Lehrstuhl für EnergiesystemeFakultät für MaschinenwesenTechnische Universität München
Tobias Netter, Andreas Geissler, Prof. H. Spliethoff
9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018
Experimental investigation on entrained flow gasification of bituminous coal, lignite and their blend
2
Motivation
Need of conducting experiments with different fuels
and gasifcation agents in a high temperature and
high pressure entrained flow reactor
Investigating the reaction behavior of different fuels: Lignite, bituminous coal an their blend
Comparing the overall conversions and surface areas of the fuels after devolatilisation and gasification
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
Design of industrial scale entrained flow gasifiers
via simulations needs experimental data and
validation cases
Simulating industrial scale entrained flow gasifier with flexible fuel feeding
Devolatilization and gasification experiments under entrained flow conditions
3
Experimental Equipment
Technical Data
Pressure shell:Height: 7000 mm
Diameter: 700 mm
Reaction zone:Length: 2200 mmInner diameter: 70 mm
Atmosphere N2, Ar, O2, H2, CO2, H2O
Max. temperature 1800°C
Max. pressure 50 bar
Mass flow Max. 5 kg/h
PiTER
Pressurized High Temperature
Entrained Flow Reactor
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
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Experimental Procedure
Pyrolysis/Gasification experiments:
Temperatures: 1200°C, 1400°C, 1600°C
Pressures: 0.5 MPa, 1.0 MPa
Residence Time: 0.4 - 2.4 s
Atmosphere: Nitrogen, oxygen (O/C=1)
Coal mass flow: 1.5 kg/hPiTER
• Proximate and ultimate analysis
• Surface area measurement
• Particle size distribution
• Char gasification kinetics
• Thermal annealing
• Product inhibition
• Pyrolysis
• Gasification
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
5
Fuel PropertiesCharacterization of the fuels
𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙0 𝑤𝑓 =
𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ,𝐵𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑0 𝑤𝑓 − 𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ,𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
0 𝑤𝑓
𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ,𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑓0 −𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ,𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
0 𝑤𝑓= 0,64 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 𝑤𝑎𝑓 =1−𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ,𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 𝑤𝑓 ∙𝑤𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒0 𝑤𝑓
1−𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ,𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙0 𝑤𝑓 ∙𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 𝑤𝑓 + 1−𝑤𝑎𝑠ℎ,𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒0 𝑤𝑓 ∙𝑤𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
0 𝑤𝑓= 0,63
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
6
Reaction behavior of lignite and bit. coal
Results
Lignite Bit. Coal
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
7
Reaction behavior of lignite and bit. coal
Results
Lignite Bit. Coal
Lignite Bit. Coal
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
8
Pyrolysis behavior of the blend
Results
𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 0,63 ∙ 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 + 0,37 ∙ 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
9
Pyrolysis behavior of the blend
Results
𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 0,63 ∙ 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 + 0,37 ∙ 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
10
Pyrolysis behavior of the blend
Results
𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 0,63 ∙ 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 + 0,37 ∙ 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 − 𝑋𝐵𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑
Conversion of the blend = average conversion of its components
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
11
Pyrolysis behavior of the blend
Results𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 =
1 − 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∙ 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓)
1 − 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∙ 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓) + 1 − 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑡 ∙ 𝑤𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓)
𝑆𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑡 = 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
𝑡 ∙ 𝑆𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 + 𝑤𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
𝑡 ∙ 𝑆𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑡
Surface area of the blend > Average surface area
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
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Gasifcation behavior of the blend
Results
𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 0,63 ∙ 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 + 0,37 ∙ 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
13
Gasifcation behavior of the blend
Results
𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 0,63 ∙ 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 + 0,37 ∙ 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
14
Gasifcation behavior of the blend
Results
𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 0,63 ∙ 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 + 0,37 ∙ 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
15
Gasifcation behavior of the blend
Results
𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 = 0,63 ∙ 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙 + 0,37 ∙ 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝐷𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑋𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 − 𝑋𝐵𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑑
Conversion of the blend > Average conversion (for temperatures >= 1400°C)
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
16
Gasifcation behavior of the blend
Results𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 =
1 − 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∙ 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓)
1 − 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∙ 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓) + 1 − 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑡 ∙ 𝑥𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓)
𝑆𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑡 = 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
𝑡 ∙ 𝑆𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 + 𝑤𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
𝑡 ∙ 𝑆𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑡
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
17
Gasifcation behavior of the blend
Results𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 =
1 − 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∙ 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓)
1 − 𝑋𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 ∙ 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓) + 1 − 𝑋𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑡 ∙ 𝑥𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
0 (𝑤𝑎𝑓)
𝑆𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑡 = 𝑤𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙
𝑡 ∙ 𝑆𝐵𝑖𝑡.𝐶𝑜𝑎𝑙𝑡 + 𝑤𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒
𝑡 ∙ 𝑆𝐿𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑡
Surface area of the blend ~ Average surface area
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
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Summary
• Proximate and ultimate analysis
• Surface area measurement
• Particle size distribution
PiTER
• Char gasification kinetics
• Thermal annealing
• Product inhibition
• Pyrolysis
• Gasification
High pressure and high temperature entrained flow
experiments with lignite, bit. coal and their blend
Determination of conversion and surface areas
Higher volatile content for lignite, further gasifcation
reaction, higher surface area than bit. coal
Increase of conversion during gasifcation for the
coals with temperature and residence time,
no pressure influence
Conversion of the blend during pyrolisis
= average conversion of it components
Conversion of the blend during gasifcation
> average conversion of ist components
Surface area of the blend after devolatilization
higher than expected
Chair of Energy Systems, TU Munich | 9th International Freiberg Conference, Berlin – 05 June 2018 | Tobias Netter
19
Thank you for your attention!
This work is part of a project supported by the German Federal Ministry of
Economics and Technology and industrial partners (AirLiquide, RWE)
M.Sc. Tobias Netter
+49 (0) 89 289 16547
Chair of Energy Systems
Technical University of Munich
