EXPLORATIONUnit 1.2

Who came before Columbus?• Besides the original Native Americans, one group from Europe -

• Vikings• Vineland, around 1000 A.D.

• Why does it not really matter compared to Columbus?

Portugal• Prince Henry the Navigator – Started school, financed

explorations• Portugal would search for route to Asia around Africa• Later Treaty of Tordesillas between Portugal and Spain.

• Why would the Pope want this in 1494?• What was the problem with it?

1492 Who sailed the Ocean blue?• 1492 and Columbus changes history.• Columbian Exchange

• New things in new places.• What are some new things to the New World?• What are some new things to the Old World?• What major agricultural products came to Florida that were not

here before Columbus?

Spanish in the Americas• Conquistadores and the three Gs - ____, ____, and ____• Cortes and the Aztecs• Repeating theme for Native Americans:

• What happened to them once they met Europeans?• Encomienda System – demanded labor (feudal-like)

• What was the problem with Native Americans for labor?• What was the solution?

Spanish in Florida (and Citrus Co.)• Ponce de Leon – 1513. What happened on his 2nd trip?

• What is he truly looking for?• Pánfilo de Narváez – 1527

• Hernando de Soto – 1539• St. Augustine (first city established in future US)• Pensacola and missions

• Why did the Spanish establish those towns in Florida?

Spanish in the Southwest

• Santa Fe established as capital of New Mexico in 1609.• Harsh treatment of Native Americans led to Pueblo Rebellion

• Led by Pope in 1680

• California missions in response to Russian Alaska settlement

French in the Americas• Would settle in future Canada, Great Lakes area, and

Mississippi River valley. New France• Explorers – Champlain, Jolliet, Marquette, La Salle• What was their major source of income?• How was their treatment of Native Americans different

from other Europeans? Why?

The Dutch and Swedish • Established trading posts called Patroons

• In New Netherlands• Now New York• New Amsterdam – NYC

• Many financial ideas start

• Port Orange – Albany• How was the treatment of Native

Americans by the Dutch?

• Swedish settle in current N.J. area• Taken over by Dutch• Bring to America the log

cabin

Early British Exploration

• Sir Francis Drake and raids on Spanish• John Cabot and the search for the Northwest Passage • Defeat of Spanish Armada in 1588 open door for English• Roanoke – “The Lost Colony” – founded in 1587

• Virginia Dare – 1st English child born in North America• What happened to it?

• Croatan

Jamestown - 1607• Virginia Company / London Company

• Joint-stock company – purpose is to make $$$• What were they looking for?

• John Smith• Powhattan and his daughter (who is that?)

• Starving Time (1609/10)• Saved (economically) by John Rolfe and his “brown gold”• Virginia Company later bankrupted, Virginia became the 1st

royal colony.

Reflection Questions• What long-term impacts did Spanish colonies have on

what would be the United States?• Why did the Spanish settle Florida and California?• How was the treatment of Native Americans by different

European Countries?• Why did the English first come to North America?• What is the real story behind the story of Pocahontas?

Links• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6SrZ-6cGVA –

Pocahontas gold song• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RSu4hOLYrXk –

Pocahontas savages• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A1Mn3e3VF7w –review

video• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ooe50C8BLZU –

APUSH video• http://www.apva.org/history/ - Jamestown