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Exegin Q70 ZigBee IPv6/6LoWPAN Demonstration Architecture · 2018. 5. 22. · ZigBee IPv6 network....

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December 11, 2012 1 / 42 Exegin Q70 ZigBee IPv6/6LoWPAN Demonstration Architecture
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Page 1: Exegin Q70 ZigBee IPv6/6LoWPAN Demonstration Architecture · 2018. 5. 22. · ZigBee IPv6 network. In an effort to simulate the potential traffic of an SE2.0 network both Q70’s

December 11, 2012 1 / 42

Exegin Q70 ZigBee IPv6/6LoWPAN

Demonstration Architecture

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December 11, 2012 2 / 42

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Table of Contents Exegin Q70 ZigBee IP/6LoWPAN Demonstration Architecture ................................................... 4

Attach Q70 devices to network: ...................................................................................................... 6 Configuring the edge router and DAG root ................................................................................ 8 Configure the child device ........................................................................................................ 12 Setting a route to the radio side of the nodes ............................................................................ 15

Windows (7, 8)...................................................................................................................... 15

Linux ..................................................................................................................................... 16 Test connectivity ....................................................................................................................... 17

Security ......................................................................................................................................... 19 Wireshark .................................................................................................................................. 20

Enabled Protocols ................................................................................................................. 23

Wireshark test ........................................................................................................................... 25 Q70 Platform ................................................................................................................................. 27

Hardware Features .................................................................................................................... 27 Firmware Features .................................................................................................................... 27 Development Environment ....................................................................................................... 28 Dimensions ............................................................................................................................... 28

Weight ....................................................................................................................................... 28 Power Supply ............................................................................................................................ 28

Environmental ........................................................................................................................... 28 Q70 ZigBee IP Local Border router Web Management interface ................................................ 29

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 29

TCP/IP....................................................................................................................................... 29 Administration .......................................................................................................................... 30

Web pages from Management Interface ................................................................................... 31

Home ..................................................................................................................................... 31

ZigBee IP Setup .................................................................................................................... 32 ZigBee IP Security ................................................................................................................ 33 ZigBee IP Status ................................................................................................................... 34

TCP IPv4 ............................................................................................................................... 35 TCP IPv6 ............................................................................................................................... 36

TCP Status ............................................................................................................................ 37 Admin Status ......................................................................................................................... 38 Admin Password ................................................................................................................... 39

Admin Upgrade ..................................................................................................................... 40 Admin Restart ....................................................................................................................... 41

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Exegin Q70 ZigBee IP/6LoWPAN Demonstration Architecture

The purpose of the demonstration is to show the transit of IPv6 packets from a wired host to a

wireless 802.15.4 based end device using ZigBee IPv6 and 6LoWPAN transport.

The system will comprise a host computer capable of running IPv6 based HTTP applications,

which in this case could be a web browser or some other form of web client such as curl, and

two (2) Exegin Q70 Border router devices. The primary Q70 will serve as the router that

mediates between the wired side of the IPv6 network and the wireless

802.15.4/6LoWPAN/ZigBee IP side of the network. This device will also serve as the DAG root

for the ZigBee IP network. The second Q70 will be configured as child of the DAG root on the

ZigBee IPv6 network.

In an effort to simulate the potential traffic of an SE2.0 network both Q70’s will host http echo

servers, daemons that will echo any HTTP request sent to them thereby allowing the networked

host to send arbitrary traffic to the Q70s.

An example of the network setup is shown in the figure below:

Figure 0-1: IPv6 setup

In order to allow the “over-the-air” message traffic to be demonstrated and to allow for the

collection of other network diagnostic, Exegin has: a) Instrumented the IPv4 ports of the Q70 devices to provide network traffic timing data, and;

b) 802.15.4 Packet sniffers that allow the “over-the-air” traffic to be transmitted to a computer

running Wireshark, and open source protocol analyzer (Exegin provided the 802.15.4 and ZigBee

dissectors to community).

IPv6 Network

Q70 Configured as a ZigBee IP

Router

fd01::ff:fe00:3fd01::ff:fe00:2

Q70 Configured as a ZigBee IP

Local Border Router

fd00::2fd00::1

ZigBee IPv6 Domain

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The attendant protocol analysis network setup is shown in the figure below:

Figure 0-2: IPv4 analysis network

Similar configurations to this but with many more nodes were used to provide industry leading

analysis of the performance of larger network configurations. These configurations were used to

examine the network capacity under conditions of multiple unicast HTTP transactions and

multiple multicast transactions. The results of these studies were published in the context of the

ZigBee Alliance and can be share with interested parties under NDA.

IPv4 Network

192.168.0.2

192.168.0.1

Protocol Analyzer

192.168.0.3

192.168.0.254

Q70 Configured as a ZigBee IP

RouterQ70 Configured as a

ZigBee IP Local Border Router

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Attach Q70 devices to network:

Configuration for a simple IPv6 network including two Q70 ZigBee IP devices is shown below:

IPv6 Network

Q70 Configured as a ZigBee IP

Router

fd01::ff:fe00:3fd01::ff:fe00:2

Q70 Configured as a ZigBee IP

Local Border Router

fd00::2fd00::1

ZigBee IPv6 Domain

Figure 0-1: Prototype Wired to Wireless network

and will serve as a template for the remaining discussion.

Note the MAC addresses of the two Q70 devices, which should be on the devices’ labels, for

example:

1) 00:1c:da:00:30:77

2) 00:1c:da:00:30:78

Use browsers to connect to the web mgmt. interface of the first device; The URL is the automatic

link local address which is made out of the MAC address

1) [fe80::21c:daff:fe00:3077]

2) [fe80::21c:daff:fe00:3078]

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Configuring the edge router and DAG root

Choose one of the two devices to be the DAG root and the edge router (in this case we are

choosing …30:77. The next instruction will set that device up as the DAG root, i.e. the ZigBee

IPv6 network will form on it.

Go to the TCP/IP IPv6 Settings page (Username = root, Password is blank)

Enter fd00::2/64 and click Add. The network interface address should appear as shown and is the

Q70 wired global IPv6 address.

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You should be able to use ping to address the device at fd00::2

(Windows ping -6 fd00::2, Linux ping6 fd00::2)

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Using the browser again go to the ZigBee/IP Setup page.

Choose the Network interface, in this case the 2.4GHz radio.

Make sure that antennas are connected to the selected radio network interface.

2.4 GHz antenna port

10/100 Ethernet port

Sub. GHz antenna port

USB/ext. Power port

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Use the “Form a Network” section to set up the core parameters for the network to be formed.

When satisfied click the start button; this will start the ZigBee IP network.

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Configure the child device

Use the web browser to address the web management interface of the second device

Go to the ZigBee IP Setup page (Username=root Password is blank) and scroll down to the join

section.

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Select the channels that the device will scan for potential parents. Once satisfied click scan.

The Q70 will then scan for networks to join and list them in the Available Networks section.

Beside each entry will be the word Join or Join as (0x3778). Identify the network that the device

should join and click either of the two “join” words beside the entry. The node will then attempt

to join that network.

The join process takes some time (30-40 seconds) the state of the node in the network can be

seen on the node ZigBee IP Status page in the Routing Protocol section:

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The State will showed joined if the device has joined a network.

The two Q70 are now forming a ZigBee IP network.

The devices IPv6 radio addresses are

fd01::ff:fe00:3077

fd01::ff:fe00:3078

unless the DAG roots IP address was configure in a non-default way.

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Setting a route to the radio side of the nodes

Windows (7, 8)

Start a cmd window with administrative privilege, and then run netsh with the command

netsh interface ipv6 add address "Local Area Connection" fd00::1/64

to add an address to the "Local Area Connection" interface on a Windows machine. Then

netsh interface ipv6 add route fd01::/64 "Local Area Connection" fe80::21c:daff:fe00:3077

to add a route to the DAG root/ router.

The route can be displayed using

netsh interface ipv6 show route

Publish Type Met Prefix Idx Gateway/Interface Name

------- -------- --- ------------------------ --- ------------------------

No Manual 256 ::1/128 1 Loopback Pseudo-Interface 1

No Manual 8 2001::/32 16 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface

No Manual 256 fd00::/64 11 Local Area Connection

No Manual 256 fd00::1/128 11 Local Area Connection

No Manual 256 fd01::/64 11 fe80::21c:daff:fe00:3077

No Manual 256 fe80::/64 11 Local Area Connection

No Manual 256 fe80::/64 13 Wireless Network Connection

No Manual 256 fe80::/64 14 Wireless Network Connection 2

No Manual 256 fe80::/64 15 Wireless Network Connection 3

No Manual 256 fe80::/64 16 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface

No Manual 256 fe80::5efe:172.16.16.133/128 20 isatap.microplex.com

No Manual 256 fe80::241f:904e:55f6:2c89/128 15 Wireless Network Connection 3

No Manual 256 fe80::2810:1a63:47b8:707d/128 16 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface

No Manual 256 fe80::a480:cb5:2cc2:2086/128 13 Wireless Network Connection

No Manual 256 fe80::b83e:ce9f:371c:cb1/128 11 Local Area Connection

No Manual 256 fe80::dd08:d762:4a52:6c30/128 14 Wireless Network Connection 2

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Linux

From a terminal window use

ip addr add fd00::4/64 dev eth0

to add an address to the interface on the host. Then

ip -6 route add fd01::/64 via fe80::21c:daff:fe00:3077 dev eth0

to add a route to the DAG root/router Q70 device. Use the following to display the added route:

/sbin/route -A inet6

Kernel IPv6 routing table

Destination Next Hop Flag Met Ref Use If

fd01::/64 fe80::21c:daff:fe00:3077 UG 1 0 0 eth0

fe80::/64 :: U 256 0 0 eth0

::/0 :: !n -1 1 1 lo

::1/128 :: Un 0 1 2 lo

fe80::8aae:1dff:fe17:dfd/128 :: Un 0 1 0 lo

fe80::c646:19ff:fe2d:a31/128 :: Un 0 1 0 lo

ff00::/8 :: U 256 0 0 eth0

::/0 :: !n -1 1 1 lo

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Test connectivity

Disconnect the Ethernet cable to the child Q70 (…:30:78)

Ping 30:78 from the host machine

(Windows ping -6 fd01::ff:fe00:3078, Linux ping6 fd01::ff:fe00:3078)

C:\>ping -6 fd01::ff:fe00:3078

Pinging fd01::ff:fe00:3078 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from fd01::ff:fe00:3078: time=27ms

Reply from fd01::ff:fe00:3078: time=19ms

Reply from fd01::ff:fe00:3078: time=19ms

Reply from fd01::ff:fe00:3078: time=18ms

Ping statistics for fd01::ff:fe00:3078:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 18ms, Maximum = 27ms, Average = 20ms

Or

$ping6 fd01::ff:fe00:3078

PING fd01::ff:fe00:3078(fd01::ff:fe00:3078) 56 data bytes

64 bytes from fd01::ff:fe00:3078: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=652 ms

64 bytes from fd01::ff:fe00:3078: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=17.7 ms

64 bytes from fd01::ff:fe00:3078: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=25.9 ms

^C

--- fd01::ff:fe00:3078 ping statistics ---

3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms

rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 17.725/231.939/652.098/297.116 ms

Or point a browser at the device’s led page

Click the on/off buttons will cause one of the devices leds to turn on or off.

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Alternately, send variable length messages to the end node using the echo server.

http::/[fd01::ff:fe00:3078]/echo/[length]

where length is an integer number of characters that will be return in the GET response payload.

Alternate browsers or command line browser such as curl can be used as well.

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Security

From the Security tab from the ZigBee IP web management page of the Q70 acting as the DAG

root

Only the network key is needed by Wireshark. Both the IEEE 802.15.4 dissector and MLE

dissector use the same key and both need their "ZigBee IP hashed key" check-box checked.

The "link key" is actually a key only used when PSK authentication is being used. The two units

I gave you should not need this, because they should be using ECC and certs to authenticate.

Whether PSK or ECC is used for authentication, the network key stays the same. The network

key field on the web-page is only significant on the border-router; a joining node will be given

the network key as part of the authentication process. Also if you leave the network key field

blank, a Q70 unit operating as a border-router will randomize the network key on network start-

up.

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Wireshark

Also need to add Static address assignments on this page

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The information can be gathered from the ZigBee IP status page of the DAG root.

The MLE protocol preferences need to be set as well.

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Enabled Protocols

6LoWPAN

Ethernet

HTTP

IEEE802.15.4

IPv4

IPv6

TCP

UDP

ZEP

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Wireshark test

To configure the Q51 PANAlyser please see the Q51 documentation. Please use the included

custom build of wireshark that includes the latest version of the dissectors needed for 6LoWPAN

and other ZigBee IP network protocols.

Point a browser at the remote Q70’s led page

Click the on/off buttons will cause one of the devices leds to turn on or off.

Wireshark should display something like

where the HTTP exchange is clearly captured.

Right clicking on the HTTP packet item will allow the exchange to be displayed in more detail at

the TCP level. Right click then select “follow TCP Stream” to get

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Which will display the full “over the air” HTTP exchange between the host and the end node.

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Q70 Platform

Hardware Features

Atmel AT91SAM9G20 Processor (400MHz)

16MB SDRAM (4M x 32b)

4MB NOR Flash (2M x 16b)

512kB SPI Flash

Ethernet 10/100 interface

802.3af Power over Ethernet (PoE)

Any combination of up to two Atmel 802.15.4 radios:

AT86RF212

AT86RF231

RP-SMA connectors for external antennas

MicroSD card slot (on bottom side)

Micro-USB peripheral interface (external power)

Three dual-color LEDs

Optional RS-232 serial debug interface

Optional JTAG interface

Expansion SPI interface for daughter-card

Firmware Features

eCos Real Time Operating System

Discovery

jBoot Boot Loader

Web-page User Interface; layout and company logo can be easily changed

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Telnet User Interface; provides various diagnostic commands (e.g ping6)

User password authentication (two accounts root and guest)

Upgradable

Dual IPv4 and IPv6 support on the Ethernet side

DHCP/IPv4 client on Ethernet side

DNS Resolver

TLS 1.2

Multicast forwarding in and out of ZigBee-IP networks

Simple web-client for testing a ZigBee-IP network and/or Smart Energy 2.0

HTTP/S Server: can be accessed from Ethernet and ZigBee-IP networks

Simple commands to listen and/or send data on UDP or TCP ports for testing ZigBee-IP

networks

BSD Stack

ZigBee-IP Stack:

6LoWPAN Compression: supporting the latest compression scheme

6LoWPAN Neighbor Discovery: supporting address registration and Unreachability

Detection

Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks (RPL): supporting RPL source-

routing and objective functions 0 and 1

Mesh Link Establishment protocol (MLE)

PANA Authentication Server: supporting PSK and Certificate based authentication

Meshed Multicast Forwarding using the trickle-multicast mechanism

Development Environment

GNU gcc cross-compiler

GNU gdb debugger

Dimensions

Metric: 106mm L x 58mm W

Imperial: 4.2” L x 2.25” W

Weight

Board: 55g

Power Supply

External USB power supply or PoE

Environmental

-40C to +85C operating, 95% maximum humidity, non-condensing

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Q70 ZigBee IP Local Border router Web Management interface

Introduction

This document describes the web interface of the Q70 ZigBee-IP device. Technical bulletins,

downloads and user's manuals are available at Exegin Technical Support.

Password Protection

Many settings are protected by passwords so that only authorized users can make changes. For

more information, see the Passwords section.

Changing Settings

Changes to fields on a gray background only take effect after restart. Changes to all other

settings have an immediate effect on the device's operation.

TCP/IP

Configures general TCP/IP settings of the device.

Settings

IP Address Assignment

Default: Obtain an IP address automatically from a DHCP server.

The Q70 can be setup to use either a static IP address or a dynamic one that is configured using

DHCP/BOOTP requests.

Note that the static IP settings can be changed even when the static IP option is not selected.

However, the Static IP settings won't be used until the Static IP option is selected.

TCP Window Size

This adjusts how much network traffic data can be sent to the Q70 at any one time. It is

recommended that the default value of 2 MSS Packets be used to ensure compatibility with client

applications.

Status

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The TCP/IP Status page displays the network connection status.

Administration

System

Hostname, Location, Contact

Default: blank

User defined text for the Q70's hostname, location and contact person.

Passwords

Default: Blank passwords for root user (admin) and guest user

When opening a configuration page, the user name and password is required. Enter root followed

by the associated password when prompted. If there is no password, leave the field blank and

press ENTER.

Settings can only be altered by a user with root privileges. Guest users can only view settings.

Both types of users can be assigned passwords.

Upgrade

The Firmware Upgrade page allows firmware upgrades to the Q70 using a file residing on the

local system. Firmware upgrade files may be obtained from Exegin Technical Support. Simply

download the file and use the Firmware Upgrade form to upload the file to the Q70.

Restart

The Restart form allows you to either select Normal to restart the Q70 normally or Default to

restart the Q70 with factory default settings.

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Web pages from Management Interface

Home

Home ZigBee/IP | TCP/IP | Administration | Help

Q70 ZigBee IP Router

Check out our web site for product information, technical support, and downloads.

System Information

Hostname exgn001887

Location Dario's Desk

Contact

Serial

Number 0

Licensed

Options none

Firmware

Version 0.5.0d

Firmware

Date 2012/11/27 16:29

Uptime 0 days, 00:06:31

Copyright © 2009 exegin technologies limited. All rights reserved.

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ZigBee IP Setup

Home

ZigBee/IP | TCP/IP | Administration | Help

Setup | Security | Status

ZigBee IP Network Configuration

Network Interface

lpw 0 (2.4GHz)

Form a Network on lpw0

Channel PAN ID Network ID

15 0x

000E Exegin

RPL Instance Prefix IID/Short Address Multicast Forwarding

12

2002:db8::/64 ff:fe00:

1887 Enabled

Start

Save

Join a Network

900

MHz

Channels

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

2400

MHz

Channels

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

All

Channels Select All Clear All

ScanDuration 3

Available Networks

Copyright © 2012 exegin technologies limited. All rights reserved.

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ZigBee IP Security

Home

ZigBee/IP | TCP/IP | Administration | Help

Setup | Security | Status

ZigBee IP Security

Network Security

Pre-shared Key (in Hex)

CFCECDCCCBCAC9C8C7C6C5C4C3C2C1C0Show

Interface Network Key (in Hex)

lpw 0 (2.4GHz)

Security

Enabled

BFBEBDBCBBBAB9B8B7B6B5B4B3B2B1B0Show

Leave this empty, if you want random keys used.

Save

Copyright © 2012 exegin technologies limited. All rights reserved.

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ZigBee IP Status

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ZigBee/IP | TCP/IP | Administration | Help

Setup | Security | Status

ZigBee IP Status

Interface lpw0 (00:1C:DA:FF:FE:00:18:87 ) -- 6LoWPAN Context Table for lpw0 ---------------------------------------------

CID Prefix Flags Lifetime

Flags:

E=Encode,D=Decode,S=Static

-- 6LoWPAN Neighbor Table for lpw0 --------------------------------------------

Next-hop LLA ETX Type

State Expire

Interface lpw1 (00:1C:DA:FF:FE:00:18:87 ) -- 6LoWPAN Context Table for lpw1 ---------------------------------------------

CID Prefix Flags Lifetime

Flags:

E=Encode,D=Decode,S=Static

-- 6LoWPAN Neighbor Table for lpw1 --------------------------------------------

Next-hop LLA ETX Type

State Expire

Routing Protocol (RPL) -- DAG Information ------------------------------------------------------------

No DAGs

-- Routing Table --------------------------------------------------------------

Inst Destination Next-hop

If Type Prf Lifetime

Number of entries: 0

NOTE: This page refreshes every 30 seconds.

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TCP IPv4

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IPv4 Settings | IPv6 Settings | Status

TCP/IP Settings

Network Parameters Stored Settings Current

Settings

Network Interface

10/100Mbps Ethernet

00:1c:da:00:18:87

IP

Configuration

DHCP

BOOTP

STATIC

STATIC

IP Address 192.168.118.92 192.168.118.92

Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0

Gateway 172.16.1.254

192.168.118.25

4

DNS

DNS server

DNS Domain

Suffix

TCP TCP Receive

Window Size 2 MSS Packets

2 MSS Packets

Routing Table

Destination Mask Gateway

Submit Revert

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TCP IPv6

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IPv4 Settings | IPv6 Settings | Status

IPv6 Settings

Network Interface IPv6 Network Addresses

10/100Mbps Ethernet

00:1c:da:00:18:87 E.g.

fd01::1/64 Add

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TCP Status

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Settings | Status

TCP/IP Status

TCP Connections -- TCP COUNTERS ---------------------------------------------------------------

pkts rcvd: 1139 pkts sent: 1220

err pkts rcvd: 0 retransmissions: 0

conn attempts: 0 conn accepted: 59

-- TCP Sockets ----------------------------------------------------------------

SD PORT PROTOCOL RMT-HOST RMT-PORT STATE

6 23 Telnet (N/A) LISTEN

7 21 FTP (N/A) LISTEN

8 80 HTTP (N/A) LISTEN

9 443 HTTPS (N/A) LISTEN

10 61631 HTTP (N/A) LISTEN

11 1443 HTTPS (N/A) LISTEN

12 80 HTTP (N/A) LISTEN

18 80 HTTP 192.168.118.64 1813 ESTABLISHED

19 80 HTTP 192.168.118.64 1814 ESTABLISHED

20 80 HTTP 192.168.118.64 1815 ESTABLISHED

21 80 HTTP 192.168.118.64 1824 ESTABLISHED

23 80 HTTP 192.168.118.45 57404 ESTABLISHED

24 80 HTTP 192.168.118.45 57405 ESTABLISHED

25 80 HTTP 192.168.118.45 57406 ESTABLISHED

-- UDP Sockets ----------------------------------------------------------------

SD PORT PROTOCOL RMT HOST STATE

4 68 DHCP (N/A) LISTEN

5 9 MDMP (N/A) LISTEN

DHCP Information -- Network DHCP Status (IFNUM: 1) ---------------------------------------------

State: OFF

Server IP:

Server Id:

Lease duration: 0 days, 00:00:00

Renew duration: 0 days, 00:00:00

Rebinding duration: 0 days, 00:00:00

Time until renewal: N/A

Current Uptime: 0 days, 00:29:56

Requests sent: 0

Request retries: 0

Reply wait duration: N/A

Replies received: 0

Invalid Replies received: 0

Discoveries sent: 0

Renewals: 0

NOTE: This page refreshes every minute.

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Admin Status

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System | Passwords | Upgrade | Restart

System Information

Hostname exgn001887

Location Dario's Desk

Contact

Submit Revert

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Admin Password

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System | Passwords | Upgrade | Restart

Passwords

Root

Password Old: New: Confirm:

Guest

Password Old: New: Confirm:

Submit Clear ChangesNote: Reauthorization may be necessary after changing a password.

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Admin Upgrade

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System | Passwords | Upgrade | Restart

Firmware Upgrade

Current firmware version: 0.5.0d

Check for firmware updates at Exegin Technical Support

File to upload:

Upgrade Revert Note: The newly uploaded firmware will only take affect after restart.

After selecting a file to upload, press the Upgrade button once to begin the firmware upgrade process.

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Admin Restart

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System | Passwords | Upgrade | Restart

Restart

NOTE: The following actions will immediately shut down all services and restart the Q70 ZigBee-IP device

Restart Restart the Q70 ZigBee LBR

Default Restart the Q70 LBR Bridge with factory default settings

Copyright © 2012 exegin technologies limited. All rights reserved.

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