INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

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CAMBRIDGE NATIONALS

Exemplar Candidate Work

R012 Summer 2018 seriesVersion 1

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Unit R012 Exemplar Candidate WorkOCR Level 1/2 Cambridge Nationals in Information Technologies

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ContentsQuestion 3 4

Question 4 5

Question 5 7

Question 6 8

Question 7 9

Question 9 11

Question 10 13

Question 11(a) 15

Question 11(b) 16

Question 12(b) 17

Question 14(a) 19

Question 14(b) 20

Question 14(c) 21

Question 15(b) 23

Question 16(b) 25

Question 18 27

Question 20 30

Question 21 31

Unit R012 Exemplar Candidate WorkOCR Level 1/2 Cambridge Nationals in Information Technologies

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IntroductionThese exemplar answers have been chosen from the summer 2018 examination series.

OCR is open to a wide variety of approaches and all answers are considered on their merits. These exemplars, therefore, should not be seen as the only way to answer questions but do illustrate how the mark scheme has been applied.

Please always refer to the specification http://www.ocr.org.uk/Images/371960-specification.pdf for full details of the assessment for this qualification. These exemplar answers should also be read in conjunction with the sample assessment materials and the June 2018 Examiners’ report or Report to Centres available from Interchange https://interchange.ocr.org.uk/Home.mvc/Index

The question paper, mark scheme and any resource booklet(s) will be available on the OCR website from summer 2019. Until then, they are available on OCR Interchange (school exams officers will have a login for this and are able to set up teachers with specific logins – see the following link for further information http://www.ocr.org.uk/administration/support-and-tools/interchange/managing-user-accounts/).

It is important to note that approaches to question setting and marking will remain consistent. At the same time OCR reviews all its qualifications annually and may make small adjustments to improve the performance of its assessments. We will let you know of any substantive changes.

Unit R012 Exemplar Candidate WorkOCR Level 1/2 Cambridge Nationals in Information Technologies

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Question 3

Exemplar 1 1 mark

Examiner commentaryThis question asked candidates to identify software for a visualisation diagram. Markers were instructed to accept any software where there was easy to use drawing tools.

As can be seen here, the candidates has opted for the most frequently given answer of “Word”.

Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryA small proportion of candidates suggested spreadsheets or the equivalent. This type of software is not suitable to create a visualisation diagram. The software does include some drawing tools, but these are minimal and not suited to the purpose.

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Question 4

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThe first answer here states that wider answers can be taken from a wider group of people, which is a clear advantage. The second answer repeats that answer, but expands this to state that the answers can be received face-to-face. As this question required candidates to identify advantages of the method, the reference to the use of face-to-face requires no explanation, and is a perfectly acceptable answer.

Exemplar 2 1 mark

Examiner commentaryThe candidate has given two answers. The second is inaccurate; there is no link between the use of consumer panels and bias. However, the first answer is equivalent to “the data will be more detailed” and so one mark was awarded.

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Exemplar 3 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThis candidate does not appear to have understood what is meant by a consumer panel and so has given fairly generic answers that are applicable to many different scenarios.

Exemplar 4 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is another example from a candidate who has struggled with the question. However, in this instance, the candidate does appear to know what a consumer panel is.

The answer appears to be referring to the ability to see reactions on panellists’ faces. Had the candidate written this, the mark would have been given. However, the answer here is too vague as it is not clear how it would be easy to identify whether they agree or disagree.

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Question 5

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is an efficient and well written answer that is almost the dictionary definition of pharming.

Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryMany of the lower ability candidates had problems with simple recall questions such as this one. In this case, the candidate has started down the correct path, by stating that the target is sent an email, but after this point, they move away from the correct answer. Unfortunately, simply stating that the candidate is “sent something” was not enough for a mark.

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Question 6

Exemplar 1 0 marks

Examiner commentaryMany of the mid to low ability candidates thought the execution phase was when a deliverable product would be released. This stage is in fact where the product is created, whilst the deliverable product, once released to the client, is being continuously tested against success criteria. This therefore occurs during the evaluation phase.

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Question 7

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is an efficient answer. The answer makes the initial point that VoIP means that all managers can be spoken to, with the fact that this happens “at once” being a second point for a full two point description.

Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryIt is difficult to give an advantage without considering the alternative. In this case, in order to identify an advantage of using VoIP, the candidates need to be considering how it compares to the next, inferior, alternative, which would be either a telephone call or a face-to-face meeting.

This candidate has discussed VoIP as a method of conversation and has failed to identify any advantages, but has simply stated how conversations work.

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Exemplar 3 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThe structure of this answer is better than the previous example. The candidate has attempted to provide an advantage of VoIP. However, the advantage claimed here is not relevant the answer.

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Question 9

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThis candidate has clearly understood the term “implication” and has given an answer that has a simplicity that belies the accuracy of the answer. Whilst other candidates have given tenuous answers that border on the irrelevant, this candidate has given the simplest of answers yet is one that fully answered the question.

Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryMany of the lower ability candidates failed to understand the focus of this question and gave general restrictions or considerations. In this example, the candidate seems to be describing storage for meals, which would be a practical consideration, rather than a legal one.

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Exemplar 3 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThe candidate has written a well-structured answer, but the gist of the answer is far too vague. Whilst the finger print is unique, the link between the release of a finger print and a negative impact on the subject is tenuous at best, making this a very vague legal impact.

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Question 10

Exemplar 1 7 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is a well-structured answer that is only marginally below top marks. There is a degree of explanation, especially the point about the cost inefficiency, which is well described. However, the Gantt chart answer is a description.

Overall, there are two good explanations and one strong description.

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Exemplar 2 4 marks

Examiner commentaryThis candidate has shown that they have studied the project life cycle and that they have some memory of the stages. They have given a general description of the project life cycle and started to identify advantages, but there is little description and so this is limited to the middle of mark band 2.

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Question 11(a)

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThis candidate has clearly understood the focus of the question and has provided two acceptable answers.

Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThe term “constraint” has a specific meaning in planning terms, in that it describes a restriction on the project itself. The candidate here has misinterpreted the term and given potential issues with the project once implemented.

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Question 11(b)

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThe expansion here is very clear. The question has asked the candidate to describe a method of mitigation. The answer here is a clear description. Please note that the question does not require any form of explanation, and so a simple comment with a degree of expansion is acceptable.

Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryUnfortunately, this question was marked as a follow on from the previous. Therefore, the candidate is now describing a constraint that does not apply and so, no marks can be awarded.

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Question 12(b)

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThe structure of the answer here is sound. The first mark is awarded for the reference to physical barriers, whilst the second is awarded for the first part of the explanation. Physical protection would restrict access to authorised people. However, this answer is lacking the final expansion of why this would mitigate the threat. Had this question simply asked for why physical protection would have been beneficial, simply stating that it restricted access to authorised people would have been an incomplete explanation.

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Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThe candidate has given a generic description of a method of protecting data and has not dealt with the central issue of protecting data from social engineering.

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Question 14(a)

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThis answer has elements of an explanation of the use of tables, but is also descriptive. The answer identifies tables as the feature and then describes how this would be an effective feature for Progress Harriers.

Exemplar 2 1 mark

Examiner commentaryThe candidate has identified a suitable feature of a database, however, the expansion is not a description of that feature, but a restatement of the question.

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Question 14(b)

Exemplar 1 1 mark

Examiner commentaryAs with the previous answer, the candidate has identified one feature of a database that could be used to generate information and has attempted to expand the description. However, the answer is tautological, in that filter and query are closely related terms. Had the candidate gone on to say how filtering would be achieved, and thereby, describing the method, this would have been worth the second mark.

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Question 14(c)

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThe candidate has identified two reasons why a database may be a better option than a spreadsheet. However, in neither case has the candidate explained these features. In short, there is no “because” that explains why either feature is beneficial.

In questions where candidates are asked to explain a benefit or negative impact, answers should generally be of the form of advantage/disadvantage followed by an explanation of why that impact occurs.

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Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThe ability to compare spreadsheets and databases as analysis tools is central to this qualification.

This candidate has performed very poorly across all three database/spreadsheet questions and seems ill prepared for this section of the examination.

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Question 15(b)

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThe focus here is the first answer. The efficiency of this answer is again clear. However, the second answer is about the outcome of the procedure, rather than an advantage of the method used.

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Exemplar 2 1 mark

Examiner commentaryThe candidate has identified an advantage, but has not explained why the advantage exists.

Exemplar 3 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is another example of a candidate not answering the question that has been set. As with questions 7 and 12b, the question asks for an advantage over an implied other method. In this case, the candidate has given a first answer that would apply to many different methods and so a mark has not been awarded. However, the second answer is just worthy of a mark, as the candidate has stated that it is easier to create multiple methods, which is just about acceptable. However, there is no further explanation of why this is the case and so no further mark has been given.

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Question 16(b)

Exemplar 1 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is a stronger two mark answer than the following example. There is a clear implication along with a first part of the explanation. However, the answer is missing the “because” part of the expansion and so does not achieve the third mark.

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Exemplar 2 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is an example of how the previous two questions could have been answered, but only just. Again, the candidate has identified an answer, but this answer, unlike the previous, has given an answer that is sufficient to be seen as an explanation of that answer.

The answer could be better. The rationale for the loss of donors could be more clearly stated and a further expansion could be given, but this answer, as it stands, is worth two marks.

Exemplar 3 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThis question required candidates to understand the concept of bias and to be able to apply it to a context. The first mark was for the implication, with the second and third mark for an explanation of that implication.

The candidate has focussed on the possible use of bias to make the charity look good. This is outside of the context of the question, in that there is no suggestion that this would be the rationale for the bias.

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Question 18

Exemplar 1 10 marks

Examiner commentaryThis is a good example of a point and expand answer that shows good awareness of the question and is well presented. The answer is a well-balanced explanation of a number of ways in which the data could be used.

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Exemplar 2 6 marks

Examiner commentaryMany candidates misinterpreted this question as focussing on ways in which the data could be manipulated and stored, rather than how the data itself could be used to identify patterns to draw conclusions.

In this case, the candidate has started the answer by focussing on the way in which the data could be stored, but then has identified and described a number of ways in which the data could be used. As there is no discussion or explanation, this answer cannot go beyond MB2.

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Exemplar 3 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThis answer is extremely vague and suggests that the candidate has missed the point of the question. The answer is about the consumer preference, which is not part of the data that the charity would collect.

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Question 20

Exemplar 1 1 mark

Examiner commentaryThis answer is in fact two attempts. The first answer is that there will be a financial loss which would be a financial disruption. The second answer is not an expansion of the first point made and so is not taken as part of the overall answer.

Exemplar 2 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThis answer focusses on a possible method of responding to an attack, rather than the disruption that may be caused.

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Question 21

Exemplar 1 5 marks

Examiner commentaryBoth answers here are based on the Data Protection Act (DPA). As both answers focus on different aspects or impacts of the DPA, both answers can be considered. However, the second answer includes the point about personal data, which has already been awarded in the first question and so cannot be awarded for the second.

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Exemplar 2 2 marks

Examiner commentaryThe first answer here is irrelevant, as whether or not the Green Energy Supplier is trusted, it has no impact on whether private information should be passed on.

However, the second answer is worthy of two marks. The answer is a simple restatement of one impact of the Data Protection Act, with some expansion. There is not enough details for a third mark to be awarded.

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Exemplar 3 0 marks

Examiner commentaryThe fundamental issue for this question was to do with sharing data without users’ permission. Neither answer here deals with this concept.

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