Exam adn, population, cof l, evo, 11 dp marksheme

EJE 1 All statements baccalaureate international 2011 ©

Student:

Biology

Standard Level

Paper III

1 hour 30 minutes

Tuesday 06 December 2011

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.

Answer all the questions.

Answer all in the spaces provided.

Use pen only

Use clear handwriting

Paper I

Paper II

Puntos Nota 20-20 7 17-19 6 14-16 5 12-13 4 8-11 3 4-7 2 1-3 1

Puntos Nota 36-36 7 30-35 6 25-29 5 19-24 4 12-18 3 6-11 2 0-5 1


1. The t-test is used to test the statistical significance of a difference. What is that difference?

A. Between observed and expected results

B. Between the means of two samples

C. Between the standard deviation of two samples

D. Between the size of two samples

2. What does the following scatter graph show?

A. No correlation between these variables

B. Strong positive correlation between these variables

C. Strong negative correlation between these variables

D. Weak negative correlation between these variables


3. Which molecule is shown below?

A. Glucose

B. Galactose

C. Ribose

D. Sucrose

4. What is replicated by a semi-conservative process?

A. Messenger RNA (mRNA) only

B. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) only

C. Messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) and DNA only

D. DNA only

5. If 15 % of a sample of DNA is thymine, what percentage of the DNA is guanine?

A. 15 %

B. 30 %

C. 35 %

D. It cannot be determined from the information given.

6. On which molecule is a codon found?

A. Polypeptide

B. mRNA

C. tRNA

D. rRNA


7. Which of the following processes produces CO2?

I. Glycolysis

II. Alcohol (ethanol) fermentation

III. Lactic acid production

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II only

D. I, II and III

8. Which structure releases glucagon?

A. α cells of the pancreas

B. β cells of the pancreas

C. Liver cells

D. Hypothalamus

9. Which process tends to reduce variety within a population?

A. Natural selection

B. Random fertilization

C. Independent assortment

D. Crossing over

10. The diagram below shows a population growth curve.

At which time in the population growth curve does the population size begin to decline?

A Between the time marked 1 and 2

B. During the time marked 2

C Between the time marked 2 and 3

D. The graph does not show a time when population size declines


11. The graph below shows variation in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere as measured at

Mauna Loa in Hawai’i. The small inset graph shows the variations in CO2 during a one year period.

Why does the amount of CO2 fall between April and August?

A. Seasonal increase in the rate of photosynthesis in the northern hemisphere forests

B. Seasonal decrease in the rate of photosynthesis in the northern hemisphere forests

C. Seasonal decrease in the rate of fossil fuel consumption

D. Seasonal increase in the amount of CO2 dissolved in the oceans

12. The scarlet cup fungus (Sarcoscyphacoccinea) obtains its nutrition from decaying wood by

releasing digestive enzymes into the wood and absorbing the digested products.

Which of the following terms describe(s) the fungus?

I. Autotroph

II. Heterotroph

III. Saprotroph

A. III only

B. II and III only

C. I and III only

D. I, II and III

13. Which enzymes are needed to incorporate genes into plasmids to create recombinant plasmids?

A. DNA polymerase and ligase

B. DNA polymerase and restriction enzymes

C. Restriction enzymes and ligase

D. Helicase and restriction enzymes


14. What could be achieved by DNA profiling using gel electrophoresis?

A. The chromosome number of an organism could be counted.

B. It could be shown that human tissue found at the site of a crime did not come from a person

suspected of having committed the crime.

C. A karyotype could be produced.

D. Extinct species of living organisms could be brought back to life.

15. Which of the following colours of light is absorbed the most by chlorophyll?

A. Blue

B. Green

C. Yellow

D. Orange

16. What is placed into the uterus after the process of in vitro fertilization (IVF)?

A. Eggs

B. Sperm

C. Embryos

D. Fetuses

17. Which diagram represents the polarity of a water molecule?

Correct B

18. Which of these molecules is a disaccharide?

A. Galactose

B. Sucrose

C. Cellulose

D. Ribose


19. What is a codon?

A. A sequence of nucleotides on rRNA that corresponds to an amino acid

B. A sequence of nucleotides on mRNA that corresponds to an amino acid

C. A sequence of nucleotides on tRNA that corresponds to an amino acid

D. A sequence of nucleotides on DNA that corresponds to an amino acid

20. What happens as an enzyme becomes denatured?

A. The enzyme works faster.

B. The enzyme works slower.

C. The enzyme can perform a new role.

D. The enzyme can make the reverse reaction proceed faster

21. What happens during the pathway of glycolysis?

A. Glucose is broken down into pyruvate.

B. Carbon dioxide is produced.

C. More ATP is consumed than is produced.

D. Lactic acid is produced.

22. What is light energy used for during photosynthesis?

A. To produce carbon dioxide

B. To produce water molecules

C. To produce ATP

D. To break down sugar molecules

23. Which process is used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

A. Transcription

B. Translation

C. Replication

D. Mutation


24. The following diagram shows part of a food web from Yellowstone Park.

What would be the short-term effects on the populations of the other species if the gray wolf

were exterminated?

Correct D

25. Population growth, as shown by the curve below, is the result of changes in mortality, natality,

immigration and emigration. Which of the following statements about population growth is

correct?


A. In phase I there is no mortality.

B. In phase II mortality equals natality and immigration equals emigration.

C. In phase II mortality and emigration are less than natality and immigration.

D. In phase III mortality and emigration are less than natality and immigration


Paper II

Models predict global warming will cause sea temperatures to rise by approximately2 °C

by 2100. An investigation was carried out to study the effect of slight increases in

temperature on the ability of Antarctic marine molluscs to carry out basic activities

essential for survival.

The graph below shows the effect of temperature on the percentage of limpets

(Nacellaconcinna) able to right themselves after being turned over.

a. Outline what the two parts of the scientific name Nacellaconcinnarefer to.[1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

b. State the relationship between temperature and the percentage righting in N. concinna[1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

c. Estimate the percentage change of N. concinnaable to right themselves when the

temperature is raised from 0 ºC to 2.5 ºC. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. (This question continues on the following page)


(Question 1 continued)

d. At present, the maximum summer temperature in the normal Antarctic environment of

this organism is 1ºC. Suggest what might be the effect on the survival of this organism

ifthe predicted rise in sea temperature due to global warming occurs.[2]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. a. Define population. [1]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

b. Draw a box diagram to show the effects of natality, mortality, immigration and emigration

on a population [5]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

c. State three factors that set limits to population growth. [3]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


3.a. Define enzyme and active site. [2]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

b. Explain enzyme–substrate specificity [3]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

c. State one role for each of the elements [5]

Sulphur

Calcium

Iron

Sodium

Phosphorus


Section B

4. Explain two examples of evolution as a response to environmental change. [6]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Outline the evidence for evolution provided by homologous structures. [6]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .



comparative anatomy of groups of animals or plants shows certain structural

features are basically similar;

homologous structures are those that are similar in shape in different types

of organisms;

structural similarities imply a common ancestry;

(homologous structures) used in different ways;

example is pentadactyl limb in vertebrates / modification of ovary wall or pericarp

to aid seed dispersal / other suitable example;

adapted to different mode of locomotion in particular environment / example of

two differences such as bat’s wing and human hand;

illustrates adaptive radiation since basic plan adapted to different niches;

the more exclusive the shared homologies the closer two organisms are related;

certain homologous structures in some species with no apparent function such as

human appendix (homologous with functional appendix in herbivores); [6 max]

3.1.3 State one role for each of the elements


State means to give a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation.

Sulphur which is an important element in some amino acids.

Calcium which is found in bones / Teeth

Iron which is to be found in haemoglobin (animal)

Sodium which is needed for a nerve impulse

Phosphorus found in cell membrane structures

(a) first name/Nacellarefers to the genus and the second name/concinnarefers to

the species [1]

(b) negative correlation/inversely proportional/as temperature increases the percentage

righting in N. concinnadecreases [1]

(c) percentage of N. concinnaable to right themselves decrease by 50% / decreases

from 95% to less than 50% / less than half able to right themselves [1]

(d) model suggests two degree rise in temperature which would mean summer

temperatures of 3ºC;

at this temperature less than 50% of organisms able to carry out basic behaviour;

decreased survival of species / decreased ability to avoid predation; [2

3.6.1 Define enzyme and active site.(1)

Define means to give the precise

meaning of a word, phrase or physical quantity.

globularproteins

catalysts which speed up

biological reactions

unchangedbythereaction

specifictotheirsubstrate

active site is the position

on the enzyme occupied by the substrate

affectedbytemperature and pH


3.6.2 Explain enzyme–substrate specificity. (3)

Explain means to give a

detailed account of

causes, reasons or

mechanisms.

a) Large globular protein enzyme

b) Active Site where the

substrate combines to the enzyme

c)Substrate which fits

the active site

d) Activated complex.

The substrate is

weakened to allow the reaction.

e)Unchanged enzyme/ re-used at low concentrations

f) Product of the reaction

otherkeypoints from the hypothesis:

The active site is often composed of open loops of polar amino acids on the exterior of the enzyme molecule.

Enzyme specificity is due to the complementary shape of the active site and the substrate.

Enzymes work at low concentrations because they are unaffected by the reaction and can return for more substrate.

Date post:	11-Jul-2015
Category:	Technology
Upload:	galaxia-mercury
View:	274 times
Download:	0 times

Exam adn, population, cof l, evo, 11 dp marksheme

Technology