Event: Transforming knowledge production and innovation ... · mostly (> 90%) depends on...

Event: Transforming knowledge production and innovation for sustainable water development, 2015 World Water Week

Stockholm, Sweden, 2015-08-27

Drinking water Wastewater

* Natural coagulant

* Nanotechnology

*Biofilters*Hydroponic systemsKnowledge to develop

Sustainable Practices

* Safe groundwater



Knowledge for meeting global challengesfor Water Development

Examples of Bangladesh and Ethiopia

I. SASMIT

• Drinking water supply in Bangladesh mostly (> 90%) depends on groundwater

• Most widely accepted option is manually operated suction mode hand tubewell

• More than 90% of 10 million tubewells are privately owned and installed by the local tubewell drillers

• SASMIT is a community based and cost efficient strategy for targeting safe groundwater for installation of safe drinking water tubewells

• Optimized on the basis of local knowledge and technique



SASMIT – strengths and opportunities

• Uses local knowledge and technique

• Accepted and adopted by community

• Cost efficient

• SASMIT strategy can be used within RWS programmes or/and through private sector to scale-up safe water access

• Easily replicable elsewhere in Bangladesh through simple correlation efforts/surveys

• Specially useful in arsenic hard hit areas

• Low arsenic and low manganese option



Knowledge baseAssessment of groundwater conditions



Knowledge baseUsed for identifying the safe aquifers

Depth, m

River

Measure stick

Measure stick

Measure stick

River

Pond Pond Channel Pond0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

Clay

?

Redish sand

Sand

30 - 50 m

At least 500 m

Abstraction from existing irrigation wellApprox. 40 m /h

3

Existing irrigation well

Existing irrigation

well used for monitoring?

New piezometres

New Piezometres

New Piezometres

5 - 15 m

50 -75 m

? ?

P1

P2

P3

P4

P6

P5

Depth, m

River

Measurestick


20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

Clay

Reddish sand

Sand

Existing irrigation


New Piezometres

? ?

P1

P4

P6

P5240

Deep Tubewell (DTW)

Intermediate depthtubewell (IDTW)

P5

P3

P2

Clay

Shallow depth (STW)



SASMIT Innovations I. Sediment Color Tool (SCT)Identified safe aquifers – based on characteristic sediment color

2.5Y 6/42..5Y 4/1

White

RedBlack

Off-white

2.5Y 6/42..5Y 4/1

White

RedBlack

Off-white

2.5Y 6/42..5Y 4/1

White

RedBlack

Off-white

2.5Y 6/42..5Y 4/1

White

RedBlack

Off-whiteREDOFF-WHITEWHITEBLACK

RISK

High Neglible?

REDOX

Very reduced Less reduced

High Low

Risk of arsenic in groundwater

Redox status

HighHighlyreduced

Lessreduced

BLACK WHITE OFF-WHITE RED



I. Sediment Color Tool



(Off-white) / (Low Arsenic) / (Safe)

( )

OW-1 OW-2 OW-3

W-1 W-2 W-3

(Black) / (High Arsenic) / (Unsafe)

B-1 B-2 B-3

Low

AR

SEN

IC R

ISK

Hig

h

R-1 R-2 R-3R-1 R-2 R-3

(White) / (Moderate Arsenic) / (Unsafe)

(Red) / ( Very low Arsenic) / (Safe)

Munsell color shades and codes(corresponding to field sediment color)

Sediment Color Toolfor installation of arsenic-safe shallow tubewellsDesigned and developed by© Sustainable Arsenic Mitigation (SASMIT) 2014 Sida Contribution No.:73000854

Low

AR

SEN

IC R

ISK

Hig

h

2.5Y 6/4

B-1 B-2 B-3

OW-1 OW-2 OW-3

W-1 W-2 W-3

R-1 R-2 R-3

(Black) / (High Arsenic) / (Unsafe)

(White) / (Medium Arsenic) / (Unsafe)

(Off-white) / (Low Arsenic) / (Safe)

(Red) / ( Very low Arsenic) / (Safe)

Transfer of knowledge todevelopment of tool

Depth, m

River

Measure stick

Measure stick

Measure stick

River


10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

Clay

?

Redish sand

Sand

30 - 50 m

At least 500 m

Abstraction from existing irrigation wellApprox. 40 m /h

3

Existing irrigation well

Existing irrigation


New piezometres

New Piezometres

New Piezometres

5 - 15 m

50 -75 m

? ?

P1

P2

P3

P4

P6

P5

Depth, m

River

Measurestick


20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

Clay

Reddish sand

Sand

Existing irrigation


New Piezometres

? ?

P1

P4

P6

P5240

Deep Tubewell (DTW)

Intermediate depthtubewell (IDTW)

P5

P3

P2

Clay

Shallow depth (STW)

II. Intermediate Deep Tubewells (IDTW)



Knowledge baseSocio-economic status and safe-water access



Transforming knowledgeSetting priorities and optimizing sites





Transforming knowledgeCapacity building of the local drillers and developing entrepreneurship

Scaling up safe water access



Wastewatertreatment

microorganisms activatedsludgebiofilm hydroponics

Process design(adaptable tothe localsystems)

II. BIO-EARNEfficient wastewater treatment process



Knowledge transfer

BIO-EARN - Examples

* Pilot treatment system - slaughter house wastewaterUganda

* Pilot treatment system - Tannery effluentEthiopia

* Simple purification methodTanzania - MFS, postdoc



Transforming knowledge for water development (Adapted from REACH - Improving water security for poor, 2015)



FINALLY

It is high time to scale up implementation, at the same time ensuring:

Priority to poor people with limited access to safe drinking water

- Target safe groundwater sources

- Simple and efficient water treatment process



…

• …

RESULT BASED MANAGEMENT SEMINARLGED, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2012-12-06

THANK YOU!

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