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Exam taking: Art or Exam taking: Art or Science?Science?
Nikki HeathNikki Heath
Symbiotics LtdSymbiotics Ltd
The Pony ClubThe Pony ClubInstructors ConferenceInstructors Conference
StatementsStatements
Some exams can naturally de-Some exams can naturally de-select/select a particular type.select/select a particular type.
Some people are good exam Some people are good exam takers but are less effective in the takers but are less effective in the working or performing working or performing environmentenvironment
Some exams do not test the Some exams do not test the appropriate skill sets for effective appropriate skill sets for effective long term performancelong term performance
Good Examinees: Born or Good Examinees: Born or Made?Made?
Ability to feel they can change situation – Ability to feel they can change situation – not a victim of fate not a victim of fate
Self Efficacy/beliefSelf Efficacy/belief Perspectives – interpretation of events Perspectives – interpretation of events
and attributionand attribution Ability to manage uncertainty - Ability to manage uncertainty -
robustnessrobustness Ability to deal with criticism – resilienceAbility to deal with criticism – resilience Preparedness and attitude – self defeater Preparedness and attitude – self defeater
or perfectionistor perfectionist
Added kick for Added kick for equestrians…equestrians…
……..Effects of the horse!..Effects of the horse!
WhyWhy
Because..Because..
They add a large element of uncertainty… They add a large element of uncertainty… uncertainty is the biggest cause of anxietyuncertainty is the biggest cause of anxiety
Anxiety has a major impact on performanceAnxiety has a major impact on performance
Loss of performance impacts on Loss of performance impacts on confidence….confidence….
The horse reacts to confidence…The horse reacts to confidence…
Candidate differencesCandidate differences Personality differencesPersonality differences
• PerfectionistPerfectionist
• Self DefeaterSelf Defeater
Learning StylesLearning Styles• Technical Technical
• IntuitiveIntuitive
Background, experience Background, experience planning and training planning and training
Beliefs and style Beliefs and style • AttributionAttribution
• Anxiety typeAnxiety type
Cognitive and Physical Cognitive and Physical TasksTasks
Ability to sustain both effectively Ability to sustain both effectively under pressureunder pressure
Associated to learning styleAssociated to learning style Continuous open loop tasks heavily Continuous open loop tasks heavily
affected by intervention of thoughtaffected by intervention of thought Anxiety type – somatic or cognitiveAnxiety type – somatic or cognitive
Anxiety TypeAnxiety Type
Somatic signsSomatic signs• Tense and jerkyTense and jerky• HesitantHesitant• SweatingSweating• AggressiveAggressive
Cognitive signsCognitive signs• Joking and laughingJoking and laughing• Yawning and lethargicYawning and lethargic• Poor concentration Poor concentration
and focusand focus
Interpretation of Interpretation of BehavioursBehaviours
Stand OffishStand Offish Anxious – cognitive and somaticAnxious – cognitive and somatic
Low confidenceLow confidence
(Highly focussed) (Highly focussed)
Aggressive and rudeAggressive and rude Over/under confident - Over/under confident - perfectionistperfectionist
Anxious - somaticAnxious - somatic
External attributer External attributer
Rushing and stressyRushing and stressy Planning problemsPlanning problems
Lack of confidence and feeling Lack of confidence and feeling out of controlout of control
Laid back and friendly Laid back and friendly – but always late– but always late
Anxious – cognitiveAnxious – cognitive
Self defeater Self defeater
Exam ConflictsExam Conflicts
Personal Goals vs Exam GoalsPersonal Goals vs Exam Goals Personal Goals vs actual ability (dissonance)Personal Goals vs actual ability (dissonance) Preparation vs realityPreparation vs reality Perception of controlPerception of control Over confidence vs under confidentOver confidence vs under confident
• Equestrian proneness to self consciousnessEquestrian proneness to self consciousness Over prepared Over prepared
• Rigidity Rigidity • Violation of expectationViolation of expectation
The impact of the horseThe impact of the horse
A learning organism that is also A learning organism that is also affected by environment affected by environment
Is inconsistent and unpredictableIs inconsistent and unpredictable Can cause feelings of unequal Can cause feelings of unequal
playing field – creating anger or playing field – creating anger or despondencydespondency
The impact of the The impact of the examinerexaminer
Communication styleCommunication style Perceptions of candidate behaviourPerceptions of candidate behaviour Body languageBody language Perceptions by candidate of Perceptions by candidate of
examiner behaviourexaminer behaviour
Controllable Internal wind Controllable Internal wind upsups
Feeling of not belongingFeeling of not belonging Fear of opinion – Gamesmanship Fear of opinion – Gamesmanship Guilt – responsibility of expectation Guilt – responsibility of expectation Lack of self beliefLack of self belief Under horsed/under preparedUnder horsed/under prepared Over tired and under resourcedOver tired and under resourced Not in control – attribution and Not in control – attribution and
planningplanning
4 Cs of effective 4 Cs of effective performanceperformance
CommunicationCommunication ControlControl
• Planning and preparednessPlanning and preparedness• Self managementSelf management
ConfidenceConfidence• AnxietyAnxiety• AttributionAttribution• Self EfficacySelf Efficacy
CommitmentCommitment• Stickability and resilienceStickability and resilience
Strong CandidatesStrong Candidates
PreparednessPreparedness Fall back strategy and flexibilityFall back strategy and flexibility Ability to park problems or negative feelingsAbility to park problems or negative feelings Understanding of organisational issuesUnderstanding of organisational issues Understanding of own contribution to Understanding of own contribution to
problemsproblems Taking controlTaking control Understanding own personal triggers and Understanding own personal triggers and
flashpointsflashpoints
ExaminersExaminers
Preparedness and planningPreparedness and planning Effective communication Effective communication Even handednessEven handedness Understanding of the external issues Understanding of the external issues
if they have occurred – knowing if they have occurred – knowing when to be flexiblewhen to be flexible
Tolerance when faced with a display Tolerance when faced with a display of internally produced behavioursof internally produced behaviours
QuestionsQuestions