Prepared By: Guided By:Mehul Bavda(120570106506) Prof.Dushyant BhimaniDivyarajsinh Chudasama(120570106513) Assistant ProfessorShubham Vasoya(120570106520) Civil DepartmentDhaven Rughani(120570106534) M.E.F.G.I.

INTRODUCTION

LITERATURE REVIEW

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

SCOPE OF WORK

EXPERIMENTAL MATERIALS

EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

SOURCE OF MATERIAL

PROCESS FOR CASTING CONCRETE

QUANTITIES OF MATERIALS

EXPERIMENT TEST RESULTS

RATE ANALYSIS

CONCLUSION

REFERANCES

Concrete is a composite material composed

of aggregate bonded together with a

fluid cement which hardens over time. Most use of

the term "concrete" refers to Portland cement.

The manufacture and use of concrete produce a wide

range of environmental and social consequences.

A major component of concrete is cement, which

similarly exerts environmental and social effects.

Cement manufacture causes environmental impacts at all

stages of the process. These include emissions of

airborne pollution in the form of dust, gases, noise.

The amount of CO2 emitted by the cement industry is

nearly 900 kg of CO2 for every 1000 kg of cement

produced.

So, reducing CO₂ emission by partial replacement of

cement using advance construction material silica fume

as well as nano silica.

Title Author

(Publishing Date)

Year & Issue

Foundary sand facts for

civil engineering

U.S. department of

transport

(April 2004)

FHWA-IF-04-004

Silica fume user manual U.S. department of

transport

(April 2005)

FHWA-IF-05-016

Characteristics of blended

cement content nano silica

Md.Heikal

S.Abd El Aleem

W.M.Massi

(11 Sep 2013)

HBRC Journal(2013-

9,243-255)

Effect of used foundary

sand & pozzocrete partial

replacement with F.A. &

Cement in concrete

Dushyant R.Bhimani

Jayesh Kumar Pitroda

Jaydev J.Bhavsar

IJITEE

ISSN:2278-3075,vol-2

,Issue-4

March 2013

Title Author Year & Issue

Performance of OPC

mixes contains lime

water and silica fume

Metwally Aa Abd

Elatty

Mariam Froak Ghazy

(23 Dec 2013)

HBRC Journal

(2014-10,247-257)

(Science Direct)

Use of used foundary

sand in Concrete : A

state of art review

Smit m.Kacha

Abhay V.Nakum

Ankur C. Bhogayata

IJRET Vol:3 Issue:2

eISSN:2319-1163

pISSN:2321-7308

Capillary of concrete

in cooperating waste

foundary sand

M.Khatib ,B.A.Herki

, S.Kenai

Construction &

Building Material

47(2013) 867-871

Title Author Year & Issue

Mixed concrete

optimization using Fly

ash, Silica Fumes & Iron

Slag on SCC’s

Compressive strength

Rahrjo. D

Subakti .A

Tavio

Procedia Engineering

54(2013)-827-839

Influence of Silica fumes

on mechanincal &

physical properties on

recycled aggregate

Özgür

Sakar

Omer ozkan

HBRC Journal (2015)-

11,157-166

Using foundary sand in

green infrastructure

construction

S.L.Bradshaw

C.H.Benson

J.S.Melton

Green street & Highway

2010 ,ASCE 2011

Title Author Year & Issue

Influence of nano

materials on flexural

behavior and

compressive strength of

concrete

Anwar M. Mohamed HBRC Journal

(2015)

xxx, xxx–xxx

Experimental study of

the effect of addition of

nano-silica on

the behaviour of cement

mortars

Mounir Ltifi, Achraf

Guefrech, Pierre

Mounanga, Abdelhafid

Khelidj

Procedia Engineering 10

(2011)

900–905

Investigation of

Mechanical and

Durability Properties of

Concrete Influenced by

Hybrid Nano Silica and

Micro Zeolite

H. Eskandari, M. Vaghefi,

K. Kowsari

Procedia Materials

Science

11 ( 2015 )

594 – 599

Conclusion

Of

Literature

Review

1)Effect of used foundary sand & pozzocrete partial

replacement with F.A. & Cement in concrete by Dushyant

Bhimani , Jayesh kumar Pitroda & Jaydev Bhavsar Concludes

that,

• Pozzocrete P60 and used foundry sand can be used to

prepared low cost temporary structure.

• The results indicate that the % change in cost reduce up to

5.17 for 50% replacement of used foundry sand plus 10%

replacement of pozzocrete

2)Use of used foundary sand in concrete :A state of review

by Smit M. Kacha , Abhay V. Nakum, Ankur C. Bhogayata

Conclude that,

• Concrete up to 30-40% replacement of fine aggregate

with foundry sand in which compressive and tensile

strength is increased up to 20% whereas not much change

occurs in modulus of elasticity.

• Workability is decreases with the increase of foundry

sand content because of very fine particles.

• Concrete made with foundry sand can be suitably used in

making structural grade concrete

3) Performance of Portland cement mixes containing silica

fume and mixed with lime-water by Metwally A.A. Abd

Elaty , Mariam Farouk Ghazy Concludes that,

The combined use of SF and LW in Portland cement

concrete mixes delayed both initial and final setting times.

The maximum delay in initial setting time was noticed

83% over the control mix.

33.2% increase of the compressive strength was

recorded for mix C30LW at 60 days age.

4) Charactarastics of blended cement containing silica by

Mohamed Heikal a, S. Abd El Aleem b, W.M. Morsi

The water demand and setting times of OPC–GBFS–

Silica increase with Silica content; this is due to the

retardation of the setting in the presence of 1% of super

plasticizer.

The compressive and flexural strengths of OPC–

GBFS–Silica cement mortars containing Silica are higher

than those of OPC–GBFS control mix (M3).

5) Influence of nano materials on flexural behavior and

compressive strength of concrete by Anawar Mohhamad.

Partially replacing cement with nano silica upto 3.75%

Improvement in flexural strength by 4 to 8% at interval

of 90 days.

6) Experimental study of the effect of addition of nano-

silica on the behavior of cement mortars by Mounir Ltifia,

Achraf Guefrech, Pierre Mounangab,d, Abdelhafid Khelidj

Compressive strengths increase with increasing the nano-

SiO2 content.

The influence of nano-SiO2 on consistency and setting

time are different. Nano-SiO2 makes cement paste thicker

and accelerates the cement hydration process

7) Investigation of Mechanical and Durability Properties of

Concrete Influenced by Hybrid Nano Silica and Micro

Zeolite by H. Eskandaria,, M. Vaghefib, K. Kowsaric

In this experiment replacing cement with max 2% nano

silica and 10% microzeolite.

The optimized mixture for achieving high quality of

durability is incorporation of 2% nano silica and 8% micro

zeolite.

Decrease rate of tensile strength is less than compressive

strength in all ages.

To check the Compatibility of Combination of Industrial

waste (Used Foundary sand) and Advance Construction

material (Silica fume) in the Concrete.

Also comparing earlier and later compressive strength

of concrete using silica fume and Nano silica .

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY

To study silica fume as advance construction material as

well as nanosilica .

To study used Foundary sand as industrial waste.

By using industrial waste we will make the environment

friendly concrete.

To make concrete dense due to very small particles of

silica fumes & nanosilica .

To study the effect on strength by replacement of

aggregate by used Foundary sand and cement with

silica fume.

Comparing the compressive strength of concrete with

silica fume & nano silica

Utilization of Used Foundary sand, silica fume and

Nano silica in the Concrete by carryout various

destructive tests on concrete.

Experimental Investigations On Concrete By Using

Advance Construction Material and Industrial Waste

By Various Parameters Such As,

Percentages of Used Foundary sand

Percentages of Silica Fume

Percentages of Nano silica

Compressive Strength Test (IS 516 : 1959)

7,14 and 28 Days

Split Tensile Test (IS 9399 : 1979)

28 Days

Durability Test

(Water Absorption Test)

(Acid Attack Test)

28 Days

150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm concrete cubes are cast

by using M25 grade concrete. After 24 h the

specimens is remove from the mould and subjected to

water curing for 7, 14 and 28 days. After curing, the

specimens are tested for compressive strength using a

calibrated compression testing machine of 2,000 KN

capacities.

Compressive strength = P/A

Where, P = failure load(peak)

A= cross sectional area

150 mm Dia. & 300 mm Height concrete cylinders

are cast by using M25 grade concrete. After 24 h the

specimens is remove from the mould and subjected to

water curing for 28 days. After curing, the specimens

are tested for tensile strength using a calibrated

tensile testing machine of 2,000 KN capacities.

Tensile Strength = 2p/Π*l*d

p= maximum load in newton applied to specimen

I = length of the specimen

d = cross sectional dimension of the specimen

The 150mm×150mm×150mm block after casting will be

immersed in water for 28 days curing. These specimens

will then oven dried for 24 hours at the temperature 110°C

until the mass became constant and again weighed. This

weight was noted as the dry weight (W1) of the block.

After that the specimen will be kept in water for 24 hours.

Then this weight will noted as the wet weight (W2) of the

block.

% Water Absorption = [(W2 – W1) / W1] x 100

Where,

W1 = Oven dry weight of cylinder in grams

W2 = After 24 hours wet weight of cylinder in grams.

This test was carried out on the cube of

150mm*150mm*150mm. Cubes are casted and

demoulded after 24 hours and at the ends of 28 days of

normal curing period tested.

The specimens were taken out from the curing tank and

initial weight was taken. 5% of sodium sulphate (Na2SO4)

and 5% magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) by weight of water

was added with water as per earlier investigators and a set

of specimens were immersed continuously for a period of

28 days to determine the sulphate resistance of the

concrete with and without mineral admixtures.

% Change In Weight = (W2-W1/W1) X 100

W1 = Oven Dry Weight In Grams

W2 = After 28 Days Water Bath Weight In Grams

SILICA FUME

USED FOUNDARY SAND

NANO SILICA

OPC 53 GRADE CEMENT

FINE AGGREGATE

COARSE AGGREGATE

WATER

EXPERIMENTAL MATERIALS

Advance construction material Silica Fumes is used as a

replacement of cement.

Silica fume is an ultrafine material with spherical particles

less than 1 μm in diameter, the average being about 0.15

μm.

Because of its extreme fineness & high silica content,

silica fume is a very effective pozzolanic material.

Silica fume is also known as, Condense silica fume, micro

silica , silica dust.

Microscopic view of S.F. Silica fumes

Property Silica fume(%) Testing Method

SiO2 92.80 ASTM-C-114

Al2O3 0.6 ASTM-C-114

Fe2O3 0.30 ASTM-C-114

Cao <1 ASTM-C-114

Specific Gravity 2.22 ASTM-C-114

General Use in

Concrete

Property

Enhancer

(Source : Stallion Energy Pvt. Ltd.)

IS SIEVE

SIZE

Weight retain

(gm)

% Wt.

retained

Cumulative %

of Wt.

retained

Cumulative %

Of passing

2.36 mm 0 0 0 100

2 mm 0 0 0 100

1.4 mm 0 0 0 100

600 µ 3 3 3 97

425 µ 10 10 13 87

150 µ 79 79 92 8

125 µ 8 8 100 0

Total 100 gm 100% 208% -

Fineness Modulus = 208/100 =2.08

W1= Empty Bottle Weight = 637 gram

W2= Silica Fume Weight + Bottle Weight = 837 gram

W3= Water + Silica Fume Weight + Bottle

Weight = 1570 gram

W4= Water + Bottle Weight = 1520 gram

G =(W2-W1)/(W2-W1) –(W3-W4)

= 200/(200)-(150)

= 1.33

Used Foundary sand

Used Foundary sand is used as a waste material

instead of Fine aggregate in concrete.

Metal foundries use large amounts of F.S. in the metal

casting process. Foundries successfully recycle and

reuse the sand many times in a foundry and the

remaining sand that is termed as used foundry sand

which is removed from foundry.

Use of used foundry sand in various engineering

applications can solve the problem of disposal of used

foundry sand.

This research focuses on studying the effect of used

foundry sand on the mechanical properties of concrete

mixtures as a partial replacement of natural fine

aggregate.

The successful use of industrial waste will aid in

reducing the environmental and health problems related

to the disposal of wastes and the scarcity of land area

needed for disposal.

Property Results Test Method

Specific Gravity 2.39 - 2.55 ASTM D854

Bulk Relative Density, kg/m3

(lb/ft3)2590 (160) ASTM C48/AASHTO T84

Absorption, % 0.45 ASTM C128

Moisture Content, % 0.1 - 10.1 ASTM D2216

Clay Lumps and Friable

Particles1 - 44 ASTM C142/AASHTO T112

Coefficient of Permeability

(cm/sec)10-3 - 10-6

AASHTO T215/ASTM

D2434

Plastic limit/plastic index Nonplastic AASHTO T90/ASTM D4318

(Sources: Foundary sand facts for civil engineering)

Constituent Value (%)

SiO2 87.91

Al2O3 4.70

Fe2O3 0.94

CaO 0.14

MgO 0.30

SO3 0.09

Na2O 0.19

K2O 0.25

TiO2 0.15

P2O5 0.00

Mn2O3 0.02

SrO 0.03

LOI5.15 (0.45 to 9.47)

2.1 - 12.1

TOTAL 99.87

(Source : Foundary sand facts for civil engineer)

Untreated Foundary sands

Treated foundary sand

IS SIEVE

SIZE

Weight retain

(gm)

% Wt.

retained

Cumulative %

of Wt.

retained

Cumulative %

Of passing

10 mm 0 0 0 100

4 mm 0 0 0 100

2.36 mm 3 0.6 0.6 99.4

2 mm 1 0.2 0.8 99.2

1.4 mm 4 0.8 1.6 98.4

600 µ 27 5.4 7 93

425 µ 15 3 10 90

150 µ 450 90 100 0

125 µ 0 00 100 0

Total 500 gm 100% 220% -

Fineness Modulus = 220/100 =2.20

W1= Empty Bottle Weight = 637 gram

W2= Used Foundry Sand Weight + Bottle Weight =

837 gram

W3= Water + Used Foundry Sand Weight + Bottle

Weight = 1.637 gram

W4= Water + Bottle Weight = 1520 gram

G =(W2-W1)/(W2-W1) –(W3-W4)

= 200/(200)-(117)

= 2.40

Silicon dioxide nano particles also known as silica

nano particles or nano silica.

It produce by dissolution of olive(Mg,Fe)₂Sio₄ at low

temprature (50ºc to 95ºc)produces amorphous silica.

(Mg,Fe)₂Sio₄+4H* Si(OH)₄ + (2Mg,Fe)²*

By this reaction nano silica is produce

Nano silica X-ray view of nano silica

Olivine

(Mg,Fe)₂Sio₄

• Crushing & Screening

Neutralizatic with acid

Decantation

• Inert mineral (By Product)

Silica Filtration

• Nano Silica

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS OF NANO SILICAMANUFACTURING

Source : AZnano

Properties Value

Bulk Density 3 lb/ft³

Molar mass 59.96 g/mol

Surface area 200 m²

Loss of heat < 1.5% max.

Loss of ignition < 2% by Weight

X-ray Form Amorphous

Avg. Partical length 0.2-0.3 micron

(Source : Adinath industries –Ajmer(Rajsthan)

Properties Value

Sio₂ > 99.8%

Silicon 46.83%

Oxygen 52.33%

Ph value 3.7-4.3

(Source : Adinath industries –Ajmer(Rajsthan))

Cement

(OPC)

F.A. C.A. Grit

Fineness

Modulus 3.153.35 7.54 3.19

Specific

Gravity3.2 2.58 2.76 2.69

Bulk

Density 1362 1753 1741 1711

SR NO MATERIALS SOURCES

1 SILICA FUME STALLION ENERGY PVT. LTD., RAJKOT

2 USED FOUNDARY SAND SHREE RANG CASTING,RAJKOT

3 NANO SILICA ADINATH IND. AJMER- RAJSTHAN.

3 OPC CEMENT

(53 GRADE)

MEFGI,RAJKOT

4 FINE AGGREGATE MEFGI,RAJKOT

5 COARSE AGGREGATE

(10 mm)

MEFGI,RAJKOT

6 COARSE AGGREGATE

(20 mm)

MEFGI,RAJKOT

7 WATER MEFGI,RAJKOT

MIX PROPORTION

Design as per IS :10262 (2009).

A mix M25 grade was designed as per Indian

Standard method and the same was used to prepare

the test samples. The design mix proportion is done

in following proportion.

CEMENT F.A. C.A.

(10mm)

C.A.

(20 mm)

WATER

WEIGHT

(1 M³)

(In Kg.)

383.16 678.54 682.14 454.76 191.58

WEIGHT

(1 CUBE)

(0.003375

M³)

(In Kg.)

1.55 2.748 2.76 1.83 0.775

WEIGHT

(1 CYL.)

(0.0053 M³)

(In Kg.)

2.436 4.308 4.332 2.89 1.212

(With out bulking)

BATCHING OF MATERIAL

MIXING OF MATERIAL

PLACING OF CONCRETE IN CUBE & CYLINDER

CURING OF CONCRETE CUBE & CYLINDER

(Source : Concrete lab,MEFGI)

(Source : Concrete lab,MEFGI)

(Source : Concrete lab,MEFGI)

(Source : Concrete lab,MEFGI)

150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm cubes and 150mm dia. &

300mm height cylinders are cast by using M25 grade concrete.

Specimens with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) partially

replaced with Silica fume at 5%,10% and fine aggregate

replace with foundry sand at 10%, 20% levels is cast.and also

replacing cement with nanosilica by 1%,2%.

During casting the cubes & cylinders are mechanically

vibrated on vibrator. After 24 hr. the specimens is remove from

the mould and subjected to water curing for 7, 14 and 28 days.

Type of concrete Description of concrete

A0 Standard Concrete

A1 5% Silica Fume + 10% Used Foundary Sand

A2 5% Silica Fume + 20% Used Foundary Sand

B1 10% Silica Fumes + 10% Used Foundary Sand

B2 10% Silica Fumes + 20% Used Foundary Sand

C1 1% Nano Silica + 10% Used Foundary Sand

C2 1% Nano Silica + 20% Used Foundary Sand

D1 2% Nano Silica + 10% Used Foundary Sand

D2 2% Nano Silica + 20% Used Foundary Sand

SCHEDULING

FOR

USED FOUNDARY SAND

&

SILICA FUME

&

NANO SILICA

CONCRETE

CASTING

Sr no. Concrete

mix

% of

silica

fume

% of

foundary

sand

Compression test

(Nos. OF Cubes)

Split

tensile

Test

(Nos.

Of

Cyls.)

7

Days

14

Days

28

Days

28

Days

1 A0 0% 0% 2 2 2 3

2 A1 5% 10% 2 2 2 3

3 A2 5% 20% 2 2 2 3

4 B1 10% 10% 2 2 2 3

5 B2 10% 20% 2 2 2 3

Sr no. Concrete

mix

% of

silica

fume

% of

foundary

sand

Water

Absorption\T

est

(Nos.

Of

Cubes)

Sulphate

attack

Test

(Nos.

Of

Cubes)

28

Days

28

Days

1 A0 0% 0% 2 2

2 A1 5% 10% 2 2

3 A2 5% 20% 2 2

4 B1 10% 10% 2 2

5 B2 10% 20% 2 2

Sr no. Concrete

mix

% of

Nano

silica

% of

foundary

sand

Compression

Test

(Nos. Of Cubes)

7

Days

28

Days

1 A0 0% 0% 3 3

2 C1 1% 10% 3 3

3 C2 1% 20% 3 3

4 D1 2% 10% 3 3

5 D2 2% 20% 3 3

QUANTITIES

OF

MATERIAL

Mix

PROPO

RTION

CEMEN

T SILICA F.A

Used

FOUN. C.A. C.A. WATER

Design (S.F:F.S) FUME SAND (10mm) (20mm)

A0 0%,0% 9.3 0 16.48 0 16.56 11.016 4.65

A1 5%,10% 8.78 0.47 14.83 1.65 16.56 11.016 4.65

A2 5%,20% 8.78 0.47 13.2 3.3 16.56 11.016 4.65

B1

10%,10

% 8.35 0.93 14.83 1.65 16.56 11.016 4.65

B2

10%,20

% 8.35 0.93 13.2 3.3 16.56 11.016 4.65

Total - 43.56 2.8 72.54 9.9 82.8 66.07 23.25

(All Quantities in Kg.)

Mix

PROPOR

-TION

CEME

-NT SILICA F.A

Used

FOUN. C.A. C.A. WATER

Design (S.F:F.S) FUME SAND (10mm) (20mm)

A0 0%,0% 7.308 0 12.93 0 12.99 8.67 3.63

A1 5%,10% 6.912 0.37 11.63 1.3 12.99 8.67 3.63

A2 5%,20% 6.57 0.730 10.33 2.58 12.99 8.67 3.63

B1 10%,10% 6.912 0.37 11.63 1.3 12.99 8.67 3.63

B2 10%,20% 6.57 0.730 10.33 2.58 12.99 8.67 3.63

Total - 34.27 2.2 56.85 7.76 64.95 43.35 18.15(All Quantities in Kg.)

Mix

PROPOR

TION

CEMEN

T

SILIC

A F.A

Used

FOUN. C.A. C.A. WATER

Design (S.F:F.S) FUME SAND (10mm) (20mm)

A0 0%,0%

6.2 0 10.98 0 11.04 7.36 3.1

A1 5%,10%

5.85 0.31 9.89 1.1 11.04 7.36 3.1

A2 5%,20%

5.85 0.31 8.8 2.2 11.04 7.36 3.1

B1 10%,10%

5.56 0.62 9.89 1.1 11.04 7.36 3.1

B2 10%,20%

5.56 0.62 8.8 2.2 11.04 7.36 3.1

Total -

29.44 1.86 48.36 6.6 55.2 36.8 15.5

(All Quantities in Kg.)

Mix

PROPO

RTION

CEME

NT SILICA F.A

Used

FOUN. C.A. C.A. WATER

Design (NS:UFS) FUME SAND (10mm) (20mm)

A0

0%,0% 9.3 0 16.48 0 16.56 11.016 4.65

C1 1%,10% 9.21 0.093

14.83 1.65

16.56 11.016 4.65

C2 1%,20% 9.21 0.093

13.2 3.3

16.56 11.016 4.65

D1 2%,10% 9.114 0.186

14.83 1.65

16.56 11.016 4.65

D2 2%,20% 9.114 0.186

13.2 3.3

16.56 11.016 4.65

TOTA

L

-

43.56 2.8 72.54 9.9 82.8 66.07 23.25

(All Quantities in Kg.)

COMPRESSIVE

STRENGTH

RESULT

SAMPLE AVARAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH N/mm²

7 DAYS 14 DAYS 28 DAYS

A0 16.75 22.50 23.44

A1 14.54 24.67 29.99

A2 12.57 22.89 27.94

0

10

20

30

40

A0 A1 A2

7 Days

14 Days

28 Days

SAMPLE AVARAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH N/mm²

7 DAYS 14 DAYS 28 DAYS

A0 16.75 22.50 23.44

B1 21.05 28.94 31.12

B2 16.65 25.52 27.04

0

10

20

30

40

A0 B1 B2

7 Days

14 Days

28 Days

SAMPLE AVARAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

N/mm²

7 Days 28 Days

A0 16.75 23.44

C1 18.44

C2 22.28

0

5

10

15

20

25

A0 C1 C2

7 Days 28 Days

SAMPLE AVARAGE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

N/mm²

7 Days 28 Days

A0 16.75 23.44

D1 21.33

D2 21.55

0

5

10

15

20

25

A0 D1 D2

7 Days 28 Days

Days SF- A1 NS-C1 SF-A2 NS-C2

7 Days 14.54 18.44 12.57 22.28

0

5

10

15

20

25

7 Days

SF-A1 NS-C1 SF-A2 NS-C2

Days SF- B1 NS-D1 SF-B2 NS-D2

7 Days 21.05 21.33 16.65 21.55

0

5

10

15

20

25

7 Days

SF-B1 NS-D1 SF-B2 NS-D2

Days SF- A1 NS-C1 SF-A2 NS-C2

28 Days

Days SF- B1 NS-D1 SF- B2 NS-D2

28 Days

SPLIT

TENSILE

STRENGTH

SAMPLE AVARAGE SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH N/mm²

28 days

A0 2.90

A1 2.77

A2 2.80

2.7

2.75

2.8

2.85

2.9

2.95

28 DaysA0 A1 A2

SAMPLE AVARAGE SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH N/mm²

28 days

A0 2.90

B1 3.02

B2 2.86

2.75

2.8

2.85

2.9

2.95

3

3.05

28 Days

A0 A1 A2

RATE

ANALYSIS

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 452.6 5 2263

S.F. 0 25 0

F.A. 813.2 0.6 487.92

U.F.S. 0 0.2 0

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 3704.04

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 429.6 5 2148

S.F. 23.11 25 577.75

F.A. 731.8 0.6 439.08

U.F.S. 81.48 0.2 16.29

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 4134.31

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 429.6 5 2148

S.F. 23.11 25 577.75

F.A. 651.85 0.6 391.11

U.F.S. 162.96 0.2 32.59

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 4102.64

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 411.85 5 2059.25

S.F. 45.92 25 1148

F.A. 731.8 0.6 439.08

U.F.S. 81.48 0.2 16.29

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 4615.81

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 411.85 5 2059.25

S.F. 45.92 25 1148

F.A. 651.85 0.6 391.11

U.F.S. 162.69 0.2 32.51

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 4584.06

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 448.07 5 2240.37

N.S. 4.52 2000 9040

F.A. 731.8 0.6 439.08

U.F.S. 81.48 0.2 16.29

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 12688.93

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 448.07 5 2240.37

N.S. 4.52 2000 9040

F.A. 651.85 0.6 391.11

U.F.S. 162.69 0.2 32.53

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 12657.20

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 443.55 5 2217.5

N.S. 9.052 2000 18104

F.A. 731.8 0.6 439.08

U.F.S. 81.48 0.2 16.29

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 21730.06

MATERIAL QUANTITY(kg.) PRICE(Rs.)/Kg. PRICE(Rs.)

CEMENT 443.55 5 2217.5

N.S. 9.052 2000 18104

F.A. 651.85 0.6 391.11

U.F.S. 162.69 0.2 32.53

CA(10mm) 817.7 0.7 572.39

CA(20mm) 544 0.7 380.8

WATER 229.6 0 0

TOTAL 2857.1 - 21698.33

By partially replacing both the material we can

produce structural grade Concrete.

In initial stage it gives later strength for the less silica

content, but if we remain constant the content of

silica fume and increase the content of used foundry

sand then strength is decrease by 7 %.

If we simultaneously increase the content of silica

fume and used foundry sand then there is increment

in compressive strength and it gives at earlier stage

by 7 days.

By comparing the compressive strength of two

material (Silica fume and Nano silica) we conclude

that cube with Nano silica content will give higher

strength as compare to cube with Silica fume.

Further in Nano silica, if we increase the percentage

of used foundary sand it will increase the strength of

concrete.

1) Characteristic of blended cement containing nano silica by

W.M.Morsi, MohammadHeikal, S.Abd el. Aleem

HBRC journal (2013-9,243-255)

2 ) Performance of Portland cement mixes containing silica

fume and mixed with lime water by Metwally A .A ,

AbdElaty, Mariam Farook Ghazy

HBRC journal (2014-10,247-257)

3) Mixed concrete optimization using fly ash, silica fume, iron

slag on self compacting concrete’s compressive strength by

Rahrjo D , Subakti.A, Tavio.

Procedia engineering (54-2013 , 827-839)

4) Capillary of concrete in cooperating waste foundary sand by

J.M.Khatib, B.A.Herki , S.Kenai

Construction & Building Material 47(2013) 867-871

5) Strength, Durability of microstructure properties of concrete

made with used foundary sand by Rafat Siddique , Yogesh

Aggarwal , Pratibha Aggarwal

Construction & Building Material 25 (2011)1916-1925

6) Use of used foundary sand in concrete : A state of artistic review

By Smit M.kacha Abhay V.Nakum ,Ankur C.Bhogiayata

IJRET (International Journal Of Research In Engineering &

Technology)

eISSN :2319 – 1163

pISSN:2321-7308

Volume -3,Issue :02

7) Effect of used foundary sand and pozzocrete partial replacement

with fine aggregate and cement in concrete by Dushyant R.Bhimani ,

Jayesh kumar pitroda , Jaydev J. Bhavsar

IJITEE (International Journal of Innovative Technology & Exploring

Engineering)

ISSn:2278-3075 ,

March-2013

Vol-2 ,Issue -4

8) Characteristics of blended cements containing nano-silica by

Mohamed Heikal , S. Abd El Aleem , W.M. Morsi

HBRC Journal (2013) 9, 243–255

9) Influence of nano materials on flexural behavior and

compressive strength of concrete

Anwar M. Mohamed

HBRC Journal (2015) xxx, xxx–xxx

10) Experimental study of the effect of addition of nano-

silica on

the behaviour of cement mortars by Mounir Ltifi, Achraf

Guefrech, Pierre Mounanga, Abdelhafid Khelidj

Procedia Engineering 10 (2011) 900–905

11) Investigation of Mechanical and Durability Properties

of Concrete Influenced by Hybrid Nano Silica and Micro

Zeolite

H. Eskandari, M. Vaghefi, K. Kowsari

Procedia Materials Science 11 ( 2015 ) 594 – 599

IS: 383-1970, Specifications for coarse and fine

aggregates from natural sources for concrete, Bureau

of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.

IS: 10262-1982, Recommended guidelines for

concrete mix design, Bureau of Indian Standards,

New Delhi, India.

IS - 1489 (1991) for checking of properties of PPC

IS - 383 (1970) for checking of properties of Coarse

Aggregate

IS - 383 (1970) for checking of properties of Grit

IS - 2386 (part 1) (1963) for checking of properties of

Fine Aggregate

IS - 10262 (2009) Mix design

IS – 456 (2000) Plain & Reinforcement Concrete

Foundry Sand Fact For Civil Engineers E-book.

M. S. Shetty, “Concrete Technology" S. Chand &

Company, 6th addition.

Silica Fumes User Manual E-Book

www.sciencedirect.com

www.wikipedia.com

www.acistudenentchapter.com

www.asce.com

www.journals.elsevier.com

www.ijret.org