Exercise for Structural Design in Revit – Instructions · PDF fileExercise for...

Exercise for Structural Design in Revit, BIM in Construction Management, Aalto University

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Exercise for Structural Design in Revit – Instructions

Course: BIM in Construction Management, Aalto University

18.3.2015

Open Revit and create a New project by clicking on New in Projects section:

Then for the template file choose “Structural Template” from the dropdown menu and checkmark Create new Project and click OK.

(NOTE: if you don’t see the structural template loaded in the dropdown menu, choose Browse and select the file “Structural Analysis-DefaultMetric.rte” to be used as your template. If you can’t find this file on your C drive, there might be issues with the installation of Revit Content Library, so you need to first go to Control Panel>Uninstalling Programs>Revit Content Library and try to install it again.)


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After creating our structural project, we want to link our architectural model to be used as a reference for our structural design. So, in ArchiCAD go to File > Save As and save the project in IFC format. Choose General Translator for the Translator option and IFC2x3 file for Save as type and click Save.


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In Revit, on the ribbon on top go to the Insert tab and select the Link IFC option.

Open the saved IFC file from ArchiCAD.

Now that the architectural model is loaded in Revit click on the Default 3D View icon on top (the house icon) and now you can see the model in 3D.


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In the Visual Style options choose Shaded to see the model in the shaded mode:

Now you can navigate in 3D by holding Shift+MiddleMouseButton to orbit, rolling the middle mouse button to zoom, and middle mouse button to pan.

NOTE: you might notice that some of the elements of your architectural model have not been imported properly in Revit. This can happen because of IFC export and import deficiencies and there are some complementary plugins and software to fix IFCs, however, for the time being, we can continue working with the current model without fixing it.

Next, we need to construct our structural grid system and levels to match the architectural model. For this purpose, in the Project Browser window double click on Site view in Structural Plans section.


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While you are in the Site view, you can see the grids from your architectural model. On the ribbon go to the Structure tab and select the Grid tool.

While the Line method is selected for the drawing method, click on the endpoints of the architectural grids to place structural grids on top of them.

Hit Esc twice to get out of the Grid tool. Now select each grid line and modify it by check marking the end that you want the bulb to be shown and unchecking the other side.


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Also, by double clicking on the numbers inside the grid bulbs you can change them to letters A, B, C and change the order if needed.

Click and select the linked IFC model, then on the temporary hide/isolate menu (glasses icon) click on the hide element option. You can now check the results of creating your structural grids.


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The next step is to define levels to match the floor elevations. For that, from Project Browser go to the East Elevation view. In this view you can see that the elevation of the floors that you created in ArchiCAD are marked as levels with their heights written below the marker. Revit has automatically created two levels for you (Level 1 and 2). You need to adjust their heights to the levels in the architectural model, and then you need to create additional levels for the next floors.

To modify the heights of level 1 and 2 double click on the height and enter the elevation in millimeters in positive or negative numbers. To create additional levels, on the ribbon, go to the structure tab and in the datum panel click on the Level tool.


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For the drawing method, this time select the Pick Line option:

Select the lines of the elevation markers from the architectural model and Revit will draw the levels on top of them. Click on the modify tool to end the command (or you can press Esc key multiple times to end the command)

Similar to grids you can change the position of market bulb by marking the check boxes when clicking on each level marker. To change the horizontal position of elevation markers you can click on the small circle at the end of the marker line and drag it to left or right to clean up the view. The results should look something like this:

Next, we want to add our structural columns. To do so, from Project Browser go to Level 2. From the ribbon, in the structure tab, from the structure panel, select Column tool.


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Before clicking anywhere you should define the type of column that you will be using. For this exercise we will be designing a reinforced concrete frame. So in the Properties window, from the family type dropdown menu select the M_Concrete_Rectangular_Column 450 x 600 mm type.


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Then click on Edit Type button and the Type Properties window appears.

In this window, we want to create a new type of column specific to this project. So, click on Duplicate and give it a name like “350 x 350 mm” and click Ok. And then change the values of the b and h parameters to be 350 mm.


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In the place column options make sure Vertical Column is selected, and the Height option to Level 3 is selected for the placement.

Now click on the intersection of grid lines where you need to add the columns. Click only when the two intersecting grid lines are highlighted. After adding all the columns, click on the modify


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button or hit Esc couple of times to end the command. To check the results go to 3D View from Project Browser, and then select the linked IFC file and click on Temporary Hide Element.

Click on the glasses icon and select Reset Temporary Hide/Isolate Elements:


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In this way we can make sure that we are drawing the columns in the correct position.

To copy the column to the next levels, go to level 2. Select all the columns that you drew. Select all your columns (to do that either hold down Ctrl key and continue clicking or make a selection box around all the columns)

Then select Copy to Clipboard option:

Then from the past dropdown menu, select Aligned to Selected Levels option.

Select Levels 4 and 5 in the window that appears and select OK. Check the results in 3D view.

Next, we will add structural beams. To do so, go to Level 2. From the structure tab in the ribbon select Beam tool.


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Again, before clicking we need to specify the type of beam that we will be using in this exercise. Select one of the M_Concrete_Rectangular_Beam types and click on Edit Type and create a custom family with dimensions of 350 x 350 mm.


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Draw the beams from end to end sides of columns.

Continue drawing all the beams between all the columns and then using Copy to Clipboard and Paste > Aligned to Selected Levels command copy them to the next floors. Check the results in 3D.

Next, we will add structural floors. From Project Browser go to Level 2. Activate the Floor tool from the structure panel in the structure tab of the ribbon.


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From the Properties window, select “Generic 300mm” as the slab type.

Then in the Properties window click on Edit Type button. Type Properties window appears. Click on Duplicate to make a new type of slab and give it a name like “Concrete 200mm”.

Then click on the Edit button in front of the Structure field.


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In the Edit Assembly window, change the Thickness to 200. And then click on the small (…) button in the Material section.


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The Material Browser window appears. In the search box on type look for “concrete”. In the suggested concrete materials select “Concrete – Cast-in-Place Concrete – 35 MPa” and click OK.


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Click Ok twice to confirm the new slab type that you created. Now we are ready to draw the slab.

On the ribbon, pick the Line tool for your drawing method, and draw the slab by using the inside corner edges of the columns.

When you finished drawing, click on the green check mark button to confirm the boundary of your slab.


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Then, go to 3D view, select the slab and on the ribbon click on Copy to Clipboard option, and then select Paste > Aligned to Selected Levels and then select Level 3.

Then, we need to exclude the area of stairs from our slab in the 3rd floor. So, go to Level 3 from Project Browser. Click on the Reset Temporary Hide/Isolate Elements option to make sure that the linked architectural model is visible.


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Then select the slab in Level 3 and on the ribbon select Edit Boundary option.

Pick the line tool and add the boundary lines of the stairs. Then by using Trim/Extend to Corner tool in the Modify panel on the ribbon, select on the parts of the line that want to keep and the rest will be trimmed. Click on the green check mark to end the command.

Repeat the above steps for the 3rd floor as well. (Level 4)

The results should look like this in 3D:


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For this exercise we don’t spend more time on designing the roof part. But, you can add the beams with angles if you draw them in an Elevation or Section View.

The next part of the software that we want to explore is the Family Editor that allows us to create custom families. We want to create a custom type of foundation. To do so, in the structure tab on the ribbon click on Component icon and select Model in-Place option.

For the family category select the Structural Foundations.


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Now, you can see that the ribbon changes and everything in the project greys out and now you can draw your foundation. Go to the East Elevation view, and draw your foundation under the beam with the same dimensions that you used previously in ArchiCAD. To do that in the ribbon click on Extrusion tool. In the Work Plane window select Grid 1 for your work plane.


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Pick the Line tool for drawing method and draw by entering the dimensions and pressing enter.

The results should look like this:


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For the value of the Depth of Extrusion enter 5615 either in the options bar or in the Properties window for the Extrusion End:


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Click on Finnish Model and check the results in 3D.


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Next, we want to explore the reinforcement tools in Revit. Don’t forget to save your project often.

Let’s start by reinforcing the column A-2. Go to Level 2 and zoom into the column A-2. Select the column, then from the structure tab on the ribbon select the Rebar tool.

Click Ok if the following message appeared:

Then, from the Rebar Shape Browser that appears in the right, select the rebar shape: M_T1


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Select the type of rebar “16M” which determines the diameter of the rebars from the dropdown list in the properties window.


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Then, in the rebar placement options, on the ribbon, for the placement plane, select Current Work Plane, for the placement orientation, select Parallel to Work Plane and in the rebar set panel, select the Maximum Spacing option for the Layout and put a value of 200 for spacing.

Now move your mouse inside the column and when the positioning of the hooks is shown to be on top right (for this your mouse should be in the bottom left corner of the column) click and it will place the rebars. You can see that the concrete cover for the rebar is automatically marked inside the column and the rebar will be placed inside the concrete cover.


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Click on Modify to end the command.

By default rebars are not shown in 3D view. So, we should change the default visibility settings for all the rebars that we draw.

When Modify tool is selected select the rebar set that you drew, then scroll down in the Properties window and click on the Edit button in front of the View Visibility States, and in the new window that appears called Rebar Element View Visibility States select the View unobscured and View as solid options for the all the 3D Views.


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Now, you are able to see the rebars in 3D as well.


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After adding these stirrups, let’s now add some longitudinal rebars.

Go back to Level 2 and select the same column A-2. Select the Rebar tool again.

This time select the Rebar Shape: M_00 which is a basic straight rebar. From the Properties window change the type of rebar to 22M and on the ribbon select the Parallel to Cover option for the placement orientation and leave the layout to be single. Then click on the four corners of the column as show below and click on Modify tool to end the command:


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Again select the 4 rebars that you just drew and change the visibility settings so that they are visible in 3D. Then check the results in 3D.


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As you have noticed, for placing the rebars you should work in a Work Plane, meaning that you can’t place rebars in 3D. For example to place rebars inside a beam your View must be showing its cross section.

To make a section view go to one of your plan views, Level 2 for instance, then on the ribbon go to the View tab and select the Section tool.

Draw a section line perpendicular to the beam on the A-1 and A-2 grids.

Now you can find the section view from the Project Browser


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Zoom into the beam on the A grid and activate the rebar tool and add three straight rebars on top and three on the bottom of the beam as shown below:

Also, add the stirrups of type M_T2 with Bar type of 13M to the foundation with a spacing of 300. You can add the stirrups to the both parts of the foundation as shown below and you can change the spacing of the second set so that the rebars don’t clash.


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Check the results in 3D with a Realistic visual style.


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NOTE: You can change many of the parameters of the rebars that are available in the Properties window when you select them such as dimensions, spacing, etc. Also more parameters are available in the Edit Type window. So, you can create your custom bar types with certain diameters and so on. To change the concrete cover values, you need to define new cover settings. To do that go to the structure tab on the ribbon and on the Reinforcement dropdown menu select Rebar Cover Settings.

In the Rebar Cover Settings click on Add button to create a new type of cover and name it “ABIM cover” and put a value of 30 for the cover.

Then select the beam that you drew reinforcement for, and change the cover settings for the top, bottom and other faces to ABIM cover and click Apply.


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You can see that the rebars will move according to the new cover you defined.

Finally, we want to look at how to generate drawings in Revit.

To create a sheet, go to the View tab and click on create new sheet.

In the New Sheet window you can load pre-defined titleblocks. For this exercise, just click Ok to proceed.


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The first drawing sheet is created for you. Double click on the text boxes in the title block and change them to your name and student number.


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Now, we need to add some views to this sheet. To do that click on the Place View tool in the Sheet Composition panel in the view tab of the ribbon.

Select “Structural Plan: Level 2” and click Add View to Sheet.

Click to place it in the sheet. Next we need to add some annotations and tags to this view and crop it. So, from Project Browser go to Level 2 under the structural plans.

Click on Show Crop Region icon on the visibility tools:


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Select the crop box and change the position of handles to fit the building.

Go to the Annotate tab on the ribbon and select Aligned tool.


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Click on the edges of the beams and columns to add some dimension lines.

Now let’s add some tags. On the ribbon in the Annotate tab click on the Tag by Category tool.


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Click on some of the beams and columns to add tags to them.

Now from the project browser open the sheet that you created from the Sheets (all) menu.

Position the view on the sheet. To move the view and its title simple click and drag.


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Let’s now add a 3D view to the sheet. Activate Place a View tool again and this time select 3D View: {3D}

Now go to the {3D} View and select the Save Orientation and Lock View Option. Give it a name like “Rebar 3D” and click Ok.


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Also, click on Show Crop Region and crop your 3D view to an area around the rebars.

Now let’s add some tags in 3D as well. Activate Tag by Category tool and add some tags to your rebars.


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Go to the Sheet and select the 3D view and in the Properties window change the scale to 1:20 and then move and position the view.


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Let’s make a rebar schedule now and place it on the sheet. To do that go the view tab of the ribbon and select Schedule/Quantities from the schedules dropdown.

In the New Schedule window select Structural Rebar for the Category and click Ok.

In the schedule properties window select the parameters that you want to be shown on the schedule and click Add. Select and add these parameters: B, Bar Diameter, Bar Length, Bend Diameter, Count, Family and Type.


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Rebar Schedule is created. Now, go to the sheet and select Place View tool and select the “Schedule: Rebar Schedule” from the list to be added to the drawing.


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We can also add a detail view to the sheet. In it possible to attach the drawings from other software such as AutoCAD to be used in our Revit sheets. To do so, on the View tab on the ribbon, click on the Drafting View tool.

Give it a name like “Detail 01” and scale of 1:10 and confirm.


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It creates a blank view for you to draw or attach drawings.

Go to the Insert tab on the ribbon and click on Import CAD tool.

Select the Inch for import units and “Origin to Origin” for positioning. Uncheck correct the lines that are slightly off axis and click ok.

Now that the drawing is attached to this view, you can also add other dimensions and tags and texts if needed in Revit. Go to the Annotate tab of the ribbon and click on Text tool.


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Click and add the text below:

Go to the sheet and by using Place a View tool, place this drafting view on your sheet.


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Now the sheet is ready. Click on the R button on top and select Print>Print and select a PDF printer and hit ok.

Choose Leave the Temporary Hide… in the message dialogue.

Save the PDF file and submit it to MyCourses in the Revit Exercise section.

-

T/SLAB

EL. X'-X"

C OF BEAML

3/4" CHAMFER TYP. AT

ALL EXPOSED EDGES

SLAB THICKNESS, SEE

PLANS & SLAB SCHEDULE1" CLR.

1" CLR.

SEE _/S_ FOR

SLAB

REINFORCEMENT

1 1/2" CLR. TO

STIRRUPS, TYP. AT BEAM

(2)-#X BOTTOM BARS

#X STIRRUPS AT __"o.c.

1'-0"

6" 6"

1'-6"

(2)-#X TOP BARS, HOOK

ENDS OF ALL TOP BARS

C

B

A

1 2 3

1 2 3

A

B

C

-

---60

0056

15

350

5265

350 x

350 m

m

350 x 350mm

350 x 350mm

13M - 4

13M - 5

16M - 1

DETAIL DRAWING FOR SLAB BEAM CONNECTION

www.autodesk.com/revit

Scale

Checked by

Drawn by

Date

Project number

ConsultantAddressAddressPhoneFaxe-mail




As indicated

15.3

.201

6 15

:02:

29

Student Numer

Project Number

EhsanGhazanfari

Owner

Issue Date

Author

Checker

S.1

No. Description Date

1 : 100

Level 21

Rebars 3D2

Rebar Schedule

BBar

Diameter Bar LengthBend

Diameter CountFamily and

Type

270 mm 16 mm 1260 mm 65 mm 1 Rebar Bar:16M













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