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Event 5 Property Crimes LD23- Crimes in Progress Session 19– Building Search Page 1 of 19 Date Revised: 11/26/19 Course Goal: To teach recruit officers to respond to a crime in progress. Module Goal: To teach recruit officers tactical concepts to safely conduct a building search. Learning Objectives: Demonstrate appropriate actions when conducting a search for suspects, including: preparing to enter the area to be searched, initiating owner contact, if applicable, communicating (e.g., announcement to potential suspects, contact with other units), using lighting, using canines/special units, using cover officers, making a tactically sound entry, conducting a systematic search, confronting a suspect during the search, using proper arrest techniques. [23.II.C.1-10] Explain the primary purposes for establishing crime scene perimeters. [23.II.B] Demonstrate effective officer actions for the safe and tactical response involving Officer down calls. [23.IV.A.5] The students will successfully use all three search methods, mirror, quick peek, and slice the pie. Demonstrate effective officer actions for the safe and tactical response to crime in progress involving burglaries. [23.III.A.2] Module Time: 14 hours (6 Sessions) Resources: Classroom with tables Dry-erase markers Inert handgun for each recruit Mirror Module Summary: The students will begin with a facilitated discussion in the classroom. The instructors will then demonstrate the concepts and techniques of building search. The students will demonstrate a safe and tactical building search. Outline Instructor Notes I. EQUIPMENT A. Officers are required to have flashlights, and ballistic body armor. [1] B. Other equipment possibly needed. 1. Door Stops 2. Tie-Off line (Rip Hobble can work) 3. Knee pads Session 1 (2hrs) Facilitated discussion in the classroom (Approximately 1.5hrs) Ask students what is the Penal Code Section for Burglary-459PC PTE 12/23/19
Transcript
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Event 5 Property Crimes LD23- Crimes in Progress

Session 19– Building Search

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Date Revised: 11/26/19 Course Goal: To teach recruit officers to respond to a crime in progress. Module Goal: To teach recruit officers tactical concepts to safely conduct a building search. Learning Objectives:

• Demonstrate appropriate actions when conducting a search for suspects, including: preparing to enter the area to be searched, initiating owner contact, if applicable, communicating (e.g., announcement to potential suspects, contact with other units), using lighting, using canines/special units, using cover officers, making a tactically sound entry, conducting a systematic search, confronting a suspect during the search, using proper arrest techniques. [23.II.C.1-10]

• Explain the primary purposes for establishing crime scene perimeters. [23.II.B]

• Demonstrate effective officer actions for the safe and tactical response involving Officer down calls. [23.IV.A.5]

• The students will successfully use all three search methods, mirror, quick peek, and slice the pie.

• Demonstrate effective officer actions for the safe and tactical response to crime in progress involving burglaries. [23.III.A.2]

Module Time: 14 hours (6 Sessions)

Resources:

• Classroom with tables

• Dry-erase markers

• Inert handgun for each recruit

• Mirror

Module Summary: The students will begin with a facilitated discussion in the classroom. The instructors will then demonstrate the concepts and techniques of building search. The students will demonstrate a safe and tactical building search.

Outline Instructor Notes I. EQUIPMENT

A. Officers are required to have flashlights,

and ballistic body armor. [1]

B. Other equipment possibly needed.

1. Door Stops

2. Tie-Off line (Rip Hobble can work)

3. Knee pads

Session 1 (2hrs) Facilitated discussion in the classroom (Approximately 1.5hrs) Ask students what is the Penal Code Section for Burglary-459PC

PTE 12/23/19

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4. Ballistic helmet

5. Mirrors

II. Containment (Perimeter)

A. Containment: quality containment

around the location, that will be

searched, is essential for officer safety,

the containment of a possible suspect

inside the location, and to prevent

escape. Officers in a containment

position should exploit afforded cover

and concealment. [2]

[23.II.B] 1. Officers should deploy themselves in

a position that is not too close to the

search location, but not so far away

that they would be ineffective.

Additionally, officers should attempt

to observe windows, doors, or other

areas within their containment

responsibility, where a suspect could

potentially exit the location and

escape.

2. Considerations for perimeters are:

a. Complete containment around

the perimeter of the location

b. No diagonal deployment, unless

there are two A-cars present. [3]

c. Proper sequential numbering of a

location, (Clockwise).

d. Establishing a tactical frequency

for all involved units.

e. Deployment of an Air Unit

f. Keeping a constant uninterrupted

view of the location. [4]

B. Architecture and Information of the

Location:

What is the definition of Burglary-Entering a specified structure with the intent to commit any theft or felony. [1] Ask- What may be some equipment needed while doing a building search? [2] Ask- Why is it important to set up containment around the location to be searched? Reinforce the 4 C’s [3] Ask- Can we diagonal deploy? [4] Ask- What is the advantage of having the Air Unit? [5] Ask- What can you learn from the architecture of the location?

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1. The outside architecture of a building

can reveal valuable information,

regarding the inside layout of the

search location. [5]

a. Door locations, which way do

they open, in or out (Hinges).

b. Window locations / Levels -

Floors

c. Natural flow of the location (To

the right, left or straight back)

d. Attic Vents / Crawl Spaces

e. Obtaining interior room

configuration of a location can be

immensely valuable.

f. Find someone who can give

information about the inside of

the location.

g. Attempt to have a diagram

drawn showing the room

locations.

h. For searches, when time is

available (i.e. search warrants,

open door, 459 investigation,

parole/probation searches, long

stand - off, etc.) Find a similar

location and perform a walk-

through to familiarize yourself

with the layout of the location to

be searched.

C. Search Teams: (Basic concepts)

1. Two officers may enter but three

officers are needed to conduct a

search. The fourth officer will take

the role of Team Leader [6]

a. The basis for a minimum of four

officer teams conducting the

search is,

b. Should one officer become

injured during a search, it will

[6] Ask- What is the minimum number of officers to search a building? [7] Ask- Why is the minimum for a search 4 Officers?

· 4th Officer can take the role of team leader for

Command and Control purposes.

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take at least 2 officers to

effectively execute an officer

rescue. [7]

c. Officer rescues are proven as an

effective manner of extracting an

injured officer from a hostile

location.

d. Four officer teams are standard

when performing building

searches.

1) Primary Cover Officer

2) Searching Officer

3) Team Leader

4) Trailer

e. Primary Cover Officer is

responsible for providing cover

for a Searching Officer and

covering - Areas of Concern.

Additionally, the Primary Cover is

also responsible for assisting with

the search of a location and

locating potential suspects.

NOTE: Roles may change

between the initial Search

Officer, Trailer and Primary Cover

Officer. BE FLEXIBLE.

f. The Searching Officer is

responsible for conducting a

search of the location to locate

potential suspects.

g. Team Leader is responsible for

forming the team, providing

guidance and Command and

Control during the search.

Additionally, the Team Leader

will make sure that all areas of

concern/areas of responsibility

are covered and searched, while

ensuring that no areas are left

unsearched. [8]

[8] Ask- What are the Team Leaders responsibilities?

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h. The Trailer Officer provides cover

during the search, or can fill in for

any of the officers involved in the

search.

D. Announcements:

1. Knock and Notice – Used to identify

your presence and intent [9]

2. Can help de-escalate a situation

3. Telephone (Landline or Cellphone)

4. Vehicle P/A

5. Loud Voice

Key learning points

- Minimum number of officers needed to

search

- Search team responsibilities

III. RULES TO LIVE BY

A. When officers initiate the search of a

location for a suspect, they are not only

searching for the suspect, but also areas

that the suspect may be hiding. [10]

B. These areas are considered Areas of

Concern. [11]

C. Officers must identify Areas of Concern

as they come upon them during a

building search.

1. There are three rules concerning

Areas of Concern.

2. Officers shall utilize one of the

following methods, before moving

past an Area of Concern. [12]

a. Clear it

b. Cover it

c. Secure it

D. All corners inside of a location can be

considered or recognized as Areas of

Concern, until cleared. [13]

[9] Ask- Why do we announce our presence? [10] Ask- When officers initiate a search, what are the officers searching and what are they searching for? [11] Ask- What are these areas called? [12] Ask- Officers shall do one of three things before moving past an Area of Concern? [13] Ask- Are corners considered Areas of Concern?

· Answer = Depends on if the corner is clear or

obstructions are obscuring the officer’s view.

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1. The systematic use of proper

searching techniques will enable

officers to locate a suspect inside of a

location, without giving the suspect

an opportunity to injure them. [14]

2. Officers should always employ the

basic concepts. [15]

a. Look and listen first

b. Mirror (If available – strongly

encouraged)

c. Slice the angle (Pie) wherever

feasible

d. Quick Peek (If warranted)

E. During a systematic search, the officer

shall stop and listen outside a room/door

for any suspect movement. This is done

before performing the search techniques.

F. Officers should Mirror a point of entry

prior to exposing themselves and

attempt to observe any suspects (i.e.

suspect(s) lying in wait to ambush

officers), when feasible. Use the full

length of the mirror when starting a

search at each search point – when

feasible.

G. Slice the angle (Pie) on any door where

the technique is feasible

H. After slicing the angle (no more than 90

degrees - approximately) the officer can

return to the door frame and Mirror

and/or Quick Peek before making entry.

[16]

IV. ANGLES

A. Officers need to be aware of not placing

themselves into an exposed/vulnerable

area by disregarding the angles that

come into play during a stealth search.

[14] Ask- What is the importance of a systematic search? [15] Ask- What are some searching techniques? [16] Ask- How far should we slice the “pie?” [16] Ask- Why do we Mirror before slicing the pie or quick peek, when feasible?

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1. Adjusting movements of the search,

officers must be in sequence with

areas being covered by other officers.

2. This will keep officers from moving

into an area where a suspect would

be able to attack the officer.

B. One of the greatest dangers while

searching is not being cognizant of an

angle working against an officer, and to

the suspect’s advantage.

V. ENTRIES

A. The entry into a location can be a very

dangerous time for officers. Doorways

have long been referred to as “The Fatal

Funnel.” Officers need to make entries

using several techniques. [17]

1. Crisscross [18]

2. Button Hook

3. Linear (hallways or narrow areas)

B. Room entries shall be completed by a

minimum of two officers. [19]

1. Never allow less than two officers to

enter a room.

2. Flexibility is a must always.

3. If a room were so small that two

officers would cause congestion

inside the area, then one officer

enters while the other covers from

the doorway.

4. Although two officers may be the

minimum, most larger rooms will

require 3 or more to adequately

cover and clear all areas of concern.

[17] Ask- Why is it important to quickly get through a doorway? [18] Ask- What are the three types of entries? [19] Ask- How many officers to enter a room? [20] Ask- Why is it tactically unsafe to use two or more points of entry?

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C. It is imperative that only one entrance

point is utilized during the search.

1. It is recommended for teams to have

an alternate entry point planned,

should the first point of entry fail.

2. It is tactically unsafe to use two or

more points of entry, simultaneously

on the same floor.

3. Officers can mistakenly come into

contact with each other during the

search. [20]

D. Officers need to visually sweep an area

upon entering.

1. The visual sweep should always be:

a. Corner

b. Center

c. Up and Down

d. These rules are in place to ensure

that an officer does a complete

visual sweep of the entered

room.

e. While conducting these

maneuvers, officers should

remember to keep their head up

and muzzle down, to avoid

blocking their full field of view.

[21]

VI. COMMUNICATIONS INSIDE THE LOCATION

A. Communications between officers

conducting a building search is a key

element in the successful conclusion of

the search.

1. Officers need to communicate by use

of hand signals if possible and

verbally if necessary. [22]

2. Hand signals need to be established

and understood by all Officers

involved in the search.

[21] Ask- Why is it important to visually sweep the corner first upon entering the location? [22] Ask- What are some ways to communicate inside the location? The instructor will demonstrate the hand signals.

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a. Suspect - Support hand open

wide flaring all fingers pointed in

direction of suspect.

b. Cover - Sweeping of the support

hand over the head in a back and

forth manner followed by the

pointing of a finger in the

direction, or at the object needed

to be covered.

c. Stop - A closed fist (support

hand) held up near the face.

d. To gain the attention of the team

- Snapping of the fingers (support

hand).

e. Follow – Support hand - Open

palm, arm moved in a circular

motion at the elbow.

VII. WEAPON POSITIONING

A. It should be clearly understood that

building searches are a high-risk

situation.

1. Officers will normally have their

firearm drawn from their holsters

since a search for the suspect has the

possibility of escalating into a use of

deadly force situation.

2. Proper weapons handling during the

search is paramount to officer safety.

For example, the Searching Officer

may, briefly, conduct a search with

his/her firearm holstered while the

Primary Cover Officer covers the

Searching Officer, i.e. mirroring,

lifting bed, moving furniture, opening

doors.

3. Officers should remember to keep

their head up and muzzle down, to

avoid blocking their full field of view,

as suspects often hide in low places.

The instructor will review the drawing and exhibiting policy with the class. [23] Ask- What are the four firearms Basic Safety Rules?

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4. Several key elements to safe and

proper weapons handling include

[23]

a. All guns are always loaded

b. Never allow the muzzle to cover

anything you are not willing to

shoot.

c. Keep your finger off the trigger

until your sights are aligned on

the target and you intend to

shoot

d. Be sure of your target

e. If an Officer moves in front of

your weapon, depress the muzzle

until the Officer is clear of your

muzzle.

f. Weapons handling should be

restricted to the Officers primary

hand unless the Officer is

competent with their off hand or

they are injured. [24]

g. When using a flashlight, Officers

should utilize the Harries,

Chapman technique or Pistol

with attached light (PWAL).

VIII. LIGHTING

A. Lighting is a key element in a successful

search.

1. Officers must be able to see clearly to

ensure they are not missing a hidden

suspect’s location.

2. The proper use of lights can make an

officer’s task much easier and safer.

3. Improper use of lighting can place an

officer in a position of disadvantage

without the officer realizing the

danger.

a. Lights in front of an officer with

darkness behind.

[24] Ask- Weapons handling should be restricted to the Officers primary hand unless? [25] Ask- What are the hazards of silhouetting an officer with your light? [26] Ask- What is the advantage of placing light in the face of a suspect in a dark environment?

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b. Never silhouette an officer with

your light. [25]

c. Avoid turning your light off in a

dark environment.

d. Darkness is a suspect’s friend.

Light is his/her enemy.

e. Lighting placed into the face of a

suspect in a dark environment

will place the suspect at a

disadvantage. The suspect may

be unable to see the officer

behind the beam of light. [26]

f. Refrain from placing your light

system in your primary hand.

IX. OFFICER RESCUES

A. The safety of officers during a search is

most important.

1. Although officers may do everything

right, misfortune can occur with one

of the officers involved in the search

becoming injured by a suspect.

2. Officers need to be prepared to deal

with these situations in a tactically

competent manner.

B. “The body will readily go where the mind

has already been” mental preparation is

a must. [27]

1. An officer knowing what they must

do in a critical incident is going to

react much quicker and with greater

precision, compared to an officer

who is totally unprepared.

C. Officer rescues need to be performed in

the following manner. [23.IV.A.5]

1. As an officer goes down, the officer

closest yells out the officer’s name

[27] Ask- Why is mental preparation a must during police work? (Demonstrate an officer down rescue Learning Activity 2) [28] Ask- Why do we search with a minimum of three officers? [29] Ask- What is the definition of Cover Fire?

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yelling (Smith is down, Smith is

down) or “Officer Down!”. [28]

2. The officer closest to the downed

officer then moves in front or to a

tactically superior position in relation

to the downed officer. If the downed

officer, or other persons remain in

immediate danger from death or

serious bodily injury, the cover officer

may employ cover fire to aid with the

rescue of the downed officer. [28]

3. Cover fire is “controlled and

deliberate fire, directed at a life-

endangering threat, where an Officer

reasonable believes the threat to be

located. [29]

a. The cover fire does not have to

be directed specifically at the

suspect, but instead, the specific

area where the officer believes

the suspect is located.

b. Cover fire can be fired through

walls to suppress the suspect’s

assault upon the downed officer.

c. The next officer will go to the

downed officer, holster, and

physically extract the officer from

the location. The officer should

communicate that they are

moving and that they are out so

the cover officer is not left in the

location by himself/herself [30]

4. Officers utilizing cover fire must fire

in a systematic manner that will

afford the rescuer the time necessary

for extraction.

a. Rate of fire should be controlled

and at a rate that allows the

officer to maintain accuracy and

ammo management. [31]

X. APPREHENDING THE SUSPECT

[30] Ask- Why is it important for the rescue officer to communicate? [31] – Officers should explain the advantages of slowing down their rate of fire. [32] Ask- Why should officers always expect to find a suspect? [33] Ask- What are some locations officers can take the suspect(s) into custody?

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A. Officers should always expect to find a

suspect in every corner and behind every

piece of furniture.

B. Using this basic principal, an officer will

eliminate the element of surprise when

they have located a suspect. [32]

1. Remember, you must be prepared to

deal with the suspect once they are

located.

a. Always consider secondary

suspects.

b. Control the suspect’s hands.

c. Move the suspect to a location

that is advantageous to the

officers, i.e. an area that has

been cleared by officers and

minimizes exposure for officers

and suspect.

d. Consider the best location for

taking the suspect into custody.

1) If there is an area inside of

the location that has been

cleared by officers and

considered safe, it can be

used. [33]

2) If you locate a suspect with a

mirror and you don’t believe

the suspect knows they have

been located with the mirror,

(undetected), use hand

signals to notify the search

team.

3) If you locate a suspect with a

mirror, and you believe the

suspect knows they have

been found (detected), use

strong verbal commands to

advise the suspect what to

do and to also notify the

Why is it important to use proper handcuffing techniques? Why is it important to do a thorough search of the suspect? [34] Ask- Why does one officer search at a time?

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search team that you’ve

located the suspect.

4) If you must take the suspect

outside of the location for

officer safety, then do so.

e. Control the suspect movements.

f. Slow their movements down by

placing the suspect onto their

knees.

g. Never place a suspect between

officers, or pull a suspect past a

covering officer.

h. Handcuff the suspect, search

them thoroughly and conduct an

interview.

i. Resume search.

j. Complete Investigation.

XI. ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

A. Building Searches are an inherently

dangerous task that officers must do

daily.

1. There are many considerations that

must be observed before, during and

after the search.

B. “There are no absolutes in tactics, but

there are things you absolutely must do.”

1. Only one officer searches at a time

(avoids confusion). [34]

2. Use light to your advantage and

realize when light is placing you at a

disadvantage.

Key learning points

- Avoid entering a location alone

- Avoid the center of halls and rooms

- Avoid standing in a doorway

- Keep noise down to a minimum

- Stop and listen periodically

- Teamwork

- Command and Control

The instructors will demonstrate the three entries, crisscross, button hook and linear. The students will practice the entries. The instructors will demonstrate Mirroring techniques, Slicing the Angle (Pie) and the Quick Peek. The instructors will also demonstrate making entry into an open door, addressing a closed door and a door that opens outward. The students will practice the techniques. End 2 hours Session 2- 3hrs Students will practice entries and the different search techniques. Session 3- 2hrs Learning Activity 1 Session 4- 2hrs Learning Activity 2 (Officer Down Rescue) Session 5- 3hrs Learning Activity 3 Session 6- 2hrs Stairwell Searches, Learning Activity 1,3

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- Take your time, there is no reason to rush

XII.

Learning Activity 1- Possible Open Door at 12020 Academy Circle [23.II.C.1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10 23.III.A.2]

Purpose- Provide the students with an understanding of search concepts and the knowledge and use of the equipment necessary to conduct a safe search. Description- The suspect will hide under the countertop at 12020 Academy Circle. The suspect will be played by one of the instructors. Four recruits will be chosen to assume the role of the police officers. The primary unit will receive a radio call of a possible open door at 12020 Academy Circle. The officers will have a call back number and will attempt to contact the PR (Person Reporting). The PR will advise the officers the front door of the residence at 12020 Academy Circle is open. There is no additional information given. The primary unit will advise dispatch of their code 6 location and communicate any pertinent information. The officers will make a safe approach and observe the front door of the location ajar. The unit will communicate all necessary information including requesting additional resources to contain the building. The officers should utilize the 4 C’s (Control, Communicate, Coordinate and Contain). After containing the location, the officers will attempt to call out any potential suspects inside of the location using available resources. The officers will work as a team and use the search methods they were taught. They will enter the location and using the search methods they were taught the officers will locate the suspect hiding under the countertop. The officers will successfully take the suspect into custody using the building search concepts. (The time needed to get to the point of extraction and arrest will vary. Completing the scenario successfully will vary in time depending on the students) Suspect behaviors:

• Cooperative Resources needed:

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• Inert handguns

• Mirror

• Flashlight

• Training radios

• 1 radio for emergency notifications Key learning points:

• Communication

• What we do with an Area of Concern (Cover, clear or secure)

• Avoid entering a location alone

• Avoid the center of halls and rooms

• Avoid standing in a doorway

• Keep noise down to a minimum

• Stop and listen periodically

• The importance of teamwork

• The importance of Command and Control

• Take your time, there is no reason to rush Time needed: 15-20 minutes

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Learning Activity 2- Officer Down Rescue Demonstration [23.IV.A.5,] Purpose-The students will understand the proper tactics in performing an Officer Down Rescue. The students will demonstrate an Officer Down Rescue during Building Search Simunitions. Description- Four Recruit Officers will assume the role of officers searching a building in Sit Sim Village (any building). One instructor (role-player) will assume the role of the suspect who will be hiding inside the building. Three officers will enter the building and the suspect will start shooting. One officer will go down simulating he/she had been shot. The officer closest to the downed officer yells out the officer’s name (“Jones is down, Jones is down”) or “Officer Down!” The officer closest to the downed officer then moves in front or to a tactically superior position in relation to the downed officer and begins firing cover fire. Cover fire shall be directed at the area where the officer knows the suspect is located. The next officer will go to the downed officer and physically extract the officer from the location. He/she shall verbalize they are moving so the officer providing cover fire does not get left inside the building by herself/himself. Suspect behaviors:

• Deadly Resources needed:

• Inert handguns Key learning points:

• Importance of communication

• The importance of using cover fire

• Rate of fire (Training Purposes = no faster than one round per half second) allowing the rescuer the time necessary for extraction

• The importance of teamwork.

• The importance of Command and Control. Time needed: 10 minutes

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Session 19– Building Search

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Learning Activity 3- Open door at the LAPD Motel [23.II.C.1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10 23.III.A.2] Purpose- Provide the students with an understanding of search concepts and the knowledge and use of the equipment necessary to conduct a safe search. Description- The suspect will hide in the LAPD motel. The suspect (Role Player) will be played by one of the instructors. Four Recruit Officers will be chosen to assume the role of the police officers. The primary unit will receive a radio call of an open door at the LAPD Motel. The officers will have a call back number and will attempt to contact the PR (Person Reporting). The PR will advise the officers the front door upstairs of the LAPD Motel is open and no one has permission to be inside. There is no additional information given. The primary unit will advise dispatch of their code 6 location and communicate any pertinent information. The officers will make a safe approach and observe the front door of the location ajar. The primary unit will communicate all necessary information including requesting additional resources to contain the building. The officers should utilize the 4 C’s (Control, Communicate, Coordinate and Contain). After containing the location, the officers will attempt to call out any potential suspects inside of the location using available resources. The officers will work as a team and use the search methods they were taught including stairwell searches. They will enter the location and using the search methods they were taught the officers will locate the suspect hiding inside the location. The officers will successfully take the suspect into custody using the building search concepts. Suspect behaviors:

• Cooperative Resources needed:

• Inert handguns

• Mirror

• Flashlight

• Training radios

• 1 radio for emergency notifications

Page 19: Event 5 Property Crimes LD23- Crimes in Progress Building ...

Event 5 Property Crimes LD23- Crimes in Progress

Session 19– Building Search

Page 19 of 19

Key learning points:

• Communication

• What we do with an area of concern (Cover, clear or secure)

• Avoid the center of halls and rooms

• Avoid standing in a doorway

• Keep noise down to a minimum

• Stop and listen periodically

• Take your time, there is no reason to rush Time required: 15-20 minutes


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