Exploring the WorldExploring the WorldThe Age of ExplorationThe Age of Exploration

1450 - 17001450 - 1700

What brought about the change in What brought about the change in Europe 1450-1700?Europe 1450-1700?

The desire to increase tradeThe desire to increase trade

Spice Trade…for centuries, European traders Spice Trade…for centuries, European traders had traveled to ports in the eastern had traveled to ports in the eastern Mediterranean to buy Mediterranean to buy spices (like pepper, spices (like pepper, cinnamon, and cloves – used to preserve cinnamon, and cloves – used to preserve food and improve flavor)food and improve flavor) and other goods (like and other goods (like silksilk) from Asian merchants who had traveled ) from Asian merchants who had traveled across Asia. Because it was expensive to across Asia. Because it was expensive to transport these long distances, Europeans transport these long distances, Europeans decided to look for a shorter route across Asia.decided to look for a shorter route across Asia.

What brought about the change in What brought about the change in Europe 1450-1700?Europe 1450-1700?

The Renaissance MovementThe Renaissance Movement

A spirit of curiosity about the world was A spirit of curiosity about the world was born during this time of renewed interest in born during this time of renewed interest in learning and the arts from the late 14learning and the arts from the late 14thth to to 1616thth centuries. centuries.

What brought about the change in What brought about the change in Europe 1450-1700?Europe 1450-1700?

Desire for New LandDesire for New LandIn the 1400’s the nations of Europe In the 1400’s the nations of Europe competed with each other for political and competed with each other for political and economic power. One way that these economic power. One way that these countries improved their economic countries improved their economic strength and influence was to explore new strength and influence was to explore new lands and find valuable natural resources. lands and find valuable natural resources. Establishing colonies also provided new Establishing colonies also provided new markets for their goods.markets for their goods.

What brought about the change in What brought about the change in Europe 1450-1700?Europe 1450-1700?

God, Gold, & GloryGod, Gold, & Glory

While many explorers desired fame and While many explorers desired fame and riches, others wanted to spread their riches, others wanted to spread their religion of Christianity and diminish Muslim religion of Christianity and diminish Muslim influence.influence.

What brought about the change in What brought about the change in Europe 1450-1700?Europe 1450-1700?

New EquipmentNew Equipment

Advances in Navigational equipment and Advances in Navigational equipment and sailing ships made long voyages possible. sailing ships made long voyages possible.

Prince Henry the NavigatorPrince Henry the Navigator

Prince Henry the Navigator was a Portuguese Prince Henry the Navigator was a Portuguese Prince and naval commander who Prince and naval commander who founded a founded a school of navigationschool of navigation for sailors in 1450, for sailors in 1450, paid paid for expeditions to the west coast of Africafor expeditions to the west coast of Africa, and , and employed mapmakers to create detailed employed mapmakers to create detailed maps of new explorationsmaps of new explorations. He also . He also developed developed a small light sailing shipa small light sailing ship called a Caravel that called a Caravel that could use triangular sails known as lateen for could use triangular sails known as lateen for use along the coast or square sails for the use along the coast or square sails for the open ocean.open ocean.

Get your paper ready for an open note quiz.Get your paper ready for an open note quiz.

1-5 matching1-5 matching

4 bonus questions 4 bonus questions

Match the reason for exploration Match the reason for exploration with the correct description.with the correct description.

1)1) New EquipmentNew Equipment a. spirit of curiosity about the a. spirit of curiosity about the worldworld

2)2) New landNew land b. spread religionb. spread religion

3)3) Spice tradeSpice trade c. made long voyages c. made long voyages possiblepossible

4)4) Renaissance MovementRenaissance Movement d. motivation to find a new d. motivation to find a new route to Asiaroute to Asia

5)5) God, Gold, & GloryGod, Gold, & Glory e. improved economic e. improved economic strength and strength and

influenceinfluence

Bonus: Bonus: List four accomplishments List four accomplishments

of of Prince Henry the Prince Henry the

NavigatorNavigator

Empire Building - PortugalEmpire Building - PortugalPortugal led the way in exploration Portugal led the way in exploration was more interested in trade than taking was more interested in trade than taking over land and its peopleover land and its peopleEstablished trading posts in important Established trading posts in important costal areas of Africa and Asiacostal areas of Africa and AsiaPrince Henry the Navigator – financed Prince Henry the Navigator – financed exploration venturesexploration venturesEstablished settlements in Brazil which Established settlements in Brazil which provided gold and sugar to Portugalprovided gold and sugar to PortugalVasco da Gama – sailed around the Cape of Vasco da Gama – sailed around the Cape of Good Hope at the south of Africa and Good Hope at the south of Africa and continued on to India. continued on to India.

He and crew were first to reach India by sea.He and crew were first to reach India by sea.

Empire Building - SpainEmpire Building - SpainSpain conquered new lands and spread the Spain conquered new lands and spread the Catholic religion.Catholic religion.

Christopher Columbus (1492) Italian Christopher Columbus (1492) Italian Explorer sailing for Spain reached the Explorer sailing for Spain reached the Caribbean Islands in an effort to reach Asia Caribbean Islands in an effort to reach Asia by a new route.by a new route.

Ferdinand Magellan (1519) Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan (1519) Portuguese explorer financed by Spain. Killed in the explorer financed by Spain. Killed in the Philippine Islands after 18 mo. at sea Philippine Islands after 18 mo. at sea getting there. Crew continued to travel getting there. Crew continued to travel around the entire world and proved the around the entire world and proved the earth was round.earth was round.

Empire Building - SpainEmpire Building - SpainSpain conquered powerful Inca and Aztec Spain conquered powerful Inca and Aztec empires in what is now Peru and Mexico. empires in what is now Peru and Mexico. They established colonies there which They established colonies there which eventually became the largest and eventually became the largest and strongest of the colonial empires. strongest of the colonial empires.

The Spanish made a lot of money from the The Spanish made a lot of money from the gold and silver they found in the Americasgold and silver they found in the Americas

They also established settlements in They also established settlements in Northern Africa to protect their trade Northern Africa to protect their trade interests and claimed the Philippines where interests and claimed the Philippines where natives had killed Magellan (1521), naming natives had killed Magellan (1521), naming them for Spain’s King Philip II.them for Spain’s King Philip II.

Quiz time:Quiz time:

Portugal – number your paper 1-4Portugal – number your paper 1-4

Spain – number your paper 1-5Spain – number your paper 1-5

For each question set, For each question set,

answer True or Falseanswer True or False

Portugal (True or False?)Portugal (True or False?)1.1. Portugal’s rulers had no interest in Portugal’s rulers had no interest in

exploration or in using the seas for trade.exploration or in using the seas for trade.

2.2. Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama and his crew were the first Europeans to and his crew were the first Europeans to reach India by sea.reach India by sea.

3.3. Brazil was colonized by SpainBrazil was colonized by Spain

4.4. Portugal was more interested in Portugal was more interested in conquering a land and its people than in conquering a land and its people than in trade.trade.

Spain (True or False)Spain (True or False)1.1. Christopher Columbus stumbled up on Christopher Columbus stumbled up on

the Caribbean Islands when he was the Caribbean Islands when he was trying to find a new route to Asia.trying to find a new route to Asia.

2.2. The journey of Magellan and his crew The journey of Magellan and his crew proved the earth was round.proved the earth was round.

3.3. The Philippine Islands were named for a The Philippine Islands were named for a Spanish queen.Spanish queen.

4.4. Spain’s colonial empire included what is Spain’s colonial empire included what is now Mexico, Peru, and the Philippine now Mexico, Peru, and the Philippine Islands.Islands.

5.5. Spain established a large settlement in Spain established a large settlement in southern Africa to protect its trade southern Africa to protect its trade interests.interests.

Empire Building - BritainEmpire Building - BritainThe British Empire was one of the The British Empire was one of the most powerful empires in world most powerful empires in world history, controlling about one-fifth of history, controlling about one-fifth of the world’s land at its peak in the the world’s land at its peak in the early 1900’s.early 1900’s.In the 1600’s to 1700’s England In the 1600’s to 1700’s England established tobacco plantations in the established tobacco plantations in the Caribbean Islands and colonies along Caribbean Islands and colonies along the Atlantic Coast of North America.the Atlantic Coast of North America.Many colonist came to America Many colonist came to America seeking religious freedom.seeking religious freedom.

Empire Building - BritainEmpire Building - BritainThe East India Company (1600’s) – The East India Company (1600’s) – chartered by England for trade to the chartered by England for trade to the East Indies (India and Southeast Asia) East Indies (India and Southeast Asia) and established a colonial presence in and established a colonial presence in India. India eventually came under India. India eventually came under British rule in 1858.British rule in 1858.England first explored Australia in the England first explored Australia in the late 1600’s and established a strong late 1600’s and established a strong colonial presence in the 1700’s (after colonial presence in the 1700’s (after the American colonies became the American colonies became independent).independent).

Empire Building - BritainEmpire Building - Britain

Mercantilism – one of the major reasons Mercantilism – one of the major reasons England established colonies. England established colonies. Mercantilism is an economic policy Mercantilism is an economic policy where the colonies helped the mother where the colonies helped the mother country by providing valuable natural country by providing valuable natural resources and a market for goods resources and a market for goods produced in the mother country. This produced in the mother country. This system required strict controls leading system required strict controls leading the rebellion of the American colonies in the rebellion of the American colonies in the 1700’sthe 1700’s

Empire Building - FranceEmpire Building - FranceSamuel de Champlain brought French Samuel de Champlain brought French settlements to North America when he settlements to North America when he founded the colony of Quebec as a trading founded the colony of Quebec as a trading post in 1608.post in 1608.The French then moved down the The French then moved down the Mississippi River and claimed the central Mississippi River and claimed the central part of what is now the U.S.part of what is now the U.S.By 18By 18thth century, France controlled Canada, century, France controlled Canada, Louisiana, several islands in the Louisiana, several islands in the Caribbean, and some outposts in India and Caribbean, and some outposts in India and the West Coast of Africa.the West Coast of Africa.They were interested in spreading their They were interested in spreading their religion to the lands they colonized.religion to the lands they colonized.

European Exploration – slave tradeEuropean Exploration – slave trade

European countries took blacks from European countries took blacks from West Africa and brought them to the West Africa and brought them to the New World to work the land and New World to work the land and replace many indigenous people who replace many indigenous people who had died of disease brought by had died of disease brought by Europeans. Europeans.

An estimated 12 million Africans An estimated 12 million Africans were forced into slavery from about were forced into slavery from about 1500-1800.1500-1800.

Exploration – Slave tradeExploration – Slave tradeMost of the Africans taken were men Most of the Africans taken were men age 18-30. What are some of the age 18-30. What are some of the effects this would have on African effects this would have on African families and villages?families and villages?

loss of male leadershiploss of male leadershiploss of fathers to head loss of fathers to head

householdshouseholdsloss of fathers providing loss of fathers providing

income for familiesincome for families

Quick Quiz Quick Quiz

Write these words at the top of your Write these words at the top of your paper: paper: (spelling counts) May use (spelling counts) May use more than once.more than once.

IndiaIndia CaribbeanCaribbean

LouisianaLouisiana AtlanticAtlantic

AustraliaAustralia East IndiaEast India

mercantilismmercantilism QuebecQuebec

Number your paper 1-7Number your paper 1-7

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