97ALL PRICES INCLUDE GST. Ask in store about our Price Guarantee.

External Handrails

Handrail Fixings

TQ TDS 23 -Timber Handrails and Balustrades

Section 6 EXTERNAL HANDRAILS

98 “Celebrating 141 YEARS.”

Handrails 6

EH 1 (42 x 19 Slat)

EH 4 (62 x 19 Slat)

EH 7 (25mm Hardwood Dowel)

EH 10 (42 x 42mm Turned Pine Baluster)

EH 2 (42 x 19 Slat)

EH 5 (62 x 19 Slat)

EH 8 (67 x 42 Components*)* Supplied in components only

EH 11 (42mm Turned Pine Baluster)

EH 3 (62 x 19 Slat)

EH 6 (25mm Hardwood Dowel)

EH 9 (25mm Hardwood Dowel)

EH 12

6.0 External Handrails

Bread Loaf Lady’s Waist Reb/Bot/Rail Mid Rail

PLEASE ADVISE IF PANELS ARE TO BE STAINED

Kwila Handrails

140 x 42

90 x 42

Panels available in KD Primed, Finger Jointed Treated Pine or KD Laminated Kwila

99ALL PRICES INCLUDE GST. Ask in store about our Price Guarantee.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION KITFORM ONLY NON-ASSEMBLED ASSEMBLED PANELS

PINE HARDWOOD PINE HARDWOOD

EH1 Double feature panel 42mm slats $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH2 Single feature panel 42mm slats $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH3 Double feature panel 64mm slats $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH4 Single feature panel 64mm slats $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH5 64mm Slats $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH6 Single Dowel Design $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH7 Double Dowel 3 up 3 down $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH8 Square and Cross Not pre cut AVAILABLE IN LOOSE COMPONENTS ONLY - 5.4m lengths.

EH9 Single Dowel $76.45 $102.85 $101.75 $128.15

EH10 Turned Baluster $134.75 $161.15 $160.05 $186.45

EH11 Turned Baluster $134.75 $161.15 $160.05 $186.45

EH12 Turned Baluster $181.50 $207.90 $214.50 $240.90

Please Note:

- All assembled handrail panels have pre-primed drill holes and rebates. Advise if panels are to be stained. Handrails available in select hardwood or pre-primed pine. Prices are for flat sections only. Raked stair sections available (POA).

- Kitset and assembled handrails are supplied 50mm longer each end for cutting in on site. When ordering please provide us with exact measurements between posts.

- Lengths will be charged at the next highest 300mm increment from exact length, plus 100mm eg. Exact length 2250 + 100 = 2350 is charged at 2400mm.

- *Not carried in stock. Some profiles may vary slightly pending availability.

- For correct handling, storage and fixing instructions for timber handrails and balustrades, please refer Timber Qld Technical Data Sheet #23 Timber Handrails and Balusters on the following page of this catalogue.

PRODUCT SIZE SPECIE PRICE METRE

BREADLOAF 65 x 65 Laminated Kwila Hardwood $27.24

LWAIST 65 x 65 Laminated Kwila Hardwood $27.24

90 x 42 Laminated Kwila Hardwood $21.83

140 x 42 Laminated Kwila Hardwood $35.64

MID RAIL 67 x 42 Laminated Kwila Hardwood $13.55

REB/BOT/RAIL 67 x 42 Laminated Kwila Hardwood $13.55

PRODUCT SIZE SPECIE PRICE METRE

BREADLOAF 66 x 66 Primed Treated Pine $19.03

L/WAIST 66 x 66 Primed Treated Pine $19.03

MID RAIL 66 x 42 Primed Treated Pine $10.13

REB/BOT/RAIL 66 x 42 Primed Treated Pine $10.13

BALUSTERS 62 x 19 Primed Treated Pine $4.57

BALUSTERS 42 x 19 Primed Treated Pine $3.63

Section 6 HANDRAILS

External Handrails 6

6.1 External Handrails

6.2 External Handrails - Pine

6.3 External Handrails - Hardwood

PRODUCT QUANTITY PRICE

27999 Pack of 10 $22.08

27998 Pack of 50 $92.64

6.4 Handrail Fixings

Please Note: Customers MUST ADVISE if handrail panels are to be stained as all timber end sections are primed before assembly.

100 “Celebrating 141 YEARS.”

TDS 23 - Timber Handrails & Balustrades 6

Tim

ber Q

ueen

slan

d Te

chni

cal D

ata

- Tim

ber B

alus

trad

es a

nd T

imbe

r Dur

abili

ty

2

1

©Ti

mbe

r Q

uee

nsl

an

d l

imiT

ed T

ech

nic

al

daT

a s

hee

T 23

Tim

ber

ha

nd

rail

s &

ba

lusT

rad

es R

evis

ed Ju

ne 2

012

Page

1

This

dat

a sh

eet

prov

ides

gen

eral

gui

danc

e on

mem

ber

size

s, c

onne

ctio

ns a

nd s

uita

ble

mat

eria

ls f

or t

he

cons

truc

tion

of h

andr

ails

and

bal

ustr

ades

. The

info

rmat

ion

prov

ided

in th

is d

ata

shee

t doe

s no

t pre

clud

e th

e us

e of

man

ufac

ture

r’s p

ropr

ieta

ry in

form

atio

n w

here

this

satis

fies t

he re

quire

men

ts o

f the

regu

lato

ry a

utho

rity.

Intr

od

uc

tIo

nFo

r al

l Cla

sses

of

build

ing,

han

drai

ls a

nd b

alus

trad

es a

re r

equi

red

to c

ompl

y w

ith t

he B

uild

ing

Code

of

Aust

ralia

(BC

A).

The

BCA

re

quire

men

ts

incl

ude

desi

gn

and

cons

truc

tion

prov

isio

ns

for

the

vario

us

com

pone

nts

incl

udin

g co

mpl

ianc

e w

ith

the

load

ing

prov

isio

ns o

f A

S 11

70.1

Str

uctu

ral

desi

gn a

ctio

ns P

art

1:

Perm

anen

t,im

pose

d an

d ot

her a

ctio

ns.

For

hand

rails

and

bal

ustr

ades

, the

BCA

is p

rimar

ily c

once

rned

with

th

e sa

fety

of b

uild

ing

user

s and

occ

upan

ts. D

esig

n an

d co

nstr

uctio

n m

ust

ther

efor

e ta

ke i

nto

cons

ider

atio

n bo

th t

he s

tren

gth

and

dura

bilit

y of

mat

eria

ls a

nd c

ompo

nent

s as

wel

l as

the

“geo

met

ric“

cons

trai

nts

pres

crib

ed

by

the

BCA

to

pr

even

t pe

ople

fr

om

acci

dent

ally

falli

ng th

roug

h, u

nder

or o

ver t

he b

alus

trad

e.

The

BCA

sho

uld

be c

onsu

lted

to d

eter

min

e w

here

han

drai

ls a

nd

balu

stra

des

are

requ

ired

and

for s

peci

fic d

etai

ls re

gard

ing

hand

rails

fo

r sta

irs, g

eom

etric

lim

itatio

ns a

nd o

ther

crit

eria

.

Loa

ds

AS

1170

.1 re

quire

s ba

lust

rade

s an

d ra

iling

s to

geth

er w

ith m

embe

rs

and

conn

ectio

ns w

hich

pro

vide

str

uctu

ral

supp

ort

to b

e ab

le t

o re

sist

the

follo

win

g fa

ctor

ed li

mit

stat

e lo

ads -

0.9

kN in

war

d, o

utw

ard

and

dow

nwar

d lo

ad a

t an

y po

int.

It al

so r

equi

res

balu

stra

des

and

hand

rails

to

be a

ble

to re

sist

a fa

ctor

ed h

oriz

onta

l or

vert

ical

load

s of

0.5

3kN

/m fo

r all

area

s with

in o

r ser

vici

ng e

xclu

sive

ly o

ne d

wel

ling

incl

udin

g st

airs

and

land

ings

but

exc

ludi

ng e

xter

nal b

alco

nies

and

1.

13kN

/m f

or e

xter

nal b

alco

nies

in d

omes

tic a

nd o

ther

res

iden

tial

build

ings

. Infi

ll, in

clud

ing

balu

ster

s, sh

ould

be

capa

ble

of r

esis

ting

0.75

kN in

any

dire

ctio

n.

Not

e: In

add

ition

, AS 1

170

reco

mm

ends

oth

er d

esig

n lo

ads f

or sp

ecifi

c con

ditio

ns

such

as t

o re

stra

in c

row

ds o

r peo

ple

unde

r pan

ic c

ondi

tions

. For

this

case

, de

sign

to re

sist

a u

nifo

rm lo

ad o

f 4.5

kN/m

is re

quire

d. Fo

r the

se co

nditi

ons,

hand

rail

and

balu

stra

de s

yste

ms

shou

ld b

e sp

ecifi

cally

des

igne

d an

d ar

e no

t cov

ered

in th

is d

ata

shee

t.

Reco

mm

ende

d PR

acti

ce //

JUne

201

2

TIM

BER

HAND

RAIL

S &

BALU

STRA

DES

TEcH

NIcA

L DAT

A SH

EET

issU

ed b

y tim

beR Q

Ueen

slan

d

23

Figu

re 1

. bal

ustr

ade

term

inol

ogy

and

dim

ensi

ons

22

Tim

ber Q

ueen

slan

d Te

chni

cal D

ata

- Tim

ber B

alus

trad

es a

nd T

imbe

r Dur

abili

ty

©Ti

mbe

r Q

uee

nsl

an

d l

imiT

ed T

ech

nic

al

daT

a s

hee

T 23

Tim

ber

ha

nd

rail

s &

ba

lusT

rad

es R

evis

ed Ju

ne 2

012

Page

2

Mat

erIa

Ls (t

imbe

r - g

ener

al)

dur

abili

tyIn

wea

ther

exp

osed

abo

ve g

roun

d ap

plic

atio

ns o

r, w

here

subj

ecte

d to

oth

er s

ourc

es o

f moi

stur

e, h

andr

ails

, pos

ts, n

ewel

s, ba

lust

ers,

and

infil

l sho

uld

be e

ither

Abo

ve G

roun

d D

urab

ility

Cla

ss 1

spe

cies

suc

h as

bla

ckbu

tt, s

pott

ed g

um, i

ronb

ark,

jarr

ah, m

erba

u or

kw

ila w

ith

any

sapw

ood

pres

ent

trea

ted

to H

3 (o

r hi

gher

) or

, H3

(or

high

er)

trea

ted

soft

woo

d su

ch a

s sl

ash,

hoo

p or

rad

iata

pin

e. P

rese

rvat

ive

trea

tmen

t sha

ll co

mpl

y w

ith A

S 16

04.

Not

e: M

eran

ti, V

icto

rian

Ash

and

Tasm

ania

n O

ak a

re n

ot su

itabl

e fo

r wea

ther

ex

pose

d ap

plic

atio

ns.

For i

nter

nal u

se, t

imbe

r of a

ny d

urab

ility

cla

ss is

sui

tabl

e.

tim

ber G

rade

The

timbe

r sho

uld

be fr

ee fr

om a

ny m

ajor

stre

ngth

redu

cing

feat

ures

, be

str

aigh

t gra

ined

and

be

in a

ccor

danc

e w

ith th

e fo

llow

ing:

-

• Har

dwoo

d (In

clud

ing

Mer

anti)

– A

S 27

96 –

Tim

ber -

Har

dwoo

d –

Saw

n an

d m

illed

pro

duct

s - C

lear

or s

elec

t gra

de

• Soft

woo

d (In

clud

ing

impo

rted

sof

twoo

d) –

AS

1786

– Jo

iner

y tim

ber m

illed

from

Aus

tral

ian

grow

n co

nife

rs –

Cle

ar g

rade

Not

e: F

inge

r joi

nted

tim

ber s

hall

com

ply w

ith A

S 14

91 –

‘Fin

ger j

oint

ed st

ruct

ural

tim

ber’

and

lam

inat

ed t

imbe

r sh

all

com

ply

with

AS

1328

– ‘

Glu

ed

lam

inat

ed st

ruct

ural

tim

ber’.

Mat

erIa

Ls (s

truc

tura

l Pro

pert

ies

& s

izes

)

Han

drai

lsH

andr

ail s

izes

and

spa

ns s

hall

be in

acc

orda

nce

with

Tab

le 1

.

Not

e: 1

. Man

ufac

ture

rs th

at u

se th

is da

ta sh

eet a

s the

bas

is of

thei

r des

ign

shou

ld

ensu

re t

hat

thei

r pr

oduc

ts s

atisf

y Au

stra

lian

Stan

dard

s an

d ha

ve t

he

rele

vant

min

imum

mec

hani

cal p

rope

rtie

s inc

ludi

ng th

e fo

llow

ing:

-

H

ardw

ood

– St

ress

Gra

de F

22, (

char

acte

ristic

ben

ding

str

engt

h f’b

= 6

5 M

Pa, M

odul

us o

f ela

stic

ity E

= 1

6000

MPa

) and

Join

t Gro

up JD

2. E

xam

ples

- s

pott

ed g

um, i

ronb

ark,

bla

ckbu

tt, k

wila

and

mer

bau.

M

eran

ti a

nd A

ustr

alia

n So

ftw

ood

– (c

hara

cter

istic

ben

ding

stre

ngth

f’b =

25

MPa

, Mod

ulus

of e

last

icity

E =

910

0 M

Pa) a

nd Jo

int G

roup

JD4.

Exam

ples

- ra

diat

a pi

ne, h

oop

pine

, sla

sh p

ine

and

mer

anti.

Im

port

ed S

oftw

ood

- (ch

arac

teris

tic b

endi

ng st

reng

th f’

b =

25 M

Pa,

M

odul

us o

f ela

stic

ity E

= 6

900

MPa

) and

Join

t Gro

up JD

4.

Exam

ples

- N

ew Z

eala

nd ra

diat

a pi

ne.

2.

Unl

ess b

rand

ed to

iden

tify

that

it is

‘Aus

tral

ian

Gro

wn’,

soft

woo

d

ba

lust

rade

s spa

ns sh

all b

e de

term

inde

d fro

m th

e ‘Im

port

ed S

oftw

ood’

sp

ans g

iven

in Ta

ble

1.

Post

s / n

ewel

Pos

ts

Post

s an

d N

ewel

pos

ts s

hall

have

a m

inim

um S

tres

s G

rade

of

F5.

Whe

re s

uppo

rtin

g ha

ndra

ils/b

alus

trad

es o

nly,

the

min

imum

siz

e of

po

sts

and

new

el p

osts

sha

ll be

80x

80 m

m (m

axim

um p

ost s

paci

ng

3600

mm

and

hei

ght o

f 270

0 m

m).

Whe

re s

uppo

rtin

g ro

of a

nd o

r flo

or l

oads

, re

fer

to A

S 16

84 t

o de

term

ine

min

imum

siz

e bu

t sha

ll be

not

less

than

80x

80 m

m.

Infil

l / B

alus

ters

The

min

imum

siz

e of

infil

l/bal

uste

rs s

hall

be a

s fo

llow

s:-

Har

dwoo

d - 2

5 x

19 m

m o

r 25m

m d

iam

eter

So

ftw

ood

– 62

x 1

9 or

35

mm

dia

met

er

corr

osio

n re

sist

ance

For

wea

ther

exp

osed

app

licat

ions

, all

met

al c

onne

ctio

ns in

clud

ing

nails

, scr

ews,

bolts

and

bra

cket

s sho

uld

be a

min

imum

of h

ot d

ippe

d ga

lvan

ised

(or f

or sc

rew

s, Cl

ass 3

corr

osio

n re

sist

ance

as p

er A

S 35

66).

For

coas

tal

envi

ronm

ents

sub

ject

ed t

o ai

rbor

ne s

alt

depo

sitio

n,

stai

nles

s st

eel o

r eq

uiva

lent

cor

rosi

on r

esis

tant

met

al c

onne

ctio

ns

shou

ld b

e us

ed.

Figu

re 2

. int

erm

edia

te V

ertic

al s

uppo

rt

taB

Le 1

- H

an

dr

aIL

sTi

mbe

r

size

/ des

crip

tion

max

imum

spa

n of

han

drai

l (m

m)

With

in o

r ex

clus

ivel

y

serv

icin

g on

e D

wel

ling

(exc

ludi

ng

exte

rnal

bal

coni

es)

Oth

er a

reas

in

Res

iden

tial

Build

ings

(in

clud

ing

exte

rnal

ba

lcon

ies)

No

Interm

ediat

e Ve

rtica

l Su

ppor

ts (1)

With

Int

ermed

iate

Verti

cal

Supp

orts

(2)

No

Interm

ediat

e Ve

rtica

l Su

ppor

ts (1)

With

Int

ermed

iate

Verti

cal

Supp

orts

(2)

har

dwoo

d65

x 6

5 (p

rofil

ed)

42 x

65

(pro

filed

)42

x 8

5 (p

rofil

ed)

35 x

70

35 x

90

35 x

120

45 x

70

45 x

90

45 x

120

70 x

70

70 x

90

3000

2200

2400

2100

2200

2400

2500

2700

2900

3500

3600

3000

2700

3400

3000

3600

3600

3200

3600

3600

3500

3600

3000

2200

2400

2100

2200

2400

2500

2700

2900

3500

3600

3000

2700

3400

3000

3600

3600

3200

3600

3600

3500

3600

mer

anti

and

aus

tral

ian

Gro

wn

soft

woo

d

65 x

65

(pro

filed

) 42

x 6

5 (p

rofil

ed)

42 x

85

(pro

filed

)35

x 7

035

x 9

035

x 1

2045

x 7

045

x 9

0 45

x 1

2070

x 7

070

x 9

0

2700

1400

1800

1200

1600

2100

2000

2400

2600

3200

3400

2700

2000

3000

2400

3200

3600

2800

3400

3600

3200

3600

2200

1400

1700

1200

1600

1800

1800

2000

2400

2800

3200

2200

1800

2400

2000

2500

3400

2200

2900

3600

2800

3600

soft

woo

d im

port

ed

or

unk

now

n O

rigi

n

65 x

65

(pro

filed

) 42

x 6

5 (p

rofil

ed)

42 x

85

(pro

filed

)35

x 7

035

x 9

035

x 1

2045

x 7

045

x 9

045

x 1

2070

x 7

070

x 9

0

2400

1400

1800

1200

1600

1900

2000

2200

2300

2900

3000

2400

2000

2700

2400

2900

3600

2600

3100

3600

2900

3400

2200

1400

1700

1200

1600

1800

1800

2000

2300

2800

3000

2200

1800

2400

2000

2500

3400

2200

2900

3600

2800

3400

(see

not

es o

ver p

age)

101ALL PRICES INCLUDE GST. Ask in store about our Price Guarantee.

Section 6 HANDRAILS

TDS 23 - Timber Handrails & Balustrades 6

Tim

ber Q

ueen

slan

d Te

chni

cal D

ata

- Tim

ber B

alus

trad

es a

nd T

imbe

r Dur

abili

ty

2

3

©Ti

mbe

r Q

uee

nsl

an

d l

imiT

ed T

ech

nic

al

daT

a s

hee

T 23

Tim

ber

ha

nd

rail

s &

ba

lusT

rad

es R

evis

ed Ju

ne 2

012

Page

3

Not

es

1. H

andr

ails

with

no

inte

rmed

iate

ver

tical

supp

orts

may

be

used

on

flat o

r on

edge

. See

Fig

ure

3.

2. H

andr

ails

with

inte

rmed

iate

ver

tical

sup

port

s sh

all b

e in

stal

led

on fl

at w

ith

inte

rmed

iate

ver

tical

sup

port

s sp

aced

not

gre

ater

than

the

allo

wab

le s

pans

gi

ven

for

the

sam

e ha

ndra

il w

ith n

o in

term

edia

te v

ertic

al s

uppo

rts.

See

Figu

res 2

and

3.

3. W

here

a m

id-r

ail (

min

imum

size

42x

65) i

s with

in 1

50m

m o

f the

mai

n ha

ndra

il an

d is

rigi

dly

fixed

to it

(usi

ng b

lock

s, or

bal

uste

rs o

r dow

els t

hat p

ass t

hrou

gh

the

mid

rai

l an

d ar

e fix

ed t

o th

e to

p ra

il) a

t le

ast

once

at

mid

spa

n, t

he

allo

wab

le sp

an o

f the

han

drai

l may

be

incr

ease

d by

300

mm

.4.

Han

drai

l spa

ns h

ave

been

lim

ited

to 3

600

mm

max

imum

.5.

Pro

filed

sect

ions

typi

cally

incl

ude

brea

d lo

af, la

dies

wai

st a

nd co

loni

al p

rofil

es.

6. T

here

is n

o ne

gativ

e to

lera

nce

perm

itted

on

the

brea

dth

or d

epth

dim

ensi

ons

(ove

rall

outs

ide

dim

ensi

ons o

f pro

filed

shap

es) g

iven

in th

e ab

ove

tabl

e.Fi

gure

3. h

andr

ails

- on

flat

/ on

edg

e

taB

Le 2

- Lo

ad

s o

n H

an

dr

aIL

ssp

an T

ype

han

drai

l sp

an (m

m)

han

drai

l con

nect

ion

load

s (k

n)

eXa

mPl

e O

F d

eTer

min

inG

ha

nd

rail

cO

nn

ecTi

On

With

in o

r exc

lusi

vely

se

rvic

ing

one

Dw

ellin

g (e

xc. e

xter

nal b

alco

nies

)

Oth

er A

reas

in

Resi

dent

ial B

uild

ings

(in

c. e

xter

nal b

alco

nies

)

Sing

le S

pan

1800

2100

2400

2700

3000

3300

3600

0.90

0.90

0.90

0.90

0.90

0.99 1.1

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.5

1.7

1.9

2.0

The

shad

ed a

reas

in T

able

s 2

and

3 pr

ovid

e a

guid

e to

the

sele

ctio

n of

an

appr

opria

te c

onne

ctio

n fo

r a

Clas

s 3

Build

ing

with

a c

ontin

uous

spa

n so

ftw

ood

hand

rail

span

of 2

400m

m.

step

1. F

rom

Tab

le 2

det

erm

ine

the

load

on

the

hand

rail

= 2.

7 kN

step

2 F

rom

Tab

le 3

and

Fig

ure

4, d

eter

min

e a

conn

ectio

n w

ith th

e ca

paci

ty to

resi

st 2

.7 k

N.

step

3 A

ccep

tabl

e so

lutio

ns d

eter

min

ed fr

om

Tabl

e 3

are:

-Ty

pe A

con

nect

ion,

1/M

10 b

olt o

rTy

pe B

con

nect

ion,

2/N

o 10

scr

ews

orTy

pe D

con

nect

ion,

2 N

o 10

scr

ews

per l

eg o

f bra

cket

Cont

inuo

usSp

an18

0021

0024

0027

0030

0033

0036

00

1.1

1.3

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.0

2.4

2.7

3.0

3.4

3.7

4.1

taB

Le 3

- c

aPa

cIty

of

Ha

nd

ra

IL c

on

nec

tIo

ns

Tim

ber

capa

city

of c

onne

ctio

ns (k

n)

Type

aTy

pe b

Type

cTy

pe d

Type

e

No.

Bolts

Bolt

Size

(C

uphe

ad)

No.

Scre

ws

Scre

w S

ize

(T

ype

17)

Scre

ws

Nai

ls2

/ Scr

ews

per

leg

of b

rack

etRe

fer t

o M

anuf

actu

rers

sp

ecifi

catio

nsM

10M

12N

o 10

No1

42/

No

102/

No

142/

3. 1

5 di

a2/

3. 7

5 di

aN

o 10

No

14

Har

dwoo

d(J

D2)

1 2

13 26

14 28

1 2

3.4

6.8

4.4

8.8

1.9

2.3

1.6

1.8

4.9

7.6

Soft

woo

d an

dm

eran

ti (J

D4)

1 2

8 16

9 18

1 2

2.0

4.0

2.6

5.2

1.1

1.3

0.9

1.0

2.8

4.3

Not

es:

1. F

or T

ype

B co

nnec

tions

, min

imum

scre

w p

enet

ratio

n in

to p

ost i

s 38m

m.

2. F

or T

ype

C co

nnec

tions

the

min

imum

scre

w p

enet

ratio

n in

to p

ost i

s 40m

m a

nd th

e m

inim

um n

ail p

enet

ratio

n in

to p

ost i

s 38m

m.

3. M

idra

ils a

nd b

otto

m ra

ils sh

all b

e fix

ed w

ith a

min

imum

of 2

/ 3.

15 d

ia. s

kew

nai

ls.

con

nec

tIo

ns

24

Tim

ber Q

ueen

slan

d Te

chni

cal D

ata

- Tim

ber B

alus

trad

es a

nd T

imbe

r Dur

abili

ty

©Ti

mbe

r Q

uee

nsl

an

d l

imiT

ed T

ech

nic

al

daT

a s

hee

T 23

Tim

ber

ha

nd

rail

s &

ba

lusT

rad

es R

evis

ed Ju

ne 2

012

Page

4

taB

Le 4

- co

nn

ecto

rs f

or

Ba

Lust

ers

/ In

fILL

Tim

ber

Type

a -

mim

imum

nai

l / s

crew

Pen

etra

tion

‘l’ (m

m)

Type

b -

nai

l in

shea

r

min

imum

pen

etra

tion

‘l’ (m

m)

Nai

lsSc

rew

s

2 / 2

.5 d

ia.

2 / 2

.8 d

ia1

/ No.

81

/ No.

10

Har

dwoo

d(J

D2)

2220

1515

1 / 2

.5 d

ia x

25

pene

trat

ion

Soft

woo

d an

dm

eran

ti (J

D4)

5347

1515

2 / 2

.5 d

ia x

25

pene

trat

ion

Not

es: W

here

the

balu

ster

s / in

fill a

re sl

otte

d in

to a

gro

ove

or a

dow

el in

to a

hol

e (i.

e. to

p co

nnec

tion

in F

Igur

e 5

Type

A) t

hat r

estr

ains

bot

h in

war

d an

d ou

twar

d fo

rces

, th

e ab

ove

nail

/ scr

ew fi

xing

requ

irem

ents

are

not

app

licab

le.

Figu

re 4

. han

drai

l con

nect

ions

(Flu

sh fu

ll or

hal

f che

cked

to p

ost)

a

. bol

ted

b. s

crew

ed

c. s

top

hous

ed a

nd n

aile

d or

scr

ewed

d. b

rack

ets

e

. Pro

prie

tary

(i.

e. te

non)

Figu

re 5

. bal

uste

rs/in

fill

Typ

e a

T

ype

b

Figu

re 6

. Pos

t and

new

el P

ost c

onne

ctio

ns

102 “Celebrating 141 YEARS.”