.S. 1993. Ovicidal activity and residual
toxicity of certain insecticides to tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Sign. (Heteroptera : Miridae) infesting cashew. Pestology. XVII (2): 14-19.
3. Bhat, P.S. 1994. Chemical control of sweet potato weevil Cylas formicarius in Orissa. J. Root Crops. 17(2):147-149.
4. Bhat, P.S. and Narkar, S.K. 1994. Reaction of some pre-released promising varieties of sweet potato weevil Cylas formicarius. Indian J. Ent. 56:387-391.
5. Raviprasad, T.N. Sundararaju, D. and Bhat P.S. 2005 Efficacy of botanicals against Helopeltis antonii Sig.infesting cashew. The Cashew XIX(2) :29.
6. Raviprasad, T.N. Sundararaju, D. and Bhat P.S. 2005 Efficacy of botanicals against Helopeltis antonii Sig.infesting cashew. The Cashew XIX(4) : 9-14.
7. Bhat ,P.S. and Raviprasad ,T.N. 2006. Studies on endosulfan and carbaryl residues in cashew kernels. J. Plantation Crops. 34(3) : 373-376.
8. Sundararaju ,D. Yadukumar ,N. Bhat ,P.S. Raviprasd,T.N. , Venkattakumar , R. and Sreenath Dixit, 2006, Yield performanc of “ Bhaskara ” cashew variety in coastal Karnataka. J. Plantation Crops. 34(3) : 216-219.
9. Bhat, P.S. and Raviprasad, T.N. 2008. Studies on lindane and chlorpyriphos residues in cashew kernels. J. of Plantation Crops 36 (2): 142-144.
10. Bhat, P.S. and Raviprasad, T.N. 2008. Sex pheromone of tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret (Miridae:Heteroptera). J. of Plantation Crops 36 (3):451-453.
Five publications related to the subject Bhat, P.S. and Raviprasad, T.N. 1996. Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi against
cashew stem and root borer Plocaederus ferruginues L. (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae). J Plant. Crops. 24(S):265-271.
Sundararaju, D., Bakthavatsalam, N. and Bhat, P.S. 1993. Ovicidal activity and residual toxicity of certain insecticides to tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Sign. (Heteroptera : Miridae) infesting cashew. Pestology. XVII (2): 14-19.
Raviprasad, T.N. Sundararaju, D. and Bhat P.S. 2005 Efficacy of botanicals against Helopeltis antonii Sig.infesting cashew. The Cashew XIX(2) :29. Bhat, P.S. and Raviprasad, T.N. 2008. Sex pheromone of tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii Signoret (Miridae:Heteroptera). J. of Plantation Crops 36 (3):451-453.
F. Details of Research Projects of PI ( project leader /Associate) :Externally funded Sl No. Title of Project Funding Agency Amount Date of sanction
and Duration 1 ORP on Management of sucking
pests in Horticultural Crops ICAR) 8.lakh 2009 for three
years 2
Regional abundance and population dynamics of Cashew Stem and Root Borer (CSRB) and training campaigns for its management
DCCD,kochi 8,00,000/- 2007 for five years
Place: Signature of Investigator
