3 June 2004Mitsuji Matsumoto

GITS, Waseda University

Evolution for Optical Wireless Communications in Personal Area Network Environment

1st Generation IrDA

A personal digital assistants (PDA) boom was occurred at 1990s. Newton, electronic notebook, Personal Communicator, etc.

Desktop PC

Printer

Mobile PC

Infrared Technology was used widely for remote control of TV-set, a stereo, an air-conditioner, etc.

File transfer

Print out

(ＰＣ Based Point and Shoot)To make De facto-standardization,The IrDA consortium was establishedin 1993.

Concept of 1st Generation IrDA

Realization of Connectivity around Note PC (Users Model)Point and shoot (Beam) Develop IrDA Standard Protocol （Introduce the HDLC Technology)Low Cost, Quick InplementationNo Regulation, No IPR

Main Application for recent Infrared Transmission

Personal Data InterchangevCardvMessageiMelodyvBookmarke-Squirt

PDI Application

Beam URL asInternet shortcut

Personal Data printingvCardvCalendar

e-mail printingvMessage

Printing Application

Phone book Sync.vCard

Schedule AlertvCalendar

Sync. Application

Internet Provider Accesse-mailInternet, Network connectioni-mode Mail using vMessageBraising of large screenSimple EditingData storage

Network Application

Universal connection

Appearance of Bluetooth 1998

＆

Cable replacement

Ad-hoc Network

Data/Voice AP

ＩｒＤＡ

Point and Beam

The Main Features IrDA & Bluetooth

SIR

FIR

IrDA Control

VFIR

UFIR

S (bps)

115K

4M

16M

100M

1 5+ meters 0.2

75K

2

IrDA

Dat

a R

ate

Distance

(PDI)

(Instant Connectivity)

Bluetooth (PAN)

(Communication Space)

Infrared Transmission speed, Time and Coverage range

SFIRVFIRFIR

Multi channel Video

Compressed Video Picture

Cover Range (m)

115.2k 4 M 16 M 100 M

10

Data Speed (bps)

1

5

VFIR UFIR0.2

Time (sec)

20 Sec

Several Minutes

Several 10 sec.

Holding IR Device

Setting IR Device

FIR

2.4ｋ

Still Picture (B&W)

Still Picture (Color)

Transmission timeTransmission time

75k

SIR

IrDA ControlIrDA Control

Test and Writing

IrDA DataIrDA Data

Compressed Still Picture (Color)

SIR

Progress ofProgress of IrDA 2nd Generation2nd Generation

Point and Shoot : High Speed extensionUFIR, IrBurstNetworking : Sever and Client Model IrFM

The last ONE meter Solution

Gigabit Back-bone network

1 meter

No High speed Download, Upload Interface wireless technology for Multimedia or Music data at this momentIrBurst SIG

DevicesKiosk Gateway

Development of Technology

High speed Physical Layer: UFIRHigh Throughput Protocol: IrBurst

Eye Safe Laser Diode

LD tip

Heat sink

LD packageLight diffuser

Diffused light

•the spot size:1000 times•measured beam diameter:4mm•100Mbps/1m

7.5mm

Frequency characteristic result according to the distance of LD and LED

-60.00

-55.00

-50.00

-45.00

-40.00

-35.00

-30.00

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

周波数 [MHz]

20log|S21| [dB]

10 100 1000

Frequency (MHz)

LD (10cm)

LD (20cm)

LED (10cm)

LED (20cm)

Fig. 1

Experiment

Evolution of Cellular Service(by NTTDoCoMo)

Creation of New Value (by NTTDoCoMo)

Create one Worldwide standard for “Real eCommerce”IrFMIrFM (Infrared Financial Messaging)(Infrared Financial Messaging)

Travelers checkPersonal check

Credit Cards

Mileage Cards

Debit Cards

IrFMIrFMCAT/POS/DEBITCAT/POS/DEBIT

TerminalsTerminals

IrFMIrFMPDA, Cell phone, watch, etc.PDA, Cell phone, watch, etc.

Combine real financial transactions and short distance connectioCombine real financial transactions and short distance connections ns

Example for Infrared Transmission(by NTTDoCoMo)

Cell phone – Vending ExampleItems can be purchased from a vending machine(tickets, coupons, town information)

MeritsValue added features for Vending Machines (larger amounts can be billed)Purchase items can be selected in advance on the cell phone(no lines)Can be used in other non vending machine devices (Info Kiosks etc.)IssuesCell phone operation is cumbersome(how do we accommodate all age groups)IrDA Cell phones can implement IrFMeasily

2 dimensionalbar codes

Mobile commerce (Cmode NTT DoCoMo / Coca-Cola)

Handsets compatible with External Interface(by NTTDoCoMo)

Applicable field for Optical Wireless Technology

IrDA

IrDA

BluetoothBluetooth™™

PersonalPersonal

HIPERLANHIPERLAN(ETSI)(ETSI)

Enterprise Office

HomeRFHomeRF

IEEE802.11xIEEE802.11xHome Office

ConnectivityConnectivity NetworkingNetworking

••Low CostLow Cost••LAN SpeedsLAN Speeds••PointPoint--toto--PointPoint••ConsciousConscious••PrivatePrivate••Short RangeShort Range

••Moderate CostModerate Cost••3G/DSL Speeds3G/DSL Speeds••MultiMulti--pointpoint••UnconsciousUnconscious••Public GroupPublic Group••Medium RangeMedium Range

••High CostHigh Cost••LAN SpeedsLAN Speeds••MultipointMultipoint••Network ProtocolsNetwork Protocols••Data CentricData Centric••Enterprise WGEnterprise WG••Long RangeLong Range

••Very High CostVery High Cost••Ultra SpeedUltra Speed••MultipointMultipoint••Network ProtocolsNetwork Protocols••Data (Primary)Data (Primary)••Enterprise WGEnterprise WG••Long RangeLong Range

(1998-2003)

(1993-)

Per

form

ance

Per

form

ance

Attributes, CostAttributes, Cost••Moderate CostModerate Cost••LAN SpeedsLAN Speeds••MultipointMultipoint••Network ProtocolsNetwork Protocols••Voice & DataVoice & Data••Work Group (WG)Work Group (WG)••Long RangeLong Range

(1998 -)

Hivision Optical wireless Video transmission system

Receiver

Transmitter

１．２５Ｇｂｐｓ

Optical Transmitter

Optical Receiver

by JVC

Next Generation Infrared Killer Application

IrRADIO Receiver10Mbytes Capacity MP3 decoder player

IrRADIO Transmitter500kbyte/sec MP3 and Java Objects

Infrared Radio (IrRadio/IrShower) Application•Broadcast MP3, Java (Infrared Downstream data)•Use IrDA FIR physical layer and IrBRC Protocol

Roadmap for Indoor Optical Wireless Communication

Year

10Mbps

100Mbps

１Gbps

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

LED

16Mbps

UFIrIrBurst100Mbps

100Mbps

10Mbps

1Gbps

LED

115kbps

Spee

d

Diffusion LD

Diffusion LD

Conclusion

IrDA 100Mbps is usefulness for the Interface of High speed Large volume download. In the Personal Area Network environment, many technologies are available and each Technology has proper applicable field.These PAN Technologies will be supported by the PDA or Cellular phone.These approach will be started from Japan