Experiences with Grid Integration of Wind Power in
the Philippines
Wind Power: Accelerating Deployments in Emerging Wind Markets
Asia Clean Energy Forum
6 June 2016
National Grid Corporation of the Philippines
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for a stronger nation.
Outline
1. Philippine Power System Background
2. Challenges on Wind Power Integration
a) Remoteness of VRE
b) Breach of Frequency Limits
c) Forecast Errors
3. Renewable Energy Integration Study Results
a) On Variability
b) On Limited Predictability
4. Recommendations for successful RE Integration
Year 2015 Total Demand:
12,214 MW
Mindanao
Load Distribution among
the Main Grids
Note: Transparent islands in the above map are not covered by NGCP’s present network. Based on NGCP-SO recorded total demand (non-coincident)
Metro Manila
Cebu
Davao
Luzon 8,928 MW
73%
Visayas 1,768 MW
15%
Mindanao 1,517 MW
12%
System Peak Demand
System Peak Demand
-
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
Luzon Visayas Mindanao Philippines
Luzon: 3.26%
Visayas: 6.22%
Mindanao: 2.82%
Annual Average
Compounded Growth Rate
(10-year period):
4.04%
3.28%
6.23 %
Forecast Historical MW
Based on DOE’s Forecast as of Sep 11, 2015
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Philippine Generation Mix
Geothermal 1,989 MW
9.87%
Hydro 3,451 MW
17.12%
Coal 6,763 MW
33.56%
Natural Gas 3,927 MW
19.49%
Oil Based 2,691 MW
13.35%
Wind 427 MW
2.12%
Biomass / Bio-Diesel 181 MW
0.90%
Solar 724 MW
3.59%
Total Installed Capacity:
20,154 MW
*As of April 30, 2015
Visayas Grid Wind: 90 Solar: 365 MW (14.71% penetration)
Luzon Grid Wind: 337 MW Solar: 302 MW (4.40% penetration*)
Mindanao Grid Solar: 26 MW 1.01% penetration)
Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) Portfolio
Wind
Target: 2,345 MW by 2030
Total Installed: 427 MW
Solar
Target: 500 MW by March 2016 and 1,528 MW by 2030
Total Installed: 693 MW
*installed capacity penetration
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Challenges on Wind Power Integration – Remoteness of VRE
• Wind power is highly concentrated along the northern coast in Luzon where local electricity demand is low
• NGCP recently completed the first 230kV transmission extension dedicated on the northwest tip of Luzon and there is still 260 km remaining
TUGUEGARAO
GAMU
SANTIAGO
MAGAT
BAKUN
BACNOTAN
SAN ESTEBAN
BANTAY
CURRIMAO
LAOAG
SAN ESTEBAN-LAOAG 230 KV T/L (2015)
SANTIAGO-TUGUEGARAO LINE 2 (2014)
120 km
118 km
TUGUEGARAO-MAGAPIT 230 KV T/L
78 km
NORTHERN LUZON 230 KV LOOPING
178 km
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Challenges on Wind Power Integration – Breach of Frequency Limits
41.48%
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Possibly causes:
• HVDC is affecting the power quality in Luzon
• VRE generation • Cyclic operation of Steel Mills • Tripping of KSPP as pump • Number of ALD incidents • Higher peak demand and lower off-peak demand • Synchronization of Sual unit with higher Pmin
Challenges on Wind Power Integration – Breach of Frequency Limits(cont’d)
Although most VREs entered in the start of CY 2015 and the Frequency Limit Violations significantly increased in the first four (4) months compared to CY 2014, a comprehensive assessment is still ongoing to identify the root cause.
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Challenges on Wind Power Integration – Forecast Errors
155 MW
60.3Hz
Regulating Reserve (RR) on
minimum
Abrupt decrease of system demand
FLV’s
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REIS Results -Variability
1. There is no apparent change between load variability and net-load variability at low VRE capacity percentage.
2. At higher share, the effect on variability is salient issue if VREs are geographically concentrated, for example, the case in northern Luzon.
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1. Limited predictability of VREs has stronger influence on the additional amount of required operational reserve than their variability.
2. Thus, the required operational reserves usually increase along with the growth of VRE.
REIS Results -Limited Predictability
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Recommendations for Successful RE Integration -RE Transmission Corridors
1. A well coordinated power system planning is needed to synchronize the generation and transmission plans.
2. The following transmission plans is needed to accept more VREs to the Philippine Grid:
a) “Northern Luzon 230kV Looping” - strategic project for RE developers to exploit the largest wind resources in Philippines.
b) “Cebu-Negro-Panay 230kV Backbone” - critical interconnections to embrace green energy from Panay and Negros islands where wind farms as well as solar farms are growing.
VISAYAS
2020
CNP 230 kV Backbone Project - Stage 3
(Dec 2020)
CNP 230 kV Backbone Project - Stage 2
(Dec 2018)
CNP 230 kV Backbone Project - Stage 1
(Dec 2017)
PCPC G
Panitan – Nabas 138 kV T/L Upgrading
(Mar 2017)
Panay-Guimaras 138 kV Interconnection Project
(Dec 2019)
Panitan – Nabas 138 kV Transmission Line 2 Project
(Jun 2017)
Nabas-Caticlan-Boracay Transmission Project
Stage 1 (Aug 2019)
System Reliability
Generation Entry
Load Growth
Legend:
138 kV
69 kV
230 kV
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Recommendations for Successful RE Integration -Mitigation of Variability
1. “Free governor” or primary response should be rendered mandatory
2. Refining of reserve market mechanism will have a strong bias towards AGC and tertiary reserve for real-time balancing.
3. VREs should also be encouraged to be grid-friendly by providing energy storage and frequency response.
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.
1. The key to a high quality forecast is the wider and more detailed meteorological data
2. The real-time VRE data should be made available and accessible to the System Operator for its short-term forecasts
3. The responsibility of VRE forecast should be effectively shared by VRE operators and system operator.
Recommendations for Successful RE Integration -Joint Efforts in VRE Forecasting
End of Presentation Thank you for your attention
