Biodiversity, health and wellbeing in Cornwall’s Public Open Space University of Exeter & Cornwall Council

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Evidence Report Card Reference List

This resource listing supports a series of evidence report cards brought together by a partnership

of the University of Exeter and Cornwall Council, funded by the University of Exeter ESRC Impact

Acceleration Account. The cards bring together the latest social science and related natural

scientific research from the University of Exeter and the international research community.

For more information about the work, please contact Dr Ben Wheeler

(B.W.Wheeler@exeter.ac.uk) or Dr Sarah Bell (Sarah.Bell@exeter.ac.uk) at the European Centre

for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School (http://www.ecehh.org/).

Suggested citation: Bell SL., Lovell R., Maclean I., Curtis R., Collings-Costello N. and Wheeler BW. (2016) Green space, human health and biodiversity: four evidence cards to inform public open space policy making in Cornwall Council. Economic and Social Research Council Impact Acceleration Account-funded project between Cornwall Council and University of Exeter. Available at www.beyondgreenspace.net

Ahern J. (2013) Urban landscape sustainability and resilience: the promise and challenges of integrating ecology with urban planning and design. Landscape Ecology 28: 1203-1212.

Akpinar A. (2016) How is quality of urban green spaces associated with physical activity and health? Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 16: 76-83.

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Angold PG, Sadler JP, Hill MO et al. (2006) Biodiversity in urban habitat patches. Science of the Total Environment 360: 196-204.

Armson D, Stringer P and Ennos AR. (2013) The effect of street trees and amenity grass on urban surface water runoff in Manchester, UK. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 12: 282-286.

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Ashbullby KJ, Pahl S, Webley P, et al. (2013) The beach as a setting for families’ health promotion: a qualitative study with parents and children living in coastal regions in Southwest England. Health and Place 23: 138-147.

Aspinall P, Ward Thompson C, Alves S, et al. (2010) Preference and relative importance for environmental attributes of neighbourhood open space in older people. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 37: 1022-1039.

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Bell SL, Phoenix C, Lovell R and Wheeler BW. (2014) Green space, health and wellbeing: making space for individual agency. Health and Place 30: 287-292.

Biodiversity, health and wellbeing in Cornwall’s Public Open Space University of Exeter & Cornwall Council

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Bell SL, Phoenix C, Lovell R and Wheeler BW. (2015) Seeking everyday wellbeing: The coast as a therapeutic landscape. Social Science and Medicine 142: 56-67.

Bell SL, Westley M, Lovell R. and Wheeler BW. (Forthcoming) Everyday green space and experienced wellbeing: the significance of wildlife encounters. Landscape Research.

Bell SL, Wheeler BW. and Phoenix C. (2016) Using geo-narratives to explore the diverse temporalities of therapeutic landscapes: perspectives from ‘green’ and ‘blue’ settings. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2016.1218269

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Cariñanos P and Casares-Porcel M. (2011) Urban green zones and related pollen allergy: A review. Some guidelines for designing spaces with low allergy impact. Landscape and Urban Planning 101: 205-214.

Clark NE, Lovell R, Wheeler BW, Higgins SL, Depledge MH and Norris K. (2014) Biodiversity, cultural pathways, and human health: a framework. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 29: 198-204.

Chow H. (2013 ) Outdoor fitness equipment in parks: a qualitative study from older adults’ perceptions. BMC Public Health 13: 1216-1225.

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Curtin S. (2009) Wildlife tourism: the intangible, psychological benefits of human-wildlife encounters. Current Issues in Tourism 12: 451-474.

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Dallimer M, Irvine K, Skinner A, et al. (2012) Biodiversity and the feel-good factor: understanding associations between self-reported human wellbeing and species richness. BioScience 62: 47-55.

Degenhardt B and Buchecker M. (2012) Exploring everyday self-regulation in nearby nature: Determinants, patterns, and a framework of Nearby Outdoor Recreation Behaviour. Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal 34: 450-469.

Dempsey N, Burton M and Duncan R. (2016) Evaluating the effectiveness of a cross-sector partnership for green space management: The case of Southey Owlerton, Sheffield, UK. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 15: 155-164.

Dennis M and James P. (2016) User participation in urban green commons: Exploring the links between access, voluntarism, biodiversity and well being. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 15: 22-31.

Dennis M, Armitage RP and James P. (2016) Appraisal of socio-ecological innovation as an adaptive response by stakeholders to local conditions: Mapping stakeholder involvement in horticulture oriented green space management. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 18: 86-94.

Dinnie E, Brown K and Morris S. (2013) Reprint of “Community, cooperation and conflict: Negotiating the social wellbeing benefits of urban greenspace experiences”. Landscape and Urban Planning 118: 103-111

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Elliott LR, White MP, Taylor AH, and Abraham C. (2016) How do brochures encourage walking in natural environments in the UK? A content analysis. Health Promotion International, doi: 10.1093/heapro/daw083.

Emery SB, Mulder HAJ and Frewer LJ. (2015) Maximising the policy impacts of public engagement: a European study. Science, Technology, & Human Values 40: 421-444.

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Filibeck G, Petrella P and Cornelini P. (2016) All ecosystems look messy, but some more so than others: A case study on the management and acceptance of Mediterranean urban grasslands. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 15: 32-39.

Finney N and Rishbeth C. (2006) Engaging with marginalised groups in public open space research: the potential of collaboration and combined methods. Planning Theory and Practice 7: 27-46.

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Fletcher RJ, Ries L, Battin J and Chalfoun AD. (2007) The role of habitat area and edge in fragmented landscapes: definitively distinct or inevitably intertwined? Canadian Journal of Zoology, 85: 1017-1030.

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Fuller R, Irvine K, Devine-Wright P et al. (2007) Psychological benefits of greenspace increase with biodiversity. Biology Letters 3: 390-394.

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Game A and Metcalfe A. (2011) 'My corner of the world': Bachelard and Bondi Beach. Emotion, Space and Society 4: 42-50.

Garbuzov M, Fensome KA and Ratnieks FLW. (2015) Public approval plus more wildlife: twin benefits of reduced mowing of amenity grass in a suburban public park in Saltdean, UK. Insect Conservation and Diversity 8: 107-119.

Gardner P. (2011) Natural neighbourhood networks - Important social networks in the lives of older adults aging in place. Journal of Aging Studies 25: 263-271.

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Gaston KJ, Smith RM, Thompson K, & Warren PH. (2005) Urban domestic gardens (II): experimental tests of methods for increasing biodiversity. Biodiversity & Conservation, 14, 395-413.

Gaston KJ, Davies TW, Bennie J and Hopkins J. (2012) Reducing the ecological consequences of night-time light pollution: options and developments. Journal of Applied Ecology 49: 1256-1266.

Gatrell A. (2013) Therapeutic mobilities: walking and ‘steps’ to wellbeing and health. Health and Place 22: 98-106.

Gidlow C and Ellis N. (2011) Neighbourhood green space in deprived urban communities: issues and barriers to use. Local Environment 16: 989-1002.

Goddard MA, Dougill AJ and Benton TG. (2010) Scaling up from gardens: biodiversity conservation in urban environments. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 25: 90-98.

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Hitchings R. (2013) Studying the preoccupations that prevent people from going into green space. Landscape and Urban Planning 118: 98-102.

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Hodgson JA, Moilanen A, Wintle BA, & Thomas CD. (2011) Habitat area, quality and connectivity: striking the balance for efficient conservation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 48, 148-152.

Hodgson JA, Thomas CD, Wintle BA, & Moilanen A (2009) Climate change, connectivity and conservation decision making: back to basics. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46, 964-969.

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Husk K, Lovell R, Cooper C, Stahl-Timmins W and Garside R. (2016) Participation in environmental enhancement and conservation activities for health and well-being in adults: a review of quantitative and qualitative evidence. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 5: doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010351.pub2.

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Evidence Report Card Weblinks

Web-links in Card 1:

Cornwall Council’s Public Open Space Standards: https://www.cornwall.gov.uk/environment-and-planning/parks-and-open-spaces/open-space-strategy-standards/

A series of evidence briefings produced for Natural England examining the strength of the existing evidence concerning the benefits of natural environments for human health and wellbeing: https://beyondgreenspace.wordpress.com/2016/07/15/natural-england-evidence-summaries/

A programme of work completed for Natural England with the aim of capturing the cultural services and experiential qualities of landscape: http://publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/48001

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A series of studies completed by Forest Research (Forestry Commission) to understand the social value of woodlands in the UK: http://www.forestry.gov.uk/fr/INFD-9Q4FC8

Web-links in Card 2:

Natural England’s Accessible Natural Greenspace Standard (ANGSt): http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140605090108/http:/publications.naturalengland.org.uk/publication/40004?category=47004

Comprehensive outdoor access and inclusive design guidance produced by the Sensory Trust: http://www.sensorytrust.org.uk/information/factsheets/what-is-inclusive-design.html and http://www.sensorytrust.org.uk/information/factsheets/outdoor-access-1-paths.html.

Web-links in Card 3:

Advice produced by CABE Space about park management in economically challenging times: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110118095356/http:/www.cabe.org.uk/files/managing-green-spaces.pdf

A suite of resources produced as part of NESTA’s ‘Rethinking Parks’ programme: http://www.nesta.org.uk/publications/learning-rethink-parks

Experiences of upskilling local volunteers to participate in green space design and management activities in Bristol (http://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/bristol-parkwork-what-weve-learnt) and Lincoln (http://www.hillholtwood.co.uk/about/hill-holt-wood/).

Fabian Society Report, ‘Places to be: green spaces for active citizenship’: http://www.fabians.org.uk/publications/places-to-be/

Opportunities for introducing urban meadows into existing green spaces, as illustrated by Burnley Borough Council: http://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/burnley-go-park-project-highlights

Living With Environmental Change policy briefing on improving urban grassland for people and wildlife: http://www.nerc.ac.uk/research/partnerships/ride/lwec/ppn/ppn32/

Tools for public participation, including community mapping tools (https://communitymaps.org.uk/welcome), web-based ‘softGIS’ (https://maptionnaire.com), and mobile apps allowing people to map their experiences, photos, videos etc. (e.g. Ramblr app: http://www.ramblr.com/web/main or Ubipix: http://www.ubipix.com)

The CABE Spaceshaper toolkit; a practical participatory process used to engage communities in discussions about their local green spaces: http://www.designcouncil.org.uk/resources/guide/spaceshaper-users-guide

The ‘Connected Communities’ programme, initiated by the Royal Society of Arts, discussing the use of social network mapping to identify typically overlooked community members: https://www.thersa.org/discover/publications-and-articles/reports/power-lines and http://www.climateaccess.org/sites/default/files/Rowson_Connected%20Communities.pdf

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The ‘Neighbourhoods Green’ initiative, including a range of online resources to support engagement of social housing residents in the design and management of shared green spaces within their living environments: http://www.neighbourhoodsgreen.org.uk/resources

A piece by NESTA explaining why changes introduced to and by local government need to be about more than money: http://www.nesta.org.uk/blog/why-local-government-change-needs-be-about-more-money

Guidance in designing Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS): https://www.cambridge.gov.uk/sites/default/files/docs/SUDS-Design-and-Adoption-Guide.pdf

A case study of the design and development of the Derbyshire Street Pocket Park SuD system in Bethnal Green, London: http://worldlandscapearchitect.com/derbyshire-street-pocket-park%E2%80%A8-london-uk-greysmith-associates/#.V68QY2U4kdU

A case study of resilient urban greening via biomimicry - the ‘Green Living Room’ initiative in Germany: http://www.turas-cities.org/urban_regions/36/news_articles

Web-links in Card 4:

Sensory gardens and trails incorporated within country parks, such as the Ryton Pools Country Park in Warwickshire (http://countryparks.warwickshire.gov.uk/sensory/), seasonal ‘scented’ gardens in Carnfunnock Country Park in Northern Ireland (http://www.midandeastantrim.gov.uk/culture-leisure-tourism/carnfunnock-country-park/activities-and-attractions/attractions-at-carnfunnock), and a barefoot ‘Wake up your Feet’ trail and blindfolded pathway at Les Jardins de Broceliande in France (http://www.jardinsdebroceliande.fr/en/parcours-sensoriels.php).

A design framework and guidance for introducing sensory-rich trails to public open spaces: http://www.sensorytrust.org.uk/resources/sensory-rich_trails.pdf

Opportunities to ‘green’ small-scale social areas via the introduction of urban ‘parklets’: http://pavementtoparks.org/parklets/

A network linking up the growing ‘Incredible Edible’ community food growing movement across the UK: http://incredibleediblenetwork.org.uk

A briefing produced by the Parliamentary Office for Science and Technology about environmental citizen science initiatives: http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/POST-PN-476

The Open Air Laboratories (OPAL) Network, linking up and sharing findings emerging from environmental citizen science initiatives across the UK: https://www.opalexplorenature.org