Examination methods in cardiology

doc. MUDr. Jaromír Chlumský

ISCHEMIA: EKG, stress test, cathetrisation

ARYTMIA: 24 h EKG monitoring electrofysiology

HYPERTENSION: 24h BP monitoring

FUNCTION of LV: echocardiography

3D echo

After stent implantation

Virtual histology

http://gateway.ut.ovid.com/gw1/ovidweb.cgi?View+Image=00003017-200609190-00019%7CFF7&S=IDNJHKOAOFDCKM00D&WebLinkReturn=Full+Text%3DL%7CS.sh.15.16.43.50%7C0%7C00003017-200609190-00019

MRI

http://content.nejm.org/content/vol357/issue26/images/large/10f1.jpeg

Karto system

Ankle Brachial Index

ABI: highly specific for leg artery stenosis > 50%, highly sensitive (95 %), takes 10 minutes, recommendedin important guidelines (AHA/ACC1, TASC II2 etc.)

1 Hirsch AT Circulation 2006;113:463-654. 2Norgren et al. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007;33(Suppl. 1):S1-S75.

To date, the ABI is the most effective, accurate and practical method of PAD detection (quick, easy, non invasive, cost effective)

Systolic blood pressure at ankle should be at least as high as pressure in the arm,

i.e. ankle brachial index > 1.0

If ankle pressure is lower than brachialpressure, stenosis is likely

i.e. ankle brachial index < 0.9 = PAD

0.90.70.5

Severe moderate mild boderline healthy__________PAD_____________________

1.0

BNP in patients with dyspnea

biomarkersTroponin – elevation after 6 h, T1/2 12 h

CK

CK MB - dg of recidive

Myoglobin – schort T1/2