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Examples of Energy Efficient buildings in Norway Energy Days in Burgas 29. September – 1. October 2016 [email protected] [email protected] www.energi.no
Examples of Energy Efficient buildings in Norway
Energy Days in Burgas 29. September – 1. October 2016
[email protected] [email protected]
www.energi.no
European policy framework on energy efficiency in buildings
Energy Efficiency directive (2012/27/EU) does not manage to
reach 20% reduction of energy performance by 2020 (9% by 2016).
Apprx. 40 % of all energy use is in buildings EU and Norway and it is still growing.
Significant potential for profitable energy savings, both in new and old buildings.
EU-directive (2002/91/EF) on Energy Performance in Buildings is the main
legislative act for energy performance in buildings
Minimum requirements to buildings and building code
Common calculation method
Certification of buildings
Inspection of boilers and air conditioners
Independence of experts
Norwegian Background “Green” electricity covers 80 % of energy use
in residential and non residential buildings in
Norway
High energy use at winter time because of
heating demands
Low energy use at summer time – mainly
electricity specific and water heating
Long before it was finally decided in Norway to
adopt the directive, Norway has worked on a
series of measures at the same time:
the revision of the building codes and the
energy requirements
the requirements of certifications and
technical inspections
New EPB directive (2010/31EU) has not yet
implemented in Norway
Main policy measures for energy efficiency in buildings in Norway
Implementation of parts of the EU Energy related directives
Energy Performance in Buildings buildings(2002/91/EF)
Eco-design / Eco-labelling concern household appliances
Voluntary Arrangements and support mechanisms
- Building codes
TEK10
- Energy Performance in Buildings Directives (2002/91/EF)
- Eco-design (2009/125/EF)/ Eco-labelling (2010/30/EU)
Voluntary Arrangements - and support mechanisms
Local initiatives -
Examples from Norway
• Powerhouse – Kjørbo – office building
• Passive house - Miljøhuset GK – office building
• Passive house - Apartment buildings, cooperatives
• Passive house – Small houses
Bergen, a city with widely spread district heating
Powerhouse Kjørbo Renovation of an old building to plus energy standard
• Definition of a Powerhouse A Powerhouse is a building that during it’s lifecycle produces more renewable energy than it consumes for production of building materials, construction, operation and demolition of the building.
• Energy concept – Consequent reduction of energy demand. – Energy wells supply heat and free cooling. – Recycling of heat from server room. – Two heat pumps operating at different temperatures,
energy from wells in the ground. – Local production of electricity.
Before…. Originally built: 1980 Area: 5,180 m2 Project start: January 2012 Completed: April 2014
‐ The building envelope is designed to fulfill passive house standard.
‐ Focus on thermal bridge avoidance ‐ Very good airtightness. ‐ Good utilization of daylight. ‐ External sun shading integrated in the façade. ‐ Reuse of materials. BREEAM certification: ‘Outstanding’
Energy performance Room heating
Heating of ventilation air
Hot water
Fans and pumps
Light
Other equipment
Cooling
PV electricity production
Measured
Calculated
Energy label A
Energy label C
Before rehabilitation
Energy purchase (kWh/m2/year)
Embodied energy in materials used
Photovoltaics on the roof
1550 m2 on the roof of building 4, building 5 and the roof of the garage. Calculated energy production: approx. 210 000 kWh/year Installed power: 312 kWp Criteria's for selection of PV-system 1.Energy performance (yearly energy production) 2.Embodied energy 3.Price
PV electricity production (green) and consumption (yellow), in kWh
Videofilm about Powerhouse Kjørbo
- an energy positive building in a life cycle perspective
Film:
https://youtu.be/JGYu1lp5tu0
https://www.youtube.com/embed/JGYu1lp5tu0
Miljøhuset GK
Background
• The building should be the most energy efficient building in Norway
• Only commercial applicable technologies should be used
• The building should be designed after the forthcoming standards for passive house buildings
• The additional investment should be profitable
Miljøhuset GK – Passive house
A Passive House is passive because passive efforts are
made to reduce the need for energy:
- The windows, the exterior walls, roof and floor towards
ground are extra well insulated
- The building shell is air-tight with few leaks
- Uses energy sources inside the building
- A balanced ventilation system assures heated exhaust air to be re-used
- Typically up to 90 % energy savings
Miljøhuset GK Technical solutions
Compact building
• No radiators / No panel ovens • Heating through ventilation
– Internal loads – Additional heat from heat
pump • Cooling through ‘heat pump’ • No leakages!
Heating / Cooling
• Combined air-to-air heat pumps/cooling machines
Miljøhuset GK Technical solutions - Ventilation – VAV
Miljøhuset GK Technical solutions – Building automation
Interaction and optimisation
Heat pumps / cooling machines
Individual zone control
Ventilation Water based energy distribution system
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Area: 14 300 m2
Construction period: Dec. 2010–May 2012
Calculated energy consumption: 67 kWh/m2 (average in Norway is 220)
BREEAM certification: ‘Very good’
Energy action Level from legislation Results Miljøhuset Consequences building performance
Floor on the ground 0,15 W/m2K 0,07 W/m2K 35 cm standard insulation
Exterior walls 0,15 W/m2K 0,14 W/m2K 40 cm standard insulation
Exterior roof 0,13 W/m2K 0,10 W/m2K 45 cm standard insulation
Windows and doors 0,80 W/m2K 0,78 W/m2K 3 layers, insulated frame
Heat recovery 80 % 88 %
Good rotating heat recoverer
Miljøhuset GK Summary – passive house
• Passive houses are neither difficult nor expensive to construct
• The standards are working very well
• The challenge is too operate the buildings in order to achieve the energy results that are calculated
• Competence among operation personnel is important
• Energy monitoring/management is crucial
Passive house - apartment buildings Etterstadtoppen Oslo
More and more common to build by passive house standards
• 5 floors, 2-, 3- and 4-rooms apartments.
• Water based heating system, mainly floor heating.
• Heat pumps deliver 60 % of total need for heat. The rest is grid electricity.
• Individual energy measuring for each apartment and separate bills.
• Regulation- and energy measure system, regulating indoor temperature, energy consumption, collecting energy data and presents the data for billing.
• Through extra insulation in walls and roof, super insulated windows, extra good air tightness, ventilation with increased heat recovery and self produced geothermal heat, the energy consumption is low.
• Apartments are in a central area of Oslo, with public transportation close by – even more environmental benefits.
Passive house area – varied types of houses
Biggest in the nordic countries - Trondheim
• 300 units; 17 small houses, 80 detached houses and 210 apartments.
• District heating for tap water and floor heating
• Energy saving equipment
• Extra insulation
• Heat recovery – 86 %, better than standard demand
• Locations to ensure much day light
• Tight building envelope
• Close to public transportation
• Collecting of waste through underground system to save transportation on streets
Gross Area: 28 000 m2 Energy use: 85 kWh/m2 per year Energy source: District heating/central heating – 39% of net usage
