EXPERIMENTAL OF EARLY AGE CONCRETE
USING PAITON FLY-ASH
Final Project
Submitted as a partial fulfillment of
The Requirements of getting Bachelor degree of Civil Engineering
Submitted by :
TEGUH DANI PRATOMO
NIM : D 100 112 004
To
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
2017
ii
VALIDITY SHEET
EXPERIMENTAL OF EARLY AGE CONCRETE
USING PAITON FLY-ASH
Final Project
To fulfill part requirements
reached a degree of Bachelor of S - 1 Civil Engineering
Submitted by:
Teguh Dani Pratomo
NIM: D 100 112 004
Approved by:
Supervisor
Date:
Ir. Suhendro Trinugroho,M.T
NIK: 732
Examiner I
Date:
Basuki, ST, M.T
NIK: 783
Examiner II
Date:
Ir. Aliem Sudjatmiko,M.T
NIP:195906281987031001
APPROVAL SHEET
EXPERIMENTAL EARLY AGE CONCRETE
USING PAITON FLY-ASH
Final Project
Submitte and defended in Final Examination of
Final Project in Front of Board of Examiners On 25 July 2017
Submitted by:
Teguh Dani Pratomo
NIM: D 100 110 101
Supervisor
Ir. Suhendro Trinugroho,M.T
NIK: 732
Board of Examiners :
Examiner I
Basuki, ST, M.T
NIK: 783
Examiner II
Ir. Aliem Sudjatmiko,M.T
NIP:195906281987031001
The Final Project is Accepted in partial fulfullment of the requirement
For awarding the degree Bachelors S-1 of Civil Engineering
Surakarta,..................2017
Dean of Engineering Faculty
Ir.Sri Sunarjono,MT.,PhD
NIK: 682
Head of Civil Engineering Program Study
Mochamad Solikin.ST.,MT.,PhD.
NIK: 972
iv
ORIGINALITY STATEMENT OF FINAL PROJECT
The undersigned, I am :
Name :Teguh Dani Pratomo
NIM :D 100 112 004
Faculty /Department :Engineering / Civil Engineering
Final Project Title : EXPERIMENTAL OF EARLY AGE CONCRETE
USING PAITON FLY-ASH
Hereby declare truthfully that:
1. Final with the above title is the result of research collaboration between the
supervisor (Ir.Suhendro Trinugroho, MT) as a principal investigator with the
author (Teguh Dani Pratomo) as a research assistant, and in this text there is
no work scientific that have been asked by others to obtain an academic
degree sector in college, and there is no work or opinions ever written or
published by others in part or in full, except in writing, cited in the
manuscript and published in the source citation or bibliography.
2. If it turns out in the text of this thesis can be proven there are elements of
plagiarism, I prepared this thesis aborted and the academic degree that I got
canceled, and processed with the provisions of applicable law.
3. This thesis can be used as sources of information is a non-exclusive royalty-
free rights.
This statement I made in good faith to be used accordingly.
Stating
Supervisor
Ir.Suhendro Trinugroho, MT
NIK. 732
Students/ Writter,
Teguh Dani Pratomo
NIM.D100112004
v
Motto
Fighting Has been enjoined upon you while it is hateful to you.But
perhaps you hate a thing and it is good for you , and perhaps you love a
thing and it is bad for you. And Allah Knows , while you know not.
(Al-Baqarah;216)
The Relation of patience to iman is like the relation of the head is
chopped off, the body become useless.Then he raised his voice and said :
Certainly,the one who has no patience has no iman, and patience is like
a riding-beast that nevers get tired.
(Ali Bin Abi Thalib)
Remember whatever,whenever,wherever of you, dont forget to always
pray, because the power of pray is 80 percent, and 20 percent is your
might.
(My Father)
Seeking Knowledge with honesty is better ,Although that always fails
and Make you fall in deep,rather than just wanting best value for fear of
fall and down to deep
(The writter)
vi
DEDICATION
FOR ALLAH SWT, MY FATHER AND MOTHER WHO LOVES AND ALWAYS PRAY FOR ME,
MY BROTHER IKHLAS,MY SISTER ENDAH AND UCI ALWAYS LOVE ME,THE BELOVED
WHO ALWAYS ENCOURAGE MY SPIRIT, THE MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA AND ALL MY RELATIVES AND FRIENDS.
FROM SWEAT THAT SWELLS PROFUSELY, THEREIN LIES THE HOPE FOR YOUR CHILD
LOOKS PROPER
vii
PREFACE
Assalaamualaikuum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillaah.Praise gratitude for grace and mercy of allah so writer able
to solve duty end of this to reach degrees s-1 in universitas muhammadiyah
surakarta. Don’t forget writer gave utterance to thank parties had been meritorious
over completion of duty end of this, among other :
1. Ir .Sri sunarjono, M.T .Phd as dean of engineering faculty Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta .
2. Dr .Mochamad solikin as chairman of Civil Engineering study program
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta .
3. To lecturers tutors Mr.Ir .Suhendro Tri Nugroho, M.T ., Mr .Basuki, S.T ,
M.T , and Mr.Aliem Sudjatmiko, S.T, M.T ., which previously spend their
spare time to give guidance and counseling to completion of duty end of
this .May charity father is a charity jariyyah .Aamiin .
4. Ir .Anto Budi Listiawan. As tutors academic have to give directions and
guidance .
5. My parents , to love me , inspire , educate , praying , sacrifice , and give
the best for their children .
6. All lecturers civil engineering departmen universitas muhammadiyah
surakarta thank you for guidance and the science which has given .
7. The my friend and all friends civil engineering 2011 , thank you for
support and your help .May struggle and patience we make the result of
good .
Authors realized that the preparation of reports duty the end is still far
from perfect , therefore criticisms and suggestions that is build was expected
to dansemoga this report beneficial to us all .Amen .
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE .............................................................................................. i
VALIDITY PAGE ....................................................................................... ii
APPROVAL SHEET ................................................................................... iii
ORIGINALITY STATEMENT OF FINAL PROJECT ......................... iv
MOTTO PAGE ............................................................................................ v
DEDICATION PAGE .................................................................................. vi
PREFACE ..................................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................. viii
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................... xi
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................... xii
LIST OF NOTES AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................. xiii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. xiv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background ............................................................................... 1
B. Problem Formulation ................................................................ 2
C. Objective ................................................................................... 2
D. Benefit Research ....................................................................... 2
E. Limitations ................................................................................ 2
F. Authenticity Research ............................................................... 3
CHAPTER II LITERATURE
A. Concrete .................................................................................... 4
B. High Quality Concrete .............................................................. 4
C. Added Ingrediens ...................................................................... 4
1) Fly Ash .......................................................................... 5
D. Agains effect factor of quality Durability Concrete ................. 6
a) Water content................................................................. 6
ix
b) Aggregate Factor............................................................ 6
E. Procedure Concrete Production ................................................ 7
CHAPTER III THEORETICAL
A. Composser Material High Quality Concrete .......................... 8
1. Portland Cement ............................................................... 8
2. Water ................................................................................ 8
3. Aggregate ...................................................................... .. 8
1) Fine Aggregate ........................................................... 8
2) Coarse Aggregate ....................................................... 9
4. Fly Ash ............................................................................. 9
5. Concrete Testing .............................................................. 10
1) Concrete Compressive Test ....................................... 10
CHAPTER IV METHODS
A. Material Research .................................................................... 11
a) Paiton Fly Ash.............................................................. 11
b) Portland Cement.......................................................... 12
B. Tools ........................................................................................ 12
1) Measurement Glass...................................................... 13
2) Volumetric Flass.......................................................... 13
3) Sieve............................................................................. 13
4) Vibrator Siever............................................................. 14
5) Weight......................................................................... 15
6) Oven............................................................................ 16
7) Abram’s Cone And Tamper.......................................... 16
8) Cylinder Mold............................................................... 17
9) Universal Testing Machine........................................... 18
10) Supporting Tools........................................................... 18
C. Implementation Research.......................................................... 19
1. Material Investigation............................................................. 19
1a). Examination quality of sand About MOC.................. 19
1b). Examination Mud Content of Sand ............................ 19
x
1c). Examination Saturated Surface Dry ( SSD ) .............. 20
1d). Investigation of Sand ................................................. 20
1e). Investigation Gradation of Sand................................. 21
2. Mix Design ............................................................................ 22
3. Curring .................................................................................. 23
4. Pressure Test......................................................................... 24
5. Conclution.............................................................................. 24
6. Step by Step of Research........................................................ 25
CHAPTER V ANALYSIS OF RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A. Fine Aggregate Testing Result ...................................................... 27
B. Coarse Aggregate Testing Result .................................................. 30
C. Fly Ash Testing ............................................................................. 31
D. Proportion ............................................................................................... 32
E. Slump Test .............................................................................................. 34
F. Mechanical Characteristics of Concrete Result ...................................... 35
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND ADVICE
A. Conclusion ................................................................................. 38
B. Advice ........................................................................................ 39
References ................................................................................ 40
APPENDIX ............................................................................... 41
xi
LIST OF FIGURE
Figure III. 1. Model Testing of Compressive Strength .......................................... 11
Figure IV. 1. Fly Ash Paiton Probolinggo ............................................................. 13
Figure IV. 2. Gresik PPC ....................................................................................... 13
Figure IV. 3. Measuring Glass ............................................................................... 14
Figure IV. 4. Volumetric Flas ................................................................................ 14
Figure IV. 5. Sieve ................................................................................................. 15
Figure IV. 6. Sieve Vibrator .................................................................................. 15
Figure IV. 7. Weight 3 kg ...................................................................................... 16
Figure IV. 8. Weight 30 kg .................................................................................... 16
Figure IV. 9. Oven ................................................................................................. 16
Figure IV. 10. Abram’s Cone And Tamper ........................................................... 17
Figure IV. 11. Cylinder Mold ................................................................................ 17
Figure IV. 12. Universal Testing Machine............................................................. 18
Figure IV. 13. Supporting Tools ............................................................................ 18
Figure IV. 14. The Flow Chart of The Research.................................................... 26
Figure V. 1. Graph of Fine Aggregate ................................................................... 29
Figure V. 2. Graph of Coarse Aggregate ............................................................... 31
Figure V. 3. Graph of Slump .................................................................................. 34
Figure V. 4. Graph of Result Compressive Strenght ............................................. 36
xii
LIST OF TABLE
Tabel III. 1. Gradation of Fine Aggregate ..................................................................... 9
Tabel III. 2. Gradation of Coarse Aggregate .................................................................. 10
Tabel IV. 1. Chemical Composition of Paiton Fly Ash ................................................. 12
Tabel V. 1. Fine Aggregate Testing Result .................................................................... 27
Tabel V. 2. Fine Aggregate Gradation Result ................................................................ 28
Tabel V. 3. Coarse Aggregate Testing Result ................................................................ 30
Tabel V. 4. Concrete Mixture Design ............................................................................. 33
Tabel V. 5. Slump Testing Result ................................................................................... 34
Tabel V. 6.Compressive Strength Test Result Early Concrete ....................................... 35
Tabel V. 7. Compressive Strength Test Result at 28 Days ............................................. 36
xiii
LIST OF NOTATION
ACI : American Concrete Institute
ASTM : American Society for Testing and Material
f’c : Compressive Strength (MPa)
kN : Kilo Newton
K1 : Code of Cylinder Object
K2 : Code of Cylinder Object
K3 : Code of Cylinder Object
K4 : Code of Cylinder Object
K5 : Code of Cylinder Object
K6 : Code of Cylinder Object
MPa : Megapascal
PCC : Portland Composit Cement
PPC : Portland Pozzoland Cement
SNI : Standart of Indonesia
Sp : Superplasticizer
xiv
EXPERIMENTAL OF EARLY AGE CONCRETE
USING PAITON FLY-ASH
ABSTRACT
Based on the results of research and discussion that has been described, it can be
concluded into which are as follows : Age care greatly affect the strength of
concrete,At the age of 1 day compressive strength value obtained incontent of the
fly ash 7%, ie 17.410 MPa, the results obtained incontent of the fly ash 7%
stronger compared to the value of compressive strength of normal concrete (
without the use of flyash ) is 15.287 MPa. In levels of fly ash 9% obtained an
increase of 21.798 MPa and levels of fly ash 11% was obtained for 17.155 MPa,
while the levels of fly ash 15% decline back in the amount of 15.853 MPa, thus
the compressive strength by using fly ash Paiton optimal at the rate of 7% - 13%,
due to higher compressive strength than normal concrete or without the use of fly
ash, At the age of 28 days the compressive strength of concrete obtained at normal
( without the use of flyash ), Experiencing an increase, compressive strength of
normal concrete compressive strength is obtained to exceed the plan that is equal
to 30.007 MPa. At the levels of fly ash 7% obtained higher scores than normal
concrete in the amount of 32.272 MPa, whereas the levels of fly ash 9%, 11%, 13,
and 15% also increased the compressive strength of 41.897 MPa 39.066 MPa
40.764 MPa 33.404 MPa at levels of fly ash 7% and 15% at 28 days compared
with normal concrete (without the use of fly ash) the difference is too small, the
importance of the optimal levels at 28 days was 9% - 13% of the weight of the
cement, Paiton levels of fly ash concrete strength influence the age of 1 day and
28 days.
Keyword: early age concrete , fly ash,paiton, one day concrete ,28 days
concrete.
