Ewrt 1AClass 2

Agenda

Presentation: Four Sentence Types Discussion: review for essay #1 In-Class Writ ing: In Class Essay

#1

Types of Sentences

1. Simple2. Compound3. Complex4. Compound-complex

#1: Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one subject

and one verb I like to study grammar.

A simple sentence is also called an independent clause.

An independent clause ends with a period or semicolon.

Simple Sentences Examples: Carol’s sweater is red. You and Alex need to be quiet. Ms. Bennett did a cartwheel

and a backflip.

#2: Compound Sentence A compound sentence is made up of

two or more simple sentences joined by one of the following:

A comma and a coordinating conjunction I like to study grammar, and I love this class.

A semicolon I like to study grammar; I love this class.

A semicolon and an adverbial conjunction I like to study grammar; therefore, I love this class.

Coordinating Conjunctions

Coordinating Conjunctions are used to join together two independent clauses.

Examples: For And Nor But Or Yet So

Two independent clauses joined together

I love you, and you love me.

Independent clause

Independent clause

Semicolons

“If the relation between the ideas expressed in the main clauses is very close and obvious without a conjunction, you can separate the clauses with a semicolon” (Little, Brown Handbook, 9th Edition, p. 361).

COMPOUND SENTENCE:SEMICOLON

Kelsey has benefited from her writing exercises; she has good grammar and

punctuation.

Tiffany works in San Francisco; she runs The Duck.

Elaine pays attention in class; she takes copious notes.

COMPOUND SENTENCE:adverbial conjunctions

MOREOVER

HOWEVER

NEVERTHELESS

OTHERWISE

THEREFORE

COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Thomas is cool; moreover, he is fashionable.

Luke’s grandmother buys him sweaters; however, he does not wear them.

Clause 1 Clause 2

Independent Independent

#3: Complex Sentence#3: Complex Sentence A complex sentence is a simple

sentence (independent clause) to which a part of a sentence (dependent clause) has been added. Because I l ike to study grammar, I

love this class. I love this class because I l ike to study

grammar.

A dependent clause joined to an independent clause. (The dependent clause needs the rest of the

sentence for support.)

Because you love me, I love you.

Dependent clause

Independent clause

A dependent clause contains a subject and verb. It begins with a subordinating conjunction, and thus it does not express a completed thought. A dependent clause is also called a subordinate clause.

Dependent clauses, like babies, cannot stand alone.

Because you love me.

Fragment!

A Tip on Punctuation Since dependent clauses are only part

of a sentence, you can never connect them to another sentence with a semicolon. Semicolons are only used between two independent clauses. I have loved you for years ; although I

never admitted it. I have loved you for years, although I never

admitted it. OK

No!

Common Subordinating (Dependent) Conjunctions

after even if now that that where

although even though

once though whereas

as if rather than unless wherever

as if whenever since until whetherbecause in order

thatso that when which

before than in case while

Complex Sentences Examples:

When Trey was little, he played with blocks.

After class, good students study. If I pass 1A, I will take 1B. Use the stairs in case of fire. Ava stands at the bottom of the cliff

while the climber moves up the rock.

#4: Compound/Complex Sentence#4: Compound/Complex Sentence A compound/complex sentence is the

last and most complicated type of sentence.

It contains at least one dependent clause and at least two independent clauses.

A dependent clause added to two or more independent clauses

Because we are a family, I love you, and you love me.

2 independent clauses

Dependent clause

Compound Complex SentencesExample:

Laura forgot her friend’s birthday, so she sent her a card when she finally remembered.

Simple Compound

Complex Compound/complex

Every sentence in English fits into one of these four categories:

Think You’ve Got It? 1 independent clause = simple sentence

Don’t’ forget: These can have compound subjects and predicates!

2 independent clauses = compound sentence

1 or more dependent clause + 1 independent clause = complex sentence

2 or more independent clauses + 1 or more dep. clause = compound complex sentence

Let’s Review…

Simple, Compound, or Complex? The teacher walked into the classroom,

greeted the students, and took attendance.

Simple, Compound, or Complex? The teacher walked into the classroom,

greeted the students, and took attendance.

SIMPLE: Subject: “the teacher” Compound Predicate: “walked into the

classroom, greeted the students, and took attendance.”

Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football while Juanita went

shopping.

Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football while Juanita went

shopping. COMPLEX

Independent Clause: Juan played football Subordinate Clause: while (subordinating

conjunction) Juanita went shopping.

Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football, yet Juanita went

shopping.

Simple, Compound, or Complex? Juan played football, yet Juanita went

shopping. COMPOUND

Juan played football, yet (coordinating conjunction)

Juanita went shopping.

Simple, Compound, or Complex? After Reggie passed the test, he went

to the bar to celebrate!

Simple, Compound, or Complex? After Reggie passed the test, he went

to the bar to celebrate! COMPLEX

After (subordinating conjunction) Reggie passed the test,

he went to the bar to celebrate!

CONGRATULATIONS!

YOU NOW KNOW EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW

• To write anything you want to write

• Any way you want to write it

• And still get the punctuation right each time!

HOMEWORK Read: HG through chapter 2. SMG 16-38 Study: Vocab (chapters 1 and 2). Post #2: If your last name begins with the letter A-I, answer the

questions in the “Analyzing Writing Strategies” section after the Dillard essay on pages 25-26.

If your last name begins with the letter J-Q, answer the questions in the “Analyzing Writing Strategies” section after the Wolff essay on page 31-32.

If your last name begins with the letter R-Z, answer the questions in the “Analyzing Writing Strategies” section after the Bragg essay on page 36-37.

Bring: SMG

This chapter features four narrative essays like those we will be writing in class. As you read, pay attention to the structure of each. In particular, notice the margin notes in the essay, “Calling Home,” by Jean Brandt.

Read The St. Martin’s Guide to Writing, pages 16-38: Do the Reading!

If you don’t yet have the text, you can read these pages on the website under, “primary texts,” and, “Remembering an Event: St. Martin’s Guide.”

To best learn new words, use these steps: Make vocabulary cards by printing the word

on one side of a 3x5 card and the definition on the other side.

Use the words in your writing—either in your journal entries or in your drafting.

Use the words when you speak—either in class or out of class, if the opportunity arises.

Remember, there will be quizzes and tests on these words. Bring your cards to class.

Learning Vocabulary

Vocabulary: Make Cards! Chapter 1

1. Entrails 2. Reaping 3. Apothecary 4. Iridescent 5. Paraffin 6. Meager 7. Racketeers8. Sustenance 9. Tribute 10. Repentance

Chapter 21. Synonymous 2. Tenuous

In-Class Essay #1

You may use only these tools:Pen or #2 Pencil

Blue BookYour Own, Original One-page Outline

Remember to include: An introduction: Description or narrative A thesis statement: At the end of your introduction Body paragraphs for each subject A topic sentence for each paragraph Examples and explanation for why you chose each item Examples and explanation for the items that you didn’t

choose A conclusion: maybe a prediction of your future in the woods

or some other way to bring closure to your essay

The Essay Question Write an essay arguing for the supplies you have chosen to

take with you into the wild. Present the issue to readers, and develop an argument for the purpose of confirming, challenging, or changing your readers’ views on which supplies are the most important for survival.

Your final essay should be around 500 words. This will be around four pages, hand written. This, of course, is an estimate. Handwriting varies greatly. Between three and six pages will likely be the norm for this essay.

Good Luck! May the odds be ever in your favor