1saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
eZRvneba samSoblos did mamasa da
moZRvars uwmidessa da unetaress
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-
patriarq ilia meores
uwmidesi da unetaresi, sruliad saqarTveloskaTolikos-patriarqi ilia meore da
mitropoliti anania jafariZe
2 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mitropoliti anania jafariZe
Tbilisi ci
saqarTvelos
saeklesio kanonebis
krebuli
(saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebis samarTali,
kanonebi da dadgenilebebi)
saqarTvelos sapatriarqos manglis-walkis eparqia
stu-s Teologiis saswavlo-samecniero centri
3saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saqarTvelos
saeklesio kanonebis
krebuli
(saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebis samarTali,
kanonebi da dadgenilebebi)
Tbilisi 2010
saqarTvelos sapatriarqos manglis -walkis eparqia
stu-s Teologiis saswavlo-samecniero centri
4 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saqarTvelos eklesiaSi moZRvrebis, mmarTvelobisa da saeklesio sasamarTlos sferoSi
umaRlesi xelisufleba ekuTvnis saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinods (saeklesio kre-
bas), misi zrunvis erT-erT sagans warmoadgens `saeklesio kanonebis krebulis, sasuli-
ero da saero saswavleblebis Sesabamisi saxelmZRvaneloebisa da saRvTismetyvelo
literaturis~ gamocema (1995 wlis saeklesio krebis debuleba, Tavi II, $20).
am muxlis aRsasruleblad gaweul naSroms warmoadgens mitropolit anania ja-
fariZis wigni `saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli~ (saqarTvelos saeklesio
krebebis samarTali, kanonebi da dadgenilebebi).
naSromSi erTadaa Tavmoyrili da ganxiluli IV-XX saukuneTa saqarTvelos saek-
lesio krebebis samarTali.
ganxilul 15 sakanonmdeblo da 50-ze met mimdinare krebis analizs Tan erTvis
krebebis mier gamocemuli samarTlis Zeglebi, amitomac naSromi, amasTanave, warmoad-
gens saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuls, romelic esaWiroeba rogorc sasuli-
ero pirebsa da marTlmadidebel mrevls, aseve saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis mkvl-
evarebs. es wigni, saxelwodebiT `saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebi~, 2003 wlidan war-
moadgens saxelmZRvanelos sasuliero akademiaSi.
recenzentebi: g. alasania, s. vardosaniZe,
i. gorgiZe, z. gasitaSvili
meo re Se swore buli gamoc ema
© mitropoliti anania jafariZe, 2010
ISBN 978-9941-14-879-8
yvela ufleba daculia. am wignis arc erTi nawili (iqneba es teqsti, foto, ilustracia Tusxva) aranairi formiT da saSualebiT (iqneba es eleqtronuli Tu meqanikuri), ar SeiZlebagamoyenebul iqnas gamomcemlis werilobiTi nebarTvis gareSe.
saavtoro uflebebis darRveva isjeba kanoniT.
sagamomcemlo saxli ,,teqnikuri universiteti~
http://www.gtu.ge/publishinghouse/
damtkicebulia monografiad
stu-is saredaqcio-sagamomcemlo
sabWos mier. 14.12.2010, oqmi #7
5saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
S e s a v a l i
saqarTvelos wmida eklesia warmoadgens erT-erT nawils sayovelTao msoflioeklesiisa, amitomac misi samarTlis wyaroebi igivea, rac msoflio eklesiisa, Tumcacxadia, mas viTarca adgilobriv eklesias, sakuTari wyaroebic aqvs, eseniasaqarTvelos saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebani, eklesiis meTaurTa, kaTalikos-patriarqTa epistoleebi da dadgenilebani, saxelmwifo kanonmdeblobani saeklesiosaqmeTa Sesaxeb, samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiuli dokumentebi eklesiis Sesaxeb,agreTve eklesiis avtoritetul mamaTa ganmartebani.
saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis mniSvnelovan nawils warmoadgens qarTulisaeklesio samarTali, romlis mTavari wyaro adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebi damisi kanonmdeblobaa. marTalia, CvenSi saeklesio krebebs uZvelesi droidanveiwvevdnen, magram, samwuxarod, aqamde arc adgilobrivi saeklesio kanonebiskrebuli da arc TviT krebaTa ganzogadebuli analizi gagvaCnda. am ukanasknelTaSeswavlis mxriv, CvenSi garkveuli CamorCena igrZnoba. marTalia, XX s-isdasawyisSi niko maris, ivane javaxiSvilis, korneli kekeliZisa da sxva didmecnierTa RvawliT safuZveli Caeyara qarTuli samarTlis zogadi istoriisSeswavlas, magram aTeisturi reJimis dros, XX s-is 20-iani wlebidanve, CaiSalasaeklesio samarTlis Seswavlis axalwamowyebuli saqme. wyaroebis naklebobasTanerTad, albaT amiT unda aixsnas, rom samecniero literaturaSi mxolod ramdenimesaeklesio krebaa ganxiluli, maSin, roca IV s-dan XX s-mde, TiTqmis 1600 wlismanZilze, saqarTveloSi asobiT saeklesio kreba unda yofiliyo mowveuli,dReisaTvis maTi umravlesoba araTu Seswavlili, gamovlenilic ki ar aris.
amasTanave unda aRiniSnos, rom Znelia saeklesio krebebis gamovlena zRvasaistorio masalidan, ar arsebobs am krebebis Sesaxeb pirdapiri miTiTeba,zogierTi gamonaklisis garda. mkvlevari iZulebulia sxvadasxva sigel-gujarsa damatianeebSi eZios mxolod iribi miniSneba, anda mowmoba adgilobriv saeklesiokrebaTa Sesaxeb. maTi gamovlenis gareSe ki, rogorc aRiniSna, SeuZlebelia
6 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
samarTlis istoriisa da, maSasadame, saqarTvelos eklesiis sruli istoriis dawera.mociqulTa, wmida mamaTa da msoflio krebaTa kanonebze dafuZnebuli saeklesiosamarTali ZvelTaganve moqmed samarTals warmoadgenda saqarTveloSi.1 am codnasefuZneboda wmida eqvTime mTawmidelisa da arsen iyalToelis mier gamocemuli`mcire~ da ̀ didi~ sjuliskanonebi. CvenSi, rogorc Cans, aseve icnobdnen msofliokrebebis kanonebis ganmmarteblebis: balsamonis, zonaras, aristinesa da maTeosblastaris Sromebs, amitomac am ukanasknelis `alfabeturi sintagmisa~ daarmenopulos SromaTa Targmanebi `mefe rjulmdeblis~, vaxtang VI-is RvawliTgamokrebili saxiT miecaT qarTvelebs. es gvafiqrebinebs, rom Tu ara saqarTveloseklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba ucxo Zalebis mier, ueWvelad, saeklesio samarTalisaqarTveloSic miaRwevda Sesabamis simaRles. erT umcires, mokrZalebul nabijadam gzaze albaT SeiZleba miviCnioT winamdebare naSromi, romelic daiwera Cveniuflisa da macxovris, ieso qristes sadideblad.
naSromis mizania vrceli saistorio masalidan saqarTvelos adgilobrivikrebebis Sesaxeb monacemebis gamovlena, maTi analizi istoriul-filologiuriTvalsazrisiT da maTi dalageba garkveuli principebis Sesabamisad (qronologiuradda sistematurad), amasTanave, mokvleuli masalebis Sejereba msoflio saeklesiosamarTlis Tanamedrove donesTan, SesaZleblobis farglebSi. ivane javaxiSvilisaRniSvniT, samarTlis sferoSi momuSave unda iyos istorikos-filologosi daamasTanave unda hqondes specialuri iuridiuli ganaTleba, amitomac Cven, viTarcamxolod istorikosi da ara iuristi, ufro metad vixilavT saeklesio krebebsistoriul-filologiuri TvalTaxedviT da naklebad vexebiT maT dogmatikur-kanonikuri mxriv, Tumca ki mogvaqvs uxvi masala mis Sesaxebac. amasTanave, 20-ze meti wlis manZilze Cemi episkoposobis dros, rogorc eparqiaSi, ise wmidasinodSi xSiri Sexeba mqonda saeklesio-kanonikur samarTalTan. am praqtikulmasaqmianobam cotaodenad gaamdidra Cemi codna am sferoSi. vloculobT, raTaSemdgom Taobas, ufro metad daxelovnebuls iuridiul sferoSi, Cveni naSromigamoadges, viTarca erTi safexuri ufro maRal simaRleze asasvlelad.
gamokvlevis sagani. istoriulad saqarTvelos adgilobrivi eklesiisaTvis savalde-buloa msoflio sayovelTao eklesiis mier SemuSavebuli sakanonmdeblo Zeglebi,amitomac qarTuli saeklesio samarTali, erTi mxriv, umTavresad msoflio eklesiiskanonmdeblobas emyareba da misi saeklesio kanonmdeblobis saTaves msofliokrebebi Seadgens, meore mxriv ki, aseTs warmoadgens saqarTvelos adgilobrivikrebebi, rogorc ivane javaxiSvili uwodebda _ `adgilobiTi krebani~.2
Cveni gamokvlevis sagans warmoadgens saqarTvelos adgilobrivi krebebi.rogorc aRiniSna, saqarTvelos eklesiis, viTarca saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis saekle-sio organizaciis oficialurad arsebobis 16 saukunis manZilze, mravali krebaunda mowveuliyo. kanonikuri samarTali iTvaliswinebda weliwadSi ramdenimesaeklesio krebis mowvevas, Tumca mas sxvadasxva Sesabamis konkretul mizezTagamoc iwvevdnen. miuxedavad mowveul krebaTa siWarbisa, maT Sesaxeb pirdapiricnobebi metad mcire raodenobiT SemorCa. sxvadasxva wyaroTa monacemebzedayrdnobiT, Cven mier SesaZlebeli gaxda saqarTveloSi Catarebuli, anda qarTulieklesiisadmi miZRvnili 40-mde krebis gamovlena XIX s-mde, xolo XX s-SiCatarebuli krebebis ricxvi aWarbebs 50-s. isini davyaviT or ZiriTad jgufad_ pirvelia krebebi, romelnic iyvnen mowveulni kanonmdeblobiTi moRvaweobi-saTvis, anda Seikribnen sagangebod pirvelxarisxovani sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad da
1 i. doliZe , qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, III t. 1970 w. winasityvaoba, gv. 5; 2 iv. javaxiSvili,qarTuli samarTlis istoria, wigni 1, Txzulebani, t. VI, 1982, gv. 24-26.
7saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
kanonebic gamosces, meore jgufs ki ganekuTvnebian isini, romelnic ar yofilanmowveulni kanonmdeblobiTi moRvaweobisaTvis, aramed sxvadasxva mimdinare saeklesiosakiTxis gadasaWrelad Sedga. Cven vixilavT rogorc pirvelxarisxovan, ise Cveulebrivkrebebs. agreTve, rogorc aRvniSneT, calke jgufad gamovyaviT is krebebi, romelnicucxoeTSi iqnen mowveulni saqarTvelos eklesiis sakiTxebis gadasaWrelad, asevemsoflio krebebi, romlebSic qarTveli episkoposebi monawileobdnen.
saqarTvelos adgilobriv krebebze miRebuli dadgenilebebi savaldebuloiuridiuli normebis xasiaTis matarebeli iyo saqarTvelos saeklesio cxovrebaSi.3
iseve, rogorc savaldebulos warmoadgenda msoflio eklesiis mamaTa ganmartebani,kaTalikos-patriarqTa da moZRvarTa epistoleebi, samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiulikodeqsebi gamocemuli eklesiis mimarT.
problemis Seswavlis mdgomareoba da sakiTxis istoriografia. samarTlis mec-niereba Seswavlis sagans warmoadgenda ZvelTaganve: aTenis, aleqsandriis, antioqiis,romis da Semdeg konstantinopolis umaRles skolebSi. aq miiRes iuridiuliganaTleba wmida basili didma, grigori RvTismetyvelma, ioane oqropirma, ambrosimediolanelma. 534 wlamde am Tavisebur universitetebSi Warbobdnen warmarTiprofesorebi, romelTac imperatorma iustinianem aukrZala leqciebis wakiTxva.skolaTa nawili amis gamo daixura. universitetebi darCa romsa da konstanti-nopolSi. am epoqis bizantiaSi saero da kanonikuri samarTali ar ganirCeodaerTmaneTisagan da konstantinopolis skolis samarTalmcodneebi makedonelTadinastiis epoqaSi monawileobdnen sakanonmdeblo krebulebis: `proqironis~, `epan-agogis~ da `basilikis~ gamocemebSi.4
XI s-Si konstantinopolis wm. giorgis eklesiaSi gaixsna pirveli specialuriiuridiuli skola. misi meTauri atarebda `nomofilaqsis~ (kanonTa damcvelis)tituls. am skolasTanaa dakavSirebuli avtoritetuli kanonistebis - aleqsiaristines, ioane zonaras da Teodor balsamonis Sromebi. aristinem da balsamonma,romelnic Tavis dros skolas xelmZRvanelobdnen kidec nomofilaqsis tituliT,da zonaram Seadgines vrceli egzegetikuri ganmartebani kanonikuri korpusis mTeliSedgenilobisa.5 konstantinopolis jvarosanTagan gaTavisuflebis Semdeg, XIV s-Si,bizantiaSi Seadgines cnobili ̀ sintagma~ mRvdel-monazon maTe blastarisa da ̀ eqvsiwigni~ (`egzabiblosi~) Tesalonikeli nomofilaqsisa, konstantine armenopulosi.
saqarTveloSi bizantiuri saeklesio samarTlis es bolo monapovrebic kicnobili iyo, amas miuTiTebs maTe blastaris `sintagmisa~ da konstantinearmenopulos Sromebis Targmna gamokrebili saxiT samTavisis episkoposis kviprianesmier vaxtang VI-is dros. mas samTavisis kaTedraze miuRia Txovna batoniSvilvaxtangisagan, qarTulad gadmoeRo blastarisa da armenopulos naSromebi. amnaSromebs hqonda praqtikuli xasiaTi, Targmani sasamarTlo praqtikaSi gamosayene-blad iyo gansazRvruli.
saqarTveloSi ufro adre, praqtikuli da ara samecniero-kvleviTi mizniT,SemoqmedebiTi midgomiT iTargmneboda kanonikuri Zeglebi, iqmneboda sakanonmdebloZeglebis krebulebi. esaa _ eqvTime aTonelis `mcire sjuliskanoni~ da arseniyalToelis `didi sjuliskanoni~. pirveli Sedgenili iqna qarTvelTa monasterSi,aTonis wmida mTaze, meore ki, albaT, gelaTis monasterSi. qarTuli monastrebi_ saswavlo kerebic iyo, rogorc amJamad uwodeben _ `akademiebi~. albaT maTSiSesabamis iuridiul ganaTlebas iRebdnen sasuliero pirebi, yovel SemTxvevaSi,TviT XVIII s-is dasawyisSic ki samTavisis kaTedraze iseTi ganaTlebuli piris
3 k. kekeliZe, qarTuli lit. istoria, I , 1980, gv. 569; 4 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ 1994^ c& 16$5 iqve, gv. 17.
8 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
yofna, romelmac ̀ sintagmisa~ da ̀ eqvsi wignis~ gaanalizeba da Sesabamisi muxlebisTargmna SeZlo, unda adasturebdes zemoTqmul mosazrebas.
1852-59 wlebSi aTenSi ralisa da potlis redaqciiT gamovida 6-tomiani`sintagma saRmrTo da wmida wignebisa~. masSi Sedis kanonikuri korpusi - `14-titlovani nomokanoni~, maTe blastaris `sintagma~, aristines, zonaras dabalsamonis ganmartebani, agreTve, bolo drois konstantinopolis sapatriarqosa dasaberZneTis samefoSi gamocemuli kanonebi eklesiis Sesaxeb.
saqarTveloSi TiTqmis erTi saukuniT adre msgavsi krebuli Seadgina `rjul-mdebelma~ vaxtang VI-m. krebuli warmoadgens samoqalaqo da saeklesio samarTliskodeqss. igi vaxtangma Seadgina domenti kaTalikosisa da grigol episkoposisTanadgomiT. krebuli, `moses samarTlis~ garda, moicavs e.w. `siriul-romaulsamarTals~, ̀ berZnul samarTals~ (blastarisa da armenopulos Sromebidan gamonakrebmuxlebs), e.w. `somxur samarTals~ (Cans, istoriuli saqarTvelos samxreTprovinciebSi gamosayenebel samarTals), vaxtangis krebulSi Sedis saqarTvelossakanonmdeblo saeklesio krebaTa mier miRebuli kanonebi - `kaTalikozTasamarTali~, Wulevis krebis mier damtkicebuli kanonebi - `beqas da aRbuRassamarTali~ `bagrat kurapaltis samarTali~, giorgi brwyinvales `Zeglis dadeba~da krebulis bolo nawilia `samarTali batoniSvilis vaxtangisa~. esaa qarTulierovnuli samarTlis yvelaze srulyofili Zegli da marTlmsajulebis ZiriTadisaxelmwifo wigni. igi gamoiyeneboda XIX s-is 30-ian wlebamde. XIX s-Si Sewydasakanonmdeblo Zeglebze muSaoba, radganac saqarTvelos eklesiam dakarga avtoke-falia. XX s-Si, mxolod aTeistebis batonobis Semdeg, 90-ian wlebSi daarsebulTbilisis sasuliero akademiaSi Seudgnen saeklesio samarTlis Seswavlas. rogorccnobilia, saeklesio samarTlis disciplinis qarTuli saxelmZRvanelo, jerjerobiT,ar dawerila. sazogadod, saeklesio samarTals swavloben universitetebis Sesabamisiuridiul skolebSi. aseTi qarTuli skola, jerjerobiT, Camoyalibebuli ar aris.saRvTismetyvelo da samomavlod iuridiul fakultetebze, albaT, saeklesiosamarTlis Seswavlis saqmes yuradReba mieqceva. miuxedavad Sesabamisi samecnieroskolebis ararsebobisa, saqarTveloSi saeklesio samarTals swavlobdnen cnobilimecnierebi, istorikosebi da filologebi. rogorc zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, iv.javaxiSvils miaCnda, rom samarTlis mecnierebas, misi specifikurobis gamo, undaswavlobdes Sesabamisi iuridiuli ganaTlebis mqone piri - `samarTlis istorikosiunda iyos erTsa da imave dros iuristica da filologos-istorikosi, racrasakvirvelia iSviaT SemTxvevas warmoadgens.6 albaT saeklesio samarTlis mkvle-vari, iuridiulTan erTad, saRvTismetyvelo ganaTlebis mqone istorikos-filologiunda iyos. qarTuli samarTlis iuridiuli institutebi da samarTlebrividebulebebi asaxulia samarTlis wignebSi, sigel-gujrebsa da CveulebiT samarTalSi.
rogorc aRiniSna, qarTuli samarTlisa da kanonmdeblobis istoriaSi gan-sakuTrebuli roli ekuTvnis sjulmdebel mefe-mecniers vaxtang VI-s. man Seqmnasakodifikacio komisia, Seadgina samarTlis wignTa didi krebuli. agreTve, SeadginaqarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis didebuli Zegli `dasturlamali~. misi mefobisperiodi iyo qarTuli sjulmdeblobis ganaxlebisa da ayvavebis xana.
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis sakiTxebi ganxilulia vaxuSti batoniSvilis,ioane da daviT batoniSvilebis naSromebSi, romelTac wyaroTmcodneobiTi mniS-vneloba aqvT.7
ramdenime mniSvnelovani saeklesio krebis Sesaxeb cnobas gvaZlevs vaxuStibatoniSvili, kerZod, igi ruis-urbnisis krebis Sesaxeb mogviTxrobs: `ganixila
6 iv. javaxiSvili, Txz. VI, 1982, gv. 15; 7 iqve, gv. 7-8.
9saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mefeman, rameTu saxlni RvTisani quab avazakTa qmnil iyvnen, mwyemsni _ aramwyemsni, garna mgelni, amisTvis Sekribna kaTalikoz-episkopozni da samRvdelonimamulisa Tvisisani da sxua-kerZonica, qmna kreba q~sa C~rg [1103 w.] qarTulsat~kg, da TviTca mun mjdomi ara viTarca mefe, aramed viTarca mona, ganamtkicesi~b krebaTa damtkicebuli WeSmariti sarwmunoeba, uRirsni gankueTnes da daaweseserad, xolo Rirsni saydarTa maTTa dasxes~.8
vaxuStis cnobiT, ruis-urbnisis kreba Sedga daviT aRmaSeneblis mier kaxeT-hereTis SemoerTebamde, radganac am krebas eswreboda samRvdeloeba ara marto mefedaviTis `mamulidan~, aramed `sxva - kerZonica~. mefis `mamulis~ qveS igulisxmeba`afxazTa da qarTvelTa~ samefoebi, `sxva - kerZonis~ qveS ki, cxadia, kaxeT-hereTisa, Tbilisis da qvemo qarTlis samRvdeloeba. krebis damTavrebis Semdegmefem SemoierTa `hereT-kaxeTi~, amitomac, misi azriT, ruis-urbnisis kreba Sedgaara 1104 anda 1105 wels, kaxeT-hereTis SemoerTebis Semdeg, aramed iqamde, aseTiavaxuStis cnoba.
imereTis saeklesio krebis Sesaxeb vaxuSti wers - `JamTa amaT Sina, iqmnaganteveba colTa, klva kacTa da idumal tyvis yidva da usjuloni sjulsa zedamravalni imereTsa Sina. amisaTvis Sekrbnen qarTlisa kaTalikozi malaqia, afxazTakaTalikozi evdemon da yovelni episkopozni imereT-odiSisani. xolo episkopoznieseni iyvnen: quTaTeli svimon, genaTeli antoni, Wyondideli, bedieli, moqveli,drandeli filipe, cagereli kozman, xoneli zaqaria, nikorwmindeli ioakim,Caiseli kvirile. amaT ganaCines moqmedTa maTTaTvis jerovani Serisxuani, dawernesda SeaCuenes moqmedni misni, viTarca gvauwyebs aRwerili maTi~.9
ioane bagrationis `sjuldeba~ warmoadgens saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlisistoriisaTvis mniSvnelovan Zegls, masSi gvxvdeba mosazrebani saqarTveloseklesiis umaRlesi sammarTvelo organos - `dikasteriis~, eklesiis meTaur`kaTalikosis~, eklesiebSi `saqveyno saqmeTa gancxadebis~, qarTvel mefeTaganTavianT kaTedrebze ̀ episkoposTa dasmis~, samxedro ̀ jaris mRvdelTa~, ̀ samRvdelowesdebisa~ da sxvaTa Sesaxeb.
i. bagrationis `sjuldebis~ teqstis gamomcemlis, iv. surgulaZis TvalsazrisiT,es Zegli arasodes yofila `sakanonmdeblo aqti~, imJamindeli samarTlis wyaro,aramed mxolod proeqts warmoadgenda, romelic avtorma miarTva mefe giorgi XIII-s,magram, Cveni TvalsazrisiT, mas garkveuli formiT gavlena mouxdenia saqarTveloseklesiis samarTalze mogvianebiT, kerZod, avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg. CvenvgulisxmobT im garemoebas, rom ioane batoniSvilis mier dikasteriisaTvisdakisrebuli funqcia da misi Semadgenloba gvagonebs 1917-1927 wlebSi saqarTve-los eklesiaSi moqmed 1917 wlis krebis mier dadgenil `sakaTalikoso sabWos~.saqme isaa, rom `sjuldebis~ mniSvnelovani nawili daibeWda da gamoqveyndasasuliero organoSi ̀ mwyemsi~, romelsac d. RambaSiZe redaqtorobda, 1894-1896 ww.igi am sasuliero JurnalSi uwyvetad, TiTqmis ori wlis manZilze ibeWdeboda(sul daibeWda 16 nomerSi), rogorc cnobilia, TiTqmis amave epoqaSi daiwyoavtokefaluri moZraoba, qarTveli samRvdeloeba im dros eZebda momavalisakaTalikoso eklesiis mmarTvelobis formebs. Cans, am dros momavali sakaTalikososabWos Semadgenlobisa da funqciis gansazRvrisas maTze zegavlena iqonia i.batoniSvilis sjuldebis qveTavma `samRvdelo wesdeba~, romelSic paragrafiasaTauriT: `dikasteriisa anu sasuliero wesdebisaTvis~.10 dikasteria asea ganmarte-buli - `dikasteria (anu sasuliero samarTali), anu saeklesio saqmeebi. sakurTxi
8 qarTlis cxovreba, t. IV, 1973, gv. 156; 9 iqve, gv. 824; 10 i. bagrationi, sjuldeba, 1957, gv. 23-27.
10 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mRvdelni, arqimandritni, episkoposni iyos gamorCeviT dikasteriis wevrTagan.dikasteriis wevrni iyvnen Semdegni: 1. kaTalikosi; 2. tfileli; 3. oriarqimandriti; 4. ori dekanozi; 5. mefis moZRvari; 6. mefisagan miCenili Tavadi(sasulieros mTavari); 7. samni, anu orni mweralni. ese yovelni SekrbebodnenkviraSi orjer orSabaTs da paraskevs da yovelni sasuliero saqme da samarTaliamaT mier ganixilebodes~.11 i. batoniSvilis dikasteria 10-12 wevrisagan Sedgeba.1917 wlis `eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis~ mixedviT `sakaTalikoso sabWo~Sedgeba 12 wevrisagan, maT Soris pirveli kaTalikosi iyo. sabWos igive funqciaeniWeboda, rac dikasterias. `sabWos dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saeklesiodawesebulebaTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis ($8), igive funqcia aqvs `dikasterias~ -`yoveli sasuliero saqme da samarTali~ mas ekuTvnis.
iv. surgulaZe dikasterias ase ganmartavs - `kolegialuri xasiaTis sasulierodawesebuleba administraciuli da sasamarTlo funqciebiT~.12 `kalmasobaSi~ i.bagrationi dikasteriis Sesaxeb wers - `dikasteria ars berZnuli sityva,romelic niSnavs upirveles samsajulsa da samsajulTa SesakrebelTa adgilTa~.13
rusuli eklesiis mmarTvelobis Sesabamisad, es dawesebuleba anton II-is mmarTvelo-bis bolo wlebSi qarTlis sakaTalikosoSic dainerga, arsebobda egzarqosobispirvel xanaSic. i. batoniSvilis `dikasteriac~ emsgavseba rusul saeklesiommarTvelobis formas. magaliTad, dikasteriis wevri e.w. `mefisagan miCenuliTavadi (sasuliero mTavari)~ igivea, rac rusul uwmides sinodSi saimperatoroxelisuflebis mier daniSnuli oberprokurori. am `sjuldebiT~ kaTalikosisfunqcia SezRudulia dikasteriis mier, es ukanaskneli eklesiis faqtobrivimmarTvelia. mefisagan `miCenili sasuliero mTavari~ saero xelisufalia, romelickontrols uwevs sasuliero xelisuflebas, mis xelSia sasuliero ganaTlebis saqmeckaTalikosTan erTad. proeqtis mixedviT, qarTul saxelmwifoSi grigorianuli dakaTolikuri eklesiebisaTvis da mahmadianebisaTvisac unda Camoyalibebuliyo Sesa-bamisi dikasteriebi. ioane batoniSvilisaTvis, iseve, rogorc mamamisisaTvis giorgiXIII-isa da papisaTvis (erekle II-isaTvis) rusuli saxelmwifoebrivi wyobilebamisabaZ magaliTs warmoadgenda. ioanec cdilobs mis gadmonergvas saqarTveloSi,adgilobriv wyobilebasTan mis SeTavsebas. ruseTSi 1721 w. petre I-ma gaauqmapatriarqoba. saqarTveloSi kaTalikosobis instituti ise Zlieri iyo, rom TviTproeqtSic ki mas batoniSvili ver Seexo, Tumca, rogorc aRiniSna, misiZalaufleba SezRuda. misi azriT, `kaTalikosi Rirsebisamebr da ara mefis ZeobiTikurTxebodes kaTalikosad, vinc iyos mecnier da patiosani~.14 Tu iqamdekaTalikosis xelSi iyo eklesiis mTeli Semosaval-gasavali, proeqtiT mas daeniSnaxelfasi wliurad 250 Tumani vercxlis fuli, garda amisa, mas sakaTalikososSemosavlidan unda miscemoda mudmivad `eqvsi sulisa sadilisa da vaxSmisaxoragi~. kaTalikosis mudmiv damxmare TanamSromlad iniSnebodnen - `oriarqimandriti, eqvsi mRvdel-monazoni, oTxi mTavardiakoni, ori diaCoqi (kerZodiakoni) lamprisa da kverTxis mWerali, ori moJamne, erTi xelis dambani, erTimwignobari, rva mgalobeli~, amaT garda `Semosavlebis mcvelni da eklesiisnivTebis mcvelni, erTi ikonomosi da saWmlis rigis mimcemi ori mwerali, orimzareuli, ori mepure, oTxi yuluxCi (mcveli mxlebeli), oTxi fareSi, orimekare da ezos mgveli, erTi eklesiis damgveli, sami mejinibe da ezos mejoreda ise xuTi mosamsaxure~.15 maTTvis kaTalikoss `sakaTalikoso Semosavlidan~miecemoda Sesabamisi `xoragi~ da saxarjo. `odes mefes an sxvaT miiwvevskaTalikosi, maSin Semosavlidam aqvs neba daxarjos weliwadSi oTxgzis stumro-bisaTvis~ da sxva msgavsi gansazRvrebani gvxvdeba sjuldebaSi.
11 i. bagrationi, sjuldeba, 1957, gv. 25; 12 iqve, gv. 76; 13 `kalmasoba~, II, 1948, gv. 28; 14 iqve , gv.23; 15 iqve, gv. 23.
11saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
asevea gansazRvruli episkoposTa xarjebic, kerZod, mTavarepiskoposebs: alaver-dels, bodbels, mrovels da nekresels eZlevaT TanamSromlad ̀ TiTo arqimandriti,oTx-oTxi mRvdelmonazoni an mRvdeli, or-ori mTavardiakvani, sam-sami mgalobeli,or-ori moJame mwignobari, orni diakonni, sam-sami msaxuri, erTi mzareuli, erTimepure, ori fareSi anu karis mcveli da damgveli, TiTo mejinibe, samimosamsaxure. maT eZlevaT `jamagiri TeTrad~ da `ulufa eklesiidam~. sxvaepiskoposebsac msgavsadve odnav Semcirebuli TanamSromlebi eZlevaT. amis garda,maT xelSia `kondakiT naSovni~, anu sxvadasxva wesis SesrulebisaTvis miRebuliSemosavali `saimtverio da sawiravi TviT moixmaron~.16 XX s-Si gardacvlilisWirisuflebisaTvis mezobel-naTesavTa mier mitanil Sesawevar fuls `gadasaxuravi~erqva (imereTSi), rogorc Cans, imave mniSvnelobisaa ̀ wasaxuravi~ sjuldebaSi. mefisgardacvalebis dros `episkoposni wasaxuravs nurRa miarTmeven mefeTa, nucasaimtveriosa aRiReben amisTvis, radgan mefeTa arian dasmulni episkoposad dasamRvdelod ganwesebulni~.17
aq sainteresoa is, rom saepiskoposo kaTedrebze episkoposebi Zvel saqarTveloSi`daismebodnen mefeTa mier~. kaTedra mefis iyo. rogorc sxva sabuTebidan Cans,mitropolitis da sxva msgavs wodebasac mefe iZleoda. rusuli wesdebis mixedviTnakurTx episkoposs kaTedras mefe aZlevda _ (Bp,hfyyjve kbwe j,]zdkztncz Dscjxf-
bitt gjdtktybt j ,snbb tve tgbcrjgjv nfrjv-nj uhflf).18
ganvixiloT `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~ (teqsti gamosca da gamokvlevadaurTo daviT furcelaZem, Tb., 1964). qarTl-kaxeTis bolo mefis, giorgi XII-isbrZanebiT, mis vaJs, daviT batoniSvils moqmedi samarTlis mosawesrigeblad daevalaSeedgina samarTlis wigni, romelic wodebulia viTarca `samarTali batoniSvilisdaviTisa~. esaa XVIII-XIX ss-Ta mijnaze Sedgenili Zegli, Sedgenili imdroindelirusuli samarTlis Zeglebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
daviT batoniSvilis samarTali saqarTvelos eklesiisa sasuliero pirebis mimarTmoiTxovs pativiscemas, rasac Sesabamisad asabuTebs kidec. kerZod, 149-e muxlSinaTqvamia - `qveyana Cveni Soris warmarTTa ars mdebare, romlisaTvisca xamsyovelTa samRvdeloTa pativiscema~;19 batoniSvili daviTi iyo eklesiisa dasarwmunoebis moyvaruli, keTilmorwmune. zrunavda eklesiis gaZlierebisa daayvavebisaTvis, rac aisaxa kidec misi samarTlis muxlebSi. me-100 muxlSi naTqvamia:`eklesia aris gvirgvini mefisa da dideba da wyaro yovlisa bednierebisa, dagaaxlebuli kacisa RvTisa Tana, da mpoebeli bednierebisa viTarca dausrulebelsamas saukunesa, egreTve dasrulebadsaca amas, amisaTvis xams, romel mefeTagan daerTa iyos pativcemul da didebul~.20
eklesia bednierebis wyaroa, rogorc am wuTisofelSi (`dasrulebadsa amassaukunesa~), ise im qveynad. daviTi wuxs, rom saqarTvelos eklesia TiTqmis`dacemisadmi miwevnul ars~ imis gamo, rom ̀ arca mefeTa, arca TavadTa, aznaurTada glexTa aqunda misadmi zrunva~, ufro metic, ersa Tu bers mis mimarT guligagrilebuli aqvs, amitomac arian kidec damdablebul-daglaxakebulni, TviTmeurveebi Zarcvavdnen (`krexden~) eklesiebs da saeklesio qonebas aZlevdnen TavianTnaTesavebsa da aznaurebs. amis mxilvelio, wers batoniSvili daviTi, `aRvityineSuriTa~ (e.i. vinebe), raTa samociqulos wesdebis msgavsad Semedgina saeklesiowesdeba, raTa eklesia daubrundes Tavis Zvel didebas, rogorc hqonda Cveniwinaprebis droso.
16 ̀ kalmasoba~, II, 1948, gv. 24; 17 iqve, gv. 31; 18 Îáîçðåíèå öåðêîâíî-ãðàæäàíñêèõ óêàçàíèè ïî äóõîâíîìóâåäîìñòâó, ÑÏÁ, 1900, ñ. 84; 19 `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, gv. 85; 20 iqve, gv. 162;
12 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
21 `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, muxli 100, gv. 163; 22 kaTolikos-patriarqi kalistrate,`mware mogonebani~, manglis walkis eparqiis arqivi, s. #7, xelnaweris asli, gv. 44; 23 iqve , gv.XXI; 24 `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, gv . 164 ; 25 iqve, gv. 166.
daviTi miiCnevs, rom episkoposTa raodenoba unda Semcirdes, radganac maTisiWarbe aglaxakebs eklesias. saqarTveloSi mravali episkoposia, wers daviTi, magrammaT ara hyavT imdeni mrevli, ramdenic episkoposebs unda hyavdeT saerTod. `esears pirveli mizezi daglaxakebisa eklesiisa~ imis gamo, rom maT gasavalsSemosavali ver eTanxmeba, `ara Sesworebis~, xolo Tu episkoposi daglaxakda (e.i.gaRaribda), es ar ekadreba mis xarisxsa da Rirsebas, Tu Tavisi RirsebisSesabamisad moiqceva, misi Semosavali amas ver gawvdeba, amitomac gadavwyviteT,rom saqarTveloSi (gulisxmobs qarTl-kaxeTs) sul oTxi episkoposi eyolebaT, maTgauCndebaT ufro meti samwyso da TavianTi xarisxis Sesabamisad moiqcevian, maTimovaleoba aris qadageba saxarebisa, warmarTTa moqceva, radganac isini arian erismoZRvarTa Tavni.21
sxvaTaSoris, TiTqmis saukunis Semdeg kaTolikos-patriarq kalistrates piriqiTmiaCnda, rom saqarTveloSi episkoposTa ricxvi usaTuod unda gazrdiliyo, raTamaTi swavleba da madli mrevlamde misuliyo.22 marTlac, XIX s-Si eparqiaTagauqmebam mZime sarwmunoebrivi Sedegi gamoiRo.23
daviT batoniSvilis Tanaxmad, `pirveli episkoposi~ TbilisSi unda iyos, masmitropolitis wodeba eqneba, viTarca dedaqalaqis mRvdelmTavars. misi samwysoaris mcxeTamde diRomi, Tbilisis garemoni, walka-TrialeTi, qvemo qarTli, kaxeTisnawili. meore episkoposi arqiepiskoposis wodebiT bodbeli unda iyos, mis samwysoSiSeva gaRmarTi da gamoRmarTi kaxeTi, e.i. alaznisiqiTa mxare (gaRmarTi) kaxeTi, anudRevandeli saingilo da alaznisaqeTa teritoria. mesame iwodeba gorisa da mcxeTis,anu qarTlis episkoposad. misi samwyso mTeli qarTlia samaCablomde. meoTxeepiskoposi ̀ ars mTebisa: didisa liaxvisa, patarisa, qsanisa, aragvisa, TuSisa, fSavisada xevsureTisa da eseve ars xarWaSnelica~.24
daviT batoniSvilis samarTali CvenTvis imiTaa saintereso, rom saqarTveloseklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebis Semdeg eparqiaTa ricxvis Secirebisa da axalieparqiebis ricxvis gansazRvris dros, rogorc Cans, ruseTis saeklesio dasaxelmwifo xelisuflebas usargeblia daviT batoniSvilis samarTlis wignisaRniSnuli me-100 muxliT. rogorc cnobilia, rusulma xelisuflebam aRmosavleTsaqarTveloSi erT periodSi marTlac oTxi saepiskoposo daaarsa. rusebma erTperiodSi marTlac daaarses `mTis eparqia~ daviTis zemoaRniSnuli muxlisSesabamisad, masSi Seiyvanes saqarTvelos mTianeTis mosaxleoba, oRond rusebma masratomRac `oseTis eparqia~ uwodes. masSi aragvis xeobac Sedioda. amasTanave,rusebi gamudmebiT unergavdnen am eparqiis mrevls, rom isini eTnikurad osebiiyvnen (es sakiTxi sxvagan gvaqvs ganxiluli).
amasTanave, daviTi miiCnevs, rom arqimandritebis ricxvic oTxiT undaganisazRvros, maTi Semosavali mefis xazinaSi unda Sevides, saidanac miecemaT`jamagiri sakmao~, gauqmebuli saepiskoposoebis Semosavali ̀ daidvas SkolaTaTvis dasaswavloTa da stambisaTvis~.
batoniSvil daviTs surda saqarTvelos eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Sorisdamyarebuliyo iseTive damokidebuleba, rogoric iyo imJamindel ruseTSi. kerZod,eklesiis mmarTvelobiT organod moiazrebs dikasterias. imave me-100 muxlisTanaxmad, `upirvelesi dikasteria, romlisa mierca imarTebis saqarTvelos sasuli-ero jer-ars ese tfilissa Sina yofad~.25
13saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
dikasteria Sedgeboda zemoaRniSnuli 4 mRvdelmTavrisagan (1 mitropoliti da3 episkoposi). amasTanave, mitropoliti mudmivi wevria, xolo sxva episkoposebioTx-oTxi TviT asruleben wevris movaleobas dikasteriisa. maT garda dikasteriiswevrebi arian karis moZRvari, mefis moZRvari, karis dekanozi da sionis dekanozi.am ukanasknelis Secvla SeuZlia romelime sxva `swavlul da Rirs~ mRvdels.
dikasterias unda hyavdes erTi prokurori mefisa. igi ucxadebs dikasterias`mefis brZanebas~. es prokurori dikasteriis wevrebis meTvalyurea (`mWvreteli~),raTa raime sakiTxi ukanonod ar gadawydes. dikasteriaSi yoveli saqme undagadawydes ̀ sjulis kanoniTa, dadebuliTa wmidaTa mamaTaTa, raica ara ipoebodesmun, ixmaron aRsavsebelad kanoni berZenTa mefeTani,26 e.i. e.w. `samarTaliberZuli~, an `kanoniTa Cemgan dadebuliTa~ - wers daviT batoniSvili. misiveazriT `kerZo dikasteria~ unda arsebobdes eparqiebSi episkoposis karze. misiwevrebi arian iqauri arqimandriti da eparqiis pirveli dekanozi. daviTis azriT,eklesiaSi sasuliero pirebis (e.i. `moweseTa~) ricxvi didi ar unda iyos,radganac maTi simravle iwvevs `friadsa mwirobasa~ (e.i. siRaribes). dikasteriaikribeba oTxSabaT-paraskevs.
monofizitebisaTvis (somxuri eklesiis mrevlisaTvisac) unda arsebobdes e.w.`somxis dikasteria~. saqarTvelos mefes gansakuTrebuli damokidebuleba aqvsaxpatis somxuri saepiskoposos mimarT. es eparqia teritoriulad mdebareobdasaqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi, amitomac `axpatis monasteri ars mefisa da mamulicaimisi _ mefisa~, mis mimarT eCmiawinis kaTalikoss ̀ ara aqus araraime samarTali~.axpatis episkoposs saqarTvelos mefe akurTxebinebs kaTalikoss eCmiawinisas. amepiskoposs mefe gamoirCevs da Semdeg mis kurTxevas Txovs kaTalikoss.27
sazogadod, somexi mRvdlis kurTxevis nebarTvac mefem unda misces, radganacTu `pirveli moqalaqeni da vaWarni~ miatoveben Tavis saqmes (e.i. vaWrobas) daxucesad ekurTxebian, amiT samefos Semosavali moakldeba.28
Tu SevadarebT, daviT batoniSvili winaaRmdegia ara marto qarTveli (e.i.marTlmadidebeli) samRvdeloebis gamravlebisa, aseve winaaRmdegia somexi (e.i.monofiziti) samRvdeloebis gamravlebisa, radganac ̀ amiT isini miatoveben vaWrobas,rac saxelmwifos Semosavlis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani wyaroa~. aqedan Cans, romxelmwifis kars qveyanaSi somxuri mosaxleobis yofna sasargeblod miaCnia. amiTunda iyos gamowveuli erT-erTi kanoni, romelic nebas rTavs marTlmadidebelTa,monofizitTa da kaTolikeTa (qarTvelTa, somexTa da frangTa) SeuRlebas -`Tvinier yovlisa winaaRmdegobisa~.29
mahmadianTa meCeTebic mefis prokuroris meTvalyureobis qveS imyofeba.
daviTi qarTuli eklesiis sakuTrebas mkveTrad mijnavs saxelmwifo sakuTreb-isagan. amiTaa gamowveuli arsi me-17 muxlisa. kanoni ukrZalavs martoxelas beradSedgomisas Tavisi miwa-wylis eklesiisaTvis gadacemas. miiCneva, rom mamuli mefisaa,xolo eklesiisaTvis Sewirvis Semdeg _ ukve aRar iqneba mefisa. `nu ikadrebsyovladisa mamulisa Tvisisa eklesiisadmi Sewirvasa, romelica ese ars mefisa, raTaara waruwydes samefosa da sazogadoebasa~.29
saerTod, rogorc daviT batoniSvilis samarTlidan Cans, misi drois samefokaris (XVIII s. bolo wlebSi) pirveli piri mzad iyo gaeuqmebina kaTalikos-patriarqis Tanamdebobac ki (mis dikasteriaSi ar Cans qarTuli eklesiistradiciuli pirveli ierarqi), oRondac rogorme qarTuli samarTali damsgavse-
26 `samarTali batoniSvilis daviTisa~, 1964, 167; 27 iqve , gv. 170; 28 iqve, 171; 29 iqve, gv. 171.
14 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
boda rusuls. xolo es ukanaskneli, e.i. rusuli samarTali, Cans, ruseTis imperiiswarmatebis erT-erT safuZvlad miiCneoda. faqtobrivad ki, daviTma instruqcia`moumzada~ ruseTis xelisuflebasa da sinods qarTuli eklesiis tradiciuliiersaxis Sesacvlelad.
Zvel saqarTveloSi, rogorc sjuldebidan Cans, iyo `samxedros jaris mRvdelTaufrosis~ Tanamdeboba, e.i. samxedro mRvdlebic. maT imdenad didi mniSvnelobaeniWebodaT, rom `jaris mRvdelTa ufrosi~ dikasteriis sxdomebs eswreboda daeqvemdebareboda `sulier mTavars~, anu mefis warmomadgenels dikasteriaSi.
aleqsandre amilaxvarma (1750-1802) Tavis TxzulebaSi `brZeni aRmosavleTisa,anu saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis mowyobis misi gansazRvra~ meoTxe Tavi miuZRvna`saeklesio wesebs~. misi TvalsazrisiT, `saeklesio wesebi~ dasabamiTve keTiliganzraxviT iqna SemoRebuli, raTa adamianTa boroteba SeezRuda da daemSvidebi-na~.30 am Tavs aleqsandre amilaxvari amTavrebs mosazrebiT, rom mRvdelmTavrebi`am qveynis meurveebad arian dadginebulni~, amitomac maT Sesabamisi pativi undamivagoT, amasTanave, unda gavarCioT isini (samRvdeloeba) am qveynis Cveulebrivixalxisagan (`sofluri kacebisagan~), isini ar unda ereodnen im saqmeebSi, romelnicmaT ar SeeferebaT. aleqsandre amilaxvari gamoTqvams wuxils, rom qristesmoZRvrebis da misi cxovrebis zogierTi gamgrZelebeli (e.i. zogierTi samRvdelopiri) simSvidis nacvlad, SfoTs Tesavs, ara marto Tavis qveyanaSi, aramed mTelqveyanaze (e.i. msoflioSi): `qriste siRaribeSi cxovrobda, misi (moZRvrebis)gamgrZelebelT ki mefobaze rCebaT Tvali. qriste erTmaneTisaTvis locvasgvaswavlida, eseni ki erTmaneTs SeaCveneben... marTlac erTi eklesia meoresSeaCvenebs~.31 aleqsandre amilaxvari askvnis, rom miviRoT rCeva - ̀ ar SevaviwrovoTsxva sarwmunoebis mimdevarni da neba davrToT, Tavisi rjulis Sesabamisad ilocon~,31
magram maT, e.i. sxva sarwmunoebis mqone xalxsa da eklesias unda davudoT garkveulizRvari, romelsac aRar gadavlen, radganac qveyanaze araferia usazRvro da arafriskeTeba ar gamodgeba uzomod~.31 aleqsandre amilaxvari specialistebis TvalsazrisiTimJamindeli evropeli moazrovneebis mimdevaria da maTgan gadmoaqvs qarTulsinamdvileSi zogierTi Tvalsazrisi. Tumca ki, is warmoadgens Rrmad morwmuneqristians da wers kidec, rom RmerTi, Semoqmedi yvelaze maRalia, Cven mis winaSeyvelani Tanasworni varT, igi gvexmareba, rom Cveni amqveyniuri sicocxlis dRenimSvidobiT ganvvloT, xolo imqveyniuri, anu saukunovani cxovrebis dros ufaliRmerTis winaSe warvdgeT `arawinaaRmdegobiT aRsavseni~.32 samwuxarod, aleqsandreamilaxvris meore naSromidan `georgianuli istoria~ Cans, rom misi avtorisinamdvileSi warmoadgens separatistuli Tvalsazrisis mqone adamians, romelicewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos erTianobis ideas. misi azriT, mefe Teimuraz II mxolodkaxeTis mefea da qarTlis samefos amklebi,33 romelic qarTlis samefo taxts`ukanonod, mimZlavrebiT daepatrona~. qarTlis taxtis memkvidreebi SeiZleba ufroamilaxvarTa sagvareulo iyos, vidre kaxeTis bagrationebi.34
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis pirvel mkvlevarad iTvleba nikolozTadeozis Ze xizanaSvili, niko urbneli (20.09.1851, sof. maRladovleTi, gorismazra - 28.12.1906, Tbilisi), qarTveli mecnieri, iuristi, istorikosi, eTnografi,publicisti, literaturis kritikosi. 1870 wels daamTavra Tbilisis sasulieroseminaria, 1876 wels novorosiis universitetis (odesa) iuridiuli fakulteti,muSaobda gamomZieblad. xizanaSvilis samecniero moRvaweobis mTavari dargiqarTuli samarTlis istoria iyo. am dargis specialobiTi kvleva-Zieba pirvelad
30 a. amilaxvari, `brZeni aRmosavleTisa, anu saxelmwifo mmarTvelobis mowyobis misi gansazRvra~,Tbilisi, 1997, gv. 16; 31 iqve, gv. 17; 32 iqve, gv. 27; 33 iqve, gv. 42; 34 iqve, gv. 68.
15saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
xizanaSvilma daiwyo. Zveli qarTuli samarTlis umniSvnelovanesi sakiTxebisadmimiZRvnil monografiebs Soris gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia misi ori naSromi: ̀ aTabagibeqa da aRbuRa da maTi samarTali~ da `Zeglisdeba mefe giorgi brwyinvalesi~.xizanaSvilma safuZvlianad Seiswavla qarTuli samarTali da ostaturad gamoiyenaigi sakanonmdeblo ZeglebiT gaTvaliswinebuli institutebis gamosakvlevad. xizanaS-vilis iuridiul naSromebs fuZemdebluri mniSvneloba aqvs qarTuli samarTlisistoriis mecnierebisaTvis. xizanaSvils ekuTvnis mravalmxriv saintereso publicis-turi werilebi, misi naSromebidan saeklesio samarTali Sesulia TxzulebebSi: 1.eTnografiuli nawerebi, Tb., 1940 (masalebi saqarTvelos eTnografiisaTvis); 2.rCeuli iuridiuli nawerebi (i. doliZis gamocema, Tb., 1982).
n. urbnelma Seiswavla ruis-urbnisis kreba da miiCnia qarTuli samarTlissaukeTeso Zeglad,35 agreTve, 1543-49 ww. krebis, e.w. `kaTalikozTa samarTali~.36
qarTuli samarTlisa da, kerZod, saeklesio samarTlis udidesi mkvlevaria didiiv. javaxiSvili. iv. javaxiSvilma gamoaqveyna Sesabamisi Sromebi: 1. `socialuribrZolisa da demokratiuli reformebis Sesaxeb IX-XI saukuneebis qarTuleklesiaSi~, 1904 w. rusul enaze;37 2. `saxelmwifo wyobileba Zvel saqarTvelosada Zvel somxeTSi~, 1905; 3. `saqarTvelos mefe da misi uflebis istoria~;38 4.`zneobrivi moZRvrebis istoria~39 (exeba samonastro cxovrebas); 5. `qarTulisamarTlis istoria~ (wigni I, 1919, quTaisi); 6. `qarTuli samarTlis istoria~(wigni I da wigni II, 1928).
iv. javaxiSvilis `qarTuli samarTlis istoriis~ pirvel wignSi SesabamisisiRrmiT aris ganxiluli `saqarTvelos adgilobrivi krebebis Zeglebi~. adgilobrivkrebebs iv. javaxiSvili or jgufad yofs. pirvel wignSi Sedis krebebi, romelnicgankuTvnili ar yofila kanonmdeblobiTi moRvaweobisaTvis, aramed moiwviessaeklesio kanoniT dawesebuli normis Sesabamisad, meoreSi ki aTavsebs kanonmdebelkrebebs, romelnic pirvelxarisxovani sakiTxebis gansaxilvelad iqna mowveuli.40
iv. javaxiSvili darwmunebulia, rom saqarTvelos eklesiis organizaciuladCamoyalibebisTanave, anu `TviTmwysobis pirvelad SemoRebis~ Semdegve, Catardamravali adilobrivi kreba, magram Sesabamisi dadgenilebani Cvenamde ar arismoRweuli, rogorc, magaliTad, javaxeTis IX s-is Sua wlebSi Sekrebili krebisSesaxeb giorgi merCules mier Semonaxuli cnoba, ̀ Rrtilas krebis~ Sesaxeb bagratmefis sigelSi da sxv. ivane javaxiSvili daaskvnis - `ramdeni namdvili saeklesiokreba yofila saqarTveloSi, rom maTi kvali am Jamad an gamqrala, an jeraRmoCenili ar aris~.41 ivane javaxiSvili gamowvlilviT mimoixilavs saqarTvelos4 saeklesio krebas, romelTa Sesaxebac meti cnobebi iqna Semonaxuli. esenia - 1.ruis-urbnisis kreba; 2. `1263 w. axlo drois saqarTvelos saeklesio krebismoxseneba da dadgenileba~; 3. ̀ samarTali kaTalikozTa da krebisa mier~; 4. ̀ 1767-68 w. ganCineba~.
ivane javaxiSvils miaCnia, rom ruis-urbnisis kreba Sedga 1103 wels. igi`Semokrba brZanebiTa mefisa~, Tumca kreba `RvTiv-Sekrebilad~ aris gamocxadebuli.krebis mowvevis Taosnoba daviT aRmaSenebels ekuTvnis, rasac arsen monazonikrebis saxeliT daweril `samadlobel qeba-didebaSi~ aRniSnavs. kreba winaswarganzraxuli mizniTa da gegmis gansaxorcieleblad yofila mowveuli da igi
35 n. urbneli (xizanaSvili), rCeuli iuridiuli Canawerebi, 1982, gaz. `iveria~, 1888, #38, 47, 75,270, 271; 36 `moambe~, 1898, #3, 4 ; 37 :eh& vby& yfh& ghjc&^ 1904^ +2^ gan y. 2, gv . 358-372; 38 `cnobisfurceli~, 1905, #28-66; 39 gaz . `iveria~, 1906, #10-13; 40 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormettomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 52; 41 iqve, gv. 53.
16 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
17saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
sagangebo yriloba iyo.42 krebis mizani `saeklesio weswyobilebis, samRvdelmsaxuro
wesebis da mrevlis zne-CveulebaTa da Secodebulebis ganmarTva da mowesrigebayofila~.42 kreba ruis-urbnisis maxloblad, jerovan adgilas, mravali dRis
manZilze grZeldeboda, episkoposTa, mRvdelTa, diakonTa, monazonTa, dayudebulTada meudabnoeTa monawileobiT. mefes mouwvevia `eri mravalni~, `mecnierni~.sarwmunoebrivi sakiTxi krebas ar miuCnevia ganxilvis sagnad, radganac saqarTvelo-
Si daculi sarwmunoeba ubiwo iyo `ara Tu ubiwoebasa qarTvelTa sarwmunoebasabiwi raime Sehxeboda~. krebas ioane kaTalikosi Tavmjdomareobda, romlis tituli
iyo - `yovlad Rirsi mTavarepiskoposi da yovlisa saqarTveloYsa didimamamTavari~. mamamTavari igivea, rac patriarqi. `Tvali wmidisa amis krebisa~yofila giorgi monazoni da mwignobarTuxucesi. krebis mdivani, ivane javaxiSvi-
lis sityviT, yofila arsen monazoni.43 misive azriT, ruis-urbnisis krebisZegliswera oTxi mTavari nawilisagan Sedgeba (I nawili - Sesavali, II -
dadgenileba krebisa, III - daviT aRmaSeneblisadmi miZRvnili saqebeli, misi saTauria`mefe daviTs monazoni arseni~, IV nawili - mravalJamieri cocxali moRvaweebisa
da micvalebulTaTvis saukuno xseneba.44 I nawilSi saqarTvelos pirvelgzisi dameoregzisi gaqristianebisa da qarTuli eklesiis dafuZnebis Sesaxebaa saubariefrem mciris mier Seqmnili koncefciis mixedviT. mas mosdevs saeklesio
kanonmdeblobisa da samarTlis Zeglebis aRnusxva, bunebiTi da dawerili samarTlisganviTarebis mimoxilva.
ruis-urbnisis krebis kanonebi T. Jordanias dauyvia 15 muxlad, iv. javaxiSvili
ki mas 17 muxlad yofs.
II saeklesio kreba, romelsac iv. javaxiSvili ganixilavs, Semdgara 1263 wlisaxlo dros. g. gozaliSvilma aRmoaCina krebis mefisadmi mimarTvis ara dedani,
aramed samuSao piri, savaraudod, XIII s-sa. iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, saeklesiomiwebis gacema, romlis winaaRmdegac iyo mimarTuli kreba, laSa-giorgis Zis mefe
daviTis sibaze siarulis Semdgom daiwyo, e.i. 1263 wels, am saqmeSi basiliWyondidel-ujarmels miuRia monawileoba. igi gandidebula, mbrZaneblad qceula
mefis sibaze siarulisas.45
III kreba saqarTvelos eklesiisa, romelsac ganixilavs iv. javaxiSvili, Semdgara1543-49 wlisaTvis. es Zegli Seuswavlia n. urbnels monografiiT ̀ Cveni saeklesio
istoriidan. samarTali kaTalikozisa~.46 iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, rom `kaTa-likozTa samarTlis~ wigni vaxtang VI-is krebulSi 23 paragrafs Seicavs dadaTariReba krebisa daudgenlad miaCnia. vaxuSti batoniSvili krebis mowvevas
aTariRebs XVII s-is dasawyisiT, m. brose XVI s-is 70-iani wlebiT, s. kakabaZe 1544-62 wlebiT. k. kekeliZe 1543-49 wlebiT, rasac ufro eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvili.
misi azriT, Tavdapirvelad krebis kanonebi mTavrdeboda 22-e muxliT, Semdeg masdaurTes 23-e muxli, anda teqstis mermindel gadamwers SecdomiT gamotovebulimuxli bolos miuweria. Zeglis kanonebi dalagebulia Sinaarsis mixedviT, misi
teqsti pirvandeli saxiT Semonaxuli ar aris. Semdegdroindeli danarTi undaiyos krebis monawileTa xelrTvis Semdeg moTavsebuli muxli, romelic Seexeba
`colis ubralod damagdebs~, romelsac aqvs xalxuri zne-Cveulebisa da uflebriviazrovnebis gavlena.47 ̀ kaTalikozTa samarTlis~ Zeglis Semdgenlebi cdilan Zeglis
Sinaarsi sistemurad daelagebinaT. saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqi am krebaSimonawileobda viTarca qarTuli eklesiis uzenaesi saWeTmpyrobeli, magram kreba
42 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, t. VI, 1982 gv. 54; 43 iqve, gv. 55; 44 iqve, gv. 56; 45 iqve,gv. 60; 46 moambe, 1898, #3, 4; 47 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 65.
18 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
dasavleT saqarTveloSi gaimarTa. Zegli 1913 wels gamosca s. kakabaZem. `kaTa-
likozTa samarTlis wigni XVI s. dasavleT saqarTvelos uflebrivi da socialurimdgomareobis Sesaswavlad mniSvnelovani Zeglia~.48
IV kreba saqarTvelos eklesiisa, romelsac ganixilavs iv. javaxiSvili,
warmoadgens 1767-68 wlebis krebis ganCinebas, romelic 1768 wels daumtkicebiaTerekle mefesa da anton kaTalikozs. es ganCineba yovel episkoposs unda waekiTxa
Tavisi samwysos saydrebSi, Sedgeba 13 muxlisagan, gamosca T. Jordaniam. krebasaeklesio sakiTxebis garda, zogierTi arajansaRi xalxuri wesis da sisxlissamarTlis danaSaulis aRmosafxvreladaa gamiznuli.
qarTul saeklesio samarTls mravalsaukunovani istoria aqvs, Tumca misSeswavlas mxolod XX s-is dasawyisSi Cauyara safuZveli ivane javaxiSvilma. mangamoikvlia, rom qarTul eklesias ZvelTaganve hqonda Tavisi sasamarTlo, Tavisi
ekonomikuri politika, hyavda sakuTari jari, Tavisi ymebi, amasTanave, rac CvenTvissainteresoa, ̀ moepoveboda saxelmwifo marTva-gamgeobis wesebze mowyobili moxeleoba,
da amitom bevris mxriT saxelmwifoebrivi sxeulis Tvisebebi etyoboda... am mxrivqarTuli saeklesio samarTali romis kaTolikeTa eklesiis `Corpus iuris canonici~-s
ufro miagavs, vidre berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio samarTals. aseve, msgavsad amisa,qarTuli eklesia Tavis wes-wyobilebis bevri TvisebiT ufro romis saSualosaukuneebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da rusTa eklesiebs~.49
ivane javaxiSvili garkveviT wers, rom sarwmunoebrivi aRmsareblobiT qarTulieklesia mudamJams marTlmadidebluri iyo da `erTmorwmune~, anu TanamorwmuneberZnuli da rusuli eklesiebisa, amitomac mis saeklesio samarTals safuZvlad
edo msoflio eklesiis Sesabamisi samarTali, dadgenilni msoflio krebebisa dasxva samarTlebrivi institutebis mier, magram igi (saqarTvelos eklesia), viTarca
`saxelmwifo cxovrebasa da wes-wyobilebaSi gansakuTrebuli upiratesobis mqone~erTeuli ara mxolod saeklesio dawesebuleba iyo, aramed TavisTavadi saxelmwi-foebrivi sxeulic. amitom, misi samarTali ufro rTuli Sesaswavlia, vidre
erTmorwmune rusuli da berZnuli eklesiebisa. ivane javaxiSvilis Tanaxmad,qarTuli eklesiis aRniSnul ufleba-upiratesobaTa Sesaxeb cnobebis miReba mxolod
sigel-gujrebidan SeiZleba. am sabuTebSi mravali cnoba exeba saqarTvelos eklesiiskaTalikos-patriarqebis mier centraluri sasamarTlos organizacias.50 Sesabamisad,
rogorc aRiniSna, ivane javaxiSvilis kvlevis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos eklesiasTavisi marTva-gamgeoba mowyobili hqonda `saxelmwifo marTva-gamgeobis wesebze~.51
qarTuli samarTlis wyaroebis mimoxilvisas, iv. javaxiSvili Tavdapirvelad
ixilavs msoflio krebebis kanonmdeblobas, miaCnia, rom saqarTveloSi moqmedikanonmdebloba iyo msoflio eklesiis krebebis kanonmdeblobani da berZnulisjuliskanoni, `didi sjuliskanoni~ upirvelesad, romelic ukve IX-X ss-Si
qarTuladac unda yofiliyo naTargmni, arsen iyalToelma igi xelaxla Targmna.52
ruis-urbnisis krebas arsen iyalToelis naTargmni sjuliskanonisagan srulebiTgansxvavebuli redaqcia hqonia.53 iv. javaxiSvils gamokvleuli aqvs, rom ruis-
urbnisis krebis dadgenilebiT qarTuli eklesiis mier cnobili iyo `didisaklimentosis mier~ dawerili mociqulTa `kanonni saeklesioni~, 7 msoflio kreba
(nikeisa, konstantinopolisa, efesoisa, qalkidonisa, 2 konstantinopolisa, samefosapalatisa gumbadsa Sina momxdari e.w. trulisa, 2 nikeisa), 6 adgilobiTi kreba
48 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 67; 49 iqve, gv. 36; 50 iqve, gv. 67;51 iqve, gv. 38; 52 iqve, gv. 38-41; 53 iqve, gv. 43.
19saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
(ankviriisa, Rangrisa, antioqiisa, laodikiisa, frigiisa, karTagenisa), 8 ganTq-
mul mamaTa mier ganCinebulni da TanaaRricxulni kanonni da kanoniani
epistoleebi petre aleqsandrielisa, grigol neokesarielisa, basili didisa,diodoresa, grigol xucisa, xorepiskoposTa, queSeTTa episkoposTa da amfiloqesa
mimarT, grigol noselisa, timoTe aleqsandrielisa, filoTeos aleqsandrielisaRvTis gamocxadebisaTvis, avginosi, agaTonisa minais episkoposTa mimarT, kvirile
aleqsandrielisa da gennadi konstantinopolelisa~.54 arseni iyalToels `didi
sjuliskanoni~ xelaxla uTargmnia swored im mizeziT, rom ruis-urbnisis krebassxva redaqcia hqonia xelT.55 ivane javaxiSvili Semdgom paragrafSi ixilavs eqvTime
mTawmindelis naSromebsa da saredaqcio muSaobas am sferoSi. adgilobrivi krebebis
ganxilvis Semdeg, exeba saqarTvelos eklesiis upiratesobaTa simtkicis wignebs.ixilavs saqarTvelos eklesiis uzenaesi saWeTmpyroblis gansakuTrebul uflebebs
sakuTari jaris yolisa, laSqar-nadirobaSi gancalkevebuli samxedro erTeulissaxiT monawileobis uflebas da miaCnia, rom es ufleba eklesias miuRia daviT
aRmaSeneblisa da Tamaris Semdeg.56
monastris wes-gangebaTa ganxilvis Semdeg, ivane javaxiSvili ganixilavs saero
kanonmdeblobis Zeglebs, romlebSic mravali sakiTxi exeba saeklesio samarTals: a)
garigeba xelmwifis karisa; b) wesi da gangeba mefeTa kurTxevisa; g) `dasturla-mali~. ̀ bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignis nawyvetis~ ganxilvis dros mecnieri
miiCnevs, rom bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignidan aris Setanili aRbuRas
kanonebSi zogierTi muxli, magaliTad, ̀ meore mefe episkoposi aris da qristianeTasjulisa damamtkicebeli~,57 aRniSnavs, rom, rogorc beqas kanonebSi, ise sakuTriv
aRbuRas kanonebSi arsad mefe moxseniebuli ar aris, yovelTvis patron aTabagzeasaubari.57 iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, rom zogierTi muxlis Sinaarsi beqa-aRbuRas
droindel sazogadoebriv viTarebas ar Seesabameba, aq episkoposi da, sazogadod,
samRvdeloeba srul batonad aris gamoyvanili, maT winaaRmdeg mefe uZluria,araferi ar SeuZlian... amitom es samive muxli (101, 102, 103-e kanoni) iseT xanas
unda ekuTvnodes, roca samRvdeloeba saqarTveloSi, sruli batoni iyo da saero
mTavrobaze maRla eWira Tavi, ese igi daviT aRmaSeneblis uwinaresi xanisa undaiyos. swored am dros iyvnen monazonebi batonad da mTavris mowvevis baraTze
pasuxad SeeZloT SeeTvalaT, bers SenTan `ara hnebavs mosvlao~... am dros beri-arqimandriti iyo imdenad Zlieri, rom Tavisuflad mefes satrfos arTmevda,
monasterSi hketavda. aseT xanas daadgendnen: `rac unda Sescodos episkoposma,
moZRvarma, mRvdelma, Tu monazonma mefeso, mainc xeli ar axloTo, imitom rom,meore mefe episkoposi aris... arca mefesa sjulisa saqme aqvso~.58 iv. javaxiSvili
daaskvnis aRbuRas kanonebis 101, 102, 103-e muxlebis mimarT _ `erTi sityviT,
TviT am kanonebis Sinaarsi gviCvenebs, rom isini TiTqos ufro IX s-issazogadoebrivi ganwyobilebis gamomxatvelia... kanonTa es muxlebi TiTqos ufro
bagrat I kurapalatis droindelad gamodis~.59
ivane javaxiSvili ganixilavs sakanonmdeblo krebis muSaobas, romelmac gamosca
`Zeglis dadeba~ giorgi brwyinvalisa: `sakanonmdeblo krebas es Zegli ramdenime
mTavar nawilad dauyvia~.60 da am sakanonmdeblo krebas Zeglis dadebis Sedgenis drossaqarTveloSi arsebuli kanonmdeblobiT unda exelmZRvanela. `sakanonmdeblo krebis
wevrT xelT marto qarTuli samarTlis Sesaxebi cnoba ki ar moepoveboda, aramed imis
54 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani Tormet tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 45; 55 iqve, gv. 46; 56 iqve, gv. 68;57 iqve, gv. 88; 58 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlis istoria, wigni I, Txzulebani 12 tomad, tomi VI,1982, gv. 89; 59 iqve, gv. 90; 60 iqve, gv. 99.
20 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
gamokvlevac SeeZlo, Tu ama Tu im sakiTxze ucxo qveynis samarTlis wignebSi raewera, amitom safiqrebelia, rom mezobel erTa samarTlis Zeglebis dednad TunaTargmni am drosac saqarTveloSi unda hqonodaT da angariSi gauweviaT~.61
beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis ganxilvis dros ivane javaxiSvili miiCnevs, romaRbuRas Tavis samarTlis wigni sakanonmdeblo krebaze Seudgenia. aTabag-amirspasalar aRbuRas am krebaze mouwvevia mawyvereli, Tavisi `biZa-Ze SaSia damisi Zma safaris moZRvari pafnote, `xuTisave Temisa samcxisa~ taoelTa, klarjTa,SavSvTa da ueWvelia javaxTa da mesxTa `episkoposni, meudabnoeni~, warCinebulnicda ufrosi moxelenic, sakanonmdeblo kreba `WolevTa~-s Seyrila... saWirod ucvniabeqas kanonebisaTvis daematebina axlad gaCenil danaSaulebaTa dasasjelad gankuTv-nili muxlebi~ kerZod, beqas 65 kanons daerTo 32 muxli.
iv. javaxiSvili Sesabamis paragrafSi ganixilavs vaxtang VI-is samarTlis wignTakrebulSi beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis boloSi darTul e.w. `kanonikur samarTals~ damiiCnevs, rom isini SecdomiT aris darTuli.62 rogorc cnobilia, kanonikurisamarTlis muxlebs boloSi miwerili aqvs wyevlaTa formula damnaSavis mimarT- `krul da wyeul, SeCvenebul iyvn~, amasTanave, zogierTi misi muxli emsgavseba,zogjer ki mTlianad imeorebs beqasa Tu aRbuRas samarTlis muxlebs. amis gamoisini miCneul iqna dauTariRebel kanonebad, romelTa `sadaurobis gamokvleva dadaTariReba Cveni mecnierebis morig sakiTxad unda iqnas miCneuli~.63 amasTanave,rogorc iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, misi kanonebi `wyevlakrulviTa da nawilobrivsasjelTa simkacriT mxolod kaTalikozTa samarTlis wigns uaxlovdeba~.63 Cvenamave naSromSi gamovTqviT mosazreba, rom aRbuRam Wulevis monasterSi moiwviasaeklesio kreba - saxelmwifo darbazi, romelsac gansaxilvelad da dasamtkice-blad gadasca iqamde mis mierve Sedgenili e.w. ̀ aRbuRas samarTali~, agreTve amavekrebas dasamtkiceblad, Zveli simtkicis gansaaxleblad gadasca misi uSualowinapris, ̀ beqas samarTali~ da uZvelesi ̀ bagrat kurapalatis samarTali~. samive eswigni krebam daamtkica da zed daurTo e.w. `kanonikuri samarTali~ TavisiwyevlaTa formuliT. saeklesio krebas, rogorc sxva krebaTa masalebSic Cans, aseTiufleba hqonda. maSasadame, e.w. `kanonikuri samarTali~ warmoadgens Wulevissaeklesio sakanonmdeblo krebis mier gamocemul kanonebs, romelic Tan daerTokrebis mierve damtkicebul beqas, aRbuRas da bagrat kurapalatis kanonebs. maTida kanonikuri samarTlis erTiani numeraciac miuTiTebs, rom aseTi mosazreba hqondavaxtang VI-is komisiasac, romelmac gamosca vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebuli.
vaxtang VI-is samarTlis wignTa krebulis ganxilvis dros ivane javaxiSvilimimoixilavs XVIII s-s: `swored gasaocari xana iyo es xana, aseTi dauRalavi,medgari muSaoba, romelsac erTi sazogado mimarTuleba hqonda da farTo daRrma niadagi epyra, uflebas gvaZlevs qarTuli mwerlobis am xanas enciklope-diuri xana davarqvaT saxelad. TiTqmis yvela amdroindel moRvawes azri dagoneba im fiqrisken iyo mimarTuli, rom qarTveli xalxis SemoqmedebiTi niWismravali saukunis namuSevari da naWirnaxulevi SeekribaT, SeeswavlaT da Camomav-lobisaTvis, damTavrebuli, yovelmxrivi warmodgena da cnoba gardaecaT. am diadisaqmis moTaved da sulis Camdgmelad giorgi XI da metadre didebuli, dauviwyarivaxtang VI iyo. man Sekriba Cveni qveynis warsulisa da matianeebis daxelovnebulimcodne pirebi, maTi daxmarebiT saistorio masalebs erTad Tavi mouyara, ZveliSeavso da Seaswora. manve Seagrova qarTuli samarTlis Zveli naSTebi, Zeglebida samarTlis wignebis kodiko Seadgina, manve gamgeobisa da moxeleobis Sesaxebi
61 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlis istoria, wigni I, Txzulebani 12 tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv. 102;62 iqve , gv. 108; 63 iqve, gv. 111.
21saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
masalebi Seagrova da erTi qarTuli saxelmwifo samarTlis wigni ̀ dasturlamali~Seadgina~.64 vaxtang VI-m Sekriba qarTuli Zveli samarTlis wignebi, `kaTalikozisada mefis giorgisa da beqas ganCinebuli samarTlebi~, zed daurTo `dabadebisamoses mier qmnilni samarTalni da kualad berZenTa da somexTa wignTagangardmoTargmnilni~. am Sromis Semdeg man didebulTa samRvdeloebisa damoxeleebis TandaswrebiT `darbazis erTa, WkuaTa myofelTa da moxucebulTakacTa~ TanamSromlobiT axali samarTlis wigni Seadgina, `romelsa zeda mowmobadarTes erTa CvenTa srulobiT saRmrToTa da gina samxedroTa, brZenman damonaxulman yovelmanve erTbamaT~.65
am wignis `berZnulidan naTargmni kanonebis Sesaxeb TavianTi azri akad.brosesagan moyolebuli bevr mecniers aqvs gamoTqmuli... v. sokolskis monogra-fiaSi (Uhtrj-hbvcrjt ghfdj d ekj;tybb uhepbycrjuj wfhz Df[nfyuf VI)66 gamoTqmuliazriT, vaxtangis kodikoSi Setanili `berZnuli samarTlis wigni~ blastarissintagmis Semoklebas warmoadgens armenopulosa da sxva wyaroebiTgan Sevsebuls.67
iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, `samarTlis istoriisaTvis Zvirfasi cnobebimetadre sigel-gujrebSi aris Senaxuli. swored daufasebeli ganZia es ukanaskne-li wyaro imitom, rom igi moqmedi samarTlis viTarebas gvisuraTebs dapiruTvnel sabuTs warmoadgens~.68
iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, eklesias hqonda sagadasaxado Seuvaloba nawilobriv, magramsaqarTvelos eklesias hqonda sasamarTlo Seuvalobis uflebac da misi ymebi mxolodsaeklesio sasamarTlos emorCilebodnen.69
iv. javaxiSvili Tavisi samarTlis istoriis meore wignis meore nakveTismesame Tavs mTlianad uZRvnis eklesias. ganxiluli aqvs eklesiis msaxurTa ufleba-movaleobani, ixilavs eklesiis msaxurTagan xelisuflebis miRebis wess, qristiano-bisa da samonastro moZraobis Tavdapirvel idealebs sakuTrebisa da SromisproblemisaTvis, udabnoebsa da monastrebs, monastrebis pirad Semadgenlobasa damis ufleba-movaleobas, exeba giorgi mTawmindelis mcdelobas eklesiaSi demokra-tiuli wes-wyobilebis dasamyareblad, monastrebSi wes-wyobilebis monarqiuliprincipis respublikuri wesiT Secvlas;70 monasterSi qonebisa da Sromis problemas,imave problemas eriskacTa Soris.71
rogorc zemoT aRniSnulidan Cans, ivane javaxiSvili sagangebod ganixilavssaqarTvelos sul oTx saeklesio-sakanonmdeblo krebas. korneli kekeliZe kiganixilavs Semdeg krebebs saqarTvelos eklesiisas: ruis-urbnisis krebas (1103 w.),romelmac gamosca `Zegliswera~, da XVI s-is krebas, romelmac `sakaTalikozokanonebi~ gamosca imereTSi. agreTve, exeba 1748 wlis, 1755 wlis 16 dekembris,1756 wlis 4 aprilis krebebs da 1762 wels mowveul krebas.
k. kekeliZe sagangebod Seexo saeklesio kanonikas Tavis wignSi ̀ Zveli qarTuliliteraturis istoria~. k. kekeliZis azriT, X s-is bolomde qarTuli saeklesio-iuridiuli mwerloba, am sityvis namdvili mniSvnelobiT, ar arsebobda,72 magramsaeklesio kanonikis cnobili mkvlevaris, vl. beneSeviCis azriT, X s-Si qarTulenaze ukve arsebobda didi, anu 14-titlovani sjuliskanoni foti patriarqisa.73
am azrs iziarebs iv. javaxiSvili Tavis `qarTuli samarTlis istoriaSi~.74
64 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlis istoria, wigni I, Txzulebani 12 tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv.112; 65 iqve , gv. 113; 66 D& Cjrjkmcrbq^ (Uhtrj-hbvcrjt ghfdj d ekj;tybb Uhepbycrjuj Wfhz Df[nfyufVI)^ :ehy& Vby& Yfh & Ghjc&^ 1897^ IX^ c& 56-93 $ 67 iv. javaxiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 114; 68 iqve , gv.122; 69 iqve , gv. 253; 70 iqve, gv. 68; 71 iqve, gv. 88; 72 k. kekeliZe, Zveli qarTuli literaturisistoria, t. I, 1980, gv. 559; 73 Dk& <tytitdbx$ Uhepbycrbq Dtkbrbq Yjvjrfyjy gj cgbcrfv N,bkbccrjujwthrjdyjuj veptz ({hbcnbfy& Dtcnybr)^ n& II^ cnh & 350-351$ 74 iv. javaxiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 19-30.
22 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
k. kekeliZe gamowvlilviT ixilavs aRniSnul mecnierTa argumentebsa da uaryofs
maT. misi azriT, didi sjuliskanoni qarTulad iTargmna ruis-urbnisis krebisSemdeg,75 arsen iyalToelis mier, romelic Semdeg SeuvsiaT sxvadasxva statiiT.
k. kekeliZis azriT, saerTod, kanonikuri krebulebis TargmnisaTvis pirvelad
CvenSi xeli moukidia eqvTime aTonels. praqtikulad, yoveldRiuri saWiroebisaTvis,redaqciis cotaodeni cvlilebiT, qarTul sinamdvilesTan SefardebiT.
k. kekeliZe ikvlevs, rom bizantiaSi eklesiis yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi saxelmZR-
vanelod adgendnen sxvadasxva patara krebuls, praqtikuli moTxovnilebebisaTvis,zogierTi aseTi krebuli qarTuladac uTargmniaT.
k. kekeliZe ikvlevs, rom saqarTvelos eklesia Tavis marTva-gamgeobaSi
xelmZRvanelobda agreTve saeklesio, adgilobrivi kanonmdeblobiT, romlis orga-nod da wyarod iTvleboda: a) kerZo pirTa ganmartebani; b) kaTalikos-patriarqTa
epistoleni; g) samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiuli kodeqsebi; d) qarTul adgilobrivkrebaTa dadgenilebani. kerZo pirTa ganmartebebTan dakavSirebiT, romelicgamoiyeneboda saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobrivi kanonmdeblobis wyarod, k.
kekeliZe wers, rom rodesac wamoiWreboda romelime gadauWreli sakiTxi anproblema, qarTuli eklesia mimarTavda saberZneTis praqtikas, risTvisac sazRvarg-
areTis qarTuli monastris warmomadgenlebs sTxovdnen Sesabamis ganmartebas.magaliTad, giorgi Wyondidels miumarTavs eqvTime aTonelisaTvis, romelsac
Sesabamisi pasuxi da ganmartebani Seudgenia.76
meore wyaros, k. kekeliZis azriT, saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonmdeblobisawarmoadgenda `kanonikuri epistoleebi~. Cvenamde SemorCenilia mxolod erTi,
kaTalikos anton I-sa, romelic gamoucia 1767 wels. es epistole Seicavs 15muxls. k. kekeliZis azriT, `kanonikuri epistoles~ xasiaTi aqvs im `sasjulomcnebas~, romelic XV s-Si miucia antioqiel-ierusalimel patriarqs mixails
ioakime bedielisaTvis afxazeTis kaTalikosad dadginebis gamo.77
samoqalaqo xasiaTis iuridiuli dokumentebidan, romelnic warmoadgendnenwyaros saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv kanonmdeblobisa, k. kekeliZe miakuTvnebs
giorgi brwyinvales Zeglisdebas da beqa-aRbuRas samarTals, Tumca mxolodnawilobrivad, radganac isini mainc samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobis kodeqsebs warmoad-
gens da saeklesio samarTlis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania imdenad, ramdenadacmaTSi alag-alag laparakia eklesiisa da mis msaxurTa Sesaxebac. amave wres
miakuTvnebs k. kekeliZe `xelmwifis karis garigebas~. maTSi saeklesio institutisakmaod reliefuradaa warmodgenili, magaliTad, Wyondideli da moZRvarTmoZRvari:`saeklesio da sasuliero saqmeebis gamge, am ZegliT aris Wyondideli, gelaTis
monastris garda yvela saydari, eklesia da monasteri, xucesi, monazoni dasaeklesio dasni misi saxeloYsani iyvnen. vezirTa Soris mas pirveli adgili
ukavia. aq moxsenebuli arian mcxeTisa da afxazeTis kaTalikosi da episkoposebi:quTaTeli, bedieli, iSxneli, mawyvereli, anCeli da golgoTeli, da ara Tuubralod arian moxsenebulni, maTi ierarqiuli upiratesobac aris aRniSnuli. maT
Soris yvelaze meti pativi iSxnelsa da quTaTels aqvs. am muxlSi es ZegliSesamCnevad gansxvavdeba im dokumentebisagan, romelsac ewodeba `wesi da gangeba
kurTxevisaTvis mefisa Tu viTar dasxden mRvdelmTavarni sruliad saqarTvelosni~an `aRsavalTaTvis samRvdelmoZRvaroTa saydarTa~, romelic `karis garigebis~
Semdeg unda iyos Sedgenili. sakmaod vrcladaa `karis garigebaSi~ laparaki
75 k. kekeliZe, dasax. n aSr., gv. 564; 76 iqve , gv. 567; 77 T. Jordania, qronikebi, II, gv . 294-297.
23saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
78 k. kekeliZe, dasax. n aSr., gv. 564; 79 n. urbneli, saeklesio sjulmdebloba, Zegliswera, `iveria~,1888, #38, 46, 75, 270, 271; 80 iqve, #38, 46, 75, 270, 271; 81 k. kekeliZe, dasax. naSr ., gv. 572;82 k. kekeliZe, etiudebi Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoriidan, t. IV, 1957 w. gv. 336-357.
`moZRvarTmoZRvris~ Sesaxeb. is yovelTvis pirvelad ixsenieba oTx didxarisxovan
berTa an monazonTa Soris, romlebic arian: moZRvarTmoZRvari, Wyondideli dakaTalikosni qarTlisa da afxazeTisa. mas meti pativi aqvs, Tumca is ubralo
episkoposia, vidre kaTalikosebs. pativi misi zogjer Wyondidelis pativsacaWarbebs. mefe darbazSi mas gansakuTrebuli yuradRebiT epyroba~.78
ruis-urbnisis krebis dadgenileba, romelsac ewodeba `Zegliswera wmidisa da
RvTivSekrebulisa krebisa~, k. kekeliZis TvalsazrisiT, Seicavs sam nawils: 1.prologs an Sesavals, romelSic gaTvaliswinebulia eklesiis daarseba sazogadodda saqarTveloSic, kerZod, msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa sakanonmdeblo
moqmedeba da maT msgavsad am ruis-urbnisis krebis mowveva; 2. ruis-urbnisiskrebis kanonmdeblobas da 3. sinodikons, romelSic redaqtori eubneba cocxlebs
(mefe-dedoflebs, kaTalikos-mRvdelmTavrebs da cnobil sasuliero moRvaweebs)`mravalJamiers~, xolo micvalebulebs - `saukuno xsenebas~.
`Zegliswera~ k. kekeliZes TvalsazrisiT, Sedgenilia arsen beris mier. krebas
`dausxams~ da daudgenia 15 kanoni: 1. uRirs mRvdelmTavarTa gankveTisaucilebloba; 2. asaki xeldasxmaTa da dro maTi xeldasxmisa; 3. giorgi
mTawmidelis `kurTxevanis~ sanqcia; 4. e.w. simonia, an xeldasxmisaTvis qrTamismicema; 5. samRvdeloTa WurWelTa da eklesiisadmi SewirulTa siwmideTa, TviniermaTi daniSnulebisa moxmarebis dauSvebloba; 6. gvirgvinis kurTxeva; 7. asaki
dasaqorwinebelTa; 8. ierarqiul pirTa jerovani momzadeba; 9. monastrebismoZRvrebisaTvis, maTi ricxvi da xarisxi; 10. monastrebSi vaWrobis uadgiloba; 11.
sad, rogor da rodis unda sruldebodes micvalebulTa da cocxalTa mosaxsene-beli Jamiswirva da locva; 12. marTlmadideblebad momavalni somexni undanaTelRebul iqnen, viTarca warmarTni; 13. marTlmadidebelTa da warmarTTa
SeuRleba akrZalulia; 14. kidiskide ara erTgan kurTxeva gvirgvinisa dauSvebelia;15. sodomis codvis Sesaxeb.
`Zegliswera~ metad sayuradRebo naSTia qarTuli iuridiuli mwerlobisa, masSi
aRibeWda sazogado saeklesio-iuridiuli normebi (uTiTebs n. urbnels79).
k. kekeliZe ganixilavs `sakaTalikoso kanonebs~, anu `samarTals kaTalikosisa~
da miiCnevs, rom igi aris 1543-49 wlebSi qarTlis kaTalikos malaqias daafxazeTis kaTalikosis evdemon I CxetiZis dros imereTis saeklesio krebis miergamocemuli kanonebi, romelnic damyarebuli yofila `sjuliskanonze~. k.
kekeliZis TqmiT, esaa `didi sjuliskanoni~. am Zeglidan Cans, rom saeklesiosamarTlis iurisdiqcias CvenSi am dros eqvemdebareboda sisxlis samarTlis
danaSaulebani zogierT SemTxvevaSi (uTiTebs n. urbnels80).
k. kekeliZis TvalsazrisiT, ̀ sigel-gujrebs didi mniSvneloba aqvs eklesiisa dasaxelmwifos urTierTSoris damokidebulebis gaSuqebisaTvis, saeklesio samarTlis,
mflobelobisa da baton-patronobis gasaTvaliswineblad. isini xSirad SeicavenmTel kanonmdeblobiT kodeqss eklesiis saqmeTa gamo. magaliTad, biWvinTis gujari.maTi dawvrilebiTi, mecnieruli Seswavla Cven warmogvidgens saeklesio-samoqalaqo
kanonmdeblobis mTlian suraTs~.81
k. kekeliZe, Tavis cnobil naSromSi ̀ kanonikuri wyobileba Zvel saqarTveloSi~82
gamoTqvams mniSvnelovan mosazrebebs, romelic Camoyalibebulia daskvnebis saxiT:
24 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
1. vaxtang gorgaslamde iberiis eklesia warmoadgenda erT administraciulorganizms, romelsac ganagebda erTi mwyemsmTavari.
2. eparqialuri mRvdelmTavris garda, Zvel iberiaSi cnobili iyo agreTveinstituti `mefis saxlis~ episkopozisa, romelsac administraciuli funqciebi arunda hqonoda.
3. Tavdapirvelad iberiaSi umaRlesi ierarqiuli postebi ekavaT rogorcqarTvelebs, ise berZnebs, sirielebsa da somxebs; nacionalizacia ierarqiisa mxolodVI s-is gasulisaTvis Cans damTavrebulad.
4. vaxtang gorgasalma iveriis eklesia 467 wels dayo 13 eparqiad; aman gamoiwviaeklesiis saWeTmpyroblisaTvis kaTolikozis titulis SemoReba, Tumca am titulsmisi matareblis saeklesiaTaSoriso mdgomareobaSi araviTari cvlileba ar mouxdenia.
5. mefobis gauqmebis Semdeg iberiaSi kaTolikozis kandidats iZleva ori saxlian gvari, romelTagan erTi unda iyos elinofiluri partiisa, xolo meoresparsofiluris warmomadgeneli.
6. iberiis eklesia Tavdapirvelad mtkice kavSirSi imyofeboda somexTa eklesiasTan.
7. 609 wels iberiis eklesiam gawyvita kavSiri somxis eklesiasTan, erT-erTimTavari motivi amisa iyo kirion kaTolikozis mier bizantiaSi SeTvisebulipentarqiuli Teoria.
8. somexTagan ganSorebis Semdeg iberiis eklesia, pentarqiuli Teoriis karnaxiT,daeqvemdebara antioqiis sapatriarqos.
9. damokidebuleba antioqiis sapatriarqoze, romelmac VII s-danve nominalurixasiaTi miiRo, sabolood Sewyda XI s-is naxevarSi, rodesac saqarTvelo gaerTiandada Zlier saxelmwifod iqca.
10. dasavleT saqarTvelos, afxazeTis, sakaTalikozo faqtiurad yalibdeba X s-is IInaxevridan, rodesac moxda likvidacia aq arsebuli lazikis berZnuli mitropoliisada abazgiis avtokefaluri arqiepiskopiisa.
11. afxazeTisa da mcxeTis kaTolikozebi iyvnen sworuflebiani gamgeni TavianTisamwysosa, xolo urTierTdamokidebulebaSi mcxeTis kaTolikozs, rogorc sataxtoqalaqsa da `mefeTa-mefis~ ierarqs, miniWebuli hqonda upiratesoba pativisa.83
rogorc qvemoT naSromSi Cans, Cven ar viziarebT k. kekeliZis am daskvnebisumetes nawils.
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebs did adgils uTmobs mRvdeli polievqtoskarbelaSvili Tavis wignSi `ierarqia saqarTvelos eklesiisa, kaTalikosni damRvdel-mTavarni~ (Tbilisi, 1900). polievqtos karbelaSvili saqarTvelos eklesiisistoriis mniSvnelovani mkvlevaria, yovel SemTxvevaSi, maT Soris, romelTacsaqarTvelos eklesiis istoria sagangebod ukvleviaT. samwuxarod, ratomRac misisaxeli miiCqmala. zemoaRniSnuli wigni warmoadgenda k. kekeliZis samagido wigns,mravaljer uTiTebs Tavis `qarTuli literaturis istoriaSi~. am wigns kargadicnobda ivane javaxiSvili da polievqtos karbelaSvilis zogierT daskvnas iRebdamTlianad, yovelgvari kritikis gareSe (magaliTad, p. karbelaSvilis Tvalsazrisi,rom mcxeTasTan dakavSirebiT aTabagebis `ugunurma~ saeklesio politikam sab-olood xeli Seuwyo mesxeTis swraf gamahmadianebas). p. karbelaSvilis mierganxiluli krebebis gadmocemamde ganvixiloT misi zogierTi saintereso mosazrebasamarTlis sferoSi.
83 k. kekeliZe, etiudebi Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoriidan, t. IV, 1957 w., gv. 336-357.
25saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
p. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, mociqulTa swori wm. bagrati, romelsac eklesia 9
Tebervals da 9 ivliss ixseniebs, iyo mTavari kapadokieli da, maSasadame, qarTveli
da igi moaqcia petre mociqulma. bagratma iqadaga italiaSi, I saukuneSi. misive
TqmiT, qarTvelebi (kapadokielebi) iyvnen SavizRvispira kaTedrebis pirveli
mRvdelmTavrebi: andria mociqulis mowafe filologi (sinopis kaTedra) foti(trapizoneli), meleti, ipati, stratofilosi, epaciani da sxvani. misive azriT,
imperatorma traianem kolxeTSi (kerZod, klarjeTSi) gamoaZeva (gadmoasaxla) romis
episkoposi, petre mociqulis mowafe, klimentiosi da, agreTve, pontoeli
(kapadokieli) episkoposi palmosi, warmoSobiT qarTveli, romlis Svili, fazisis
episkoposi markioni mwvalebeli iyo. markioni SendobisaTvis misula romis pap
anikitesTan.84 p. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, wm. giorgi iyo wm. ninos biZaSvili.saqarTvelos pirveli episkoposi ioane warmoSobiT iyo qarTveli (kapadokieli), igi
Cveni eklesiis ierarqi yofila 318 wlidan. maSasadame, Cveni eklesia daarsda, anu
eri moiqca 318 wels. mtkvris piras dResac mdgari Zveli oTxkuTa Senoba
imJamindel `mTavarTa sanaTlavs~ warmoadgenda. matianeebSi moxmobili `zemo
saydari~ - axlandeli dedaTa monasteria samTavroisa. mcxeTis ̀ samirones~ (kvarTze
aRmarTul nagebobas) p. karbelaSvilis dros hqonia vercxlis kari mefe mirianis,viTarca wmidanis gamoqandakebiT. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, ioane mTavarepiskoposobda
318-327 wlebSi. mis dros mirian mefem imogzaura ierusalimSi, iq mirianma aaSena
jvris monasteri, romelic X s-is damlevs ganaaxla berma proxorem, igi XIX s-
mde qarTvelebs ekuTvnodaT. meore mTavarepiskoposis, iakobis (328-360) dros
qarTul enaze gadmoiTargmna wmida werili ebraulidan. iobi iyo episkoposad
360-374 wlebSi, meoTxe mTavarepiskoposis elias (375-394) dros mirdat mefemaaSena bolnisis taZari, romelSic wirva-locva gauqmda rusebis mmarTvelobis
dros, 1809 wels. simeonis dros (395-411) Seipyres da baRdadSi awames sparselebma
mirdat mefe. ionas (412-415) dros daiSala mirianis mier aSenebuli xis taZari
sveticxovlisa. TviTon wmida sveti gadausvenebiaT gareubnis (samTavros) eklesiaSi.
karbelaSvilis azriT, glonoqori, igive mobidani anu mobidagea (432-448) -
mTavarepiskoposi, meTauri qarTuli eklesiisa. momdevnom, miqaelma (449-472) qvebiT
Caqola q. dvinSi krebaze antioqiis patriarqi, somexTa moZRvari petrozmkawvreli. aqedan Cans, rom petroz mkawvreli (petre fuloni) ar SeiZleboda
yofiliyo xeldamsxmeli petre kaTalikosisa, rogorc fiqrobs zogierTi Tanamed-
rove istorikosi. p. karbelaSvilis TqmiT, ierusalimSi iloca vaxtang gorgasalma.
rac Seexeba msoflio saeklesio krebebs, p. karbelaSvilis azriT, maTi mowvevissaWiroeba warmoSva iman, rom IV s-is dasawyisSi, saxelmwifos mier qristianobis
aRiarebis dros, jer kidev ar iyo romis imperiaSi `SemuSavebuli da gamorkveuli
saRmrTo msaxurebaTa aRsrulebis rigi, ar iyo dakanonebuli saqristiano doRmatni
da kanonmdebloba eklesiaTa gamgeblobisaTvis. eklesiis gamgeni xSirad Taviseburad
asrulebdnen eklesiur samsaxursa. Taviseburad esmodaT da xsnidnen saqristiano
doRmatTa. amis gamo mcire aziaSi male iCina Tavi sxvadasxva mwvaleblobam. amitomsaWiro Seiqmna msoflio krebaTa mowveva `ganmarTvad saqristiano da saeklesio
wesTa~.85 `sul 7 msoflio kreba moxda: 1) nikiisa 325 w; 2) konstantinopolisa
381 w; 3) efesoSi 431 w; 4) xalkidonisa 451 w; 5) konstantinopolisa II 553 w;
6) konstantinopolisa III 680 w. da 7) nikiisa II, 787 w.86 aRsaniSnavia, rom p.
karbelaSvili V s-is qarTvel petre ibers, maiumels wmidanad moixseniebs. mohyavs
84 Gkfnjy Bjctkbfyb$ :bpytjgbcfybt cdzns[&&& 1850^ c& 7-8$ 85 p. karbelaSvili, ierarqia saqarTveloseklesiisa, Tb., 1900, gv. 24 ; 86 iqve, gv. 25.
26 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sabuTi, romliTac, misi azriT, mtkicdeba, rom mefe mirianis dros qarTul enaze
`iswavleboda da imoZRvreboda qarTveli eri da mTavarepiskoposni da mRvdelni
kapadukielni iyvnen qarTuli enis kargi mcodneni~.87 amitom petre qarTvelis mier
ierusalimSi daarsebuli qarTuli monastrebi `savseni ber-monazvnebiT~ qarTul enaze
aRasrulebdnen RvTismsaxurebas. isini modiodnen `samSobloSi da Tan mohqondaT
qristianobis da erovnuli grZnobis ganmamtkicebeli swavla-moZRvreba da saeklesio
wignni da arigebdnen eklesiebSi, sadac saWiro iyo~.88
saqarTveloSi saeklesio samarTlis Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili gamoTqvams Semdeg
mosazrebas: `kaTalikozs mieca taxtad sveticxovlis taZari, iwodeboda kaTa-
likozad mcxeTisa da iveriisa TiTqmis 1400 wlis ganmavlobaSi... kaTalikoz-
patriarqi mcxeTidan Tavisuflad ganagebda saqarTvelos saeklesio saqmeebsa da
angariSs aravis aZlevda. kaTalikozis xelqveiTTa-morCilTa Seqmnes samefo samefo-
Si, rogorc Cans, Zvel sigel-gujrebidan da vaxtang VI_is samarTlis wignidan,
im saxiTve, rogorc feodalebma dasavleT evropaSi. kaTalikozi iTvleboda sulier
mefed qveynisa. mefe da kaTalikozi erTnairi pativiTa da uflebiT sargeblobdnen.
Seuracxyofa kaTalikozisa udrida mefis Seuracxyofas. misi Semdegi ierarqiis
sasulierno wevrni gaTanasworebulni iyvnen saero ierarqiis wevrebTan~.89
p. karbelaSvilis TvalsazrisiT, qveynis maRali fenis sagvareuloebi cdilobd-
nen TavianT ojaxs da sagvareulos gamoezarda Tavisi wiaRidan erTi sasuliero
piri mainc: `kaTalikozni, mRvdelmTavarni da sxvani sasuliero warCinebulni
pirni STamomavlobiT ufro xSirad samefo da didebulTa gvarisani iyvnen da
igini pataraobidanve Sesaferis aRzrdasa da ganaTlebas iRebdnen xolme. yoveli
SeZlebuli sagvareulo cdaSi iyo, rom Tavisi saxlidan erTi mwirvel-mlocveli
da RvTis mavedrebeli hyoloda saydarSi. amitom, TiToeuli sagvareulo sakuTar
saydars iSenebda da swiravda SeZlebasa da gvarad uZrav-moZrav qonebasa, romlis
SemosavliTac uzrunvel-yofiliyvnen saydari da `saydris Svilni~ (samRvdeloni)
momavalSi~. amis gamo `eklesia samRvdeloebianad Seiqmna didi mamul-dedulis da
mTabaris patroni~. 1498-1559 ww-is saeklesio gujrebSi eklesias ekuTvnoda 237
sofeli glexebiT da aznaurebiT. kaTalikosis dawesebuli mouravebi krebdnen
saeklesio gadasaxads (maxta, kuluxi) - fuliT da mosavliT. p. karbelaSvili
miiCnevs, rom samefo gadasaxads isini aRar ixdidnen.90 `samefo gadasaxadis
samagierod~, kaTalikozs ekuTvnoda samefoSi arsebuli zogierTi sabaJo, samRebro
da saTevzao adgilebi mtkvarze, alazanze, xramsa da sxva mdinareebze.
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa p. karbelaSvilis mosazreba, rom saeklesio soflebSi
rogorc sisxlis, ise samoqalaqo samarTlis sferos ganagebda ara saero
xelisufleba, aramed saeklesio. sasuliero wodebis samarTlis gavlenis sferoSi
Sedioda ara mxolod saeklesio soflebi, aramed qveynis danarCeni mosaxleobac -
`saeklesio soflebSi samarTali da msjavri, samoqalaqo da sasisxlo saqmeebi
irCeodnen kaTalikozisagan, anu misis davalebiT romelime sasuliero pirisagan.
danarCeni samefo da warCinebulTa saymonic ver icilebdnen Tavidan sasuliero
wodebis samarTalsa da gavlenasa~.91
saqarTvelos eklesiis kanonmdeblobis Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili wers - ̀ samRvde-
loebam Sehqmna sakuTari kanonmdebloba, SemuSavebuli mRvdel-mTavarTa krebaTa
mier erovnul niadagzed~.91
87 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 27; 88 iqve, gv. 28; 89 iqve, gv. 29; 90 iqve, gv. 30; 91 iqve, gv. 31.
27saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
p. karbelaSvili, iseve rogorc Semdeg iv. javaxiSvili, saqarTvelos eklesiis
iurisdiqciis saxes adarebs dasavleT evropisas, igi wers - `gaZlierda dagavrcelda saero xasiaTi sasuliero wodebisa, amis ganmarteba unda veZeboT xalxis
gadaWarbebul sarwmunoebriv midrekilebaSi, rogorc erTxel dasavleT evropaSi iyo~.91
e.i. p. karbelaSvilis azriT, saqarTvelos sasuliero wodebas hqonda agreTve saero,saqveyno mmarTvelobaze xelmwifeba, aseve iyo dasavleT evropaSi, ufro metad pirvel
aTaswleulSi. am msgavsebis mizezad mkvlevars miaCnia qarTvelTa didi sarwmunoebrivisimxurvale, msgavsad aRniSnul dros dasavleT evropisa. igi aRniSnavs, rom ̀ saeklesio
glexni Tavisufalni iyvnen yoveli saero gadasaxadisagan~.91 sisxlis Tu samoqalaqodanaSaulis dros maRali wodebis pirs danaSauli epatieboda `jarimis gadaxdisSemdeg sasargeblod eklesiisa~,92 ber-monazonTa Sesaxeb wers - `igini muqTaT ara
sWamdnen sxvis ofliT moyvanil pursa. dRedaRam swerdnen, sTargmnidnen saWirowignebsa, mxatvrobiT amkobdnen wignebsa, eklesiebsa, amSvenebdnen taZrebsa... ebrZodnen
mters samSoblos da sarwmunoebis dasacavad~.93
saeklesio jaris Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili wers - ̀ kaTalikozsa hyavda sakuTarimxedroba imave wesrigiT rogorc mefesa. spasalarebs, aTasis Tavs, asis Tavs da
sxva moxeleT TviT kaTalikozi niSnavda. omSi an TviT kaTalikozi da episkoposniwinamZRvrobdnen, an spasalarni, rogorc dro da garemoeba moiTxovda. calke
jarebs agrovebdnen, roca saWiro iyo episkoposni da monasterTa winamZRvarni dabrZolis velze gahyavdaT da maTTan erTad Rvridnen sisxlsa~.94
mkvlevaris azriT, kaTalikozi petre I (472-510 w.) warmoSobiT iyo
kapadokieli qarTveli, grigol nazianzelis mowafe, iyo qalkedonizmis erTgulidamcveli, ebrZoda monofizit somxebs. daeswro 490-493 wlebis vaRarSapadiskrebas. mohyavs ̀ qarTlis moqcevis~ cnoba, rom VI s-is 50-ian wlebSi sakaTalikoso
taxtze ori `saxlis~, anu sagvareulos wevrebi cvlidnen erTmaneTs. p.karbelaSvili erT-erT SeniSvnaSi aRniSnavs, rom XVII s-is damdegs arsebobda
qarTuli mxedruli asoebiT dawerili sparsulenovani saxareba, romelic saqarTve-los samefo ojaxs ekuTvnoda.95 amave epoqaSi, XVII-XVIII ss-Si qarTuli asoebiT
werdnen somxurenovan saxarebebs, agreTve iwereboda Turqulenovani saxarebebicqarTuli asoebiT. mizezi amisa, rogorc Cven mier aris gamorkveuli, iyo is, romam epoqaSi saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis daSlisa da gauqmebis kvaldakval,
mimdinareobda qarTvelTa denacionalizacia sxvadasxva sarwmuneobriv konfesiaSigadasvlis gziT, anu Turqebsa da sparselebs miuCneviaT, rom sakmaod mravalricx-
ovani qarTuli mosaxleoba mesxeTsa da qarTl-kaxeTSi, TandaTanobiT, etapobrivadSeeyvanaT Turqulenovan da sparsulenovan wiaRSi. isini Tavdapirvelad, qarTvelebsar uginebdnen qristianul siwmideebs, magram eklesiebSi wmida saxarebas asmeninebd-
nen Turqul da sparsul enebze. qarTvelebi amiT eCveodnen sparsul da Turqulenebs. aRar aSinebdaT es samyaro, eTvisebodnen mas, rac sabolood maT asimilacias
aadvilebda. amave mizniT, sparsTa da osmalTa mier waxalisebuli somxurenovanieklesia Tavis samwysoSi ierTebda mravalricxovan qarTvelobas saqarTveloSive.
qarTvelebisaTvis eklesiebSi somxurad ikiTxeboda qarTuli asoebiT naweri wmidasaxareba. qarTuli asoebiT sparsuli, Turquli da somxuri saxarebani iwerebodaimis gamo, rom rogorc mrevli, ise samRvdeloeba, qarTvelebi iyvnen. cxadia,
eklesiebSi sparseli da osmalo moxeleebi ar waikiTxavdnen saxarebas. saxarebasrogorc Turqul, ise sparsul da somxur enebzec, eTnikurad qarTveli
RvTismsaxurebi kiTxulobdnen, da radganac maT wera-kiTxva icodnen mxolod
92 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 32; 93 iqve, gv. 27; 94 iqve, gv. 33; 95 iqve, gv. 37.
28 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
qarTulad, amitom maTTvis qarTuli asoebiT iwereboda sparsulenovani, Turqule-novani da somxurenovani locvebi da saxarebani, anu rogorc mrevli, isesasuliero wodeba, qarTuli iyo, ganwirulni sarwmunoebrivi gziTac kiasimilaciisaTvis. mxolod qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesia icavda im drosqarTul nacionalur TviTSemecnebas, maSasadame, qarTvelobas.
zogierT wreSi, amJamad, gakvirvebiT aRniSnaven, rom anton I kaTalikoz-patriarqis taxtze asvlis dros iyo mxolod 25 wlisa. es asaki gamonaklisi araris. p. karbelaSvilis mier dadgenilia, rom amave asakisa, 25 wlisa iyo cnobilikirion I (572-598) sakaTalikozo taxtze asvlis dros.96 aseve 26 wlisa iyobolo patriarqi anton II aRsaydrebis dros,97 ufro axalgazrda 24 wlisa iyokaTalikoz-patriarqi daviT III (1427-1430)98 da sxv.
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebTan dakavSirebiT p. karbelaSvili aRniSnavsSemdegs - misi azriT, dvinis cnobili saeklesio kreba somxeTSi, romelzecSeikribnen qarTveli, albaneli da somexi ierarqebi, Sedga 596 wels. kirionmasomxebs gaugzavna msoflio saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebani, `amaT Tanaxmadimwyseba saqarTvelos eklesiao~.96 misi azriT, somxebma mogvianebiT mainc aRiaresqalkedonis kreba,96 albaT gulisxmobs VII saukunes.
qarTlis kaTalikosi barTlome (613-620 ww.), romelic p. karbelaSvilissityviT SesaZloa gadaayena herakle keisarma, RirsebiT miuRia Sio mRvimis `ZmaTakrebas~. aq sityva `krebas~ ara Sekrebis, aramed `saZmos~ mniSvnelobiT xmarobsmkvlevari. namdvili `episkoposTa kreba~ Sekrebila, mkvlevaris TqmiT, kaTalikossarmeanes (760-774 ww.) dros, romelsac iakobituri moZRvreba daugmia daiakobitTa mier kaTalikosisaTvis mirTmeuli ZRveni uaruyvia. ̀ am dros mRvdelmTavarTakrebam episkopos filipes xeliT warmouvlina sarmeanes Semdegi werili: `didsamamamTavarsa, meufesa Cvensa sarmeanes, gixaroden, Svilni Senni da siwmidisa Senisamrwemni, yovelni episkoposni gauwyebT, raTa arRa daaSrobde moxucebulsa gvamsaSensa, rameTu mowyale hyves RmerTi didebulisa mamisa wmidisa Siosa meoxebiT...TviToeulsa gvibrZana `miuteva RmerTman sarmeanes kaTalikozsa bralni misni daaw Seuorguleblad miiyvaneT mwyemsi Tqveni~.99 saqme is iyo, rom kaTalikosmaSecdomiT iakobitebi aziara. roca Tavis Secdomas mixvda, Sio mRvimis monasterSiufals cremlebiT Sendobas sTxovda, e.i. sakaTalikoso taxti datova. amitomackrebam zegardmo Cvenebis gamo igi ukanve miiwvia taxtze.
p. karbelaSvili eyrdnoba matianeTa Cvenebas da miiCnevs, rom VII s-Sistefanozis mTavrobis dros dawesda episkoposTa kreba kaTalikozis moTaveobiT,jvarpatiosanSi xuTSabaTsa da paraskevs: ̀ adidian paraskevi viTarca didi paraskevi,xolo sakaTalikozo arn kreba yovelTa xuTSabaTTa da adidian wmidaY sioni,viTarca didsa xuTSabaTsa, saidumloTa Tana xorciTa da sisxliTa, xolo mcxeTassaepiskopozosa (samTavro) arn krebaY yovelTa SabaTTa da xseneba pirvel mowamisastefanesi da wmidisa abibos nekreselisa episkopozisa~.100 Semdegi kreba, romelsacixseniebs p. karbelaSvili, aris ruis-urbnisisa, romelic Semdgara ioane IVsafarelis (1090-1127) dros. Tamaris dros ki, nikoloz I-is kaTalikosobis Semdeg,miqael III-is kaTalikosobisas (1160-1187 ww.) mowveul iqna saeklesio kreba. p.karbelaSvilis azriT, 1186 wels. igi mowveuli yofila `ganmarTvad saeklesio daqristianebrivTa wesTa~. am krebaze Tavmjdomareobda zemoT aRniSnuli yofilikaTalikosi nikolozi, romelic Tamars ierusalimidan mouyvania. `Semokrbes
96 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 38; 97 iqve , gv. 188; 98 iqve, gv. 91; 99 saqarTvelos samoTxe, gv.262-264; 100 qarTlis cxovreba, gv. 169-170.
29saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
yovliT kerZo samefosa misisa episkoposni... miegebeboda maT wmida Tamar didiTa
simdabliTa, viTarca erTi kaci Seuracxi, da ara viTarca mefe, viTar angelozTada ara kacTa... dasxna saydrebiTa (maRali dasajdomeli - kaTedra), xolo TviTdajda Soris maTsa martod da ara mefobiT... jda ukve Tamar mcired Jam SorismaTsa, mere moiRo kurTxeva maTgan da warvida palatad Tvisad... xolo ara inebamaSindelman man miqael kaTalikozman Soris maTsa (krebisa) yofa, rameTu wina
ukmo iyo wesTagan saeklesioTa da Wyondidel-mawyverloba da mwignobarTauxucesobaca mas (miqaels) moexveWa uflisagan - aramed ver ganayenes, daRacaTufriad iRvawes~... krebis Semdeg miqaeli male gardaicvala.101
Semdegi kreba, p. karbelaSvilis aRweriT, Semdgara laSa-giorgis dros, kaTalikosiarseni (1213-1234) `krebiT amxilebda laSa-giorgis ugvansa cxovrebasa da garyvnile-baSi dros gatarebasa, vera gziT ver daiTanxmes laSa kanonikurad eqorwina~.102
p. karbelaSvili axsenebs saeklesio krebas, romelic Semdgara giorgi V-is
mefobisas, basilis kaTalikozobis dros, 1344 wels. `hqmna mefe giorgi V krebagansamtkiceblad qristianobisa `ganaxlebisaTvis saeklesio wesTa, ganmarTvad dadadgenad moweseTa wesTa zeda TvisTa da uwesoTa gankveTad~.103
p. karbelaSvils moaqvs mTlianad teqsti im krebisa, romelic, iv. javaxiSviliskvleviT, Semdgara daviT laSas Zis mefobisas da romlis dadgenilebis Savi piriSemdgom, 1925 wels gozaliSvils centrarqivSi aRmouCenia. masze adre es teqsti
gamoaqveyna p. karbelaSvilma, magram mas miaCnda, rom misi gamomcemeli kreba SedgaXV s-Si. kreba exeba saeklesio mamulebis gacemas mefis xelisuflebis mier.XV s-Sive, abraam II-is kaTalikozobisas, mefed meored kurTxevisas (1492-1495wlebSi) mefe konstantinem `moaxdina kreba kaTalikoz-ebiskoposTa da samefodidebulTa da warCinebulTagan `raY yofad damSvidebisaTvis mTavarTa da
ganmtkicebisaTvis erTmTavrobisa~. krebam daadgina: `vinaidgan imerni erTgulobenbagrats, her-kaxni giorgis da samcxelni aTabags baadurs - vacadoT brZolad.dro-Jami uked ganagebs mefobaso~.104
Semdegi kreba melqisedek II (imave basilis) kaTalikosobis dros (1517-1529wlebi) Semdgara, igi yofila Zma bagrat mefe muxranbatonisa. am mefis iZulebiTkaTalikoss saeklesio mamulebi gaucia, kerZod ki miucia ufliswulebisaTvis, anu
Tavisi ZmisSvilebisaTvis, ris gamoc igi kaTalikosobidan gadauyenebiaT. amis gamop. karbelaSvili wers - `samRvdeloTa krebam kaTalikosi basili (melqisedeki)sxvaTa Soris mcxeTis mamulebis gacemis gulisTvis gansdevna armazis monasterSida kaTalikosobidan daamxo: `q. kaTalikozma patronma basili ZmiswulTaTvis
daiWira kunenelTa sami kuamli kaci da sxva srulad patrons bagrats misca damisaqcieli, Tekena da werovnis naxevari. kopinasSvilebi daasaxla da daukargamcxeTas. asre rome ... ragvarac TviTan moekida mcxeTas dasaqcevrad, aRarca sxvaTagamoenaxva. miyves xeli Sinaurma da gareulma mcxeTis mamulsa sasyidrad, da asredaikarga, rome rac sofeli aris zogan naxevari, zogan mesamedi aklia - daikarga
mcxeTisTvis... mcxeTis damqcevni arian. rogorc es yuela mcxeTis daqceva daSecodeba gamoaCnda, mefeman saekudro waarTva da gaagdo da amisave brZanebiTa Cvenmartaci wavarTviT da issav memkvidresa miuboZeT~. kaTalikosoba CamoerTva 1527-1529 wlebs Sua da mis magier kaTalikozad dadginda germane~.105 aqedan Cans, rommefea meTauri eklesiisa.
101 p. karbelaSvili, ierarqia saqarTvelos eklesiisa, Tb ., 1900, gv. 72; 102 iqve, gv. 74. 103 vaxuSti,ist. 279, q .c. 449 da qronikebi Jordaniasi, gv. 176 da 186; 104 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv.98; 105 iqve, gv. 104.
30 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
106 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 126; 107 iqve , gv. 127; 108 iqve, gv. 129, wyarod miuTiTebs -Vw[tncr& frns^ gv . 238; 109 iqve , gv. 130; 110 iqve , gv. 123; 111 iqve . gv. 133; 112 iqve , gv. 134; 113 iqve,gv. 135; 114 iqve, gv. 138.
1531-1549 wlebSi qarTlis kaTalikosis malaqias dros Sedga saeklesio kreba,
romelic malaqiasTan erTad moiwvia afxazeTis kaTalikosma evdemosma. maT
Seadgines da saxelmZRvanelod gamosces sakaTalikozo kanonebi.
kaTalikoz domenti qaixosros Ze muxranbatons 1663 wels dausaflavebia
astarabadidan Camosvenebuli gvami Teimuraz I-isa `didis samRvdelo krebiT~.106 aq
`kreba~ niSnavs krebuls, iseve rogorc nikoloz kaTalikosis sigelSi, XVII s-is
bolos. `ese nikolozi Tavis krebiT swers 1676 wlis 6 Tebervals moskovis mefes
Teodore aleqsis Zes gramotas - Semweoba gagviwie winaSe sparseTis yeenisao~.107
p. karbelaSvilis wignidan Cans, rom sparseTis mier dapyrobil aRmosavleT
saqarTveloSi, romelic ukve sparseTis imperiis nawilad miiCneoda iranelTa mier
XVI s-is bolodan, qarTlis kaTalikosis dadgenaSi saWiro gamxdara nebarTva
iranis Sahisa. ̀ 1687 wels Sah-solimani swers firmanSi ioane kaTalikozs `radgan
Tqveni wina moadgile (nikolozi) ar daemorCila nazarali xans, igi ganvkveTeT
da Tqven ioane dagadgineTo~.108 am kaTalikoz ioanes, mefe erekle I-is TanxmobiT,
mouwvevia mRvdelmTavarTa kreba 1680 wlis 12 marts, romelic Seexeboda daviT
garejas samonastro cxovrebis aRdgenas Sah-abasis mier aoxrebis Semdeg. rac man
1615 wels aRdgomas diliT daviT garejaSi 6 000 ber-monazoni gaJlita, garejas
udabno mere veRar aRorZinebula, Tumca Semdegi mefeebi cdilan gansakuTrebiT
`Sanaozis Ze, mefed dadginebuli arCili~. krebam ganawesa erTi winamZRvari ̀ mama~,
romelsac unda damorCileboda daviT-garejas yvela beri. yovelgvari Semosaval-
Sesawiri berebs am mamisTvis unda CaebarebinaT. krebam sastiki sasjeli daado am
krebis damrRvevs. 1680 wlis krebas xeli moawera: bodbelma, rusTvelma,
alaverdelma, samebelma, ninowmidelma, tfilelma mTavarepiskoposma domentim da
mTavarepiskoposma qristeforem.109
1703 wels Semdgarma `samRvdeloTa krebam~ sakaTalikozo taxtze aiyvana
ruseTidan axlad mosuli domenti, romelic kaTalikozad akurTxes 1705 wels.
krebas uari uTqvams kaTalikozobis ori kandidatisTvis. yofili kaTalikosis
evdemos II-sa da aseve yofili kaTalikozis nikolozisTvis.110
kaxeTSi saeklesio mamulebs dauwyes dataceba da ciloba. amis gamo, 1707 wels,
`domenti wavida yeenTan saCivlelad da misi wyalobis firmaniT kaxeTSi Cavida
imam yuli xanTan. gaariga saqme da mivida mcxeTaSi~.111 iranis Sahebis didi
gavlenis Sesaxeb p. karbelaSvili wers: `iese aRiZra SuriT da vaxtangi daabezRa
yeenTan - `TaTrobis mteriao, miwaze daaxeTqa yurani da mere cecxlSi dawvao~.
yeenma gamomZiebeli gamogzavna. svimon batoniSvilic ieses miemxro, vaxtangs ar
Ralatobda mxolod samRvdeloeba... domentim da TiTo-orola samRvdeloT
uneblieT umowmes vaxtangis winaaRmdeg~.112 1713 wels iese gamefda, `svimonma
Seipyro domenti kaTalikozi da baqars gaugzavna Tvalebis dasaTxrelad ̀ sparseTSi
myofs vaxtangs rad emxrobio~, magram dedofalma rusudanma (vaxtang VI-is
meuRle) ar uyo. domentim krebisaTana daswyevla svimoni, gaCnda saSineli
Wirianoba da svimons col-Svili erTianad amouwyda~.113
kaTalikosis sikvdilis win `Tamarma moaxdina samRvdeloTa kreba da domentis
CvenebiT aRirCies kaTalikozad ieses Ze antoni, im dros quTaTeli, antonma uari sTqva~.114
31saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
qarTuli eklesiis saqmeebSi yeenis garda ereoda, agreTve, osmalos faSa,
Tbilisis dapyrobis Semdeg. 1727 wels ieses daxmarebiT besarion orbelians
miumxria isay-faSa, `Seapara qrTami da miiRo kaTalikozoba, 1728 w.~.115
1755 wlis 16 dekembers samRvdeloTa krebam mcxeTaSi antons `axada kaTaliko-
zobis xarisxi da mRvdelmoqmedeba aukrZala, xolo misi Tanamoazreni da megobarnidasajes, am krebazed antonma aRiara Tavisi Secodeba, xolo Semdeg krebazed, 4
aprils 1756 w. Seinana Tvisi danaSauli da gamoutyda krebas yvelaferSi.gamosTxova Teimuraz mefes nebarTva mRvdel-moqmedebisa da ruseTSi wasvlisa~.116
1720 wlis 17 oqtombers dabadebuli antoni 18 wlis asakSi berad aRikvecagelaTSi, 2 Tebervals. 3 Tebervals, SabaTs, diakvnad akurTxa eqvTime gaenaTelma
mitropolitma. 20 wlisas xeli daasxa mitropolitad afxazeTis kaTalikosma
grigolma quTaisis taZarSi - 27 seqtembers, SabaT dRes. 22 wlisa naTlismcemlismonasterSi Sevida mowesed, 1743 wlis 5 ianvars kaTedris datovebis Semdeg.117
qarTlis yofil samefoSi, vaxtang VI-is da antonis mamis ieses kraxis Semdeg, givi
amilaxvari uZlieres didebulad gadaiqca. masTan antonis damoyvrebis cnobilimarcxis Semdeg antonis berad Sedgoma 1720 w. p. karbelaSvils miaCnia kaxeTis
samefo dinastebis, Teimuraz I-isa da erekle II-is politikur moxerxebad. maT gzagaexsnaT qarTlis taxtisaken, romelzedac pretenzias acxadebda Teimurazis meuRle
dedofali Tamari, vaxtang VI-is qali. givi amilaxvari `sikvdilamde ebrZoda
sparsebs da qarTlis samefos ar anebebda Teimurazsa da erekles, jer vaxtangisSvilebs iwvevda qarTlSi gasamefeblad da mere abdula-begi, igive arCili
wamoayena qarTlis memkvidred~.118 abdula-begi antonis Zma iyo. sakaTalikozo
taxtze Teimurazis mier antonis mowveva politikuri angariSianobiT iyoganpirobebuli. qarTlis taxtis memkvidris antonis sakaTalikoso taxtze asvliT
samefo taxtze misi pretenziebi unda ganeitralebuliyo, magram anton kaTali-
kosma `saqarTvelos Sinaur cxovrebaSi gacilebiT meti gavlena moipova, vidreerekle mefem~.119 qonebrivadac antoni ufro mdidari iyo, vidre mefe Teimurazi,
amis gamo antoni mefes `Semweobas aZlevda saeklesio qonebidan gaWirvebis dros~.
p. karbelaSvili, Sesabamis wyaroebze dayrdnobiT mkveTrad acxadebs, rom
`antoni mainc yovel SemTxveviT sargeblobda qarTlis taxti CamorTmeodaTeimurazs~.120 1747 wels antonis Zmam abdula-begma ganizraxa qarTlis taxtis
daWera ajanyebiT. TbilisisaTvis aTi Tve sisxlis Rvra iyo, `anton kaTalikozma
mxari dauWira abdula-begs (Tavis Zmas) da dauloca amisTana safaTerakoganzraxva. bolos TviTonve Seariga gamarjvebul erekles~, am dros Teimuraz mefe
sparseTSi iyo... Teimurazis gamarjvebis da ganmtkicebis Semdeg qarTlis taxtze,
antoni krebam `daamxo, gandevna da wirvisagan daayena~. antoni daapatimres, igiwerilSi madlobs Teimurazs, `rom ar mokla~.121
marTalia, antoni TbilisSi aRiarebda, rom `Sevcdi am ors sityvaze: sulisawmidis saqmezed da papis ufrosobazed~, magram peterburgSi CasvlisTanave igi
kategoriulad uaryofda am braldebas, uwodebda ciliswamebas, amtkicebda Tavissrul marTlmadideblobasa da agreTve imas, rom mefe Teimurazma igi sakaTali-
koso taxtidan Camoagdo politikuri mizezebis gamo, radganac `qarTlis samefo
taxtis kanonieri memkvidre me var, xolo Teimuraz I ara qarTlis, aramed kaxeTismefeao~. ruseTis wmida sinodi mravali Semowmebis Semdeg darwmunda antonis
115 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 139 ; 116 iqve , gv. 153; 117 iqve , gv. 144; 118 iqve, gv. 145; 119 iqve,gv. 146; 120 iqve, gv. 152; 121 iqve, gv. 156.
32 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
srul marTlmadideblobaSi da aiyvana ruseTis eklesiisaTvis erT-erT umaRles
samRvdelo kaTedraze - vladimirisa da ieropolis eparqiaSi mTavarepiskoposistituliT. mogvianebiT ruseTis wmida sinodis wevradac ki daniSna. antoniruseTSi darCa 1763 wlamde.
antonis nacvlad qarTlis kaTalikosis saydarze asuli iosebis (1755-1763)dros erekle mefem saeklesio kreba moiwvia, mis dadgenilebas aqvs 11 muxli. esaamimarTva episkoposTa da samRvdeloTa mimarT saeklesio saqristiano wesrigis
moTxovniT. krebis oqms xels awers, pirvel rigSi, erekle mefe, Semdeg kikaTalikos-patriarqi iosebi. krebis oqmidan Cans, rom kaxeTis samRvdeloebascentraluri samefo da saeklesio xelisufleba sifrTxiliT epyroba, radganac CansgaRvivebulia is Wiri, romelmac aTabagebis dros mesxeTis eklesiis separatistuligandgoma gamoiwvia. oqmSi amitomac naTqvamia: - `erekle mefisagan da yovlisa
saqarTvelosa kaTalikoz-patriarqisa iosebisagan esreT siyvaruliT euwyos misssiwmides yovlad samRvdelos arqiepiskopos amba alaverdels zenons, wmidasa dayovlad samRvdelos nekresel episkoposs dosiTeoss da wmidasa da yovladsamRvdelos samebel episkoposs ioanes.122
1755-56 wlebTan dakavSirebiT p. karbelaSvili wers, rom `antoni da misiTanaziarni (magaliTad, anCisxatis dekanozi aleqsi) krebis ganCinebisamebr gakriWes
(Tma da wveri)~.123 antoni werda vladimiridan aleqsi dekanozs, ̀ maT egonaT CvenimRvdlobis Zala TmebSia~.124 antoni 11 Tve patimari yofila, mxolod 1756 w.aprilSi gamgzavrebula ruseTSi _ moskovSi 1757 wlis ianvarSi, peterburgSi kimartSi Casula. rogorc aRiniSna, igi ruseTis erT-erT umTavres kaTedrazeaiyvanes mRvdelmTavrad, miuxedavad amisa, saqarTveloSi mwvaleblobad CaTvales da
dawves antonis Txzuleba `miwyales Targmaneba~. `vinc antonis megobari darCnensaqarTveloSi, ioseb kaTalikozma dausjeli aravin gauSva~.124 udanaSaulod, anton-Tan megobrobis gamo dasaja, adgilidan gadaayena da mRvdelmoqmedeba aukrZalaanCisxatis saxelovan dekanozs aleqsis, romelsac antoni swerda: `Tavisi sakuTari
saxeliT mosulebma, Cven uflis saxeliT mosulebi gangvdevnes, maT mier daTxeuliSeni sisxli uflis winaSe adioda abelis sisxlis msgavsad... Sen Tavs upativcemu-lod moepyrnen avazakebi, romelTa bunebrivi saqme iyo sxvisi qonebis mtacebloba,sxvisi saxlis Tavis saxlTan mierTeba da sxvisi mamulis Tavis mamulTan mierTeba~(`SemrTavi saxlTa saxlisa mimarT da agarakTa agarakisa mimarT~).124
p. karbelaSvilis azriT, anCisxatis saxelovani dekanozi aleqsi mxolod
antonisadmi siyvarulis gamo cildawamebuli kaTolikur mwvaleblobaSi, yovelmxrivSeuracxyofili sami dRe atares Tbilisis moednebsa da quCebSi, imave mizeziT kicemiT mokles antonis deida xvaraSani - mefe erekle I-is asuli. igi`cilwamebuli ZaRlTa da mxecTa misagdeblad daisaja~.125 antoni ruseTSi mTeliTavisi yofnis manZilze, ara mxolod ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis, aramed yoveli
kacis winaSe mudam ambobda, rom mas udanaSaulod cili daswames da arasodesigi kaTolikur mwvaleblobas mikedlebuli ar yofila. antonis am udanaSaulodasjas saqarTveloSic Sinagani daZabuloba da mRelvareba mohyolia, amitomac igiwerda: - `maT egonaT, rom Cemi sakaTalikoso taxtidan CamogdebiT saqarTveloSimSvidoba damyardeboda, magram ar dacxra RvTis risxvis berva da mRelvarebis
qari~. amis gamo erekle II-s mamamisTan, mefe TeimurazTan didi usiamovneba hqondada dReniadag ayvedrida antonis gaZevebas. gaigo Tu ara ereklem ruseTSi myofi
122 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 159; 123 iqve, gv. 161, SeniSvna 1; 124 iqve , gv. 161; 124 iqve, gv.161; 125 iqve, gv. 164.
33saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mamis, Teimurazis sikvdilis ambavi, maSinve kaci afrina antonTan ruseTSi da
saqarTveloSi moiwvia sakaTalikoso taxtze kvlav asasvlelad. antons samgzavrodruseTis sinodma gamouyo Tanxa.
saqarTveloSi antonis CamosvlisTanave, erekle mefem da antonma 1764 wlis2-18 oqtombers moiwvies saeklesio kreba. krebas daeswrnen mefe erekle, antonkaTalikosi, mTavarepiskoposi kirile, episkoposi besarioni, tfileli qristefore,mroveli germane, ninowmideli saba, mangleli nikolozi, rusTveli iosebi (im dromde
kaTalikosi). krebam aRiara antonis mowinaaRmdegeTa cilismwamebloba, e.i. saeklesiokrebam kidev erTxel aRiara antonis sruli udanaSauloba, kaTolikur mwvaleblobaSimisi ubraloeba da amitomac sastikad dasaja is sasuliero pirebi, vinc antons cilidaswama~.126 pirvel rigSi ki is, romelmac SecdomaSi Seiyvana wina saeklesio kreba,mRvdeli zaqaria gabaSvili, mZvinvare mteri kaTalikosisa. mas CamoarTves mRvdloba
da ereklem qveynidanac ki gaaZeva. amiT saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelobamsinanuli gamoTqva antonis umizezod dadanaSaulebisa da kaTalikosobidangadayenebis gamo, da ufro metic, sixaruliT daubruna mas pirvelmRvdelmTavristaxti. saqarTvelos eklesias ruseTis sinodis winaSe uCivla gankveTilma zaqariam,ruseTis sinodma upasuxa - `wadi da anton kaTalikoss Sendoba Txove~.127
antonma daaarsa sasuliero gamgeoba, anu `dikasteria~, imgvaradve, rogorc
ruseTSi iyo. antonis mier amoqmedebuli stamba, romelic ruseTSi misigadasaxlebis dros gauqmda, antonis dabrunebis Semdeg kvlav amoqmedda. aq antonibeWdavda rusulis mixedviT Sesworebul qarTul saeklesio wignebs `antoni didaTxels uwyobda saqarTvelos ruseTTan daaxloebas, 1769 w. pirvelad daibara mironiruseTidan~.128 1783 w. ivlisSi ruseTTan dadebuli traqtatis ZaliT antoni
aRiarebul iqna ruseTis sinodis wevrad. `am windauxedavma saqmem SearyiaTavisufleba saqarTvelos 1400-wlovani eklesiisa da nel-nela daumorCila sinods28 wlis ganmavlobaSi. anton kaTalikosi didi madlieri iyo ruseTisa. misi mxrivdidi Secdoma iyo, rom qarTuli saeklesio wignebi slavianurzed Seaswora, anu
TviT Seadgina zogierTi sagalobelni da ugulebel hyo Zveli, qarTvel mamaTaganSedgenili sakiTxav-sagalobelni: slavianur saeklesio wignebis Secdomani SemoitanaqarTulSi enis ucodinrobis gamo. ruseTidan mobrunebuli mudam cdaSi iyosaqarTvelo daeaxlovebina ruseTisaTvis~...129
p. karbelaSvilis mixedviT, ruseTis wmida sinodis mier saqarTvelos eklesiismarTva-gamgeobis xelSi aReba daiwyo anton kaTalikosis dros jer misi ruseTis
wm. sinodis wevrad SesvliT, ruseTidan mironis miRebiT, yovelive rusulisaeklesio wesrigis saqarTveloSi gadmonergviT da misken miswrafebiT. antonis am`did Secdomas~, rogorc is uwodebs, uZebnis Tavisebur axsnas. antons rogormeTavidan unda aecilebina zaqaria gabaSvilis, misi frTisa da maT ukan mdgomididi politikuri Zalis ciliswameba antonis aramarTlmadideblobis Sesaxeb.
antonma verafriT daarwmuna isini, rom igi erTguli iyo mamapapuri marTlma-dideblobisa. sabolood, gare TvalnaTeli magaliTebis daxmarebiT, rogoricaaruseTidan mironis miReba saqarTvelos eklesiis saWiroebisaTvis, ruseTis wmidasinodis wevroba, qarTuli saeklesio wignebis rusulis mixedviT ̀ gasworeba~, Tumcaamis saWiroeba, p. karbelaSvilis sityviT, ar arsebobda, aiZulebda mowinaaRmdegeebs
veRar gaebedaT antonis marTlmadideblobaSi eWvis Setana. amis Sedegad saqarTve-los eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmeba, misi gadaqceva rusuli saxelmwifosadministraciul-Cinovnikur erTeulad da qarTveli xalxis eklesiisadmi gulmxur-
126 iqve, gv. 166; 127 iqve, gv. 178; 128 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 185; 129 iqve, gv. 187.
34 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
valebis ganeleba mohyva, rac z. gabaSvilisa da misi aRmZvreli politikuri
Zalebis mizeziT moxda. es iyo maTi qmedebis saboloo Sedegi.
meliton kelenjeriZe Tavis `saqarTvelos sakaTalikoso eklesiis mokle
istoriaSi~130 mimoixilavs saeklesio samarTalsac. misi azriT, ̀ saqarTvelos eklesia
Tavisi organizaciiT Zalian mogvagonebs dasavleT evropis feodalizms SuasaukuneebSi. am mxriv yvelaze ufro sami movlena ipyrobs yuradRebas: a)
memkvidreobiTi principi; b) samoqalaqo samsaxuri da g) eklesiis samxedroorganizacia.131 misi azriT, saqarTvelos eklesiaSi ̀ farTo demokratizmi iyo daculi~,
magram zogierTi Tanamdeboba memkvidreobiT gadadioda mamidan Svilze (mag.,
jvarTmtvirTveloba, mouravoba, xSirad `karis dekanozoba~, kandelakoba da sxv).
`sasuliero wodebas samoqalaqo da samxedro funqciebic epyra. magaliTad,
Tbileli aTanase ̀ naibadaa~ wodebuli, grigol wurwyabeli episkoposi erisTavicaae.i. olqis ufrosi. erisTavia saba mtbevaric... glonoqor mTavarepiskoposi
erisTavadac iyo `barzabod pitiaxSisagan qarTls da hereTs~. amaSi kidev ufro
gvarwmunebs Wyondidelis Tanamdeboba... WyondidelobaSi, rogorc fokusSi, Tav-moyrilia saeklesio, samoqalaqo da samxedro moxeleoba... vaxuStis azriT, `misi
xelisani iyvnen qvriv-obolni, Sewuxebulni da SeWirvebulni. es iuwyebda amaTTayovelsave mefesa. eseve iyo mwignobarTuxucesi. ese miscemda mefisagan brZanebasa
eklesia-monasterTa da laSqarTa mowvevad da maTTa samWirnoTa moxsenebad mefesa~.
erT sabuTSi Wyondideli ixsenieba rogorc `patroni~, `proto upertimosi~ da`vazirTa yovelTa upirvelesi~.
Wyondideli sasaxlis ministricaa, ganaTlebisac da samxedroc. Wyondidelipirveli kaci iyo mefisa da kaTalikosis Semdeg... Wyondideli sasaxleSi Sinauria,
rogorc sasaxlis ministri. es iqidan Cans, rom axal wels igi yvelaze adre
ulocavda mefes da yoveli krizisis dros mefe pirvelad Wyondidels ekiTxeboda.Wyondidels xmalic ertya da sardlobda~.132
m. kelenjeriZis TvalsazrisiT, `eklesia Zlieri samxedro organizacia iyo dadid monawileobas iRebda samSoblos dacvis saqmeSi... omSi midiodnen kaTalikosic,
episkoposic da saeklesio ymebic. saba mtbevari episkoposi omSia laSqriT, malaqia
gurieli jiqeTSi gahyva mTavrebs saomrad, maqsime jumaTelma afxazebi daamarcxaerkeTSi, Wyondidels xmali ekida, Tumca `ridebiTa monazonebisaYTa ara ixada
xrmali~.133 mroveli episkoposi avaliSvili 1624 wlis marabdis brZolaSimonawileobda Tavisi droSiTa da laSqriT. brZolis win episkoposma miugo jars:
`dRes brZola aris sarwmunoebisa da qristes mcnebisa da ara mxolod Cem zeda,
amisTvis ara vyo, ukeTu uwinares Tqvensa ara davTxio sisxli Cemi maxvilisamRebman~, saspaspeto droSa hqonda bodbelsa da nekreselsac. yvelaze mniSvnelo-
vani samxedro roli rusTvels eniWeboda, episkoposebSi zogi mTavarsardlobda,
zogic mTavarsardlis droSis qveS idga. ase rom, zog episkoposs sxva episkoposebiTavis droSis qveS hyavda, rogorc generals - oficrebi. rusTveli mTavarsard-
lobda. mas saolqo droSa hqonda, igi qiziyis mouravis toli iyo, iseTive droSahqonda.133 m. kelenjeriZe ixilavs sul 5 saeklesio krebas (anCis, javaxeTis, ruis-
urbnisis (1103), XVI s. imereTis, goris (1755-1756).134
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis SeswavliT gansakuTrebiT iyo dainteresebuli
niko mari, `saxelmoxveWil akademikoss ganzraxuli hqonda moemzadebina
130 m. kelenjeriZe, saqarTvelos sakaTalikoso eklesiis mokle istoria, `saRmrTo sjuli~, Tb. 1993,gv. 257-423; 131 iqve , gv. 314; 132 iqve , gv. 317; 133 iqve , gv. 318; 134 iqve, gv. 319.
35saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saTanado specialisti saeklesio samarTlis ganxriT~.135 niko mari monawileobasiRebda im saeklesio `winaswar sakrebulos~ sxdomaSi, 1906 wlis 1-eldekembers, romelsac xelewifeboda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxebkompetenturi azris gamoTqma.
sxdomas eswrebodnen umaRlesi sasuliero pirebi, saeklesio istoriisa dasaeklesio samarTlis specialistebi arqiepiskopos nikandris TavmjdomareobiT. krebaseswreboda imereTis episkoposi leonide, mogilevis episkoposi stefane, sami rusidekanozi, profesorebi _ berdnikovi, briliantovi, a. cagareli, a. xaxanaSvili,i. popovi, sokolovi, ostroumovi, zaozerski, almazovi, butkeviCi, glubokovski,palmovi, Seini. niko marma waikiTxa moxseneba - `qarTuli eklesiis istoriisnarkvevi uZvelesi droidan~, romelic exeboda saeklesio samarTlis sakiTxebs,kerZod, aRniSnavda, rom qarTuli eklesiis ierarqia saukuneebis ganmavlobaSiyalibdeboda.136 `jer kidev V s-is iakob curtavelis TxzulebaSi ixsenieba `Taviigi episkoposTa - samoel, pirveli kaTalikosi... saqarTvelos eklesiis meTauri,rogorc Cans, ukve VI s-Si ierarqiulad arsebiTad damoukidebeli iyo dakaTalikosis titulsac atarebda, xolo grigol xanZTelis xanaSi, IX s-Si, rogorcCans, patriarqis (mamamTavris) wodebas iferebda~.137 qarTveli da somexi pirveli-erarqebi `erTmaneTis kaTalikosobas saeWvod ar Tvlidnen~.138 n. mari gamoTqvamdaaraswor Sexedulebas, TiTqosda somxuri qalkedonituri saepiskoposoebi VIII s-ismcxeTis kaTalikoss daeqvemdebara da amis Sedegad aRmoCnda qarTuli eklesiisiurisdiqciaSi, aseTebad mas miaCnda `iSxnis, anCis, valaSqertis, banis, anisa dayarsis eparqiebi~,138 sinamdvileSi, samxreT saqarTvelos mkvidri qarTuli mosaxleobaSeqmnili politikuri viTarebis gamo, VIII-IX ss-mde imyofeboda somxuri eklesiisiurisdiqciiis qveS (VI s-dan), gaTavisuflebis Semdeg VIII-IX ss-Si daubrundaqarTuli dedaeklesiis wiaRs, xolo somxeTSi mcxovrebma qarTvelebma (magaliTad,anisSi da sxvagan) daaarses qarTuli saepiskoposoebi.139
n. maris azriT, bizantiaSi xatmebrZolobis epoqaSi `erT mxares idgnenumaRlesi saero moxeleebi da episkoposebi, romelnic imis momxreni iyvnen, romimperators Tvalyuri edevnebina eklesiisaTvis da waremarTa kidec misi saqmianoba,xolo meore mxares idgnen berebi... isini im mosazrebiT xelmZRvanelobdnen, romsaero xelisufleba ar unda ereodes sasuliero wodebis saqmeSi. es mimarTulebadamarcxda bizantiaSi~.
saqarTveloSi, mesxeTSi ki piriqiT, n. maris azriT, gaimarjva meoremimarTulebam. aq, eklesiis meTaurebi `Zlier Zalad grZnobdnen Tavs da eklesiisdamoukideblobas saero xelisuflebisgan gaSmagebiT icavdnen~ (eyrdnoboda giorgimerCules Txzulebas). g. nadareiSvili amasTan dakavSirebiT wers - `samecnieroliteraturaSi aRniSnulia, rom `saqarTvelos istoriam icis iseTi xana, rocaqveynis ideur-politikur cxovrebaSi gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWebaT mesxeTisudabnoebis, anu monasterTa winamZRvrebsa da saqarTvelos amave mxaris episkoposebs,es aris IX saukune~.140 g. nadareiSvili ganagrZobs - `sasuliero pirTagansakuTrebiT maRali mdgomareoba Cans beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignisaTvisdarTul e.w. bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignidanac, romelsac a. kikviZeIX s-is Zeglad miiCnevs da arcTu usafuZvlod. aq Semonaxuli samarTlebrivinormebis mixedviT episkoposi `meore mefed~ aris miCneuli. Tumca, samarTliani
135 g. nadareiSvili, niko mari da qarTuli samarTlis istoriis sakiTxebi, 1989, gv. 13; 136 iqve, gv.14; 137 iqve, gv. 14. Wthrjdyst dtljvjcnb^ +3 ^ 1907 ^ c& 123^ 126$ 138 g. nadareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv.15; 139 a. jafriZe, saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996, t. 2, 1998; 140 a. kikviZe,vis ekuTvnis bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis saxeliT cnobili samarTali? ix. masalebi saqarTveloseTnografiisTvis, t. XVI-XVII, Tb., 1972, gv. 234.
36 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
141 g. n adareiSvili, dasax . naSr ., gv. 17; 142 Zveli qarTuli literaturis qrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 175;143 g. nadareiSvili dasax. naSr., gv. 17; 144 iqve, gv. 18; 145 iqve, gv. 19.
sababiT mefe episkoposs `xelTa~ ver Seipyrobs, `amisTvis rome meore mefeebiskopozi aris da qristianeTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli~ ($102). maSindel mesxeTSisasuliero pirebi, gansakuTrebiT, berebi, did Zalas warmoadgendnen. araiSviaTadisini Tavis damoukideblobas saero xelisuflebis winaSe warmatebiT usvamdnenxazs. giorgi merCules moTxrobili aqvs, Tu rogor SeZlo klarjeTis udabnoTaarqimandritma grigol xanZTelma guaram mamfalis survilis winaaRmdeg arseniskaTalikosad datoveba. beri saba iSxneli bagrat kurapalatis mier weriliTdabarebuli urCobas iCens da ar cxaddeba mis winaSe... da mxolod mas Semdeg,rac saba iSxneli grigol xanZTelis baraTTan erTad xelmwifis meore ustarsRebulobs, cxaddeba mis winaSe. sasuliero pirebi, araiSviaTad, saeklesioxelisuflebis saxelmwifo xelisuflebis winaSe upiratesobasac ki usvamdnen xazs.isini TiTqos Teoriuladac asabuTebdnen samRvdeloebis upiratesobas saeromTavrobasTan SedarebiT, magram saganTa logikis ZaliT iZulebulni iyvnen saeroxelisuflebasTan konfliqtebs moridebodnen~.141
n. maris azriT, bizantiis kanonmdebeli imperatoris, basili I-is (867-886)mowiwebiTi damokidebuleba saerTod qarTuli eklesiisadmi da, kerZod, wmidailarion qarTvelisadmi imiT yofila gamowveuli, rom basili I diofiziti somexiiyo, am xanebSi ki somexi marTlmadideblebi mcxeTis taxtis xelqveiTni iyvnen,141
sinamdvileSi ki basili imperatori qarTul eklesiasa da ilarion qarTvels pativsmiagebda maTi siwmidisa da qristes mcnebebis erTgulebis gamo, rogorc esmarTlmadidebel imperatorebs ekadrebodaT. man kargad icoda saqarTvelosmonastrebis wesisa da kanonis damdeb wmida ilarion qarTvelis sulieri Zliereba,madlmosileba. Tumca, isicaa SesaZlebeli, rom eTnikuri warmoSobiT imperatoribasili I qarTveli iyo da mas romelime wyaro grigol bakurianis Zis msgavsad`somexs~ uwodebda. miT umetes, rom imperatori basili I Tavis Svilebs qarTulenas aswavlida ilarion qarTvelis `cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad.142 ilarion qarTvelismowafe qarTvel berebs imperatorma basilim ̀ mohgvara orni Zeni Tvisni leon daaleqsandre da hrqua: `aswaveT amaT enaY da wigni Tqueni!~142 rogorc cnobilia,basilis Svili leon brZeni Semdgom foti patriarqma aRzarda.
n. maris mixedviT, `patriarqis wodeba qarTveli kaTalikosis titulaturaSimaSin Cndeba, rodesac misi iurisdiqcia gafarTovda da gavrcelda dasavleTsaqarTvelosa da didi somxeTis marTlmadideblur eparqiebze. somxuri marTlma-didebluri eparqiebi uSualod mcxeTis patriarqs emorCilebodnen. amave dros maTigansakuTrebuli interesebis damcvelad mcxeTis kaTalikosTan sapatio adgilze zisspecialuri sasuliero moxele mitropolitis wodebiT, romelic didi somxeTissulieri moTavea~.143 rac Seexeba dasavleT saqarTvelos, n. maris azriT, mTelisaqarTvelos gaerTianebis Semdeg mcxeTis kaTalikoss afxazeTis kaTalikosTanSedarebiT garkveuli upiratesoba eniWeboda. amasTan dakavSirebiT, n. mari miuTiTeb-da, rom is, rogorc es 1020 wlis cnobili dokumentidan Cans, `mama kaTalikosad~iwodeboda. sazeimo dReebSi mcxeTis kaTalikosis Semdeg meore sapatio adgiliWyondidels, xolo mesame didi somxeTis mitropolits ganekuTvneboda~.143
n. maris mixedviT, is, rom qarTul eklesias hyavda Tavisi kaTalikosi,maCvenebelia eklesiis avtokefalobisa.144 e.i. IX s-Si qarTuli eklesia avtoke-faluri iyo. ufro adre ki (gulisxmobs VII-VIII ss) bizantiuri saeklesiosamarTlis normebis Sesabamisad, kidev erTxel miiRo Tavisi damoukideblobisdadastureba antioqiisagan.145
37saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
n. maris mixedviT, qarTul eklesias IX s-mde ar hqonda mironis kurTxevis
ufleba. rogorc grigol xanZTelis cxovrebidan Cans, es ufleba man moipova 842-
859 wlebSi, roca man Sewyvita ierusalimidan mironis Semotana (iqve, gv. 20),sinamdvileSi ki, rogorc es garkveulia Cven mier, qarTlis sakaTalikosoSi mironi
IV-V ss-danve ikurTxeboda. mogvianebiT daarsebul lazikis samitropolitos bazazeaRmocenebul afxazeTis sakaTalikosoSi, konstantinopolSi xatmebrZoluri eresis
gavrcelebis gamo, mironis Semotana daiwyes ierusalimidan (konstantinopolis
nacvlad), IX s-dan ki efrem didi mawyverelis mecadineobiT saeklesio normebisgaTvaliswinebiT, ierusalimis sapatriarqos TanxmobiT, dawesda, rom afxazeTis (da
ara ̀ aRmosavleTis~) kaTalikosebs mironi ierusalimis nacvlad adgilzeve, qarTlSi
unda mieRoT, radganac `afxazeTic qarTlia~, saeklesio erTianobis gamo afx-azeTisTvis saWiro mironis kurTxeva `qarTls ganewesa~ IX s-dan.146
karTagenis krebis me-6 muxlidan Cans, rom V s-is 20-ian wlebamde mironiskurTxevis neba ara mxolod episkoposebs, mRvdlebsac ki hqondaT, rac akrZala
krebam: `sacxebeli (mironi) mRvdlis mier ar unda damzaddes~,147 magram mironiskurTxevis ufleba dautova episkoposebs.
qarTuli samarTlis istoriisaTvis sainteresoa n. maris mosazreba, rom `ZvelsaqarTveloSi saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba warmoadgenda udavo
faqts~.148 Wyondideli mwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdeboba (saxelo) n. mars miaCnda
`saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebuli sasuliero da saero Zalauflebis erT xelSiTavmoyris tradiciis gviandel gadmonaSTad. amasTan dakavSirebiT, man yuradReba
miaqcia xevisberobis instituts moxeveebSi da a.S.~148 am sakiTxis gasaSuqeblad
dauweria specialuri gamokvleva `xelmwifis karis garigebis Sesaxeb~, romelicjerjerobiT gamoqveynebuli ar aris.148
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa n. maris dakvirveba somxuri `vardapetis~ institu-tis mimarT, romelic mogvagonebs XII s-mde qarTul eklesiaSi arsebul
`moZRvrobis~ instituts.149
n. maris azriT, somxuri eklesiis wyaroebis mixedviT, vardapeti niSnavda ara
bers, anda ubralod arqimandrits, aramed moZRvars (maswavlebels). `Zvel somxur
eklesiaSi vardapetis, rogorc moZRvar-maswavleblis roli da avtoriteti metadmniSvnelovani iyo rTuli sasuliero sakiTxebis gadawyvetaSi, rogorc Cans, mas
ufro meti wona hqonda, vidre episkoposs an Tundac kaTalikoss... vardapetebs aramxolod maswavlebloba-moZRvrobis ufleba hqondaT, aramed mosamarTlisac. maT
xelSi iyo msajulobac~.150
am mxriv, aRsaniSnavia, rom qarTvel `moZRvarsac~ ruis-urbnisis krebamde, Cans,
iseTive uflebebi gaaCnda, rac somxur vardapets. moZRvari eklesiis maswavlebeli
iyo da, Cans, mosamarTlec. amas unda migvaniSnebdes is, rom qarTveli mefisdarbazis karze myofi `moZRvarT-moZRvari~, umaRlesi msajulisa da mosamarTlis
uflebiT iyo aRWurvili. moZRvari, romelsac msajulis funqciebi ekisreboda, Cans,
qarTulad `merCuled~, rjulis mcodned da amave dros mosamarTled (msajulad)iwodeboda. unda vifiqroT, rom VII-IX ss-Si, saqarTvelos daSlilobisas qveynis
gaerTianebamde eklesiis xelSi Zalauflebis Tavmoyrisa da zogjer saero dasasuliero Zalauflebis erT xelSi Tavmoyris dros (romlis tradiciul
146 a. jafariZe, saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. 2, 1998, gv. 97-107; 147 karT. me-6kan. , saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 239; 148 g. nadareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 92; 149
iqve, gv. 23-24 ; 150 iqve, gv. 23.
38 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
gadmonaSTad n. mars miaCnda Wyondidel-mwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdeboba), moZRvar-
Ta instituts iseTive didi mniSvneloba hqonda saqarTveloSi, rogorc vardapets
somxeTSi. magram imis Semdeg, rac saqarTvelo gaerTianda da TviTmpyrobelobisakenmoswrafe mefis xelisuflebam Tavis gverdiT ver igua saero xelisuflebisagan
ukiduresad damoukidebeli da amave dros Zlieri Zalis mqone eklesia,saxelmwifos saWirod miuCnevia moZRvrobis institutis Sekveca. amas unda
migvaniSnebdes ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 kanoni, `moZRvrad wodebulTa maT
monazonTa~ Sesaxeb: ̀ pirvelad amas ganvsazRvrebT raTa umRvdelosa ara xelewife-bodes ganmkiTxvelobad sulTa, araTu episkoposi iyos, anu mRvdeli, anu diakoni,
rameTu pirvelad Sekvrisa da ganxsnisa xelmwifebasa uxms qonebad da egreTRa
gankiTxvisa sulTaYsa xel-yofad~.151
maSasadame, codnas, mecnierul ganaTlebas, romlis gamoc beri iRebda ̀ moZRvris~
wodebas, amis Semdeg ukve mniSvneloba aRar eniWeboda, aramed moZRvris wodebaSeiZleboda miniWeboda naklebmcodnes, magram nakurTx, anu xeldasxmul sasuliero
pirs. amas axsnas kreba me-12 kanoniT imiT uZebnis, rom `Sekvrisa da ganxsnisxelmwifeba~ marTlac aqvs mociqulTagan memkvidreobiT xeldasxmul `episkoposs,
mRvdelsa da diakons~. rogorc aRiniSna, niko maris Tanaxmad, vardapetis
umTavresi Tviseba esaa mecnieruli codna, am codnis gamo mopovebuli uflebamsajulobisa, maswavleblobisa. ruis-urbnisis krebis Semdeg ki, rogorc aRiniSna,
naklebi mcodnec xeldasxmis meoxebiT SeiZleboda `moZRvari~ gamxdariyo, anu
`sulTa ganmkiTxveli~. unda iTqvas, rom somxur eklesiaSi vardapetobis institutiwarmoadgenda sasuliero wodebis mecnierTa gansakuTrebul korporacias.152 varda-
petebi iyvnen saeklesio moZRvrebaTa da gadmocemaTa erT-erTi kompetenturidamcvelni, amxsnel-ganmmarteblebi da ganmaviTarebelnic. n. mari Tvlida, rom
Zveli somxeTis vardapetebi TavianTi maRali uflebamosilebis simaRleze Rirseu-
lad idgnen. Zveli somxuri saeklesio wyobilebis Tanaxmad, maT sapatio adgilihqondaT gankuTvnili sazogadoebriv urTierTobaTa sistemaSi da maT Soris
samarTalSemoqmedebis sferoSiac. swavluli vardapetebis korporaciam somxuri
samarTlis istoriaSi didi roli iTamaSa, da radgan n. maris TvalsazrisiTfeodaluri somxeTi qarTuli saxelmwifos SemadgenlobaSi Sedioda eklesiurad da
istoriuli tao-klarjeTic somxeTis yofil nawilad miaCnda, amitom aminstituts qarTul eklesiazec gavlena unda moexdina. sinamdvileSi, marTalia, VI
s-is Semdeg qarTvelTa qveyana tao da nawilobriv misi mimdebare qarTuli
mxareebi somxuri eklesiis gavlenis sferoSi imyofeboda, arabTa Semosevebis SemdegbizantielTa gavleniT am qarTulma kuTxeebma Tavi daaRwies somxur saeklesio
batonobas da VIII-X ss-Si daubrundnen qarTul dedaeklesias. rac Seexeba merCule-
moZRvar-maswavleblobis instituts, mas didi avtoriteti unda moepovebina arabTamier qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis dasustebis gamo saeklesio gavlenis gaZlierebis
dros. vardapetis xelSeuvali avtoriteti Taobidan Taobas, maswavleblidanmoswavles gadaecemoda somxuri masalebis mixedviT.152 aseve unda yofiliyo
saqarTveloSic, magaliTad, 985 wels sinas mTaze gadawerili iakobis Jamis wirvis
anderZebSi ioane zosime ixsenebs Tavis moZRvrebs, viTarca ucilobel av-toritetebs, romelTagan miiRo codna, ̀ viTa me vicode moZRvarTagano~, wers igi.
am SemTxvevaSi maT (anu moZRvarTa) xelSia wmida werilis teqstebze zrunva, rac
TavianT movaleobad miaCniaT. mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignis mixedviT, vardape-tobis kandidats evaleboda `Zveli da axali aRTqmis wignebisa da kanonikuri
151 didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 552; 152 g . n adareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv . 25.
39saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
dadgenilebebis safuZvliani codna. Tanac gamocdis dros gamosacdels dawvrilebiT
unda moeTxro gamomcdelisaTvis `sad da visTan Seiswavla man saRvTo werilisTiToeuli wigni~.153 ioane zosimec aseve axsenebs Tavis mecnier moZRvars, kerZod,
zemoaRniSnul wignTan dakavSirebiT gvauwyebs: ̀ am wignis dedani Tavidan bolomdenakluli iyo da imas ar udgeboda, rac me maswavleblebisagan mqonda naswavli,an Cemi Jamis wirvis wignebSi ewera, amitomac ar momwonda, mexveweboda: rac
magaSi sweria, marto is damiwereo, mec marto is davwere, rac dedanSi ewerao~...mas, vinc ioane zosimes am davalebas aZlevda, z. WumburiZis azriT, `kargad
hqonda Segnebuli Zveli wignebis mecnieruli Rirebuleba da sagangebod uvlidamaT, esenia moZRvrebi, romelnic `mecnieruli interesebiT swavlobdnen Zvelxelnawerebs, uvlidnen da icavdnen mas~.154
amave movaleobas wignebis mimarT, n. maris azriT, asrulebdnen vardapetebic.isini iyvnen saRvTo werilis tradiciuli teqstebis damcvelni da maTze
mzrunvelni, zogjer daxelovnebuli kaligrafebi, Zveli da axali aRTqmiswignebis pirveli mTargmnelebi. patriarq sahakis 36-e kanonSi naTqvamia, rom`wmida da ubiwo sarwmunoebis saWeTmpyrobelni arian mociqulebi, winaswarmetyvelebi
da vardapetebi~. partavis saeklesio krebis me-6 kanonSi aRniSnuli iyo, romsomxeTis miwaze RvTisSemecnebis madlis Semnaxvelebi arian vardapetebi da unda
vizrunoT maTi rigebis zrdisaTviso. somxeTis saeklesio krebis muSaobaze didgavlenas axdendnen vardapetebi. anisis saeklesio krebaze didi roli iTamaSavardapetma mxiTar goSma. vardapetebs ara mxolod maswavlebloba-moZRvrobis
ufleba hqondaT, aramed mosamarTleobisac. maT xelSi iyo marTlmsajulebac. amgaremoebam gamoxatuleba pova vardanis igavTa krebulSi. `mxiTar goSi, _
aRniSnavda niko mari, _ avtori saeklesio da saero kanonebis krebulisa,vardapeti iyo. es sakmarisi aRmoCnda imisaTvis, rom mis wigns oficialuri
samarTlis wignis mniSvneloba moepovebina. am samarTlis wignis I nawilis 70-emuxlis mixedviT, Tundac patriarqs ar SeeZlo araviTari siaxlis SemoRebasaeklesio krebis gareSe im sakiTxebis Sesaxeb, rac eparqiebs, kaTedrebsa da samwysos
Seexeba. mxiTar goSis samarTlis wigni vardapetebis mimarT maT sasuliero dasamoZRvro-samaswavleblo saqmianobis sferoSi araviTar SezRudvas ar iTvaliswineb-
da, piriqiT, imisTvis, rom vardapetebis sapatio wodebisaTvis Crdili armieyenebinaT, kanoni maT Soris mwvave davasa da kamaTs krZalavda. rogorc Cans,fiqrobdnen, rom vardapetebis ideur Sejaxebas sarwmunoebisa da eklesiisaTvis zianis
motana SeeZlo. amitom im monasterSi, sadac erTi vardapeti mainc iyo, amukanasknelis mowvevis gareSe stumrad ar SeiZleboda misuliyo meore vardapeti~.155
mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignis es muxli exmianeba ruis-urbnisis krebis me-
12 muxls. magram msgavseba mxolod garegan mxares Seexeba. pirveli (mxiTar goSisa)ar zRudavs monasterSi vardapetebis ricxvs, aramed mxolod momsvlel, ucxo
vardapets ukrZalavs monasterSi adgilobrivi (Tundac erTaderTi) vardapetebisnebarTvis gareSe misvlas. ruis-urbnisis krebis me-12 muxliT ki aikrZala
monastrebSi moZRvrebis simravle (`mravalsa SfoTsa da ganxeTqilebisa mizezsaSemoiRebs simravle maTi~), dawesda did monasterSi mxolod or-ori, mcireSi kierTaderTi moZRvris arseboba, magram gacilebiT ufro arsebiTia is, rom, rogorc
aRiniSna, axla moZRvrad ukve ara mecnieruli codnis mixedviT dadgindeboda,aramed mxolod sasuliero kurTxevis meSveobiT, rac, safiqrebelia, mizezi unda
15 3 g . n adareiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 25; 154 z . WumburiZe, qarTuli wignis moamage ni, 1981, gv. 5;155 mxiTar goSi, samarTlis wigni, naw. I, $3, g . nadareiSvili, gv. 24.
40 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
gamxdariyo qarTul eklesiaSi mecnieruli codnis donis dacemisa. marTlac, XII s-
is Semdgomi saeklesio cxovrebis duRili da samecniero-saRvTismetyvelo-saliter-aturo kvleva-Zieba (igulisxmeba XIII-XVII ss.) verafriT Seedreba VIII-XI ss-is
gasaocar simaRles saeklesio mecnierebis zrda-ganviTarebisa. Tumca, isic undaaRiniSnos, rom XII s-Si jer kidev didi iyo Zala moZRvrobis institutisa, rasacmowmobs daviT aRmaSeneblis anderZi, roca man mTeli Tavisi qoneba monastrebs
dautova Tavisi moZRvris xeliT: Cemma Svilma demetrem `yoveli misces moZRvarsaCemsa... raTa romelni monasterni mamulisa Cemisani gamimwarebian, moZRvarman Cemman
ukan cemiTa maTiTa alocnes CemTviso~.
niko mari zrunavda qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Sesaswavlad, radganac igiar iyo saTanado doneze damuSavebuli. revoluciis Semdeg ki, aTeistebis
batonobis dros, cxadia, qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis istoria ar ganviTarebula,amis gamo kidev ufro dasafasebelia niko maris nafiqri am sferoSi. igi ikvlevda
qarTul saero samarTalsac. n. mari fiqrobda, rom warmarTuli epoqis saqarTvelo-Si mefe Tavis xelSi aerTianebda saero da sasuliero Zalauflebas. igi amavedros qurumTuxucesi iyo.156 ̀ qarTuli samarTali da sarwmunoeba adreul ZeglebSi
erTi sityviT gamoixateboda~. mefe pirvandeli iafeturi sazogadoebrivi warmod-geniT RvTis nacvalia, misave qurumi, mRvdeli~.157 n. maris mixedviT qarTuli ena,
misi kultura da eTnosi uZvelesia da mas `saerTo aqvs mTeli kacobriobisaRorZinebasTan~, man ori anbani Seqmna (xucuri da mxedruli) imis gamo, rom misierovnuli sulieri Semoqmedeba ukidures simaRleze iyo atanili.158 anbanis Seqmnas
warmarTobis epoqaSi debda, amiT exmianeboda Teimuraz batoniSvils, romelsacanton II-is biblioTekaSi upovia wigni `matiane SemecnebaTa~, romlis mixedviTac
qarTvelebs farnavazamde hqoniaT anbani, damwerloba, oRond igi xevisberTa, anuqurumTa wreSi yofila farulad mosaxmari - es iyo xucuri anbani, igi ebraulis
mixedviT yofila Seqmnili. farnavazs misgan ganuviTarebia mxedruli anbani.159
samarTlis terminologiis dadgenis dros n. mari misula daskvnamde, rom sityva`sazepuro~ - sparsuli warmoSobisaa (zenduri `visoputra~, aqedan `sepuh~) da
niSnavs `sakuTars~, `sobstvenni~, Semdeg miiRo warCinebulis mniSvneloba. TviTon`samarTlis~ fuZe `marTalSi~ gamoyo fuZe `arT~ `arta~. Zveli induri `arta~,
`rta~ niSnavda simarTles, siwmindes. Zvel sparsulSi `arta~ (arTa) erqvaRvTaebasac (magram gvaqvs waRmarTi, ukuRmarTi, aRmarTi, daRmarTi, mimarTva,momarTva da sxva).
aleqsandre vaCeiSvilma 1946-48 wlebSi gamoaqveyna Tavisi naSromi ̀ narkvevebiqarTuli samarTlis istoriidan~.
al. vaCeiSvilis azriT, ivane javaxiSvilma safuZveli Cauyara qarTuli
samarTlis istoriis sakiTxebis mecnierul Seswavlas, mohyavs iv. javaxiSvilisTvalsazrisi, rom qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Seswavlas abrkolebs qarTuliiuridiuli Zeglebis kritikulad gadasinjuli da dadgenili teqstebis gamoucemloba.
al. vaCeiSvilis azriT, `Zveli drois saero kanonmdeblobidan Cven xanamdeqarTuli iuridiuli Zeglebi ar Semonaxula~.160 Semonaxulia mxolod erTi
iuridiuli Zeglis nawyveti - ̀ bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis wignidan~, romeliciv. javaxiSvilis azriT, bagrat III-is xanas, XI s-is damdegs ekuTvnis. ucxoeli
156 g . n adareiSvili, `n. mari da qarTuli samarTlis sakiTxebi~, gv. 29; 157 n . mari, qarTulikulturuli ...., mnaTobi, 1925, #5-6, gv. 303; 158 mnaTobi, #4, 1925, gv. 208; 159 g. SaraZe , Teimurazbagrationi, cxovreba, 1972, gv. 122; 160 al. vaCeiSvili, narkvevebi qarTuli samarTlis istoriidan,t. I , 1946, t. II, 1948. gv. 6.
41saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mkvlevaris, karstis SexedulebiT, X-XI ss-Si Sedgenili bagratis kodeqsi xelaxla
gadamuSavebuli da Sevsebuli kanonikuri samarTlis elementebiT da saepiskoposo-
saeklesio samarTlis zegavleniT moTavsebulia aRbuRas kodeqsSi.161 am kodeqsisdaniSnulebaa Seqmnil iqnes Sereuli iurisdiqciis dargi, romelic ganawilebulia
saero xelisuflebasa da eklesias Soris, rac gasagebs xdis kanonikuri samarTlisim Zlier elements, romelsac vnaxulobT am kanonmdeblobaSi.162
saero xelisuflebis sasjelis garda, kanoni damnaSaves aseve emuqreba saeklesioxasiaTis sasjeliT (igulisxmeba beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis e.w. `kanonikuri samarTa-
li~), es ukanaskneli ki metad sastiki iyo.163 iv. javaxiSvili ambobs: `SeCvenebuls
veravin miekareboda, aravis ar unda eSvela misTvis, Tund rom gaWirvebuliyofiliyo, imitom rom vinc ki mas miiRebda, isic wyeul-SeCvenebuli gaxdeboda~.
al. vaCeiSvilis SexedulebiT, bizantiis sakanonmdeblo Zeglebi saqarTvelossaeklesio cxovrebaSi moqmed samarTlad iyo miCneuli. qarTuli eklesiis
iuridiul normebs Zlieri gavlena hqondaT saero samarTalze. zogierTi saero
samarTlis institutis wyaro saeklesio kanonmdeblobaSi unda veZioT. ZvelsaqarTveloSi, gansakuTrebiT X-XI ss-Si metad farTo iyo saeklesio sasamarTloebis
iurisdiqcia. maT eqvemdebareboda iseTi saqmeebi, romlebic Semdgom saukuneebSisaero sasamarTloebis xelSi gadavida.164 iv. javaxiSvilis sityviT, `qarTuli
saeklesio samarTlis moqmedebis asparezi wmida saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebiT
ar ganisazRvreboda, aramed gacilebiT ufro farTo daniSnuleba da sarbielihqonda.165 saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis gziT aris Semosuli qarTul sasamarTloSi
sxvadasxva iuridiuli cneba. am mxriv saqarTvelo gamonakliss ar warmoadgens,
radgan imave movlenas adgili aqvs dasavleT evropis xalxTa iuridiulcxovrebaSi da agreTve rusuli samarTlis istoriaSic~.166
al. vaCeiSvilis dakvirvebiT, evropeli mkvlevaris, karstis SexedulebiTsaqarTveloSi ori umaRlesi xelisuflebis - saeklesio da saeros arsebobam
gamoiwvia umaRlesi iurisdiqciis or dargad dayofa: sasulierod, romelic
ekuTvnoda kaTalikoss da saerod, romelic mefis xelT iyo. ori iurisdiqciisarsebobas karsti did rols miawers. am faqts, misi sityviT, Tanamedrove
iuristebma ar miaqcies saTanado yuradReba. am dayofas karsti gansakuTrebulmniSvnelobas aniWebs, radganac sisxlis samarTlis dargi saerTod, principialurad,
kaTalikosis saeklesio kompetenciaSi Sedioda, samoqalaqo iurisdiqciis dargis
saojaxo da saqorwino samarTalic - eklesiis xelSi iyo.167 amiT xsnis karsti imgaremoebas, rom samefo kanoni sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis ganxilvisas meryeobas
iCens da Cveulebriv maT akuTvnebs kaTalikozis kompetencias, amave faqtSi eZebs
igi imis axsnas, rom kaTalikosTa kanonebi arsebiTad sisxlis samarTlis dargsekuTvnian da sikvdiliT dasjas da gaZevebas aweseben. politikuri mosazrebis gamo
kaTalikozi ̀ nebayoflobiT uTmobs~ sisxlis samarTlis iurisdiqciis nawils mefes,gansakuTrebiT ganaCenTa aRsrulebis sferoSi da im dargs, rac sxeulis
sasjelebTan aris dakavSirebuli (dasaxiCreba, asoTmiReba, Tvalebis daTxra)~.
maSasadame, karstis mtkicebiT, sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebi eqvemdebareboda kaTalikozs,xolo samoqalaqo samarTlisa, zogierTi gamonaklisiT - mefes. al. vaCeiSvilis
azriT, aseTi daskvna faqtebs, saqmis namdvil viTarebas ar Seesabameba. misi azriT,
161 Karst, Code d`Aghbougha, Tome II , 1938, p. 5, 6; 162 al. vaCeiSvili, dasax. naSr. , gv. 7; 163 s.kakabaZe, sjulmdebeli bagrat kurapalati, 1912; 164 al. vaCeiSvili, narkve vebi qarTuli samarTlisistoriidan, I, 1946, gv. 7; 165 qarTuli samarTlis istoria, 1928, gv. 18; 166 al. vaCeiSvili, dasax.naSr ., gv. 2; 167 iqve , gv. 131; 168 iqve, gv. 132.
42 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
iurisdiqcias sisxlis samarTlis dargSi Sereuli xasiaTi hqonda.168 orive, rogorc
sasuliero, ise saero marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis saqmeSi monawileobda -vaxtangis kanonebis zogierTi im muxlis Tanaxmad, sadac erTad aris moxseniebuli
mefisa da kaTalikosis iurisdiqcia.169
iv. surgulaZis SexedulebiT arsebobda danaSaulTa specialuri sfero, romelicmxolod eklesiis iurisdiqciis sagans Seadgenda (sarwmunoebrivi, zneobrivi da
ojaxuri urTierTobis niadagze warmoSobili danaSauli), magram amave dros saerToxasiaTis danaSauls (mkvleloba, qurdoba da sxva) iTvaliswinebs da sjis TavisidadgenilebebiTa da sanqciebiT. amis mizezad mkvlevars miaCnia is faqti, rom
saqarTveloSi eklesia mxars uWers xelisuflebas da TanamSromlobs danaSaulisdevnasa da dasjaSi.170
`saeklesio samarTali, rogorc saqarTvelos saxelmwifo cxovrebaSi bizantiis
gavlenis Semomtani da gamomsaxveli, sisxlis samarTlis dargSi ueWvelad sajarosawyisebs icavda... romlis Tanaxmad, damnaSave unda daisajos ara dazaralebuli
piris, aramed saxelmwifos interesebis dasakmayofileblad... kaTalikozTa samarTal-Si sasjeli swored sajaro safuZvelzea agebuli~.171
al. vaCeiSvilis SexedulebiT, eklesia Zlier politikur da ideologiur
gavlenas axdenda mTel imdroindel sazogadoebriv urTierTobebsa da yofa-cxovrebaze, sazogadoebis msoflmxedveloba, kultura, zne-Cveuleba da samarTali
religiuri suliskveTebiT iyo gamsWvaluli. zogierT qveyanaSi eklesia aRwevdakidec politikur upiratesobas. eklesiis Zlieri politikuri mdgomareobisSesabamisad misi iurisdiqciac farTo iyo. XII s-saTvis eklesiam safrangeTSi
moipova vrceli kompetencia, mas eqvemdebareboda sisxlis samarTlis da asevesamoqalaqo saqmeebi, Tumca zogjer paralelurad saero xelisuflebis organoebT-
an.171 amis mizezad al. vaCeiSvils miaCnia saxelmwifo xelisuflebis daknineba,saxelmwifos ideis dasusteba, meore mizezad Tvlian imas, rom sazogadoebriviazri eklesiis sasamarTloTa mxareze iyo, isini udavod ufro maRla idgnen,
vidre saero xasiaTis sasamarTloebi. eklesia Zalian farTod avrcelebda Tavisiurisdiqcias saero pirebze.
saqarTveloSi eklesias gaaCnda farTo iurisdiqcia sxvadasxva sakiTxSi.172 vaxtangVI-is samarTlis wignis 61-e muxlidan Cans, rom kaTalikosis kompetenciagansazRvruli iyo sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebSi. sxva zogierT muxlSi laparakia
eklesiis sasamarTlo kompetenciaze (muxli 24, 62, 64, 65, 66, 78, 79, 81, 82,95, 96, 97, 155, 262). zogierTi muxlis Tanaxmad, saqmis ganxilvis ufleba
ekuTvnis mxolod kaTalikoss, zogierT muxlSi kanonmdebeli iTvaliswinebskaTalikosis da mefis SeerTebul iurisdiqcias (igulisxmeba vaxtang VI-is kanonebi).
beqas kanonebidan gamomdinare, karstis SexedulebiT, mawyvereli araa mxolod
saaTabagos uzenaesi pontifi, igi imave dros saero batonia, romelic inawilebsaTabagTan sakanonmdeblo da umaRles xelisuflebas, mis iurisdiqcias ekuTvnis 1.Ralati; 2. SebrZolebani da Tavdasxmebi feodalebs Soris, sadac mawyverels
hqonda Carevis da arbitraJis ufleba, romelsac igi iyenebda vetos dadebis dazavis Camogdebis gziT; 3. mZime danaSaulni, Cadenilni erTi da imave ojaxis
an gvaris wevrebs Soris; 4. saojaxo, saqorwino da memkvidreobis anukanonikuri, sasamarTloebi, romlebic mawyverels eqvemdebarebian.
169 al. vaCeiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 134; 170 iqve, gv. 35; 171 al. vaCeiSvili, n arkvevebi qarTulisamarTlis istoriidan, t. II, 1948, gv. 49; 172 iqve, gv. 51.
43saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
al. vaCeiSvilis SexedulebiT karstis mier gamoTqmuli azri gadaWarbebuli
araa da istoriul sinamdviles Seesabameba. karsti laparakobs mawyverelze, magrames Seexeba saerTod qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqcias, mis mdgomareobasa da uflebebs
marTlmsajulebis dargSi, am mxriv saaTabagoSi miRebuli saeklesio cxovrebiswesebi da eklesiis privilegiebi qarTuli eklesiis privilegirebuli mdgomareobisgamomxatveli iyo.173
iv. surgulaZe ̀ narkvevebi saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da samarTlis istoriidan~ganixilavs saeklesio gadasaxdelebs. Zlier gavrcelebuli sayovelTao saeklesiogadasaxadi iyo drama, `am gadasaxdelis Sinaarsi mdgomareobda garkveuli
raodenobis xorbleulis gadasaxdelSi. XVII-XVIII ss-Si drama fulidan produqtebisgadasaxdelad gadaiqca~.174 sxva gadasaxdeli iyo `sakanono~. mas eklesia iRebda
damnaSavisagan. `saeklesio sasamarTlos eqvemdebareboda garkveuli sisxlis samarT-lis saqmeebi~,174 magaliTad, erTi cnobiT, mkvlel damnaSaves gadaaxdevines
sakanonod erTi xari, jvardauwerel qmars - ori xari da sxva. uziarebladgardacvalebisas Wirisuflis sakanono iyo erTi xari. mesame gadasaxdeli iyo`niSani~ - esaa gamosaRebi, romelsac eklesiis msaxurni iRebdnen vismes gardacvaleb-
is SemTxvevaSi.175 mas ixdida mosaxleobis yvela fena episkoposis sasargeblod. amisgarda, sxvadasxva wesis Sesrulebisas monaTvla - gvirgvinis kurTxeva, gardacvaleb-
isas - ixdidnen morwmuneni.176
iv. surgulaZe naSromSi `qarTuli samarTlis istoriis wyaroebi~, exebaxevsureTSi SemorCenil wess, roca mniSvnelovani saqmis garCevis dros ganaCenis,
an gadawyvetilebis gamosatanad mimarTavdnen `bWes~, an `rjulis kacs~ - aseTi`rjulis kacebi~ mravalia xevsureTis sxvadasxva sofelSi. `rjulis kaci~ Wkua-gonebiT saxelganTqmuli xnieri kacia, cnobilia, viTarca Cvevebis didi mcodne. Tu
saqme mniSvnelovani iyo da imave dros aseTi saqmis Sesaxeb garkveuli wesi araxsovdaT, an sakiTxi sadavo iyo, maSin `rjulis kacebs~ iwvevdnen xevsureTis
yvela soflidan da isini erTad Sekrebilni arCevdnen saqmes. es wesi,177 romelicSemorCa xevsureTSi, Zvel saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebuli wesrigis anarekli unda
iyos. TviT sityva `rjulis kaci~, igivea, rac Zveli qarTuli `merCule~,`merjule~, rjulis, e.i. kanonis, wesis mcodne. merCuleTa, anu `rjulis kacTa~erTad Sekreba albaT anareklia krebisa, sasamarTlo Sekrebisa, anu Tu gnebavT
saeklesio krebisa, radganac `rjuli~, swored saeklesio sferos ganekuTvneba,Tumca ZvelqarTulad rjuli igivea, rac kanoni, wesi, romlis damcveli
yovelTvis eklesia iyo.
iv. surgulaZe aRniSnavs, rom `saeklesio Sinaarsis Zeglebs qristianulqveynebSi, da kerZod, saqarTveloSi moqmedi samarTlis mniSvneloba hqondaT. aseTi
Zeglebi orgvaria: msoflio saeklesio krebebis kanonmdebloba, romlebic gadmo-Targmnili iyo qarTulad da qarTuli, e.i. adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebisdadgenilebani. saeklesio Sinaarsis Zeglebi qarTuli saxelmwifosa da samarTlis
istoriis SemswavlelTaTvis mravalmxriv aris sayuradRebo: maTSi moipovebasaintereso masala saxelmwifo samarTlis, sisxlisa da samoqalaqo samarTlis
institutebis Sesaxeb. am Zeglebis saSualebiT SeiZleba gaTvaliswinebul iqnessaxelmwifosa da eklesiis damokidebulebis sakiTxebi, gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania
es Zeglebi saojaxo samarTlis institutebis Sesaswavlad, radganac, rogorccnobilia, eklesia saojaxo sakiTxebis mimarT gansakuTrebul interess iCenda.
173 al. vaCeiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 55; 174 iv. surgulaZe, qarTuli samarTlis istoriis wyaroebi,1984 , gv. 221; 175 iqve , gv. 222; 176 iqve , gv. 220; 177 iqve, gv. 12.
44 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
178 iv. surgulaZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 14; 179 ak. SaniZ e, qarTvelTa monasteri bulgareTSi, 1971, gv.124-125, leqsikoni; 180 iv. surgulaZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 143; 181 z. ratiani `saqarTvelos socialuriwyoba XII-XIV saukuneebSi~, 1970, gv . 23-24; 182 i. doliZe, Zveli qarTuli samarTali, Tb . 1953, gv.42; 183 z. ratiani, dasax . naSr. , gv. 28; 184 iqve, gv. 30; 185 iqve, gv. 40.
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Seswavlis TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT, mniSvnelo-
vania adgilobrivi, qarTuli saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebani. saeklesio sasamarT-los eqvemdebareboda zogierTi saero Sinaarsis saqme qorwinebis, gayris, col-
qmarTa damokidebulebisa da sxv. amasTanave, sisxlis samarTlis zogierTi saqme,saero sasamarTlo sasjelis garda, damatebiTi saxiT, saeklesio sasamarTlossasjelsac iwvevda. amasTanave, eklesia garkveul urTierTobaSi imyofeboda samefo
xelisuflebasTan: hyavda jari, moxeleebi, hqonda Tavisi droSa da sxv.~.178
iv. surgulaZis azriT - `kanons _ Zvel qarTulSi sjuli ewodeboda.tipikonSi gvxvdeba termini `Sjulis-deba~ e.i. sjuldeba,179 romliTac aRiniSneba
gangeba, wesdeba, TviT tipikoni. samefo xelisuflebis mier Sedgenil kanonebs _sjuldeba erqva.180
`beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis e.w. ̀ danarTi muxlebis~ raobisa da mniSvnelo-
bis garkvevis sakiTxi... sakuTriv beqa-aRbuRas samarTali Sedgeba 98 muxlisagan(aqedan beqas ekuTvnis 65, aRbuRas - 33 muxli), am samarTals vaxtangiseul
nusxaSi axlavs 72 e.w. `danarTi muxli~, romelTagan 62 muxli (99-160),ukanaskneli gamokvlevebiT, miCneulia bagrat kurapalatis samarTlad, xolo 10
muxli (161-170) _ kanonikuri samarTlis fragmentad. qarTul istoriografiaSi,amJamad, gabatonebulia Tvalsazrisi, romlis mixedviT es 72 muxli TiTqosSecdomiT aris darTuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTalze da, maSasadame, ar warmoadgens
beqa-aRbuRas saxeliT cnobili Zeglis nawils... Tvalsazrisi, TiTqos zemoTxsenebuli 72 muxli SecdomiT iyo darTuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTalze, swori ar
aris - aseve mcdaria azri, TiTqos danarTi muxlebis ZiriTadi nawili (99-160)marto bagrat kurapalatis samarTals warmoadgendes~.181
z. ratiani aRniSnavs, rom beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis danarTi muxlis
arseboba pirvelad iv. javaxiSvilma SeniSna. manve gamoTqva mosazreba, TiTqos esmuxlebi `SemTxveviT da SecdomiT~ iyos darTuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTalze. i.doliZis azriT, am muxlebis damateba unda mieweros vaxtang mefis sakodifikacio
komisias.182 frangi mecnieris a. karstis SexedulebiT, bagratis kodeqsi Sedga X-XI ss-Si, Semdegi redaqcia mas gaukeTa daviT aRmaSenebelma, SemdgomSi es bolo
redaqcia gadamuSavda da Seivso saepiskopos-saeklesio samarTlis mcodneTa mier damoTavsda aRbuRas kodeqsSi. z. ratiani aRniSnavs, rom karsts Tavisi Tvalsazrisi
dasabuTebuli ara aqvs. z. ratiani gamoricxavs imis SesaZleblobas, rom vaxtangVI-is swavlul kacTa komisias daeSva Secdoma da beqa-aRbuRas kanonebisaTvismiewera e.w. danarTi muxlebi.183 z. ratiani askvnis, rom e.w. danarTi muxlebi
sinamdvileSi warmoadgens beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis organul nawils, romelnicavseben da srulyofen mas.184 z. ratians mohyavs aRniSnuli `danarTi muxlebis~
SesavalSi arsebuli winadadeba - `saxeliTa RmrTisaYTa daiwyebis saRmrToYsagaCenili da gasaCeneli, pirvelad daviTian bagrat kurapalatisa da aRmaSenebelTamefeT-mefeTa brZanebiTa da merme ebiskoposTa didebulTa da aznaurTa da WkuianTa
kacTa mefeTa winaSe erTbamad gaCenili gangebiTa RmrTisaYTa~.
aq naxsenebi `aRmaSenebelTa mefeT-mefeTa brZanebiTa~ z. ratians ganmartebuli
aqvs, TiTqosda, saubaria daviT aRmaSenebelze,185 sinamdvileSi ki, aq saubaria araerT `aRmaSenebel~ mefeze, aramed mraval `aRmaSenebel~ mefeze. aRmaSenebeli ar
45saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
ewodeboda mxolod daviT aRmaSenebels, aramed yvela keTilmorwmune, qveynis
maSenebel mefes, aseTni ki mravalni iyvnen aRmavlobis gzaze mdgar tao-
klarjeTis `qarTvelTa samefosa~ da saqarTvelos sxva adgilobriv samefo
erTeulebSi, Tu aras vityviT gaerTianebuli saqarTvelos pirvel mefeebze. aq
`aRmaSenebel mefeebSi~ unda igulisxmebodes bagrat kurapalatis (IX s) Semdgomi
mefeebi, romelnic arabTa mier ganadgurebuli qveynis marTlac rom aRmaSenebelni
iyvnen. ase rom, aq daviT aRmaSenebeli ar unda igulisxmebodes.
z. ratiani gamoTqvams mosazrebas, rom monRolTa Semosevebis dros `yvelaze
naklebad eklesia dazianda~.186 amitomac, Tavisi mdgomareobis SenarCunebis mizniT,
saeklesio pirebis mier moxda bagrat-daviTis samarTlis axali redaqcia monRolTa
Semosevis momdevno periodSi, 1249-1316 wlebSi. is `gaZlierebulma samRvdeloebam
Tavisi interesebis Sesaferisad gadaakeTa~.187 es mosazreba usafuZvloa. z. ratiani
samarTlianad SeniSnavs, rom beqa-aRbuRas samarTals Zvel saqarTveloSi `beqasagan
ganaCeni samarTali~ ewodeboda. z. ratiani yuradRebas apyrobs samcxis samTavros
uzenaes sasuliero xelisufals - mawyverel-episkoposs. aRniSnavs, rom `faqtiurad
mawyverelis gavlena arcTu Camouvardeba, aramed aWarbebs kidec mTavris gavlenas~.188
`samarTlidan Cans, rom mawyverelis sisxli iseve araa gansazRvruli, rogorc
aTabagisa, maSasadame, oriveni kanonze maRla dganan, rogorc uzenaesi xelisufalni.
aTabagi umaRlesi saero xelisufalia, mawyvereli - umaRlesi sasuliero xelisu-
fali. rogorc aTabagi ar scnobs mefis xelisuflebas, aseve mawyvereli ar scnobs
kaTalikosis xelisuflebas~.188
`samarTlidan Cans, rom mawyvereli ara marto sasuliero saqmeebs ganagebda,
aramed saerosac, rasac ukve pirvelive muxli gvimowmebs. gamodis, rom mawyverelis
xelisufleba ufro vrceli iyo, vidre aTabagisa, radgan aTabagi mxolod saero
gamgebelia, mawyvereli ki, garda Tavisi ZiriTadi, sasuliero moRvaweobisa, saero
saqmeebSic ereoda~.188 z. ratiani aRniSnavs, `kanons warmoudgenlad miaCnia
moZRvris Sepyroba (episkoposze rom araferi vTqvaT) ... sakuTriv mRvdeli da
monazoni, viTarca sasuliero pirni, maRla dganan maT saero moZmeebze~.189
g. nadareiSvili friad sayuradRebosa da swors uwodebs iv. javaxiSvilis
mosazrebas, rom `qarTuli saeklesio samarTali marto SinaarsiT ki ar iyo
saeklesio, aramed warmomdinareobiTac. am mxriv, qarTuli saeklesio samarTali
ufro romis kaTolikeTa eklesiis `Corpus iuris cononici~-is miagavs, vidre aRmosav-
leTis eklesiis, berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio samarTals, imgvaradve, rogorc
qarTuli eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebiT bevri TvisebiT ufro romis saSualo
saukuneebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da rusTa eklesiebs~.190
g. nadareiSvili SeniSnavs, rom `qarTuli feodaluri wyobileba~ analogiuria
ufro dasavlur-evropulisa, vidre musulmanur-aRmosavlurisa. aseve saSualo
saukuneebis qarTuli saojaxo samarTalic met siaxloves amJRavnebs evropis
qveynebis saojaxo samarTlis institutebTan~.191
g. nadareiSvili saojaxo-saqorwino urTierTobis sakiTxebze didi mniSvnelobis
wyarod miiCnevs mociqulebisa, msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa kanonebs. aseve
berZnulidan SerCeviT Targmnil kanonikuri samarTlis Zeglebs... `basili makedonelis
186 z. ratiani, dasax . naSr. , gv. 44; 187 iqve, gv. 49; 188 iqve, gv. 61; 189 iqve, gv. 64; 190 iv. javaxiSvili,qarTuli samarTlis istoria, wigni I, tf., 1928, gv . 18-19; 191 g. nadareiSvili, qarTuli samarTlisistoriis n arkveve bi, 1971, gv. 16.
46 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
proxironis meSvide tituli, romelic naTesaobis xarisxs exeba, saqarTveloSi moqmed
sakanonmdeblo normad unda CaiTvalos. aseve moqmed an nawilobriv moqmed samarTlad
unda CaiTvalos vaxtangis krebulSi Sesuli e.w. `berZnuli kanonebi~, romlebic maTe
blastaris sintagmas armenopulos eqvs wignTagan Sevsebuls unda warmoadgendes~.192
`gacilebiT ufro didi mniSvnelobis wyarod unda CaiTvalos qarTuli
adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebebi, kaTalikos-patriarqTa epistoleebi,
samarTlis wignebi da sasamarTlo praqtika, agreTve naratiuli wyaroebi... Sua
saukuneebis saqarTveloSi specialuri saxelmwifo sakanonmdeblo organo ar
arsebobda. erTaderTi kanonmdebeli iyo mefe... aseve saeklesio krebebic mefeTa
dasturiT da mis moxeleTa monawileobiTve eweodnen sakanonmdeblo saqmianobas~.193
1975 wels gamoqveynda qarTuli kanonikuri samarTlis mniSvnelovani Zegli
`didi sjuliskanoni~, Tavis dros Targmnili arsen iyalToelis mier. mis
winasityvaobaSi enriko gabiZaSvili wers saqarTvelos adgilobriv krebebTan
dakavSirebiT: `qarTuli eklesiis istoria misi uZvelesi periodidanve Zneli
warmosadgenia adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebis gareSe, xolo adgilobrivi krebebi,imisda mixedviT, Tu ra rangisa iqnebodnen isini - kanonmdeblobis gareSe.
marTalia, yvela adgilobrivi kreba saeklesio kanonmdeblobas ar iTvaliswinebda
da mxolod eklesiis mimdinare wvrilmani sakiTxebis gadawyvetiT kmayofildebo-
da~,194 miuxedavad saqarTvelos xangrZlivi saeklesio istoriisa, `originaluri
kanonikuri mwerlobis arc erT Zegls Cvenamde ar mouRwevia XII s-is dasawyisamde.
bednier gamonaklisad ruis-urbnisis 1105 w. saeklesio krebis Zegliswera undaCaiTvalos, romelic ramdenime nusxiTaa Semonaxuli... rac Seexeba saeklesio
kanonmdeblobis naTargmn Zeglebs, arc amiTaa mdidari Zveli qarTuli mwerloba.
X s-mde, qarTul enaze ar SemogvrCenia aramcTu raime Targmnili kanonikuri
krebuli, aramed kanonikuri xasiaTis statiac ki.195
e. gabiZaSvili eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvils, rom XII s-mdec unda arsebuliyo
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebaTa mier gamocemuli Sesabamisi dadgenilebani da
ganCinebani werilobiTi saxiT gadmocemulni, magram dRemde maT ar mouRweviaT
- `krebaTa aqtebi anu `Zegliswera~, iseve rogorc sxva saeklesio krebaTa
dadgenilebani, romelTa Sesaxeb ubralo cnobebic ki ar gvaqvs, dReisaTvisdakargulad unda miviCnioT~.195
e. gabiZaSvili ar eTanxmeba iv. javaxiSvils, romelic fiqrobda, rom VII s-
is dasawyisSi, `epistoleTa wignis~ mixedviT kirionma III epistoles Tanaxmad
specialurad Targmna da somex mRvdelmTavrebs gaugzavna `oTxTa krebaTa wignebi~,
rac miuTiTebs, rom `VI-VII ss-Si saqarTvelos eklesias msoflio krebebis Zegliswer-aTa wigni hqonia, da amgvarad, qarTuli kanonikuri mwerloba, am SemTxvevaSi
msoflio eklesiis kanonebis saxiT, mainc arsebobda, rasakvirvelia, adgilobrivi
krebebis ZeglisweraTa wignebic iqneboda~.196 e. gabiZaSvili eTanxmeba k. kekeliZes,
romlis azriTac, ̀ epistoleTa wignis cnobaSi saubari pirveli oTxi msoflio krebis
sarwmunoebis simbolos exeba, `miT umetes, rom nikeis I da konstantinopolis II
msoflio krebaTa aqtebi, krebis sxdomaTa zustad Cawerili oqmebi, rogoric yvelasxva msoflio krebis Sesaxeb gvaqvs, saerTod ar unda arsebuliyo~.197
192 g. nadareiSvili, dasax . naSr., gv. 17 ; 193 iqve, gv. 18; 194 `didi sjuliskanoni~ gamosacemadmoamzades e. gabiZaSvilma, e. giunaSvilma, m. dolaqiZem, g. ninuam, Tbilisi, 1975, gv. 12; 195 iqve,gv. 13; 196 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlis istoria, I, Tbilisi, 1928, gv. 26-28; 19 7 `didisjuliskanoni~, gv. 14., Cvbhyjd R&^ J,jphtybt bcnjxybrjd&
47saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, saqarTveloSi kanonikur mwerlobas safuZveli Caeyara
eqvTime mTawmidelis mTargmnelobiTi moRvaweobis Sedegad. marTalia, iqamde
grigol oSkels (X s. dasawyisi) somxuridan uTargmnia grigol nazianzelis erTi
Txzuleba, romelsac garkveuli kavSiri hqonda I da II msoflio krebebze
arianelTa sakiTxis irgvliv ganviTarebul kamaTTan, magram igi e. gabiZaSvilsmainc miaCnia ara kanonikuri literaturis Zeglad, aramed dogmatikur-po-
lemikurad da fiqrobs, rom pirveli kanonikuri krebuli `mcire rCuliskanoni~
eqvTime mTawmidelma Seadgina berZnulidan Targmnili sxvadasxva kanonikuri statiis
safuZvelze, qarTuli eklesiis praqtikuli saWiroebisaTvis. krebulSi Sesuli: 1.
`wesi da gangeba da rCuliskanoni meeqvsisa krebisa~, warmoadgens trulis 691 wlis
krebis saxecvlil krebuls. 2. `kanoni SecodebulTani~, avtorad ioane mmarxveli(konstantinopolis V s. mTavarepiskoposi) aris dasaxelebuli, rac simarTles ar
Seefereba, vinaidan Zegli VIII-IX ss-Si Seqmnilad aris miCneuli. 3. `kanoni dRiTi-
dReTa cTomaTani~, romlis avtorad basilia dasaxelebuli, kidev ufro gviandeli
unda iyos. 4. `Zegliswera~ sarwmunoebisa, romeli aRwers wmidaTa mamaTa
konstantinopoles SekrebilTa, wmidaTa xatTa TayvaniscemisaTvis~.198
e. gabiZaSvilis daskvniT, eqvTimes es naSromi warmoadgens Tavisebur kanonikur
krebuls, Sedgenils trulis 691 wlis krebis kanonebisa da basili didis kanonebis
safuZvelze, romelsac damatebuli aqvs TviT mTargmnelis mier sxvadasxva wyaros
mixedviT Sedgenili kanonebic, maT Soris qarTuli da somxuri eklesiebis Sesaxebac.199
samarTlis sferoSi, aRniSnulis garda, eqvTimes dauweria kanonikur-liturgikuliSroma, romelSic ganmartebulia disciplinaruli xasiaTis sxvadasxva sakiTxi.
Txzuleba warmoadgens pasuxs giorgi beris SekiTxvaze, romelic mas Wyondididan
eqvTimesaTvis gaugzavnia.200 e. gabiZaSvili wers, rom eqvTimes garda zemoaRniS-
nulisa, uTargmnia `mcneba da gangeba msoflioTa xucesTa berZnuli, romeli
gardmosca qarTulad didma efTvimi~.201
giorgi mTawmidels uTargmnia Txzuleba `mcneba mRvdelTa mimarT~, `mcneba
wmidisa Jamiswirvisa mimarT, raTa ara wirviden dResa Sina orgzis, aramed
erTgzis~. e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, SesaZloa giorgi mTawmidelma agreTve Targmna
III msoflio krebis irgvliv Seqmnili epistolaruli memkvidreobis nawili,
romelsac Cvenamde ar mouRwevia. igi eTanxmeba k. kekeliZes, rom giorgimTawmidelis redaqtors an gadamwers Secdoma mouvida da mas miaweres `wigni
meeqvsisa krebisas~ Targmna, agreTve aRniSnavs, rom marTalia, qarTul naTargmn
literaturaSi bevri Txzuleba Seexeba saeklesio krebaTa istorias da dogmatikur
sakiTxebs, magram maT kanonikur mwerlobasTan mxolod zogadi Sexeba aqvs (nawili
maTi Tavmoyrilia arsen iyalToelis `dogmatikonSi~).202
`did sjuliskanonTan~ dakavSirebiT, e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, arsen iyalToelis
mier Targmnili aRniSnuli krebuli berZnuli 14-titlovani nomokanonis -
ZiriTadi kanonikuri kodeqsis erTaderTi Targmania qarTulad da es Zegli arc
manamde da arc Semdeg ar yofila gadmoRebuli.203
e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, arsen iyalToelma `didi sjuliskanoni~ Targmna 1105wlamde, ruis-urbnisis krebis mowvevamde, radganac krebis `Zeglisweras~ didi
198 am krebulis Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT ixileT `mcire sjuliskanoni~, gamosacemad moamzada e .giunaSvilma, Tb. , 1973; 199 didi sjuliskanoni, Sesavali, gv. 15; 200 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi,II I, 1970, gv . 5-18; 201 qronikebi gamocemuli T . Jordanias mier, II, 1897, gv. 82-83; 202 didisjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 16; 203 iqve, gv. 19.
48 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sjuliskanonis qarTuli Targmanis kvali atyvia.204 misi Targmna ruis-urbnisiskrebis mzadebasTan yofila dakavSirebuli. amitom misi Targmna XI s-ismiwurulSi, an XII s-is pirvel naxevarSi aris savaraudebeli.205 arsen iyalToelsSeurCevia nomokanonis is redaqcia, romelic qristianulma eklesiam 920 wliskonstantinopolis erT-erT udides krebaze oficialur kanonikur kodeqsad aRiara.e. gabiZaSvilis azriT, termini `sjuliskanoni~ ar aris `nomokanonis~ Targmani.`nomos~, misi azriT, qarTulad ar udris `sjuls~. sjuli aq sarwmunoebrivisamarTlis mniSvnelobas unda gulisxmobdes.206
e. gabiZaSvili xangrZlivi kvleviT askvnis, rom ruis-urbnisis `Zeglisweris~erT-erTi ZiriTadi wyaro `didi sjuliskanonia~207 da Sedgenil iqna am krebismowvevamde. misi azriT, ruis-urbnisis kreba mowveul iqna ara 1103 wels, aramed1105 wels, Tumca vaxuSti miuTiTebs 1103 wels, anu qarTuli qoronikonis 323wels.208 e. gabiZaSvils mohyavs Tavisi angariSi am krebis mowvevisa, racdamajereblad ar gveCvena.209
saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis cnobil mkvlevars babilina lominaZes mravalinaSromi aqvs Cveni eklesiis istoriis calkeuli periodebisa. maTSi uxvad arisgabneuli mniSvnelovani mosazrebani saeklesio samarTlis Sesaxebac. gansakuTrebiTaRsaniSnavia babilina lominaZis gamokvleva - `afxazeTis sakaTalikosos sinodismier miRebuli kanonebi (XVI s.)~.
misi gamokvlevis Tanaxmad, es e.w. `kaTalikosTa samarTalis~ saxeliT cnobilisaeklesio-iuridiuli Zegli gamosca dasavleT saqarTvelos, anu afxazeTis sakaTali-kosos saeklesio krebam (mas mkvlevari `sinods~ uwodebs), afxazeTis kaTalikosisevdemon CxetiZis dros (1557-1578 ww.). am saeklesio krebam `SeimuSava kanonebimosaxleobaSi darRveuli samoqalaqo da saeklesio wesebis aRsadgenad~.210
babilina lominaZis azriT, `krebis mowvevis dros saqarTvelo mZime sagareoda saSinao mdgomareobaSi imyofeboda... qveyanas Zirs uTxrida tyveTa syidva(romlis bazari TurqeTSi iyo, umetesad, afxazeTis meSveobiT). mosaxleobaSi,gansakuTrebiT afxazeTSi, qristianuli `rjulis garyvna~ am droisaTvis TiTqmismasobrivi gaxda, radgan yovelmxriv dauZlurebul bars mieZala mTieli mosaxleoba(adgilobrivi da Crdilo kavkasiidan gadmosulebi), romlebmac Tan moitanes naxevradwarmarTuli qristianoba... yovelive am Znelbedobam daarRvia mosaxleobis samoqalaqoda saeklesio cxovrebis wesrigi~.210
`xsenebuli krebis mier SemuSavebuli kanonebi da windarTuli Sesavalireliefurad gvamcnobs, Tu saxeldobr ra saxis `uwesobani~ yofila mosaxleobaSigavrcelebuli. SesavalSi naTqvamia (mogvaqvs SemoklebiT): ̀ me.... yovlisa saqarTvelosakaTalikozman patriarqman malaqia, me... afxazeTisa kaTalikozman mamaTmTavarmanevdemon, davsxediT da SevkribeniT yovelni episkoposni afxazeTisani da didisiymili movida codvaTa CuenTagan, mravali uwesoba da ujero saqme Semovida:kacis kvla, kacis syidva, eklesiis krexva da uxvedroba. davideviT sjuliskanoni...da sjulis kanonica asre brZanebs~.211
`garda zemoxsenebuli ori kaTalikosisa, krebas eswreboda yvela episkoposidasavleT saqarTvelodan (`afxazeTidan~) - sul aTi: quTaTeli mitropoliti
204 didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 20; 205 iqve , gv. 21; 206 iqve , gv. 23; 207 iqve , gv. 78; 20 8 v .batoniSvili, saqarTvelos istoria, 1885, gv . 174; 209 didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 80; 21 0 Jurn.`gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis uwyebani~, #2, 1996, gv. 57; 21 1 b. lominaZ e, `afxazeTis sakaTalikosossinodis mier miRebuli kanonebi (XVI)~; Jurn . `gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis uwyebani~ #2;1996 w. gv . 57.
49saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
svimoni, gelaTeli mTavarepiskoposi antoni, mama Wyondideli, bedieli mitropoli-
ti, moqveli mTavarepiskoposi, drandeli mitropoliti filipe, cagareli mamamTa-
vari kozman, xoneli mTavarepiskoposi zaqaria, nikorwmindeli episkoposi iovakim,CaiSeli mamamTavari kirile. am pirebs daumtkicebiaT krebis oqmi xelis moweriT
boloSi `kanoniTa vamtkiceb~. damswreTa raodenoba 12 akmayofilebda krebiskanonikur wess~.212
b. lominaZe wers,: `krebam SeimuSava metad mkacri sasjelebi, romlebicgaaforma daaxloebiT 23-e muxlSi (kanonSi). `samarTali~ umaRlesi fizikuri
sasjelisagan (sikvdilisagan) ar indobs kacis gamyidvels, romel wodebasac ar
unda ekuTvnodes is. tyvis gamyidveli Tu ver daabrunebs da gamoixsnis tyves,`veram saqmem ver ixsnas, ukanonodca ars, - Zels mieces~ (CamoxrCobil iqnes), Tu
gamoixsnis tyvis gamyidveli, maSin `SeCvenebul iyos~ (muxli 1). `vinc eklesia
gatexos da xati gaZarcos, ukanonod Zels mieces~ (muxli 2) aq or SemTxvevaSimiTiTeba `ukanonod~ imas niSnavs, rom damnaSavis sikvdiliT dasja Sesruldes
sakanonos gareSe, e.i. damnaSaves aRsarebis (sinanulis) da ziarebis miRebis ufleba(mRvdlis winaSe) warTmeuli aqvs~.213
`is faqti, rom aseTi ganaCeni iSviaTia TviT am ̀ samarTalSic~, mowmobs aseTidanaSaulis sixSires. misi simkacre imaSi mdgomareobs, rom damnaSave ispoba
aramarto fizikurad, aramed suliTac, romlis xsna sruliad aRar SeiZleba (is
ver moxvdeba sasufevelSi). sikvdiliT dasja Sefardebuli iyo mefis RalatisaTvis(muxli 16), colis `dagdebisaTvis~ bralis gareSe (muxli 23), qristianuli
Cveulebis darRvevisaTvis, rogoric iyo rZlis colad SerTva, dawesebulia
SeCveneba, amasTanave, SesaZleblad sanqcirebulia orives, kacisa da qalis ̀ dakirva~(muxli 22). `samarTalSi~ sxvadasxva fizikuri sasjelebi gaTvaliswinebulia
sisxlis Semdegi danaSaulebebisaTvis: Zmisa da mamis mkvlelisaTvis xelis moWra
(muxli 4); udanaSaulod kacis mokvlisaTvis dawesebulia jarima - sisxlis fasimixedviT imisa, Tu romel wodebas ekuTvnis mokluli (muxli 5); aseve
dawesebulia jarima qurdobisaTvis (muxli 6)~ (Jurn. `gelaTis mecnierebaTaakademiis uwyebani~).214
`eklesiebisa da monastrebis adgil-mamulebis dacvisaTvis ̀ samarTalSi Setanil-ia muxli, romlis Tanaxmad, vinc miiTvisebs saydris sofels, venaxs da a.S.
`SeCvenebul iyos~ (muxli 20); vinc eklesiaSi Seva da `saqonels~ gamoitans, man
unda daabrunos saqoneli da amis Camdeni ̀ daSavdes~ (aq igulisxmeba materialurian fizikuri sasjeli) (muxli 3)~.214
`sakaTalikoso kreba SeebrZola adgilebze episkoposisagan saeklesio wesebisdarRvevebs, rogoric iyo uRirsi mRvdlis da diakonis xeldasxma, amisaTvis
qrTamis aReba; rom episkoposebi TavianT samwysoSi drodadro ar dadian rjulis
saqmeebis mosawesrigeblad, saydars ar uvlian, ar zrunaven misTvis mamulebisSematebisaTvis; saydris ̀ SekazmisaTvis~ saWiro inventariT; zogierT saepiskoposoSi
ziarebas saero kacis xeliT agzavnian, an saero pirebi aziareben. yvela amdanaSaulisaTvis `samarTali~ awesebs episkoposis `SeCvenebas~ (muxlebi: 7, 8, 9,
10, 11); episkoposi, romelic ar gaigonebs kaTalikosis mxilebas mis danaSaulSi
da ar gamoswordeba, mefis mier gaiZeveba saydridan (muxli 15). (aqedan Cans,rom saepiskoposo kaTedras mRvdelmTavars aZlevs mefe da ara kaTalikosi).
212 iqve, gv. 57-58; 213 iqve, gv. 58; 214 i. doliZe , qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I, 1963, gv. 391;Jurn . `gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis uwyebani~ #2; 1996 w. gv. 58.
50 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
qorepiskoposebi, romlebic ar asruleben TavianT movaleobas, sasjelad imsax-
ureben SeCvenebas (muxli 12). `samarTalSi~ ganmartebulia, rom Tu saero piriepiskoposs da qorepiskoposs xels SeuSlis samwyso saqmeebis gangebaSi, ̀ sasjelis~(gadasaxadis) aRebaSi `SeCvenebul ars~ (muxli 13, 14); `vinc kaTolikozsa daepiskoposs aginos da upatiuroba hkadros, rarigadac sjulis kanonSi eweros,imrigad ganipatiJos~ (muxli 17).215
`bolos, krebis ̀ samarTali~ sasjelad awesebs dakrulva-SeCvenebas imisaTvis, vinc
ar Seiwynarebs am `sjulis wigns~ da ar daemorCileba kaTolikoss (muxli 21)~.216
`unda aRvniSnoT `samarTlis~ Tavisebureba, rac imaSi mdgomareobda, rom aqerTad aris ganxiluli saeroTa mier Cadenili danaSauli da sasulieroTa mimarTCadenili sxvadasxva danaSauli. aseve saeklesio pirTa mier Tanamdebobrivi dadisciplinaruli darRvevebi da maT mimarT Cadenili sxvadasxva danaSauli.sxvanairad rom vTqvaT, is faqti, rom ̀ samarTalSi~ erTadaa ganxiluli saeklesio
da saero xasiaTis danaSaulobebi Sesabamisi fizikuri da sasuliero sasjelebiT,miuTiTebs iseT Tvisebaze, rac qarTul samarTalSi Cveulebrivi ar aris~.216
b. lominaZe aRniSnavs, rom `gansaxilvel `samarTalSi~ aRniSnuli TaviseburebaSeniSna iurist-mkvlevarma niko xizaniSvilma (XIX s.). is wers: `samarTali~Seicavs, `saeklesios garda, zog danaSauls, romelic sisxlis samarTals Seexeba(mag., kaciskvla). magram faqtis axsnas, rasac avtori iqve iZleva, ver
daveTanxmebiT. misi azriT: `samoqalaqo da sisxlis samarTlis `ganucalkevebloba~,rac `samarTals axasiaTebs, niSnavs `iuridiul azrovnebiTs ganuviTareblobas... dakidev imas, rom saqarTveloSi eklesia mowyobili iyo feodalurad, racgamoixateboda, rom is Tavis sabrZanebelSi arCevda yovelgvar danaSauls~. `amiTaixsneba~, dasZens avtori, rom samarTalSi `moipoveba iseTi zogierTi danaSauli,
romelic saeklesio kanons ar Seesabameboda~.216
`marTalia, eklesia Sua saukuneebSi ̀ mowyobili iyo feodalurad~, magram saqmeisaa, rom sasamarTlo saqmeebis aseTi ganuyoflobis sistema, romelic am`samarTalSi~ aris daculi, axasiaTebda saqarTveloSi mxolod, da isic nawilobriv,iseT zogierT saeklesio senioriebs (mag. samefo monastrebs _ SiomRvimes, gelaTsda mcxeTis sapatriarqos - sveticxovlis saydars mefis xeldebuls), romlebic sar-
geblobdnen sasamarTlo imunitetiT, rogorc sasisxlo (mag., qurdoba, mkvleloba...),ise rjulis saqmeebSi, magram mas ar hqonda ufleba gaerCia iseTi saqme, romelicsasjelis umaRles zomas _ sikvdils moiTxovda. es ukanaskneli mxolod mefissasamarTlos prerogativa iyo. saeklesio senioriis sasamarTlo, sadac msajulebad
da saqmis gamrCevad kaTalikosi, episkoposi, monastris winamZRoli an mTavard-iakoni (saerTod, eklesiis ufrosoba) gamodioda, ganaCenSi kmayofildebodadamnaSavis jarimiT (dazaralebulis sisxlis fasis mixedviT), amasTan erTad,sxvadasxva saxis sakanonos dadebiT, eklesiidan gaZevebiT da a.S. rac Seexeba imas,rom am `samarTalSi~ TiTqos Candes `iuridiuli azris ganuviTarebloba~
(saqmeebis `ganucalkeveblobis~ gamo), arc es aris misaRebi. piriqiT, qarTulmaiuridiulma azrovnebam aseTi tipis ̀ samarTliT~ monaxa gamosavali, rom arsebulsituaciaSi (romelSic qveyana am dros imyofeboda), saxelmwifosa da eklesiasmieRwiaT saerTo miznisaTvis - mZime danaSaulebaTa aRmofxvrisaTvis, rac erisarsebobas Zirs uTxrida~.217
215 i. doliZe, qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I, 1963, gv. 391; Jurn . `gelaTis mecnierebaTaakademiis uwyebani~ #2; 1996 w., gv . 58-59; 216 iqve, gv. 59; 217 Jur. `gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiisuwyebani~, #2, 1996, gv. 59-60.
51saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
b. lominaZe aRniSnavs, `samarTlis~ kidev erT Taviseburebas: 12 mRvdelmTavris
mier SemuSavebul `samarTalSi~, sul 23 muxlidan, sasjelis umaRlesi zoma -
sikvdili sanqcirebulia danaSaulis xuT SemTxvevaSi; sxva saxis fizikuri sasjeliSefardebulia danaSaulis or-sam SemTxvevaSi (mkvlelobisaTvis, qurdobisaTvis...).
saerTod, damnaSavis fizikuri dasja qarTul marTlmadidebel eklesias da arcmsoflios sxva marTlmadidebel eklesiebs ar axasiaTebT. fizikuri sasjelebi
arsebobda dasavleT evropis romis kaTolikur eklesiaSi, sadac XIII s-Si daarsda
sagangebo saeklesio sasamarTlo inkviziciis saxiT (iarseba XVIII s-mde). inkviziciaarCevda mosaxleobaSi mxolod gavrcelebul mwvalebelTa (eretikosTa) saqmeebs.
eresSi SemCneul da msjavrdadebul pirovnebas usjida sikvdils cecxlSi dawviT,
wamebas, dapatimrebas da sxv.218
`samarTalSi~ SeCveneba (anaTema) gamoyenebulia 13 SemTxvevaSi. aqedan episkoposis
mimarT 6 SemTxvevaSi, saeros mimarT 7 SemTxvevaSi (sakanono mRvdlis mimarT3 SemTxvevaSi, saeros mimarT 2 SemTxvevaSi). SeCveneba iyo sulieri sasjelis
umaRlesi zoma. simkacriT is aRemateboda xorciel umaRles sasjels _ sikvdils,radgan is gulisxmobda sulis sikvdils (SeCvenebis Teologiuri arsi is aris, rom
SeCvenebulis suli xorcieli gardacvalebis Semdeg veRar moxvdeboda sasufevelSi,
qristes meored mosvlis Semdeg sayovelTao gankiTxvis dros misi sulidaemkvidreba jojoxeTSi... mis suls ver ixsnis veraviTari saSualeba: qvelmoqmedeba,
wirva-locva da a.S.), magram mainc aris gamosavali isev eklesiis meSveobiT:
kaTalikosma an episkoposma, romelmac misi suli `Sekra~, masve SeuZlia suli`axsnas~. episkoposis mimarT SeCvenebis sixSire mowmobs imas, rom saeklesio
danaSaulic Sors yofila wasuli. saerTod ki SeCvenebas umaRles sasjelTa Sorisukavia pirveli adgili, meorezea fizikuri sasjeli~.219
b. lominaZis azriT, `afxazeTis sakaTalikosos sinodis mier SemuSavebuli
kanonebi (e.w. `samarTali kaTalikosTa~) xasiaTdeba sasjelis simkacriT, `samarTal-Si~ sasjelis umaRles zomad gamoyenebulia sami saxis zoma: sikvdili, sikvdili
`ukanonod~ (mxolod ori saxis danaSaulisaTvis) da SeCveneba. es garemoebaTavisTavad mowmobs imas, rom mZime danaSauli xSiria (tyvis gayidva, eklesiis
gatexa-gaZarcva... da danaSaulebaTa siRrme imdenad sagangaSoa, rom am dros mefis
Zalaufleba sakmarisi ar aris maT mosaspobad, saWiro gamxdara eklesiisavtoriteti da misi qmediTi Careva, rac gamoixata swored amgvari `samarTlis~
SemuSavebaSi. aman, Tavis mxriv, aamaRla eklesiis roli saxelmwifoSi. amrigad,
aseTi `samarTali~ didi Sedegis momtani unda yofiliyo dasavleT saqarTvelossaero da saeklesio cxovrebis gasajansaReblad~.220
cnobili qarTveli samarTalmcodne da samarTlis Zeglebis gamomcemeli isidoredoliZe ixilavs saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTalsac.221
is. doliZis azriT, Sua saukuneebis saero samarTlis Zeglebze didi gavlenaiqonia kanonikurma samarTalma. sasuliero wodeba feodaluri sazogadoebis Zlier
Zalas warmoadgenda. eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebiT meore saxelmwifo iyo saxelmwi-foSi. igi farTo politikuri da uflebrivi SeuvalobiT sargeblobda, mas
damoukidebeli sasamarTlo iurisdiqcia hqonda. amave dros saero samarTlisa da
samoqalaqo cxovrebis mTeli rigi sakiTxebi kanonikuri samarTlis normebiT wesrigde-boda da saeklesio sasamarTloebis kompetencias Seadgenda. feodalur samarTalSi
218 Jur. `gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis uwyebani~, #2, 1996, gv. 60; 219 iqve, gv. 60-61; 220 iqve,gv. 61; 221 i. doliZe , Zveli qarTuli samarTali, Tb., 1953.
52 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saeklesio dogmebi batonobdnen da samarTlis mecnierebac RvTismetyvelebis mTliani
batonobis qveS imyofeboda, mis dargad iTvleboda. samRvdeloebisa da RvTis-metyvelebis batonobam mTel sazogadoebaze gansazRvra saeklesio samarTlis didi
roli saero samarTlis normebisa da institutebis warmoqmnasa da CamoyalibebaSi.
qarTuli saero samarTlis mTeli rigi institutebi saeklesio samarTlidanmomdinareoben. saeklesio sasamarTloebis farTo iurisdiqcia xels uwyobda mis
gavlenas saero samarTalze. saero sasamarTloebis saqmeebis mTeli rigi winaTsaeklesio sasamarTloebs eqvemdebareboda. amasTan, saWiroa gaviTvaliswinoT isgaremoeba, rom qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis `moqmedebis asparezi marto wminda
saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebiT ar ganisazRvreboda, aramed gacilebiT ufrofarTo daniSnuleba da sarbieli hqonda. eklesias saqarTveloSi Tavisi jari da
moxeleebi hyavda. qarTuli saeklesio samarTali marto eklesiis sarwmunoebrivsaqmianobas ki ar exeboda, aramed saxelmwifoebriv yofacxovrebasac. qarTul
eklesias saxelmwifoebrivi wyobilebis bevri damaxasiaTebeli niSani aqvs. akad. iv.javaxiSvilis azriT, eklesiis kanonikuri samarTali ufro romis kaTolikeTaeklesiis kanonikuri samarTlis krebuls, corpus iuris canonici-s miagavs, vidre
aRmosavleTis eklesiis, berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio samarTlisas imgvaradve,rogorc qarTuli eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebis bevri TvisebiT ufro romis
saSualo saukuneebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmorwmune berZenTa da rusTaeklesiebs. `qarTuli samarTlis istoriis Sesaswavlad didi mniSvneloba metadreadgilobriv, qarTul saeklesio sjuldebas aqvs, magram msoflio eklesiis krebebis
dadgenilebani da berZnuli sjulis kanonic Zvirfasia mkvlevarTaTvis, jer erTiimitom, rom kanonmdeblobis es Zeglebic moqmed samarTlad iyvnen saqarTveloSi.
akad. iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, `didi sjulis kanoni~ naTargmni unda iyos IX-X ss-Si, roca samcxisa da tao-klarjeT-SavSeTis qarTul samonastro centrebSi
samwerlobo moRvaweoba gaCaRda da bizantiis ganaTlebis umTavres savaneebTanmWidro sulieri kavSiri Seiqmna. es metad sayuradRebo da mniSvnelovani garemoebaabeqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wyaroebis Sesaswavlad da kerZod, im azris naTelsayofad,
rom samarTlis wignis erT-erT wyaros saeklesio samarTali warmoadgenda~.
is. doliZis azriT, beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis Sedgenamde bevri saeklesio krebaiqneboda albaT mowveuli, magram saeklesio sjulmdeblobas Cvenamde ar mouRwevia.
am mxriv gamonakliss warmoadgens ruis-urbnisis 1103 wlis saeklesio kreba,romlis sakanonmdeblo moRvaweoba cnobilia CvenTvis ̀ Zeglis weris~ saxelwodebiT.
aRniSnuli saeklesio krebis ZiriTadi mizani, rogorc es `Zeglis weridan~ Cans,saeklesio wes-wyobilebis, samRvdelmsaxuro wesebisa da mrevlis zneobaTa daSecodebulebis ganxilva da mowesrigeba iyo, amitom aRniSnuli sjulmdeblobis
mniSvneloba gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnes beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis Seswavlisas.mniSvnelovania, agreTve, saeklesio krebis moxseneba da dadgenileba, romelic 1263-
65 wlebs Soris unda iyos Sedgenili. saeklesio krebis aRniSnuli dadgenilebaSeicavs debulebas saeklesio mamulebis saxelmwifo xelisuflebis mier sxvebze
gacemis Sesaxeb da amitom mas didi mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTvelos ekonomikuri dasocialuri istoriis Sesaswavlad. dadgenileba iZleva sayuradRebo cnobebssaxelmwifosa da eklesiis uflebrivi damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. safiqrebelia, rom
orive saeklesio krebis zemoaRniSnul Zeglebs icnobdnen sjulmdeblebi beqa daaRbuRa da, SesaZloa, iTvaliswinebdnen maT samarTlis wignis Sedgenisas.
saeklesio samarTlis gavlena beqa-aRbuRas samarTalSi naTlad Cans samcxe-
saaTabagos mRvdelmTavris, mawyverelis uflebrivi mdgomareobidan. awyuris episko-
53saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
posis sasamarTlo iurisdiqcias eqvemdebareboda mTeli rigi mniSvnelovani sisxlisa
da samoqalaqo samarTlis saqmeebi. mawyvereli aTabagTan erTad axorcielebs
umaRles sasamarTlo xelisuflebas. saaTabagos saqarTvelos samefosagan gandgomamdidi gavlena moaxdina mawyverelis damoukideblobasa da misi sasamarTlo
iurisdiqciis zrdaze. saaTabagoSi mawyvereli iseTive umaRlesi saeklesio Tanam-debobis piri iyo, rogoric kaTalikosi saqarTveloSi. Tu aTabagi saqarTvelos
mefes arafers ekiTxeboda, mawyverelic damoukidebeli iyo mcxeTis saeklesio
kaTedralisagan. samcxe-saaTabagoSi igi damoukideblad axorcielebda umaRlessaeklesio xelisuflebas da sjulmdeblobas. rogorc beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis
pirveli winasityvaobidan Cans, awyurisa da safaris eklesiebs sakuTari kanonmde-
blobac hqoniaT, romelic `Cuen ganaRamca agreve davamtkiceTo~, ambobs aRbuRa,awyursa da safaris kanonmdeblobaze miTiTeba cxadyofs saaTabagoSi mawyverelis
umaRlessa da damoukidebel uflebriv mdgomareobas. Tu saeklesio saqmeebSimawyvereli uzenaesi piria, saero samarTlis saqmeebSi is aTabagis Tanasworia,
masTan erTad axorcielebs umaRles marTlmsajulebas.
is. doliZe wers: beqas samarTlis winasityvaobaSi aRbuRa didi mokrZalebiT
aRniSnavs, rom samarTlis wigni SevadgineT mawyverelisa da samcxe-saaTabagos
episkoposTa da meudabnoeTa moweseTa monawileobiT; kanonis Sedgena romganvizraxeT, yvelaferi `movaxseneT patiosansa mawyverelsa~ da `mindobilni
RmrTisani da awyurisa RmrTismSoblisani~ SevudeqiT ganaCenis daweraso.
beqas samarTlis wignis I muxlis mixedviT, roca didebulis mier didebulis
mokvlis SemTxvevaSi `patronisa jayelisa da mawyverelisa kacni~ damnaSaves
adgilze miuswreben, mas aRar aqvs ufleba dazaralebuls kidev sxva zianimiayenos da, Tu mas Semdegac emateba `patronisa da mawyverelis patiji
gadaixadoso~. `patiji~ gansakuTrebuli jarima iyo aTabagisa da mawyverelis
pativis SelaxvisaTvis. Tu damnaSave sisxlisa da patiJis daurvebas ver SeZlebs,gaZevebul unda iqnes da misi `mamuli patronsa aqundes - jayelsa da
mawyuerelsao~.. aseTive mdgomareobas aqvs adgili aznauris mier aznauris mokvlisSemTxvevaSic. Tu damnaSave kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul sazRaurs ver gadaixdis, igi
unda gadaixvewos da misi mamuli patronsa da mawyverels unda gadaeces, rogorc
sasamarTlo xelisuflebis umaRles warmomadgenlebs. Zmam Tu Zma an axlo naTesavimokla, saqme aTabagsa da mawyverels unda moxsendes, radgan aseTi danaSauli
`saRmrTod bralia da sakanono askeci~. damnaSaves Cveulebriv sasjels garda
saeklesio sasjelic unda daedos - `episkopozman misi wesi icis, raca marTebs,man uyoso~. damnaSave unda gadaixvewos, misi mamuli aTabagsa da mawyverels unda
gadaeces. damnaSavis saqme, romelic Tavs daesxa sasaflaos, gatexa an Seuracxyoeklesia, episkoposma unda ganixilos, rogorc umaRlesma mosamarTlem, da iseTi
sasjeli daados, rasac saWirod dainaxavs (`qristes sisxlis pativsa mcnebulTa viTa
uyvars, egeTi patiJi dauurvebinon~), radgan aseTi mZime danaSaulisaTvis sasjelisgansazRvra SeuZlebeliao. aTabagTan erTad mawyverlis sasamarTlo kompetencias
Seadgenda mZime saxelmwifo danaSauli, romelic cnobilia beqa-aRbuRas samarTalSi
`Ralatis~ saxelwodebiT. Tu aTabagis mfarvelobaSi myofi kaci, vasali, anu`mindobili kaci~ RalatiT vinmes cixesa da saxl-kars waarTmevs, misi saqme
aTabagTan erTad mawyverelsac unda moxsendes (`patronma da mawyverelman cnas~).amrigad, mawyvereli aTabagTan erTad umaRlesi sasamarTlo xelisuflebis warmo-
madgenelia. isini ganixilaven sisxlis samarTlis mZime danaSaulTa saqmeebs
(mkvlelobas, Tavdasxmas, Ralatsa da sxv.). aTabagi, rogorc umaRlesi saero
54 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
xelisuflebis warmomadgeneli, da mawyvereli, rogorc umaRlesi sasuliero
xelisuflebis warmomadgeneli, erTdroulad da Tanasworad axorcieleben sasamarT-lo xelisuflebas zemoaRniSnuli saqmeebis gamo. aTabagisa da mawyverlis
sasamarTlo xelisufleba SeerTebulia da mas sisxlis samarTlis dargSi SereulixasiaTi aqvs. magram mawyverels amasTan erTad Tavis samwysoSi calke damoukide-beli saeklesio iurisdiqcia aqvs. sulisa da eklesiis saqme mxolod mas exeboda
da aTabagi mis uflebebSi ver Caereoda. saojaxo samarTlis dargic xommawyverlis iurisdiqcias Seadgenda. qorwinebisa da ojaxis saqme mawyverels
ekiTxvis. Tu kaci gvariTa da RirsebiT masze ufro sapatio cols gascildeba,sisxli Tavisi gvaris mixedviT unda dauurvos, radgan `macxovarman dawyevasaSigan esreT rqva: qmrisamca Senisa mimarT ars moqceva Senio~. es aris norma,
romelic daamkvidra saeklesio samarTalma saojaxo samarTlis dargSi.
is. doliZis azriT, memkvidreobiT samarTalSic cxadad igrZnoboda saeklesio
samarTlis gavlena. anderZiT memkvidreobis iuridiul Zalas mxars uWers damtkices xdis eklesia. anderZi samkvidros damtoveblis gardacvalebis Semdeg arismtkice da namdvili, sicocxleSi ki samkvidros damtovebels misi gauqmebac
SeuZlia da ZalaSi datovebac. es wesi `ganbrZnobili ars wmidaTa mamaTagansjulTa samoZRvreblad, ebistoleTaca Sigan esreT weril ars amisTanasa saqmesa
Sigan kacTagan Sesvlaze, qveqceva mal SeuZlebel ars da nuvin xelhyofso~. eseckanonikuri samarTlidan Sesuli wesia beqas samarTalSi. msxvil feodalsa da misvasals Soris rom raime dava wamoiWreba, saqme sasamarTlom miudgomel da
piruTvnel kacTa monawileobiT unda gadawyvitos da Searigos modave mxareebi,radgan `caTa da qveynisa Semoqmedsaca ezom undosa adamiansa Sua dasxmulni
moZRvarni da mecnierni kacni Seazavebeno~, naTqvamia aRbuRas samarTalSi.maSasadame, saeklesio samarTali sasamarTlo warmoebis sakiTxebzedac avrcelebs
Tavis gavlenas. marTlmsajulebas RvTaebrivi Zala aqvs. mosamarTle RvTis moSiSida sulis saqmis pativis mcnebeli unda iyos. angareba da sixarbe RvTisganmarisxebeli saqmea da mosamarTle angarebiT saqmes nuravis daumtkicebso. `ese
sityva wmidaTa mamaTa ars, Tu - sixarbe bunebiT mxedvelobisa kapi ariso dayoveli avi RmrTisa da kacTa ganmarisxebeli saqme mas zeda Camokidebuli ariso~,
ambobs aTabagi aRbuRa.
is. doliZe aRniSnavs - saeklesio samarTlis Zala da avtoriteti gamoyeneb-ulia valdebulebiTi samarTlis dargSic. es gansakuTrebiT naTlad Cans sesxis
xelSekrulebis pirobebidan. aRbuRas samarTali valis xelSekrulebis dros krZalavs`didi sargeblis~ aRebas. Tu kreditorma didi procenti aiRos msesxeblisagan,arakanonieria da unda daubrunos, radgan `angareba Tavad codvad weres sjulis
moZRvarTa kacTa wmidaTa~ da `vaxSis sidide ganmarisxebelia RmrTisao~.
erT adgilas beqa moses kanonmdeblobasac imowmebs. roca Zmebi gaiyofiansamemkvidreo qonebis zedmeti wili - `sauxuceso~, - romelic winaparTa
pativiscemisa da sulis mosaxseneblad iyo gankuTvnili, ufros Zmas eZleva. amwess ̀ TviT moses piriTa dambadebeli ̀ dabadebasa~ Sigan daswers~, romelic Znelad
moiSlebiso. amrigad, beqa-aRbuRas samarTlis wignis mTeli rigi muxlebi Seicavensaeklesio samarTlis wesebsa da debulebebs. gansakuTrebiT es gavlena, rogorc
davinaxeT, igrZnoba samarTlis wignis im normebSi, romlebic awesrigebensamoqalaqo, saojaxo da memkvidreobiT urTierTobas da agreTve sasamarTlowarmoebasac. zemoaRniSnulidan savsebiT gasagebia samcxe-saaTabagos episkoposis -
mawyverelis - farTo ufleba-mosileba saero iurisdiqciis dargSi.
55saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
is. doliZis azriT, scdeboda n. urbneli, romelic fiqrobda, rom beqa-
aRbuRas kanonebis boloSi darTuli 102-e da 103-e muxli, romlebSic laparakia
mefisa da episkoposis urTierTdamokidebulebis Sesaxeb, samarTlis wignis organ-
ul nawils warmoadgenda da aqedan im araswor daskvnas akeTebda, rom TiTqos
aRniSnuli muxlebi gamoxatavdnen aTabagisa da mawyverlis uflebriv mdgomar-
eobas. mawyvereli `zogs SemTxvevaSi Tavis saero uflebiT aTabagsac ki
aRemateba... aTabags raRa ufleba hqonda episkopozzed? - araferi... aTabags xom
`mefe~ ar eTqmoda, `mefed~ moxsenebulia mxolod episkopozi da es saxelwodeba
cxadad amtkicebs mis upiratesobaso.222
is. doliZe mcdarad miiCnevs agreTve n. urbnelis azrs saaTabagos sasuliero
wodebis privilegiuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. raki 98-e muxlis Semdgomi muxlebi
beqa-aRbuRas samarTlad miiCnia, n. urbnelma daxata saaTabagos sasuliero wodebis
ierarqiuli struqtura. zemoaRniSnul muxlebSi sasuliero wodebis pirTaTvis
gaakeTa, rom sasuliero wodebas didi upiratesoba hqonda saero xelisuflebasTan
SedarebiTo. aseTi mdgomareoba urbnelis azriT imiT aixsneba, rom `saaTabagoSi
aRorZinda bizantiis ukiduresi orTodoqsuli moZRvreba, romelsac sulsa da
saRmrTo saqmeTa garda sxva araferi swamda. aseTma mimarTulebam metad ganadida
sasuliero wodeba da mTeli eris grZnoba am wodebas daumorCila.223
is. doliZe daaskvnis: sinamdvileSi zemoaRniSnuli muxlebi ar Seicaven
saaTabagos sasuliero wodebis uflebriv mdgomareobas, ar Seadgenen beqa-aRbuRas
samarTlis nawils da gamoxataven XI s-is gaerTianebuli saqarTvelos suraTs, roca
samRvdeloebas maRla eWira Tavi.
TavianT SromebSi saeklesio samarTals tendenciurad ixilavdnen qarTveli
sabWoTa samarTalmcodneebic. sabWoTa samarTlis mixedviT, `masebis motyuebis,
brZolisunarianobis modunebis da, saerTod, ideologiuri daTrgunvis erT-erT
mniSvnelovan iaraRs burJuaziul wes-wyobilebaSic warmoadgens iseTi reaqciuli
organizacia, rogoricaa eklesia~.224
giorgi inwkirveli exeba kanonikur samarTalsac: `feodalizmis epoqaSi,
eklesiis rolisa da mdgomareobis Sesabamisad, didi mniSvneloba hqonda, agreTve,
saeklesio samarTlis normebs, e.w. kanonikur samarTals. specialuri saeklesio
sasamarTloebic ki arsebobda, romlebic ganixilavdnen ara marto sasuliero
pirebis, aramed saero pirebis saqmeebsac, rac Seexeba saqorwino da saojaxo sakiTxebs,
maTi mowesrigeba TiTqmis mTlianad saeklesio samarTlis normebis mixedviT xdeboda.
amis Sesaxeb f. engelsi werda: ̀ eklesiis dogmebi amave dros politikur aqsiomadac
iqca da bibliis teqstebma yovel sasamarTloSi kanonis Zala miiRo~.225
qarTuli samarTlis istoriis calkeuli sakiTxebi ganxiluli aqvs m. broses
(`saqarTvelos istoria, naw. 1-2, Targmani s. RoRoberiZisa~, tf. 1895-1900), p.
ioselians (Rhfnrfz bcnjhbz Uhepbycrjq Wthrdb^ CG<& 1843), e. TayaiSvils (`rCeuli
nawarmoebebi~, t. 1, 1968), s. kakabaZes (`saistorio Ziebani~, tf. 1924, `sasisxlo
sigelebis Sesaxeb~, tf., 1924, saqarTvelos istoria (1500-1810), tf., 1922, ̀ saqarTvelos
istoria 1819 wlidan~, Tb., 1994). e. xaxanaSvils ((Ljgjkytybt r uhepbycrbv rfnfkbrjcjd-
bv pfrjyfv)), mix. TarxniSvils sxvadasxva SromaSi (m. TarxniSvili, werilebi,
222 n. urbneli, aTabagi beqa da aRbuRa da maTi samarTali, gv. 7; 223 iqve, gv. 83; 224 g. inwkirveli,saxelmwifosa da samarTlis Teoria, saxelmZRvanelo iuridiuli fakultetis studentebisaTvis,mexuTe gamocema, Tb . 1979, gv. 121; 225 iqve, gv. 111.
56 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
226 samarTali batoniSvilisa daviTisa~, d. furcelaZis gamocema, Tb. , 1964; `vaxtang VI, samarTliswigni, T. e nuqiZis gamoc. Tb. 1955; `samarTali vaxtang mee qvsisa~ i. doliZis gamocema, Tb. 1981;`qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi~, i. doliZis gamoc. t. I-VIII, Tb. 1963-74; `berZnuli samarTalivaxtang VI-is samarTlis wignTa krebulidan~, T . bregvaZis gamocema, Tb. 1964; `samarTali somxuri,qarTuli versia, Sesrulebuli vaxtang VI-is brZan ebiT~ gamosca l. meliqseTbegma; `qarTuliZeglebi, kanonmdebloba~, #2, t. tf. 1927. agreTve “Çàêîíû Âàõòàíãà VI”. èçä. Ä.Ë. Ïóðöåëàäçå, ÒÁ,1980; Ñáîðíèê çàêîíîâ ãðóçèíñêîãî öàðÿ Âàõòàíãà VI, èçä. À.Ñ. Ôðåíêåëÿ, ïîä. ðåä. Ä.Ç. Áàêðàäçå,ÒÔË. 1887; Karzt J., Gode du roi Vakhtang VI, Strasbourg, 1934-37. g. kekelia, bagratis samarTali,1984; 227 Ì.Ý. Ïîñíîâ, Èñòîðèÿ Õðèñòèàíñêîé Öåðêâè, Áðþññåëü, 1964; À. Êàðòàøåâ, Âñåëåíñêèå ñîáîðû,Ïàðèæ, 1963; Ôèëàðåò, Ìèòðîïîëèò, Ïðîñòðàííûé Õðèñòèàíñêèé Êàòåõèçèñ, Âàðøàâà, 1931; ÊîðêóíîâÍ.Ì. Ëåêöèè ïî îáùåé òåîðèè ïðàâà, ÑÏÁ, 1908; Òðóáåöêîé Å.Í. Ëåêöèè ïî ýíöèêëîïåäèè ïðàâà, Ì.1913; Äèãåñòè Þñòèíèàíà, Ì. 1984; Ñóâîðîâ Í. Ó÷åáíèê öåðêîâíîãî ïðàâà, Ì. 1913; Íèêîäèì, ÅïèñêîïÄàëìàòèíñêèé, Ïðàâîñëàâíîå öåðêîâíîå ïðàâî, ÑÏÁ, 1897; Ìàòôåé Âëàñòàðü, Àëôàâèòíàÿ ñèíòàãìà,Ñèìôåðîïîëü, 1901; Migne, Patrologia Greaca (mravaltomeuli); Migne, Patrologia Latina (mravaltomeuli);Ïåòð (Ëþëüå), Åïèñêîï Íüþ-èîðñêèé, Äèñöèïëèíàðíûå òðóäû ïåðâûõ ÷åòûðåõ Âñåëåíñêèõ ñîáîðîâ,1980; Êàçàíñêèé Ïåòð, Èñòîðèÿ Ïðàâîñëàâíîãî ìîíàøåñòâà íà âîñòîêå, ÷.1.1954; Ãèäóëÿíîâ Ï.Â.Âîñòî÷íûå ïàòðèàðõè â ïåðèîä ÷åòûðåõ âñåëåíñêèõ ñîáîðîâ, ßðîñëàâëü, 1908; Áåðäíèêîâ È.Ñ. Êðàòêèéêóðñ Öåðêîâíîãî ïðàâà, Êàçàíü, 1888; Ïàâëîâ È.Ñ. Êóðñ öåðêîâíîãî ïðàâà, Ñâ. Òðîèöå Ñåðãååâà Ëàâðà,1902; Ïàâëîâ À.Ñ. Íîìîêàíîí ïðè áîëüøîì Òðåáíèêå; Maxime des Sardes, Metropolite, Le Patriarcatoecumenique dans L’Eglise orthodoxe, Paris, 1975; Çàîçåðñêèé Í. Î öåðêîâíîé âëàñòè, Ñåðãååâ Ïîñàä,1894; Ïðàâèëà Ñâÿòûõ Àïîñòîë, Ñâÿòûõ Ñîáîðîâ Âñåëåíñêèõ è Ïîìåñòíûõ Îòöîâ ñ òîëüêîâàíÿìè, Ì.1912; Ñîêîëîâ, Èç ëåêöèè ïî öåðêîâíîìó ïðàâó; À. Ëåáåäåâ, Âñåëåíñêèå ñîáîðû, ò. III. 1896; IV 1904;Ôèëàðåò, Àðõèåïèñêîï, Ïðàâîñëàâíîå äîãìàòè÷åñêîå áîãîñëîâèå, 1882; Áîëîòîâ Â.Â. Èç èñòîðèè öåðêâèÑèðî-Ïåðñèäñêîé ((Õðèñò.÷ò.) 1899, 1900); Òðîèöêèé È.Å. Èçëîæåíèå âåðû Öåðêâè àðìÿíñêîé, Ñ.Ï.Á.1875; Ñàáèíèí Ì, Èñòîðèÿ Ãðóçèíñêîé Öåðêâè äî VI âåêà, ÑÏÁ, 1877; Äæàâàõîâ, Ïðîïîâåäíè÷åñêàÿäåÿòåëüíîñòü Àï. Àíäðåÿ è ñâ. Íèíè â Ãðóçèè; 1901, Ìàðð Í.ß. Èñòîðèÿ Ãðóçèè, ÑÏÁ, 1906.
Tb., 1994). ucxoel avtorebs - maqsime kovalskis (Pfrjy b j,bxfq yf Rfdrfpf^ 1886),
v. sokolskis, vl. beneSeviCs (D& Cjrjkcrbb (Uhtrj-hbvcrjt ghfdj d ekj;tybb uhepby-
crjuj wfhz Df[nfyuf VI (:ehy& vby& yfh& ghjcd& 1897^ IX^ c & 56^ 93) $ Dk& <tytitdbx^
(Uhepbycrbq Dtkbrbq Yjvjrfyjy gj cgbcrfv N,bkbccrjuj wthrjdyjuj veptz ({hbcnbfycr&
Dtcnybr^ I^ II^ c& 350^ 351) da sxv.
CvenTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovnad miviCnieT saeklesio samarTlis sferoSi
CvenTvis xelmisawvdomi bolo naSromi rusuli samarTlis istoriisa, esaa D&F&
Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ V&^ 1994& am Sromas a. kartaSevisa da m. posnovis
zemoaRniSnul SromebTan erTad, kritikulad viyenebT Cveni naSromis pirveli
nawilis Sesaval TavSi.226 saeklesio samarTali kargadaa Seswavlili rusi saeklesiosamarTalmcodneebis mier.227
57saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
`saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebSi~ Sevida 15 sakanonmdeblo da 21 mimdinarekreba (IV-XVIII ss.), am krebaTagan zogierTma gamosca sakanonmdeblo samarTlebriviaqti, romelTac epoqaTa Sesabamisad ewodebaT `Zegliswera~, `Zeglis dadeba~,`samarTali~, `mcnebaY sasjuloY~, `kanonni~, `xeliTwerili~, `dawerili~, `ganCine-ba~, `sigeli~, `moxseneba~, `sakanonos wigni~ da sxv. saeklesio krebebis miergamocemuli samarTlis Zeglebi Tan erTvis naSromis Sesabamis paragrafs.
1. ruis-urbnisis krebis teqsti daibeWda i. doliZis `qarTuli samarTlisZeglebi~ III tomidan. i. doliZe, rogorc cnobilia, iyo qarTuli saeklesiosamarTlis wyaroebis udidesi mcodne XX s-Si. mas ruis-urbnisis krebis teqstidabeWdili aqvs ori uZvelesi nusxis A-76 da Rt, VI, N5 (III)-is mixedviT. yofili`saeklesio muzeumis xelnawerTa fondis~ (A), amJamad ki xelnawerTa institutisfondSi daculi A-76 warmoadgens krebuls, dawerilia qaRaldze XII s-is nusxiT.masSi ruis-urbnisis krebis Zeglisweras 238-248 gverdebi uWiravs.
amave A-76 nusxas iyenebs e. gabiZaSvili `didi sjulis-kanonis~ 1975 wliskritikulad dadgenil teqstSi. qarTuli kanonikuri samarTlis aRniSnulimniSvnelovani Zegli (`Zegliswera~) gamocemuli i. doliZisa da e. gabiZaSvilismier Cvens mier Sepirispirebulia erTmaneTTan, amis gamo teqstSi muxlebi davyaviTe. gabiZaSvilis dayofis mixedviT.
2. `Zeglis dadebis~ teqsti (mefe giorgi brwyinvalis droindeli Zegli)ibeWdeba i. doliZis gamocemis228 mixedviT, romelsac safuZvlad udevs xelnaweriS3683. teqsti Sepirispirebulia e. TayaiSvilis mier aRmoCenil XVII s-isxelnawerTan (H3094).
3. beqas da aRbuRas samarTali, bagrat kurapalatis, e.w. `kanonikurisamarTlis~ muxlebi, `samarTali kaTalikozTa~, `vaxtangis samarTlis~ muxlebiibeWdeba i. doliZis gamocemis mixedviT,228 romelic eyrdnoba TviT vaxtang VI-is mier naredaqtirev xelnawers (S3683).
4. ̀ mcnebaY sasjuloY~ ibeWdeba i. doliZis229 mixedviT. eyrdnoba or xelnawers:cssa f. 1448, sab. #5020, dedani da xelnawerTa institutis Sd 2920 piri.
5. `ganCineba saeklesio krebisa samonastro wesis da rigis Taobaze~ ibeWdebai. doliZis229 mixedviT. eyrdnoba xelnawerTa institutis Ad340.
6. `kanoni~ 1748 w. krebisa, ibeWdeba i. doliZis229 mixedviT. eyrdnobaxelnawerTa institutis Q412 krebuls. sabuTs krebulis 1-8 gverdebi uWiravs.krebuli gadawerilia 1755 w.
7. `xelwerili~ imereTis 1759 w. krebisa. ibeWdeba T. Jordanias qronikebis IIItomidan (1967 w.).
8. dadgenileba saeklesio krebisa (1762 w.) ibeWdeba i. doliZis229 mixedviT.eyrdnoba xelnawerTa institutis Ad856; `mcneba mRudelTaTvis~ i. doliZisqsZ t. III. xelnawerTa institutis A317 krebuls; maqsime kaTalikosismcnebani~, cssa f. 1448.
saeklesio samarTlis werilobiTi wyaroebis Sesaxeb
228 `qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi~, t I, 1963; 229 `qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebis~, t. III, 1970.
58 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
9. sigeli bagrat mefisa opizar mijnaZorel mamebisadmi (quTaisis saeklesiokreba 1058) ibeWdeba `qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis korpusi~-s230 mixedviT.eyrdnoba xelnawerTa institutis Sd1201 etrats.
10 ̀ saqarTvelos eklesiis Seuvalobis ganaxlebis sigeli giorgi III-sa~ (TbilisisI saeklesio kreba, 1178) ibeWdeba i. doliZis qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebis~ (t.II, 1965) mixedviT, esaa xelnawerTa institutis Ad15 dedani, etrati pirveladgamosca T. Jordaniam (qronikebi I).
11. dawerili etifane kaTalikosisa `anel xucesTa sargos ganwesebis Sesaxeb~(anisis Sekreba, 1218), ibeWdeba i. doliZis `qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebis~ (t. III,1970) mixedviT. teqsti gadmobeWdilia n. maris gamocemidan Bpdtcnbz Bvgthfnjh-crjq Frfltvbb Yfer^ 1910^ c& 1473-1439&
12. ganCineba saeklesio krebisa `SiomRvimis Seuvalobis Sesaxeb~ (SiomRvimissaeklesio kreba XIII s-is 40-iani wlebi), ibeWdeba i. doliZis229 mixedviT.xelnaweri dakargulia, gamoqveynebulia T. Jordanias mier (SiomRvimis sabuTebi, gv.50-52).
13. moxseneba saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisa mefisadmi (mcxeTis saeklesio kreba1263). ibeWdeba qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis korpusi I (IX-XIII ss) mixedviT,romelic eyrdnoba saqarTvelos centraluri saistorio arqivis (cssa 1448-6501)xelnawers.
14. samTavisis samwysos sakanonos wigni grigol samTavnelisadmi (samTavisissaeklesio kreba, 1459), ibeWdeba i. doliZis `qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi~ (t. III.1970), eyrdoba xelnawerTa institutis Ad559 da Ad604 xelnawerebs. daTariRebu-lia i. doliZis mier.
15. `debulebebi~ gadmoRebulia Semowmebuli egzempliarebidan _
a) `debulebani, miRebuli saqarTvelos 1917 wlis saeklesio krebaze~, tfilisi,stamba `cxovreba~, gabaanT Sesaxvevi, N4, 1917 w;
b) `saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba~, 1920;
g) `debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis~, tfilisi, 1928;
d) `debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis~, 1945 w. (amegzempliarSi orTografiuli Secdomebi gasworebulia k.p. kalistrates mier);
e) `saqarTvelos avtokefaluri, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisdebuleba~, mcxeTa, sveticxoveli, 1995.
230 qarT. ist. sab. korpusi, Seadgines da gamosacemad moamzades T. e nuqiZ em, v. silagavam, n.SoSiaSvilma, Tb. 1984, gv . 32
59saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi
n a w i l i p i r v e l i
60 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
61saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis
wyaroebi mTlianad aris gamomavali msof-
lio e kle si is sam arTlis s aer To
wyarodan, amitomac zogadad SevexebiT
maT. movitanT vrcel amonaridebs uka-
nasknel dros gamocemuli qarTuli da
rusuli saeklesio literaturidan. sa-
marTlis wyaroebs yofen or mTavar jg-
ufad: pirvelSi igulisxmeba pirebi da
institutebi, romelTac Seqmnes samarT-
lis normebi, meore ki warmoadgens do-
kumentebsa da Zeglebs, romlebSic gad-
mocemulia aRniSnuli normebi.
axali aRTqmis, anu qristianuli ek-
lesiis samarTali efuZneba eklesiis mow-
yobis da saeklesio wesrigis SenarCunebis
Sesaxeb wmida werilSi gadmocemul ieso
qristes swavlebas.
qristes mcnebebi warmoadgens eklesi-
is swavlebisa da cxovrebis qvakuTxeds.
ufalma daadgina saeklesio naTlobis
saidumlo (mT. 28, 19), evqaristiis sai-
dumlo (luka 22, 19), sinanulis said-
umlo da mociqulTa mier codvaTa axs-
nis ufleba (mT. 18, 18), macxovarma mi-
aniWa samRvdeloebas ufleba ecxovra sam-
wysos xarjiT (luka 10, 7). qristem
daawesa swavleba qorwinebis Sesaxeb (mT.
19, 5-6,9), mianiWa ufleba eklesias mo-
samarTleobisa Semcode Zmebis mimarT (mT.
18, 15-17), dagvitova mcneba saxelmwifo
xelisuflebasTan Cveni damokidebuleb-
is Sesaxeb (mT. 22, 21).
qristes mcnebaTa garda, saeklesio
samarTlis wyaroa agreTve mociqulTa
nawerebi, gadmocemulni wmida werilSi
(mociqulTagan ki miiRes eklesiis mameb-
ma): episkoposTa da diakonTa Sesaxeb
samarTlebrivi mcnebebi da dadgenilebe-
bi (I tim. 3, 1-13), wesi Tu rogori
saxis unda iyos samRvdeloeba (tites
mimarT epistole, agreTve I tim. 3, 2-
7). morwmuneTa valdebuleba daemorCilon
mwyemss (ebr. 13, 17). saeklesio Temis
valdebuleba mwyemsis arCevisa (I kor.
9, 13-14). swavleba qorwinebis Sesaxeb
Tavi pirveli
msoflio saeklesio kanonebi, krebulebi da ganmartebani
62 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
(kolas. 3, 18-21; I petr 3, 1-2; I kor.
7, 10-13; I kor. 7, 40). zeTis cxebis
Sesaxeb (iak. 5, 14-15), SemcodeTa mima-
rT mopyrobis Sesaxeb (II efes. 3, 6),
mociqulTa mier mocemulia wesi sasuli-
ero piris mimarT saCivris miRebisa (I
tim. 5, 19), saxelmwifo xelisufle-
basTan urTierTobis Sesaxeb (rom. 13, 1-
7), sxva sarwmunoebis pirTan damokide-
bulebis Sesaxeb (I kor. 5, 9-10, 12-13).
pirvelwyaros saeklesio samarTlisa
warmoadgens saRvTo mcnebebi. isini war-
moadgens saZirkvels saeklesio mowyo-
bisa da saxelmZRvanelos eklesiisaTvis.
maTi daxmarebiT aRasrulebs eklesia
Tavis misias _ xsn isa. es mcn ebebi,
rogorc iTqva, mocemulia wmida weril-
Si. eklesias dadgenili aqvs Zveli da
axali aRTqmis wmida wignebis nusxa.
qristianebisaTvis savaldebuloa moses
mier mocemuli RvTis aTi mcneba. sruli
Zala SeinarCuna, agreTve, sisxlis-aR-
reviTi qorwinebis ZvelaRTqmiseulma
akrZalvam. rogorc aRiniSna, eklesii-
saTv is sayov elTaod sav aldebuloa
qristes mcnebaTa dacva, axali aRTqma
saeklesio samarTlis umTavresi wyaroa,
eklesiis wmida mamebma, romelTa goneba
ganaTlebuli iyo suli wmidis madliT,
mogvces wmida werilis anu RvTis si-
tyvis ganmarteba. amitomac mamaTa swav-
leba _ eklesiis swavlebaa. uflis mier
uwyebuli saRmrTo da wmida werili unda
ganimartos ara ne bismierad, aramed
rogorc ganmarta igi wmida eklesiam da
icavs Tavis mier gamocemuli kanonebiT.
saeklesio samarTali, romlis mixedvi-
Tac aris mowyobili saeklesio cxovre-
ba, warmoadgens kanonebis sistematur gad-
mocemas. kanoni _ saeklesio cxovrebis
wesia, disciplinaruli dadgenilebebi mo-
ciqulebisa, krebebisa da wmida mamebisa.
saeklesio samarTlis Cvenamde moRweu-
li uZvelesi wyaroa `swavleba 12 mo-
ciqulisa (`didaqe~). ekuTvnis I da II ss-
Ta mijnas. masSi ar moixseniebian mRvdle-
bi (presviterebi), saubaria mxolod episko-
posebsa da diakvnebze, mogzaur mociqule-
bze, winaswarmetyvelebsa da maswavleble-
bze . amJamad, kopturi da eTiopuri ek-
lesiebis samarTalSi gamoiyeneba III s-is
egvipteSi Sedgenili krebuli `wmida mo-
ciqulebis saeklesio kanonebi~. III s-Sive
gamoCnda `didaskalia~ (mociqulTa dari-
geb a) , sxvaa `mociqulTa dadge nileb a~ ,
romelic gamoCnda III s-is dasasrulsa da
IV s-is dasawyisSi, romelsac, amJamad,
eklesiaSi ar aqvs iuridiuli Zala, samag-
ierod, amJamad, marTlmadidebeli eklesi-
is kanonikuri kodeqsi, miRebuli mociqul-
Ta mier ierusalimis 45 wlis krebaze,
gamoCnda IV s-Si. esaa `mociqulTa kanon-
ebi~, is ZvelTaganve miCneulia mociqul-
Ta gadmocemis nawilad. marTlmadidebeli
eklesiis kanonikur kodeqsSi Sevida sami
wmida mamis - wm . dionises, wm . petre
aleqsandrielisa da grigol neokesariel
saswaulmoqmedis kanonebi.
nikeamdel epoqaSi qristianuli Teme-
bi episkoposTa mier imarTebodnen wmida
werilSi gadmocemuli da mociqulTa mier
dadgenili normebiT. eklesiis erToba mi-
iRweoda saeklesio Temebs Soris cocxa-
li urTierTobiT. sarwmunoebrivi erTo-
bis miuxedavad, zogierT Tems hqonda Tavi-
si saRvTismsaxuro gansxvavebuloba da gan-
sakuTrebuli samarTlis normebi. gauge-
brobisa da sadavo sakiTxebis aRmosafx-
vrelad saeklesio Temebis warmomadgen-
lebi iwvevdnen saeklesio krebebs. miRe-
buli krebis gansazRvrebebs mrgvlivmo-
savleli epistoles saxiT ugzavnidnen
im eklesiasac, romelTa warmomadgenlebic
am krebaSi ar monawileobdnen . epistolee-
bi exeboda, ZiriTadad, saeklesio-sakanon-
mdeblo sakiTxebs. zogierTi kanonikuri
epistole iRebda savaldebulo iuridi-
ul saxes da iqceoda saerTo saeklesio
samarTlis wyarod.
63saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
msoflio saeklesio krebebi da maTi kanonebi
I msoflio saeklesio kreba mowveuliqna q. nikeaSi, 325 wels, romis impera-
toris - konstantine I didis (306-337)
sagangebo brZanebiT da am krebasTan dakav-
Sirebuli yvela xarjic Tavad imperator-
ma gaiRo. `krebis ZiriTadi mizani iyo ofi-
cialuri dadgenilebis gamotana, qristiano-
bis, rogorc saxelmwifoebrivad aRiare-
buli sarwmunoebis Sesaxeb, romelic Tavisi
arse bo b is p irv eli xan eb idan IV s-is
dasawyisSic ki mkacrad idevneboda da,
amasTan, ganxilva im umTavresi dogmatikur-
kanonikuri da ierarqiul-administraciu-
li sakiTxebisa, romlebic im xanebSi er-
Tob mwvaved ismoda da romelTa mogvare-
ba-mowesrigeba niSnavda qristianobis ukve,
rogorc saxelmwifo religiis Zlierebasa
da mis Semdgom ganviTarebas mTel saqris-
tiano m soflioSi . kre bas eswr ebodnen
rogorc romis imperiaSi Semaval qris-
tianul organizaciaTa warmomadgenlebi
(ZiriTadad, episkoposebi), aseve mis far-
glebs gareT arsebul, sxva saxelmwifoTa
qristianul organizaciaTa warmomadgen-
lebic. krebaze monawileoba miiRo 300-mde
episkoposma da dabali xarisxis warmomad-
genelma. krebas eswreboda sul 318 mama.
kreba, romelic evstaTi antioqielis
TavmjdomareobiT grZeldeboda or-naxevar
Tves, 19 ivnisidan 25 agvistomde, mim-
dinareobda eklesiis sasaxlis erT-erT
palataSi. krebaze nebadarTuli iyo saero
pirebis daswrebac da darbazSi zogjer
2000-mde kaci iyrida Tavs. darbazis ir-
gvliv idga savarZlebi episkoposebisaTvis,
xolo SuaSi ki magidaze esvena saRmrTo
werili (biblia). imperatori konstantine
T av ad e swr e boda xolm e sxdo m eb s da
zogjer maT sityviTac xsnida.
krebis ganxilvis erT-erT umTavres
sakiTxs warmoadgenda ariozis mwvalebluri
azris uaryofa - ieso qristes araRv-
Taebriobis Sesaxeb. ariozi daJinebiT icav-
da Tavis crumoZRvrebas da, ambobda, rom
- iyo dro, roca Ze RvTisa ar imyofeboda
(e.i. `ar iyo Sobili uwinares yovelTa
saukuneTa~) da igi aris qmnilebao (amitom
aris mrwamsSi mimatebuli sityvebi `So-
bili da ara qmnili~) . ariozis moZRvrebas
m x ar s uW erda zo gierT i e p isko p o si ,
rogorebic iyvnen : evse vi nikodimieli,
Teognosti nikieli da marisi qalkedone-
li. saj aro p ae qrob aSi dasaxelebuli
mwvaleblebi damarcxdnen. maTi moZRvreb-
is uaryofaSi didi roli iTamaSes wm. ni-
koloz mironlukiis mTavarepiskoposma, wm.
spiridon trimifuntelma, aleqsandrieli
episkoposis diakvanma wm. aTanasem da sx-
vebma. krebam erTxmad daadgina mwvalebel
ariozis da mis TanamoazreTa eklesiidan
gankveTa, romlebmac TavianTi Secdomebi
ar moinanies. krebaze SemuSavda sarwmu-
noebis simbolos (kredos) , anu rogorc
qarTulad ewodeba - mrwamsis (warmoebu-
li - mrwamsis pirveli sityvidan `mr-
wams~ ) teqsti (sarwmunoebis simbolos
teqsti Seivso, dazustda da misi saboloo
redaqcia miRebul da damtkicebul iqna
konstantinopolis II msoflio krebaze).228
nikeis krebam dRis wesrigSi daayena aseve
aRdgomis dResaswaulis sakiTxic da dadgin-
da, rom igi unda idResaswaulebodes erT-
droulad yvela eklesiaSi, e.i. gazafxulis
mTvaris Sevsebis Semdeg pirvelsave kviras.229
krebaze damswre episkoposTa erT naw-
ils surda daekanonebina mRvdlebisa da di-
akvnebis uqorwinebloba, magram am wamoy-
enebuli winadadebis winaaRmdeg mkacrad
gailaSqra episkoposma pafnutim da krebas
miuTiTa, rom `vaiTu gadametebuli simkac-
riT ziani mivayenoT eklesiaso~ , krebam,
bWobis Semdeg, mRvdlebisa da diakvnebis
dauqorwineblobis Sesaxeb wamoyenebuli azri
uaryo da gaiziara pafnutis Sexeduleba.
228 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1974 , gv. 130.
64 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
krebam, aseve daamtkica ama Tu im ek-
lesiis mTavar warmomadgenelTa ierarqiu-li da administraciuli normebi, urTierT-Soris pativisa da uflebrivi mdgomareobisSesaxeb. krebam gamosca sul 20 kanoni~.
krebis dadgenilebis 20-ve muxli kre-
bis monawile episkoposebis mier maT epar-qiebSi, - Tav-TavianTi qveynebis mixedviT,- ecnoba yvela eklesias.229
II msoflio saeklesio kreba mowveuliqna konstantinopolSi, 381 wlis maisSi
imper ator Teodoris brZ anebiT . kreba,romelsac eswreboda 150 episkoposi, gaix-sna wmida meleti antioqielis Tavmjdomar-eobiT, romlis gardacvalebis Semdeg kre-bis Tavmjdom ar eo ba dae vala grigoli
RvTismetyvels da bolos konstantino-polel episkopos neqtarioss. krebam ganix-ila makedonis da mis TanamoazreTa mwvale-bluri swavleba, romelic uaryofda suliwmidis RvTaebriobas.
s arwmu no e b is si m bolos, gr igoliRvTismetyvelis miTiTebiT, wmida mamebmadaamates zogierTi gamoTqma Ze RvTisaze,moZRvreba wmida sulze (`da suli wmida
ufali da cxovelsmyofeli~.. .) , eklesiiserTianobaze (`erTi wmida kaTolike~ ...) ,naTlobis saidumloze (`aRviareb erTsanaTlisRebasa.. .~) da mkvdreTiT aRdgomaze(`moveli aRdgomasa~ ...).
krebam , romelmac SeimuSava da daamt-kica 7 kanoni, makedoni da misi Tanamo-azreni ganiota, e .i. gankveTa.
amave wlis 3 seqtembers, akvileiSiambros mediolanelis TavmjdomareobiT mim-
dinareobda sami mitropolitis (milanis,akvileis da sirmiis episkoposTa) kreba, -ariozelTa moZRvrebis dasagmobad. krebamdaadastura nikeis krebis dadgenilebanida gansakuTrebiT gausva xazi Ze RmerTis
maradiulobis, misi RvTaebrivi bunebis da
mama RmerTTan Tanatolobis moZRvrebas.229
II msoflio krebam gamosca epistole,
romelic Semdeg dayves 7 kanonad. me-3
kanons romis eklesia uaryofs, radgan am
me-3 kanonSi amaRlebulia konstantinop-
olis episkoposis Rirseba romis episko-posis darad: `radgan konstantinopoli
axali romia~ , e.i. mefis qalaqia (II ms.
krebis me-3 kanoni) .
cnobilia, rom romSi kaTedrebis Rirse-
bas akavSirebdnen ara qalaqebis politikur
mniSvnelobasTan, aramed maTi Temis samo-ciqulo warmoSobasTan, amitomac diptiq-
Si pirvel adgilz e ayen ebdne n romis,
aleqsandr iis da antioqiis e klesieb s,
romelnic mociqul petres da misi mowafis
markozis mier iyvnen dafuZnebulni. ro-
maeli episkoposebi ramdenime aswleulismanZilze jiutad ewinaaRmdegebodnen kon-
stantinopolis kaTedris amaRlebas~.230
III msoflio saeklesio kreba Sedgaq. efesoSi, 431 wels, imperator Teodo-
si mciris (408-450) mowveviT. krebas es-
wreboda 200 episkoposi. 7 ivnisisaTvisdaniSnuli kreba, damabrkolebeli mize-
zebisa gamo, gaixsna 22 ivniss, yovladw-
mida RvTismSoblis taZarSi, romlis Sua,
amaRlebul adgilas esvena wmida saxare-
b a . k r e b a s T av m jdo m ar eo bd a k ir ile
aleqsandrieli; krebis ganxilvis sagans
Seadgenda konstantinopolis mTavarepisko-posis - n estoris mwv alebluri azris
uaryofa, romelic amtkicebda, rom mari-
amma dabada kaci, romelsac mere SeuerT-
da madliT sityva RvTisa, ase rom, mari-
ami ar iyo RvTis mSobelio. nestori,
miuxedavad oTxgzis miwvevisa, krebaze argamocxadebula. mas mxars uWerdnen zogi-
erTi episkoposi da mefis uwarCinebule-
si pirebi (didebulebi). krebaze sajarod
iqna wakiTxuli sarwmunoebis simbolo da
m isi Z veli, nineuri varianti . kr e bam
229 `saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1978, gv. 174-176; ix. agreTve: Ghfdbkf Cdzns[ Fgjcnjkjd^Cdzns[ Cj,jhjd Dctktycrb[ b Gjvtcnys[ b Cdzns[ Jnwjd c njkmrjdfytvb$ 2 & V& 1912^ c& 5^ saqarTveloseklesiis kalendari, 1974, gv. 131; `mociqulTa, msoflio da adgilobrivi saeklesio krebebisa dawmida mamaTa kanonTa komentarebi~, saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, 1987, #1, gv . 43; dogmatur-istoriulisakiTxebi: a) msoflio saeklesio krebebis mokle kursi Sedgenili a. lebedevis “Âñåëåíñêèåñîáîðû”, ò. III , 1896, ò. IV, 1904-is mixedviT; b) dogmaturi RvTismetyvelebis mokle kursi Sedgeniliarqiepiskopos filaretis “Ïðàâîñëàâíèå äîãìàòè÷åñêîå áîãîñëîâèå” 1882-is mixedviT g. ruxaZismier, Tb. 1994; 230 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1974 , gv. 132.
65saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
moismina kirile aleqsandrielis kamaTi
nestoris winaaRmdeg da am ukanasknelis
Txzuleba. krebam erTsulovnad scno wm.
kiriles mier moyvanili argumentebis SeT-
anxmebuloba nikeis (325 w.) krebis aR-
sareb asT an, xolo ne storis axsna -gan-
martebani ki crumoZRvrebad.
krebis mo nawile wmida mam aTa mier
krebam damatebiT moismina saRmrTo wer-
ilidan damowmebuli adgilebi RvTis si-
tyvis (logosis) ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb,
- eretikosebi damxobilad gamoacxades.
krebam Tavisi dadgenileba, meore dResve
(23 ivniss) ganucxada nestors da weri-
lobiT acnoba imperators.
krebaze, sxva sakiTxTan erTad gairCa
kviproseli episkoposis - reginis saCi-
vari - ioane antioqiel episkoposze; es
ukanaskneli cdilobda kviprosis kunZu-
lis Tavisadmi daqvemdebarebas, miuxeda-
vad imisa, rom kviprosis eklesias mo-
ciqulTa droidan marTavda damoukidebe-
li episkoposi, romelic kunZulis episko-
posTa mier iyo arCeuli, rasac, rogorc
kanonikur aqts, ganamtkicebda nikeis kre-
bis is dadgenilebac, romlis mixedviT
yvela eklesias (farTo cnebiT) Senar-
Cunebuli hqonda sakuTari upiratesoba
marTva-gamgeobis mxriv.
sagulisxmoa, rom 8 ivniss, romlis
wina dResac efesos krebis gaxsna iyo na-
varaudevi, zemoxsenebuli ioane antioqie-
li, SeTanxmda episkoposTa erT nawilTan
da erToba ganucxada nestors. maT calke
moiwvies kreba, razedac kirile aleqsan-
drieli eretikosad, xolo misi kreba ki
ukanonod gamoacxades. moxda is, rom am
orive krebis dadgenilebebi imperators
erTdroulad miuvida fostiT. imperatorma
Tavdapirvelad ganizraxa nestorisa da
kiriles patimrobaSi ayvana, magram male
gaecno saqmis namdvil viTarebas da wm .
kiriles T avmjdomareo biT C atare buli
msoflio krebis yvela dadgenileba daamt-
kica (seqtemberSi), xolo nestori antio-
qiis maxloblad mdebare erT-erT monas-
terSi Caamwyvdia. efesos krebam gamosca 8
kanoni da 1 epistole pamfiliis krebi-
sadmi (mcire aziaSi iyo), romelic me-9
kanonad iwodeba~ .231
IV msofl io sa ekles io krebamowveul iqna q. qalkidonSi, 451 wels.
kreba, romelsac Tavmjdomareobda konstan-
tinopoleli anatoli, - gaixsna 8 oq-
tombers da dasrulda 1 noembers. krebaze
monawileobas iRebda saqristiano msof-
lios 630 episkoposi.
kreb is gan xilvis umTavr es sakiTxs
Seadgenda konstantinopoleli arqimandri-
tis - evtiqis mwvalebluri swavlebis
uaryof a. evtiqi amtkicebda, ro m ieso
qristeSi iyo mxolod erTi RvTaebrivi
buneba da erTi nebisyofa. kacis buneba da
kacis nebisyofa ki CanTqmuli iyo RvTae-
brivi bunebisa da nebisyofis miero. am
swavlas ewodeba monofizitoba (berZ.) , anu
erTbunebianoba. krebaze wakiTxul iqna pap
levis werili, romelSic gadmocemulia
dogmati, rom `ieso qriste aris WeSmari-
ti RmerTi da WeSmariti kaci, Cveni msgav-
si, codvis gareSe; ganxorcielebisas mas
aqvs erTi piri da ori buneba, SeerTebu-
li masSi erTpirad, Seurevnelad da ganuy-
ofelad~. IV msoflio krebam `romelsac
Zegl marTlmadideblobisa~ ewoda, ganaCina,
aRiaros qristeSi SeerTeba or bunebaTa:
ganuyoflad, ganuyrelad, Seurevnelad da
uqcevelad. 1) ganuyoflad - e.i. ori buneba
SeerTebuli qristeSi, ar Seadgens calke
arsebul pirovnebas, aramed orive buneba
SeerTebulia erTgvamovnad. 2) ganuyrelad
- e.i. SeerTeba ori bunebisa, dawyebuli
RvTis sityvis ganxorcielebis pirvel wa-
midanve , gagrZelda da grZeldeba maradis.
kacoba iesoSi arasodes ar yofila gan-
sakuTrebul pirovnebad, aramed miRebul
iyo misi RvTaebriobis pirovnebis erTo-
baSi erT gvamovnebad. 3) Seurevnelad -
e.i. ori buneba ieso qristeSi ar Sereu-
la erTmaneTSi ise, rom maTgan Semdgariyo
mesame buneba, aramed orive buneba imyofe-
ba masSi, rogorc ori sxvadasxvagvari buneba.
231 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1978, gv. 177-178; saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1974, gv. 132.
66 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
4) uqcevelad - e.i. RvTis Zisagan kacuri
bunebis miRebiT ar Secvlila arc RvTae-
brivi da arc kacuri buneba, arc RvTae-
brivi buneba qceula kacurad, arc kacuri
RvTaebrivad. TiToeuli buneba, SeerTebis
Semdegac, darCa ucvalebelad da mTelad.
krebam evtiqi da misi Tanamoazreni
(monofizitebi) ganiota, e.i. gankveTa, qris-
tianul msoflioSi maT swavlas misdevs
somexTa eklesia.
krebam gamosca sul 30 kanoni.231
V m s ofl io sa e kl e si o k reb amowveul iqna iustiniane I-is (527-565)
brZanebiT, konstantinopolSi 553 wels.
krebam muSaoba daiwyo 4 maiss da daamTavra
2 ivniss. misi pirveli sxdoma Sedga pa-
triarqis sasaxlis erT-erT darbazSi, wm.
sofiis maxloblad. Tavmjdomareobda pa-
triarqi evtiqi. krebas eswreboda sul
165 mama. imperators surda Seerigebina
monofizitebi (e.i. erTbunebianebi) da di-
ofizitebi (e .i. orbunebianebi) , anu mar-
Tlmadideblebi. monofizitebi Serigebis
pirobad sakiTxs ayenebdnen sam sasulie-
ro pirze, romlebic IV krebaze iqnen gasa-
marTlebulni. eseni iyvnen: Teodore mof-
sueteli, iva edeseli da Teodorite kvire-
li. krebaze sazeimod iqna damtkicebuli
ra qalkidonis krebis yvela dadgenileba,
mimdinare krebis me-5 da me-8 sxdomebze,
daamxes zemoxsenebuli monofizitebi da
m aT i T xzuleb an i , ro mle b iT ac isin i
nestoris crumoZRvrebas esarClebodnen .
amasTan erTad krebam daamtkica wina msof-
lio krebaTa dadgenilebanic.232
VI msofl io sa ekles io krebamowveul iqna imperator konstantine po-
Ronatis (668-685) brZanebiT 680 wels,
qalaq konstantinopolSi. krebas eswre-
boda 168 mama. krebis mizani iyo mwvalebel
m o n o T el it e b i s da m x o b a , r o m l e b i c
monofizitebis Semdeg gaCndnen da saxelm-
wifoSi religiur ganxeTqilebas qmnidnen.
isini amtkicebdnen, rom ieso qristeSi
iyo erTi, RvTaebrivi nebisyofa.
`aman wmidaman krebaman sarwmunoebiT
da mowled Seiwynara ebistole wmidisa
da netarisa agaTon hromTa papisaY, mow-
erili RvTismsaxurisa mefisa.. . konstan-
tinesa, romelsa Sina weril ars saxeldeb-
iT gankueTaY da ganyraY yovelTaY, romelTa
qadages erTi nebaY da erTi saqme gankace-
bisa gangebulebasa Sina qristes RmrTisa
Cuenisasa egreTve saxed~ (mcire sjulis-
kanonidan).232
trulis krebis kanonebi. V da VI
msoflio krebebze ganixileboda mxolod
dogmaturi sakiTxebi da disciplinaruli
kanonebi mas ar gamoucia, magram VI msof-
lio krebidan 10 wlis Semdeg, 691 wlis
1 seqtembers imperator iustiniane II-is
mowveviT sasaxlis trulis (`gumbaTis~)
palataSi Seikriba 227 mama konstantinop-
olis, aleqsandriis, antioqiis, ierusal-
imis patriarqebisa da romis papis legate-
bis TavmjdomareobiT. krebis sxdomebi gagr-
Zelda zustad 1 weli, 692 wlis 31 agvis-
tomde da Tavisi moRvaweoba gamoamzeura
saeklesio-disciplinaruli kanonebiT.
am V-VI-ed wodebuli krebis 102 kan-
ons marTlmadideblur eklesiaSi aqvs msof-
lio krebaTa kanonebis avtoriteti.232
VII msoflio saeklesio kreba Sedga787 wels, q. nikeaSi. gagrZelda 1 weli-
wadi. krebas eswreboda sul 367 episko-
po si . qr istian eT a ukan askn eli de v n a
gamowveuli iyo xatTa Tayvaniscemis gamo
da xsenebuli krebis mizanic xatTa Tayva-
niscemis aRdgeniT gamoixateboda. xatTa
TayvaniscemisaTvis qristianTa devna, iyo
ukanaskneli da xangrZlivi. nikeis krebam,
romelmac gamosca 22 kanoni, ganamtkica
xatTa Tayvaniscema.233
amis Semdeg, 843 wels, konstantinop-
olis adgilobrivma krebam, romelic moi-
wvies bizantiis mcirewlovanma keisarma
miqael III-m (842-867) da dedamisma Te-
odoram, anaTema gamoucxada yvela xatme-
brZols da xatTayvaniscemis saboloo zeimi
aRiniSna (saq. ekl. kal., 1974, gv. 133).
232 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1978, gv. 177-178; saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1974, gv.132; 233 iqve, gv. 177-178; iqve , gv. 132.
67saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
adgilobrivi krebebis kanonebi
ori adgilo br iv i kr eb a , ro m elT a
kanonebi Sevida marTlmadide bluri ek-
lesiis kanonikur kodeqsSi, Sedga I msof-
lio krebamde . pirveli maTgani iyo ankir-
isa. moiwvies 314 w. galateas provinci-
is mTavar qalaqSi.
kesaria-kapadokiaSi 314 welsave Sedga
kreba, daaxloebiT 319 wels ki neoke-
sariis kreba moiwvies, daaxloebiT 340
wels Sedga Rangris (gangris) kreba, maTi
kanonebis Semdeg kanonikur krebulSi Se-
dis antioqiis krebis 25 kanoni. antio-
qiis aRniSnuli krebis (daaxl. 330-340
ww.) kanonebis Semdeg kanonikur kodeqs-
Si Sesulia 60 kanoni laodikiis krebi-
sa. aqvea sardikiis 343-344 wlebis, karT-
agenis (419) kanonebis da konstantinop-
olis 394 wlis dadgenileba.
patriarq fotis saxelTanaa dakavSire-
buli konstantinopolis sami kreba: 861,
869 da 879 wlebisa. pirvelma maTganma,
orgzisma, Semdgarma wm . mociqulebis taZ-
arSi im perator m ixeil II I -isa , papis
legatebisa da 318 episkoposis monawi-
leobiT, daamtkica wm. fotis arCeva sap-
atriarqo kaTedraze da wm . ignatis damx-
oba. 869 wlis krebam papis moTxovniT
gaauqma wina krebis dadgenileba, gamoacx-
ada wm . fotis gadadgoma da dedaqalaqis
kaTedraze ignatis aRdgena. 879 wlis kon-
stantinopolis kreba moiwvies wm. sofi-
is taZarSi. mas Tavmjdomareobda sapatri-
arqo RirsebaSi aRdgenili wm. foti ukve
wm . ignatis sikvdilis Semdeg. kr ebaSi
monawileobda 383 mama aRmosavleTisa da
dasavleTis eklesiebisa. krebam aRadgina
gawyvetili urTierToba aRmosavluri da
dasavluri eklesiebisa.
TiToeulma am krebam gamosca kanone-
bi. kaTolikuri eklesia aRiarebs 869
wlis kreb as, rogorc VIII msoflios.
amis sapirispirod marTlmadidebeli ek-
lesia kanonikur mn iSv nelobas an iWe bs
m xolod orgz isi kr e b is kano ne b s da
agreTv e wm . sofiis taZris kre bas da
u ar yofs 869 wlis kre b as . orgz ism a
kre bam gamosca 17, wm . sofiis taZris
krebam 3 kanoni.234
234 D& F& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ V&^ 1994^ c& 61&
68 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
235 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 61&
wmida mamaTa kanonebi
kanonikur krebebSi msgavsad nikeemde-
li epoqis wm. mamebis kanonebisa, Sevida
aseve kanonebi cxra mamisa, romelTac ix-
senebs trulis krebis me-2 kanoni. esenia:
wm. wm . aTanase didi, basili didi, grigo-
li RvTismetyveli, grigoli noseli, am-
filoqe ikonieli, kirile aleqsandrie-
li, genadi konstantinopoleli, agreTve
timoTe da Teofile aleqsandrielebi da
kanonikuri epistole wm. tarasi konstan-
tinopolelisa, romelic iyo ukve tru-
lis krebis Semdeg.
wm. aTanase didi (+372) - mebrZoli
nikeis rwmenisa, marTlmadideblobis mamad
wodebuli, avtori dogmatikuri, apologe-
tikuri da polemikuri Txzulebebisa. kanon-
ikur krebulSi Sevida misi 3 epistole.
wm. basili didis (+379) kanonebi gan-
sakuTrebulad mniSvnelovania saeklesio
samarTlisaTvis. wm. basili aRizarda qris-
tianul ojaxSi, ganaTleba aTenSi miiRo.
egviptis, siriis, palestinisa da meso-
potamiis monastrebis molocvis Semdeg
wmidani ganmartovda Tavis megobar grigo-
li nazianzelTan erTad udabur adgilas,
saidanac 370 w. miiwvies saepiskoposo sam-
saxurisaTvis kesaria-kapadokiaSi. wm . ba-
sili meTaurobda marTlmadidebel episko-
posebs pontos diocezisa da mTeli aR-
mosavleTis arianuli da naxevrad arianuli
eresis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad. basili didis
dogmatikuri Txzulebani, rogorc nawerebi
wm. aTanase da wm. grigoli RvTismetyvelisa,
gaxda safuZveli marTlmadidebluri trini-
taruli RvTismetyvelebisa. kanonikur krebeb-
Si Sevida 92 kanoni wm. basilisa.
wm . grigol noseli (+395) , umcrosi
Zma basili didisa, cnobilia Tavisi dax-
vewili saRvTismetyvelo da filosofi-
uri ganaTlebiTa da moSurneobiT WeSmar-
ite bis dac v isaT v is cruswavle bisag an .
kanonikur krebulSi Sevida misi 1 epis-
tole dayofili 8 kanonad.
wm. grigoli RvTismetyveli (+389), me-
gobari iyo wm. basili kesarielisa. kanon-
ikur kodeqsSi Sesulia misi leqsad daw-
erili CamonaTvali Zveli da axali aRTq-
mis wmida wignebisa.
w m . a m f ilo q e ik o n i e li s ( + 39 5 )
analogiuri Sinaarsis epistolea Sesuli
kanonikur krebulSi.
wm. timoTes, aleqsandrieli mTavar-
episkoposis (+385), wm. aTanases mowafis,
18 pasuxia Sesuli saeklesio wyaroebis
krebulSi, es pasuxebi man gasca episko-
posebisa da samRvdeloebis kiTxvebs.
wm. aleqsandrieli Teofiles 14 kanonia
Se suli kanonikur kr ebulSi. igi iyo
mdevneli wm . ioane oqropirisa, aleqsan-
driuli saRvTismetyvelo skola II-IV ss-
Si yvela sxva saeklesio skolas aRemate-
boda Tavisi swavlebiT. wm. kirile aleqsan-
drieli (+444) iyo mcveli marTlmadide-
bluri qristologiisa nestorianelTa er-
esisagan. kanonikur krebulSi moTavsebu-
lia agreTve epistole mTavarepiskopos
genadisa (+471) , konstantinopolis 459
wlis krebis mamebTan erTad simoniis Sesax-
eb da wm . tarasis, konstantinopoleli
patriarqisa (+809), romis pap adrianesTan
aseve simoniis Sesaxeb. wm . tarasis epis-
toleTi mTavrdeba umTavresi kanonikuri
krebuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiisa.
zogierT umTavres krebulSi damatebiT
Sesulia wm. ioane mmarxvelis (+595) `kanon-
ikoni~, SemdegSi damuSavebuli mRvdelmona-
zon maTeos blastaris mier. igi iqca sax-
elmZRvanelod sasuliero pirebisaTvis (da
CarTulia berZnul kanonikur krebulebSi:
`pidalionsa~ da `aTenis sintagmaSi~). `pi-
dalionis~ zogierT krebulSi Sesulia wm.
nikifore aRmsareblis (+818) kanonebi.235
69saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
kanonikuri krebulebi
msoflio krebaTa epoqaSi arsebobda
uxvi saeklesio kanonikuri masala, aman
gamoiwvia aucilebloba misi kodifikaci-
isa, Seiqmna krebulebi, romelTa daniS-
nuleba iyo, xeli Seewyo aRniSnuli masa-
lis praqtikuli gamoyenebisaTvis.
msoflio krebaTa epoqis krebulebi Sei-
Zleba davyoT sam jgufad:
1. kanonikurni, romelnic Seicavs mx-
olod saeklesio kanonebs;
2. samoqalaqo, romelnic Seicavs mx-
olod saxelmwifo kanoneb s saeklesio
saqmeTa Sesaxeb;
3. Sereuli krebulebi, romlebic Se-
icavs rogorc erT, ise meore kanonebs _
nomokanonebi (berZnuli sityvidan `nomo~
_ sjuli (pfrjys) da `kanoni~ (amJamad
`nomo~ iTargmneba, rogorc kanoni, magram
Cans, Zvel saqarTveloSi `nomo~ iTargm-
neboda rogorc `sjuli~, `kanoni~ ki saek-
lesio sjuli) .
kanonikur krebulebs yofdnen or ti-
pad: qronologiurad, romelSic krebaTa
da mamaTa kanonebi qronologiuri mimdevro-
biT iyo moyvanili da sistematurad, romel-
Sic saeklesio-samarTlebrivi masala da-
jgufebuli iyo Tavebis, ganyofilebebis,
rubrikeb-titulebis mixedviT.
p ir v e li C v e nT v i s c no b ili q ro -
nolo giur i kr e bul i daka vSir e b ulia
saqarTvelos mezobel pontos diocezTan
- e .w. pontos kr ebuli, m asSi Sev ida
ankiris, kesariis da neokesariis krebebis
kanonebi (Cemi azriT, Tu saqarTvelos uSu-
alo mezobel pontos diocezSi Rrma Ses-
wavlis obieqti iyo saeklesio kanonikuri
samarTali, CvenSic unda hqonodaT war-
modgena, Tu praqtikuli gamoyeneba ara,
aRniSnuli krebulis Sesaxeb) .
SemdgomSi, pontos krebuls daemata
sxva kanonebi IV-V ss-isa, qronologiuri
Sesabamisobis mixedviT. kerZod, gangrisa
(Rangris) da antioqiis krebebisa, sinop-
sisi _ Semoklebuli gadmocema _ kanoneb-
isa, gamocemulni aseve Cveni mezobeli
frigiis provinciis krebebis mier, romelT-
ac ewodebodaT laodikiis krebis kanone-
bi da bolos II msoflio krebis epis-
tole, jer kidev kanonebad dauyofeli. am
krebuliT sargeblobdnen qalkedonis kre-
bis mamebi. IV msoflio krebam Tavisi 1-li
kanoniT daamtkica saerTo saeklesio av-
toriteti am kodeqsisa, romelsac ewoda
qalkedonis krebuli. gangra, frigia da
laodikia, rogorc aRiniSna, saqarTvelos
mezoblad mdebareobdnen.
Seqmnili iyo sxva qronologiuri kre-
bulebi, magram qronologiur rigze dawy-
obili kanonebi mouxerxebeli iyo praq-
tikuli gamoye nebis dros, Zn eldeboda
moZieba saWiro kanonisa, amitomac ukve VI
s-dan gamoCnda saeklesio kanonebis pirveli
berZnuli sistematuri krebuli, 60 tit-
ulovani (titlovani). masSi mTeli masala
dalagebuli iyo 60 Tavad, anu titulad -
Sinaarsis Sesabamisad.
Cvenamde moaRwia presviter ioane sqo-
lastikosis (ase uwodebdnen im drois ad-
vokatebs) sistemurma krebulma, romel-
sac uwoda `sinagoga saRmrTo da wmida
kanonebisa dayofili 50 Tavad (titulad)~.
VI-VII ss-Si konstantinopolSi gamoCnda
kanonebis axali krebuli `kanonikuri sin-
tagma~ - gayofili or nawilad. pirveli
nawili - sistematuria, masSi mTeli masala
dayof ilia 14 rubr ikad - titulad ,
romelnic, Tavis mxriv, dayofilia Tavebad.
meore nawilSi igive kanonebi ganlagebulia
qronologiuri TanmimdevrobiT. cnobilia
agreTve sxva sistematuri krebulebic.
romaulma samoqalaqo samarTalma, saek-
lesios msgavsad, adrebizantiur epoqaSi
ganicada kodificireba (kodifikacia). Sedge-
nil iqna sakanonmdeblo krebulebi, rom-
70 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
lebSic Sevida rogorc qristianobamdeli
imperatorebis, ise qristiani imperator-
ebis kanonebi, adrebizantiuri sakanonmde-
blo aqtebi gamoicemoda imperiis saxelm-
wifo laTinur enaze . 438 wels gamoica
Teodosis `kodeqsi~. kanonebi am `kodeqs-
Si~ dayofilia 16 wignad, romelnic day-
ofilia Tavebad (titulebad). bolo me-16
wigni Seicavs saxelmwifo kanonebs, romelnic
Seexeba saeklesio saqmeebs.
iustiniane didma (527-565) gamosca fun-
damenturi krebulebi romauli samarTlisa,
romelTac uwodes `saero samarTlis ko-
rpusi~ (Corpus iuris civilis).
am korpusSi Sedis 4 krebuli:
1. ̀ dadgenilebaTa kodeqsi~. masSi Sevida
imperatorTa kanonebi adrianedan (117 w.)
iustinianes bolo kanonamde (534 w.). kre-
buli dayofilia 12 wignad, TiToeuli wigni
titulebad. saeklesio saqmeebs exeba pirve-
li wignis dasawyisi titulebi. gamoica
orjer 529 da 534 wlebSi, pirvels ewoda
`Zveli~, axals - `Sesworebuli~.
2. (meore krebuli iustinianesi) `di-
gestebi~, anu `pandeqtebi~. gamoqveynda 533
w. dayofilia 50 wignad. Sedis warmodge-
nili epoqis iuristebis ganmartebebi.
3. (mesame krebuli iustinianesi) - `in-
stitucia~, dayofilia 4 wignad. wignebi
titulebad, titulebi paragrafebad. is
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom aris saxelmZRvane-
lo samarTlebrivi masalis Sesaswavlad.
4. (meoTxe krebuli iustinianesi) -
ewodeba `axali dadgenilebani~, anu `nov-
elebi~ - esaa iustinianes is kanonebi,
romelnic gamoica `kodeqsis~ gamoqveynebis
Semdeg. `novelebi~, ZiriTadad, dawerilia
berZnul enaze. pirveli TariRdeba 535 wliT.
saeklesio sakiTxSi iustinianes kanon-
ebis ZiriTadi adresati, rogorc wesi, kon-
stantinopolis patriarqia,236 magram br-
Zanebebi sxva patriarqebsac egzavnebodaT.
`novelis~ , anu brZanebis miRebis Semdeg
patriarqebi maT ugzavn idnen mitropo-
lite bs , saidan ac isin i e gzav n e bodaT
episkoposebs da ase Semdeg _ monastrebsa
da samrevloebs. es novelebi erT wignad
Sekribes iustinianes sikvdilis Semdeg.
741 wels gamoica lev isavrosisa da
konstantine koprinimis (qarTvelebi mas
uwodeben konstantine skores) `kanonebis
ekloga~. es imperatorebi xatmebrZolebi
iyvnen , amitomac igi marTlmadideblobis
damtkicebis Semdeg miaweres IX s-is im-
peratorebs _ lev brZensa da mis Svils
kon stantine s.
imperatorma basili makedonelma da
misma Svilma lev brZenma gamosces ramden-
im e kr e buli ro m aul-b iz antiur i sa -
marTlisa. esenia: `proxironi~ da `basil-
iki~. `basilikSi~ Sevida mxolod is Zve-
li kanonebi, romelTac ar hqondaT Zala
dakarguli imperator basili makedonel-
is mmarTvelobisas. krebuli dayofilia 60
wignad. wignebi - titulebad, titulebi -
Tavebad, Tavebi - paragrafebad. saeklesio
saqmeTa Sesaxeb laparakia 1, 3, 4, da 5
wignebSi. am basilisa da misi Svilebis
sulieri mama-aRmzrdeli iyo ilarioni,
qarTveli wmidani.
XII s-Si bizantiaSi iuridiul Zalas
aniWebdnen iustinianes `korpusis~ mxolod
im kanonebs, romelnic `basilikebis~ kre-
bulSi iyo Sesuli. balsamonma aseve gada-
xeda `nomokanonis~ kanonebs, am dros maTi
mniSvnelobis kriteriumad miiCnia Semde-
gi garemoeba: Setanili iyo Tu ara isini
`basilikSi~ . es iyo bizantiuri samarT-
lebrivi reforma, romelic, Cveni azriT,
saeWvoa, rom asaxuliyo qarTul saekle-
sio samarTalSi, radgan, rogorc cnobil-
ia, arc `basiliki~ da arc balsamonis gan-
martebebi qarTulad Targmnili ar yofi-
la (slavurSi ar Sevida amave mizeziT).237
236 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 68$ 237 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 69&
71saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
` nomoka nonebi ~
ase uwode bdn e n T avdap ir vel kr e -
bulebs, romlebic Seicavda rogorc saek-
lesio, iseve samoqalaqo kanonebs saek-
lesio saqmeTa Sesaxeb.
uZvelesi `nomokanoni~ miewereba io-
ane sqolastikoss, Tumca misi avtoroba
saeWvodaa miCneuli. miakuTvneben VI s-s.
yvelaze cnobili da istoriulad mniS-
vnelovani saeklesio-samarTlebrivi kre-
bulia _ `nomokanoni 14 titulovani~. misi
Seqmna miewereba konstantinopolel pa-
triarqs wm. fotis. amJamad miiCneven , rom
igi Sedgenilia ori avtoris mier da ar-
sebobs misi ori redaqcia sxvadasxva epo-
qisa. pirveli redaqcia miewereboda kon-
stantinopolis patriarqs sergis (610-
638) (es sergi iyo kirosis, savaraudod
qarTvelTa kaTalikosis kirionis, megobari).
` 14-titulovani nomokanoni~ Sedgeba
ori nawilisagan. pirveli nawili, romel-
sac aseve `nomokanoni~ ewodeba, gayofil-
ia 14 titulad, titulebi Tavebad, aqvs
kanonTa saCvenebeli. TiToeuli rubrikis
qveS gamoyofilia samoqalaqo kanonebi Tavi-
sa da titulis Tematikis mixedviT. kre-
bulis meore nawils ewodeba `sintagma~,
Sedgeba kanonebis teqstebisagan, romel-
nic ganlagebulia qronologiuri Tanmim-
devrobiT.
`14-titulovani nomokanonis~ meore re-
daqcia Sedgenilia 883 wels. zogierTi
mecnieri mas miawers wm. fotis. fotis
`nomokanonSi~ warmodgenilia yvela kano-
ni , Setanili sakanonmdeblo kodeqsSi,
romelsac dRes vicnobT. esaa y velaze
sruli da saxmarad mosaxerxebeli krebu-
li, amitomac man berZnuli eklesiidan gan-
devna yvela sxva kompilacia. aqedan gamom-
dinare, 920 wlis konstantinopolis kre-
bam sazeimod daamtkica `14-titulovani
nomokanoni~, rogorc sayovelTaod savalde-
bulo kodeqsi msoflio eklesiisaTvis. am-
Jamad, fotis `nomokanonis~ `sintagma~ war-
moadgen s m arTlm adide bluri e klesiis
kanonikur krebuls.238
imis gamo, rom 920 wlis konstanti-
nopolis krebam `14-titulovani nomokano-
ni~ sayovelTaod savaldebulod daamtki-
ca msoflio eklesiisaTvis, unda vifiqroT,
rom iqamde qarTul eklesiaSi arsebuli
Zveli saeklesio-samarTlebrivi kodeqse-
bi mouxmareblobisa da gadauwerlobis gamo
TandaTan amoRebul iqna xmarebidan da am-
denad, ver moaRwia Cvenamde.
238 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 74&
72 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
kanonTa ganmartebani, aristine, zonara, balsamoni
bizantiuri epoqis saeklesio samarT-
lis damaxasiaTebeli niSania – adre gamocemu-
li kanonebis ganmartebani. kanonebis gan-
martebebs berZeni iuristebi uwodeben –
sqolioebs, xolo laTinebi _ glosebs.
Tavdapirvelad, sqolioebs werdnen xe-
lnawerTa areebze . maT hqondaT SeniS-
vnebisa da ganmartebebis xasiaTi calkeuli
sityvisa Tu kanonebis zogierTi adgili-
saTvis. TandaTanobiT zogierTi Zveli sqo-
lio Seitanes samarTlis teqstSi, anda
TviTon gadaiqcnen TavisTavad kanonad.
aleqsi aristine - eladeli iyo, mi-
iRo iuridiuli ganaTleba, eWira maRali
samoqalaqo Tanamdeboba. konstantinop-
olSi miiwvia imperatorma ioane komnenos-
ma – diakvnobasTan erTad man daiWira
umaRlesi saxelmwifo Tanamdebobani – no-
mofilaqsisa, da bolos, saeklesio Tan-
amdeboba _ sapatriarqo eklesiis didi
ekonomosisa. gardaicvala 1166 wlis Sem-
deg. imperatoris davalebiT aristinem
Se adgin a kanonikuri `sino psisis~ gan-
martebani (daaxl. 1130 wels) .
ioane zonara – cnobili bizantieli
kanonisti, cxovrobda imperatorTa: aleq-
sis da ioanes dros. eWira didi saxelm-
wifo Tanamdebobani, col-Svilis sikvdi-
lis Semdeg berad aRikveca. dawera sxva-
dasxv a Txzuleb a , m aT Soris fotis
` no mo kanon is~ ` sintagm is~ gan marteb a
(daaxl. 1142 wlis Semdeg) . nomokanonis
pirveli nawilis ganmarteba ar moucia
( es n awili Se ic avs e klesiis Se saxe b
samoqalaqo kanonebs) .
Teodor balsamoni - XII s-is yve-
laze avtoritetuli kanonisti. daibada
konstantinopolSi. imperator manuilis
dros eWira sapatriarqo nomofilaqsisa
da xartofilaqsis T anamdebobani. 1 193
wels aiy v an e s antio qi is p atr i ar q is
taxtze, magram am dros antioqia jvaros-
nebs eWiraT, amitom balsamons ar dau-
to veb ia kon stantinopoli. es iyo im-
perator isaak angelosis dros.
nikita xoniatis T qmiT, imperatori
isaak angelosi dahpirda balsamons, rom
konstantinopolis patriarqis kaTedraze
73saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
gadaiyvanda antioqiis patriarqis kaTedri-
dan, Tuki igi am aqtis damamtkicebel
ganmartebebs Seadgenda. Sesabamisi gan-
marteba balsamonma gadasca episkoposTa
krebas, magram aRmoCnda, rom es sabuTi
imperators esaWiroeboda, raTa konstan-
tino polis kaTedraz e gadmo eyvana mis-
Tvis sasurveli ierusalimeli patriar-
qi dosiTeosi.239 (imperators SeeZlo sa-
patriarqo taxtze aeyvan a misTvis sa-
surveli piri anda gadmoeyvana sxva kaT-
edridan . konstantinopolis, aleqsandri-
is, ierusalimis, antioqiis sapatriarqoe-
bi erT eklesias Seadgendnen erTi `saek-
lesio wesierebis uzenaesi mcveliT~ (e .i.
i mp erator -T av iT) da zo gjer saerTo
sinodiT _ krebiT) .
balsamonma miiRo davaleba, Seedgina
mTliani `14-titulovani no mokano nis~
ganmartebebi da ara mxolod `sintagmisa~ .
am droisaTvis miiCneoda, rom `nomokan-
onSi~ Sesul iustin ianes kanonebsa da
im dros bizantiaSi moqmed kanonmdeblo-
bas Soris, romelic Sesuli iyo `basi-
likebSi~, ar iyo Sesatyvisoba.
balsamonma `nomokanonis~ ganmarteb-
is dros aRiara, rom Zaladakargulad unda
C aT vliliyo iustinian es is kano n e bi ,
romelnic marTalia Sesuli iyo `nomo-
kanonSi~, magram ar iyo `basilikebSi~.240
b alsamo ni am arTlebs im per atorT a
yo velgvar qm ede bas saeklesio saqmeTa
marTvaSi. icav s ko nstantinopolis p a-
triar qis up ir ateso bas sxva sap atri-
ar qo e bTan Sedare b iT . b alsamon s aq v s
agreTve 66 kanonikuri pasuxi, romelic
nomokanonis ganmartebasTan erTad Sevi-
da `aTenis sintagmaSi~ .
ukve XIII s-dan `nomokanonebi~, romelT-
ac ar gaaCndaT `ganmartebani~ (aRniSnuli
kanonistebisa) – iTvlebodnen moZvele-
bulad da gamovidnen xmarebidan .
XIV s-Si aseTive samuSao maTe blas-
tarma Seasrula.241
komentatorTa axali Taobis warmomad-
genelni arian serbeTis episkoposi nikodime242
da ioane smolenskeli episkoposi.243
239 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 87$ 240 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt Ghfdj^ c& 87& uTiTebs: Iuris ecclesiasticigraecorum historia et monumenta. I.B. Pitra. Romae, t. I, 1864; t. II, 1868; Su ntagma twn Jei wn kai i rvnkaano nwn tvn agi wn kai paneujh mwn Apfsto lwn kai tvn i ervn oi koumenikwn kai topikvn Suo dwn,kai kata merV agiwn pate rwn, e kdoJe n u po G.A . Ra llh, P ot lh . AJh n, 1 85 2-1 85 9, tom. I-IV ; 2 4 1
Àëôàâèòíàÿ ñèíòàãìà Ìàòôåÿ Âëàñòàðÿ. Ñèìôåðîïîëü, 1892; 242 Ghfdbkf ghfdjckfdyjq Wthrdb cnjkrjdfybzvb Ybrjlbvf tg& Lfkvfncrj-bcnhbqcrjuj^ CG<^ I^ 1911^ II^ 1912$ 243 (Jgsn rehcf wthrjdyjujpfrjyjdtltybz)^ CG<^ 1851$ saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, 1987, #1, gv. 1-3.
74 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
Tavi meore
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebis pirveli qarTuli Targmanebi
saeklesio samarTali, saek-
lesio-administraciuli mmarT-
velobis sferoSi, garkveul
cvlilebebs ganicdida epoqa-
Ta Sesabamisad. sxvagvari iyo
is nikeamdeli da aseve qalke-
donamdeli eklesiebisaTvis, sx-
vagvaria is e.w. ̀ axali eklesie-
bisaTvis~ (igulisxmeba is ek-
lesiebi, romelnic konstanti-
nopolis wiaRidan gamovidnen
da misgan miiRes avtokefalia.
esenia, ruseTis, bulgareTis,
rumineTisa da sxva `axali~
eklesiebi).
nikeas I msoflio krebamde
arsebuli eklesiebi erTmane-
Tis mimarT damoukidebelni iyv-
nen da imarTebodnen mociqulTa
34-e kanonis Sesabamisad. ni-
keamdeli eklesiebis es damou-
kidebloba I, II da III msoflio krebebma
ar SezRudes, magram qalkedonis msof-
lio krebis Semdeg man garkveuli cvli-
lebebi ganicada. am dros moxda eklesi-
aTa gaerTianeba avtokefaluri eklesie-
bis Semcirebis kvaldakval. imis gasarkve-
vad, Tu administraciuli mmarTvelobis
mxriv ra uflebebiT sargeblobda saqar-
Tvelos eklesia, unda gairkves es ekle-
sia qalkedonamdeli eklesiaa Tu qalke-
doniis krebis Semdeg Camoyalibda. wyaroe-
bis analizi aCvenebs, rom saqarTvelos
eklesia nikeamde, anda nikeis krebis para-
lelurad Camoyalibda (amiT, cxadia, is
qalkedonamdeli eklesiaa). es asaxulia
saeklesio terminologiaSic.
qarTvelebma qristianobis naTeli mi-
iRes jer kidev romis imperiis arsebo-
bisas maSin, roca imperiis saxelmwifo
sarwmunoebas marTlmadidebloba, xolo
saxelmwifo enas laTinuri warmoadgen-
75saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
da. ramac Tavisi asaxva hpova qarTul
sasuliero literaturaSi, magaliTad,
wmida ninos `cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad, wmi-
da ninos ufalma laTinurad dawerili
mcnebebi gadasca, wmida ninos `romael-
Ta tyves~ uwodeben, mis sarwmunoebas
ki ̀ romaelTa rjuls~,244 wmida nino wer-
ils iRebs `romis patriarqisagan~, mas-
Tan modis romaeli diakoni da sxv. ro-
mis imperiis arsebobis dros Tavdapirve-
lad 100-ze meti avtokefaluri ekle-
sia arsebobda,245 amitom provinciul da
diocezur eklesiebs hqondaT adminis-
traciuli TavisTavadoba, romelsac Sem-
deg avtokefalia ewoda.246 unda vifiqroT,
rom Camoyalibebis dros I-IV ss-Si msof-
lio eklesiasTan sulierad umWidroe-
sad dakavSirebuli qarTuli eklesia ise-
Tive administraciuli TavisTavadobiT
sargeblobda, rogoriTac sxva provin-
ciebisa da diocezebis eklesiebi romis
imperiaSi. miT umetes, rom saqarTvelo
damoukidebel saxelmwifos warmoadgen-
da, rac cxadia, unda asaxuliyo misi
eklesiis iuridiul statussa da masSi
moqmed kanonikur samarTalzec, romel-
Ta arsebobis gareSe eklesiuri cxovre-
ba SeuZlebelia.
IV s-is ukve Sua wlebidan TandaTan
viTareba Seicvala da bizantiis imperi-
aSi ukve V-VI s-Tvis Camoyalibda ram-
denime msxvili saeklesio erTeuli (Sem-
dgomi sapatriarqoebi), romelTac ga-
moamJRavnes miswrafeba daeqvemdebare-
binaT mezobeli, iqamde administraciu-
lad damoukidebeli eklesiebi. ZiriTadad,
es SeZles kidec, Tumca kviprosis ek-
lesiam SeinarCuna Tavisi avtokefalia,
raSic mas daexmara III msof-
lio kreba, roca antioqiis say-
dari mis administraciul da-
qvemdebarebas cdilobda. kvi-
prosis eklesiis msgavs TavisTa-
vad eklesiaTa rigSi albaT
qarTuli eklesiac imyofebo-
da, miT umetes, rom is im-
periis farglebs gareT mde-
bareobda. unda vivaraudoT,
rom am dros IV da gansakuTre-
biT V s-Si qarTul enaze gad-
moiTargmna bibliuri da sa-
RvTismetyvelo wignebi, wmida
mamaTa nawerebis erTi nawili.
iTargmneboda am dros Tu ara
kanonikuri krebulebi, CvenTvis
ucnobia, magram radgan msof-
lioSi pirveli kanonikuri kre-
bulebi swored saqarTvelos
uSualo mezoblad, kerZod,
galateas, frigiisa da pontos
provinciebSi Seiqmna swored
aRniSnul periodSi, kanonikuri
samarTali arc qarTvelebi-
saTvis unda yofiliyo ucno-
bi, miT umetes, rom am sam-
yarosTan qarTvelebs umWidroe-
si sulier-ekonomikuri urT-
ierToba hqoniaT. mxedveloba-
Si rom ar miviRoT iseTi mniS-
vnelovani mxarec ki, rogori-
caa qarTvelTa da kapadokiel-
pontoel-galatelTa eTnikuri
naTesaoba, rac am urTierTo-
bis kidev ufro gaRrmavebis
erT-erTi xelSemwyobi faqtori
unda yofiliyo.
244 qarTlis cxovreba, t. I . gv. 104, 197, 88, 86, 110; 245 Ñ. Òðîèöêèé, Î Öåðêîâíîéàâòîêåôàëèè, ÆÌÏ, 1950, ¹7, ñ. 39; 246 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria,t. I . gv . 185-204.
76 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
magram qarTvelebs am Tavis samezob-
lo, Rrmad qristian qveyanasTan akav-
Sirebda sarwmunoeba, riTac yovelive
if ar e b o d a d a u mT a v r e s su l i e r
mamoZravebel Zalas warmoadgenda IV da
V ss-Si.
VI-VII ss-Si, rogorc amas episto-
leTa wignSi Semonaxuli dvinis eklesi-
is meTaurisadmi kirion kaTalikosis pa-
suxebi miuTiTebs, qarTvelebi kargad ic-
nobdnen imJamindeli kanonikuri samarT-
lis safuZvlebs. kavSir-urTierToba hqon-
daT msoflio eklesiis meTaurebTan, kir-
ionisTvis gamogzavnili romis papis epis-
tole, romelic nestorianelebTan urT-
ierTobis sakiTxis mogvarebas exeba, erTi
amis damamtkicebeli magaliTia. garda
amisa, rogorc sxvadasxva wyaro miu-
TiTebs, kirions kavSir-urTierToba hqonda
konstantinopolisa da ierusalimis pa-
triarqebTan. amitomac, unda vifiqroT,
rom kavkasiis masStabiT iseTi didi xalx-
is eklesia, rogoric iyo saqarTvelosi,
ar unda yofiliyo darCenili saekle-
sio-samarTlebrivi Zeglebis gareSe. mkv-
levarTa TvalsazrisiT, romelic Sesa-
ba mis adgilas gv aq vs gadmoce muli,
saqarTveloSi V s-saTvis gavrcelebu-
li unda yofiliyo e.w. `siriul-romau-
li samarTali~, romelic Semdgom xe-
lmeored uTargmniaT XVIII s-Si.
VII s-Si, mas Semdeg, rac herakle
keisarma iranis saxelmwifo daamarcxa,
bizantia kidev ufro mWidrod daukav-
Sirda saqarTvelos. rogorc zemoT aRin-
iSna, saqarTvelos emezoblebodnen bi-
zantiis Rrmad qristianuli saeklesio
provinciebi, rasac CvenSi, kerZod ki
maT uSualo mezobel tao-klarjeTSi,
unda Seeqmna xelsayreli pirobebi bi-
zantielTa msgavsad kanonikuri samarT-
lis mcodne pirebis arsebobisaTvis. amas
unda miuTiTebdes qarTuli terminis
`merCules~ arseboba, rac swored kanon-
ikuri samarTlis mcodnesa da ganm-
martebels _ `merjules~ erqva. rogorc
p. ingoroyvam gaarkvia, am profesiis mqone
sasuliero pirebi bizantieli advokate-
bisa da sqolastebis msgavsi profesiis
mqonen i unda yofiliyvnen , romelTa
daniSnuleba saeklesio kanonebis gan-
marteba iyo, maT unda hqonodaT Sesa-
ba misi ganaTlebac . amas adasture bs
CvenTvis cnobili mwerlis, giorgi mer-
Cules didi ganaTleba da erudicia.
unda vivaraudoT, rom qarTul enaze
arsebobda saeklesio-kanonikuri krebule-
bi, magram rogorc aRvniSneT, konstan-
tinopolis 920 wlis saeklesio krebam
akrZala yvela Zveli krebulis gamoy-
eneba, garda `14-titlovani nomokanon-
isa~, amitomac Zveli qarTuli kanoni-
kuri samarTlis krebulebi (Targmanebi),
Cans, amoRebul iqna xmarebidan, Sesa-
Zloa amitomac ar moaRwia Cvenamde.
CvenSi rom msoflio krebaTa kanon-
ebis ganmartebani arsebobda, unda miu-
TiTebdes V-VI krebis kanonebis eqvTime
aToneliseuli Targmani-ganmarteba. man,
miuxedavad zemoaRniSnuli akrZalvisa,
rogorc Cans, mainc gaagrZela qarTul
eklesiaSi tradiciuli muSaoba saek-
lesio kanonebze da mogvca aRniSnuli
krebis dadgenilebebi e.w. `mcire sju-
lis kanonis saxiT~.
iv. javaxiSvilis SexedulebiT ̀ qarTu-
li kanonikuri mwerlobis pirveli Ze-
glebi ukve xanmetobis xanaSi yofila~.247
247 qarTuli samarTlis istoria, 1928, t. I, gv. 28.
77saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi VI-VII saukuneebSi
iv . javaxiSvilis azriT, msoflio
krebaTa sakanonmdeblo Zeglebi qarTul
enaze ukve gadmoRebuli unda yofiliyo
VI s-is bolosa da VII s-is dasawyisSi.
es mosazreba efuZneba `epistoleTa wig-
nis~ ganxilvas. kirioni abraam somexTa
kaTalikoss werda erT-erT epistole-
Si _ `me gadmovaTargmnine da gaaxle
oTxi krebis wignebi, romliTac xelmZR-
vaneloben romaelebi (e.i. bizantiele-
bi), agreTve igive iqadageba anastas-wmi-
dasa da wmida sionSic (e.i. ierusalimis
eklesiaSi) – gindaT Tu ara, esaa Cveni
sarwmunoeba~, am sityvebidan Cans, rom
kirion kaTalikoss abraam kaTalikosi-
saTvis oTxi msoflio krebis aRsarebisSemcveli Zegli gadmouTargmnia.248 amave
epistoleSi ganmartebulia, Tu saidan
aiRo kirionma oTxi msoflio krebis aRm-
sarebloba _ kirioni wers: `Cven Cveni
gonebiT araferi dagviweria, aramed Ti-
Toeuli saeklesio krebaTa wignebidan
aris amoRebuli~.249
z. aleqsiZis TargmaniT ase JRers es
sityvebi: `icodeT, rom es Cven TviTon ki
ar davwereT, aramed TviToeuli krebis
wignidan [amoviReT] da sarwmunoeba Rmer-
Tis mowyalebiT CvenSia. davwereT sruli
WeSmaritebiT, ara Tu mcire gamoZiebiT,
aramed didad davSveriT da vcaniT~.250
iv . javaxiSvili daaskvnis, `VI-VII
ss-Si saqarTvelos eklesias msoflio
krebebis Zeglis weraTa wigni hqonia da
amnairad kanonikuri mwerloba am SemTx-
vevaSi msoflio eklesiis kanonebis Targ-
man ebis saxiT mainc ukve arsebobda
rasakvirvelia adgilobiTi krebebis Zeg-
lisweraTa wignebic iqneboda~.249 qarTulikanonikuri mwerlobis dasawyisad iv. jav-axiSvils miaCnia xanmetobis xana.249 k.
kekeliZe ar iziarebs am Tvalsazrissda miiCnevs, rom XI-XII ss-mde qarTvelebsar uTargmniaT kanonikuri Zeglebi. k.kekeliZes eTanxmeba e. gabiZaSvili damiiCnevs, rom `dasaxelebul krebaTasruli aqtebis qarTul enaze am drois-aTvis arseboba Zalian saeWvod migvaC-nia, miT umetes, rom nikeis I da kon-
stantinopolis II msoflio krebaTa aqtebi– krebis sxdomaTa zustad Cawerilioqmebi, rogorc III , IV, V, VI da VIImsoflio krebebis Sesaxeb gvaqvs, saer-Tod ar unda arsebuliyo~.251
SesaZloa, marTlac, ar arsebobda Ida II msoflio krebaTa zustad Cawer-ili oqmebi, magram III da IV msoflio
krebaTa mier gamocemuli kanonebis Targ-mna SeeZloT qarTvelebs somxur ekle-siasTan udidesi mniSvnelobis mqone ka-maTis dros, roca am saeklesio sak-iTxs, faqtobrivad, saxelmwifoebrivi,eris momavali cxovrebis ganmsazRvrelimniSvneloba hqonda da es orive moka-maTe krebam kargad icoda. am mxriv iv.
javaxiSvilis mosazreba misaRebia. miT-umetes, rom kirioni orjer axsenebs ̀ oTxkrebaTa wignebs~,252 amasTanave Tavis epis-toles Tan urTavs I, II , III da IVkrebaTa masalebs.253
al. vaCeiSvili am sakiTxSi eTanxmebaiv. javaxiSvils da miaCnia, rom VI-IX ss-Si eklesiis Sinagani cxovrebis mosawes-
rigeblad, saxelmwifosa da kerZo pirebT-an urTierTobis mosagvareblad iuridi-ul normebs bizantiidan gadmoiRebdnen.254
248 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 44; 249 iqve, gv. 44; 250 epistoleTa wigni, 1968, gv. 111; 251 didisjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 14; 252 epistoleTa wigni, gv. 102; 253 iqve , 102-111; 254 al. vaCeiSvili,narkvevebi , qarTuli samarTlis istoriidan, I, 1946, gv. 167.
78 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi VIII-IX saukuneebSi
iv . javaxiSvilis azriT, qarTul
enaze saeklesio kanonebis krebuli ukve
grigol xanZTelis epoqaSi arsebobda,
rasac gvafiqrebinebs giorgi merCulis
saistorio TxzulebaSi Sesuli erTi
cnoba. javaxeTis saeklesio krebaze
guaram mamfals ganucxadebia: `wmidano
mamano, episkoposno da meudabnoeno, iciT
yovelTa kanoni SjulisaY, rameTu ara
brZanebs episkoposisa da kaTalikosisa
mZlavrobiT dajdomasa~. amis sapasuxod
grigol xanZTels agreTve msoflio saek-
lesio kanonmdeblobidan amoRebuli
sabuTebiT miugia: `wmidaTa mociqulTa
da RirsTa maT mRvdelT-moZRvarTagan gan-
sazRvrebulsa kanonsa Sina arave brZa-
nebul ars eriskacTa viTarmca episko-
posTa da wesisa winamZRvarTa mamaTa gan-
sagebelisa sjulis moZRvrebasa ikadreb-
da~. iv. javaxiSvilis TqmiT, aqedan aSkar-
ad Cans, rom ara mxolod saeklesio
moZRvrebi, aramed ganaTlebuli eriska-
cebic ki icnobdnen `Sjulis kanons~,
masze amyarebdnen TavianT sabuTebsa da
msjelobas.255 iv. javaxiSvilma gaarkvia,
rom es sabuTebi, kerZod, eyrdnoboda
`Sjuliskanonis~ im nawils, romelsac
ewodeboda `mociqulTa gansazRvrebuli
kanonebi~ da `mRvdelmoZRvarTa gan-
sazRvrebuli kanonebi~. iv. javaxiSvili
askvnis, `warmoudgenelia, rom msoflio
saeklesio krebebis kanonebic naTargmni
ar yofiliyo~.256 cxadia, SesaZloa es
ar yofiliyo is saboloo redaqcia,
romelic 14 titulovani krebulis sax-
eliTaa cnobili, aramed erT-erTi kre-
buli im sjuliskanonTagan, romelic bi-
zantiaSi Zalze mravlad arsebobda. Tu
gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom tao-klar-
jeTs bizantia miiCnevda Tavisi imperiis
Tu nawilad ara, masze daqvemdebarebul
teritoriad mainc, cxadia, imperiis ter-
itoriaze arsebul marTlmadidebel ek-
lesiebs unda hqonodaT kidec bizanti-
uri sjuliskanonebis Targmanebi, sxvag-
varad eklesiis marTva SeuZlebeli
Seiqneboda, gansakuTrebiT im dros, roca
somxuri eklesia pretenzias acxadebda
tao-klarjeTze, raTa igi Tavis iuris-
diqciaSi Seeyvana (iseve, rogorc iyo
VI-VII ss-is periodSi). aseT dros somx-
ur eklesiasTan paeqrobisas, cxadia,
qarTvel mRvdelmTavrebsa da meudabnoeebs
xelT eqnebodaT Sesabamisi saeklesio
kanonmdebloba. aRsaniSnavia, rom somx-
ur eklesias isini Tavidanve hqonda. k.
kekeliZis azriT, `X s-is bolomde
qarTul enaze ar Senaxula aramcTu raime
kanonikuri krebuli, aramed cotad Tu
bevrad eWvmiutaneli da kategoriuli
cnoba aseTi krebulis arsebobis Sesax-
eb~.257 magram, Tuki qarTvelebi bizan-
tiaSi sagangebod agzavnidnen TavianT
warmomadgenlebsa da delegatebs im droi-
saTvis marTlmadideblobis centrebSi ar-
sebuli saeklesio tipikonebis, gangebeb-
is, wes-Cveulebebis aRwerilobaTa mosa-
poveblad, ratom ar unda dainteresebu-
liyo qarTuli mxare, bizantiaSive moe-
povebina saeklesio kanonmdebloba, ma-
Sin roca igi hqonda mis mezobel somx-
ur eklesiasac? `Zeglis weraTa wigne-
255 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 42; 256 iqve, gv. 42; 257 k. kekeliZe, Zveli qarTuli literaturisistoria, t. I, 1980, gv. 560.
79saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
bi~, romelnic kirion kaTalikoss abraam
kaTalikosisTvis gaugzavnia, kidec rom
ar yofiliyo kanonikuri Zeglebi, rogorc
k. kekeliZe fiqrobs, aramed sarwmunoe-
briv-aRmsareblobiTi xasiaTis dogma-
tikuri formulebi, mainc, maT Sexeba
unda hqonodaT kanonikasTan, radganac
dogmatikuri mwerlobac efuZneboda msof-
lio krebaTa gansazRvrebebs, mociqul-
Ta kanonebsa da eklesiis cnobil moZR-
varTa kanonikur epistoleebs, ganmarte-
bebs, rac kanonikis safuZvelia. somex-
qarTvelTa saeklesio cilobis dros mox-
seniebulia leon didis tomosi, epis-
tole, romelsac IV msoflio qalkedo-
nis krebis dros gadamwyveti mniSvnelo-
ba mieniWa. `epistoleTa wignSi~ naTq-
vamia, rom rogorc qarTvelebma, ise somx-
ebma ganixiles qalkedonis krebaTa dad-
genilebebi da leonis epistolec. ̀ ueWve-
lia es dokumentebi qarTuladac iqne-
boda naTargmni~ – daaskvnis k. kekel-
iZe.258 rac miuTiTebs, rom im daucxromeli
brZolisa da kamaTis dros, romelic mim-
dinareobda somxur eklesiasTan VI-X ss-
Si qarTvelebi praqtikuli saWiroebis
gamo iZulebulnic ki iqnebodnen, eTarg-
mnaT kanonikuri xasiaTis Zeglebi berZnu-
li enidan. ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom
episkoposi stefane mtbevari somxur ek-
lesiasTan kamaTis dros axsenebs swored
msoflio krebaTa kanonebs, roca wers –
somxebma `moZRvarTa mier wmidaTa kre-
baTa RvTivsulierTa kanoni saeklesio
Seuracxyves~,259 rac kanonikuri mwer-
lobis qarTulad arsebobas gulisxmobs.
258 iqve, gv. 469; 259 saqarTvelos samoTxe, gv. 394.
80 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis Targmanebi X-XI saukuneebSi
wmida eqvTime mTawmidelma X s-is
bolos Targmna ioane sqolastikosis sa-
marTlebrivi krebuli da VI msoflio
krebis dadgenilebebi. amiT, k. kekeliZis
azriT, daiwyo qarTuli saeklesio-iu-
ridiuli mwerloba.260 Tumca, qarTuli
didi sjuliskanonis mkvlevari prof. vl.
beneSeviCi fiqrobda, rom X s-mde qarTul
enaze TviT didi sjuliskanonic ki iyo
Targmnili. k. kekeliZe beneSeviCis mo-
sazreb ebs ar eTanxmeb a. akritike bs
agreTve iv. javaxiSvils, romelic fiqrob-
da, rom didi sjuliskanoni arsen iyal-
Toelamde iyo Targmnili. k. kekeliZe
wers - `kanonikur krebulTa Targmani-
saTvis pirvelad xeli moukidnia eqv-
Time aTonels, rogorc mas Cveulebad
hqonda, am SemTxvevaSic, gadmosaTargmn
ZeglTa SerCevisas, saxelmZRvanelo prin-
cipad man aiRo praqtikuli, yoveldRi-
uri mniSvneloba cxovrebisaTvis ama Tu
im nawarmoebisa da Tanac gadmoTargmna
ara im saxiT, rogorc is dedanSi iyo,
aramed misi Sedgenilobisa da redaqci-
is cotaodeni SecvliT qarTul sinamd-
vilesTan SefardebiT~.261
pavle ingoroyva gansxvavebuli mo-
sazrebisaa da miiCnevs, rom X-XI ss-
saTvis samarTlis mecnierebas saqarTvelo-
Si ganviTarebis maRali donisaTvis mi-
uRwevia.. . `X-XI ss-Si saqarTveloSi
yofilan mecnier-iuristebi, romelTac
ewodebodaT `mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeT-
ani~, bagrat IV-is cnobili sigelidan
irkveva, rom `mecnierni sabWoTa saqmeT-
ani~ sagangebod miiwveodnen xolme sax-
elmwifos uzenaesi organos - saxelm-
wifo darbazis sxdomaze rTuli iurid-
iuli sakiTxebis ganxilvis dros~.262
260 k. kekeliZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 561; 261 iqve, gv. 564; 262 p. ingoroyva, girogi merCule, 1954, gv. 23.
81saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
p. ingoroyva ixilavs termins `rCu-
li~ da `merCule~ da daaskvnis: `mer-
Cule iyo mecnieri `rCulisa~, special-
urad kanonikuri samarTlis swavluli,
mcodne da amave dros mecnieri mTeli
saqristiano moZRvrebisa, damwereli
rCulisa, e.i. Teologi, mecnieri... eqv-
Time mTawmidelis teqstidan irkveva, rom
`merCule~ iyo ara mxolod `mecnieri~
rCulisa, qristianuli moZRvre bisa,
aramed amave dros `rCulis~ siwmidis
mcveli. `merCule~ `ganawesebs kanonsa~
maTTvis, romlebic gardaxdnen qristian-
uli `rCulis~ wesebs, e.i. `merCule~
uflebamosilia ikisros amave dros kanon-
ikuri samarTlis msajulis funqciebi...
Tu ramdenad didi iyo `merCuleTa~ (msa-
julTa) avtoriteti Zvel saqarTvelo-
Si, amas adasturebs Zveli qarTuli kanon-
ikuri Zegli `mcneba sasjulo~, sadac
kaTalikoss aqvs Semdegi zewodeba `mes-
juleTa (e.i. merCuleTa) Tavi da uxuc-
esi~. p. ingoroyvas gamokvlevis Tanax-
mad, grigol xanZTelis cxovrebis aRm-
wereli giorgi merCule yofila `rCu-
lis~ sakiTxTa kanonikuri samarTlis
swavluli mcodne.263 amitomac, Tavis Tx-
zulebaSi aSuqebs kanonikuri samarTlis
sakiTxebs, rasac gamowvlilviT ixilavs
javaxeTis saeklesio krebis msvlelobis
aRweris dros, agreTve cqiris istori-
is gadmoce misas . aRn iSnuli kre b a
saqarTvelos eklesiisa, p. ingoroyvas
mixedviT, Sedga 845-850 wlebSi, javax-
eTSi, mTavar guaram mamfalis mowveviT.
krebaze warmodgenilni yofilan sxvebT-
an erTad `wesisa da Sjulisa maswavle-
belni~, romelnic ̀ wessa daudebdes ersa~.
ara mxolod sasuliero pirTagan, aramed
eriskacTaganac ki im epoqaSi mravalni
yofilan `rCulisa moZRvarni~, `saRmr-
ToTa wignTa mecnierni da enaTaTaca
wurTilni~, SeeZloT `rCulis gamoZie-
ba~ da `moZRvreba~. es `wesisa da rCu-
lisa maswavlebelni~ ucxoeTSic – ieru-
salimsa da konstantinopolSic mogzau-
robdnen da iqidan saWiroebis SemTx-
vevaSi CamohqondaT `keTili wesi~. wesi
igive saeklesio kanonia. Tumca, yvela
`wesi~ rodi iyo gamosadegi imdroinde-
li qarTuli sazogadoebisaTvis – rad-
ganac ̀ tvirTi SjulisaY da wesi qriste-
anobisaY, romeli aw qveyanasa Cvensa
upyries, friad keTil ars~ da `tvirTi
ganwesebuli eyofin navsa, ukueTu daum-
Zimo – dainTqas da ukueTu subuqad
iyos, qarTa da RelvaTa waritacon~.
saeklesio-iuridiuli ganaTlebis ma-
Ralma donem SesaZlebeli gaxada X s-is
bolos warmoqmn iliyo origin aluri
qarTuli kanonikuri krebuli, romelic
`mcire sjuliskanonis~ saxeliTaa cno-
bili. ase mas uwoda TviT krebulis
Semdgenelma wmida eqvTime mTawmidel-
ma. man Targmna berZnuli kanonikuri
mwerlobis sxvadasxva wyaro, nawilo-
briv gadaamuSava da masSi Seitana qarTu-
li masala. sabolood, es krebuli
garkveuli xnis manZilze iTvleboda
qarTuli eklesiis saxelmZRvanelod da
dResac aqvs praqtikuli mniSvneloba
eklesiisaTvis, radganac miuxedav ad
arsen iyalToelis mier Targmnili ̀ didi
sjuliskanonis~ arsebobisa, igi sauku-
neTa manZilze gamoiyeneboda. 26 4
mitropolit konstantines TqmiT –
wm. eqvTimes es Zeglebi zustad rodi
gadmouRia, igi am kanonebs cvlis, amok-
26 3 p. ingoroyva, girogi merCule, 1954 , gv . 27 ; 2 64 `mcire sjuliskanoni~, e . giunaSvilisgamocema, 1972.
82 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
lebs, zogierTi sruliad ar Seaqvs Tavis
wignSi, zogjer ki Semoaqvs iseTi masa-
la, romelic saerTod ar icis berZnul-
ma dedanma. yovelive amis gamo `mcire
sjuliskanoni~ Tumca bizantiuri saek-
lesio samarTlis ZeglTa mixedviTaa
Sedgenili, magram mainc im principiT,
romliTac xelmZRvanelobda qristiano-
ba: emoqmeda ama Tu im xalxis bunebis
Sesabamisad da ara mis sawinaaRmdegod.
am principidan gamomdinare, eqvTimes saek-
l e sio ka n o n Ta kr e b ul i i md e n a d
`gauqarTulebia~, rom Tavisi struqtu-
riT igi erTaderTia msoflio qristian-
uli samarTlis istoriaSi.265
VIII-X ss-is qarTuli eklesia gan-
sakuTrebul mniSvnelobas aqcevda somx-
uri eklesiisagan qarTuli mrevlis dac-
vas, radganac, rogorc es aRniSnuli
iyo `saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis
istoriis~ II tomSi, somxuri eklesia
pretenziebs acxadebda qarTvel mrev-
lze, surda kvlavindeburad moeqcia taos,
samxreT saqarTvelos, gugarqisa da here-
Tis qarTveloba Tavisi iurisdiqciis
qveS, iseve, rogorc es adre iyo, gan-
sakuTrebiT VI-VII ss-Si (Tumca hereTi
somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciisagan mx-
olod X s-Si gaTavisuflda). am mizezis
gamo samxreT saqarTvelos qarTul ek-
le si as k vla v i nd e b ur ad et yo bo da
monofizituri eklesiis daRi. Cans, zo-
gierTi qarTveli kvlav monofizituri
eklesiis gavlenis qveS iyo, amitomac
deda eklesiis mrevlis dacvis mizniT,
eqvTimem Tavis sjuliskanonSi mravali
cnoba, miTiTeba da kanoni Seitana im
wesebis Sesaxeb, romelnic somxur ek-
lesiaSi iyo miRebuli, magram sinamd-
vileSi ki mwvaleblobas warmoadgenda,
kerZod, monofizituri xasiaTisas.266 k.
kekeliZis sityviT – eqvTimem gadmosa-
Targmn kanonikur ZeglTa Soris Sear-
Cia isini, romelTac praqtikuli, yoveld-
Riuri mniSvneloba hqonda.267
`mcire sjuliskanoni~ gamosacemad
moamzada elguja giunaSvilma. X s-is
bolos eqvTime mTawmidelis mier Sedge-
nili `mcire sjuliskanoni~ e. giunaSvi-
lis mier miiCneva qarTuli klasikuri
kanonikuri mwerlobis saTaved. igi eqv-
Time mTawmidels Seudgenia berZnuli
kanonikuri mwerlobis sxvadasxva wyaros
mixedviT da saqarTvelos saeklesio praq-
tikaSi farTod gamoiyeneboda. es kanon-
ikuri krebuli Tavisi SedgenilobiT
originaluri da erTaderTia qristianu-
li eklesiis samarTlis istoriaSi. misi
msgavsi Sedgenilobis krebuli ar icis
arc erTi qveynis saeklesio samarTlis
istoriam. `mcire sjuliskanoni~ oTxi
nawilisagan Sedgeba: 1. `wesi da gangeba
da rCuliskanoni meequsisa krebisaY~; 2.
kanonni SecodebulTani; 3. kanonni dRi-
Ti-dReTa cTomisani; 4. Zegliswera sar-
wmunoebisaY. eqvTime mTawmidels es kre-
buli 1005 wlamde Seudgenia.268
e. giunaSvilis TvalsazrisiT, wmida
eqvTime mTawmidelis kanonikuri krebu-
lis pirvel nawils warmoadgens tru-
lis 692 wlis krebis kanonebi, krebul-
Si is wodebulia VI msoflio krebis
kanonebad. krebulis meore nawilia Sec-
odebulTa kanonebi, konstantinopolis
patriarqis ioane mmarxvelis (582-595)
Sroma, Tumca specialistebis Tval-
265 saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, eqvTime aTonelis saeklesio kanonTa krebuli gadmoRebuli axalqarTul enaze, Tb. , 1983, gv. 5; 266 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, gv. 48; 267 k. kekeliZe, Zveli qarTulilit. ist., I , gv. 564; 268 e. giunaSvili, winasityva, `mcire sjuliskanoni~, 1972, gv . 4.
83saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
sazrisiT es kanonebi VIII s-is bolosa
da X s-is Sua aRmocenda.269 krebulis
mesame nawils qarTul samecniero lit-
eraturaSi basili didis kanonebi Seer-
qva, Tumca e. giunaSvilis TvalsazrisiT,
es kanonebi IX s-is Semdeg aRmocenda
da X s-Si sakmaod yofila gavrcelebu-
li saRvTismetyvelo praqtikaSi. krebis
meoTxe nawili qarTul samecniero lit-
eraturaSi iwodeboda VII msoflio kre-
bis kanonebad. e . giunaSvilis Tval-
sazrisiT, es Secdomaa, sinamdvileSi es
nawili warmoadgens 843 wlis konstan-
tinopolis adgilobrivi krebis `sarw-
munoebis Zeglisweras~.270
`rogorc eqvTimes krebulidan Cans,
somex-qarTvelTa saeklesio dava am dros
isev ZalaSia~, 271 es sakiTxi eqvTimes
krebulis kanonebSic aisaxa. magaliTad,
`wesi da gangeba da rjuliskanoni mequ-
sisa krebisaY~-s 68-e muxlSi, kerZod,
naTqvamia - `queyanasa mas somxeTisasa
wmidaTa da patiosanTa xatTa gamosax-
vasa ara Seiwynarebdnen, rameTu urCu-
loman man petros mkawvralman viTaca
`saCecari~ aswava, egreTve eseca boro-
ti wvalebaT sadme maT Soris dasTe-
sa~.272 72-e muxlis mixedviT, `gveuwya
viTarmed queyanasa somxiTisasa saklvelTa
dahklven, locvarsa da xorcsa mas SeiR-
eben eklesiad da miscemen mRvdelTa naw-
ilsa wesisa misebr Zuelisa rCulisa,
viTarca iqmodes huriani, xolo ese wesi
gareSe ars wesTagan kaTolike eklesi-
isa~.273 rogorc cnobilia, msgavsi Cveva
saqarTveloSi, gansakuTrebiT mTianeTSi,
amJamadac arsebobs (Tumca xorci ekle-
siaSi ar SeaqvT), safiqrebelia, rom es
Cveva gadmonaSTia I-IV ss-Si arsebul
pirvelqristianul, e.w. iudauri qris-
tianuli wesebisa. varaudia gamoTqmuli
(T. mgalobliSvili), rom I-IV ss-Si Cven-
Si, ise rogorc aRmosavleTis qveynebSi
(siria, somxeTi, mcire azia), gavrcele-
buli iyo qristianobis Tavdapirveli
saxe, e.w. iudauri qristianoba, romel-
Sic mravlad iyo wesebi `Zuelisa rCu-
lisa, viTarca iqmodes huriani~, T. mga-
lobliSvilisa da sxvaTa TvalsazrisiT
es iudauri qristianoba IV s-dan Secv-
ala `berZnulma qristianobam~, romel-
mac akrZala Zveli Cvevebi, magram Cans,
aRmosavleT romis imperiaSi (bizantia-
Si) mimdinare es procesi SedarebiT ucxo
iyo ka v kasiis im e klesie b is aTv is ,
romelnic imperiis gareT, zogjer ki
arabizantiuri saxelmwifos gavlenis
sferoSi imyofebodnen. Cans, es procesi
(Zveli adgilobrivi qristianuli Cveve-
bis berZnuliT Secvla) CvenSi aqtualuri
gaxda gansakuTrebiT X s-is Semdeg, qarTu-
li eklesiis mTawmiduri saganmanaTleb-
lo frTis warmoqmnam XI s-dan procesi
Seuqcevadi gaxada, Tumca, etyoba, mTian,
e.w. ̀ soflur~ adgilebSi aseTi (e.i. pirv-
el-qristianuli, IV s-mdeli) Cvevebi
kidev didxans darCenila.
amis magaliTia `mcire sjuliskano-
nis~ pirveli nawilis 73-e muxlSi
mocemuli VII s-is kanonis darRveva
qarTuli eklesiis `sofluri xucesis~
mier XI s-Si, kerZod, am kanonSi naTq-
vamia - `guesma, Tu queyanasa somxeTi-
sasa Tvinier Sesamoslisa xucesni aRas-
ruleben wirvasa TvisiTve SesamosliTa
da es didi wvaleba ars sxuaTave Tana
cTomaTa da aw Cuen vamcnebT ukueTu
vinme ikadros marTlmadidebelman mRvdel-
269 e. giunaSvili, winasityva, `mcire sjuliskanoni~, 1972, gv. 6; 270 iqve, gv. 11; 271 iqve, gv. 12;272 iqve, gv. 63; 273 iqve, gv. 73.
84 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
man anu diakonman Tvinier Sesamoslisa
Jamiswirva, ganakanonos da dae yenos
Jamiswirvisagan, vidremdes moigos wesi-
ereba da ebiskoposman pirveladve ixi-
los misi stiqari, uReli, da zewari da
egreT xelni dasxnes~.274
e.i. trulis saeklesio krebis mamebs
amcnes, rom aRmosavleTis (somxeTis) ek-
lesiebSi, mRvdlebi wiravdnen eklesieb-
Si ara sagangebo SesamosliT, aramed
TavianTi yoveldRiuri tansacmeliT. es
krebam miiCnia wvalebad da aukrZala
aseTi saxiT wirvis Catareba samRvde-
loe bas. maT wirvisas unda CaecvaT
stiqari (kaba), uReli (albaT olari)
da zewari (omofori). es wesi albaT
dainerga kidec CvenSi, magram XI s-is
40-iani wlebis bolos zogierTi qarTveli
mRvdeli antioqiaSi, kerZod ki svimon-
wmidis monasterSi Zveleburi wesiT, e.i.
Tavisi yoveldRiuri da ara sagangebo
wirvis SesamosliT wiravda. es SeumCne-
viaT berZen berebs, maSinve gangaSi au-
texiaT, wirvisagan `dauyenebiaT~ qarTve-
li berebi, Semdeg ki antioqiis patri-
arqTan uCivliaT. Tavis mxriv ki, es
giorgi mTawmidelisaTvis ucnobebiaT,
romelsac dasWirda axsna-ganmartebis
micema imis dasamtkiceblad, rom qarTveli
berebi marTlmadideblebi iyvnen, da ara
sarwmunoebriv i C ve veb is SebRalvis,
aramed ucodinarobis mizeziT iqceod-
nen ase. giorgi mcire wers - `qarTveli
xucesi svimeon-wmidas Jamsa ver wirvi-
da amis mizezisaTvis, rameTu romelsame
Jamsa sofluri vinme xucesi axlad Camo-
suli wmidasa svimeonis svetsa zeda gas-
rul iyo Jamiswirvad qalamniTa da sa-
beWuriTa Tvinier samRvdeloYsa Sesa-
moslisa, viTarca iyo pirvelad wesi
Cueni~.275 e.i. giorgi mcires azriT, ̀ pirve-
li wesi Cveni~ iyo ara sagangebo wirvis
SesamosliT wirva, aramed Cveulebrivi,
yov eldRiuri tan sacmliT . e s wesi
berZnul eklesiaSi VI-VII ss-Sive ganidev-
na, magram aRmosavlur eklesiebSi, maT
Soris CvenSic didxans, `mcire rjulis
kanonis~ gamocemis epoqaSic darCenila,
swored am da sxva eklesiis praqtikuli
mizezebisaTvis iqna kidec eqvTime mTaw-
midelis mier Sedgenili es krebuli.
274 `mcire sjuliskanoni~, 1972, gv. 77; 275 giorgi mcire, cxovreba giorgi mTawmidelisaY, Zv eliqarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, wigni II, gv. 1967.
85saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos eklesia nawilia msof-
lio eklesiisa, amitomac msoflio saek-
lesio krebebis dadgenilebani saqarTve-
loSi warmoadgenda moqmed samarTals.
14 Tavad, anu titlebad dayofil berZnu-
li samarTlis ZiriTad kanonikur kre-
buls – CvenSi didi sjuliskanonis sax-
eliT icnobdnen da mas Tavisi saboloo
saxe dedanSi miuRia wm. fotis Rvawlis
Sedegad. igi bizantiaSi gamoCenila VI
s-Si da sxva krebulebTan SedarebiT VII
s-dan upiratesoba moupovebia. igi, iv.
javaxiSvilis TqmiT, IX-X ss-Si qarTu-
ladac unda yofiliyo naTargmni.276
k. kekeliZe `did sjuliskanons~ mi-
iCnevda 1114 wlis Semdeg Targmnilad
XII s-is pirvel meoTxedSi,277 Tumca
Tavis kerZo werilSi, romelic man vl.
beneSeviCs gaugzavna, aRiarebda, rom
ruis-urbnisis `Zegliswera~ gulisxmobs
`didi sjuliskanonis~ qarTulad arse-
bobas, e.i. Zegli Targmnilia am krebam-
de . e . gabiZaSvili gamoTqvams Tavis
gakvirveb as imis Sesaxeb, Tu ratom
`uaryo k. kekeliZem es azri~.278
e . gabiZaSvili ar eTanxmeba iv. jav-
axiSvilis azrs `didi sjuliskanonis~
ramdenime Targmanis arsebobis Sesaxeb
da miiCnevs, rom `arsen iyalToelis
mier Targmnili `didi sjuliskanoni~
berZnuli 14-titlovani nomokanonis –
erTaderTi Targmania qarTulad da es
Zegli arc manamde da arc Semdeg ar
yofila gadmoRebuli~. 279
Tumca, kidev erTxel unda aRiniS-
nos, rom ivane javaxiSvils ar eeWvebo-
da didi sjuliskanonis dReisaTvis cno-
bili Targmanis Sesruleba arsen iyal-
Toelis mier, magram miiCnevda, rom igi
ar iyo pirveli mTargmneli da manamdec
arsebobda Zvel TargmanTa redaqciebi.
iv. javaxiSvilis es mosazreba, vfiqrobT,
dResac misaRebia, Tumca ki mis mosazrebas
yvela ar iziarebs. gasaziarebelia iv.
javaxiSvilis Tvalsazrisi, rom arsen
iyalToels ar akmayofilebda didi
sjuliskanonis Zveli Targmanebi da ami-
tom man igi xelaxla Targmna, SesaZloa
daviT aRmaSeneblis davalebiT.280
amJamad miiCneva, rom 883 wels foti
patriarqis mier Camoyalibebuli dResac
moqmedi 14-titlovani nomokanonis re-
daqciis qarTuli Targmani Seasrula arsen
iyalToelma XI s-is bolosa da XII s-
is dasawyisSi.281
`didi sjuliskanoni~ Seicavs:
1. mociqulTa saxeliT cnobil 85
kanons.
2. msoflio saeklesio krebaTa ka-
nonebs.
3. im adgilobriv saeklesio krebaTa
kanonebs, romlebic TavianTi mniSvnelo-
biTa da warmomadgenelTa didi avtori-
tetiT tradiciulad miCneulia am kre-
bulSi Setanis Rirsad.
4. eklesiis didi mamebis kanonebs.
5. krebulis qarTul redaqcias er-
Tvis agreTve ruis-urbnisis saeklesio
wm. fotis nomokanonis, anu didi sjuliskanonis
qarTuli Targmani
276 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, gv. 38; 277 k. kekeliZe, qarTuli literaturis istoria I, 1960, gv. 284;278 `didi sjuliskanoni~, gamosacemad moamzades e. gabiZaSvilma, e . giunaSvilma, m. dolaqiZe m,Tbilisi, 1975, gv. 20; 279 iqve, gv. 19; 280 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, gv. 41; 281 saRvTismetyvelo krebuli,1987, #1, gv. 1-3.
86 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
krebis kanonebi, es kreba sruliad saqar-
Tvelos mefis daviT aRmaSeneblis mier
iyo mowveuli 1105 wels da mas gan-
sakuTrebuli mniSvneloba hqonda qarTu-
li eklesiisaTvis.282
`didi sjuliskanonis~ Zveli qarTu-
li redaqciis teqsti zemoT miTiTebuli
SedgenilobiT, gadmoRebuli axal qar-
Tulze, gamoqveynebulia 1987 wlis saek-
lesio kalendarSi.
melqisedek kaTalikosi Tavis `daw-
erilSi~ (1031/33 ww.) Senawir wignTa
Soris asaxelebs wigns - `Sjuliskanoni
axali~.283 k. kekeliZe mas axlad gadaw-
eril sjuliskanonad miiCnevs.
iv. surgulaZe284 miiCnevs, rom `didi
sjuliskanoni (XI-XII ss-is mijna) na-
Targmnia arsen iyalToelis mier. nomo-
kanoni berZnulad niSnavs kanons da wess.
nomokanonebi ewodeba marTlmadideblur
saeklesio samarTlis krebulebs, rom-
lebic Seicaven eklesiis Sinaganawess,
agreTve yofa-cxovrebisa da saojaxo
samarTlis normebis debulebebs. .. sab-
olood, Camoyalibda IX s-is ukanasknel
meoTxedSi 14-titlovani nomokanonis, e.w.
883 wlis redaqciis saxiT. man konstan-
tinopolis 920 wlis saeklesio kreba-
ze zogadqristianuli saxelmZRvanelos
xasiaTi miiRo. kanonikuri kode qsis
wyaroebi oTx jgufad iyofa: 1. `mo-
ciqulTa~-s saxeliT cnobili 85 saek-
lesio kanoni, romelic saeklesio kanon-
mdeblobis pirvel werilobiT Zeglad iTv-
leba; 2. msoflio saeklesio krebaTa
kanonebi; 3. adgilobrivi saeklesio kanon-
ebi; 4. avtoritetul saeklesio moR-
vaweTa epistolaruli kanonmdebloba.
kanonikur kodeqsSi Sesuli wyaroebis
kodifikacia TandaTan mimdinareobda III
s-dan IX s-mde. am drois ganmavlobaSi
epoqis saWiroebis mixedviT, icvleba
kanonikuri krebulis Sinaarsobrivi Se-
madgenloba. nomokanons qristianul sax-
elmwifoSi moqmedi samarTlis mniSvnelo-
ba hqonda. Zegli qarTulad gadmoTargm-
nilia arsen iyalToelis mier XI s-is
miwurulsa da XII s-is pirvel wlebSi.
arsen iyalToelia Zeglis qarTulad
pirveli mTargmneli.285
282 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 507; 283 qarTuli istoriuli sabuTebis korpusi, 1984,gv. 24; 284 qarTuli samarTlis istoriis wyaroebi, 1984; 285 didi sjuliskanoni, 1975, gv. 18-19.
87saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis Targmanebi
XVIII saukunis pirvel naxevarSi
`mefisa da kaTalikosis saqme orisave swori aris
imitom, rom erTi xorcis xelmwifea da meore sulisa~.
(vaxt. kan. 25).
zogjer ismis kiTxva – vaxtang VI
kaTolikuri aRmsareblobisa iyo, Tu mar-
Tlmadidebeli? am kiTxvas mefe-rjulm-
debelma TviTonve mravaljer upasuxa da
marTlmadideblobis daufaravi aRmsare-
blobis gamo iZulebuli Seiqna qarTlis
samefo taxti daetovebina osmaloTa da
iranelTa nebiT, romelTa uRelqveSac
iyo moqceuli Cveni qveyana im dros.
sityvieri gancxadebis garda, vaxtang
VI-m saqmiT daamtkica Tavisi marTlma-
didebluri aRmsarebloba, gansakuTrebiT,
samarTlis sferoSi muSaobis dros.
Tavidanve unda vTqvaT, vaxtangma sxva
did marTlmadidebel erebze ufro adre
misca qarTvel ers saeklesio sakanonm-
deblo ZeglTa ganmartebani cnobili bi-
zantieli kanonistebisa, romelnic, cxa-
dia, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis udide-
si maswavleblebi iyvnen. esaa maTe blas-
taris `sintagma~ da konstantine ar-
menopulos `eqvsi wigni~.
maTe blastari (XIV s.) marTlma-
didebluri eklesiis kanonikuri samarT-
lis udidesi avtoritetia. misi mTavari
iuridiuli Sromaa: alfabeturi sintag-
ma msoflio saeklesio krebaTa dadge-
nilebebis da saero kanonebisa. es naS-
romi man 1335 wels Seadgina,286 misi
sruli saTauria `alfabeturi sintagma
yvela sagnisa, romelsac Seicavs saRvTo
da wmida kanonebi~. misi wyaroebia _
saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebani da
kanone bi, agreTve romis samarTali
leon brZen is basilikamde . naSromi
Se icavs 24 ganyofilebas b erZ nuli
anbanis rigis mixedviT.
maTe blastaris `sintagma~ farTod
iyo gavrcelebuli, warmoadgenda mar-
Tlmadidebluri eklesiis erT-erT Ziri-
Tad saxelmZRvanelos, igi saeklesio
sjulmdeblobis mniSvnelovani wyaro iyo
marTlmadideblur qveynebSi.
kon stantine armenopulo iyo no-
mofilaqsi (k anonTa mcveli da maTi
marTebulad gamoyeneb is magistrati).
cxovrobda XIV s-Si , TesalonikSi,
mravali iuridiuli Sromis avtoria,
misi ZiriTadi naSromis saxeli Semok-
le biT gamoiTqmis _ `e qv si wigni~.
misi wyaroa imp eratorTa b asilis,
kon stantines da leon is proxoroni
(kanonTa saxelmZRvan elo) , basilikis
(mefeTa wignis) Semokleb a (sinopsi-
si) da sasamarTlo praqtika, impera-
torebis dadgenile bebi (leon brZe-
nis, konstantine porfirogenetis, ro-
manoz I -is, romanoz III-is, n ikifore
fokas, basili I I-is, ale qsi da man-
uel komne nosebis nov elebidan), leon
brZ enis nov elebis krebuli, sxva wya-
roe bi, aseve , mociqulTa da saekle-
286 i. doliZe , qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I. 1963, gv. 581.
88 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sio kreb aTa kanone bi , sinodisa da
sap atriarqos dadgenilebeb i. 28 7
vaxtang VI marTlmadidebluri aRm-
sareblobis mxurvale mosiyvarule rom
ar yofiliyo, saqarTvelos miscemda ara
marTlmadideblur (bizantiur) samarTals,
aramed laTinurs.
qarTvelma mTargmnelma armenopulos
`eqvsi wignidan~ da blastaris `sin-
tagmidan~ amoiRo samarTlebrivi de-
bulebebi da normebi, zogjer ucvle-
lad, zogjer ki gaerTianebiT Seadgina
e .w. `berZnuli kanonebi~, anu berZnuli
samarTlis qarTuli varianti. kompila-
cia ̀ berZnul-romauli samarTlis~ mTa-
vari krebulebisa, gamoyenebul iqna bi-
zantiis gviandel epoqaSi, rogorc sa-
suliero, ise saero sasamarTloebSi.
gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia, rom mas Sem-
deg, rac bizantia Turqebma daipyres
da berZnuli mosaxleobis saeklesio
da samoqalaqo saqmeebis iurisdiqcia
mTlianad konstantinopolis sapatri-
arqos xelSi moeqca, blastaris `sin-
tagma~ da armenopulos `eqvsi wignis~
kompilacia berZen sasuliero xelisu-
falTa mier yoveldRiuri xmarebisaTvis
gaxda saWiro~. 28 8
`samarTali berZnuli~, anu berZnul-
romauli (bizantiuri) samarTlis ver-
sia warmoadgens vaxtan VI-is `samarT-
lis wignTa~ krebulis meore nawils.
igi `friadi SromiT~ moipova `saberZ-
neTSi~ vaxtang VI-m. misi mTargmneli
yofila episkoposi kvipriane samTavneli
(eriskacobaSi kozma aragvis erisTavi).
igi Semoqmedi mTargmneli iyo, eqvTime
mTawmindelis msgavsi, rameTu misi Targ-
mani aris Tavisufali (alag-alag gan-
vrcobili, zogan Semoklebuli). mTargm-
nels maTe blastaris `alfabeturi sin-
tagmisa~ da armenopulos `eqvswigneu-
lis~ garda, sxva berZnuli wyaroebiTac
usargeblia. berZnuli kanonebi mas da
`brZen kacebs~ gadmouqarTulebiaT TviT
vaxtang VI-is aqtiuri monawileobiT. igi
Seicavs 418 muxls.
Tvalis erTi gadavlebiTac ki aSkaraa,
rom vaxtangis `berZnuli samarTali~,
ZiriTadad, saeklesio samarTlis Zeglia,
cxadia, es asec unda iyos, radganac
igi zemoT aRniSnul saeklesio samarT-
lis ganmmarteblebis Targmans warmoad-
gens, magram radganac saeklesio iuris-
diqcia saero saqmeebzec vrceldeboda
ara mxolod saqarTveloSi, aramed qris-
tianul aRmosavleTSi, amitomac ̀ berZnu-
li samarTali~, cxadia, saero samarT-
lis Zegladac SeiZleba CaiTvalos. am
ZeglSi mravali muxlis wyarod dasax-
elebulia saeklesio krebebis kanonebi,
gansakuTrebiT ki VI msoflio krebisa,
mociqulTa kanonebi ̀ damtkicebulni kre-
baTagan~, msoflio avtoritetis mqone
adgilobriv krebaTa kanonebi, magali-
Tad, laodikiisa, gangrisa, patriarqTa
da mamaTa mier gamocemuli kanonebi (tim-
oTe patriarqis) da sxv.
magaliTisaTvis moviyvanT zogierT
Tavs, romelic awesrigebs mefis urT-
ierTobas eklesiasTan. magaliTad, 57-e
muxlis Tanaxmad, VI krebis kanonis Se-
sabamisad, eriskacTagan mxolod mefes
aqvs sakurTxevelSi wmida trapezTan
ziarebis neba, `rameTu RvTisagan dadg-
inebul ars da umetesad maRlad mj-
domare aris patriarqTagan~.289
287 iqve. gv. 580; 288 i. doliZe, qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I. 1963, gv. 589; 289 qarTulisamarTlis Zeglebi, I. gv. 146.
89saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
`berZnuli samarTlis~ 128-e muxlis
Tanaxmad, xelmwifes (mefes) neba aqvs,
daasaqmos da brZaneba misces sasulie-
ro pirs, ufro metic, mas SeuZlia episko-
posi aiyvanos mitropolitis xarisxSi,
SeuZlia didi eparqia gayos da ramden-
ime episkoposs gaunawilos, SeuZlia
episkoposebis, anda mitropolitebis erTi
kaTedridan meoreze gadayvana, maTi
gamocvla, aZlevs maT wirva-locvis
uflebas da aqvs sxva uflebebic sa-
suliero pirTa mimarT. wyarod berZnu-
li samarTlis 128-e muxli asaxelebs
qalkedonis krebis me-4 kanons.
`xelmwife sjulisa da kanonis umd-
ablesi ara aris, rameTu masca aqvs xe-
lmwifeba RvTisa mier-visic enebos episko-
pozisa aRamaRlebs, mitropolitad daay-
enebs da ukeTu episkopozTa bevri samw-
yso aqvs, gauyofs da sxvas episkopozs
Seiqms, visic enebos, episkopozisa anu
mitropolitisa, gamoscvlis aqvs sxva-
ca xelmwifeba simarTliTa mRvdelmTa-
varTa. saqme es ipoebis meoTxe kanonsa
xalkidonisa krebisa, rameTu xelmwife-
ba micemul ars mefeTaTvis, rameTu
ubrZanos visme samRvdeloTa kacTa, saero
samsaxuri aqnevinos, romelic man ubr-
Zanos sjulis kanoni ar dauSlis sam-
saxursa, amisTvisca kanoni brZanebs~.290
sainteresoa muxli 330-e, romlis
mixedviTac laSqrobis dros, mahmadi-
anebis da urjuloebis winaaRmdeg omisas
(aseve, Tuki vinme amoRebuli xmliT mi-
uxdeba), mRvdels SeuZlia, daaswros da
moklas mteri, igi ar daisjeba, magram
wirvis neba CamoerTmeva _ ̀ aramed Rirseba
da wesi ar gamoerTmeva~ (iqve, gv. 204).
347-e muxliT ikrZaleba astrolo-
gia, magram sasurveladaa miCneuli as-
tronomiis, ariTmetikis, musikisa da
geometriis swavleba.291
vaxtang VI-m, agreTve, aTargmnina da
Tavisi samarTlis wignTa krebulSi Seit-
ana `somexT mefeTa wigni samarTlisani~.
mas TiTqmis ori wlis manZilze Targ-
mnidnen . somxuri samarTlis qarTuli
versia Sedgeba ori nawilisagan : siri-
ul-romauli samarTlis qarTuli ver-
siisagan (muxli 1-150) da mxiTar goS-
is samarTlis wignis qarTuli versiis-
agan (muxli 151-431). ̀ samarTali somx-
uris~ wyaroebic miuTiTebs, rom igi
faqtobrivad warmoadgens saeklesio sa-
marTals, magram misi iurisdiqcia saero
saqmeebzec vrceldeba saxelmwifos qris-
tianuli xasiaTis gamo. `samarTali
somxuris~ Semdgenlebis TqmiT, es Zeg-
li aris krebuli, romelSic Rirseuli
adgili uWiravs wmida werilsa (Zvelisa
da axlis) da moses rjuls, mociqul-
Ta kanonebs, ̀ eklesiis mosamarTle mama-
Ta~, b asili didis, `wmida grigol
parTelis SviliSvilis isakis dadebul
wess~. nikeis msoflio krebis, anu ̀ didi
krebis~ kanonebs. krebuli aSkarad saek-
lesio samarTlis Zeglia _ muxlebis
umetesi nawili sasuliero pireb is
qcevas aregulirebs.
qarTul wyaroebSi iSviaTia is ter-
minebi, romlebic `somxuri samarTlis~
wignSi xSirad gvxvdeba. erTi aseTia
`qadagi~ _ es sityva Cven gvxvdeba ̀ miro-
nis kurTxevis~ wesSi da sxvaganac. somx-
uri wignidan Cans, rom `qadagi~ aris
TiTqmis episkoposis Rirsebis mqone (ma-
gram episkoposze dabali) sasuliero
piri, romelic wmida werilisa da kanon-
ebis unaklo mcodnea, amave dros evale-
ba `moqmedeba uSiSari~. am kanonebis qad-
290 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I, muxli 128, gv. 162; 291 muxli 342-e, iqve, gv. 210.
90 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ageba da maTi aRsrulebis meTvalyureo-
ba: `moqadageni unda iyvnen rigiTa uw-
inve mcodneli ZvelTa da axalTa uk-
lebriv, wamkiTxavi kanonis brZanebisa,
uSiSrad moqmedi da kaci Rirsi, filoso-
fosi da TeTris umoyvare~.292 magali-
Tad, 266-e muxlSi ganmartebulia, Tu
ratom ar unda Caicvas kacma qalis,
xolo qalma kacis tanisamosi, rom ar
SeiZleba maTi aRreva: `bevri avi boro-
ti iqmnebis am rigis saqmiT. es saqad-
agebelia moqadageTagan da mosamarTle-
Tagan~,293 e.i. tansacmlis sworad Cac-
mis Sesaxebac ki moqadagem unda iqada-
gos. aq, agreTve, xSirad gvxvdeba sity-
va ̀ qorepiskopozi~ _ ganmartebulia maTi
uflebani. es faqti imiTaa saintereso,
rom IV s-is Semdeg, msoflio eklesiaSi
instituti `qorepiskoposobisa~ aikrZa-
la, magram e.w. `qalkedonamdelma~ ek-
lesiebma igi SeinarCunes. am Zeglidan
Cans, rom `kaTalikosi~ eTanadeba nikeas
I krebis me-4 kanonSi moxmobil `episko-
posTa Tavs~. 287-e Tavidan Cans, rom
oTxi maxareblis `mociqulTa taxtze~
isxdnen kaTalikose bi (ep iskoposebi)
aleqsandriisa, romisa, antioqiisa, ma-
gram konstantinopols (`bizantias~) samo-
ciqulo taxtis Rirseba ar hqonda da
igi efesodan `gaapares bizantias~.294
qarTuli samarTlis wignSi Setani-
li `moses samarTalic~, cxadia, saek-
lesio samarTlis Zeglia.
samarTlis wignTa krebulis Sesav-
alSi vaxtang VI-s samarTlianad ewode-
ba: `marTlmadideblobis mxne da mxe-
dari, uflisa Zlieri moRvawe, qristes
warCinebuli stratilati, ebguri, sama-
radiso mRviZare, sionisa rjulmtkice-
biTa Seuryeveli sveti da godoli,
gautexeli zRude marTlmadideblobiT
da RvTis siyvaruliT Seuorgulebeli
batoniSvili vaxtang~.
vaxtang VI, marTlac, marTlmadide-
blobis WeSmariti burji iyo, amitomac,
rogorc iTqva, aTargmnina bizantiur-
marTlmadidebluri samarTlis wigni.
jer kidev evropaSi elCobis gagza-
vnamde, rogorc ̀ berZnuli samarTlis wig-
nis~ Targmani cxadyofs, vaxtang VI mar-
Tlmadidebluri orientaciisa iyo, xolo
evropidan xelmocaruli elCebis dabruneb-
is Semdeg, vaxtangma 1722 wels sajarod
aRiara Tavisi marTlmadidebloba.
292 kanoni 154, q.s. Z. I, gv. 277; 293 iqve , gv. 321; 294 kanoni 154, q.s. Z. I, 327.
91saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmebam, xolo Semdgom aTeistebis sax-
elmwifoebrivma gabatonebam XIX da XX
ss-Si, cxadia, didad Seaferxa saekle-
sio samarTlis Zeglebis qarTul enaze
gadmoReba. qarTveli sasuliero pirebi
am epoqaSi ZiriTadad rusul sasulie-
ro saswavleblebSi iRebdnen ganaTlebas
da sargeblobdnen kidec rusuli Sesa-
bamisi literaturiT. mxolod XX s-is
80-iani wlebis Semdeg, saqarTvelos ka-
Tolikos-patriarq ilia II-is dros mieca
SesaZlebloba wmida eklesias odnav mainc
gamoecocxlebina saqarTveloSi uZvele-
si xanidan arsebuli samarTlis Zegleb-
is Targmanis saqme . amas xeli Seuwyo
`mcire~ da `didi~ sjuliskanonebis Zve-
li Targmanebis gamocemebma.
aRniSnul wignebs eklesiaSi praqtiku-
li daniSnuleba aqvT, amitomac Cans,
saWirod iqna miCneuli mcire sjulis-
kanonis erTi nawilis gadmoReba Zveli
qarTuli enidan axalze. mis winasity-
vaobaSi aRniSnulia - `Targmanis re-
daqtirebas xelmZRvanelobda mTavar-
episkoposi konstantine meliqiZe , re-
daqtirebaSi aseve monawilobdnen meufe
vaxtang axvlediani da giorgi cincaZe,
saboloo redaqcia ekuTvnis uwmidessa
da unetaress, sruliad saqarTvelos ka-
Tolikos-patriarq ilia II-s~. samwux-
arod, mTargmnelis vinaoba gamocemaSi
ar aris aRniSnuli. rogorc aRiniSna,
qarTul enaze iqna gadmocemuli aseve
`didi sjuliskanoni~ da gamoqveynda 1987
wlis saeklesio kalendarSi.
eklesiisaTvis mniSvnelovani Sena-
Zenia saeklesio kanonTa yvelaze av-
toritetuli komentatorebis aristines,
zonarasa da balsamonis komentarebis
axali qarTuli Targmanebi. 1987 wels
TbilisSi daistamba es Sroma saxel-
wodebiT - `mociqulTa, msoflio da adg-
ilobrivi saeklesio krebebisa da wmida
saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebis Targmanebi
XX saukunis meore naxevarSi
92 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mamebis kanonTa komentarebi~,295 aRniS-
nuli komentarebis mTargmnels, romlis
vinaobac samwuxarod ar aris aRniSnu-
li, uTargmnia `sazRvargareTis rusuli
marTlmadidebluri eklesiis warmomad-
genelTa gamocemidan: Rybuf ghfdbk d 30-
[ xfc nz[ c fkafdbnysv erf pf ntktv ^
Bplfybt <hfncndf ghtg& Bjdf Gjxftdcr-
juj d Vjyhtfkt Heccrjq ghfdjckfdyjq
Wthrdb^ Rfyflf^ 1971&
saeklesio samarTlis cnobili mcod-
nis dekanoz vladislav cipinis Sromis
`saeklesio samarTlis~ erTi nawili `ek-
lesia da saxelmwifo~ Targmna grigol
ruxaZem. 296
aTeisturi imperiis, sabWoTa kavSiris
daSlis Semdeg rusuli saeklesio sa-
marTalmcodneTa erT nawilSi kvlav
aRorZinda mon arqiuli saxelmwifo
sistemisaTvis mxardaWeris miswrafeba.
am ukanasknelTa mier gamocemuli naS-
romis Targmania `saxelmwifoebrivi ka-
texizmo, marTlmadidebluri swavleba
saRvTo xelisuflebaze~, Tb. 1999 (mTarg-
mnel-gamomcemeli dek. arCil mindiaS-
vili). am Targmanidanac naTlad Cans is
winaaRmdegoba, romelic arsebobs rus
samarTalmcodneTa Soris, magaliTad,
ukanaskneli Targmanis mixedviT, `mefis
mier miwieri eklesiis meTauroba imaSi
mdgomareobs, rom igi ara marto simfo-
niuri saero arqiepiskoposia, aramed
eklesiis sagareo saqmeTa erTaderTi
episkoposi~,297 es Tvalsazrisi mTli-
anad sawinaaRmdegoa v. cipinis mosazre-
bisa, rom mefis (imperatoris) es mdgo-
mareoba `uSno tradiciaa~ - `bizantiis
qristiani imperatorebi warmarTi ro-
maeli princepsebis pirdapiri memkvidre-
bi iyvnen, romelTac sxva mraval tit-
ulTan erTad, aseTic hqondaT - pon-
tifex maximus - umaRlesi mRvdelmTa-
vari. es uSno tradicia, zogierTi qris-
tiani imperatoris moqmedebaSi, Sesus-
tebuli saxiT drodadro mainc vlinde-
boda. eklesiisaTvis yvelaze aSkara da
saSiSi cezarul-papisturi tendencia ere-
tikos imperatorTa politikaSi, gan-
sakuTrebiT xatmebrZoleobis epoqaSi ga-
momJRavnda~.29 8
295 saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, 1987, #1; 296 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1999; 297 `saxelmwifo-ebrivi katexizmo~, 1999, gv. 18; 298 v. cipini, eklesia da saxelmwifo, dasax. naSr., gv. 148.
93saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Tavi mesame
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi
sae klesio samarTlis wyaroe bs ,
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, yofen or mTa-
var jgufad, pirvelSi igulisxmeba pirebi
da institutebi, romelTac Seqmnes sa-
marTlis normebi, meore ki warmoadgens
dokumentebsa da Zeglebs, romlebSic gad-
mocemulia aRniSnuli normebi.
Zvel saqarTveloSi, iseve rogorc
msoflios sxva qristianul qveynebSi,
eklesia ar iyo gamoyofili saxelmwi-
foebrivi cxovrebidan . ufro metic,
saqarTveloSi, rogorc garkveulia niko
maris mier, saero da sasuliero Zalau-
flebis erToba udavo faqts warmoad-
genda. amis gamo, saqarTvelos saekle-
sio samarTlis wyaroebis rkvevisas unda
gamovlindes saqarTveloSi arsebuli saek-
lesio-saxelmwifoebrivi warmoSobis in-
stitutebi. Cven mier gansakuTrebuli
yuradReba eqceva amgvar erovnul sax-
elmwifo-saeklesio institutebisa da
saeklesio samarTlis normebis Semqmne-
li pirebis gamovlenasa da Seswavlas.
aRsaniSnavia, rom erovnuli saxelmwi-
foebriobis ryevis dros aRniSnul ufle-
bebs iTvisebdnen dampyrobeli saxelmwi-
fos mesveurebic.
samarTlis wyaroebis meore jgufs
miekuTvneba dokumentebi da Zeglebi,
romelnic gamoica zemoT aRniSnulTa mier.
mravali aseTi dokumenti Tan erTvis Cven
mier ganxilul yvela saeklesio sakanon-
mdeblo krebas, agreTve zogierT mim-
dinare krebas.
94 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi I-V saukuneebSi
adgilobrivi eklesiis samarTlis erT-
erT umTavres wyaros warmoadgens saku-
Tari krebebis mier miRebuli dadgenile-
bani, im SemTxvevaSi Tu igi avtoke-
faluria, magram Tu mas ar aqvs avtoke-
falia, maSin misi samarTlis wyaroa
zemdgomi, anu kiriarqaluri eklesiis
dadgenilebani da miTiTebani. magaliTad,
rusuli eklesia XV s-mde valdebuli
iyo, aResrulebina konstantinopolis
sapatriarqos krebaTa, patriarqTa da si-
nodis yvela dadgenileba, radganac igi
iqamde warmoadgenda konstantinopolis
sapatriarqos erT-erT mitropolias. mis-
Tvis saeklesio samarTlis umTavres
wyaros warmoadgenda msoflio patri-
arqTa is sigelebi, romlebic Seexeboda
rusul eklesias da konstantinopolidan
ugzavnidnen rus mitropolitebs, episko-
posebsa da mTavrebs.299
msgavsadve, qarTuli eklesiisaTvis
samarTlis mTavari wyaro avtokefali-
is miRebamde iyo kiriarqaluri ekle-
sia, xolo avtokefaliis miRebis Sem-
deg sakuTar krebaTa dadgenilebani.
maSasadame , imisaTvis, raTa gavarkvioT
qarTuli eklesiis samarTlis mTavari
wyaro, saWiroa misi avtokefaliis sak-
iTxis garkveva, rodis an visgan miiRo
avtokefalia. amJamindeli TvalsazrisiT,
romelmac asaxva qarTul enciklopedi-
aSic pova, Camoyalibebis dros, IV s-is
dasawyisidan, qarTuli eklesia konstan-
tinopolis iurisdiqciis qveS iyo, Sem-
deg antioqiis iurisdiqciaSi moeqca,
romlisganac V s-Si, petre fulonis
dros, miiRo avtokefalia. maSasadame,
mas IV-V ss-Si e.w. ori `dedaeklesia~
hyavda, jer konstantinopolisa, Semdeg
ki antioqiisa. istorikosebis aseTi
daskvnebi saeklesio samarTlis monace-
mebs ar Seesabameba.
rogorc cnobilia, konstantinopoli
Sendeboda 325-330 wlebSi da igi 330
wels akurTxes rogorc q alaqi da
dedaq alaqi imperiisa. am dros misi
episkoposi, viTarca erT-erTi qalaqis
mRvdelmTavari, emorCileboda Tavis mit-
ropolits, romelic qalaq irakliaSi
ijda. rusi kanonistebis mixedviT, am
droisaTvis, e.i. IV s-is 30-ian wlebSi,
konstantinopolis episkoposs Tavisi
normaluri sididis eparqiac ki ar hqonda.
mxolod Semdeg gaafarTova man gavlena
jer mxolod Tavis garSemo myof olqze
da TiTqmis saukune dasWirda, raTa Tavis
iurisdiqciaSi moeqcia 451 wlis qalke-
donis msoflio krebis dasturiT iqamde
avtokefaluri diocezebi Trakiisa, asi-
isa da pontosi.
rodis daarsda oficialuri qarTu-
li eklesia? Tu sxvadasxva istoriko-
sis monacemebs SevajerebT, es moxda 317-
326 wlebSi. 337 welic rom iyos es
TariRi, mainc mivalT, samarTlebrivi
TvalsazrisiT, dilemamde, e.i. Tu qarTu-
li eklesia daarsda 326 wels igi arav-
iTar SemTxvevaSi konstantinopolis
iurisdiqciaSi ar imyofeboda. Tu igi
daarsda 337 wels, 330 wels daarsebu-
li qalaqis episkoposs mainc ar SeeZlo
igi Tavis iurisdiqciaSi moeqcia, rad-
299 Â. Öûïèí, Öåðêîâíîå ïðàâî, ñ. 99.
95saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
ganac rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, konstan-
tinopolis episkoposs Tavisi normaluri
sididis eparqiac ki ar hqonda im droi-
saTvis da kidevac rom moendomebina im-
periis farglebs gareT kavkasiis mTebT-
an mdebare eklesiis daqvemdebareba, amas
mainc ver SeZlebda, radganac maSin kon-
stantinopolsa da saqarTvelos Soris
pontos diocezis avtokefaluri ekle-
sia imyofeboda. saeklesio samarTlis
mixedviT, IV s-is 30-ian wlebSi aseTi
daqvemdebareba SeuZlebeli iyo. msgavsadve
saeWvoa, antioqiis iurisdiqciac Cveni
eklesiis mimarT.
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebis Zie-
bisas aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswi-
noT TviT qarTuli eklesiis Zveli moR-
vaweebis mosazrebani avtokefaliis Sesax-
eb. erTi aseTi, yvelaze ufro avtoritet-
uli iyo wmida giorgi mTawmideli, rom-
lis avtoritetuloba sakanonmdeblo
saqmeSi sagangebo muxliT daadastura
ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebamac. giorgi
mTawmidelis azriT, qarTuli eklesia
daarsebul iqna ara IV s-Si, aramed I-II
ss-Si TviT mociqulTa mier, aqedan ga-
momdinare, igi msgavsad sxva mociqulTa
mier daarsebuli yvela eklesiisa, daarse-
bisTanave avtokefaluri iyo, Tanaxmad
imJamindeli saeklesio samarTlisa. amis
gamo, giorgi mTawmidelis azriT, anti-
oqiis sapatriarqos pretenziebi qarTu-
li eklesiis mimarT ukanono iyo, anti-
oqiis eklesia arasdros yofila qarTu-
li eklesiis, e.w. `deda-eklesia~. Cven
giorgi mTawmidelis es Tvalsazrisi
mravalgzis gvaqvs qvemoT ganxiluli,
amitomac aq aRar SevexebiT, magram Zvel
qarTvel mecnier-moRvaweTa mosazrebebs
adasturebs axali arqeologiuri monace-
mebic. marTlac, rogorc arqeologiuri
masalebi adasturebs, saqarTveloSi IV
s-mdec cxovrobdnen qristianebi, Tavi-
anTi salocavebiT (IV s-mdeli eklesiac
ki aRmoCnda nastakisSi). sainteresoa isic,
rom II-III ss-Si CvenSi qristianul aRm-
sareblobas maRal, mdidar fenebSic ki
SeuRwevia, miT umetes, mravlad iqnebo-
da qristianTa ricxvi dabal fenaSi,
romelSic saerTod gavrcelda Tavda-
pirvelad qristianoba.300 IV s-mde ̀ qris-
tianuli ideologiis gavlenis zrda
qarTlis Zveli dedaqalaqis mosaxleobaSi
SesamCnevi aris. rogorc Cans, igi mo-
saxleobis sxvadasxva fenaSi gavrcel-
da. amis sailustraciod gamodgeba gvi-
anantikuri xanis samareebSi aRmoCenili
qristianuli simboloebi mcxeTa-samTavro-
Si, agreTve, erwos velze ̀ quSaanT goris
samarovanze~. amaze metyvelebs dakrZa-
lvis qristianuli wesi, romelic da-
dasturda.301 iq dakrZalvis socialuri
kuTvnileba eWvs ar iwvevs, rogorc irkve-
va, qristianul ideologias qarTlis
sa mef os ma Ral fe n e bSi c g as C e n ia
dasayrdeni oficialur saxelmwifo re-
ligiad gamocxadebamde~.302
III s-Si, Tuki qarTlis maRal feneb-
Sic ki imdenad iyo fexmokidebuli qris-
tianuli sarwmunoeba, rom maRali wris
axalgazrda (20-22 wlis) qristian qal-
batons didebiT krZalavdnen sagangebo
umdidres akldamaSi, qristianuli yovel-
gvari wesebis dacviT, maSin roca romis
imperiaSi qristianebi katakombebSi imale-
bodnen, Cans, qarTlSi qristianTa ricx-
300 b. diasamiZe, qristes mociqulebi gonio-afsarosSi, r. ramiSvili, biWvintis uZvelesi eklesiebi,qristianuli arqeologiis mesame samedicino koncefcia, 1999, gv. 3, 6; 301 mcxeTa, arqeologiurikvleva-Zie bis Sedegebi; ramin ramiSvili, erwos veli gvian armazul xan aSi, 1973; 302 Zeglismegobari, 1983, #63, gv. 37-38, seria, materialuri kulturis Zeglebi.
96 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
vi ara marto didia, aramed maRali fen-
ac maincdamainc ar krZalavs qristianobas.
mematiane aRniSnavs kidec, rom III s-Si
qarTlis mefe rev marTals saxelmwifo
kultis reformac ki Cautarebia qris-
tianuli moralis Sesabamisad. ufro
metic, arsebobs II-III ss-Ta qristianTa
saflavebis arqeologiuri monapovrebi
TiTqmis mTel saqarTveloSi, maT Soris _
bavSvebisa. saeklesio samarTlis mxriv am
pirvel qristianebs, cxadia, unda hyolo-
daT samRvdeloeba, mRvdlis gareSe ar
moxdeboda naTloba, qristiani ki mxolod
monaTluli adamiani iyo. maSasadame, qris-
tianTa arseboba TavisTavad gulisxmobs
qarTlSi samRvdeloebis arsebobas. ma-
gram iyvnen Tu ara episkoposebi?
nikeamdeli epoqis saeklesio samarT-
lis uZveles Zegls warmoadgens ̀ didaqe~
– `Tormeti mociqulis moZRvreba~,
ganekuTvneba I-II ss-Ta mijnas. masSi
aris ramdenime kanoni saeklesio-iurid-
iuli xasiaTisa (XI -XVI Tav e bSi ) .
`didaqeSi~ ar moixsenebian presviterebi
(mRvdlebi), aramed mxolod episkoposebi
da diakvnebi (maT garda mosiarule mo-
ciqulebi, winaswarmetyvelebi da moZRvre-
bi).303 saqme isaa, rom, rogorc aRiniSna,
uZveles periodSi, swored episkoposebi
iyv n e n momaqcev elebi xalxisa , anu
dRevandeli mniSvnelobiT mRvdlebi. ma-
gram am episkoposebs sruli iurisdiqci-
uli damoukidebloba hqondaT. amis Sesax-
eb TviT `didaqeSia~ miTiTeba XV Tavis
1-el muxlSi. Cven imis Tqma gvsurs,
rom samarTlebrivi damokidebulebis
mxriv, qarTlSi myofi qristianuli Temi-
saTvis, anu pirvelsaukuneTa eklesii-
saTvis saeklesio samarTlis wyaros war-
moadgenda sakuTari episkoposi, im droi-
saTvis igive mRvdeli.
vin adgenda pirvel qristianTa episko-
poss? rogorc aRvniSneT, episkoposi av-
tokefaluri samarTlebrivi subieqti iyo
da mas adgenda TviT konkretuli qris-
tianuli Temis xalxi, ubralo morwmu-
neebi. ̀ didaqes~ aRniSnuli muxli avalde-
bulebs qristianebs: `XV, 1. daadgineT
TqvenTvis episkoposebi da diakvnebi,
Rirsni uflisa, kacni mSvidni da uver-
cxloni, WeSmaritni da gamocdilni, rom
winaswarmetyvelTa da moZRvarTa liturg-
ia amsaxuron maTac Tqven Soris. 2. ar
moiZagoT isini, radganac Tqven mier
winaswarmetyvelTa da moZRvarTa darad
arian pativdebulni~.304
aqedan gamomdinare, I-II ss-Ta da amave
epoqis mcxeTel qristianebs uTuod unda
hyolodaT maT mierve gamorCeuli episko-
posi, mociqulTa swavlis `didaqes~ Se-
sabamisad. es episkoposi iyo TavisTava-
di, ara sxva qalaqis an ucxo qveynis
episkoposis mier gamogzavnili, aramed TviT
morwmuneTa mier gamorCeuli Rirsebebis
gamo (kacni mSvidni, uvercxloni da a.S.).
unda davaskvnaT, rom Tu CvenSi nam-
dvilad iqadages mociqulebma da gaavr-
celes qristianoba, Cvens pirvel qris-
tianebs `didaqes~ mixedviT episkoposebi
Tavdapirveladve hyavdaT, es episkoposebi
ki iyvnen samarTlis wyaro pirveli qris-
tianuli eklesiebisaTvis.
`mociqulTa epoqaSi presviteri xSir-
ad ewodeboda episkoposs da piriqiT,
episkoposi – presviters~.305
presviters uwodebdnen TavianT Tavs
petre (I petre, 5, 1), ioane da sxva
mociqulebi, saeklesio sazogadoebis
303 Â. Öûïèí, Öåðêîâíîå ïðàâî, ñ. 46; 304 moZRvreba Tormeti mociqulisa, jvari vazisa, e. WeliZisTargmani, 1988, #3, gv. 35; 305 saqme mociqulTa, XX, 17-18, 28; I petre 5,2; tite 15,7; I tim. III, 12,7.
97saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saTaveSi mdgomT miemarTebodaT agreTve
sxva saxelwodebebic, magaliTad: ̀ mwyemse-
bi~, `winamZRolni~, `winamZRvarni~.306
xucesisa da episkoposis urTierT-
mimarTebis Sesaxeb werda aseve efrem
mcire, Tavis komentarebSi, romelic
daurTo dionise areopagelis wignebs: -
`Seiswave, viTarmed maSin jereT episko-
posTa mRdel uwodian da mRdelTa
episkopos, rameTu arRa gankuTvnil iyvnes
saxelni ese~.307
maSasadame, aseTi mRvdeli episkopose-
bi (am sityvis Tavdapirveli mniSvnelo-
biT) unda hyolodaT Tavdapirvel mcxe-
Tel qristianebs (II-III ss), erwoelebs
(erwoSic arqeologiuri masalis mixed-
v iT , ars e bobd a qristianT a Te m i ) ,
wilknelebs da sxva mraval daba-sofels,
vidre WiaTuris raionis sofel rganam-
de (arqeologiuri masalis mixedviT aqac
aris aRmoCenili II-III ss-is qristianu-
li samarxebi da naSTebi) da sxvagan.
mociqulTa mier am pirveli episko-
posebisaTvis mocemuli iyo `mociqulTa
kanonebis~ 34-e muxli – `yvela eris
episkoposebma unda icodnen maT Soris
pirveli da Tavi episkoposi da araferi
zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis gareSe,
aramed yoveli maTgani mxolod imas unda
akeTebdes, rac sasargebloa misi eklesi-
isaTvis da misTvis daqvemdebarebuli sof-
lebisaTvis, magram nurc (pirveli) episko-
posi gaakeTebs nurafers sxvebTan SeT-
anxmebis gareSe, vinaidan mxolod ase
aResruleba erTneboba da idideba Rmer-
Ti uflis mier suli wmidiT~.308
rogorc cnobilia, es `mociqulTa
kanonebi~ wmida eklesiaSi gamoCnda IV
s-Si (anda III s-is bolos), anu daax-
loebiT im dros, roca qarTlis samefo
ojaxma oficialurad miiRo qristianu-
li sarwmunoeba da moiqca mTeli qarTveli
eri, es kanonebi avaldebulebda iqamde
qveyanaSi arsebul patar-patara qris-
tianul TemTa mraval episkoposs, imave
mRvdlebs CamoeyalibebinaT saeklesio cen-
tralizebuli eklesia, mtkiced SeekraT
igi TavianT Soris `pirveli~, anu Tavi
episkoposis gamorCeviT. unda vifiqroT,
rom wm. ninos dros antioqiidan Camosu-
li berZeni episkopati albaT am sakiTx-
Si, anu centralizebuli saeklesio or-
ganizaciis SeqmnaSi Tu daexmara adgi-
lobriv axalmoqceul xalxsa da sax-
elmwifos. yovel SemTxvevaSi, msoflio
saeklesio kanonebis mcodneTa Tanaxmad,
im droisaTvis, yvela eris eklesia (IV
s-is dasawyisSi) – avtokefaluri iyo,309
rogorc 34-e kanonic moiTxovs. anu
gaqristianebuli xalxis SigniT myofma
episkoposebma erTmaneTs Soris unda gam-
oirCion pirveli episkoposi da daemor-
Cilon mas. pirveli episkoposi, anu mTa-
varepiskoposi (imJamindeli gagebiT) ar
iniSneba ucxoeTidan, mas adgilze irCeven
da, Sesabamisad, adgilobrivi eklesiis
samarTlis wyaroa sakuTari eklesiis
episkopatisa da `pirvelis~ dadgenile-
bani. aseve unda yofiliyo qarTlis ek-
lesiaSic IV s-is dasawyisSi. TiTqosda,
aseve unda esmodes es sakiTxi ruis-
urbnisis krebis Zegliswerasac, romel-
ic IV s-Si am axal organizebul Tu
centralizebul qarTuli eklesiis pirvel
meTaurs ukve kaTalikoss, anu `say-
ovelTao episkoposs~ uwodebs.
306 wm. klimenti romaeli, Jurn, `gza samefo, danarTi, 1997, #3, gv . 9, Targmani g. zviadaZisa; 307
wm. dionise areopageli, SeniSvn ebi s. enuqaSvilisa, 1961, gv. 261; 308 didi sjuliskanoni, saeklesiokalendari, 1987. gv. 166; 309 Ñ. Òðîèöêèé, Î Öåðêîâíîé àâòîêåôàëèè, ÆÌÏ, 1950, ¹7, ñ. 39; wignSi`saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996, gv . 185-203.
98 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ara marto ruis-urbnisis sakanonm-
deblo kreba, aramed sxva mkvlevarebic
(efrem mcire) IV s-is qarTuli eklesi-
is pirvel meTaurs – kaTalikoss uwode-
ben. ruis-urbnisis wmida kreba brZanebs:
wm. ninom ̀ miizida yoveli savseba yovel-
Ta qarTvelTa naTesavisa sakvirvelT mo-
qmedebiTa niSeb SemosilTa saswaulTaY-
Ta, raJams igi qarTvelTa mefeman mirian
mefeTa Soris didisa konstantinessa miv-
linebiTa da misgan gamoTxoYTa mefobisa
Tvisisa qalaqad mcxeTad STamoiyvana
evstaTi didi saydris mpyrobeli antio-
qielTa eklesiisa da wmidaTa mier xelTa
misTa naTel iRo man da yovelman erman
qarTlisaman, da TviT patriarqTa Soris
saxelganTqmulman evstaTi xeliTa Tvisi-
Ta STadva safuZveli maSin sadme mcxeTas
aRSenebulisa eklesiisaY, romelica fri-
adisa Tana gulmodginebisa ganasrules
ra maT, ganwmida igi da xeldasmulyo mas
Sina episkoposi-kaTolikosi~.310
saerTod, `kaTalikosi~ – mravali
an ramdenime episkoposis sayovelTao,
pirvel aRmatebul an gamorCeul episko-
poss erqva, sityva ̀ kaTalikosi~ TavisTa-
vad gulismobs ramdenime episkoposis
arsebobas am kaTalikosis, anu `say-
ovelTaos~ xelqveviT.
ruis-urbnisis kreba axsenebs kidec
sityvas `yovlisa~. wm. ninom, misi gan-
martebiT, moaqcia ara mxolod aRmosav-
leT saqarTvelos qarTveloba, aramed
srulad saqarTvelos, maT Soris dasav-
leT saqarTvelos qarTvelobac `miizida
yoveli savseba yovlisa qarTvelTa naTe-
savisa~, iseve, rogorc ufro adre, amave
krebis gansazRvrebiT, andria pirvel-
wodebulma gaanaTla ara mxolod dasav-
leT saq arTv elo aramed `yov eli
saqarTvelo~, maT Soris aRmosavleTic
– andria `Cvenamdec moiwia da qadaga
sacxovrebeli qadageba saxarebisa yov-
elsa qveyana saqarTvelosa~.311
amitom, rodesac ̀ Zegliswera~ ambobs,
rom evstaTi antioqielma patriarqma mefe
mirianis dros `xeldasxmulyo episko-
posi-kaTalikosi~, ruis-urbnisis kreba
am kaTalikosis xelqveiT gulisxmobs
sxva episkoposebis arsebobas, romelTa
Sorisac mociqulTa 34-e kanonis Tanax-
mad, erTi `pirveli~, anu sayovelTao
unda iyos, romlis kanonizeba anu kurTx-
eva unebebia antioqiel patriarqs, mniS-
vneloba ara aqvs imas, igi Camoyvanili
iyo Tu mkvidri, eTnikuri qarTveli Tu
ucxoeli. am `kaTalikosis~ xeldasxmu-
loba, ukve TavisTavad gulisxmobda sxva
episkoposebis mier mis aRiarebas, viTarca
maT Soris pirvelsa da sayovelTaos. sxva
sakiTxia is, namdvilad SeiZleboda Tu
ara, rom rqmeoda termini `kaTalikosi~
eklesiis meTaurs IV s-Si.
yovel SemTxvevaSi, imJamindeli msof-
lio saeklesio samarTali moiTxovda
erTi qveynis SigniT myof episkoposebs
gamoerCiaT maT Soris `pirveli~. albaT
am `pirvels~ gulisxmobda ruis-urbni-
sis kreba IV s-Si xeldasxmuli `kaTa-
likosis~ qveS.
karTagenis (419) krebis me-17 mux-
lis Tanaxmad, `TiToeul samTavros, Tu
is Sorsaa, unda hyavdes Tavisi mTavar-
episkoposi~ - e.i. avtokefaluri ierarqi.
saeklesio samarTlis wyaro IV-V ss-
Si, mas Semdeg, rac ukve namdvilad iqna
organizebuli erTiani qarTuli eklesia
samefo saxlisa da saxelmwifos mzrun-
velobiT, ganxiluli gvaqvs, agreTve, aqve
paragrafebSi `kaTalikosi~ da `patriarqi~.
310 didi sjulis kanoni, 1975, gv. 546; 311 iqve, gv. 545.
99saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Cveni naSromis arsidan gamomdinare,
gansakuTrebul yuradRebas mivapyrobT
pirvel saukuneebSi qristianTa mier
krebaTa mowvevis wesebs, `didaqe~, anu
`Tormeti mociqulis moZRvreba~ avalde-
bulebda II-III ss-Ta qristianebs `xSir-
ad erTad Sekrebas~ (`didaqe~, XVI, 2).
gansakuTrebiT ki kvira dRes `uflis
kviradRes SeikribeT, gantexeT puri da
aRavlineT samadlobeli, aRiareT Sec-
odebani, rom wmida iyos msxverpli Tqve-
ni~ (`didaqe~, XVI, 1). swored am Sekrebe-
bis dros unda ̀ daedgina TavisTvis~ qris-
tianul Tems Tavisi axali episkoposi:
`daadgineT TqvenTvis episkoposebi da
diakvnebi, Rirsni uflisa, kacni mSvidni
d a u v e r c xlo n i , W e S m a r i t n i d a
gamocdilni, rom winaswar-metyvelTa da
moZRvarTa liturgia amsaxuron maTac
Tqvens Soris~ (`didaqe~, XV, 1).
sxva saeklesio-sakanonmdeblo Zegli,
`wmida mociqulTa kanonebi~ (amJamad mo-
qmedi saeklesio samarTalia) Tavis 37-e
kanonSi acxadebs: ̀ episkoposTa kreba unda
Sedges weliwadSi orjer~, pirvelad
suliwmidis dResaswaulis dRe ebSi
(meoTxe kviras), meored ki 12 seqtem-
bers.312 Cans, es kanoni moqmedebda III s-
sa da IV s-is dasawyisSi, radganac 325
wels Semdgari pirveli msoflio nikeis
krebis kanonebis mixedviTac aseTive we-
sia dadgenili weliwadSi orjer krebis
mowvevisa, kerZod, me-5 kanonis Tanax-
mad, `TiToeul samTavroSi weliwadSi
orjer Catardes episkoposTa kreba~.313
e s kanon e b i , cxadia , Se exe boda
saqarTveloSi arsebul qristianul Te-
mebsac, rogorc aRiniSna, saqarTveloSi
mociqulTa droidan qristianuli Teme-
bis arse bobis Sesaxeb migv iTiTebs,
rogorc werilobiTi wyaroebi, ise ar-
qeologiuri aRmoCenebi.314
nikeis zemoT aRniSnuli I msoflio
krebis me-4 kanoni romis imperiis Sig-
n i T a r s e b ul i p r o v i n c i i s ( a n u
ZvelqarTulad - `samTavros~) avtoke-
faluroba - TavisTavadobas warmoaCens.
am kanonis ZaliT ̀ episkoposi unda daadg-
inos samTavros yvela episkoposma... am
qmedebas sabolood amtkicebs samTavros
mitropoliti~.315
samTavroSi, anu provinciaSi (sax-
elmwifo administraciul erTeulSi) Tu
arsebobda ori an meti episkoposi, maT
Soris upiratesoba unda miniWeboda
samTavros dedaqalaqSi mjdoms (aqedanaa
`mitropolitis~ wode ba ) , romelic
damoukidebeli, avtokefaluri mmarTve-
lia. karTagenis saeklesio krebis kanon-
ebis IV, 12 muxlis Tanaxmad samTavros
episkoposs gangeb ar unda gaeyo Tavisi
samTavro or saepiskoposo nawilad (saero
xelisufalTa daxmarebiT), raTa TviTon
mieRo mitropolitis pativi, e.i. mis xe-
lqveiT xelovnurad ar unda aRmoCenil-
iyo ramdenime episkoposi,316 e.i. samit-
ropolito erTeulebis gazrda SeizRu-
da. romis imperiis provinciaTa eklesie-
bi erTmaneTis mimarT avtokefalurni iyvnen
da rogorc qvemoT aRvniSnavT, maTi ricxvi
asobiT iyo (am sakiTxs eZRvneba sagange-
bo statia ̀ qarTuli eklesiis uflebrivi
mdgomareobis Sesaxeb IV s-Si~).317
IV s-is dasawyisidanve, rogorc cno-
bilia, TandaTanobiT daiwyo Semcireba
avtokefaluri eklesiebis ricxvma, ma-
312 saq . ekl. kalendari, 1987, gv. 167; 313 iqve , gv. 179; 314 a. jafariZe, saqarTvelos samociquloeklesiis istoria, t. 1, 1996, gv. 127-143; 315 saq . ekl. kalendari, 1987, gv. 178; 316 iqve, gv. 492;317 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesia, t. 1, 1996, gv. 185-204; 318 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari,1987, gv. 493.
100 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
gram eklesiaTa (provinciaTa eklesiebis
e.w. `samTavroebis~) avtokefalias umt-
kicesad icavda msoflio krebebi, es gan-
sakuTrebiT gamoikveTa III msoflio kre-
bis me-8 kanonSi da ufro adre ki II
msoflio krebis me-2 kanonSi. Tumca TviT
I msoflio krebis me-6 kanonma daadas-
tura faqti imisa, rom imperiis udide-
si (saimperio) dedaqalaqebis garSemo
myofi eklesiebi ukve damorCilebulni
iyvnen dedaqalaqeli episkoposis xelisu-
flebas (aseT dedaqalaqebad aRiarebul
iqnen romi, aleqsandria da antioqia).
imave faqts aRiarebda laodikiis krebis
57-e kanoni ̀ mcire qalaqebis episkoposebi
d amo kid e b uln i u nd a i y v n e n d id i
dedaqalaqebis episkoposebze~.318
II msoflio krebis me-2 kanonma pirda-
pir aukrZala aleqsandriisa da antio-
qiis episkoposebs kidev ufro metad
gaefarToebinaT TavianTi xelisufleba
mcire saepiskoposo erTeulebis avtoke-
faliis gauqmebis xarjze, kerZod, swored
antioqiis Zlieri eklesiis gavlenis ga-
farToebis Sesaneleblad krebam xazgas-
miT cno pontos, asiisa da Trakiis uam-
ravi episkoposis TviTmmarTveloba _ av-
tokefalia. kerZod, kanonSi aRniSnulia:
`eklesiaTa keTilad gangebisa da mSvi-
dobisaTvis arc erT episkoposs ara aqvs
ufle b a g asc de s Ta v i si e kle si is
sazRvrebs da SeiWras sxva eklesiis
sazRvrebSi, raTa ar moaxdinos eklesiebis
aRreva. kanonTa Tanaxmad, aleqsandriis
episkoposi unda ganagebdes mxolod egvip-
tis eklesiebs, aRmosavleTis episkoposebi
unda ganagebdnen mxolod aRmosavleTis
eklesiebs. daculi unda iyos nikeis kanon-
ebiT dawesebuli pativi antioqiis ek-
lesiisa. asiis soflebis episkoposebi
unda ganagebdnen mxolod asiis eklesie-
bs, pontoeli episkoposebi unda mar-
Tavdnen mxolod pontos eklesiebs, xolo
Trakiis episkoposebi mxolod Trakiis
eklesiebs. episkoposi ar unda gavides
Tavis samrevlo eklesiis farglebidan
xeldasxmisaTvis, an sxva raime saekle-
sio gangebisaTvis mowodebis an miwvevis
gareSe, TiToeul samTavros (eparqias)
ganagebs amave samTavros kreba nikeaSi
gansazRvruli kanonis Tanaxmad, xolo
warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo tom-
Ta eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa mier
dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~.319
II msoflio krebis kanon i (me-2)
adasturebs, rom romis imperiaSi yve-
la samTavros (provinciis) eklesia
(eparqia) iyo avtokefaluri, garda ram-
denime dedaqalaqis garSemo myofi ek-
lesiisa. swored ase esmis es sakiTxi
udides kanonists Teodor balsamons,
igi werda II msoflio krebis me-2 kano-
nis ganmartebisas: `miaqcie yuradRe-
ba, rom am kanonis Tanaxmad provin-
ciebis eklesiebis yvela mitropoliti
avtokefaluri iyo da xeldasxmuli
iyo Tavis krebis mier~. 32 0
balsamoni amasTan dakavSirebiT wer-
da : (D lht dyjcnb d ct vbnhjgjkbns
tgfh[bb ,skb ytpfdbcbvs (fdnjrtafkm-
ws ) b herjgjkf u f tvs ,skb cdjqvb
cj,cndtyysvb cj,jhfvb)&32 1
balsamonis azriT, im droisaTvis
(igulisxmeba IV s-is 80-iani wlebam-
de) romis imperiaSi 100-ze meti av-
tokefaluri eklesia arsebobda, rad-
ganac yvela provinciis eklesia av-
tokefaluri iyo. 32 0
319 II ms. krebis me-2 kanoni, saq . eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 210; 320 C& nhjbwrbq^ J Wthrjdyjqfdnjrtafkbb^ :VG^ 1950^ +7^ c& 39$ 321 Ghfdbkf cdzns[ dctktycrb[ Cj,jhjd c njkrjdfybzvb^ x& 1 ^ V&1877 ^ c& 85^ 87&
101saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis
Sesaxeb Teodore balsamoni swored II
msoflio krebis me-2 kanonis ganmarteb-
isas wers (swored es kanoni miaCnda mas
eklesiaTa avtokefalurobis uflebis
erT-erT uZ v eles safuZ vlad) : `nu
gaikvirveb, Tu sxva eklesiebsac ipovi
avtokefalurad, rogorc bulgareTis ek-
lesias, kviprosisa da iberiisas. bulg-
areTis arqiepiskoposi - pativSi aiyva-
na iustiniane mefem. . . kviprosis ar-
qiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana III msof-
lio krebam, xolo iberiis episkoposi
pativSi aiyvana antioqiis krebis dad-
genilebam. amboben, rom maSin rodesac
RvTaebrivi qalaqis didi antioqiis uw-
mides patriarqad iyo ufali petre,
gamotanil iqna krebis dadgenileba, rom
iqnes Tavisufali da avtokefaluri
eklesia iberiisa, romelic eqvemdebare-
boda antioqiis patriarqs~. 32 2
amave cnobas TiTqmis ucvlelad ime-
orebs XIV s-is didi kanonisti maTe
blastari: - `Semdegi eklesiebi ar eqvem-
debarebian arc erT patriarqs: bulga-
reTis eklesia, romelsac pativi mianiWa
iustiniane mefem, rogorc es cnobilia
xsenebuli novelebidan, kviprosis ekle-
sia, amas pativi mianiWa III da VI kre-
bam, iberielTa eklesia, romelsac pa-
tivi mieniWa antioqiis krebis dadge-
nilebiT (winaT is antioqias eqvemde-
bareboda), maTi mRvdelmTavrebi, Cveu-
le briv, xelT-isxme bodnen sakuTari
episkoposebisagan~.32 3
1185-91 wlebSi antioqiis patriarqad
arCeuli, ufro adre ki konstantinopo-
lis patriarqis mTavari iuridiuli
mrCeveli, Teodore balsamoni, rogorc
fiqroben, antioqiis patriarq petres qveS,
romelmac TiTqosda antioqiis krebis dad-
genilebiT iberiis eklesias avtokefa-
lia mianiWa, gulisxmobda petre III-s
(1053-1057), Tumca sxvebi am petres
aigive ben antioqiis patriarq petre
mkawvralTan, rac saeWvoa (es petre
mkawvreli, igive fuloni, monofizito-
bis erT-erTi eresiarqi, gansakuTrebiT
sZuldaT Zvel saqarTveloSi da miiC-
nevdnen, rom igi qarTlis mTavarepisko-
posma miqaelma, sxva qarTvel episko-
posebTan erTad Caqola somxeT-saqarTve-
los sazRvarTan). ramdenad sworad gad-
moscems balsamoni qarTuli eklesiisaTvis
avtokefaliis miniWebis ambebs, ueWve-
lia Tu ara misi cnobebi? am mxriv Sei-
Zleba gamogvadges balsamonis amave cnoba-
Si moTxrobili magaliTi kviprosis ek-
lesiisa. balsamonis mtkicebiT, kvipro-
sis eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa III msof-
lio krebam. magram, rogorc sayovelTaodaa
cnobili, kviprosis eklesias III msof-
lio krebam avtokefalia ki ar mianiWa,
aramed piriqiT, misi ZvelTaganve arse-
buli avtokefalia daicva! cxadia, es
momenti cnobilia balsamonisTvis da
amitomac mohyavs mas kviprosis avtoke-
faliis magaliTi II msoflio krebis me-
2 kanonis ganxilvisas, romlis mixedvi-
Tac romis imperiis provinciebis eklesie-
bi avtokefalurebi iyvnen.
r o gorc c n o b il i a , 3 8 1 w el s
kviproselma episkoposebma efesos III
msoflio krebas warudgines sityvieri
da werilobiTi saCivari imis Sesaxeb,
rom antioqiis episkoposi moqmedebda
saeklesio wesTa da wmida mamebis kano-
nis sawinaaRmdegod, rodesac bedavda
kviprosze xeldasxmas. `krebis ganCineb-
is Tanaxmad kviprosel episkoposebs
322 georgika, t. VIII , 1970, gv. 18; 323 georgika, t. VIII, gv. 120.
102 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saeklesio kanonebisamebr TviT unda hqon-
deT Tavisive episkoposebis xeldasxmis
ufleba. es wesi Seucvlelad unda iyos
daculi sxva gansagebelTa (olqTa) da
eparqiaTa mimarTac. nurc erTi episko-
posi nu miitacebs sxva eparqias, romelic
Tavidanve da ZvelTaganve ar emorCile-
boda mas da ar iyo mis winamorbed say-
dris mpyrobelTa gamgeblobis qveS. xolo
Tu vinme miitacebs da daimorCilebs sx-
vis eparqias iZulebiT, igi unda gan-
Tavisufldes, raTa ar dairRves mamaTa
kanoni da mRvdelmTavrobaSi Tavi ar unda
iCinos saero mTavrobismoyvareobis am-
partavnebam da medidurobam. wmida msof-
lio krebam daadgina agreTve, rom Ti-
Toeulma eparqiam wmidad daicvas Zveli
Cveuleba da wesi. TiToeulma mitro-
politma unda waiRos am kanonis asli
Tavis simtkicisaTvis. Tu vinme am dad-
genilebis sawinaaRmdego wess SemoiRebs,
msoflio kreba mas daumtkiceblad CaTv-
lis da mas ar eqneba Zala~.324
msoflio krebis am kanonidan naT-
lad Cans, rom IV s-is miwurulsac ki
wmida sayovelTao eklesia moiTxovda
mtkiced yofiliyo daculi samitropoli-
toTa (gansagebelTa, samTavroTa, epar-
qiaTa) avtokefalia, kerZod, kreba moiTx-
ovda Seuryeveli yofiliyo am avtoke-
faliaTa safuZveli. esaa `Zvel Cveule-
baTa wesis~ ucvleloba, `mamaTa kanon-
ebis~ urRveoba. ra iyo `Zveli Cveuleba
da wesi~, ras iTxovda `mamaTa kanoni~? -
es iyo provinciaTa eklesiebis avtoke-
falurobis dacva, rom `TiToeul provin-
cias (samTavros) ganagebdes amave samTavros
kreba nikeaSi gansazRvruli kanonis Tanax-
mad. xolo warmarTTa Soris arsebuli
ucxo tomTa eklesiebi ganagon mamaTa mier
dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~ (II
msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni).
balsamonma, rogorc aRvniSneT, kar-
gad icis, rom kviprosis eklesia, romel-
ic TviT mociqulTa dros daarsda,
Tavidanve avtokefaluri iyo. magram, rad-
ganac misi avtokefalia daicva III msof-
lio krebam, amitomac moixseniebs am
krebas: ̀ kviprosis arqiepiskoposi pativSi
aiyvana III krebam~, e .i. ukve avtoke-
faluri kviprosis eklesiis saarqiepisko-
poso pativi aRiara, daicva da daamtki-
ca III msoflio krebam.
aqedan gamomdinare, msgavsadve, bal-
samonis mier naTqvami, rom `iberiis ar-
qiepiskoposi pativSi aiyvana antioqiis
krebis dadgenilebam~ ar unda gavigoT
ise, TiTqosda antioqiis krebam petres
patriarqobis dros V Tu XI s-Si av-
tokefalia mianiWa qarTul eklesias,
aramed, iseve rogorc kviprosis ekle-
sia iyo damoukidebeli, xolo III msof-
lio krebam daicva es avtokefalia, aseve
qarTuli eklesia aRniSnul petremdec
iyo avtokefaluri da petres dros an-
tioqiis krebam cno, anda daicva ukve
arsebuli avtokefalia. marTlac, ase Cans
`giorgi mTawmidelis cxovrebidanac~:
antioqiis patriarqs petre III-s moax-
senes bizantielebma qarTuli eklesiis
sruli avtokefaliis Sesaxeb: `meufeo,
eklesiani da mRvdelmTavarni qarTlisani
ara romlisa patriarqisa xelmwifebasa
queSe arian da yovelni saeklesioni wesni
maT mier ganegebian da TviT daisumen
kaTalikosTa da episkoposTa, da ara
samarTal ars ese, rameTu aTormetTa
mociqulTagan aravin misrul ars qveya-
324 III msoflio krebis me-8 kanoni, saq. eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 251; 325 giorgi mcire, cxovrebagiorgi mTawmidelisa, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, 1967, wigni II, gv. 152.
103saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
nasa maTsa da jer ars, raTa qalaqsa
amas RvTisasa (e.i. antioqias) da say-
darTa mociqulTa Tavisasa daemorCil-
nen da amissa xelmwifebasa qveSe iyvnen.
rameTu naTesavni ars umecari da samw-
ysoY mcire da Cuenda maxlobel arian da
jer ars, raTa xelmwifebasa queSe antio-
qieli patriarqisasa imwyemsebodin da
ikurTxebodes kaTalikozi maTi da viyv-
neT Cven erT samwyso da erT mwyems~.325
aqedan Cans, rom balsamonis mier
naxseneb `antioqiis krebis dadgenile-
bamde~, romelmac TiTqosda XI s-Si
qarTul eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa,
qarTuli eklesia didi xnis avtoke-
faluri iyo, kerZod:
1. misi episkoposebi ar emorCile-
bodnen ucxoeTis arc erT patriarqs
(rogorc zemoT moyvanilidan Cans).
2. yoveli adgilobrivi saeklesio
wesi saqarTveloSive `ganegeba~.
3 . saqarTvelos eklesiaSi `TviT
daisumen kaTalikosTa da episkoposTa~.
e.i. qarTul eklesias aqvs sruli
damoukidebloba, magram antioqielTa
TvalsazrisiT, saeklesio samarTali am
faqtis arsebobiT darRveulia _ `ara
samarTal ars ese~ ratom? imitom, rom
`aTormetTa mociqulTagan aravin mis-
rul ars qveyanasa maTsa~. maSasadame,
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalia mxolod
im SemTxvevaSi CaiTvleboda samarTlebri-
vad, mociquls rom daearsebina es ek-
lesia (esaa antioqielTa da, saerTod,
VI-XI ss-is saeklesio Tvalsazrisi).
aqedan Cans, Tu ra cvlilebebi gan-
icada saeklesio praqtikam avtokefali-
is Teoriis Sesaxeb IV s-dan XI s-mde,
kerZod, Tuki IV s-Si TviT umciresi
provinciebis avtokefalia yovelgvari
wina pirobis gareSe samarTlebriv mov-
lenad iTvleboda da amitomac mas mkac-
rad icavda pirveli msoflio krebebi,
XI s-saTvis avtokefalurobis safuZv-
lad ukve miiCneva Tormet mociqulTa-
gan romelimes mier mocemuli eklesiis
dafuZneba. amitomac, antioqiis krebisa
da patriarqis winaSe misul wm. giorgi
mTawmidels unda gaebaTilebina misi ek-
lesiis winaSe wamoyenebuli braldeba _
`mociqulTagan aravin misrul ars qvey-
anasa maTsa~.326 Tuki giorgi mTawmideli
daamtkicebda, rom mociqulebma daafuZnes
saqarTvelos eklesia, es iqneboda qarTu-
li eklesiis avtokefaliis samarTlebrivi
safuZveli. marTlac, giorgi mTawmidelma
moiTxova wigni `mimosvlaY andria mo-
ciqulisa~, romelSic aRwerili iyo mo-
ciqulTa saqarTveloSi qadageba, maSas-
adame, es iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis av-
tokefaliis samarTlebrivi safuZveli XI
s-Si, amiT gamZlavrebulma giorgi mTaw-
midelma pasuxad moaxsena krebas da pa-
triarqs `wmidao meufeo, Sen ityvi vi-
Tarmed Tavisa mis mociqulTaYsa petres
saydarsa vzio, xolo Cven pirvelwode-
bulisa da Zmisa Tvisisa mwodebelisa
nawilni varT da samwysoni da mis mier
moqceulni da ganaTlebulni. da erTi
wmidaTa aTormetTa mociqulTagani, si-
mons vityvi kananelsa, qveyanasa Cvensa
damarxul ars afxazeTs, romelsa ni-
kofsi ewodebis. amaT wmidaTa mociqul-
Ta ganaTlebulni varT da vinaYTgan erTi
RmerTi gvicnobies arRara uar-gviyofies
da arca odes wvalebisa mimarT midrekil
ars naTesavi Cveni. da yovelTa uaris
myofelTa da mwvalebelTa SevaCvenebT
326 giorgi mcire, cxovreba giorgi mTawmidelisa, Z veli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturisZeglebi, 1967, wigni II , gv. 153.
104 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
da vswyvetT. amas safuZvelsa zeda mar-
Tlmadideblobisasa da mcnebaTa da qad-
agebaTa zeda wmidaTa maT mociqulTasa
mtkice varT~.327
imJamindeli saeklesio samarTlis
mixedviT, Tuki mociqulis mier iyo
dafuZnebuli romelime eklesia, mis me-
Taurebs ufleba hqondaT ar damorCile-
bodnen ucxo sapatriarqoebs, da TviTve
ganegoT yovelive saeklesio wesi, daes-
vaT TavianTi eklesiis meTaurebi da
ekurTxebinaT episkoposebi sxva sapatri-
arqoTa Caurevlad. rogorc aRiniSna,
amitomac uTxra kidec petre III-m gior-
gi mTawmidels - `jer ars romel ekle-
siani da mRvdelT-mTavarni Tqvenni xel-
sa qveSe samociquloYsa amis saydrisa
imwyemsebodin... viTarmed Tvinier samo-
ciquloYsa kanonisa TviT imwysian da
mociqulTagani aravin mosrul ars qvey-
anasa maTsa~.328
rogorc vxedavT, antioqiis sapatri-
arqoSi aravis uxsenebia, rom avtoke-
faliis safuZveli SeiZleboda yofil-
iyo romelime zemdgomi, e .w. `dedaek-
lesiis~ mier Tavisi nawilisaTvis av-
tokefaliis miniWeba. aseTi gageba av-
tokefaliisa, imJamad, arc ki arsebobda
(Cvens droSi, XX s-Si ki, rogorc cno-
bilia, swored zemoaRniSnuli wesi mi-
iCneva umTavres safuZvlad eklesiaTa
avtokefalurobisa, magaliTad, ruseTis
eklesias avtokefalia dedaeklesiam -
konstantinopolma mianiWa da aseve sxva
e.w. axal marTlmadideblur eklesiebs
(serbeTis, rumineTis, bulgareTis, polo-
neTis, CexeTisa da sxv.).
CvenTvis gansakuTrebiTaa mniSvnelo-
vani is, rom amJamadac ki e.i. XX s-is
bolosa da XXI s-is dasawyisSi kvipro-
sis eklesia Tavis Tavs avtokefalurad
miiCnevs ara III msoflio krebis droidan,
aramed mociqulTa droidan. saeklesio
samarTlis mkvlevari k. skurati wers:
(Jgbhf zc m yf c djt fg jc nj kmcr jt
ghjbc[j;ltybt Rbghcrfz Wthrjdm c lht-
dyb[ gjh ghbpyfdfkf ct,z fdnjrtafk-
myjq).329 am mizeziT mociqulebrivi war-
moSobis sxva eklesiebic TavianT Tavs,
amJamadac, uZvelesi droidanve avtoke-
falurad miiCneven.
Zvelad avtokefaliis miniWeba SeeZ-
lo imperatorsac, rogorc magaliTad,
balsamonis da blastaris cnobiT, ius-
tinianem mianiWa bulgareTs, anda msof-
lio krebis gadawyvetilebas, rogorc
III msoflio krebam mianiWa avtokefalia
kvipross. magram, rogorc ganxiluli
gvqonda, avtokefalia kvipross III msof-
lio krebamde hqonda, am krebam mxolod
daicva misi avtokefalia. aseve unda
vifiqroT, rom balsamonis mier naxsenebma
antioqiis patriarqma petrem qarTul ek-
lesias avtokefalia ki ar mianiWa, aramed
darwmunda qarTuli eklesiis avtokefali-
is samarTlebriv uflebebSi, radganac
giorgi mTawmidelis mtkicebani irwmuna
da mociqulTa mier daarsebulad, anu
`samociqulo eklesiad~ aRiara qarTu-
li eklesia. antioqiis patriarq petre
fulons (mkawvrals) V s-Si rom mieni-
Webina avtokefalia qarTuli eklesii-
saTvis, antioqiisave patriarq petre III-s
da mis mrCevlebs ecodinebodaT amis
Sesaxeb, amitomac giorgi mTawmidels
ganucxadebda ara imas, rom mociqulTa-
gans aravis uqadagia Tqvens qveyanaSio,
aramed etyoda _ petre fulonamde
saqarTvelos eklesia nawili iyo antio-
qiis sapatriarqosi, Zveleburi wesi ki
327 iqve, gv. 153; 328 iqve, gv. 154; 329 Ê. Ñêóðàò, Èñòîðèÿ Ïîìåñòíûõ Ïðàâîñëàâíûõ Öåðêâåé, Ì. 1994, ñ. 10.
105saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
unda aRvadginoT da iseve unda dagvemor-
CiloT, rogorc winaT gvemorCilebodi-
To. petre III da misi momdevno patri-
arqi Teodosi arafers msgavss ar acxa-
debdnen. Tavis mxriv, arc giorgi mTaw-
midelma gaixsena, rom evstaTi antio-
qielma akurTxa pirveli episkoposi da
amiT TiTqosda antioqiis iurisdiqciaSi
IV s-danve moeqca qarTuli eklesia, arc
is gauxsenebia, rom TiTqosda V s-Si
petre fulonma mianiWa avtokefalia
qarTul eklesias. mravali misioneri moR-
vaweobda III-IV ss-Si da afuZnebdnen
axal da axal eklesiebs warmarTTa
Soris, magram es iuridiul daqvemde-
barebas ar iwvevda, radganac II-IV ss-
Si yvela provinciis, anu samTavros ek-
lesia avtokefaluri iyo, vis mierac ar
unda yofiliyo igi dafuZnebuli. es icoda
giorgi mTawmidelma da arc CaTvala
saWirod xseneba am movlenebisa. misi
Tvalsazrisi qarTuli eklesiis avtoke-
faliis safuZveli sul sxva iyo – ker-
Zod, qarTuli eklesia dafuZnebulia
mociqulTa mier, maSasadame, igi avtoke-
faluria mociqulTa droidanve. misi av-
tokefaliis es ufleba SeubRalavia, im-
denad, rom TviTonve SeuZlia antioqiis
sapatriarqos msgavsad, sxva eklesias
ganucxados pretenziebi. Tuki andria mo-
ciqulma miiyvana Tavisi Zma petre ieso
qristesTan, e .w. Tavis Zmas mouwoda
amisken, aqedan gamomdinare, `Svenis es-
reT, raTa wodebuli igi mwodebelsa mas
daemorCilos, rameTu petresi (e.i. an-
tioqiis saydris damfuZnebeli mociqu-
li ) je r ars, raT a da e mo rCilos
mwodebels Tavisa da Zmasa andrias
(qarTuli eklesiis damfuZnebels) da
raYTa Tqven Cven dagvemorCilneT.330
aqedan Cans, rom: 1. giorgi mTaw-
midels saqarTvelosa da antioqiis ek-
lesiebi Tanabari uflebebis mqone TavisTa-
vad eklesiebad miaCnia; 2. igi ar cnobs
antioqiis saydrisadmi qarTuli eklesi-
is daqvemdebarebas arc erT droSi, arc
wina saukuneebSi da arc mis dros.
rogorc aRiniSna, giorgi mTawmidelis
TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelos eklesia av-
tokefaluri iyo mociqulTa droidanve,
e.i. I-II ss-dan (ixile amis Sesaxeb sa-
gangebo gamokvleva: `Teoriebi qarTuli
eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb~).331
giorgi mTawmidelis TvalsazrisiT,
saqarTvelos eklesia avtokefaluri, mar-
Tlmadidebluri da TavisTavadi iyo mo-
mdevno saukuneebSic, magaliTad, VIII
s-Si. _ igi ambobs `iyo Jami, romel
yovelsa saberZneTsa Sina marTlmadide-
blobaY ara ipoeboda da iovane guTel
episkoposi mcxeTas ikurTxa episkoposad,
viTarca sweria didsa svinaqsarsa~.
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, IV s-Si an-
tioqiel patriarqs evstaTis marTlac
rom ekurTxebina qarTveli episkoposi,
es ar gamoiwvevda qarTlis eklesiis
daqvemdebarebas antioqiisadmi, iseve ,
rogorc ioane guTelis mcxeTaSi kurTx-
evis Semdeg guTeTis eklesia ar Sevida
qarTlis eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi. Tum-
ca, isic unda iTqvas, rom Tuki IV s-Si
imperiis provinciaTa umravlesoba av-
tokefaluri iyo, VI s-is Semdeg maTi
ricxvi mkveTrad Semcirda didi eklesiebis
sasargeblod, ase rom, VIII s-Si SeeZ-
lo kidec zemoaRniSnuli kurTxevis gamo
qarTul eklesias pretenziebi ganecxa-
debina guTeTis eklesiis mimarT.
330 giorgi mcire, cxovreba giorgi mTawmidelisa, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi,1967, wigni II, gv. 154; 331 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996, gv. 315-325;
106 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
Cven unda davubrundeT balsamonis
zemoaRniSnul cnobas qarTuli eklesi-
is Sesaxeb, romelic erTvis II msoflio
krebis me-2 kanonis komentars, balsamons,
eklesiaTa avtokefaliis safuZvlad
swored es kanoni miaCnda da miiCnevda,
rom qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliac am
kanonTan aris SesabamisobaSi. es kanoni
(II msoflio krebis me-2 kanoni) sagange-
bod Seexo romis imperiis sazRvrebs
gareT `warmarTTa Soris arsebul ucxo
tomTa eklesiebs~ da scno maTi sruli
TavisTavadoba _ avtokefalia. qarTuli
eklesia berZnebisa da romaelebisaTvis
_ `warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo
tomis eklesia~ iyo. aRniSnuli kanoni
moiTxovda ara mis daqvemdebarebas im-
periis romelime eklesiisadmi, aramed
aZlevda TviTmwysobis Semdeg kanons:
`xolo warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo
tomTa eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa
mier dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixed-
viT~ (II ms. kreba, me-2 kanoni).332
maSasadame, am kanonis ZaliT, II msof-
lio krebis xanaSi IV s-is 80-iani wleb-
isaTvis saqarTvelos eklesia imarTebo-
da iseve, rogorc imperiis avtokefalur
provinciaTa eklesiebi, kerZod, ̀ TiToeul
samTavros ( ep arqias) gan agebs amav e
samTavros kreba nikeaSi gansazRvruli
kanonis Tanaxmad~ (II ms. kreba, me-2
kan.), xolo imperiis sazRvrebs gareT
myof eklesiebs ufro meti avtokefali-
is ufleba aqvT, amis Sesaxeb Cven ze-
moT visaubreT, mamaTa mier dawesebul
Zvel kanonTa Soris igulisxmeboda mo-
ciqulTa kanonebis 34-e muxli, romel-
ic yvela eTnosis (naTesavis, eris, impe-
riaSi `provinciis~) eklesias aniWebs
avtokefaliis uflebas - `yvela eris
episkoposebma unda icodnen maT Soris
pirveli da Tavi episkoposi da araferi
zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis gareSe,
aramed yoveli maTgani mxolod imas unda
akeTebdes, rac sasargebloa misi eklesi-
isaTvis da misTvis daqvemdebarebuli sof-
lebisaTvis. magram nurc pirveli episko-
posi nu gaakeTebs nurafers sxvebTan
SeTanxmebis gareSe, vinaidan, mxolod ase
SeiZleba aResrulos erTneboba da idi-
dos RmerTi uflis mier suliwmidiT~.333
ai, am kanoniT imarTeboda saqarTve-
los eklesia, vidre XIX s-mde, es kano-
ni iyo misi TavisTavadobis safuZveli,
msoflio krebebi ki ar arRvevdnen am
kanons, aramed amtkicebdnen mas, rogorc
igi ganamtkica nikeis krebam Tavis me-4,
II msoflio krebam me-2, III msoflio
krebam me-8 kanonebiT.
am kanonis ZaliT, yvela xalxis ek-
lesias Zvelad ufleba hqonda avtoke-
faliisa, da iyvnen kidec I-III ss-Si
gaqristianebuli eTnosebis eklesiebi av-
tokefalurni, rogorc romis imperiaSi,
ise mis farglebs gareT. SemdgomSi IV
s-is dasawyisSi romis imperiaSi am eT-
nosebis gansaxlebis sazRvrebs Tan daamTx-
vies provinciaTa sazRvrebi, amitomac pro-
vinciaTa eklesiebic avtokefalurni iyvnen
(igulisxmeba IV s-is dasawyisi), imperi-
is sazRvrebs gareT ki eklesiaTa av-
tokefalia ̀ mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli
kanonebiT~ ganisazRvreboda.
rogorc cnobilia, V s-is avtors
gelasi kvizikels aqvs cnoba imis Sesaxeb,
rom pirveli q arTveli e piskoposi
akurTxa konstantinopolis patriarqma.
am cnobasTan dakavSirebiT Tavis mo-
332 saq . ekl. kalendari, 1987, gv. 211; 333 wmida mociqulTa kanonebi, kan. 34, saq. ekl. kalendari,1987, gv. 166.
107saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
sazrebebi aqvs m. TarxniSvils da sxva
avtorebs. rogorc cnobilia, IV msof-
lio krebis dadgenilebiT gauqmebuli iqna
pontos, asiisa da Trakiis provinciaTa
eklesiebis damoukidebloba da isini
moeqcnen konstantinopolis eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi. am momentma antioqia
Zalze gaaRiziana, radganac, rogorc
aRiniSna, igi pontosa da asiis eklesie-
bze Tavis pretenzias acxadebda. saer-
Tod, rogorc romis, ise antioqiisa da
aleqsandriis eklesiebisaTvis konstan-
tinopolis eklesiis uswrafesi aRzeve-
ba Tavdapirvelad miuRebeli iyo.334 aman
asaxva pova aRmosavleTis eklesiaTa sa-
marTlebriv literaturaSi, magaliTad,
somexi saeklesio avtorebi V-X ss-sa,
am moments gansakuTrebiT aRniSnavdnen.
maTi azriT, konstantinopolis eklesia
ar iyo daarsebuli mociqulis mier, mas
ar gaaCnda saeklesio warsuli. maSasa-
dame , TviTon mas esaWiroeboda ucxo
eklesiaTa dasturi Tavisi saeklesio
uflebamosilebaTa gansaxorcieleblad.
Tavis mxriv, konstantinopoleli avtore-
bi yovelmxriv cdilobdnen warmoeCinaT
am axali eklesiis avtoriteti da ufle-
b amos ile b a . a mi T u nd a yo f il iyo
gamowveuli gelasi kvizikelis cnoba
imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqosda pirveli
ganman aTleblebi saqarTveloSi ( ig -
ulisxmeba wm. ninosa da wm. mirianis
dros) gamogzavna aleqsandre konstan-
tinopolelma episkoposma.335
miRebulia, rom gelasi kvizikelis
(475 wlis axlo xanebSi) saeklesio is-
toriaSi SemorCenilia fragmentebi ufro
Zveli avtoris gelasi kesarielis (367-
395) naSromidan da cnoba aleqsandre
konstantinopolelis mier iberiaSi gan-
manaTlebelTa gagzavnis Sesaxeb mas unda
ekuTvnodes. Cveni azriT, V s-Si, imis
mere, rac konstantinopolelma 451 wels
oficialurad SeierTa pontos, asiis da
Trakiis iqamde avtokefaluri eklesie-
bi, warmoiSva idea, rom pontos iqiTa
qveynebic, anu iberiis eklesiac konstan-
tinopols damorCileboda, amitomac cnoba
aleqsandre konstantinopolelis (314-
337) Sesaxeb unda mivakuTvnoT V s-is,
swored gelasi kvizikelis xanas, anu V
s-is 70-80-ian wlebs. am wlebSi qarTulma
eklesiam marTlac gamoamJRavna survili,
hqonoda mkveTrad gamoxatuli proberZnu-
li, anu am SemTxvevaSi, prokonstanti-
nopoluri orientacia da axali ierar-
qiac ki miiRo misgan kaTalikos petres
meTaurobiT. am movlenam albaT asaxva
pova gelasi kvizikelis wyaroSi. m. Tarx-
niSvilis azriT, `dabejiTebiT ver vi-
tyviT istoriul safuZvels eyrdnoba es
cnoba, Tu masSi mxolod is faqtia asax-
uli, rom am dros episkoposis Tanamde-
boba bizantiaSi aleqsandres (314-337)
ekava. yovel SemTxvevaSi, konstantinop-
olis eklesiis Semdgomi monawileoba
qarTuli eklesiis kanonikuri saxis
CamoyalibebaSi dokumentebiT damtkice-
buli ar aris~.336
ase rom, konstantinopolisadmi
qarTuli eklesiis kanonikuri damokide-
buleba dokumentebiT ar mtkicdeba. rac
Seexeba antioqias, igi Tavis daqvemde-
barebis qveS gulisxmobda ara kavkasiur
qveynebs, aramed imperiaSi Semaval aR-
mosavlur provinciebs, imperiis mTel
aRmosavleT nawils SuamdinareTis CaTv-
liT. aseTi Sexeduleba, romelsac qve-
334 Rfhnfitd^ Dctktycrbt Cj,jhs^ 1963 ^ c& 412 -422 $ 335 m. TarxniSvili, saqarTvelos eklesiisavtokefaliis warmoqmna da gan viTareba, werilebi, 1994, gv. 133; 336 m. TarxniSvili, saqarTveloseklesiis avtokefaliis warmoqmn a da ganviTareba, werilebi, 1994 , gv. 134.
108 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
moT ufro farTod ganvixilavT, IV s-is
dasawyisSi, romis imperiis `axal admin-
istraciul dayofas~ Se esab ameboda.
rogorc iTqva, qalaq konstantinopolis
daarsebamde, romis imperatoris nacva-
li ijda qalaq antioqiaSi da mas ufle-
ba hqonda ganego `mTeli aRmosavleTis~
saqmeebi, cxadia, romis imperiis sazRvre-
bis SigniT. imJamindeli saeklesio cx-
ovrebis Sesabamisad, antioqiis episko-
possac mieca ufleba Tavisi iurisdiq-
cia ganexorcielebina `mTel aRmosav-
leTze~, oRond, cxadia, romis imperiis
sazRvre bs Sign iT . romis imp eriis
sazRvrebSi ki IV s-is dasawyisisaTvis
Sedioda SuamdinareTi, romelsac sparse-
Tis qveynis nawilad miiCnevdnen imJamad,
agreTve pontos da asiis provinciebi,
aseve arabeTi da siria. ai, am terito-
rie bze arsebul eklesiebz e da ara
kavkasiis eklesiebze SeeZlo antioqias
Tavisi kanonikuri uflebamosilebis Sesax-
eb ganecxadebina pretenziebi. es iyo
`mTeli aRmosavleTi~ da ara romis im-
periis sazRvrebis gareT myofi qveynebi
(iseve rogorc provincia `asia~ anu
`azia~ ar moicavda mTel azias Tan-
amedrove gagebiT). romis imperiis gaqro-
b is da misi sazRvre bis damcrobis
Semdgomac antioqiis pretenziebi ar Sem-
cirebula, piriqiT, Seecada `aRmosav-
leTis~ qveS axla mTeli qveynierebis
aRmosavleTi warmoedgina.
Tavdapirveli sparsuli qristianu-
li eklesia Camoyalibda mesopotamiaSi
(SuamdinareTSi), romelic Sedioda ro-
mis imperiis sazRvrebSi IV s-is dasawyis-
Si, aqedan gamomdinare, antioqias mar-
Tlac hqonda ufleba mesopotamiis spar-
sul eklesiaze. SemdgomSi Camoyalibda
erTiani sparsuli eklesia, amasTanave,
romma dakarga mesopotamia, cxadia, amis
gamo antioqiis pretenziebi sruliad
sparseTis sakaTalikosoze usafuZvlo
iyo, amitomac sparseTis eklesia CamoSor-
da antioqias da gamoacxada damoukide-
bloba. kidev erTxel unda vTqvaT, rom
antioqias kanonikurad eqvemdebareboda
mesopotamiis sparsuli eklesia romis
imperiis sazRvrebis SigniT da ara sruli-
ad sparseTis eklesia. amitomac iyo ar-
akanonieri antioqiis pretenziebi mis
mimarT. antioqias saerTod hqonda miz-
iduloba daemorCilebina mezobeli ek-
lesiebi, magaliTad, kviprosisa, romlis
avtokefaliac daicva III msoflio kre-
bam me-8 kanoniT.
rogorc cnobilia, romis imperiaSi
100-ze meti avtokefaluri eklesiis nacv-
lad, provinciaTa eklesiebis avtokefali-
is gaqrobis kvaldakval TandaTanobiT
bizantiaSi V-VI ss-Si mitropoliaTa
urTierTSerwymis gziT Camoyalibda sul
6 avtokefaluri eklesia (xuTi sapa-
triarqo da kviprosis eklesia). xuTi
sapatriarqos Camoyalibebis kvaldakval,
VII-IX ss-saTvis bizantiaSi Camoyalib-
da pentarqiis Teoria, romlis mixedvi-
Tac mTel msoflioze eklesiuri iuris-
diqciis ganxorcielebis ufleba TiTqosda
hqonda am xuT sapatriarqos (e.i. romis,
konstantinopolis, aleqsandriis, anti-
oqiisa da ierusalimis eklesiebs). am
Teoriis momxre Teologebi Txzavdnen
Teoriebs, Tu msoflios romeli qveynis
eklesia romel sapatriarqos unda daqvem-
debareboda. antioqieli Teologebis
azriT, saqarTvelo unda Sesuliyo an-
tioqiis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi. es
mosazreba dawyebuli VII s-dan, grZelde-
boda vidre giorgi mTawmidelamde (XI s.).
ase Tu ise, igi miRebuli iyo antioqiis
109saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
sapatriarqo karze da am ideebs avr-
celebda maTi mwerlobac.
antioqiis patriarqs ioane antioqiels
(+648) miuweria sparseTis eklesiis
Sesaxeb did mitropolit maruTa tag-
ritelisTvis (+649), rom: ̀ winaT sparse-
Tis kaTalikosis saydari da somxeTis,
gurzanisa da aranis kaTalikosis say-
dari eqvemdebareboda antioqias kaTali-
kosis babaYs sikvdilamde~ (+484).337
am werilSi VII s-is antioqieli pa-
triarqi aRiarebs, rom mis dros (e.i.
VII s-Si) gurznis, anu saqarTvelos ek-
lesia antioqias ar eqvemdebareba, Tum-
ca ki masze pretenzias acxadebs. ufro
metic, misi cnobiT, qarTuli eklesia
ar eqvemdebareboda antioqias ukve kaTa-
likos babaYs sikvdilis Semdeg, e.i. V
s-is 80-iani wlebidan. im dromde Tu
eqvemdebareboda? `am cnobidan ar Cans,
gamoiyeneboda Tu ara es samarTali si-
namdvileSi. Tu adgilobrivi eklesiebis
istorias gadavxedavT, davrwmundebiT,
rom igi sinamdvileSi ar arsebobda.
somxeTis eklesia daarsebis pirveli
dReebidanve kesariis mitropolits eqvem-
debareboda, IV s-is bolos ki mTli-
an ad ga nT av i suflda mis ga n , raTa
damoukideblad ganviTarebuliyo. spar-
suli eklesiac mxolod iwodeboda an-
tioqiaze damokidebulad, 423-424 wleb-
is axlo xan e bSi man absoluturi
damoukidebloba moipova da gaauqma an-
tioqiis taxtze damokidebulebis kano-
ni. raki es ori eklesia iuridiulad
gaTavisuflda antioqiis mitropoliti-
sagan , unda vifiqroT, rom saqarTve-
loc aRar iyo masze damokidebuli, rad-
gan iberiis eklesiis aseTi samarTlebrivi
mdgomareoba arc erTi imdroindeli wya-
roTi ar dasturdeba~.338
pentarqiis Teoriam gansakuTrebuli
aRmavloba ganicada IX s-dan, amis Sed-
egad ukve monofizitur antioqiaSi,
romelic arabebis mier iyo dapyrobili,
aqa-iq SemorCenili marTlmadidebeli, anu
rogorc maT uwodebdnen melqiti (e.i.
mefis, konstantinopolis imperatoris
momxre), antioqieli berebi aviTarebd-
nen Sesabamis Teoriebs, erTi aseTi iyo
beri nikoni, romelmac XI s-Si wamoaye-
na mosazreba, rom `antioqiis patriarq-
ma ev staTim ( 325 -331) konstantin es
davalebiT moZebna qarTvelebi maTsave
qveyanaSi, monaTla isini da dauniSna
kaTalikosi, romelic antioqiis patri-
arqs dauqvemdebara~.339
nikonis es cnoba, rogorc cnobilia,
Targmnil iqna XI s-Si qarTulad da igi
yvela saeklesio fenam aRiara. me, pi-
radad, es cnoba SedarebiT sandod mi-
maCnia, radgan evstati antioqielis moR-
vaweobis dros (325-331), jer kidev ar
arsebobda konstantinopoli, viTarca
dedaqalaqi, romis imperiis aRmosavle-
Tis politikuri dedaqalaqi iyo antio-
qia. mis rogorc saero, ise sasuliero
xelisuflebas evaleboda imperiis aR-
mosavleTSi yovelgvar saqmeTa mogvare-
ba. amitomac unda vifiqroT, rom mefe
mirianisagan imperatorTan gagzavnili
delegatebi konstantines eaxlnen q.
romSi, man ki evstaTi antioqiels, vi-
Tarca aRmosavleTSi mjdom ierarqs, daav-
ala qarTuli eklesiis saqmeTa mogvare-
ba. magram es ar niSnavs ierarqiul damor-
Cilebas axalSeqmnili eklesiisa, radga-
nac IV s-is pirveli naxevari aseT daqvem-
337 m. TarxniSvili, saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis warmoqmna da ganviTareba, werilebi, 1994,gv. 134; 338 iqve , gv. 135; 339 m. TarxniSvili, saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis warmoqmn a daganviTareba, werilebi, 1994, gv. 134.
110 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
debare bas ar iTvaliswinebda. cnoba
daqvemdebarebis Sesaxeb pentarqiis mo-
mxreTa Seqmnili, anda SeTxzuli unda
iyos mogvianebiT.
XI s-Si melqit nikon SavmTels da
Cvens did saeklesio moRvawes efrem
mcires ekuTvniT cnoba, romelic maT
Zveli qronikebidan moupovebiaT, rom
imperator konstantine kopronimes dros
(741-775) ori qarTveli beri mivida pa-
triarq Teofilaqte antioqielTan (daax-
loebiT 744-751) `isini Ciodnen, rom
qarTvelebs aRar hyavT kaTalikosi, ̀ rame-
Tu dRiTgan netarisa anastasi mRvdel-
mowamisa, antioqiel patriarqisa, ara
kurTxeul ars maTda kaTalikosi-mTa-
varepiskoposi siZnelisaTvis gzisa, rame-
Tu agarianTagan veravin ikadrebs sv-
lad~.340 am gancxadebis safuZvelze an-
toqiis patriarqs Teofilaqtes gaucia
sinodis sigeli, romlis mixedviTac mo-
mavalSi kaTalikosis kurTxeva qarTvel
episkoposebs miendoboda. amisaTvis ki
evalebodaT JamiswirvaSi antioqiis pa-
triarqis moxsenieba da yovelwliurad
1000 drahkanis gadaxda. patriarqi itove-
bda uflebas SemdgomSi mwvaleblobis
an ganxeTqilebis SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelo-
Si egzarqosi gaegzavnaT~.341
rogorc v. goilaZem gaarkvia VIII s-
is 40-50-ian wlebSi antioqiis sapatri-
arqo karze Cavidnen ara `zemo iberiis~,
aramed `qvemo iberiis~, anu dasavleT
saqarTvelos zRvispira eklesiis warmo-
madgenlebi. rogorc cnobilia, VII s-is
20-iani wlebs Semdeg herakle keisris
aneqsiis Sedegad dasavleT saqarTvelos
zRvispireTi uSualod Sevida bizantiis
imperiis SemadgenlobaSi da dasavleT
saqarTveloSi vidre e.w. skanda-Sorap-
nis sazRvramde Tavisi iurisdiqcia ga-
naxorciela konstantinopolis sapatri-
arqom. aq Camoyalibda berZnulenovani
saepiskoposoebi lazikis eparqiaSi Se-
mavalni fazisis mitropolitis meTauro-
biT. maT Soris rodopolosis, ziganas,
petras, saisinis saepiskoposoebi. male,
gansakuTrebiT ki VIII s-Si politikuri
viTareba Seicvala. dasavleT saqarTve-
loSi xelisuflebis marTvis ufleba moi-
pova afxazeTidan gamosulma dinastiam,
kerZod ki leon I-ma, romelmac es ufleba
moipova qarTlis mefeTagan mefe miris
memkvidre asulis guranduxtis SerTvis
gziT. dasavleT saqarTvelo ibrZoda bi-
zantielebisagan damoukideblobis mosa-
poveblad. am mxriv konstantinopolis
moucleloba sasargeblo aRmoCnda qvey-
nis eklesiuri da politikuri damoukide-
blobis mopovebisaTvis. kerZod, am miwa-
wylidan e.i. `qvemo iberiidan~ Cavida
antioqiaSi saeklesio delegacia, swored
maT miiRes `sinodis sigeli~, romliTac
antioqiis patriarqma Teofilaqtem qvemo
iberiis, anu afxazeTis kaTalikosis
kurTxevis ufleba qarTvel episkoposebs
miando. Semdegi drois antioqieli pa-
triarqebi dosiTeosi, xrisanfi da sx-
vebi weren imis Sesaxeb, rom ̀ qvemo iberi-
is~ arqiepiskoposma (ase uwodebdnen isini
afxazeTis kaTalikoss) damoukidebloba
moipova lev isavrosis epoqaSi, e.i. 720-
ian wlebSi, rogorc Cans, am wlebSi
gaerTianda dasavleT saqarTvelos ek-
lesia, gaTavisuflda antioqiis aRniS-
nuli sinodis sigeliT, anu samarTlebriv-
kanonikuri gziT da ara saeklesio ur-
CobiT, rasac didi mniSvneloba aqvs.
340 iqve , gv. 143; 341 iqve, gv. 144.
111saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saerTod, xatmebrZoluri xana xasi-
aTdeboda samarTlebriv uflebaTa gada-
adgilebiT. magaliTad, Tuki iqamde gu-
TeTis eklesia Sedioda konstantinopo-
lis iurisdiqciaSi, ioane guTelis dros,
VIII s-Si, konstantinopolSi xatme-
brZoluri eresis gamo, guTeTis ekle-
siam gadawyvita gamosuliyo dedaeklesi-
idan da daqvemdebareboda ierusalims.
rogorc cnobilia, ioane guTeli sami
weli eloda ierusalimSi episkoposad
kurTxevas, magram Semdeg am sapatri-
arqoSi gadauwyvetiaT guTeTis mezobel
marTlmadide bel iberiis e klesiaSi
ekurTxebinaT ioane guTeli episkoposad.
amgvaradve, dasavleT saqarTvelomac,
roca gadawyvita gamosuliyo konstan-
tinopolis iurisdiqciidan, mimarTa isev
bizantiur eklesias – antioqiis sapa-
triarqos, romlisaganac VIII s-Si mi-
iRo Sesabamisi kanonikuri dasturi. ase,
rom efrem mciresa da nikon SavmTelis
cnobebi iberiis kaTalikosis adgilze
kurTxevis Sesaxeb Seexeba ara mcxeTis
eklesiis, aramed afxazeTis (qvemo iberi-
is) eklesias. cnobaTa aRreva gamoiwvia
iman, rom rogorc mcxeTis, ise dasav-
leT saqarTvelos eklesiebs `iberTa ek-
lesiebi~ ewodebodaT bizantiaSi. bal-
samonic Tavis cnobil cnobaSi iberiis
eklesiisaTvis avtokefaliis miniWebis
Sesaxeb, sinamdvileSi wers ara mxolo-
biT ricxvSi - `iberiis eklesia~, aramed
mravlobiTSi - `iberiis eklesiebi~, es
kargad Cans rusul TargmanSi.
amave konteqstSi Sedis wmida miro-
nis kurTxevis sakiTxic. CvenSi miCneulia
giorgi merCules cnobaze dayrdnobiT,
rom mironis kurTxevis ufleba qarTulma
eklesiam moipova efrem mawyvereli (IX
s.) episkoposis wyalobiT ierusalimis
sapatriarqos mier . m. TarxniSvilis
TqmiT, `es moxda patriarq sergi ieru-
salimelis (843-859) dros, roca ori
qarTv eli beri, miqaeli da arsen i,
romelTac mcire aziaSi olimpis mTaze
qarTuli monasteri daaarses, wmida
qalaqSi mividnen da antioqiis patri-
arqTan SeTanxmebiT aqauri sinodisagan
TavianTi eklesiisaTvis es ufleba moi-
poves~.342 mironis kurTxeva Zvel ekle-
siaSi episkoposebis privilegia iyo, es
ufleba kidev ufro ganamtkica karTage-
nis krebebma IV s-Si. Cven garkveuli
gvaqvs, rom VI-VII ss-Si somxeTisa da
albaneTis eklesiebi mirons TviTonve
akurTxevdnen, amitomac samarTlebrivad
maTi Tanatoli da Tanafardi qarTuli
eklesiac, cxadia, mirons ZvelTaganve
akurTxevda. miT umetes, rom IV s-danve
uflis kvarTze amosuli sveticxovlis
Ziridan mironi gadmoedineboda, cxadia,
mcire odenobiT, romelsac albaT ure-
vdnen xarSvisas wmida mirons.
zemoaRniSnuli cnoba mironis Sesax-
eb kvlav dasavleT saqarTvelos ekle-
sias Seexeba – saqme isaa, rom dasavleT
saqarTvelos berZnuli saepiskoposoebi,
cxadia, mirons konstantinopolidan
iRebdnen, masTan xatmebrZoluri eresis
gamo kavSiris gawyvetis Semdeg isini
Seecadnen mironi sxva romelime bizan-
tiuri sapatriarqodan mieRoT. qvemo
iberiis, anu afxazeTis sakaTalikosos-
admi miniWebuli avtokefalia _ TavisTa-
vadobis sanacvlod _ antioqia-ierusal-
imis erT-erTi piroba iyo wmida mironi
maTgan SeesyidaT, romelSic 1000 drah-
34 2 m. TarxniSvili, saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis warmoqmn a da ganviTareba, werilebi,1994, gv. 145.
112 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
kani unda gadaexada qarTul mxares.
swored es sakiTxi unda moegvarebina
efrem mawyverelsa da sxva pirebs. ker-
Zod, maTi wyalobiT ierusalimsa da an-
tioqiaSi miuRweviaT TanxmobisaTvis, rom
afxazeTis eklesiisaTvis saWiro mironi
TviT saqarTveloSive kurTxeuliyo. e.i.
qvemo iberiis sakaTalikosos mironi ukve
ara antioqia-ierusalimidan, aramed adg-
ilzeve unda mieRo. es winadadeba, Cans,
giorgi mTawmidelis cxovrebaSi Tavda-
pirvelad savaraudod aseTi saxiT ew-
era: `rameTu afxazeTisa kaTalikosTa
mironi ierusalimiT mohyvanda, xolo
efrem qristesmieriTa brZanebiTa miro-
nis kurTxeva qarTls ganawesa ierusal-
imisa patriaqisa ganwesebiTa da wamebi-
Ta sixaruliT, aramed qarTlad friadi
qveyana aRiricxebis, romelsaca Sina
qarTuliTa eniTa Jami Seiwirvis~, afx-
azeTic qarTlia, radganac wirva-locva
da yoveli saeklesio saqme aq qarTul
enaze aResruleba. maSasadame, gadawyda,
rom dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesias
mironi ekurTxebina adgilzeve e.i. mie-
Ro mcxe-Tidan . es iyo gamTliane ba
sulieri TvalsazrisiT qarTuli eklesi-
isa (ixile amis Sesaxeb sagangebo gamokv-
leva `mironis kurTxevis Sesaxeb~).343
saqarTvelos eklesia ar warmoSobi-
la erTbaSad, erTi sqemiT. rogorc aRin-
iSna, aq qristianuli Temebi arsebobd-
nen qristianobis oficialur aRiarebam-
de ara mxolod dabal, aramed maRal
fenebSic, rasac arqeologiuri monace-
mebi da werilobiTi wyaroebic miuTiTebs,
magram es iyo mcirericxovani Temebi.
mkvlevarTa Soris davaa IV s-is dasawyis-
Si `qarTlis moqcevis~ TariRis Sesaxeb.
saerTod ra igulisxmeboda ̀ qarTlis mo-
qcevaSi~? imperatorma konstantinem mefe
mirianis TxovniT warmoagzavna ̀ moswrafe-
biT mRvdelni naTlisRebisaTvis~,344 maT
Soris iyo episkoposi ioane. `mefem na-
Tel iyo xelsa queSe wmidisa ninossa~,
aseve moinaTla dedofali da ufliswule-
bi. mdinare mtkvarze episkoposma naTe-
li sca warCinebulebs, xolo mRvdlebma
mTel ers - swored es iyo `qarTlis
moqceva~. romel wels moxda es? wyaro
TviTve gvpasuxobs, kerZod, – qarTlis
moqcevis Semdeg mefe mirianma ukanve
gagzavna imperatorTan episkoposi ioane
aseTi saTxovriT: `iTxova nawili Zelisa
cxovrebisa, romelic mas oden Jamsa
gamoeCina RvTis moyvare elene dedo-
falsa~.345 episkopos ioanes pirveli Camos-
vlis dros `Zeli cxovrebisa~ ierusal-
imSi jer kidev ar iyo aRmoCenili, ami-
tomac iyo, rom qarTvelTa gaqristianebis
surviliT uzomod gaxarebulma impera-
torma da elene dedofalma Tavdapirve-
lad mirian mefes mxolod macxovris
xati da Cveulebrivi jvari gamougza-
vnes,346 xolo meorejer Casul qarTlis
delegatebs, romelTa Soris episkoposTan
erTad qarTveli ̀ warCinebulic~ iyo, im-
peratorma `sixaruliT mianiWa nawili
Zelisa cxovelisa da ficarni igi, romel-
Ta zeda ferxni damsWvalul iyve s
uflisani da samsWualni xelTani~.
rogorc cnobilia, elene dedofalma
ierusalimSi aRniSnuli siwmideni moi-
pova 326 wels, xolo rogorc aRiniSna,
`qarTlis moqceva~, anu mtkvarSi eris
naTloba ufro adre moxda. maSasadame,
unda daveTanxmoT vaxuStisa da sxva
mraval avtors, romelnic `qarTlis
343 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. II, gv. 70; 344 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 111; 345
iqve , gv. 117; 346 iqve, gv. 116.
113saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
moqcevis~ TariRebad 317-318 wlebs mi-
iCneven. amasTan dakavSirebiT, aRsaniS-
navia is momentic, rom msoflio qris-
tianobis udidesi siwmideebi ̀ ferxTa fi-
cari~ da samsWvalni uflisa ubralo
qalaqebSi _ eruSeTsa da manglisSi da-
toves da ara dedaqalaqSi – qristiani
mefis mfarvelobis qveS. ismis kiTxva,
mounaTlavi, araqristianuli qalaqebis
warmarT mosaxleebs rogor andes aseTi
siwmide, warmarTebi xom sastikad epy-
robodnen qristianul siwmideebs? rogorc
Txzuleba `cxra Zma kolaelTa martvi-
loba~ gviCvenebs, warmarTebma ar dain-
des TviT sakuTari gaqristianebuli
Svilebi da qvebiT Caqoles, xolo ekle-
sia daarbies. manglissa da eruSeTSi
datovebul aRniSnul siwmideebs ki mkvid-
ri mosaxleoba gafacicebiT icavda, im-
denad, rom V-VI ss-Si ̀ manglisis jvari~
saerTo-kavkasiuri salocavic ki iyo. amis
gamo, Cven unda vifiqroT, rom ioane
episkoposis droisaTvis, e.i. IV s-is
dasawyisSi manglissa, eruSeTSi da al-
baT sxva daba-soflebSic, Cans, ukve ar-
sebobda mZlavri qristianuli Temebi (e.i.
qarTlis oficialurad moqcev amde ),
romelTaTvisac SeiZleboda udidesi,
msoflio mniSvnelobis qristianuli si-
wmideebis mindoba, swored am Temebs
auSenes eklesiebi ioane episkoposis mier
Camoyvanilma kiriTxuroebma.
saqarTvelos eklesiis organizebis
Semdeg, IV s-is dasawyisSi, saeklesio
samarTlis wyaro iyo harmoniuli (sim-
foniuri) kavSiri eklesiisa saxelmwi-
fosTan, romelic damyarda mirian mefis
saxelmwifo xelisuflebasa da qarTul
eklesias Soris. es kavSiri saukuneTa
manZilze samagaliTo iyo. m. TarxniSvi-
lis TqmiT - `saqarTvelos mmarTvelebs
Tavisi Tavi RvTis mebrZolad da misi
saqmis aRmsruleblad miaCndaT~, 347 es
grZeldeboda saukuneTa manZilze. `amg-
vari damokidebulebis mimaniSnebelia war-
werac fulze: mesiis maxvils uwodebd-
nen TavianT Tavs mefeebi demetre (1125-
1156), giorgi III (1156-1184), laSa-gior-
gi (1213-1222), dedofali rusudani (1222-
1245), Tamari Tavis Tavs ase uwodebda:
`mesiis Semwe~. miuxedavad amisa, saqarTve-
los mefeebi ar gadadiodnen sazRvars
`romliTac gamijnulni iyvnen RvTis mier
dawesebuli saeklesio ierarqiisagan~.348
`wmida ninos cxovreba~ cxadyofs,
rom qarTlis moqceva moxda qalaq kon-
stantinopolis daarsebamde, e .i. 330
wlamde, es iqidan Cans, rom aRniSnul
`cxovrebaSi~ q. romi (e .i. imperiis
dedaqalaqi) dasaxelebulia ramdenjer-
me, magaliTad, am `cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad,
elene dedofali romSi zis, amitomac
mis winaSe `gaemgzavrnen wmida nino da
efeseli qali qalaq romSi~.349 faravnis
tbasTan ufalma wm. ninos misca wigni
wasakiTxad, romelic `dawerili iyo
laTinurad~,350 wm. ninos uwodeben ase:
`romaeli tyve~,351 wm. ninos sarwmunoe-
bas ki qarTveli warmarTebi ase uwodebd-
nen - `romaelTa Secdomili rjuli~.352
gaqristianebuli mefe miriani ambobs:
`viqn eb i morCili ninosi romaelTa
rjulze,353 Tumca amave dros romis im-
perias `saberZneTic~ ewodeba, mis mefes
ki `berZenTa mefe~, konstantinopolis
ar ars e b ob a s moqc e v is dro is aTv is
gulisxmobs isic, rom wm. ninos `wigni
miswera~ ara konstantinopolis episko-
347 m. TarxniSvili, 1994, gv. 369; 348 iqve, 370 ; 349 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t.1, 1996, gv. 147 ; 350 iqve , gv. 149; 351 iqve, gv. 157 352 iqve , gv. 159; 353 saqarTvelos samociquloeklesiis istoria, t. 1, 1996, gv. 161;
114 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
posma , aramed romis p atriarqma `im
dReebSi mouvida wigni romis patriar-
qisagan wmida ninos, mefes da qarTlis
mTel ers~.354 mTel TxzulebaSi mxolod
erTxel gvxvdeba sityva `konstantinop-
oli~ da unda vifiqroT, rom igi unda
iyos CanarTi, radganac axlosaa sxva
meore CanarTTan, romelSic laparakia
mTiulebis Sesaxeb: `xolo ukanasknel
Jams maTi nawili moaqcia abibos nekre-
selma episkoposma da zogierTi maTgani
darCnen warmarTobaSive dRemde~,355 e.i.
wmida ninos `cxovrebis~ redaqtirebis
Jams albaT VI-VII ss-Si CaurTes sity-
va `konstantinopoli~.
m. TarxniSvilis sityviT, `saqarTve-
los kavSiri antioqiasTan xangrZlivi aras-
dros yofila~.356 m. TarxniSvilis azriT,
antioqiasTan kavSiri saqarTvelos ekle-
siam daamyara ara IV, aramed V s-is
bolos. `V s-is bolos damyarebuli kav-
Siri antioqiasTan ukve 610 wels Seirya
da VIII s-Si sruliad gawyda~.356 am dros,
m. TarxniSvilis sityviT (e.i. V s-Si),
antioqia monofizituri yofila, amito-
mac misi azriT, V s-Si qarTuli ekle-
siac monofizituri iyo. es mosazreba
Cvens mier mTlianad uaryofilia.357
m. TarxniSvili svams Zalze sain-
tereso kiTxvas, romelzec pasuxis ga-
cemiT, Cven movZebniT qarTuli eklesiis
samarTlis wyaros IV s-Si, kerZod -
`pirveli episkoposi, romelic bizanti-
idan movida, ̀ moqcevaY qarTlisaYs~ mixed-
viT iyo ioane, mis Semdeg mcxeTis episko-
posis taxtze avida masTan erTad mosu-
li mRvdeli iakobi. CvenTvis ucnobia,
Tu sad ekurTxa igi episkoposad, rad-
gan sakuTari ierarqiis Seqmna aseT mcire
droSi SeuZlebeli iyo, xolo jer kidev
zomieri da upretenzio bosforispira
qalaqi (konstantinopoli) Zalian Sors
iyo, qarTvelebi iZulebulni iyvnen, Ta-
vianTi umaRlesi mwyemsi mezobel qris-
tian xalxebTan e.i. somxebTan da siri-
elebTan eZebna, marTlac mcxeTis mesame
episkoposi iobi somexi mTavarepiskopo-
sis, nerse didis (daaxloebiT 362-373)
diakvani iyo. SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom
nersem TviTon akurTxa Tavisi diakvani
episkoposad~...35 8
m. TarxniSvili cdeba, radganac Zvelma
qarTulma saeklesio istoriografiam ico-
da, `Tu sad ekurTxa episkoposad~ iako-
bi, iobi da sxvani IV-V ss-Si. Cveni
wyaroebi dabejiTebiT miuTiTebdnen, rom
isini ekurTxebodnen aqve, saqarTvelo-
Sive da isini ar ukurTxebiaT ucxoeT-
Si, anda ucxoel pirvel mRvdelmTavrebs.
magaliTad, qarTuli eklesiis meore
episkoposi iakobi mefe mirianis nebiT
dajda eklesiis meTaurad, mirians es
Tavad wm. ninom sTxova.359
mis Semdeg qarTvelTa mefem episko-
posad `dasva elia~, `mokvda episkoposi
iakob da dasva mis wil elia~,360 elias
sikvdilis Semdeg aqve, saqarTveloSive,
axal episkoposad `dasves~ svimoni -
`mokvda elia episkoposi da dasves svi-
mon~.360 aseve saqarTveloSive mRvdeli
miqaeli ̀ daadgines episkoposad~. - ̀ moiy-
vana mRvdeli WeSmariti saberZneTiT, sax-
eliT miqael da daadgines igi episko-
posad~36 1 da a.S. episkopose bs aq ve ,
saqarTveloSive `adgendnen~ an `svamd-
nen~ Sesabamisi wreebi. iyo Tu ara
saqarTveloSive IV s-Si ramdenime episko-
posi? diax, iyo, ukve mirian mefis sikvdi-
354 iqve , gv. 169; 355 iqve , gv. 170; 356 m. TarxniSvili, werilebi, gv. 145; 357 saqarTvelos samociquloeklesiis istoria, t. 1, gv. 385; 358 m. TarxniSvili, werilebi, gv. 135; 359 saqarTvelos samociquloeklesia, t. I, gv. 193; 360 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 137; 361 iqve, gv. 145.
115saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
lis droisaTvis (IV s-is 60-ian wleb-
Si) saqarTveloSi iyo ramdenime episko-
posi, sikvdilis Jams mirian mefem `dave-
dra episkoposTa~.. .362 e.i. episkoposebs
sTxova. swored es episkoposebi irCevdnen
TavianT krebaze eklesiis meTaurs, xolo
mefe `svamda~ mas. ramdenime episkoposi
yofila mefe mirianis Semdegac, magal-
iTad, v axtan g gorgasals, roca is
sparseTidan dabrunda, miegebnen qarTveli
episkoposebi - ̀ warmovida vaxtang qarT-
lad da miegebnen. .. episkoposni~.363 es
episkoposebi marTavdnen eklesias IV s-
is kanonebis mixedviT.
aqedan Cans, rom IV s-Si eklesia
saqarTveloSi, iseve , rogorc romis im-
periis provinciaTa eklesiebis umetesi
nawili, iyo TviTmarTvadi, anu rogorc
balsamoni aseT eklesiebs uwodebs _
avtokefaluri. qarTuli wyaroebis swori
interpretireba mxolod amtkicebs bal-
samonis mosazrebas. amasve iTxovda msof-
lio saeklesio kanonmdebloba, kerZod,
karTagenis krebis (419) 74-e muxlis
Tanaxmad, `ucxo episkoposi ar unda
dajdes ucxo eklesiis saydarze~ (karT.,
74-e kanoni), ratom unda darRveuliyo
es kanoni qarTuli eklesiis mimarT?
m a S a s a d a m e , a q e d a n g a m o md i n a r e ,
qarTvelebs ara ucxoeli episkoposebi
ahyavdaT eklesiis meTaurad, aramed maT
saqarTveloSive akurTxebdnen da Semdeg
aZlevdnen eklesiis meTauris pativs.
IV s-is 80-ian wlebSi Seicvala saer-
TaSoriso viTareba, saqarTveloSi gaba-
tonda irani, iranSi ki, rogorc cno-
bilia, am droisaTvis arsebobda Zlieri
siriul-sparsuli qristianuli eklesia,
rasac Tavisi gavlena mouxdenia qarTu-
li eklesiis orientaciaze. Tanaxmad m.
TarxniSvilisa, amas unda gamoewvia Cven-
Si ori, prosparsuli da proberZnuli
orientaciis ierarqiis warmoSoba. maT me-
Taur episkoposebs, Cans, gavleniani adg-
ili eWiraT samefo karze – vaxtang gor-
gaslis siWabukis dros (e.i. saeklesio
reformamde) erT-erTi darbazobis dros
mefis gverdiT sagangebo taxtebze dasves
ori episkoposi.364 isini ori saepisko-
poso frTis meTaurebi unda yofiliyvnen.365
m. TarxniSvilis mier moZiebuli
wyaros Tanaxmad, 419 wels Catarebula
`siriul-sparsuli~ saeklesio kreba
selevkiis qtesifonSi sparseTis kaTa-
likosis mar-iah-balahis dros, romel-
Sic monawileobas Rebulobdnen `episko-
posebi gurzanidan~, e.i. saqarTvelodan.
es unda yofiliyo is prosparsuli ier-
arqia, romelic ukve, Cans, arsebobda
saqarTveloSi. `yvelaze metad TvalSi
sacemia krebis aqtebis ena. aqtebis mixed-
viT iah-balahi yvela iq Sekrebili episko-
posis kaTalikosia, igi `aRmosavleTis
episkoposebis meTaurad~ iwodeboda iez-
digerdis mTel samefoSi~.366 magram es
unda yofiliyo mxolod erTi jgufi
qarTveli episkoposebisa. vaxtangis si-
Wabukis dros, rogorc cnobilia, bizan-
tiis imperiam miitaca klarjeTi da zRvi-
spireTi, vidre cixe-gojamde. amis gamo
qarTli ori imperiis gavlenis arealSi
mdebareobda, rac aisaxeboda saeklesio
cxovrebaSi, mis ierarqiaSic. Tavis mxriv,
sakuTriv qarTlic orad yofila gay-
ofili, kerZod, qvemo qarTlsa da kax-
eT-hereTSi, SesaZloa teritoriuli siax-
lovis gamo, iranuli orientaciis episko-
posebi Warbobdnen.
362 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 129; 363 iqve , gv. 140; 364 iqve, 140 ; 365 saqarTvelos samociquloeklesiis istoria, I, gv. 195; 366 m. TarxniSvili, werilebi, gv. 136.
116 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
Cveni fiqriT, Tormetma episkoposma,
romlebic vaxtangma bizantiidan Camoiy-
vana, Secvala qvemo qarTlisa da kaxeT-
hereTis prosparsuli orientaciis mqone
episkoposebi. vaxtangis saeklesio ori-
entacia iyo mkveTrad bizantiuri, man
anderZic ki daibara amis dasacavad. am-
itomac misTvis prosparsuli ierarqia,
qveynis ganTavisuflebis Semdeg miuRe-
beli iyo. marTlac 12-ve axali episko-
posi man dasva qvemo qarTlsa, kaxeT-
hereTsa da berZenTagan ganTavisufle-
bul klarjeTSi (es teritoria vaxtang-
ma ukan daibruna da, cxadia, iq Tavisi
episkoposi dasva) _ `dasva erTi episko-
posad klarjeTs, eklesiasa axizisasa,
erTi artaans eruSeTs, erTi javaxeTs,
wundas, erTi mangliss, erTi bolniss,
erTi rusTavs, erTi ninowmidas, ujar-
mis karsa, romeli gorgasalsa aeSena,
erTi Werems... erTi CeleTs... erTi xor-
nabujs da erTi agaraks.367
rogorc cnobilia, sastiki winaaRm-
degoba iyo mefesa da mTavarepiskopos
miqaels Soris. am faqts sxvadasxvag-
varad xsnian istorikosebi, miiCneven, rom
maT Soris iyo sarwmunoebrivi dapiri-
spireba. mefe vaxtangic da mTavarepisko-
posi miqaelic diofizitebi iyvnen da
maT Soris winaaRmdegoba xelisuflebi-
saTvis brZoliT iyo gamowveuli.
saqme is iyo, rom qarTlsa da hereT-
Si gabatonebis Semdeg iranelebma qvey-
nis sammarTvelo da sasamarTlo Zalau-
fleba CamoarTves aznaurebs (warCineb-
ulebs) da gadasces samRvdeloebas (sa-
suliero wodebas). Tu rogor xdeboda
es sparselTa mier, kargad aqvs aRwer-
ili arsen safarels somxuri eklesiis
istoriasTan dakavSirebiT. igi wers _
`somex aznaurTa xelisufleba daeca
marzapanis mier, kaTalikosebma da episko-
posebma miiRes ufleba win aRdgomodnen
aznaurTa xelisuflebas. samRvdeloebas
mieca ufleba mosaxleobisagan moekrib-
aT xarki da gadaexadaT sparselebisaTvis,
radganac episkoposebsa da qorepisko-
posebs miandes somxeTi, rogorc spars-
Ta mefobis morCilebs. zogierTma kaTa-
likosma da episkoposma sparseTis me-
feebi iSviles da TavianTi Zeebi uwodes...
(s amRvdeloe bam) miaRwie s imas, rom
samTavro msajuleba TviT miitaces da
kanonis samarTlisamebr ar iqceodnen.
eklesiis sakuTreba miiTvises da flan-
gavdnen eriskacTa saCveneblad... saepisko-
posoebi gadaiqcnen qedismosaxrel adg-
ilebad, sadac mividodnen xolme aznau-
rebi (episkoposTa karze) da maT episko-
posebi ar iRebdnen, Sercxvenili aznau-
rebi ukanve brundebodnen, rogoradac
marzapnis karidan. es didi Seuracxyo-
fa mouTmeneli iyo~.368
marTalia, zemoaRniSnuli istoria
exeba somxeTis eklesias da arsen safa-
reli kargad aRwers, sparseTis Sahebma
rogor gadasces dapyrobil somxeTSi
saero xelisufleba somxur eklesias da
es kanonieri ufleba CamoarTves aznau-
rebs, e.i. saero xelisufalT. igive moimo-
qmedes sparselebma saqarTveloSic,
rogorc amas `moqcev aY q arTlisaY~
uCvenebs. IV s-is bolosa da V s-is
dasawyisSi, vaxtang gorgaslis gamefe-
bamde arsebul mdgomareobas mematiane
ase aRwers: `da mere mefobda mirdat da
mTavarepiskoposi iyo glonoqor da es
mTavarepiskoposi erisTavadca iyo baraz-
367 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 199; 368 a. jafariZe, saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I,gv. 370-371.
117saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
bod pitiaxSisagan qarTls da hereTs.
da misa Semdgomad mefobda didi vax-
tang gorgasali~. 369
aq savsebiT naTlad aris aRwerili
qveyanaSi Seqmnili viTareba: qarTveli
mefe nominaluri mmarTvelia, qveyanas
faqtobrivad marTavs sparsi pitiaxSi,
romelmac `qarTlisa da hereTis erisTa-
vad~ daniSna qarTuli eklesiis meTauri
_ mTavarepiskoposi. ras niSnavs es? Cans,
imasve rac ufro adre mezobel somxeT-
Si moxda, kerZod, qarTuli eklesiis
meTaurs mieniWa qveynis sammarTvelo
(saero) ufleba – igia erisTavi da mis
xelSia qveyanaSi xarkis mokrebis ufle-
ba. esaa udidesi Zalaufleba, romelic
moaklda qarTlis aznaurebs da gadaeca
qarTvel samRvdeloeb as. ra Sedegi
moitana aman? _ arseni safarelis si-
tyvebs Tu moviSveliebT `sasulieroni
(k aTalikosebi da episkoposeb i) win
aRudgnen aznaurTa xelisuflebas – me-
fis xelisuflebas... eklesiis sakuTre-
ba miiTvises da flangavdnen (e.i. `meg-
vadruceebi~, anu molareebi arian qris-
tesi). .. saepiskoposoebi gadaiqcnen qe-
dis mosadrekel adgilebad. .. episkopose-
bi maT (aznaurebs) ar iRebdnen da Ser-
cxvenili aznaurebi ukan brundebodnen~.
swored ase moeqca mTavarepiskoposi
miqaeli vaxtang mefes maTi Sexvedris
dros, mefe cxenidan CamoqveiTda, mi-
uaxlovda amxedrebul episkoposs, raTa
mas mTxveoda fexze. miqaelma ̀ gakra fexi,
qoSis qusli pirSi Caartya da mefes
kbili Caumtvria~.
rogor moiqca Seuracxyofili mefe?
Tumca Zlier surda, magram ar ikadra
mTavarepiskoposis dasja, mxolod si-
tyviT mimarTa - `vercxlismoyvare xar
Sen, rameTu qristes megvadruce xar~.
vfiqrob am sityvis xmareba `megva-
druce~ anu `fulis Semgrovebeli~, miu-
TiTebs, rom am dros qarTvel samRvde-
loebas jer kidev hqonda ufleba moe-
grovebina mTel qveyanaSi xarki, albaT
sparselTa, anda sakuTari qveynis xazi-
naSi Sesatanad. yovel SemTxvevaSi, Cve-
ni mematianis sityviT aSkaraa, rom mefe
vaxtangi da miqaeli erTmaneTs xelisu-
flebisTvis ebrZodnen.370
sabolood, rogorc cnobilia, vax-
tangma Tavis laSqarze (`spaze~) dayrd-
nobiT SeZlo moegvarebina eklesiasTan
urTierToba. kerZod, man, Cans, moSala
sparselebis mier dadgenili wesi, ekle-
sias CamoarTva saqveyno mmarTvelobis
ufleba da daubruna mas Tavisi kanon-
ieri uflebani, romelnic saeklesio
krebaTa mier iyo dadgenili. am dros
vaxtangisaTvis saWiro yofila eklesiis
iseTi didi avtoritetebi, rogorebic
iyvnen bizantiis imperiaSi arsebuli sa-
patriarqoebi. vaxtangma, Cans, qarTuli
eklesia gamoiyvana siriul-sparsuli saek-
lesio sferodan da Seiyvana igi bizan-
tiur saeklesio sferoSi. aq ar ig-
ulisxmeba iurisdiqcia. eklesiaSi Catar-
da udidesi reforma, kerZod, aRdgeni-
li iqna simfoniuri urTierToba qarTul
saxelmwifosa da erovnul eklesias
Soris, romelic dairRva sparsTa ba-
tonobis Sedegad.
maSasadame, mefe mirianis Semdeg ek-
lesiasa da samefos Soris simfoniuri
urTierToba arsebobda sparselebis Se-
mosevamde, e.i. IV s-is 80-ian wlebamde,
SemdegSi ki, vaxtang gorgaslis dros
369 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I , 1964, gv. 93; 370 saqarTvelos samociquloeklesiis istoria, I, gv . 242-256.
118 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
es darRveuli urTierToba, rogorc aRin-
iSna, aRdga. am dros, rogorc special-
istebi aRniSnavdnen, qarTul eklesiaSi,
iseve rogorc maxlobeli aRmosavleTis
eklesiebSi (V-VI ss-Si), gamoiyeneboda
e.w. siriul-romauli samarTali, romelic
SemdegSi dakargula da vaxtang VI-s
XVIII s-Si igi xelaxla uTargmnia. vax-
tang gorgasalma, rogorc viciT, Sem-
oiRo kaTalikosoba.
`kaTalikozs mieca taxtad svet-
icxovlis taZ ari, iwode boda kaTa-
likozad mcxeTisa da iveriisa TiTqmis
1400 wlis ganmavlobaSi. .. kaTalikoz-
patriarqi mcxeTidan Tavisuflad ga-
nagebda saqarTvelos saeklesio saqmeebs
da an gariSs arav is aZlevda. kaTa -
likozis xelqveiTTa morCilTa Seqmnes
samefo samefoSi, rogorc Cans Zvel
sigel-gujarebidan da vaxtang VI-is
samarTlis wignidan, im saxiTve, rogorc
feodalebma dasavleT evropaSi. kaTa-
likozi iTvleboda sulier meufed qvey-
nisa. mefe da kaTalikozi erTnairi pa-
tiviTa da uflebiT sargeblobdnen. Seu-
racxyofa kaTalikozisa udrida mefis
Seuracxyofas. misi Semdegi ierarqiis
sasuliero wevrni gaTanabrebulni iyvnen
saero ierarqiis wevrebTan~. 371
`gaZlierda da gavrcelda saero xa-
siaTi sasuliero wodebisa, amis gan-
marteba unda veZioT xalxis gadaWarbe-
bul sarwmunoe briv midre kile b aSi
rogorc erTxel dasavleT evropaSi
iyo~.372 `saeklesio glexni Tavisufalni
iyvnen yoveli saero gadasaxadisagan~.372
`kaTalikozsa hyavda sakuTari mTavro-
ba imave wesrigiT rogorc mefesa. spasal-
arebs, aTasis Tavebs, asis Tavebsa da
sxva moxeleT TviT kaTalikozi niSnav-
da. omSi an Tavad kaTalikozi da episko-
posni winamZRvrobdnen an spasalarni,
rogorc dro da garemoeba moiTxovda.
calke jarebs agrovebdnen, roca saWiro
iyo episkoposni da monasterTa winamZR-
varni da brZolis velze gahyavdaT da
maTTan erTad Rvridnen sisxlsa~.373
k. kekeliZis TvalsazrisiT, ar Sei-
Zleba kaTalikosobis SemoReba davukav-
SiroT qarTuli eklesiis mier avtoke-
faliis mopovebas, igi ar eTanxmeba am
mxriv iv. javaxiSvils da wers: `prof.
iv. javaxiSvili fiqrobs, rom kaToliko-
zobis SemoReba arsebiTad iyo iberiis
gaTavisufleba ucxo eklesiaze damok-
idebulebisagan. `cnobilia is, rom aR-
mosavleTis qristianeTa Soris `kaTa-
likozi~ damoukidebeli eklesiis mTa-
vari episkopozi da saWeTmpyrobelis
aRmniSvneli wodeba iyo. maSasadame, vax-
tang gorgaslisagan saqarTveloSi kaTa-
likozobis daweseba qarTuli eklesiis
d amo uk ide blo b is d a we s e b a d u nd a
vigulisxmoT~, magram es mcdari azria,
kaTalikozobis SemoRebas araferi cvli-
leba ar mouxdenia iberiis eklesiis Tavis
ierarqiul-kanonikur damokidebulebaSi
da, ase vTqvaT, saeklesioTaSoriso mdgo-
mareobaSi, sityva `kaTalikozi~ aris
berZnuli sityva da realurad niSnavs
iseT episkopozs, romelsac gansazRvrul
teritoriaze sxva episkopozebi ufro-
sad icnoben. Zvel qarTul mwerlobaSi
am s ityv iT aRin i Sn e b a ara ma rto
damoukidebeli eklesiis Tavi, aramed
damokidebulebaSi myofic, ufro xSirad
mitropoliti... ase yofila ara marto
qarTul mwerlobaSi, aramed ucxo mw-
erlobaSic (somxeTSic `mitropoliti~
iTargmneboda sityviT `kaTalikosi~),
371 p. karbelaSvili, ierarqia saqarTvelos eklesiisa, 1900, gv. 29; 372 iqve, gv. 31; 373 iqve, gv. 33.
119saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
amnairad, Tu iberiis eklesiis Tavs ̀ kaTa-
likozi~ daerqva, ara imitom, rom is
ierarqiulad gaTavisuflda ucxo ekle-
siaze damokidebulebisagan, aramed imi-
tom, rom ramdenime episkoposTa Soris
iberiaSi is Seiqmna ufrosi, pirveli
episkopozi `sazogado~, saerTo xelmZR-
vaneli yvela danarCenisa~.374
maSasadame, Tu es asea da sityva ̀ kaTa-
likosis~ damkvidreba aRniSnavda ara ek-
lesiis avtokefaliis SemoRebas, aramed
mxolod imas, rom am titulis matarebe-
li episkoposi gadaiqca, ufros, pirvel,
`sazogado~ pirvelierarqad, maSin aRar
unda ugulebelvyoT ruis-urbnisis kreb-
is Zeglisweris, efrem mcires `moqcevaY
qarTlisaYs~ WeliSuri redaqciis monace-
mebi, romelnic sityva `kaTalikoziT~
moixsenieben qarTuli eklesiis meTaurs
ukve IV s-dan _ mirian mefidanve.
wm. ninos `cxovrebis~ WeliSur re-
daqciaSia: vaxtang gorgaslamde `gar-
dacvalebul iyvnes mefeni aTni da kaTa-
likozni cametni~; maSasadame , misi av-
toris TvalsazrisiT, qarTuli eklesi-
is meTaurebi iyvnen episkoposTa Soris
pirvelni, Tavni, `sazogadoni~, Tumca
ki SesaZloa, es termini `kaTalikozi~
marTlac V s-Si iqna SemoRebuli, ma-
gram am terminis damkvidrebamdec pirve-
lierarqs sxva episkoposebTan Sedare-
biT pirveloba hqonia mopovebuli, amit-
omac unda uwodebdes avtori IV s-is
pirvelmRvdelmTavrebs _ `kaTalikozs~.
aseve, amave TvalsazrisiT unda xmarob-
des efrem mcirec am termins _ qarTu-
li eklesiis dafuZnebisTanave pirvel
ierarqs ukve hqonia tituli _ `kaTali-
kosi mTavarepiskoposi~, rac Tavis Tav-
Si gulisxmobs ramdenime saepiskoposo
kaTedris arsebobas. efrem mcire, romelic
sagangebod ikvlevda qarTuli eklesiis
kanonikur urTierTdamokidebulebas ucxo
eklesiebTan, cxadia, termin ̀ mTavarepisko-
possa da kaTalikoss~ SemTxveviT ar ix-
marda. efrem mcire Tavis TxzulebaSi
`uwyeba mizezTa qarTvelTa moqcevisasa~
wers: _ `saxelica movlinebulisa mis
episkoposisa esreT povnil ars, viTarmed
TviT evstaTi iyo antioqieli patriarqi,
romelman daamyara eklesia igi, mirianis
mier mcxeTas aRSenebuli da ukurTxa
maT kaTalikosi mTavarepiskoposi~.
ruis-urbnisis wmida krebis `Zeg-
liswerac~ aseve kaTalikozad e.i. sa-
zogado, sayovelTao episkoposad moix-
seniebs qarTuli eklesiis pirvelive me-
Taurs: `TviT patriarqTa Soris saxel-
ganTqmulman evstaTi [325-330] xeliTa
TvisiTa STadva safuZveli maSin sadme
mcxeTas aRSenebulisa eklesiisa, ...gan-
wmida igi da xeldasxmul-yo mas Sina
maTTvis episkopozi-kaTalikosi~.375
rogorc aRiniSna, sityva `kaTaliko-
sis~ xmareba efrem mcires, `ruis-urb-
nisis krebis~, `moqcevaYs~ WeliSuri re-
daqciis mier miuTiTebs, rom Zveli
qarTuli saeklesio istoriografiis
TvalsazrisiT, saqarTvelos eklesiaSi
IV s-danve arsebobda ramdenime eparqia,
ramdenime mmarTveli episkoposi, romel-
Ta Soris pirveli ijda mcxeTaSi, mas
hqonia tituli sayovelTao ̀ mTavarepisko-
posisa~, Tumca ki es termini `kaTali-
kosi~ SesaZloa mas, marTlac, ar ewode-
boda V s-is Sua wlebamde.
k . kekeliZe , rogorc cnobilia ,
fiqrobda, rom vaxtang gorgaslis saek-
374 k. kekeliZe, etiudebi Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoriidan, t. IV, 1957 w., gv. 335-336; 375
`didi sjulis kanoni~, 1975, gv. 546; 376 iqve, gv. 340.
120 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
lesio reformamde saqarTveloSi iyo
erTi eparqia erTi episkoposiT, amito-
mac, TiTqosda iqamde `CvenSi `mTavar-
episkoposi~ ar yofila~.376 wyaroTa mudmiv
Cvenebas, rom CvenSi V s-is meore nax-
evramde eklesiis meTaurs hqonda wode-
ba `mTavarepiskoposi~, xsnis imiT, rom
TiTqosda ̀ moqcevaY qarTlisaY~ ganurCev-
lad xmarobs sityvas `episkoposi~ da
`mTavarepiskoposi~.377 maSasadame, Tu Cveni
eklesiis meTauri ioane konstantinopo-
lidan meored Camosvlis Semdeg ixse-
nieba `mTavarepiskoposis~ tituliT da
Semdeg erT momentSi kvlav ̀ episkoposad~
(mag., WeliSuri variantiT wm. ninom gar-
dacvalebis win `Sehvedra iakob mRvde-
li mefesa da episkopossa~), amitomac
wyaros Cveneba ioanes mTavarepiskoposo-
bis Sesaxeb sando araa, magram ra vuyoT
maSin efrem mcires Cvenebas, romelic
antioqiis patriarqs evstaTis _ `episko-
poss~ uwodebs, rogorc zemoT moyvani-
li citatidanac Cans. cxadia, zogadi
TvalsazrisiT, patriarqica da mTavar-
episkoposic _ episkoposebi arian, amito-
mac mematianes sruli ufleba aqvs isini
episkoposebad moixsenios saWiroebis dros.
aqedan gamomdinare, mTlianad san-
doa wyaroTa dabejiTebuli Cveneba, rom
CvenSi kaTalikosobis dawesebamde iyo
ramdenime episkoposi, ganvixiloT erT-
erTi. magaliTad, mefe mirianma sikvdi-
lis win `davedra episkoposTa, raTa
adidon dideba mis adgilisa~ (igulisxme-
ba wm. ninos samarxi378).
k. kekeliZe miiCnevs, rom `saqme gva-
qvs cxad SecdomasTan, unda iyos ̀ episko-
posi~ da ara `episkoposni~, rac Cans
zmnisagan ̀ davedra~ (da ara ̀ davedrna~)~.379
k. kekeliZe cdeba, radganac gvaqvs ara
erTi zmna `davedra~, aramed meorec,
romelic cxadad gadmocems mravlobiT
formas _ esaa `adidon ~ ( `davedra
episkoposTa, raTa adidon dideba mis
adgilisa~), maSasadame , aq saqme ara
gvaqvs SecdomasTan .
aseve TvalnaTelia meore magaliTic,
indoeTidan dabrunebul vaxtang mefes
jer kidev kaTalikosobis dawesebamde
Seegebnen qarTveli episkoposebi - `war-
movida vaxtang qarTlad da miegeba Ze
misi daCi da mis Tana yovelni spasala-
rni da maT Tana episkoposni~.380
k. kekeliZis azriT, iq igulisxmeba
qristian episkoposTan erTad an mazdeaneb-
is `episkoposi~ an ufro sworad, ori
qristiani episkoposi, erTi eklesiis me-
Tauri, meore saxlis, karis episkoposi~.379
Cveni azriT ki aq igulisxmeba mTa-
varepiskoposi miqaeli sxva episkoposebTan
erTad, radganac gvaqvs sxva wyaroc,
romelSic miqaeli Tavis mravalricxo-
van episkoposebTan erTad aris moxse-
niebuli, esaa Txzuleba `uwyeba petros
mkawvrelisaTvis~, masSi naTqvamia, rom
petre fuloni patriarqi antioqiisa,
romelmac monofizitoba gaavrcela somx-
eTSi, saqarTvelos sazRvrebTan movida,
TavisTan miiwvia qarTlis mTavarepisko-
posi miqaeli, romelic marTlac mivida
petre fulonTan, qvemo qarTlis mxares,
adgil `kangarTan~, Tavis episkoposebT-
an erTad, romelTac Caqoles monofiz-
iti patriarqi petre fuloni. `Seracxa
maT simarTled kacis kvla igi~. kerZod,
wyaroSi naTqvamia _ `SeWura miqael
sulman wmidaman... warmovida mcxeTiT mis
queSeTa episkoposTa da mRudelTa Tana
377 iqve , gv. 329; 378 qarTlis cxovreba, t. 1, gv. 129; 379 k. kekeliZe, etiudebi, IV, 1957, gv. 330;380 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 196.
121saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
da erisa morwmunisa da moiwivnes quey-
anasa kangarisasa... maSin movida miqael
kaTalikozi da Tayuanisca winaSe saydrisa
mis petros mkawvralisasa... STamozidna
Zlierad da STamoiTria qveyanad, daakueTa
da dasca qviTa... maSin yovelTa misTa
dakribes mis zeda qua da esre dazvines
qviTa da mokles mgeli igi~.381
SesaZloa es wyaro, rogorc k. kekel-
iZe wers, marTlac mogvianebiT iyos SeT-
xz ul i, m ag ra m aq ed an m ai nc C an s
ZvelqarTuli saeklesio istoriografi-
is Tvalsazrisi, rom vaxtang gorgas-
lis droindeli mTavarepiskoposi miqae-
li iyo mravali mis ̀ queSe~ mdgomi episko-
posis meTauri, sayovelTao maTTvis, am-
itomac wyaro uwodebs kidec miqaels
`kaTalikozs~, rogorc amonaridi ci-
tatidan Cans.
ueWveli wyaroa agreTve vaxtang gor-
gaslis `cxovrebis~ cnoba, rom siWa-
bukisas vaxtangis mier mowveul TaT-
birze ori saepiskoposo taxti idga:
`mouwoda yovelTa warCinebulTa qarTli-
saTa, da Semokribna yovelni qalaqad da
ganmzada mefeman saxli erTi da dajda
saydarTa zeda maRalTa, xolo juanSer
spaspeti da ornive episkoposni dasxdes
saydarsve da sxvani yovelni erisTavni
dasxdes selebiTa, da aTasis-Tavni da
asis-Tavni da yovelni eri warmodges
ze~.382 k. kekeliZis azriT, am ori episko-
posidan erTia mTeli eklesiis meTauri,
meore _ saxlis, karis episkoposi~,38 3
Tumca SesaZleblad miiCnevs, rom es
meore aris mazdeanobis `episkoposi~.
vaxtangis matianedan Cans, rom orive
episkoposi aris Tanabari Rirsebisa erT-
maneTis mimarT da, rac mTavaria, maTi
Rirseba gaTanabrebulia spaspetis pa-
tivTan, radganac mxolod es sami piri
dajda `saydarzed~, anu maRal skamebze,
r an giT maTze dab ali p ativ i aq vT
erisTavebs, romelnic selebze dasxes,
xolo `aTasis-Tavebi~ da sxvani arc ki
dasxes, isini TaTbirs fexze mdgomni
unda daswrebodnen. yvelasaTvis cnobilia,
rom eklesiis meTauri episkoposi da
ueparqio _ karis episkopisi pativiTa
da RirsebiT Tanabarni ar arian, amito-
mac maT mefis win Tanabari pativiT ar
dasxamdnen sagangebo taxtebze, rogorc
Cven gamokvleuli gvaqvs, aq unda ig-
ulisxmebodes prosparsuli orientaci-
is samRvdeloebis (episkoposebis frTis)
meTauri da elinofiluri saepiskoposo
frTis meTauri ori episkoposi. radga-
nac saxelmwifosa da eklesiaSi orive
frTa Tanabrad iyo gaZlierebuli vax-
tangis siWabukisas, amitomac maT Tana-
bari pativi miages darbazobisas.384
wyaroebis dabejiTebuli mowmobiT,
kaTalikosobis daarsebamdec saqarTve-
los eklesiaSi arsebobda ramdenime epar-
qia, Sesabamisi saepiskoposo kaTedrebiT,
romelTa Soris pirvels _ mTavarepisko-
posis wodeba gaaCnda.
k. kekeliZis azriT, kaTalikosobis
dawe se b a v axtan g gorga slis m ier
gamowveuli unda yofiliyo ara avtoke-
faliis mopovebiT, aramed qarTuli ek-
lesiis _ viTarca erTi eparqiis mraval
eparqiebad dayofiT. Cveni azriT, kaTa-
likosis wodebis SemoRebiT vaxtang gor-
gasals surda miqael mTavarepiskoposis
saxelisuflebo Zalis damxoba. vaxtang-
ma, Cans, saeklesio reforma ganaxor-
ciela or etapad. pirvel etapze man
381 saqarTvelos samoTxe, gamomcemuli g. sabininis mier, 1882, gv. 632; 382 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv.147 ; 383 k. kekeliZe, etiudebi, IV, gv. 330; 384 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996,gv . 242-256.
122 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
daamarcxa prosparsuli orientaciis
episkopati da maTi meTauri binqarani,
proberZnuli orientaciis marTlmadide-
beli miqael episkoposis daxmarebiT, me-
ore etapze ki man daamarcxa miqael
mTavarepiskoposi _ masze rangiT meti
`petre kaTalikosis~ bizantiidan Semoy-
vaniT. kaTalikos petres miqaelTan Se-
darebiT mefe uwodebs _ `umTavress~.
`gesma umTavresisa Senisa qarTlad moy-
vaneba... vercxlis moyvare xar Sen, rameTu
Senca megvadruce xar qristesi~, - ase
mimarTavs mefe miqaels.385
rogorc zemoTaa aRniSnuli, vaxtan-
gamde da mis saeklesio reformamde kavka-
siur qveynebSi sparseTis saxelmwifos
nebiT eklesiis xelSi moeqca saero xe-
lisuflebis didi nawili, amitomac,
rogorc iTqva, qarTuli eklesiis me-
Tauri glonoqori, qarTlisa da hereTis
erisTavi, e.i. saero uzenaesi xelisufa-
li iyo. somxuri wyaroebis Tanaxmad ki,
eklesiis xelSi moeqca saxelmwifo Se-
mosavlebis akrefis saqme. rogorc Cans,
miqael mTavarepiskopisis xelT iyo sax-
elmwifo gadasaxadebis mokrebis saqme,
rac Cans, qarTveli mefisaTvis, romel-
ic sparsuli xelisuflebisagan Tavis
daRwevas cdilobda , miuRebeli iyo.
swored amitom unda exmara mefes miqae-
lis mimarT sityvebi `megvadruce~ da
`vercxlismoyvare~. marTlac, Cveni macx-
ovris ieso qristes saZmoSi saerTo sal-
aro ebara iudas, igi iyo megvadruce.
mefis azriT, aseve megvadruce anu Tanx-
is, salaros mepatronea miqaelic _ `aR-
egzen SuriT viTarca iuda petresiTa,
rameTu Sen xar viTarca iuda, xolo
eklesia _ viTarca petre~.386
bizantiasa da mTel maSindel msof-
lioSi, vaxtangis Tvalwin mimdinareob-
da sapatriarqoebis (samamamTavroebis)
warmoqmna _ mcire eklesiebis gaeTianeb-
is gziT. Cans, amis gaTvaliswinebiT da
msoflio eklesiaSi arsebuli situaci-
is gamoyenebiT vaxtangma Semoiyvana pe-
tre viTarca eklesiis `mamamTavari~
(rogorc `moqcevaY qarTlisaY~ uwodebs)
sayovelTao episkoposi axlad gaerTianeb-
uli da gamTlianebuli qveynis masSta-
biT, igi umTavresi unda yofiliyo
miq aelzec. amiT, Cans, mefes surda
SeezRuda, anda saerTod gaeuqmebina
sparselTa mier danergili wesi _ ek-
lesiis mier saero xelisuflebis mniS-
vnelovani nawilis gangebisa, rasac mi-
aRwia mefem. iqamde ki, reformis pirvel
etapze, rogorc iTqva, mefem daamarcxa
prosparsuli orientaciis episkopati,
swerda kidec amis Sesaxeb imperators
_ `macduri binqaran mivec sapyrobilesa
da sikvdilisagan gardaixvewa. man ukue
moiyvana sparsni qarTlad da davsvi
episkoposad miqael, kaci sarwmuno~.387
binqarani _ cxadia aris ara cecxl-
Tayvanismcemeli, aramed qristiani episko-
posi, romlis nacvlad mefem dasva episko-
posad miqaeli, rogorc es konteqstidan
Cans. binqaranis `cecxlTayvanismcemlo-
ba~ imiT gamoixateba, rom prosparsuli,
albaT siro-sparsuli saeklesio orien-
taciis episkoposia da SesaZloa qris-
tian-maniqevelTa frTasac ekuTvnoda.
mTlianad gasaTvaliswin ebelia k.
kekeliZis mosazreba, rom `kaTolikozis
tituli TavisTavad arc damoukideblo-
bis momaswavlebelia da arc damokide-
bulebisa~,388 rom ̀ kaTolikozobis SemoRe-
385 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 197; 386 iqve, gv. 197; 387 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv . 179; 388 k. kekeliZe,etiudebi, IV, gv. 337.
123saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
bas araviTari cvlileba ar mouxdenia
iberiis eklesiis Tavis ierarqiul-kanon-
ikur damokidebulebaSi da ase vTqvaT
saeklesiaTaSoriso mdgomareobaSi~.
k. kekeliZis azriT, qarTul ekle-
sias vaxtang gorgaslis dros avtoke-
falia ar moupovebia, amis damadasture-
beli araviTari cnoba ar arsebobs.
k. kekeliZis azriT, saqarTvelos ek-
lesia konstantinopolis sapatriarqos
arasodes eqvemdebareboda, mis iuris-
diqciaSi ar yofila: `miuRebelia is
azri, viTomc iberebi konstantinopo-
lis eklesias daeqvemdebarnen, vinaidan
im dros, rodesac iberebma qristianoba
miiRes, konstantinopolis sapatriarqo
arc ki arsebobda, is isaxeba IV s-is
bolos, II msoflio krebis Semdeg, da
sabolood Camoyalibda V s-is bolos
IV msoflio krebaze, manamde ki kon-
stantinopolis episkoposi TviTon emor-
Cileboda herakliis mitropolits mcire
aziaSi~.389 es mosazreba misaRebia. Cvenc,
Cveni mxriv, mis gansamtkiceblad mov-
iyvaneT Cveni argumentebi.390
mTlianadaa gasaziarebeli k. kekel-
iZis meore mosazrebac, rom arc daarse-
bisas _ IV s-Si da arc Semdgom _ V-
VI ss-Si qarTuli eklesia ar yofila
antioqiis sapatriarqos iurisdiqciis
qveS. k. kekeliZe wers: `eWvi araa, rom
VII s-mde iberiis eklesias uSualo
damokidebulebiTi kavSiri antioqiasTan
ar hqonia, arc erTi sando cnoba da
wyaro ar moipoveba iseTi, romelic adas-
turebdes aseT kavSirs. marTalia, ase-
Ti Tqmulebebi arsebobs, magaliTad,
evstaTi antioqielisa da vaxtang gor-
gaslis drois Sesaxeb, magram es aris
gamoZaxili mermindeli kavSirisa da ara
Tavdapirvelisa~.39 1
marTalac, dRemde arc erTi sando
cnoba anda wyaro antioqiis sapatri-
arqos iurisdiqciaSi qarTuli eklesiis
yofnis Sesaxeb aRmoCenili ar aris, am-
itomac mTlianad unda gaviziaroT jer
kidev XI s-Si giorgi mTawmidelis mier
gamoTqmuli mosazreba, rom saqarTve-
los eklesia arasodes Sedioda antio-
qiisa da arc erTi sxva ucxo eklesiis
iurisdiqciaSi, vinaidan Tavidanve avtoke-
faluri iyo, viTarca sxva mociqulTa
mier daarsebuli eklesiebi Zvel msof-
lioSi (ix. `Teoriebi qarTuli eklesiis
avtokefaliis Sesaxeb 392). es sakiTxi
gamowvlilviT gvaqvs gaanalizebuli amave
wignis paragrafSi _ `antioqiis II saek-
lesio kreba~, romelSic iseve, rogorc
paragrafSi `antioqiis I saeklesio kre-
ba~ araa gaziarebuli k. kekeliZisa da
sxv aTa mier gamoTq muli mosazreb a
TiTqosda VII s-is Semdeg qarTuli ek-
lesia Sevida antioqiis sapatriarqos
iurisdiqciaSi. rogorc v. goilaZem
gaarkvia, efrem mciresa, nikon SavmTelisa
da sxvaTa cnobebi, rom antioqiis pa-
triarqma Teofilaqtem VIII s-Si avtoke-
falia mianiWa ara mcxeTis sakaTaliko-
sos, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos im
nawils, romelic VII s-is Semdeg Sevi-
da konstantinopolis sapatriarqos
iurisdiqciaSi, xolo konstantinopol-
Si xatmebrZoluri eresis gamo gamovida
am sapatriarqos iurisdiqciidan da Seec-
ada kanonikuri gziT moepovebina Tavisu-
fleba bizantiuri eklesiisagan, rasac
miaRwia kidec VIII s-Si antioqiis pa-
triarq Teofilaqtes mier. (es sakiTxi
389 iqve , gv. 346; 390 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, gv. 185-203; 391 k. kekeliZis,etiudebi, IV, gv. 347-349; 392 saq . sam. ek. ist., t. I, gv . 315-325.
124 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ganxiluli gvaqvs paragrafSi `afxaze-
Tis sakaTalikosos daarseba~).393
k. kekeliZis azriT, qarTuli ekle-
sia daarsebisTanave , IV, V da VI ss-Si
- 300 wlis manZilze imyofeboda somx-
uri eklesiis iurisdiqciis qveS. igi
wers: `eWvmiutanelia isic, rom Tavda-
pirvelad, IV, V da VI ss-Si, iberias
somxebTan hqonda rogorc kulturuli,
ise ierarqiuli kavSiri, romelic Sewy-
da VII s-is damdegs~.394
am azrs ar eTanxmeba iv . javaxiS-
vili da sxva mecnierebi.395 (es sakiTxi
ganxiluli gvaqvs aqve paragrafSi `dvi-
nis saeklesio kreba~).
k. kekeliZis azriT, qarTulma ekle-
siam avtokefalia moipova XI s-Si, iqam-
de igi VII s-dan antioqiis sapatri-
arqos iurisdiqciaSi imyofeboda, xolo
IV-V da VI ss-Si somxur eklesias eqvem-
debareboda rogorc kulturulad, ise
ierarqiulad. es Tvalsazrisi CvenTvis
miuRebelia, rac ganxilulia aqve, Sesa-
bamis krebaTa ganxilvis dros.
Cven gvainteresebs saeklesio samarT-
lis wyaroebi IV-V ss-Si. am dros qarTu-
li eklesiis samarTlis wyaros warmoad-
genda ucxo eklesia da misi dadgenile-
bebi, Tu adgilobrivi saeklesio kreba-
Ta gadawyvetilebani. k. kekeliZis mo-
sazrebiT: `iberiis eklesia maSin aR-
mocenda, rodesac msoflio eklesiis or-
ganizacia sabolood Camoyalibebuli ar
iyo, es IV krebaze moxda, maSin, IV s-
is naxevarSi mxolod safuZveli eyre-
boda am saqmes, amitom calkeuli saek-
lesio erTeulebi, ufro ki imperiis
gareSe, e.w. `barbarosTa~ Soris, ganagr-
Zobdnen arsebobas jer kidev `Zvelad
miRebul CveulebaTa~ mixedviT (III msof.
krebis me-2 kanoni). am ̀ CveulebaTa ZaliT,
rodesac erTi romelime eri meorisagan
qristianobas miiRebda, saeklesio-sarw-
munoebriv saqmeSi misi xelmZRvanelobis
qveS rCeboda, sanam TviT am erSi ar
Seiqmneboda iseTi pirobebi, romelnic
SesaZleblad gaxdidnen iq damoukidebel,
uzrunvel cxovrebas. ase unda momx-
dariyo ueWvelad iberiaSic. Cvens saist-
orio mwerlobaSi iberiis saeklesiaTa-
Soriso mdgomareobis Sesaxeb aseTi azria:
qristianobis miRebidanve iberiis ekle-
sia sxva eklesias daemorCila da Tanda-
Tan saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi is Tavisu-
flebas poulobda~.396
rogorc vxedavT, k. kekeliZis Tval-
sazrisiT, qarTuli eklesia ucxo ekle-
sias, somxurs, unda daqvemdebareboda
III msoflio krebis me-2 kanonis ZaliT,
romelSic naxsenebia winadadeba `Zvel
CveulebaTa mixedviT~, TiTqosda Zveli
Cveulebis Zala aseT daqvemdebarebas
moiTxovda. III msoflio krebis me-2 kan-
onSi msgavsi araferia naTqvami, aRniSnu-
li winadadeba Cven gvxvdeba II msoflio
krebis me-2 kanonSi. es kanoni brZanebs:
`warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo tom-
Ta eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa mier
dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~.397
sinamdvileSi ra igulisxmeba `mama-
Ta mier dawesebul Zvel kanonebSi~ amis
gasarkvevad albaT gamodgeba II msof-
lio krebamde Catarebuli laodikiis
krebis 21-e kanoni, romelSic swored
aRniSnuli winadadeb aa naxsene bi: _
`episkoposi erTi samwysodan nu gadava
sxva samwysoSi, nurc Tavisi nebiT, nurc
mrevlis iZulebiT, nurc episkoposTa
393 saq . sam. ek. ist. , t. II , gv. 89; 394 k. kekeliZe, etiudebi, IV, gv. 346-349; 395 saq . sam. ek. ist.,t. I , gv. 325-438; 396 k. kekeliZe, ertiudebi, IV, gv. 346; 397 `didi sjuliskanoni~, saqarTveloseklesiis kalendari, 1987 w., gv. 211.
125saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
nebiT, aramed darCes im eklesiaSi, romel-
Sic RvTis nebiT Tavidan iyo arCeuli
da nu Seicvlis adgils mamaTa mier adre
miRebuli dadgenilebisamebr~.397
`didi sjuliskanonis~ xelnawerSi,
laodikiis krebis 21-e kanonis qveS, gan-
martebulia Tu ra igulisxmeba `mamaTa
mier adre miRebul dadgenilebebSi~, ker-
Zod, xelnawerSi ganmartebulia _ mis
arSiazea minaweri: `nikeis me-16 kanons
gulisxmobs~.39 8
nikeis I msoflio krebis rogorc
me-15, ise me-16 kanoni sastikad krZa-
lavs erTi eparqiidan meoreSi sasuli-
ero piris, maT Soris episkoposis gag-
zavnas, kerZod, me-15 kanonSi naTqvamia:
`wmida krebas miaCnia, sruliad mois-
pos zog mxareSi damkvidrebuli ukanono
Cveuleba da qalaqidan qalaqSi ar gada-
diodes arc episkoposi, arc mRvdeli,
arc diakoni. Tu vinmem am didi krebis
dadgenilebis Semdeg xeli mihyos aseT
saqmes, sruliad daumtkicebeli iyos
mis mier mopovebuli da gadayenebul
iqnes, ginda episkoposad iyos xeldasxmu-
li da ginda mRdvlad~.399
am da sxva kanonebis ZaliT, Tuki
vTqvaT somexTa kaTalikosma IV s-Si
Tavisi diakoni akurTxa sxva, kerZod,
qarTuli eklesiis episkoposad, daur-
Rvevia nikeis krebis aRniSnuli kanonebi
da igi unda gadaeyenebinaT, maSasadame,
`iob somexi~, romelic odesRac diakvnad
yofila somxeTSi, saqarTveloSi somex-
Ta kaTalikoss ki ar dauyenebia episko-
posad, aramed es piri diakvnisave xarisx-
iT, Tavisi nebiT Camosula qarTlSi, aq
ki igi Tavisi piradi damsaxurebis gamo
qarTvel episkoposebs jer ukurTxebiaT
episkoposad, Semdeg ki eklesiis meTau-
radac dausvams adgilobriv saxelmwifo
xelisuflebas. swored ase unda ganvix-
iloT nikeis krebis aRniSnuli kanoni,
sxvagvar qmedebas kreba krZalavs. TiTq-
mis igivea me-16 kanonic: `..Tu vinmem
sxvisi moyvasis gadmobireba da Tavis
eklesiaSi xeldasxma gabedos im episko-
posis Tanxmobis gareSe, romlisganac
kanonis mier ganCinebuli piri wamosulia,
daumtkicebeli iyos misi xeldasxma~.400
a m kanon is Z aliT , iob diakons
saqarTveloSi mosvlis dros Tan unda
hqonoda somexi kaTalikosis Tanxmoba,
misi sxva eparqiaSi wasvlis nebarTva.
es cxadia ar niSnavs, rom iobi Semdeg-
Sic somexTa kaTalikoss eqvemdebarebo-
da. safiqrebelia, rom saqarTvelos ek-
lesias episkoposTa kreba warmarTavda,
eklesiis meTauris, anu mTavarepiskopo-
sis meTaurobiT, rogorc amas moiTxov-
da nikeis krebis me-4 kanoni. episkopos-
Ta krebis gareSe (e .i. Tuki eklesiaSi
ar iyo ramdenime episkoposi) aseTi ek-
lesia arc ki CaiTvleba eklesiad, anu
`saeklesio samTavrod~ _ `episkoposi
unda daadginos samTavros yvela episko-
posma~ (me-4 kanoni), anda `TiToeul
samTavroSi weliwadSi orjer Catardes
episkoposTa kreba, rom mTeli samTavros
episkoposTa saerTo Sekrebaze aseTi sa-
davo saqme ganxilul iqnes~ (me-5 kano-
ni); Tuki qarTul eklesiaSi mxolod erTi
episkoposi iyo, rogorc k. kekeliZe wers,
maSin igi arc ki yofila organizaciu-
lad Camoyalibebuli da mxolod sxva
eklesiis nawili yofila, radganac ek-
lesiis arsebobas mxolod episkoposTa
kreba ganapirobebda.
398 saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987 w., gv. 202; 399 iqve, gv. 202, SeniSvn a; 400 `didisjuliskanoni~, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 181.
126 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
`mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli kanon-
ebi~, rogorc iTqva, naxsenebia II msof-
lio krebis me-2 kanonSi, romelic mtki-
ced icavs eklesiaTa TavisTavadoba-av-
tokefalias: ̀ ...TiToeul samTavros (epar-
qias) ganagebs amave samTavros kreba ni-
keaSi gansazRvruli kanonis Tanaxmad,
xolo warmarTTa Soris arsebuli ucxo
tomTa eklesiebi unda ganagon mamaTa
mier dawesebuli Zveli kanonebis mixed-
viT~.401 rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, imave
kanonSi naTqvamia _ `eklesiaTa keTilad
ganmartebisa da mSvidobisaTvis arc erT
episkoposs ara aqvs ufleba gascdes Tavis
eklesiis sazRvrebs da SeiWras sxva ek-
lesiis sazRvrebSi, raTa ar moaxdinos
eklesiebis aRreva. kanonTa Tanaxmad
aleqsandriis episkoposi unda ganageb-
des mxolod egviptis eklesiebs, aRmo-
savleTis episkoposni unda ganagebdnen
mxolod aRmosavleTis eklesiebs. dacu-
li unda iyos nikeis kanonebiT dawese-
buli pativi antioqiis eklesiisa. aziis
soflebis episkoposni unda ganagebdnen
mxolod aziis eklesiebs, pontoeli
episkoposni unda ganagebdnen mxolod
pontos eklesiebs, xolo Trakiis episko-
posni _ mxolod Trakiis eklesiebs. episko-
posi ar unda gavides Tavisi samrevlo
eklesiis farglebidan xeldasxmisaTvis
an sxva raime saeklesio gangebisaTvis
mowodebisagan an miwvevis gareSe~.402
aq sruliad gasagebadaa naTqvami, rom
saqarTvelos mezoblad avtokefaluri iyo
pontos, Trakiis, `asiis~, `aRmosavle-
Tis~ eklesiebi, Tu aRaras vityviT, an-
tioqiisa da aleqsandriis eklesiebze.
II msoflio krebis droisaTvis da mis
Semdegac, IV s-sa da V s-is dasawyisSi,
imperiaSi mravali avtokefaluri ekle-
sia arsebobda, rogorc cnobili kanon-
istebi s. troicki da a. kartaSevi gan-
martaven. amitomac, rogorc zemoT moy-
vanili kanonebic uCveneben, swored is
iyo akrZaluli, rac k. kekeliZis si-
tyviT TiTqosda CvenSi iyo damkvidrebu-
li: viTomda erTi ucxo eklesia ganagebda
meores da es ukanaskneli ki Tavs ver
ixsnida. IV s-Si aseTi urTierTdamok-
ide buleba akrZaluli iyo. mxolod
Semdgom, rogorc ganmartavs a. kartaSevi,
kerZod, ki V s-is Semdeg, did sapatri-
arqoTa Camoyalibebis kvaldakval impe-
riaSi iqamde arsebuli 100-ze meti av-
tokefaluri eklesiis gaerTianebis Sed-
egad imperiaSi Camoyalibda 6 avtoke-
faluri eklesia _ konstantinopolis,
aleqsandriis, antioqiis, ierusalimis,
romisa da kviprosisa.403
radganac IV-V ss-Si imperiaSi arse-
bobda mravali avtokefaluri eklesia,
romelTa avtokefaliasac icavda saek-
lesio kanonebi, saqarTvelos eklesiac
ar unda yofiliyo gamonaklisi da igi
iseTive uflebebis matarebeli unda yo-
filiyo, rogorc sxva mociqulTa mier
daarsebuli eklesiebi qristianul msof-
lioSi, rogorc amas miuTiTebs wm. giorgi
mTawmideli. amitomac saeklesio samarT-
lis wyaros adgilobrivi saeklesio ier-
arqia da saxelmwifo xelisufleba war-
moadgenda da, Sesabamisad, misi samarT-
lis wyaro ar yofila konstantinopole-
li an antioqieli ierarqebis dadgenile-
bani, igi imarTeboda msoflio eklesia-
Si imJamad arsebuli kanonebis mixedviT.
401 `didi sjuliskanoni~, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 211; 402 iqve , gv. 210; 403
`qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis Sesaxeb~, saq. samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, gv . 185-203.
127saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
VI s-Si udidesi mniSvnelobis gar-
datexa moxda saqarTvelos politikur
da saeklesio cxovrebaSi, kerZod, da-
sustda da TandaTanoboT gauqmda erovnu-
li saxelmwifoebriob a, saqarTvelo
sparseTis da bizantiis xeldebul ter-
itoriebad gadaiqca. farnavazian-xos-
roianTa aTaswlovani qarTuli samefo
dinastia sparselTa mier idevneboda. VII
s-Si es dinastia kvlav idevneboda ukve
arabTa mier. qarTuli saxelmwifoebri-
oba sabolood moiSala. centraluri xe-
lisufleba Zalze dasustda, moiSala
saero-admin istraciuli mmarTveloba
kuTxeebSic. gaCnda xelisuflebis defi-
citi, ramac cxadia samarTlebriv qaos-
sa da ganukiTxaobas Seuwyo xeli. am
dros, samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT,
qarTulma eklesiam miiRo axali fun-
qciebi. igi Seecada wesierebis, sa-
marTlisa da wesrigis kerad gadaq-
ceuliyo adgilebze, calkeul saepisko-
posoebsa da mxareebSi. VIII-IX ss-Si
qarTuli eklesiis saero sammarTvelo
Tvisebebi gansakuTrebiT gamoikveTa.
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi
dvinis krebidan ruis-urbnisis krebamde (VI-XI ss.)
amis Sedegia is uCveulo samarT-
lebrivi Tvisebebi, romlebic daaxasiaTa
iv . javaxiSvilma: `saqarTvelos ekle-
sias saxelmwifo cxovrebasa da wes-wy-
obilebaSi gansakuTrebuli upirateso-
bani hqonda mopovebuli, msgavsad romis
eklesiisa. amiT igi ara mxolod saekle-
sio dawesebuleba iyo, aramed saxelm-
wifoebrivi sxeulisa da saxelmwifoe-
brivi erTeulis Tvisebebis mqone. Cveni
eklesiis aRniSnul ufleba-upirateso-
baTa Sesaxeb cnobebis miReba mxolod
sigel-gujrebidan SeiZleba. am sabuTeb-
Si mravali cnoba exeba saqarTvelos ek-
lesiis kaTalikos-patriarqis centraluri
sammarTvelos organizacias~.404
iv. javaxiSvilis sityviT, saqarTve-
los eklesias Tavisi marTva-gamgeoba mow-
yobili hqonda `saxelmwifo marTva-gam-
geobis wesebze~. qarTul eklesias hqon-
da Tavisi sasamarTlo, Tavisi ekonomikuri
politika, hyavda sakuTari jari da Tavisi
ymebi, amasTanave, moepoveboda saxelmwifo
marTva-gamgeobis wesebze mowyobili mox-
eleoba, amitom bevris mxriv saxelmwi-
foebrivi sxeulis Tvisebebi etyoboda.405
404 iv. javaxiSvili. Txzulebani 12 tomad, t. VI, gv. 67; 405 iqve, gv. 37.
128 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mecnieris sityviT, qarTuli saekle-
sio samarTali warmonaSobia qarTuli
eklesiis, viTarca saxelmwifoebrivi sxe-
ulis yofa-cxovrebidan, am mxriv, qarTu-
li saeklesio samarTali ufro miagavs
romis eklesiis `Corpus turis caninici~-s,
vidre berZenTa da rusTa saeklesio sa-
marTals, aseve, msgavsad amisa, qarTu-
li eklesia Tavisi wes-wyobilebis bevri
TvisebiT ufro romis saSualo sauku-
neebis eklesias miagavda, vidre erTmor-
wmune berZenTa da rusTa eklesiebs.406
qarTuli saeklesio samarTali maSin
daemgvana dasavlurs, roca romis ekle-
sia marTlmadidebluri aRmsareblobisa
iyo - VII-X ss-Si. kidev erTxel gada-
vxedoT, Tu rogori politikuri viTareba
iyo saqarTveloSi VII-X ss-Si. am dros
saqarTvelo viTarca erTiani qveyana ar
arsebobda, igi daSlili iyo terito-
riebad, calkeul kuTxeebad, romlebSic,
mxolod VIII-IX ss-Si daiwyo formire-
ba kuTxurma qarTulma saxelmwifoebrivma
erTeulebma _ afxazTa, qarTvelTa, kax-
Ta da herTa samefoebis saxiT, poli-
tikur-administraciuli centri Tbili-
si - arabTa saamiros dedaqalaqad iyo
gadaqceuli, qvemo qarTlSi monofizituri
somxuri eklesiis gabatonebis Sedegad
– e.w. `somexTa samefo~ (taSir Zorake-
tisa) Camoyalibda. axalCamoyalibebul
qarTul saxelmwifoebriv erTeulebze
Tavisi didi samarTlebrivi gavlena moi-
pova qarTulma eklesiam. amis erT-erT
mkafio magaliTad, romelsac qvemoT Sevex-
ebiT, migvaCnia qorepiskoposTa saekle-
sio institutis mier kaxeT-hereTis same-
fos formirebaSi gaweuli udidesi Rvaw-
li, agreTve serapion zarzmelis cxov-
rebaSi moxmobili faqti imisa, rom sam-
cxis episkoposma giorgim daawynara Tavis
eparqia _ samTavroSi didebulTa Soris
atexili mravalwliani dava, samarT-
lebrivi sasjeli daado didebulebs (TviT
mamulebis CamorTmeviTac ki) da uwes-
rigobasa da qaosSi Caflul mosaxle-
obaSi daamyara wesrigi _ `dascxres,
dadumnes SfoTni da uwesrigobani~. im-
Jamindel zogierT marTlmadidebel qvey-
anaSic aseve moipova eklesiam uzenaesi
samarTlebrivi funqcia, kerZod, rogorc
v. cipini wers – `Sua saukuneebSi evro-
pul dasavleTSi kaTolikuri eklesiis
wiaRSi, nawilobriv netari avgustines
Txzulebis `saRmrTo qalaqis~ gavleni-
Tac `ori maxvilis~ doqtrina Seiqmna,
romlis mixedviTac orive xelisufleba
_ saeklesioc da saxelmwifoc, erTi
uSualod, meore ki SuamavlobiT, romis
eklesiidan momdinareobs. Sua saukunee-
bis saero xelmwifeni papis vasalebad
iTvlebodnen . papebi TavianT Tavs ara
mxolod imperatorebisa da mefeebis
kurTxevis, aramed maTi taxtidan Camogde-
bis uflebasac ki aZlevdnen. kaTolikuri
doqtrinis ganviTarebam papebis saero
principatisa da maTi saeklesio da saero
xelisuflebis absoluturobis Sesaxeb
xeli Seuwyo im garemoebas, rom Sua
saukuneebis dasavleTis pirveli impera-
tori karlos didi, bizantieli basi-
levsebisagan gansxvavebiT, romaeli im-
peratorebis pirdapiri memkvidre ar iyo,
saimperatoro gvirgvini papma daadga ra,
misi saxiT, rogorc mraval `barbaros~
mefeTagan erT-erTs, romis imperatoris
tituli mianiW a. saero xelmwifeTa
winaaRmdeg brZolebSi papebis mZlavri
iaraRi interdati iyo, romelic ama Tu
im qveyanaSi RvTismsaxurebis Sesrule-
406 iv. javaxiSvili. Txzulebani 12 tomad, t. VI, gv. 36.
129saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
bas manamde krZalavda, sanam qveSevr-
domebi papis mier gankveTil TavianT
monarqs ar Camoagdebdnen, magram Tavi-
anTi prioritetis dasacavad papebi da
kaTolike episkoposebi SeiaraRebuli Za-
lis gamoyenebasac mimarTavdnen, Sede-
gad kaTolikuri eklesiis etatizireba
moxda, papebi sruluflebiani monarqebi
iyvnen italiis mniSvnelovani nawilis,
e.w. papis olqisa, romlis naSTsac Tan-
amedrove vatikani warmoadgens. mravali
episkoposi (gansakuTrebiT, germaniaSi)
Tavadi iyo, romelTac TavianT terito-
riaze xelisuflebasa da jarze saxelm-
wifoebrivi iurisdiqcia hqondaT brZoleb-
Si sxva e piskoposebis, hercoge bis,
markgrafebis, damoukidebeli qalaqebis,
mefeebis da TviT imperatorebis winaaRm-
degac ki winamZRolebad gamodiodnen~.407
saqarTvelos eklesia, rogorc aRin-
iSna, VI-X ss-Si, imyofeboda gansakuTre-
bul pirobebSi. VI s-is Semdeg, moryeu-
li saxelmwifoebriobis dros, maSin,
roca kanonierebis da marTlwesrigis
damcvels saxelmwifo aRar warmoadgen-
da, xolo, Semoseuli mteri ver am-
yarebda wesrigs, piriqiT, iwvevda sa-
marTlebriv qaoss, kuTxeebsa da olqeb-
Si saero didkacebi araTu icavdnen sa-
marTalsa da kanonierebas, aramed erT-
maneTs samkvdro-sasicocxlod ebrZod-
nen. amis gamo, rogorc Cveni samarTalm-
codneebi weren, sazogadod mTel qveya-
naSi, kerZod ki tao-klarjeTis `samTav-
roSi sasuliero xelisufleba didi av-
toritetiT sargeblobda da did Zalas
warmoadgenda qveynis cxovrebaSi. am
dros, sasuliero xelisufleba cdilobs
kidec upiratesobis mopovebas saeroze~.
m. lorTqifaniZis azriT, ara mxolod
tao-klarjeTSi, aramed mTel qveyanaSi
(saqarTveloSi) - `eklesia did Zalad
iqceva, is, saerTod, qveynis mmarTvelo-
bis xelSi Cagdebas lamobs. Widili saek-
lesio da saero-samoqalaqo xelisufle-
bas Soris, sabolood ukanasknelis gam-
arjvebiT mTavrdeba~.408 afxazTa same-
foSic eklesias didi Zala unda hqono-
da mopovebuli. araa SemTxveviTi, rom
konstantinopolis patriarqma nikoloz
mistikosma werilobiT sTxova giorgi
mefes daecva bizantielebTan megobro-
bis siwmide.409
ivane javaxiSvili `bagrat kurapa-
latis samarTlis wignis~ ganxilvis dros
aRniSnavs, rom bagratis samarTlidan
aRbuRas kanonebSi Setanili aris zogi-
erTi muxli. magaliTad, `meore mefe
episkoposi aris da qristianTa sjulisa
damamtkicebeli~ (iv. javaxiSvili, Tx-
zulebani 12 tomad, tomi VI, 1982, gv.
88). am muxlebis ZiriTadi nawili ume-
fobis dros, kerZod, VII-IX ss-Sia Sedge-
nili. `am muxlebSi episkoposi da, sa-
zogadod, samRvdeloeba srul batonadaa
gamoyvanili, maT winaaRmdeg mefe uZlu-
ria, araferi SeuZlia, amitom samive es
muxli (101, 102, 103-e aRbuRas samar-
Tlisa) iseT xanas unda ekuTvnodes, roca
samRvdeloeba saqarTveloSi sruli ba-
toni iyo da saero mTavrobaze maRla
eWira Tavi, ese igi daviT aRmaSeneblis
uwinaresi xanisa unda iyos. swored am
dros iyvnen monazvnebi batonad da mTavris
mowvevis baraTze pasuxad SeeZloT SeeTv-
alaT, bers SenTan `ara hnebavs mosv-
lao~... am dros beri-arqimandriti imde-
nad Zlieri iyo, rom Tavisuflad mefes
satrfos arTmevda, monasterSi hketav-
da, aseT xanaSi daadgendnen: `rac unda
407 v. cipini, saeklesio samarTali, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1999, gv. 149; 408 narkv., II,1973, gv. 448; 409 iqve, gv. 435.
130 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
Sescodos episkoposma, moZRvarma, mRvdel-
ma Tu monazonma mefeso, mainc xeli ar
axloTo, imitom rom meore mefe episko-
posi aris, arca mefesa sjulisa saqme
aqvso~.410 iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, aRniS-
nuli kanonebi `ufro IX s-is sazoga-
doebrivi azris gamomxatvelia. kanonTa
es muxlebi TiTqos ufro bagrat I kura-
palatis droindeli gamodis~.411
`n. maris azriT, bizantiaSi xatme-
brZolobis epoqaSi `erT mxares idgnen
umaRlesi saero moxeleebi da episko-
posebi, romelnic imis momxreni iyvnen,
rom imperators Tvalyuri edevnebina ek-
lesiisaTvis da waremarTa kidec misi
saqmianoba, xolo meore mxares idgnen
berebi... isini im mosazrebiT xelmZRv-
anelobdnen, rom saero xelisufleba ar
unda ereodes sasuliero wodebis saqme-
Si. es mimarTuleba damarcxda bizantia-
Si. saqarTveloSi, mesxeTSi ki, piriqiT,
n. maris azriT, gaimarjva meore mima-
rTulebam. aq, eklesiis meTaurebi `Zli-
er Zalad grZnoben Tavs da eklesiis
damoukideblobas saero xelisuflebisa-
gan gaSmagebiT icavdnen~.412
g. nadareiSvilis azriT, maSindel
mesxeTSi sasuliero pirebi, gansakuTre-
biT, berebi, did Zalas warmoadgendnen,
arcTu iSviaTad, isini Tavis damoukide-
blobas saero xelisuflebis winaSe war-
matebiT usvamdnen xazs. giorgi merCules
moTxrobili aqvs, Tu rogor SeZlo
klarjeTis udab noTa arqimandritma
grigol xanZTelma guaram mamfalis sur-
vilis winaaRmdeg arsenis kaTalikosad
datoveba. saba iSxneli bagrat kurapa-
latis mier weriliT dabarebuli, urCo-
bas iCens da ar cxaddeba mis winaSe...
sasuliero pirebi, araiSviaTad, saekle-
sio xelisuflebis saxelmwifo xelisu-
flebis winaSe upiratesobasac ki usvam-
dnen xazs. isini TiTqos Teoriuladac
asabuTebdnen samRvdeloebis upirateso-
bas, saero mTavrobasTan SedarebiT~.412
n. mari werda: `Zvel saqarTveloSi
saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis er-
Toba warmoadgenda udavo faqts~.413 ek-
lesiis xelSi saero da sasuliero Za-
lauflebis Tavmoyris tradiciul gad-
monaSTad n. mars miaCnda Wyondidel-
mwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdeboba. moZR-
varTa instituts iseTive didi mniSvnelo-
ba hqonda saqarTveloSi, rogoric vard-
apets somxeTSi.
gansakuTrebiT kargad Cans eklesiis
avtoriteti da Zala kaxeTis samTavros
(samefos) Camoyalibebis saqmeSi. am dros
eklesia faqtobrivad marTavda kaxeTs
qorepiskoposis institutis meSveobiT.
`kaxeTis saeklesio ierarqiaSi arsebobs
qorepiskoposis Tanamdeboba. qorepisko-
posi Tavis Tavdapirveli SinaarsiT sof-
luri dasaxlebis, mxaris episkoposis
xelisuflebis gamtareblad gamodis, wa-
narTa qorepiskoposma Cans, TandaTan, feo-
dalizaciis procesis Sesabamisad mii-
taca saero xelisufleba, saero da sa-
suliero xelisuflebis erTi piris xe-
lSi gaerTianebis aseTi tradicia ucxo
ar aris saqarTvelos mTianeTis mosax-
leobisaTvis. niSandoblivia, rom es ten-
dencia xevis mosaxleobasac axasiaTebs,
rac amjerad gansakuTrebiT saintere-
soa, radgan wanarTa Tavdapirveli sacx-
ovrisi, rogorc cnobilia, swored am
raionSia sagulvebeli. wanarTa poli-
tikur eqspansias wanarTa qorepiskopo-
410 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 89; 411 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 90; 412 g. n adareiSvili,niko mari da qarTuli samarTlis istoriis sakiTxebi, 1989, gv. 17; 413 iqve, gv. 92.
131saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
sis kaxeTis mmarTvel qorepiskoposad
transformacia mohyva Sedegad~.414 sa-
suliero xelisufali qorepiskoposi
kaxeTSi gadaiqca uvrcelesi samefos
(samTavros) – saero mmarTvel uzenaes
xelisuflad. Tumca, ukve IX s-saTvis,
rogorc fiqroben, mas daukargavs sa-
suliero funqcia da mxolod saero
darCenia. sasuliero xelisufali _ kax-
eTis saero mTavrad gadaiqca.415
msgavseba, romelic ivane javaxiS-
vilma SeniSna, dasavlur (evropul) da
qarTul eklesiaTa Soris am mxriv sax-
ezea, magram aqve isic unda aRiniSnos,
rom swored aRniSnul epoqaSi, anu VII-
VIII ss-Si bizantieli imperatorebi da,
maSasadame , saero xelisufleba mwvale-
blebi (ZiriTadad xatmebrZolebi) iyvnen,
devnidnen marTlmadidebel eklesias, am-
itomac bizantiaSi eklesia araTu saero
xelisuflebis SeTvisebis, piriqiT, dev-
nis procesSi iyo. misi eklesiuri xe-
lisuflebac ki dasustebuli iyo. piri-
qiT, saimperatoro xelisufleba cdi-
lobda sasulieros miTvisebasa da masze
gabatonebas.
bizantiuri azrovnebis Tanaxmad, maTi
qveyana warmoadgenda imave romis impe-
rias, xolo bizantieli imperatorebi
Zveli romaeli imperatorebis pirdapir
memkvidreebs, aqedan gamomdinare, maT
hqondaT uzenaesi uflebebi rogorc
saero, ise sasuliero xelisuflebis
mimarT, da hqondaT Sesabamisi titula-
turac. aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTveloSic
Seiqmna doqtrina, romlis mixedviTac
axali qarTuli samefo dinastia bagra-
tionebisa (aRzevebuli Cans qarTuli
eklesiis xelSewyobiT) miiCneoda davi-
Tis (israelis cxebuli mefis) memkvi-
dred. qarTuli eklesiis udidesi moZR-
vari grigol xanZTeli ase mimarTavs am
d in ast ii s f uZ e md e b els - `da v iT
winaswarmetyvelisa da uflisa mier cx-
ebulisa Svilad wodebulo xelmwifeo,
mefoba da saTnoebanica misi dagimkvi-
dren qristeman RmerTman, romlisaTvis-
ca amas mogaxseneb, ara moakldes mTavro-
ba SvilTa SenTa da naTesavTa maTTa
qveyanaTa amaT ukunisamde JamTa, aramed
iyvnen igini mtkiced ufroYs kldeTa
myarTa da mTaTa saukuneTa da didebul
iyvnen ukunisamde~.416 am formuliT bagra-
tionma mefeebma (IX s-Si) Tavisi adgili
moipoves saeklesio samarTlis sferoSi.
qarTvel bagrationTa `qristes naTe-
saobisa~ da `daviTis Zeobis~ Sesaxeb
icodnen bizantiaSic, rogorc iuwyeba
konstantine porfirogeneti.
qarTuli doqtrinis Sesabamisad, sax-
elmwifo da saeklesio xelisuflebis wya-
ro ufalia, bagrationebi uflis cxebu-
lis Svilad wodebulebi arian, eklesi-
is Tavi ki ufalia. eklesia misi qveyni-
uri nawilia, aqedanaa qarTuli simfo-
nia saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris.
eklesia da saero xelisufleba saqar-
TveloSi simfoniur kavSirSi iyvnen .
saqarTvelos eklesia iyo damoukidebe-
li, avtokefaluri, mas ar hyavda e.w.
kiriarqaluri eklesia, anu eklesia, ro-
melsac igi emorCileboda, aqedan gamom-
dinare, misTvis ar idga saWiroeba rome-
lime ucxo eklesiis patriarqs, krebaTa
dadgenilebas Tu sinods damorCilebo-
da, aResrulebina maTi dadgenilebani,
Tumca ki, cxadia saqarTvelos eklesia
xelmZRvanelobda imave sjuliskanoniT,
romliTac marTlmadidebluri bizanti-
uri eklesiebi. saqarTvelos eklesiis
414 nark. II, gv. 390; 415 iqve , gv. 395; 416 qrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 110.
132 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saeklesio kanonikuri samarTlis wyaros
warmoadgenda sakuTari eklesiis kreba-
Ta da mis meTaurTa dadgenilebani.417
cxadia, saqarTvelos eklesias arc
erTi ucxo patriarqi da arc bizanti-
is imp eratori ugzavn ida sagan ge bo
sigelebs, mimarTuls qarTuli saekle-
sio sakiTxebisadmi.
ruis-urbnisis krebamde da mis Semdgo-
mac qarTuli eklesiis saeklesio samarT-
lis wyaros warmoadgenda saqarTvelos
saeklesio krebebi da sxva adgilobrivi
wyaroebi, dadgenilebani. amis dasturi
aris javaxeTSi mowveuli saeklesio kreba,
romelmac sruliad damoukideblad gada-
wyvita Cveni eklesiis iseTi mniSvnelo-
vani saeklesio-kanonikuri sakiTxi, rogor-
icaa misi meTauris – kaTalikosis gamorCe-
va da misi aRsaydreba.
rogorc cnobilia, bizantiis imperi-
aSi, bizantiuri samarTlebrivi Tval-
sazrisis Sesabamisad, imperatorTa Za-
laufleba vrceldeboda yvela marTlma-
didebel xalxze, miT umetes TviTon
bizantiur eklesiebze.418 saqarTveloSi
am bizantiur Tvalsazriss ar aRiarebd-
nen, marTalia, did pativs miagebdnen
bizantiis imperators, magram saqarTvelo-
Si msgavsi uflebebi eniWeboda saqarTve-
los mefesa da darbazis kars, romelic
(es ukanaskneli) scemda kidec, mematian-
eTa sityviT, eklesiaTa mimarT Sesabamis
wesebs (es sakiTxi Semdgom paragrafSia
ganxiluli) . saWiroebis SemTxve vaSi
qarTuli eklesia did winaaRmdegobas uw-
evda bizantiel imperatorebs. magali-
Tad, roca bizantiis imperatori basili
II bulgarTmmusvreli Semovida saqarTve-
loSi bizantiuri TvalsazrisiT samarT-
lebrivi saqmis – daviT kurapalatis
anderZis aRsasruleblad, rasac mohyva
bizantielTa mier samxreT saqarTvelos
okupacia, qarTulma eklesiam udidesi
winaaRmdegoba (Zalismieri – samxedro)
gauwia momxvdurebs da imperatoris
winaaRmdeg samamulo oms Caudga saTa-
veSi, kerZod, qarTveli episkoposebi: saba
mtbevari da ezra anCeli. es ise mou-
lodneli iyo, rom bizantiis umaRlesi
wreebi (rogorc saero, ise sasuliero)
qarTuli eklesiis winaaRmdeg ganewyvnen
imdenad, rom qarTvelTa `marTlmadide-
blobaSic~ ki eWvi Seitanes, bizantiaSi
mcxovrebi qarTveli moqalaqeebisa da
gansakuTrebiT ki bizantiaSi arsebuli
qarTuli monastrebis berebis ukidure-
si devna daiwyes (aTonis iverTa monas-
terSi, antioqiasa da sxvagan).419
amJamindel saeklesio samarTalSi ar-
sebobs orgvari Sefaseba TviTmpyrobeli
imperatoris rolisa. pirveli _ amJamad
ufro aRiarebuli Tvalsazrisis Tanax-
mad, imperatorebis (ruseTSi mefeebis)
mier eklesiis meTauroba, Tuki aseTi
gamonaklisi arsebobda, miiCneva e.w. ̀ ceza-
ro-papizmad~ da miuReblad. meore Tval-
sazriss aviTarebdnen revoluciamdeli
rusi samarTalmcodneebi (amJamad ki Zir-
Tadad `sazRvargareTis rusuli eklesi-
is~ Teologebi), romlis mixedviTac bi-
zantiel da maT `memkvidre~ rus imper-
atorebs ekisrebodaT udidesi zedamdgo-
mlobiTi uflebebi eklesiis mimarT.
bizantieli kanonistebi monarqis sa-
kanonmdeblo uflebas Zalze afarToebd-
nen. oxrideli arqiepiskoposi dimitri
xomatini (XIII s.) werda _ `imperatori,
romelic iwodeba da aris saeklesio
417 Â. Öûïèí, Öåðêîâíîå Ïðàâî, 1994, ñ. 99; 418 Â. Öûïèí, Öåðêîâíîå ïðàâî, ñ. 105; 419 saqarTvelossamociqulo eklesiis istoria, II, 1998, gv . 177-194.
133saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
wesrigis umaRlesi mcveli, saeklesio
krebaTa dadgenilebebze ufro maRla dgas,
da aZlevs maT Zalasa da amoqmedebis
unars. igia winamZRoli saeklesio ier-
arqiisa, kanonmdebeli samRvdeloTa qceve-
bisa, mas ufleba aqvs gadawyvitos mit-
ropolitTa, episkoposTa da samRvdelo-
Ta Soris arsebuli kamaTi, da agreTve
vakantur saepiskoposo adgilebze daniS-
nos. SeuZlia saepiskoposo kaTedrebis
amaRleba, aiyvanos episkoposebi mitro-
politTa doneze. erTi sityviT, liturgiisa
da xeldasxmis uflebaTa garda, impera-
tori Tavis TavSi aerTianebs episkoposTa
yvela sxva upiratesobas, amitomac mis
dadgenilebebs kanonis Zala aqvT~.420
balsamoni aseve aRiarebda impera-
toris did uflebebs saeklesio saqmeTa
mimarT: `imperatorebi, rogorc patri-
arqebi, pativcemuli unda iqnen wmida
mironiT cxebis gamo. aqedan gamomdinar-
eobs ufleba imperatorebisa, aswavlon
qristian xalxs da mRvdelmTavarTa msgavsad
akmion eklesiaSi... imperatorTa Zala da
qmedeba vrceldeba qveSevrdomTa suleb-
sa da sxeulebze, maSin, roca patriar-
qi mxolod sulieri meTauria~.421
Tu balsamonis am azrs SevadarebT
gan saxilveli epoqis moRvawe wmida
grigol xanZTelis wiaRidan gamosuli
episkoposebis Tvalsazriss samefo xe-
lisuflebis Sesaxeb, arsebiT sxvaobas
davinaxavT: VIII s-is meore naxevarsa
da IX s-is dasawyisSi iSxneli episko-
posi bagrat kurapalats uSiSrad eub-
neba: `didebulo mefeo, Sen qveyanisa
xelmwife xar, xolo qriste zecisa da
qveynisa da qvesknelTa. Sen naTesavTa
amaT mefe xar, xolo qriste yovelTa
dabadebulTa. Sen warmavalTa amaT Jam-
Ta mefe xar, xolo qriste saukuno meufe
da sruli hgies ucvalebeli, uJamo, dau-
sabamo, dausrulebeli meufe angelozTa
da kacTa da ufrois Sensa jer ars
smena sityvaTa misTa!~422
kidev erTxel aRvniSnavT, balsamoni
saero xelmwifis (imperatoris) Sesaxeb
werda: `imperatoris Zala da qmedeba
vrceldeba qveSevrdomTa sulebsa da sxe-
ulebze, maSin roca patriarqi mxolod
sulieri meTauria~, qarTveli saba iSxne-
li episkoposis TvalsazrisiT, piriqiT –
xelmwife mxolod qveyniuri mefea, ma-
gram WeSmariti mefea qriste (e.i. misgan
saeklesio xelisufleba), romelic sulis
da xorcis (angelozTa da kacTa) meufea.
aqedan Cans, rom qarTuli saeklesio
samarTali memkvidrea pirvelqristianu-
li samociqulo eklesiis samarTlisa da
amitomac, ramdenadme TavisTavadia bi-
zantiuris mimarT. aq, albaT, gasaTval-
iswinebelia bizantiuri saxelmwifos
damokidebuleba eklesiis mimarT gansax-
ilvel xanaSi, kerZod, VIII-IX ss-Si. am
dros, rogorc cnobilia, bizantiuri ek-
lesia dasustebuli iyo, imperatorebi
ZiriTadad xatmebrZolebi iyvnen da
SeuzRudavad cdilobdnen sae klesio
saqmeTa marTvas, maSin, roca qarTuli
eklesia SedarebiT gaZlierebuli iyo
arabTa mier qarTuli saxelmwifoebrio-
bis moSla-dasustebis gamo. xatTayvan-
ismcemluri qarTuli eklesia qveynis
qristiani mosaxleobisaTvis marTlwes-
rigisa da samarTlis kerad iqca. qarTu-
li eklesiis xelSi im droisaTvis Tavs
iyrida ara mxolod sasuliero, aramed
nawilobriv saero xelisuflebac, ramac
420 Ñ. Òðîéöêèè, Öåðêîâíîå ïðàâî, ìàøèíîïèñü, Áèáëèîòåêà ÌÄÀ, ñ. 47-48, wignidan Â. Öûïèí, Öåðêîâíîåïðàâî, ñ. 35. Sdr.: saxelmwifoebrivi katexizmo, Tb. , 1999, gv. 17; 421 s. troickis dasax. naSr., gv.47-48; 422 cxovreba grigol xanZTelisa, qrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 119.
134 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
asaxva pova qarTuli saeklesio samarT-
lis Zeglebzec gansaxilveli periodisa
(es sakiTxi ganxilulia qvemoT para-
grafebSi `mwignobarTuxucesi~ da sxv.).
erT-erT aseT magaliTs, rogorc aRvniS-
neT, iZleva serapion zarzmelis cxovrebis
avtori: saero (samefo) xelisuflebis
uZlurebis gamo mravalwlovani dava,
romelic arsebobda samcxis samTavroSi
didebulTa Soris gadaWra mawyverelma
episkoposma giorgi Suartylelma, romel-
mac modave mxareebs mamulebi CamoarT-
va. am episkoposma `xelT idva ra gange-
ba samcxisa, daawynara yoveli sabrZane-
beli Tvisi, viTarca wesi iyo, da daipyra
yoveli mamuli da eklesiani pirvelTa
maT meSfoTeTani... viTarca gardaxda we-
liwadi Svidad aRTvaluli, dascxres
da dadumnes yovelive SfoTni da uwe-
sobani wmidisa amis mRvdelT-moZRvrisa
giorgis mier~.423
maSasadame, saxelmwifo Zalaufleb-
is moklebis gamo, adgilebze zogierT-
ma qarTvelma episkoposma SeZlo Tavis
vrcel samTavroSi mSvidobisa da wesi-
erebis damyareba ara mxolod eklesia-
Si, aramed mTel mosaxleobaSi (es sak-
iTxi ganxilulia aq ve , p aragrafSi
`qorepiskoposi~), rogorc aRiniSna, am
epoqaSi maSin, roca saqarTveloSi saek-
lesio Zalaufleba saeroze gavrcelda,
bizantiaSi, piriqiT, marTlmadidebluri
eklesia ukiduresad daaknina saxelmwifo
xelisuflebam xatmebrZoli imperator-
ebis nebiT. magaliTad, prof. n. suvorovi,
momxre saeklesio saqmeebze imperatoris
xelisuflebis cnobisa, erT-erT Zlier
istoriul argumentad miiCnevs xatme-
brZoli imperatoris lev isavrosis Tval-
sazriss (eklogis winasityvaobaSi), rom
igi (imperatori) memkvidrea petre mo-
ciqulisa da mas akisria misia mwyemsos
morwmuneTa samwyso.42 4
v. cipini, romelic ar eTanxmeba n.
suvorovs, miiCnevs _ eklesiis istoriam
naTlad daamtkica, rom imperatoris xe-
lisufleba ar warmoadgens im insti-
tuts, uromlisodac eklesias ar Seu-
Zlia arseboba. v. cipins ara impera-
tori, aramed msoflio sayovelTao ek-
lesiis episkopati miaCnia eklesiis mi-
wieri nawilis meTaurad,425 miuxedavad
amisa, fiqrobs, rom zogierTi bizantie-
li da rusi imperatoris mizidulobam
eklesiis mimarT, romelsac ar hqonda
arc ekleziologiuri da arc saeklesio
kanonikuri safuZveli, gamoiwvia nawi-
lobrivi deformacia saeklesio wyobisa,
imis msgavsi, romelic hqonda rusul
eklesias sinodalur epoqaSi.426
zemoaRniSnulis gamo, zogierTi mar-
Tlmadidebeli kanonisti bizantieli im-
peratorebis erT nawils adanaSaulebs
cezaro-papizmSi, anu saero uzenaesi xe-
lisuflis (keisris) mier saeklesio saqme-
Ta marTvaSi. am mxriv, qarTul eklesia-
Si, gansaxilvel epoqaSi, saeklesio sa-
marTlis mxriv gadaxras adgili ar hqo-
nia. cezaro-papizmi qarTuli azrovnebi-
saTvis ucxo iyo, Tumca ki qarTveli
mefeebi (iseve rogorc sxva marTlma-
didebeli xalxebis xelmwifeebi), viTarca
mcvelebi da mfarvelebi eklesiisa, monaw-
ileobdnen yvela mniSvnelovan saekle-
sio saqmeSi, magaliTad, episkoposebis
samRvdelmTavro kaTedrebze daniSvnisas
(mag., giorgi mTawmidelis dros bagrat
IV), isini aseve saeklesio samarTalis
423 cxovreba grigol xanZTelisa, qrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 96; 424 Í. Ñóâîðîâ, Ó÷åáíèê ÖåðêîâíîãîÏðàâà, 5-îå èçä. Ì. 1913, ñ. 40; 425 Â. Öûïèí. Öåðêîâíîå Ïðàâî, ñ. 200; 426 iqve, gv. 199.
135saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
dacvaze zrunavdnen (iwvevdnen da monaw-
ileobdnen saeklesio krebebSi) _ es iyo
samarTlis sxva mxare, kerZod, ganxor-
cieleba bizantiaSive SemuSavebuli prin-
cipisa eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris
`simfoniuri urTierTobisa~ . Tumca,
rogorc aRiniSna, bizantiasa da ruseT-
Si eklesias da saxelmwifos Soris sim-
foniuri urTierToba zogjer irRveoda
saxelmwifos mier. imperatorebi iseT
kanonebsac scemdnen, romelnic ewinaaRm-
degeboda saeklesio wyobas.427 aseTi ma-
galiTebi qarTuli eklesiisaTvis ucno-
bia. gansaxilvel periodSi CvenSi ara
xelmwifes uwodebdnen ̀ gare episkoposs~
(Dytiybq tgbcrjg), aramed piriqiT, mi-
iCnevdnen, rom episkoposi samarTlebri-
vad mefis swori iyo _ `episkoposisa da
mefis saqme sworia~.
aRbuRas kanonebSi Sesuli cnobili
muxli _ `meore mefe episkoposi aris~
(aRb. kan. 102) _ ganekuTvneba Cvens gan-
saxilvel VIII-IX ss-s da bagrat kura-
palatis samarTals, rogorc es qvemo-
Taa ganxiluli. aqedanve unda iyos ga-
dasuli vaxtangis kanonebSi `mefisa da
kaTalikosis saqme.. . orive swori aris~
(vaxt. kan. 25).
qarTuli saxelmwifoebrivi erTeuleb-
is ganmtkicebis kvaldakval, qarTuli
eklesia saero xelisuflebis tvirTisa-
gan TandaTan gaTavisuflda. mefe bagrat
IV (1027-1072) ukve TviTon xelmZRv-
anelobs sasamarTlo saeklesio krebas
opizisa da miZnaZoris samamulo davis
ganxilvisas. iRebs, usmens modave mxa-
reebs, niSnavs saqmis garCevas, iwvevs
saTanado specialistebs, winaswar swav-
lobs saqmes, ixilavs sabuTebs da iwvevs
sasamarTlo sxdomas. procesze qveyndeba
yvela sabuTi sajarod, ismineba mxareebis
axsna-ganmarteba, iniSneba paeqroba, fas-
deba damamtkicebeli sabuTebi. procesSi
monawileoben iuristebi _ `mecnierni sa-
bWoTa saqmeTani~. dadgenileba eklesiis
mimarT sigelis saxiT mefem gamosca. Tumca,
sinamdvileSi, am sadavo sakiTxis gada-
saWrelad mowveul saeklesio krebaSi
monawileobdnen rogorc misi samefos aR-
mosavleTis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos,
zeda mamulebis), ise dasavleT saqarTve-
los (qveda mamulebis) ierarqebi.
am dros Cveni eklesiis samarTlis
erT-erT wyarod, agreTve, ikveTeba ek-
lesiis mamaTa ganmartebani, erTi aseTia
wmida eqvTime mTawmideli.
1906 w. peterburgis winasakrebo TaT-
birze prof. almazovi amtkicebda, rom
saqarTvelos eklesiam Tavis droze av-
tokefalia miiRo politikuri nebiT, am-
itomac istoriulad misi gauqmebac aseve
politikuri nebiT ruseTis mier kanoni-
kurad unda CaiTvaloso. eklesiaTa av-
tokefaliis uflebasTan dakavSirebiT,
saeklesio samarTlis mcodne v. cipini
wers: `Zvelad gamoiTqmoda xolme mcda-
ri mosazreba imis Sesaxeb, rom avtoke-
falurad unda CaTvliliyo mxolod mo-
ciqulTa mier daarsebuli eklesiebi. papi
lev didi am safuZvelze dayrdnobiT saka-
maTod xdida konstantinopolis eklesi-
is avtokefalias. radganac miiCnevda, rom
is ar iyo daarsebuli mociqulebis mier,
xolo antioqiis sapatriarqo uaryofda
qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalias im is-
toriulad saeWvo faqtze dayrdnobiT,
rom mociqulTagan aravin yofila saqar-
TveloSi. amave dros, erTi mxriv, ueWve-
lad mociqulTa mier daarsebul zogi-
erT eklesias arasodes hqonia avtoke-
427 v. cipini, dasax. naSr., gv. 35-36.
136 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
falia (magaliTad, korinTosa, Tesalon-
ikisa), meore mxriv, arsebobs eklesiebi,
romelTa TviTmyofadoba yvelas mier aris
aRiarebuli, Tumca isini mociqulebs ar
dauarsebiaT.42 8
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefali-
asTan dakavSirebiT v. cipini gamoTqvams
aseT mosazrebas: `wmida mociqulTa swo-
ris ninos gavleniT axali sarwmunoeba
miiRo qarTvelTa mefe mirianma. sla-
vuri eklesiebisagan gansxvavebiT, saqar-
Tvelos eklesiis dedaeklesia iyo ara
konstantinopolis, aramed antioqiis
eklesia. 467 wels iveriis eklesiis
winamZRvarma, romelsac kaTedra mcxeTaSi
hqonda, miiRo antioqiis kaTedrisagan
kaTolikosis tituli. am tituliT iwode-
bodnen bizantiis imperiis aRmosavleTis
sazRvrebs iqiT myofi eklesiebis pirve-
lierarqebi. kaTolikosis pativis pirve-
lad xseneba gvxvdeba 410 wlidan. ka-
Tolikosi maSin iyo babilonis selevskiis
episkoposi, romelic sparseTis eklesias
meTaurobda da Sedioda antioqiis ar-
qiepiskoposis iurisdiqciaSi (romelic
mogvianebiT da amJamad iwodeba aRmosav-
leTis patriarqad), oRond Zalze far-
To avtonomiis uflebiT, radganac bi-
zantia-sparseTis sazRvrebze, TiTqmis
mudmivi omianobis gamo, sakaTalikosos
kavSiri kaTedrasTan garTulebuli iyo.
kaTolikosebad agreTve iwodebodnen som-
xuri eklesiis patriarqebi, romelnic
msoflio marTlmadideblobas gamoeyvnen
qalkedonis krebis Semdeg. saqarTvelos
eklesiis kaTolikosebi, faqtobrivad VIII
s-is Suaxnebidan iqcnen TviTmyofad pir-
velierarqebad, Tumca saqarTvelos ek-
lesiis avtokefalia arc antioqiasa da
arc konstantinopolSi aRiarebuli ar
yofila. XIV s-Si dasavleT saqarTvelo-
Si warmoiqmna axali sakaTalikoso, rez-
idenciiT jer biWvinTaSi, Semdeg ki
quTaisSi. 1801 wels saqarTvelo SeerTe-
bul iqna ruseTis imperiasTan, male,
1811 wels, uqmdeba saqarTvelos eklesiis
avtokefaliac, kaTolikos anton II-is
mosasveneblad wasvlis Semdeg wmida si-
nodma saqarTveloSi daniSna egzarqosi.
1917 wels saqarTvelos eklesiam aRidg-
ina Tavis avtokefaluri statusi, romel-
ic ar iqna cnobili arc ruseTis eklesi-
is adgilobrivi krebis mier (1917-1918
ww.) da arc axalarCeul patriarq wmida
tixonis mier. saqarTvelos eklesiis me-
Taurma miiRo kaTolikos-patriarqis tit-
uli. kanonikuri urTierToba rusul da
qarTul eklesiaTa Soris aRdga 1943 w.~.429
msgavsad v. cipinisa da k. kekeliZ-
isa, b. lominaZec miiCnevs, rom qarTul-
ma eklesiam VIII s-Si ganimtkica, xolo
XI s-Si sabolood miiRo avtokefalia.
yvela am mkvlevarisaTvis dauZleveli
iyo XI s-is melqiti beris, n ikon
SavmTelisa da efrem mcires mier mo-
wodebuli cnoba, rom imperator kon-
stantine kopronimes dros (741-775) ori
qarTveli beri mivida patriarq Teofi-
laqte antioqielTan (daaxl, 744-751).
`isini Ciodnen, rom qarTvelebs aRar
hyavT kaTalikosi `rameTu dRiTgan ne-
tarisa anastasi mRvdelTmTavrisa (+610),
antioqieli patriarqisa, ara kurTxeul
ars maTda kaTolikosi mTavarepiskoposi
siZnelisaTvis gzisa, rameTu agarianTa-
gan veravin ikadrebs svlad~. es cnoba,
rogorc garkveulia v. goilaZis mier,
Seexeba ara mcxeTis sakaTalikosos,
aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos im ekle-
sias, romelic xatmebrZolur eresis gamo
428 Â. À. Öûïèí, Öåðêîâíîå Ïðàâî, 1994, ñò. 204; 429 Â. À. Öûïèí, Öåðêîâíîå Ïðàâî, 1994, ñò. 217.
137saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
cdilobda gamosvlas konstantinopolis
sapatriarqos iurisdiqciidan da kanon-
ikuri gziT Tavisuflebis mopovebas. (Cven
am sakiTxs mravaljer vexebiT qvemoT
paragrafebSi: ̀ antioqiis I saeklesio kre-
ba~, ̀ javaxeTis saeklesio kreba~ da sxva).
rogorc Cven garkveuli gvaqvs, Tavda-
pirvelad, mTargmnelTa, Semdeg ki mkvl-
evarTa Secdoma gamoiwvia iman, rom ucx-
oelebi ara mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTve-
los, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos ek-
lesiasac uwodebdnen ̀ iberiis eklesias~,
kerZod dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTa-
likosos _ `qvemo iberiis saarqiepisko-
posos~ uwodebdnen saukuneTa manZilze.430
rogorc Cans, berZnul wyaroSi ewera,
rom antioqiaSi berebi Cavidnen iberi-
idan (igulisxmeboda `qvemo iberia~, anu
dasavleT saqarTvelo), mTargmnelma si-
tyva ̀ iberia~ ̀ qarTlad~ Targmna, qarTl-
Si ki moiazres mcxeTis sakaTalikoso.
es sakiTxi ganxilulia Sesabamis para-
grafebSi, amitomac am cnobis gamoyenebiT,
mtkiceba _ mcxeTis sakaTalikosos mier
VIII s-Si avtokefaliis mopovebis Sesaxeb
– uadgiloa. rac Sexeeba XI s-s, aq
igulisxmeba giorgi mTawmidelis cno-
bili kamaTi antioqiis patriarqTan. (es
sakiTxi ganxilulia paragrafSi `antio-
qiis II saeklesio kreba~). rogorc wyaroe-
bis analizi aCvenebs, am dros qarTul
eklesias ar moupovebia avtokefalia, rad-
ganac misi TavisTavadoba, giorgi mTaw-
midelis sityviT, ukve saukuneebs iTvl-
ida da aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTvelos
eklesiis samarTlis wyaros aRniSnul
periodSi (VI-XI ss.) warmoadgenda ara
ucxo sapatriarqoTa dadgenilebebi, gamo-
tanili qarTuli eklesiis mimarT, aramed
adgilobrivi (qarTuli) saeklesio kre-
baTa dadgenilebani da gadawyvetilebani,
rogorc es Cans `javaxeTis krebisa~ da
sxva krebaTa magaliTiT.
ruis-urbnisis cnobil krebamde sa-
marTlis mxriv eklesiaSi aseTi mdgo-
mareoba yofila:
IX-X ss-Si, qarTuli saeklesio sa-
marTlis Sesaxeb cnobebs gvawvdis bagrat
kurapalatis samarTlis wignis nawyvet-
ebi, romelic SemorCenilia beqa-aRbugas
samarTalSi. i. doliZis TvalsazrisiT,
igi `miuTiTebs Tamar mefis wina peri-
odze, roca mefe samRvdelobis winaSe
jer kidev uZluri iyo~.431
i. doliZis azriT, XII s-mde saqarTve-
los mefe `samRvdeloebis winaSe jer
kidev uZluri iyo~. qveyanaSi episko-
posebsa da samRvdeloebas eWiraT gaba-
tonebuli mdgomareoba.431 i. doliZe mi-
moixilavs bagratis samarTlis cnobil
101, 102 da 103-e kanonebs da askvnis,
rom `es samive muxli iseT xanas unda
ekuTvnodes, roca samRvdeloeba saqarTve-
loSi sruli batoni iyo da saero
mTavrobaze maRla eWira Tavi, ese igi
daviT aRmaSeneblis uwinaresi xanisa unda
iyos~.432 kerZod, 102-e muxli aseTia _
`Tu mefe ebiskopozsa gauwyres – gina
usamarTlod, gina samarTliTa – xelTa
SepyrobaY arca maSin moxdebis, amis-
aTvis rome meore mefe ebiskopozi aris
da qristianeTa sjulisa damamtkicebe-
li da raYca mefesa sjulisa saqme aqvs,
agre Seiwynarebs~.433 saerTod, bagrat
kurapalatis samarTali ̀ gaCenilia~ ̀ pir-
velad daviTian bagrat kurapalatisa da
aRmaSenebelTa mefeT-mefeTa brZanebiT~,
430 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. II, gv. 90; 431 i. doliZe , Z veli qarTulisamarTali, 1953, gv. 45; 432 iqve , gv. 450; 433 iqve, gv. 47.
138 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
magram es sakmarisi ar iyo samarTlis
gamosacemad. amitomac iqve naTqvamia –
`da mere episkoposTa, didebulTa da
aznaurTa da Wkuian kacTa mefeTa winaSe
erTbaSad gaCenili gangebiTa RmrTisaY-
Ta~.434 maSasadame, Tavis droze bagrat
kurapalatis samarTali SeumuSavebia
mefis winaSe Sekrebil krebas, es cxa-
dia unda yofiliyo darbazoba episko-
posebis, didebulebis, aznaurebisa da
Wkvian kacTa monawileobiT. am samar-
TalSi `samRvdeloebis privilegirebu-
li da maRali uflebrivi mdgomareoba
naTlad Cans samarTlis wignis sxva mux-
lebSic (105-108, 112, 121-122, 139 da
sxv.). es, i. doliZis azriT, miuTiTebs,
rom `bagratis samarTali~ erTi kanonm-
deblis mieraa SemuSavebuli. muxlebi
erTmaneTTan ar arian Seusabamobasa da
winaaRmdegobaSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom iv.
javaxiSvilis azriT, es samarTali bagrat
I-s anda bagrat III-s unda ekuTvnodes.
i. doliZe gamoricxavs bagrat III-s,
radganac mis dros `saxelmwifos mx-
olod erTi mefe hyavda da episkoposi
`meore mefe~ ar iyo~. i. doliZe fiqrobs,
rom am samarTlis Semoqmedia bagrat IV,
rasac ar eTanxmebian Tanamedrove mkvl-
evarebi, rogorc aRniSnulia, isini ufro
uWeren mxars bagrat I-s. bagrat I (826-
876) kurapalati iyo Ze mefe aSot I
didisa (kurapalatisa), romelTa dro-
sac tao-klarjeTis `qarTvelTa samefo-
Si~ samRvdeloeba uZlieres Zalas war-
moadgenda da, amave dros, iyo xelmwi-
fis sayrdenic. swored eklesiis avtori-
tetidan amoizarda `qarTvelTa samefos~
Ta vda p irv eli Zli er e b a , r ad gan ac
saqarTvelo daSlili qveyana iyo, Zveli
samefo dinastia farnavazian-xosroianebisa
damarcxebuli, xolo kuTxeebSi jer kidev
ar iyo saero xelisufleba fexmokidebu-
li. yovelivem asaxva hpova `bagrat kura-
palatis~ samarTalSi. amiT unda aixsnas
is uCveulo movlena, rom saqarTveloSi
saeklesio iurisdiqcia saero saqmeebzec
vrceldeboda. iv. javaxiSvilis azriT,
`bizantiis gavlena qarTul mwerlobasa
da kulturaze XII s-Si daiwyo~.
434 i. doliZe , Zveli qarTuli samarTali, 1953, gv. 335.
139saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos eklesias, viTarca av-
tokefalurs, hqonda suverenuli sakanon-
mdeblo saqmianobis ufleba Tavisi av-
tokefaliis sazRvrebSi, rasac axor-
cielebda kidec aTaswleulTa manZilze
ruis-urbnisis krebamde da mis Semdeg
XIX s-mde, avtokefaliis gauqmebamde.
saeklesio kanonmdeblobis adgilo-
briv organos, pirvel rigSi warmoad-
gendnen saeklesio krebebi.
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebs, ro-
gorc Cvenamde moRweuli masalebis ana-
lizidan Cans (warmodgenilia qvemoT,
Sesabamis paragrafebSi), axasiaTebda gan-
sakuTrebuli specifika, romelic unda
asaxavdes saqarTveloSi saeklesio da
saxelmwifo xelisuflebaTa urTierT-
damokidebulebas. rogorc cnobilia, ar-
sebobs am (saeklesio da saxelmwifo xe-
lisuflebaTa) urTierTdamokidebulebis
sxva-dasxva sistema. maT Soris idealu-
rad miiCneva simfoniuri damokidebule-
ba. bizantiaSi, romelic etalons war-
moadgenda qarTvelebisaTvis saeklesio
urTierTobaTa sferoSi, SemuSavebuli
iyo eklesiisa da saxelmwifos urTier-
Tobis ZiriTadi principebi, romlebic im-
periis saxelmwifo kanonebsa da sjulis
wesebSic iqna Setanili, isini aisaxa
wmida mamaTa nawerebSic. esaa eklesiisa
da saxelmwifos simfoniis principi.
rogorc iTqva, simfoniis arsia urT-
ierTTanamSromloba, urTierTdaxmareba,
erTmaneTis mimarT zrunva da pasuxismge-
bloba ise, rom erTi mxare meoris gan-
sakuTrebuli kompetenciis sferoSi ar
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi
ruis-urbnisis krebis Semdeg (XII-XVIII ss.)
SeiWras. miiCneva, rom es principi yve-
laze uke-Taa Camoyalibebuli imperator
iustinianes VI novelaSi: ̀ udidesi sikeTe,
romelic adamianebs RmerTis didi saxie-
rebiT mieniWaT _ mRvdloba da mefobaa,
romelTagan pirveli (e.i. saeklesio xe-
lisufleba) saRmrTo saqmisaTvis zrunavs
da mas xelmZRvanelobs, xolo meore (sax-
elmwifo xelisufleba) ki kacobriobi-
saTvis, orive momdinareobs erTi da imave
wyarodan. .. Tu sasuliero mxare yove-
lives RvTisaTvis saTnod ganagebs, xolo
saxelmwifo xelisufleba masze mind-
obil saxelmwifos samarTliT marTavs,
maSin maT Soris yvelaferSi sruli Tanx-
moba iqneba, rac kacobriobas sargebloba-
sa da sikeTes moutans~. am principidan
gamomdinare, iustiniane Tavis noveleb-
Si sjulier wesebs saxelmwifo kanonis
Zalas aniWebda. am midgomis gamo saek-
lesio da saero wesebi erTobliobaSi
zogjer mefis saxeliT gamoicemoda, ma-
gram damtkicebuli iyo saeklesio xe-
lisufalTa mier, es damaxasiaTebeli iyo
saqarTvelosaTvisac (amis Sesaxeb ixi-
leT qvemoT, krebaTa ganxilvis dros).
iustinianemdec, IV-V ss-Si, romis
imperiaSi miiCneoda, rom saero da sa-
suliero xelisuflebas erTmaneTisaTvis
mxari unda daeWiraT, radganac erTis
warmatebiT meorec warmatebas miaRwev-
da, WeSmariti sarwmunoeba samarTliT
gabrwyindeboda, saxelmwifo ki ayvavde-
boda. miiCneoda, agreTve, rom orive es
xelisufleba gaerTianebuli unda yo-
filiyo zemoaRniSnuli miznis misaRwe-
140 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
vad, daculi unda yofiliyo saxelm-
wifo da saeklesio xelisuflebas Soris
urRvevi kavSiri _ RvTis gangebis ukeT
aRsrulebisa da xalxis samsaxurisaTvis:
`vinc erTisaTvis (saxelmwifosaTvis,
qveSevrdomebisaTvis) zrunavs, meorezec
(eklesiisaTvis, marTali sarwmunoebi-
saTvis) fiqrobs~.435
rogorc qvemoT gamoCndeba, aRniSnu-
li simfoniuri kavSiri, Cans, Tavidanve,
ukve IV-V ss-danve daedo safuZvlad
saqarTveloSi saxelmwifosa da eklesias
Soris urTierTobas. amiT unda aixsnas
is araCveulebrivi garemoeba, rom zogjer
saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba imavdrou-
lad warmoadgenda saxelmwifo darbazis
sxdomas, anda piriqiT, saxelmwifo dar-
bazis sxdoma, Sesabamisi saeklesio sak-
iTxis ganxilvis dros, gadaiqceoda saek-
lesio krebad, romelsac gamohqonda saek-
lesio saxis dadgenilebani (es sakiTxi
ganxilulia qvemoT, Sesabamis calkeul
saeklesio krebaTa ganxilvisas).
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebebs, ro-
gorc wesi, iwvevda mefe (rogorc bizan-
tiaSi), Tumca ramdenime gamonaklisic
arsebobs. rogorc aRvniSneT, zogjer
saeklesio sakiTxebi ixileboda saxelm-
wifo darbazis mier. saxelmwifo dar-
bazs, Cans, amis ufleba eniWeboda imis
gamo, rom igi Tavisi SemadgenlobiT gamo-
xatavda urRvev kavSirs _ mTlianobas
saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisufle-
bas Soris. kerZod, darbazobisas `xelm-
wifis karis~ garda, ikribeboda qveynis
yvela nawilis episkopati (`zemo~ da
`qvemo~ mamulebidan~, anu aRmosavleT
da dasavleT saqarTvelodan), mniSvnelo-
vani monastrebis winamZRvrebi, da cxa-
dia, saero xelisufleba. darbazobis
umTavresi birTvi iyo `xelmwifis kari~.
es ukanaskneli Semadgenlobis mxriv
agreTve gamoxatavda mTlianobas saero
da saeklesio xelisuflebisa, kerZod,
igi Sedgeboda mefisa da oTxi berisa-
gan. es `oTxi beri~ iyo: 1. kaTalikosi
qarTlisa, anu igive sruliad saqarTve-
los patriarqi; 2. afxazeTis kaTaliko-
si; 3. mwignobarTuxucesi, igive Wyon-
dideli episkoposi; 4. moZRvarT-moZR-
vari. es oTxi beri, Cans, sinamdvileSi
warmoadgenda mefis karze mudmivad mo-
qmed saxelmwifo sabWos, romlis erT-
erTi wevri mwignobarTuxucesi _ ukve
namdvilad unda yofiliyo (yoveldRi-
urad) xelmwifis karze436 da mefis sax-
eliT emarTa saxelmwifo saqmeebi, anu
Tanamedrove terminologiiT, rogorc es
garkveulia ivane javaxiSvilis mier _ igi
iyo premier-ministri, Tavmjdomare mTavro-
bisa (ixileT aqve, saqarTvelos eklesiis
mmarTveli ierarqia, `vazirTuxucesi~).
darbazobis sxdomas, rogorc aRini-
Sna, eswrebodnen: mefe, oTxi beri, uxu-
c e s e b i ( v e z ir e b i ) , e p i s k o p o s e b i ,
winamZRvrebi, saqveyno xelisufalni. ̀ oTx
bers~ _ gansakuTrebuli ufleba hqonda
saqveyno da marTvis saqmeSi, imavdrou-
lad, isini eklesiis mmarTvelebi iyvnen.
zemoaRniSnuliT unda yofiliyo gamowveu-
li Cveni mematianis mtkiceba `darbazis
karidan~ saeklesio `wesebis~ gamocemis
Sesaxeb: `monasterni da saepiskoposoni
da yovelni eklesiani wessa da rigsa
locvisasa da yovlisa saeklesioYsa
gangebisas darbazis kariT miiRebdian,
viTarca kanonsa ucdomelsa da yovlad
Sveniersa da dawyobilsa, keTilwesiere-
basa locvisa da marxvisasa~.437
435 v. cipini, eklesia da saxelmwifo, saq . e kl . kalendari, 1999, gv . 146; 436 saqarTvelossamociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. II, gv. 254; 437 qarTlis cxovreba, t. I , gv. 352.
141saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
SeiZleba iTqvas, mematianis am cnobas
adasturebs `xelmwifis karis garigeb-
is~ avtori: `gelaTisagan kide saydarni
da sxvani monasterni da eklesiani, xuc-
esni da monazonni da rac saeklesioni
dasni arian, yvela Wyondidelis da saw-
olis mwignobaris saxelosia~.438 maSasa-
dame, saeklesio dasi xelmwifis kari-
dan imarTeba, magram ara saero xelisu-
flis, aramed sasuliero wodebis, ma-
gram qveynis mmarTveli xelisuflis _
Wyondidelis mier. am uflebas mas, Cans,
aZlevs `oTxi beris~ sabWo. am gasocari
faqtis axsna SeiZleba niko maris si-
tyviT _ `Zvel saqarTveloSi saero da
sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba warmoad-
genda udavo faqts~.
Zvel saqarTveloSi saxelmwifo da
saeklesio xelisufleba gaerTianebuli
iyo, mis mier qveyana da eklesia erTi
Zalauflebrivi centridan erTiani Za-
lauflebiT imarTeboda. saero da sa-
suliero Zalauflebebis erT xelSi har-
moniuli, simfoniuri Tavmoyra _ Zveli
qarTuli (ruis-urbnisis krebamdeli) naS-
Ti unda yofiliyo. rogorc Cans, ruis-
urbnisis krebaze saxelmwifo xelisu-
flebam kanonieri saxe misca am ukve
arsebul faqts, mwignobarTuxuces-vazir-
Tuxucesis Tanamdebobis dawesebiT, Tu
misi ZvelTaganve mopovebuli uflebis
aRiarebiT. n. maris azriT, mwignobar-
Tuxuces-Wyondidelis, anu saxelmwifo-
Si mefis Semdeg meore saxelisuflebo
piris, Tanamdebobis daweseba unda yo-
filiyo saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebu-
li saero da sasuliero Zalauflebis
erT xelSi Tavmoyris tradiciis gvian-
deli gadmonaSTi, romlis minamsgavsia
xevisberobis instituti moxeveebSi (ix.
qvemoT paragrafi `mwignobarTuxucesi~).
saxelmwifo xelisufleba, Cans, saqarTve-
los gaerTianebis, anu XI s-is Semdeg
dainteresebuli iyo, mZlavri saeklesio
xelisufleba gaeerTianebina saxelmwifo
xelisuflebasTan da amiT erTiani xe-
lisufleba mieRo. m. lorTqifaniZis,
iseve, rogorc zogadad qarTuli isto-
riografiis TvalsazrisiT, ruis-urbni-
sis krebis meSveobiT saxelmwifom daimor-
Cila eklesia, imdenad, rom TviT darba-
zis karidan iRebda eklesia `wessa da
kanonebs~, romelnic `ucTomelad~ unda
miCneuliyo, aseTia interpretireba me-
matianis cnobili cnobisa, romelic ze-
moTaa motanili, magram `darbazis kari~,
TviTve warmoadgenda saeklesio orga-
nos garkveuli TvalsazrisiT, amitomac
mas ufleba hqonda gamoeca saeklesio
dadgenilebanic aRsasruleblad. maSasa-
dame, yofiliyo saqarTvelos saeklesio
samarTlis wyaro, amitomac araa marTe-
buli azri, TiTqosda ruis-urbnisis krebam
eklesia daumorCila saxelmwifos.
saxelmwifo darbazobis saxe hqon-
da bagrat IV-s mier mowveul krebas,
romelmac saeklesio sakiTxi gaarCia
or monasters Soris. darbazobis sxdo-
mis saxe hqonda Wulevis saeklesio
krebas, romelzedac damtkicda saxelm-
wifoebrivi warmoSobis beqasa da aR-
buRas kanonebi, romelTac krebam Tan
daurTo e.w. `kanonikuri samarTali~,
sakanonmdeblo saeklesio krebaze vax-
tang VI-is mier moZiebuli `yovelni
wigni samarTlisanni~ damtkicda da mieca
qveyanaSi amoqmedebis ufleba.
vaxtangis mier moZiebuli samarTlis
wignebi, romelic safuZvlad daedo cno-
bil qarTul vaxtangis samarTals, Seaf-
438 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, II, gv. 82.
142 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
asa da miiRo krebam, romelic Sedgebo-
da kaTalikozisa da episkoposebisagan.
am krebas, rogorc saxelmwifo darba-
zis sxdomas, mefesa da umaRles ierar-
qebTan erTad eswrebodnen didebulni,
darbaiselni. vaxtang VI-s, maTi `damow-
meba da nebarTva~ esaWiroeboda, raTa
samarTlis Zveli da axali normebi amo-
qmedebuliyo, rogorc TviT es Zegli
aRniSnavs _ `damowmebiTa da nebadarT-
viTa TvisTa kaTalikoz-episkopos da
didebul-darbaiselTa.439
ufro adre, XIV s-is bolos Wule-
vis monasterSi Semdgar saeklesio kre-
bas, anu rac igivea, adgilobriv sax-
elmwifo darbazs, rogorc aRvniSneT,
daumtkicebia beqa-aRbuRas samarTali,
romelic amis Semdeg gavrcelda rogorc
saeklesio da saqveyno moqmedi samarTa-
li. am sxdomas, mTavar aRbuRasTan er-
Tad, eswrebodnen mawyvereli episkopo-
si, safaris moZRvari, samcxis, taos,
SavSeTis da klarjeTis episkoposebi, meu-
dabnoe berebi, moweseebi, agreTve, saero
xelisufalnic, romelTa erToblivi ̀ mow-
mobiT~ krebam samarTali gamosca.440 (es
krebebi ganxilulia qvemoT).
kidev ufro adre, XIV s-is dasawyisSi
(1335 w.) krebam, romelsac wmida meufe,
qarTlis kaTalikosi efTvime eswreboda
episkoposebTan, vezirebTan, mouravebTan
Temisa da Temis erisTavebTan, xevisberebT-
an, xevisTavebsa da herovanebTan erTad,
mefis giorgis brwyinvalis Tavmjdomar-
eobiT (esaa saxelmwifo darbazi) gamos-
ca samarTali, marTalia ara saeklesio,
aramed ufro saero `msoflio~, magram
rogorc kreba aRniSnavs, igi iyo sasju-
lo saqmeTa Semcvelic. sasjulo saqme
mTieli mosaxleobisa gamowvlilviT See-
ZloT gaerCiaT saeklesio mTavrebs _
`sxva rac sasjulo sakiTxavi iyos, igi
kaTalikozman da ganaCenTa maT zeda eb-
iskoposTa maT hkiTxon~.441 (es kreba ganx-
ilulia qvemoT).
rogorc Cans, qarTuli saxelmwifoe-
brivi sistema, romelSic eklesiis vi-
Tarca saxelmwifoebrvi sxeulisa da
erTeulis Tvisebebi aRiarebuli iyo,
Tavis yvelaze ufro sruli saxiT war-
moCnda XII s-Si, daviT aRmaSeneblis dros,
ruis-urbnisis krebis mier. daviTma Zir-
iTadi saxelmwifo uwyebani (saSinao,
finansTa, nawilobriv samxedro) uSua-
lod Caabara eklesiis ierarqs mwignobar-
Tuxucess-Wyondidels, romelsac umaR-
lesi sasamarTlo-saajo karic eWira. igi
iyo `vazirT upirvelesi, faqtobrivad
mefis moadgile, saxelmwifos mTeli mar-
Tva-gamgeobis namdvili saWeTmpyrobeli,
romelsac `karis garigeba~ mefis mamasac
ki uwodebs~.442
es Tanamdeboba rom ara fiqtiuri,
aramed realuri iyo, Cans iqidanac, rom
XIII s-Si, roca `oTx berTagan~, anu
saxelmwifo sabWos wevrTagan erT-erT-
ma _ qarTlis kaTalikosma miqaelma xelT
igdo mwignobarTuxucesis Tanamdebobac,
aman Searyia Tamar mefis xelisufleba.
msgavsi moxda SemdgomSic, basili Wyon-
didelis dros. miqael kaTalikosi, misi
Wyondidel-mwignobarTuxucesobis dros,
niko berZeniSvilis TqmiT, `faqtiurad
gamge unda gamxadariyo samefosi~. 443
`miqaels viTarca erTdroulad eklesi-
is mesaWesa da amave dros vazirTa up-
irveless saxelmwifo xelisuflebis xe-
lSi Cagdebac surda. mis daukiTxavad
439 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, 1963, t. 1, gv. 101; 440 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, 1963, t. 1, gv.425; 441 iqve , gv. 402; 442 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VII, gv. 113; 443 n. berZeniSvili, t. IX, 1979, gv. 198.
143saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mefes araferi ar unda gaekeTebina, amit-
om miqaels, amieridan TviT mefezec ki
Zala da xelisufleba eqneboda... miqaeli
saero-saxelmwifo da saeklesio xelisu-
flebis mqonebeli da gamaerTianebeli iyo...
es garemoeba saxelmwifosa da saero
cxovrebaSi aucileblad eklesiis gaba-
tonebas moaswavebda. .. es saistorio mec-
nierebaSi wodebuls cezaro-papizms udr-
ida da romis eklesiis uflebriv Semec-
nebas miemsgavseboda~.444
Tamaris msgavsad, Tavisi ukiduresi
SeSfoTeba xelisuflebis moklebis Sesaxeb
gamoxata laSa giorgis Ze mefe daviT-
mac, roca basili Wyondidel-ujarmeli
gandidda imdenad, rom mefis magier (me-
fis daukiTxavad) moqmedebda. `TaTarTa
wylis Robeze `sibaze~ yovelwliurma
gamgzavrebam ulu daviTi Tavis saxelm-
wifos CamoaSora da am garemoebam vazir-
Ta-upirvelesi damoukidebel da TviTneba
mbrZaneblad aqcia~.445
maSasadame, mefis saxelmwifoSi aryo-
fnis dros mis adgils, faqtobrivad, mwi-
gnobarTuxucesi iWerda, xolo `oTx ber-
Tagan~ erT-erTis xelSi Tanamdebobis Tav-
moyris dros mefis xelisufleba iryeo-
da. yovelive zemoaRniSnulis gamo, qarTu-
li samarTlebrivi sistemisaTvis ucxoa
bizantiuri ganmartebani, rom ̀ imperatori
(mefe) sakrebo dadgenilebebze maRla dgas,
aris saeklesio ierarqiis winamZRoli da
kanonmdebeli~ (dimitri xomatini, XIII s.).
aseTi bizantiuri uzenaesoba saimpera-
toro xelisuflebisa saeklesio xelisu-
flebaze, zogierTi kanonistis Tvalsaz-
risiT, safuZvels iZleoda daedanaSaulebi-
naT, cezaro-papizmSi, ramdenime impera-
tori, maT Soris _ ruseTSic; anu iqm-
neboda iseTi viTareba, roca imperatori
saeklesio krebebzec maRla mdgomi, saek-
lesio saqmeTa gamgebeli iyo. aseTi vi-
Tareba saqarTveloSi warmoudgeneli iyo.
aq saeklesio xelisufleba ar iCrdile-
boda saxelmwifos mier, piriqiT, maT
Soris simfoniuri urTierToba iyo.
rogorc aRiniSna, saeklesio xelisufleba
araTu uflebadakarguli iyo, aramed
zogjer, garkveuli gadaxrebis dros, mas
saxelmwifo Zalauflebis Tavis xelSi
aRebac ki SeeZlo. magram mas es ara-
sodes unebebia, ase rom, qarTuli ekle-
sia samarTlis mxriv ar hgavda romauls,
romelmac saxelmwifo xelisuflebaze
Tavisi uzenaesoba ganaxorciela. qarTul-
ma eklesiam TiTqmis XIX s-mde SeZlo
erovnul saxelmwifo xelisuflebasTan
simfoniuri Tanaarseboba. amitomac, mar-
Talia, Cven gvaqvs saxelmwifo warmoSobis
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi, gamoce-
mulni ZiriTadad xelmwifis (saqarTve-
los mefis), anda saxelmwifo mTliano-
bis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi adgilobriv
mefe-mTavarTa mier, magram maTi damtki-
ceba, anu amoqmedebis ufleba eklesiis
ierarqTa xelSi iyo da maT mier xdebo-
da. saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris
urTierToba mogvarebuli iyo, amitomac
aseT wyaroTa umetesoba (esaa sigelebi,
`dawerilebi~, ̀ wesebi~, ̀ wignebi~ da sxv.),
ZiriTadad, Seexeboda eklesiisaTvis ga-
weul daxmarebebsa da dawesebul SeRa-
vaTebs, Tumca maTSi asaxulia is faqtic,
rom saeklesio iurisdiqcia saero saqmee-
bzec vrceldeboda.
444 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VII, gv. 115; 445 iv. javaxiSvili, t. VI, 1982, gv. 60.
144 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mongolebis Semosevebma ara marto
gaaRataka saqarTvelos eklesia, aramed
moSala simfoniuri urTierToba iqamde
arsebul erovnul saxelmwifosa da ek-
lesias Soris, Tumca ki mongolebi cdi-
lobdnen daecvaT eklesiis xelSeuxe-
bloba, misi qoneba, gaeTavisuflebinaT
sasuliero pirebi xarkisa da gadasax-
adisagan . mongolTa Semosevebis Semdeg
saqarTveloSi kvlav aRdga Zveleburi
urTierTobani saxelmwifosa da ekle-
sias Soris.
mongolTa xanas ganekuTvneba erTi
saintereso faqti saqarTvelos eklesi-
is samarTlis istoriidan, romelic mia-
gavs dasavleTis eklesiaSi dafiqsire-
bul e.w. `interdiqts~. rogorc cno-
bilia, romis papebis mZlavri iaraRi saero
xelisuflebasTan brZolisas iyo inter-
diqti, romliTac ama Tu im qveyanaSi
RvTismsaxurebis Sesrulebas manamde krZa-
lavda, sanam qveSevrdomebi papis mier
gankveTil TavianT monarqs ar Camoag-
debdnen. msgavsi momxdara saqarTveloSic
ulu daviTis dros.
mongolTa mier `damtkicebulma~ xe-
lmwifem, cxadia, Secvala iqamde arse-
buli darbazobis wesi. axla ukve dar-
bazi aRar gamoxatavda eklesiis inter-
esebs, iq mongolebis interesebi ufro
iyo daculi. amis gamo eklesiis inter-
esebi qveyanaSi swored darbazis erT-
erTi frTis mier ilaxeboda. kerZod,
saeklesio mamulebis mtaceblebs, romelT-
ac winaT `dakrulviT~ sjida eklesia,
axla darbazis saxelmwifo aRmasrule-
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi
qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis gauqmebis periodebSi
beli xelisufalni (amirspasalari, amire-
jibi, da sxv.) aqezebdnen. kerZod, iqam-
de arsebuli wesebiT: `samefo saxlisa
da palatis wesis~ Tanaxmad, `dakrul-
vili~ piri saxelmwifos mier unda
`Serisxuliyo~, CamorTmeoda mamulebi da
ar unda `SeeSvaT laSqarSi~. amis nacv-
lad, aRniSnuli darbaislebi damkrulv-
els (e.i. saeklesio pirs) aiZulebdnen
krulvis axsnas, e.i. unarCunebdnen mta-
ceblebs mitacebul saeklesio qonebas.
qveyanaSi sxva uamravi Seviwroebac xde-
boda sasuliero pirebisa. amis gamo 1263
wels Sekrebilma saeklesio sxdomam mefe
gaafrTxila _ `amisni mqnelni varT: arc
mironsa gavxsniT, saqarTvelosa eklesi-
aTa davbeWdavT, xucesTa davaye nebT
wirvisa, naTvlisa da samkvdroTa ziare-
bisagan~.446 ra Sedegi unda mohyoloda
morwmune qristianTa qveyanaSi RvTism-
saxurebis totalur akrZalvas? dasav-
leT evropaSi msgavs situaciaSi aRS-
foTebuli mosaxleoba taxtidan Camoag-
debda xolme xelmwifes, romelic amave
dros eklesiis mier iyo gankveTili. maSas-
adame, saqarTveloSic am qmedebas mefis
taxtidan Camogdeba unda mohyoloda
Sedegad. rogorc Cans, mongolebis dro-
sac eklesias kvlav hqonda saxelmwifo
xelisuflebaze zemoqmedebis mZlavri iar-
aRi, rac aisaxa kidec saeklesio saqme-
Ta gamocemul ZeglisweraSi. es sakiTxi
ganxilulia qvemoT 1263 wlis saekle-
sio krebis gadmocemisas.
XVII s-is Semdeg, iranisa da osma-
leTis agresiisa da qarTvelTa erovnul-
446 qarT. samarT. Z egl., III, 164.
145saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saxelmwifoebrivi cnobierebis dasuste-
bis gamo, aRmosavleT saqarTvelo ira-
nis xeldebul qveynad gadaiqca, mesxeTi
ki _ osmaleTisa. saeklesio saqmeebSi
iranis Sahebi da mmarTvelebi ereodnen,
romelnic zogjer gamoscemdnen kidec
Sesabamis sigelebs saqarTvelos saek-
lesio saqmeTa Sesaxeb, zogjer patri-
arqebis damtkicebis saqmeSic ereodnen.
XVII s-is dasawyisidan, beri egna-
taSvilis cnobiT, sparseTis moxelem –
rostom mefe-xanma episkoposebs xel-
fasebi dauniSna _ `yovelTaTvis jama-
giri ganuwesa~.447
XVII s-dan, imis Semdeg, rac aRmo-
savleT saqarTvelo iranis imperiis
sazRvrebSi moeqca, qarTlis kaTaliko-
sis dadgenaSi saWiro gamxdara iranis
Sahis nebarTva. `1687 w. Sah-solomoni
swers firmanSi ioane kaTalikozs `rad-
gan Tqveni wina moadgile (nikolozi) ar
daemorCila nazarali xans, igi ganvkve-
TeT da Tqven ioane dagadgineTo~.448
`kaxeTSi saeklesio mamulebs dauw-
yes dataceba da ciloba, amis gamo 1707
wels `domenti kaTalikosi wavida yeen-
Tan saCivlelad da misi wyalobis fir-
maniT kaxeTSi Cavida imam yuli xanTan
yarajalaSi, gaariga saqme da mivida
mcxeTaSi~.449 `mouZlurda sjuli da
ganiryvna wesi saeklesio~.450
`osmalTagan dapyrobis dros qarTu-
li eklesiis saqmeebSi ereoda osmalos
faSa. Tbilisis dapyrobis Semdeg, 1727
wels iases daxmarebiT besarion orbelians
mousyidia isay-faSa, `Seapara qrTami da
miiRo kaTalikozoba 1728 w.~.451
1642 weli _ Sah-sefis firmani
saqarTvelos saeklesio mamulebis mow-
esrigebis Sesaxeb: `...fadiSahuri Sewy-
narebiT aRzevebulma kaTalikosma uwyo-
des... rostom xans.. . Seuwynarebia Tqve-
ni qristiani meTauris, mesaWeTa Soris
rCeulis Txovna da vedreba, rom saek-
lesio (samlocvelo) saxlebi gadaeces
Tqveni keTilgonierebis gankargulebaSi,
raTa miRebuli (dadgenili) wesebis Se-
sabamisad ixarjebodes (Semosavali)~...452
1684 w. _ `abas ziad-oRlis brZaneba
brma episkopos zaqariasaTvis gasamrje-
los daniSvnis Sesaxeb. `gamovida maRa-
li brZaneba masze, rom kaxeTis olqis
fuladi gamosavlebis mmarTvelma wlis
dasawyisidan Tanxa 4 Tavrizis Tumani
iuwyos yovelwliur gasamrjelod brma
episkopos zaqariasaTvis~...453
1701 w. _ Sah-sulTan huseinis fir-
mani nazaralis biZaSvilis evdemozis kaTa-
likosad damtkicebis Sesaxeb. ̀ ...ayvanilia
Cveni brZanebiT kaTalikosis xarisxze yo-
fili kaTalikosis ioanes gardacvalebis
dRidan... saqarTvelos mcxovreblebma aRi-
aron qristianTa uwyebuli rCeuli ama
mxarisa damoukidebel kaTalikosad~.454
`gamovida maRali brZaneba... kaTali-
kosis soflebisa da mxareebis gafantu-
li glexebi.. . romel kuTxeSic iyon,
Sekribon da daamkvidron TavianT sacx-
ovrebel adgilebze... danarCen saqarTve-
los miwa-wyalis qarTvelebma winaaRm-
degoba ar gauwion mimofantuli glexe-
bis TavianT `adgil-mamulisaken dab-
runebaSi~.455
`XVII s-is damdegs mcxeTaSi jariT
misuli Sah-abasi windebis amara Sevida
447 qarTlis cxovreba, II, gv. 425; 448 Vw[tncrbt frns^ c& 238 $ 449 p. karbelaSvili, ierarqia, saq. ekl.kalendari, 1900, gv. 133; 450 qarTlis cxovreba, II, gv. 425; 451 p. karbelaSvili, dasax. naSr., gv.238; 452 m. xubua, saqarTvelos muzeumebis sparsuli firmane bi da hoqmebi , 1949, gv. 10; 453 iqve , gv.22; 454 iqve, gv. 40; 455 iqve, gv. 11.
146 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sveticxovelSi, Tayvani sca mas, xolo
samRvdeloebas yvela mamulis xelSeux-
ebloba firmaniT daumtkica~.456
sparseTis Sahi nadiris 1742 wlis
firmanSi vkiTxulobT Semdegs: `wyalo-
biTa uzenaesi RmrTisaTa gamoica umaR-
lesi brZaneba: maRalxarisxovanma kaxe-
Tis moadgilem Teimuraz xanma, qarTlisa
da kaxeTis samRvdeloebasTan da Tavad-
aznaurobasTan erTad, momaxsenes, rom
maTi kaTalikozi gardaicvala, xolo mis
adgilas aurCeviaT maRal-usamRvdeloe-
si nikolozi da mTxoven mis damtkice-
bas. maTi survilis Tanaxmad, vamtkiceb
nikolozs kaTalikozis xarisxSi da am
wlis damdegidan vuniSnav, winandeli kaTa-
likozebis magaliTis mixedviT, jamag-
irs 1000 maneTs nadirisas, raTa igi
aRasrulebdes am Tanamdebobas~...457
ori wlis Semdeg kaTalikozi ni-
kolozi gardaicvala da mis adgilze
arCeul iqna anton I . igive Sahi amtki-
cebs am kaTalikozsac da valad uwesebs:
`ganage Seni samwyso mandauri wesebisa
da CveulebaTa Tanaxmad, mcxovrebTa
sasiamovnod, xolo Tavadebs, didebulebsa
da xalxs brZanebas aZlevs: `miiReT igi
Tqvens kaTalikosad, samRvdeloebis Ta-
vadad da yvela sasuliero saqmeSi uf-
rosad~.457 1620-iani wlebidan qarTl-
kaxeTs mahmadiani mmarTvelebi marTavd-
nen, ramac saeklesio wyaroebsac Tavise-
buri saxe misca.
mTlianad gansxvavdeboda saeklesio
samarTlis wyaroebis mxriv dasavleT
saqarTvelos eklesia. aq kaTalikoss
kvla-vindeburad irCevda adgilobrivi
saeklesio kreba. radganac dasavleT
saqarTvelom, anu `afxazeTis sakaTali-
kosom~ SeinarCuna TavisTavadoba da
arcerTi ucxoeli saxelmwifo mis kaTa-
likoss ar amtkicebda da xelfass ar
uxdida, cxadia, misi meTauri miiCneoda
`ufros, anu uxuces~ pirvelierarqad
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos pirvelierar-
qTan mimarTebisas (gansxvavebiT Zveli
saukuneebisagan). amis Sesaxeb cnobebs
gvawvdian antioqieli da ierusalimeli
patriarqebi: XVII s-is ierusalimeli pa-
triarqi dosiTeosi wers: `iberiaSi ori
avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposia, romelTac
qarTvelebi uwodeben kaTalikosebs. qvemo
iberia, romelsac Zvelad kolxeTs da
lazikas uwodebdnen, aqvs eparqiebi im-
ereTSi, guriaSi, samegreloSi, afxazeTSi,
svaneTsa da mesxeTis nawilSi. es epar-
qiebi eqvemdebarebodnen konstantinopo-
lis saydars fasidis mitropolitis sa-
SualebiT. .. herakle keisris Semdeg -
lev isavrosamde qvemo iberia ukve iyo
avtokefaluri saarqiepiskoposo... qvemo
iberiis kaTalikosi pativiT ufro metia
zemo iberiis kaTalikosze... iberebi qvemo
iberiis kaTolikoss miiCneven ufrosad,
radgan mefe, e.i. imereTis Tavi, iwodeba
mefeTa-mefed~.458
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mahmadianeb-
is batonobis dros, imereTis, anu qvemo
iberiis samefom da eklesiam SeinarCunes
Zveli damoukidebloba, amitomac `qvemo
iberiis~ (afxazeTis) kaTalikosis pativi
ufro metad iqna aRiarebuli.
imaves wers meore ierusalimeli pa-
triarqi qrisanTo anu xrisanfi _
`saqarTveloSi.. . arqiepiskoposi qvemo
iberiisa, iwodeba imereTis, oseTis, guri-
is da sruliad iberiis unetares kaTa-
likosad, rogorc ufrosi zemo iberiis
456 g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqarTveloSi, 1801-1917 ww. , Tb., 1997 w. gv. 33; 457
Ìöõåòñê. Àêòû, c. 238; 458 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, II, gv. 90.
147saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
kaTalikosze, xolo meore, e .i. zemo
iberiisa, iwodeba qarTlis, kaxeTis, al-
baneTis da sruliad zemo iberiis une-
tares kaTalikosad~.459
i m i s g a mo , ro m a R mo s a vl e T
saqarTveloSi mahmadianebi batonobdnen,
xolo dasavleT saqarTvelos mmarTveli
samefo zedafena kvlavac iyo qristian-
uli da eklesia marTuli sakuTari kre-
bis mier, amitomac dasavleT saqarTve-
los kaTalikosebi, zogjer `sruliad
saqarTvelos kaTalikozebs~ uwodebdnen
TavianT Tavs, magaliTad kaTalikosi
grigol lorTqifan iZ e XVI I I s-is
dasawyisSi: ̀ grigol mwyemsi qristes mier
yovlisa saqarTveloYsa kaTalikozi~.460
am droisaTvis aRmosavleT saqarTve-
lo ganixileboda viTarca iranis imperiis
Semadgeneli nawili, qarTlisa da kaxe-
Tis `samefoebs~ marTaven iraneli mox-
eleebi, Tumca eTnikurad qarTvelebi,
konfesiurad ki _ gamahmadianebulebi.
am droisaTvis saeklesio mamulebi, gan-
sakuTrebiT ki kaxeTSi, mitacebuli iqna
saero xelisufalTa mier. amave dros
garkveul centridanul midrekilebas
amJRavne bda alaverdeli episkoposi,
romelsac faqtobrivad emxrobodnen kax-
eli episkoposebi. iranis xelisuflebis
mier sakaTalikoso taxtze damtkicebu-
li (aseTi damtkiceba aucilebeli iyo)
kaTalikos-patriarqi domenti IV (1705-
1741) am saqmeTa mosagvareblad gaemgza-
vra ispahanSi da miaRwia imas, rom ira-
nis Sahma mcxeTis sakaTalikosos daumt-
kica kaxeTis saeklesio mamulebi. es iyo
didi gamarjveba mcxeTis sakaTalikoso
mTlianobis SesanarCuneblad, vaxtang VI-
is ruseTSi gadaxvewis Semdeg osmalebma
xelSi aiRes aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
xelisufleba, domenti IV gaemgzavra
stambolSi, sadac mas agreTve daumt-
kices mcxeTis saeklesio mamulebi (Tum-
ca samSobloSi aRar gamouSves). erTi
sityviT, zogjer samarTlis wyaros mcx-
eTis sakaTalikososTvis (am droisaTvis)
dampyrobelTa xelisuflebis gadaw-
yvetilebani warmoadgenda.
iqamde, vaxtang VI-m moiwvia saekle-
sio kreba, romelmac ̀ aRadgina darRveuli
saeklesio samarTali~ (nazarali xanis
epoqaSi dairRva).
krebam gadaayena saero xelisufleb-
is mier dasmuli kaTalikosi da mcxeTis
kaTalikosad janiSinis Zma domenti air-
Cia, rasac mcxeTis memamuleobis aRdge-
na mohyva. 1707 wels domenti kaTali-
kosma Sahis brZanebiT feodalebs mina-
tacebi ukan daabrunebina~.461 Tumca, cxa-
dia, ZiriTadad, saeklesio samarTlis
wyaros kvlav adgilobrivi krebebi (`dar-
bazis kari~) warmoadgenda.
`Tavisi samarTlis wigni vaxtangma
darbaiselTa (e.i. saero da saeklesio
maRali feodalebis) uSualo monawile-
obiT Seadgina~.462
rogorc iTqva, kaTolikos-patriarq-
ma domenti IV-m (1705-1741) imas miaR-
wia, rom 1710 wels kaxeTis mefes dav-
iT II-s (imamyuli xans) daawerina sakaTa-
likoso mamulebis mflobelobis simtki-
cis sigeli (domenti IV-m vaxtangis
iranSi yofnis dros scada samefo tax-
tis dakaveba!).463
dampyrobTa neba Cvens saeklesio cxov-
rebazec moqmedebda imave doziT, rogorc
osmaleTis imperiaSi arsebul sxva mar-
Tlmadidebel sapatriarqoebze.
459 iqve, gv . 91; 46 0 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. 1970, III, gv. 675; 46 1 n . berZeniSvili,`saqarTvelos istoriis sakiTxebi, t. VI, 1973, gv. 285; 462 iqve , gv. 284; 463 qse, 3, gv. 614.
148 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
1745 wlidan qarTl-kaxeTis samefo
taxtze qristiani mefis kvlav asvlis
Semdeg (Teimuraz II, erekle II), mTavar
saeklesio sakanonmdeblo organos kvla-
vindeburad adgilobrivi krebebi warmoad-
gendnen. magram, am dros, ukve mefeebi-
saTvis samagaliTo orientirad gadaiqca
is damokidebuleba saxelmwifo da saekle-
sio xelisuflebas Soris, romelic im epo-
qis ruseTis imperiaSi arsebobda. kerZod,
ruseTis msgavsad, saqarTveloSic Zalze
gaizarda saeklesio krebaTa dadgenile-
bebze mefeebis gavlena. magaliTad, an-
ton I-is Sesaxeb cnobil krebas (1755-
56 w.) mefe Teimurazi TviTon karnaxob-
da dadgenilebis saxes, Teimurazma da
ereklem krebis dadgenileba gamoaqvey-
nes kidec piradi gadawyvetilebis sax-
iT. Tumca, antonis dabrunebis Semdeg
krebebma TiTqmis kvlav daibrunes Zveli
saxe (es sakiTxi ganxilulia Sesabamisi
krebebis ganxilvisas).
aRsaniSnavia, rom dasavleT saqarTve-
los sakaTalikosoSi da, saerTod, dasav-
leT saqarTvelos samefosa da samTavroeb-
Si damokidebuleba saxelmwifo da sa-
suliero xelisuflebas Soris kvlav
Zvel qarTul saxes inarCunebda, ker-
Zod, Tu aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mah-
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi XVIII saukunis
meore naxevarSi
madianebis gabatonebis gamo es wonas-
woroba irRveoda, dasavleT saqarTveloSi
igi SenarCunebuli iyo da TviT XIX s-
Si rusuli mmarTvelobis damyarebis
drosac ki arsebobda. igi sabolood moiS-
ala 1820-ian wlebSi, imereTis cnobili
`cerkovni buntis~ CaxSobis Semdeg. ma-
galiTad, imis Semdeg, rac rusebma im-
ereTidan gaaZeves mefe solomon II da
iq Seiyvanes saokupacio jarebi, aRmoa-
Cines, rom imereTis mosaxleoba imarTe-
boda romeliRac centridan, romelic av-
toritetuli iyo yvela fenisaTvis. Zie-
bam daadgina, rom arsebobda e.w. `sax-
el mw if o s a b Wo ~ , Se md ga r i oT x i
mRvdelmTavrisa (e.i. oTxi berisa) da
didebulebisagan (es sabWo jer kidev
mefe solomon II-is qveyanaSi yofnisas
misi TanammarTveli iyo). Cven migvaCnia,
rom am sabWoSi Semavali oTxi mRvdelmTa-
vari iyo gadmonaSTi qarTveli xelmwi-
fis karze myofi `oTxi berisa~, romel-
ic darbazis da qveynis mmarTvel birTvs
Seadgenda da gamoscemda dadgenilebebs
(ix. Sesabamisi krebis ganxilva). Sesa-
Zloa, rusebma xalxSi avtoritetuli
am `oTxi beris~ gavleniT daakompleqtes
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora
`oTxi wevriT~ (ix. qvemoT).
149saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
XIX s-is dasawyisSi (1801 w.) ruse-
Tis imperiam gaauqma saqarTvelos sax-
elmwifoebrioba da misi nawilebi Tavis
SemadgenlobaSi Seiyvana. amas Sedegad
mohyva saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefali-
is gauqmeba da misi moqceva ruseTis
uwmidesi sinodis mmarTvelobaSi. pro-
fesor a. cagarelis azriT, saqarTve-
los ruseTis mier aneqsirebis sakiTxi
s ae rT aSori so s a ma rTli s sfe ro s
ganekuTvneboda, xolo saqarTvelos ek-
lesiis daqvemdebareba uwmidesi sinodis
mier warmoadgenda saeklesio samarTlis
sakiTxs. am ori samarTlis ZiriTadi princ-
ipebi arsebiTad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTis-
agan, maSasadame, saqarTvelos ruseTTan
e.w. SeerTebiT ar SeiZleboda gamarTle-
ba misi avtokefalurobis gauqmebisa. amis
magaliTad a. cagarels mohyavda III msof-
lio krebis me-8 muxli, romelmac aseTi
daqvemdebareba ar dauSva, miuxedavad im-
isa, rom rogorc kviprosis eklesia, ise
antioqiis sapatriarqo erT, bizantiis
imperaSi mdebareobdnen teritoriulad.464
n. durnovosa da qarTveli episko-
posebis TvalsazrisiT, ruseTis uwmidesma
sinodma Caidina Semdegi saxis saekle-
sio ukanonoba: saqarTvelos eklesiis
dadgenilebebis da msoflio eklesiis
Tanxmobis gareSe gaauqma Zveli iveriis
sakaTalikoso, misi bolo kaTalikos-pa-
triarqi ZaldatanebiT gaasaxla ucxo
qveyanaSi, saqarTvelos eklesias Camo-
arTva mamulebi, gaauqma saqarTvelos ek-
lesiis adgilobrivi krebebi mTeli sauku-
nis manZilze (avtokefaliis aRdgenam-
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi avtokefaliis gauqmebisas
de), daavala saqarTvelos eklesias misi
krebis daudgenlad edResaswaula ruse-
Tis eklesiis wmidanTa dReebi, agzavni-
da saqarTvelos eklesiis mmarTvelad eg-
zarqosebs da sxv.465 qarTuli eklesiis
Serwyma rusulTan im dros kanonikurad
ar momxdara, radganac es SeiZleboda
momxdariyo mxolod kanonikur safuZ-
velze, e.i. saqarTvelosa da ruseTis
eklesiaTa adgilobrivi krebebis gadaw-
yvetilebiT, aRmosavleTis patriarqTa
dasturiT, sinamdvileSi ki saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefalia gauqmebuli iqna
imperatoris neba-surviliT. jer kidev
1809 wlis 6 ivniss saqarTvelos mTa-
varmarTebelma generalma tormasovma
ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis winaSe daaye-
na sakiTxi saqarTvelos umaRlesi sa-
suliero sammarTvelo organos dikas-
teriis Seqmnis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kaTa-
likos-patriarq anton II-is daqvemde-
barebaSi. sabolood, imperatoris gada-
wyvetilebiT kaTalikosi anton II 1810
wlis 3 noembers iZulebiT gagzavnes
ruseTSi (faqtobrivad dapatimrebuli,
radganac miuyenes rusi mcvelebi, rom-
lebsac TiTqosda igi unda daecvaT, raTa
gzaze romelime batoniSvils ar moet-
acna). 1811 wlis TebervalSi generalma
tormasovma sTxova uwmides sinods Tavis
egzarqosad saqarTveloSi, kaTalikos-pa-
triarqis nacvlad, daeniSna arqiepisko-
posi varlam erisTavi. am ukanasknelma
Seadgina `proeqti saqarTvelos eklesi-
is gardasaqmnelad~, romelic daamtkica
imperatorma aleqsandre I-ma 1811 wlis
464 Öàãàðåëè À. Còàòúè è çàìåòêè ïî ãðóçèíñêîìó öåðêîâíîìó âîïðîñó, ÑÏÁ, 1912, ñ. XXII; 465 g.rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqarTveloSi, 1801-1917 ww. 1997, gv. 111.
150 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
30 ivniss. am proeqtis Tanaxmad, saqarTve-
los eklesias saTaveSi unda Casdgomo-
da specialuri organo _ dikasteria,
romelSic mRvdelmTavrebTan erTad ar-
qimandritebica da dekanozebic unda Se-
suliyvnen. mcxeTisa da qarTlis mitro-
polits unda hqonoda uwmidesi sinodis
egzarqosis wodeba. varlam erisTavs
uboZes egzarqosoba da daumtkices ruse-
Tis uwmidesi sinodis wevroba. 46 6 es
moxda imperatoris brZanebiT.
18 14 wlis 30 agvistos Seiqmna
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kantora
ruseTis uwmidesi sinodis daqvemdebare-
baSi. egzarqosi iwoda saqarTvelo-im-
ereTis egzarqosad, igi iyo Tavmjdomare
kantorisa. amasTanave, quTaisSi Seiqmna
dikasteria imereTis, samegrelosa da
guriis eklesiebis samarTavad. 1810-1811
wlebisaTvis aRmosavleT saqar-TveloSi
iyo Semdegi eparqiebi: 1. mcxeTis; 2.
sionis anu Tbilisis; 3. samTavros; 4.
ruisis; 5. walkis; 6. samTavisis; 7.
urbnisis; 8. niqozis; 9. alaverdis; 10.
ninowmindis; 11. rusTavis; 12. nekresis;
13. bodbis. maTi gamgeblobis qveS iyo
799 eklesia, 7 arqiepiskoposi, 746
mRvdeli, 146 diakvani, 661 eklesiis mom-
saxure, 75 beri, 6 arqimandriti (qv-
abTaxevisa, SiomRvimisa, ikorTisa, dav-
iT garejis ioane naTlismcemlisa, Sua-
mTisa, largvisisa da Tirisa467), imereTSi
iyo Se mdegi ep arqiebi : 1. quTaisis;
2. gaenaTis; 3. xonis; 4. raWis _ 620
eklesiiTa da 15 monastriT, samegrelo-
Si iyo 3 eparqia: 1. Wyondidis (martvi-
lis); 2. caiSis; 3. cageris - 233 ek-
lesiiT. guriaSi iyo erTi eparqia _
ozurgeTisa. afxazeTi Sedioda samegre-
los eparqiaSi. magaliTad, samegrelos
gaerTianebuli eparqiis mitropoliti
geronti papitaSvili (1859-1862) _ afx-
azeTis episkoposi iyo.
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kan-
torasa da egzarqoss daevalaT Seem-
cirebinaT saqarTvelos samRvdeloebis
ricxvi, aRar moexdinaT axlebis kurTx-
eva, radganac imperiaSi miaCndaT, rom
maTi raodenoba isedac Zalze didi iyo.
aseve, Tavidanve miznad iyo dasaxuli
SeemcirebinaT saqarTveloSi saepiskopo-
soebis (eparqiebis) ricxvi. marTlac, saek-
lesio reformis Semdeg aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos 13 eparqia 2 eparqiad iqna
gaerTianebuli. imereTis 4 eparqia, 1819
wlis 19 noembris brZanebiT, 1 eparqiad
iqna gaerTianebuli, 1829 wlisaTvis
samegreloSi 3-is nacvlad 1 eparqia iqna
datovebuli, isic 1874 w. gaauqmes, mi-
uerTes imereTis kaTedras (samegrelos
episkoposs ewoda vikaruli episkoposi).
guriis (jumaTis) samitropolito 1833
wels SeuerTes imereTis eparqias. sxva-
dasxva wels sistematurad mimdinare-
obda eparqiaTa SeerTeba, gauqmeba da
kvlav aRdgena.468
ruseTis saxelmwifo xazinaSi ruse-
Tis imperiam gadaricxa saqarTvelos saek-
lesio miwebi, saerTo raodenobiT sul
539.649 desetina, agreTve, ruseTis saxa-
zino uwyebas gadaeca saeklesio glexe-
bi _ 15.147 komli. xazinisaTvis gada-
ce muli miwe b is f asi gan i sazR vra
680.031.250 maneTad (faqtobriv Rire-
bulebaze naklebad). am mamulebis sako-
mpensaciod saqarTvelos saegzarqosos
xazin ida n yov elwliurad e Zleoda
106.000 maneTi.469
466 g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqarTveloSi, 1801-1917 ww. 1997, gv. 200; 467 iqve, gv.21; 468 iqve, gv. 25; 469 m. TadumaZe, saeklesio glexebis socialur-ekonomikuri mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi(XIX s. I naxevari). 1993, gv. 69.
151saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saeklesio mamulebis saxazino fondSi
gadasvlis procesma gaiara 3 safexuri.
pirvel safexurze, 1811 wlidan 1841
wlamde, saeklesio aznaurebi TavianTi
yma-mamuliT gadairicxnen saxazino uw-
yebaSi, sekularizaciis meore etapi
moicavda 1843-1852 wlebs da ewodeboda
_ `uZravi saeklesio mamulebis saxazi-
no uwyebaSi gadasvla~. mesame etapze,
1853-1869 wlebSi, yvela dasaxlebuli
Tu dausaxlebeli saeklesio miwa sam-
udamod gadaeca saxazino mmarTvelobas,
kirionis azriT, amis sanacvlod sasuli-
ero uwyebas eniSneboda yovelwliuri Se-
mosavali 760.000 maneTi.470
rogorc rusuli saeklesio-samoqalaqo
kanonmdebloba gvamcnobs, ruseTis uw-
mides sinods uSualod emorCileboda ori
sinodaluri kantora : moskov isa da
saqarTvelo-imereTisa (Uhepbyj-Bvthtn-
bycrfz), saqarTvelos eparqiebisaTvis si-
nodis ganyofilebis movaleobas asruleb-
da ̀ saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri kan-
tora~ egzarqosis meTaurobiT. irCevda
kandidatebs vakantur adgilebze da ud-
genda sinods dasamtkiceblad~.
1. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur
kantoras Tavmjdomareobda saqarTvelos
egzarqosi. am kantoris wevrebs niSnav-
da uwmidesi sinodi.471
2. egzarqosi iniSneboda umaRlesi
(e.i. saimperatoro) brZanebulebiT, uw-
midesi sinodis wevris wodebiT (1811 wlis
30 ivlisis da 1817 wlis 14 martis
brZanebulebiT).
3. saqarTvelo-imereTis kantora, uw-
midesi sinodis mier dakisrebul uSua-
lo movaleobaTa garda, ixilavda agreTve
eparqialuri mRvdelmTavrebisagan miRe-
bul saqmeebs (egzarqatis farglebSi) da
wyvetda maT wevrebis saerTo Tanxmo-
biT. uTanxmoebis SemTxvevaSi, gadascem-
da uwmides sinods.472
4. unda hyoloda uSualo meTvaly-
ureobis qveS adgilobrivi berZnuli sam-
Rvdeloeba, nebismieri darRveva unda
ecnobebina sinodisaTvis, raTa mas Tavis
mxriv euwyebina patriarqebisaTvis da,
saerTod, aRmosavleTis eklesiebisa da
monastrebis saqmeebze, romelnic Sediod-
nen egzarqatis sazRvrebSi, kontroli
unda daewesebina.472 (igulisxmeba, rom
saqarTvelosa da kavkasiaSi aRmosavle-
Tis, e.i. antioqia-ierusalimis patri-
arqebs TavianTi eklesia-monastrebi da
mamulebi hqondaT).
5. kantoras evaleboda RvTismsaxurTa
gasamarTleba da SeeZlo maTTvis dana-
SaulisaTvis wodebis CamorTmeva.472
6. gascemda metrikul mowmobebs da
samRvdeloTa mier gacemulT amowmebda.
7. mis gamgeblobaSi Sedioda qarTl-
kaxeTis (saqarTvelos), imereTisa da
samegrelos yvela saeklesio qoneba, misi
yvela SemosavliTa da gasavliT, amito-
mac iRebda yvela mRvdelmTavrisagan
angariSebs eparqiaTa mixedviT da yovel-
wliurad amis Sesaxeb cnobas aZlevda
uwmides sinods.472
8. saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodaluri
kantoris kancelaria imyofeboda uwmidesi
sinodis oberprokuroris mier gamorCeuli
prokuroris uwyebaSi.472
saqarTvelo-imereTis sinodalur kan-
toras ufro meti uflebamosileba hqonda,
vidre moskovisas.
saerTod, TviTon uwmidesi sinodi
dawesda gauqmebuli rusuli sapatri-
470 g. rogava, qristianuli religia da eklesia saqarTveloSi, 1997, gv. 28; 471 Îáoçðåíèå Öåðêîâíî-ãðàæäàíñêèõ óçàêîíåíèé, ÑÏÁ, 1900, ñ. 95; 472 iqve, gv. 95.
152 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
arqo mmarTvelobis (1588-1700 ww.) san-
acvlod, 1721 wels imperator petre I-
is brZanebiT. uwmides sinods urTier-
Toba ministrebsa da umaRles saero
pirebTan unda hqonoda sinodis ober-
prokuroris saSualebiT. ruseTSi patri-
arqobis Semdeg deformirebul iqna iqam-
de rusul saxelmwifosa da eklesias
Soris arsebuli simfonia. saxelmwifo
warmarTavda yovelgvar saeklesio saqmi-
anobas, mkacrad akontrolebda saekle-
sio cxovrebas. krebebs aRar iwvevdnen.
maT nacvlad dadgenil iqna e.w. `mcire
kreba _ uwmidesi sinodi~, romelic ga-
daiqca saeklesio xelisuflebis umaRles
organod. amave dros uwmidesi sinodi
iyo saxelmwifo dawesebuleba, senatis,
saxelmwifo sabWos, anda ministrTa kabi-
netis msgavsad. sinodis yvela dadge-
nileba gamodioda tvifriT: `misi imper-
atorobiTi udidebulesobis brZanebiT~,
misi vizireba unda moexdina agreTve
sinodis oberprokurors.473
rogorc aRiniSna, 1815 wlidan dikas-
teria quTaisSic unda daarsebuliyo,
magram Seqmnili viTarebis gamo rusul-
ma xelisuflebam ver SeZlo dasavleT
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmeba. mas meTaurobda afxazTa kaTa-
likosis adgilze mjdomi mitropoliti
dosiTeos quTaTeli (wereTeli), romel-
sac 1798 wels solomon II-m uboZa kaTa-
likosoba, magram dosiTeosma faqtobri-
vad ar ineba am umaRlesi titulis miReba,
radganac surda saqarTvelos eklesiuri
gaerTianeba qarTlis kaTalikos-patri-
arqis erTmTavrobiT. qveynis politikuri
gaerTianebis momxre iyo gaenaTeli mit-
ropoliti eqvTime (efTvime ServaSiZe,
guriis erisTavis Svili).
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi saeklesio
qoneba aRweres da igi saqarTvelo-im-
ereTis sinodalur kantoras dauqvemde-
bares. imereTSi rusebs eklesiis qonebis
aRwera xalxma ar daaneba, miuxedavad
egzarqos varlamisa da 1817 wlidan eg-
zarqos Teofane rusanovis mcdelobisa.
imereTis saeklesio ajanyeba usastike-
sad C aaxSv es 1820 wels. e klesiis
damoukideblobisaTvis mebrZoli mitro-
polit dosiTeos quTaTelis Sesaxeb
gaica brZaneba: ̀ Tu cocxali igdeT xelT
_ mokaliT, magram misi cxedari mand ar
datovoT, saqarTvelos gareT unda dav-
marxoT~. dosiTeosi cemiT mokles toma-
raSi xel-fexSekruli.
eqvTime gaenaTeli Seipyres da novgor-
odSi gadaasaxles . imereTis oTxi
saepiskoposo gauqmda da maT nacvlad
Seiqmna erTi eparqia _ 618 eklesiiT, 15
monastriT, 693 mRvdliT, 1.800 saekle-
sio glexis komliT, 130 saeklesio azn-
auris komliT, 186 saeklesio aznaureb-
is glexebis komliT, saeklesio qoneba
imarTeboda saeklesio mouravebis insti-
tutis mier.474 `saqarTvelo-imereTis si-
nodaluri kantora saqarTvelos egzar-
qosis TavmjdomareobiT~ Sedgeboda oTxi
wevrisagan: 3 arqimanrditi da 1 dekanozi.775
saqarTvelos saegzarqosos umTavre-
si mizani iyo aTaswleulTa manZilze
dagrovili qarTuli saeklesio qonebis
gadacema ruseTis xazinisaTvis, rasac
miaRwies XIX s-is 50-ian wlebSi, amis
Semdeg umTavres orientirad daisaxa
qarTveli xalxis garuseba rusuli saek-
lesio mmarTvelobis meSveobiT. am epo-
qaSi rusuli eklesia da misi nawili
saqarTvelos saegzarqoso imperiuli
mmarTvelobis Semadgeneli erTeuli iyo.
473 Îáoçðåíèå Öåðêîâíî-ãðàæäàíñêèõ óçàêîíåíèé, ÑÏÁ, 1900, ñ. 111; 474 g. vaWriZe, imereTis droebiTimmarTveloba, 1999 w. gv. 250 ; 475 Â. Öûïèí, öåðêîâíîå ïðàâî, ñ. 237-238.
153saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
1917 wlis krebebma (marti-seqtem-
beri) aRadgina saqarTvelos eklesiis av-
tokefalia, mas saTaveSi Caudga uwmide-
si da unetaresi sruliad saqarTvelos
kaTalikos-patriarqi.
am krebebiT daiwyo axali periodi
Cveni erisa da eklesiis cxovrebaSi,
kvlavindeburad aRdgenil iqna adgilo-
brivi saeklesio krebebis, rogorc umaR-
lesi sakanonmdeblo organoebis mowve-
va. 1917 wlidan 1995 wlis CaTvliT
krebaTa angariSebi mocemulia Sesabamis
adgilze. maT Soris aRsaniSnavia is
krebebi, romelTac gamosces `marTva-gam-
geobis debulebebi~. isini 1917, 1920,
1928, 1945, 1995 wlebSi gamoica.
miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelos ek-
lesias samarTlis sferoSi ukve aRar
eWira is adgili, romelic tradiciuli
iyo misTvis, vidre TiTqmis avtokefali-
is gauqmebamde.
ruseTis wmida sinodisa da imperiis
saxelmwifo moxeleebisaTvisac ki cno-
bili iyo is faqti, rom XX s-is av-
tokefaluri moZraoba miznad isaxavda
ara mxolod saeklesio damoukideblo-
bis aRdgenas, aramed mis saboloo mi-
zans warmoadgenda saqarTvelos saxelmwi-
foebriobis aRdgena (`Tavisufal ekle-
sias gverdiT amovuyenoT damoukidebeli
saqarTvelo~ _ leonides sityvebia).
avtokefaluri moZraobis wiaRSi war-
moiSva idea saqarTvelos administraci-
uli gaerTianebisa. saqme is iyo, rom
imJamad arsebobda Tbilisisa da quTai-
sis guberniebi, soxumis, zaqaTalasa da
baTumis okrugebi, magram erTiani admin-
saeklesio samarTlis wyaroebi avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg
istraciuli erTeuli `saqarTvelo~ ar
arsebobda. qarTveli eris konsolidaci-
isaTvis am ueWvelad pirvelxarisxovan
problemas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba
miapyro 1904-1917 wlebSi Catarebulma
uamravma, TiTqmis 100-ze metma saekle-
sio krebam, ufro metic, swored qarTu-
li eklesiis wiaRSi da masTan daaxloe-
bul inteligentTa wreebSi Camoyalibda
axali idea, rom ruseTis imperiis wiaR-
Si ara mxolod Camoyalibebuliyo ad-
ministraciuli erTeuli `saqarTvelo~,
aramed mas hqonoda saxelmwifoebrivi
avtonomiac. saqarTvelos avtonomiis moT-
xovnas sastikad ewinaaRmdegebodnen saqar-
TveloSi imJamad liderobis mqone so-
cialisturi orientaciis partiebi, sa-
qarTvelos damoukideblobis aRdgenis
Semdeg, 1918-1921 wlebSi arsebul sax-
elmwifos saTaveSi Caudgnen iqamde misi
Tavisuflebis mowinaaRmdege socialiste-
bi (menSevikebi), amasTan, isini aRmoCnd-
nen mkveTrad gamoxatuli aTeisturi
orientaciisa (iseve , rogorc maTi Tana-
partieli bolSevikebi ruseTSi), amis gamo
moxda ise, rom sabWoTa ruseTis mier
saqarTvelos okupaciamde (25.02.1921)
ramdenime dRiT adre xelisuflebam mi-
iRo saqarTvelos konstitucia, romel-
Sic mTlianad iyo ignorirebuli saqar-
Tvelos aTaswlovani samociqulo ekle-
sia, ufro metic, saqarTvelos saxelm-
wifos Semqmneli mravalmilioniani qarTve-
li xalxis erovnuli sarwmunoeba – mar-
Tlmadidebloba gaTanabrebuli iyo qvey-
anaSi arsebul mcire samwysos mqone sxva-
dasxva konfesiebTan. ase, rom saqarTve-
154 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
los saxelmwifos Seqmnis erT-erTi ini-
ciatori da misTvis ideurad Tavdadeb-
iT mebrZoli qarTuli eklesia ̀ gamoyves~
saxelmwifosagan . amiT mTlianad gada-
Wres eklesiis normaluri arsebobisa da
ganviTarebisaTvis saWiro ekonomikuri
ZarRvi. qarTuli eklesia kerZo orga-
nizaciad gadaiqca. amgvar qmedebebs Sed-
egad mohyva qveyanaSi erovnul-patri-
otuli suliskveTebis dacema, nihilizmi,
ramac gauadvila ruseTs saqarTvelos
xelmeore okupacia da aneqsireba 1921
wels, Camoyalibda axali urTierToba
eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris. XX
s-Si arsebul am urTierTobas kargad
gamoxatavs `saqarTvelos sabWoTa so-
cialisturi respublikis kanonmdebloba
eklesiis Sesaxeb~, kerZod, misi me-11
muxlis Tanaxmad `eklesia CamoSorebu-
lia saxelmwifos, skola _ eklesias~.
1921 wlis 15 aprils dekretis `sax-
elmwifos eklesiisa da eklesiisagan sko-
lis gamoyofis Sesaxeb~ me-14 muxlis Tanax-
mad, `saeklesio da religiur sazogadoe-
bebs ara aqvT neba kerZo sakuTrebis flo-
bisa, agreTve iuridiuli pirovnebebis
uflebasac moklebulni arian~. msgavsia
am dekretis yvela muxli, sinamdvile-
Si, eklesiaze uxeSad zemoqmedebda sa-.
xelmwifo Tavisi damsjeli manqanis
meSveobiT, romlis erT xilul nawils
XX s-is meore naxevarSi `religiur
saqmeTa rwmunebulis aparati~ ewoda.
XX s-is 90-ian wlebSi ssrk-is rRve-
vis Sedegad kvlav warmoiSva damoukide-
beli saqarTvelos saxelmwifo. samwux-
arod, jerjerobiT ar Cans arsebiTi niSani
imisa, rom simfon iuri urTierToba
erovnul eklesiasa da erovnul sax-
elmwifos Soris, romelic damaxasiaTe-
beli iyo Zvel saqarTvelosaTvis, kv-
lav aRdges, rom eklesia ar iyos kanon-
mdeblobiT gamoyofili saxelmwifoebriv-
saqveyno cxovrebidan . arc im faqts
eqceva yuradReba, rom msoflios um-
ravles demokratiul qveynebSi arseboben
`erovnuli~, `saxalxo~ saxelmwifoe-
brivi statusis mqone eklesiebi, romelT-
ac miniWebuli aqvT ufleba kurirebd-
nen aRzrda-ganaTlebisa da socialur
sistemebs, yuradReba miapyron xalxis
moralur-zneobrivi saxis gaumjobese-
bas. risTvisac eZlevaT Sesabamisi sub-
sidiebi, imedia, es mdgomareoba CvenSic
gaumjobesdeba.
am mxriv did imeds gvisaxavs 2002
wlis 14 oqtombers saqarTvelos uw-
midesi da unetaresi kaTolikos-patri-
arqis ilia II-isa da saqarTvelos prez-
identis mier xelmowerili ̀ konstituci-
uri SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos saxelmwi-
fosa da saqarTvelos samociqulo ek-
lesiis avtokefalur marTlmadidebel ek-
lesias Soris~. es dokumenti damtkice-
bulia parlamentisa da wmida sinodis
mier da amJamad ZalaSia Sesuli.
155saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos eklesiis
sakanonmdeblo
krebebi
n a w i l i m e o r e
156 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
157saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
ruis-urbnisis saeklesio kreba (1103-1104)
ruis-urbnisis cnobil saeklesio kre-
bas mravali gamokvleva miuZRvnes gamoCe-
nilma qarTvelma mecnierebma. ivane jav-
axiSvilis azriT, igi ̀ Cveulebrivi, morigi
kreba ki ara, aramed sagangebo da gan-
sakuTrebuli yriloba yofila~.476
unda aRiniSnos, rom e. gabiZaSvili
krebis mowvevis TariRad miiCnevs 1105
wels.477 tradiciuli TvalsazrisiT, es
kreba 1103 wels moiwvia daviT aRmaSene-
belma. r. metrevelis mixedviT, kreba
mowveul iqna 1104 wels.478 1103 wliT
krebis daTariRebas xels TiTqosda is
uSlis, rom krebis Zegliswera asea dasa-
Taurebuli: `Zegliswera wmidisa da Rm-
rTivSekrebulisa krebisa~, romeli Semo-
krba brZanebiTa keTilad msaxurisa da
RmrTiv dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa daviT
afxazTa da qarTvelTa, ranTa da kaxTa
mefisaYTa, pirTaTKs, romelni quemo moPse-
nebul arian~.479 miRebuli TvalsazrisiT
ki, 1103 wlisaTvis kaxeT-hereTi mefes
mierTebuli ar hqonda, maSasadame, arc
Sesabamisi tituli gaaCnda, magram am
Zeglisweris dasaTaureba SeiZleba gvi-
ani periodis iyos. saerTod ki, k. kekel-
iZis azriT, `Zegliswera~ metad sayu-
radRebo naSTia qarTuli iuridiuli mw-
erlobisa da ara marto qarTulis, aramed
sazogadoisac, ramdenadac imaSi aRibeWda
sazogado saeklesio-iuridiuli normebi~.480
Zegliswera iwyeba saRvTismetyvelo
vrceli SesavliT. saqarTveloSi qris-
tianobis gavrcelebis Sesaxeb masSi gad-
mocemulia fundamenturi Tvalsazrisi,
rom andria mociqulma mxolod dasav-
leT, anda samxreT saqarTveloSi ki ar
iqadaga, aramed `mTel saqarTveloSi~ da
mis dros ara qarTvelTa erTma jgufma
miiRo qristianoba qveynis romelime kuTx-
eSi _ aramed mTeli qarTveli eris ume-
tesobam. II-III ss-Si qristianoba idevne-
boda da qristianTa ricxvic Semcirda,
amitomac saWiro Seiqna wmida ninos qad-
ageba, samefo saxlis moqceva. Zegliswera
yuradRebas miapyrobs, rom wm. ninom
mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelo ki ar
gaanaTla, aramed sruliad saqarTvelo,
mTeli qarTveli eri. Tu raoden didm-
niSvnelovania aseTi Tvalsazrisi, iqidan-
ac Cans, rom dResac ki wm. ninos aRmo-
savleT saqarTveloSi moRvawed da mefe
mirians aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mefed
miiCneven, Zeglisweris mixedviT ki mefe
miriani sruliad saqarTvelos mefe iyo
da mis dros rogorc dasavleTma, ise
aRmosavleT saqarTvelom erTdroulad
miiRo qristianoba. ase rom, XI-XII ss-
Ta saqarTveloSi erovnuli TviTSemec-
neba, erisa da qveynis sulieri mTlianobis
Segneba gacilebiT ufro maRal doneze
idga, vidre Semdgom, dRevandel dRem-
de. Sesabamisi teqsti aseTia: `...pirvel-
wodebuli andria, Zma Tavisa mociqul-
TaYsa petresi, vidre Cvendamdeca moi-
wia da qadaga sacxorebeli qadageba sax-
arebisa yovelsa qveyanasa saqarTveloY-
sasa da uricxvni simravleni erTani gana-
Sora sacdurisagan... umravlesman erman
qarTlisaman simravlesa Sina Jamisasa daivi-
wya qadagebaY igi mociqulTaY da sac-
Turisave mimarT kerpTaYsa miaqcia~.481
476 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani, t. VI, 1982, gv. 54; 477 e. gabiZaSvili, ruis-urbnisis saeklesiokreba, jvari vazisa, 1989, #1, gv. 58; 478 qse , 8, gv. 468; 479 `didi sjuliskanoni~, 1975, gv. 543;480 k. kekeliZe, Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, 1980, t. 1, gv. 571; 481 `didi sjuliskanoni~,1975, gv. 545.
158 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
amitomac, RmerTma mogvivlina wmida nino,
romelmac `sarwmunoebasa mimarT TKsisa
miizida yoveli savsebaY yovlisa qarTvel-
Ta naTesavisaY~.482 mis qadagebaTa Semdgom
qarTvelTa mefem mirianma konstantine di-
dis nebiT mcxeTaSi Camoiyvana antioqie-
li patriarqi evstaTi: `wmidaTa mier
xelTa misTa naTel-iRo man da yovelman
erman qarTlisaman~.482 rogorc aRvniS-
neT, teqstSi xazgasmulia mTeli qarTveli
erisa da mTeli saqarTvelos erTdrou-
li gaqristianeba Savi zRvidan somxeT-
albaneTamde. aRsaniSnavia, rom es wyaro
`saqarTvelos~ uwodebs mTel qarTvel-
Ta qveyanas, rogorc mociqulTa, ise wm.
ninos dros. amJamad ki zogierTi mkvle-
vari krZalavs sityva `saqarTvelos~ mox-
seniebas XI s-mde. maTi mtkicebiT, es
termini TiTqosda mxolod XI s-Si gaCn-
da da amitomac mxolod mis Semdeg unda
iqnes gamoyenebuli istoriuli faqtebis
gadmocemisas. rogorc aRiniSna, ruis-urb-
nisis Zegliswera mociqulTa da wm. ni-
nos droindel qarTvelTa qveyanas rogorc
dasavleT, ise aRmosavleT nawilebs
`saqarTvelos~ uwodebs. amitomac CvenTvis
swored Zeglisweris midgoma unda iyos
arsebiTi da ara aRniSnuli mkvlevarebi-
sa, amitomac ̀ saqarTvelo~ unda vuwodoT
qarTvelTa qveyanas XI s-mdec.
aRsaniSnavia meore terminologiuri
midgomac. amJamad miCneulia, rom qarTuli
eklesiis meTaurs `kaTolikosi~ ewodeba
V s-is Semdeg da am sityvasTan akav-
Sireben qarTuli eklesiis avtokefali-
is mopovebas, magram ruis-urbnisis kre-
bis Zegliswera `kaTalikoss~ uwodebs
qarTuli eklesiis pirvelive meTaurs IV
s-Si. antioqielma evstaTim pirveli
qarTuli eklesiis aSenebis Semdeg, `xe-
ldasxmul-yo mas Sina maTTvis episko-
posi-kaTolikosi~.483 aseve efrem mcirec
`kaTalikoss~ uwodebs qarTuli eklesi-
is pirvel meTaurs IV s-Si. marTlac,
IV s-Si qristianobis saxelmwifoebrivi
aRiareba da mTeli qveynis momcveli
qarTuli eklesiis organizeba, misi mkacri
ierarqiuli struqturidan gamomdinare,
swored imas gulisxmobda, rom mefis
qalaqSi mjdomi episkoposi iqca qveynis
sayovelTao ierarqad, sayovelTao episko-
posad, romelsac unda daqvemdebarebod-
nen qveynis provinciaTa episkoposebi.
`kaTalikosi~ swored sayovelTao episko-
poss erqva berZnulad, amitomac Tuki
qristianoba namdvilad saerTo-saxalxo
sarwmunoebad iqca IV s-Si da imave dros
organizebul iqna qarTuli eklesia, mis
pirvel mRvdelmTavars sayovelTao sa-
suliero Zalaufleba unda gaevrcelebina
kidec mTel qveyanaze. qarTuli eklesi-
is meTauris dadgenis cnobis mowodebis
Semdeg, `Zegliswera~ exeba msoflio
krebaTa kanonebs, gadmoscems maT da
agreTve eklesiis wmida mamaTa mier
gamocemul kanonebsac. kerZod, ruis-urb-
nisis kreba aRiarebs Svidi msoflio kre-
bis, adgilobrivi krebebisa da mamaTa
mier mocemul kanonebs, `es aris wmida
da saeklesio kanonTa krebuli, dabeWd-
ili da Senaxuli yovelgvari Sematebisa
da moklebis gareSe. amaTi codna, miyo-
la da mtkiced pyroba marTebs yvela
qristianul madideblobis winamZRvar
mRvdelmTavars, mRvdlebsa da diakvnebs,
Cven Soris moZRvrad saxeldebul mon-
azvnebs da mTlianad da sruliad mar-
TlmadidebelT eklesias~.484
amis Semdeg `Zegliswera~ gadmoscems
macxovris qveynad mosvlis mizezebsa da
482 `didi sjuliskanoni~, 1975, gv. 546; 483 iqve , gv. 546; 484 `didi sjuliskanoni, saqarTveloseklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 466.
159saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mniSvnelobas, Tu rogor `mogveca pirve-
lad bunebiTi da merme dawerili rju-
li~. aRwers, Tu ra didi mniSvneloba
aqvs `qristesmoyvare eris sasuliero
dasTan erTxmobas~, rom `amisTvis iqna
qristesmoyvare da RvTivdaculi mefeeb-
is mier RvTismoyvare episkoposebis da
RvTis saTnomyofeli mamebis krebebis
mowveva drodadro, rom saqmiT srulyo-
fili sarwmunoebiT RmerTTan SeaerTon
qristianebi~,385 rom maTi magaliTisame-
br daviT aRmaSenebelma gadawyvita moewvia
saeklesio kreba. iqve kidev erTxel xaz-
gasmiT aRiniSna, rom kreba sarwmunoe-
brivi sakiTxebis ganxilvas ar eZRvnebo-
da, radganac qarTvelTa sarwmunoeba
ubiwo iyo warsulSi da arc arasodes
raime biwi ar Sexebia. maSasadame, kreba
Sedga saeklesio tradiciis Sesabamis-
ad, rogorc warsulSi RvTismoyvare me-
feebi iwvevdnen krebebs.
`amitom Seikriba RvTismoyvare episko-
posTa, patiosan mRvdelTa, Rirs diak-
vanTa, qristesmoyvare monazonTa, dayude-
bulTa da meudabnoeTa kreba qarTlis
midamoebSi, or axlos mdebare saepisko-
posoSi ruissa da urbnisSi. qarTvelTa
ubiwo sarwmunoebas raime biwi ar Sexe-
bia, es RmerTma nu qnas! ar gecruvnebiT
Sen, Cveni siwmidiT mSobelo wmida ka-
Tolike eklesiav, arca gagcemT Sen Cveno
siamayev – marTlmadideblobav, romli-
saTvisac arasodes gviRalatia, rac misi
Secnobis Rirsni gavxdiT, da risi mow-
mec WeSmaritebaa. es Sekreba moxda sxva,
saeklesio, samRvdelo da saqristiano
sakiTxebis ZiebisaTvis~.485
`ara gecruvnebiT Sen, siwmidiT mSo-
belo Cveno kaTolike eklesiao, arca
gangceT Sen, siqadulo Cveno marTlma-
dideblobao~.486 krebas Tavmjdomareob-
da ̀ yovlisa saqarTveloYsa didi mamamTa-
vari (e.i. patriarqi) yovlad Rirsi mTa-
varepiskoposi-kaTalikosi~ ioane, e.i. io-
ane iyo patriarqi (mamamTavari), kaTa-
likosi da mTavarepiskoposi.
krebam Tavis mier gamocemuli kanon-
ebis 1-li muxliT gankveTa uRirsi episko-
poseb i, romlebic `Rirseulad ver
atarebdnen mRvdelmTavris pativs~. isi-
ni krebas arc wyevliT `Seukravs~ da
arc SeuCvenebia, aramed misca eriska-
cebTan erTad ziarebis neba. isini unda
yofiliyvnen mefis mowinaaRmdege episko-
posebi. maT nacvlad SeirCnen sxvebi _
`asakiTac da saqmiTac sarwmunoni~.
krebis kanonebis me-2 muxlic episko-
posTa asaks Seexeba, rom araa saWiro
maTi kurTxevis dros sulmokleoba da
aCqareba. dadginda: episkoposi xel-
dasxmul iqnes 35 wlisa, mRvdeli 30
wlisa, diakvani 25 wlisa, wignismkiTx-
veli 8 wlisa (e. gabiZaSvilis mixedviT
ara 8, aramed 18 wlisa).
me-3 muxliT aikrZala uwesoba, roca
vinme erTsa da imave dRes iRebda xel-
dasxmas wignismkiTxvelad, ipodiakvnad,
diakvnad da episkoposadac. Tu raime saWiro
mizezi ar aris asaCqareblad, kandidatebma
`weli da wlebi unda dayon TiToeul
xarisxSi, ufro metad diakvnobaSi~.*
me-4 muxliT eklesiebSi gamosayene-
blad dakanonda giorgi mTawmidelis mier
Targmnili `didi kurTxevani~.
me-5 muxliT aikrZala meqrTameoba xel-
dasxmisas (simonia). damnaSave ganikveTeboda.
485 `didi sjuliskanoni, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 467; 486 `didi sjuliskanoni~,1975, gv. 549.
* SeniSvna: muxlebs vixilavT e. gabiZaSvilis dayofis mixedviT
160 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
me-6 muxliT aikrZala nivTebis, siw-
mideTa WurWlis, eklesiis qonebisa da
oqro-vercxlis moxmareba raime saqmis-
aTvis, `tyveTa gamosaxsneladac ki~.
me-7 muxliT aikrZala eklesiis ga-
reT naTliscema, qorwineba, monazvnad
aRkveca da sxv.
me-8 muxliT gvirgvinis pirvelad da
meored kurTxevis Jams nefe-dedoflis
ziarebis neba gaica.
me-9 muxliT ganisazRvra, rom meo-
red gvirgvinis kurTxevis Semdeg mRvde-
li ar unda misuliyo qorwilis su-
fraze. meored jvriswera nebadarTuli
iyo, magram eklesiisaTvis ar iyo saTno.
me-10 muxliT dadginda akrZalva Cvili
bavSvebis jvriswerisa, magram maT mSoblebs
neba miecaT Cvili qal-vaJis daniSvnisa.
srulwlovanebis miRebis Semdeg ki neba
eZleodaT jvriswerisa, am dros qali ar
unda yofiliyo 12 welze umcrosi.
me-11 muxli exeboda qorepiskoposebs.
isini sjulis da wignis mcodneni da
uangaroni unda yofiliyvnen.
me-12 muxliT Semcirda monastrebSi
e.w. `moZRvrebis~ ricxvi (eseni iyvnen
`rjulis mcodneni~, `merCuleni~), maTi
simravle iyo `mravali SfoTisa da ganx-
eTqilebis mizezi~ monasterSi mxolod
erTi moZRvari (didSi ki SeiZleba oric)
unda yofiliyo (iqamde erT monasterSi
5-dan 30-mde iyvnen).
me-13 muxliT aikrZala monastrebSi
vaWroba, e.i. eris savaWro Sekreba.
m e - 1 4 muxl iT d ad g i nd a : `e r T
sakurTxevelTan erTi da imave Sesawiravis
SewirviT mravali sulisaTvis mravali
mRvdlis mier Jamiswirva wesi ar aris
da ukugdebulia~.487 dadginda, rom wir-
va dayenebuliyo ara erTi romelime pir-
isaTvis, aramed yvela qristianisaTvis.
erTi kacisaTvis (cocxlis an micvale-
bulisaTvis) wirvis dayeneba SeiZlebo-
da mxolod p atara samkveTloSi an
egvterSi (eklesiis StoSi).
me-15 muxliT dadginda marTlmadide-
blobaSi Sesuli yofili monofizitis
(ZvelqarTuliT `xaCecaris~) monaTvla.
me-16 muxliT aikrZala marTlmadide-
blebis qorwineba aramarTlmadideblebTan.
me-17 muxlSi aRniSnulia, rom didka-
cobaSi Sesula Cveva ̀ kidis-kide~ jvriswer-
isa, roca jvrisweris dros siZe sxva
adgilas iyo, dedofali ki sxva sofelsa
Tu qalaqSi. maT jvars werdnen aseTi
saxiT: siZesTan dgeboda dedoflis war-
momadgeneli mamakaci, qalTan ki siZis war-
momadgeneli mamakaci, romelTac jvars
werdnen. jvrisweris aseTi saxe, ivane jav-
axiSvilis Tanaxmad, im droisaTvis miRe-
buli yofila dasavleT evropaSi. qarTulma
eklesiam igi akrZala gankanonebiT.
me-18 muxlSi naTqvamia, rom sodomelTa
codvam daamxo sparsTa, midielTa, somex-
Ta da sxva samefoebi. `ar viciT rogor
SemoaRwia am ukeTurebam qristes moR-
vawed saxeldebul erSi~, e.i. saqarTvelo-
Si. muxlSi aRiniSna, rom am codvis mqnelni
`ar daimkvidreben kurTxevas~.
me-19 muxli mimarTulia xatebis
Tayvaniscemis uarmyofelTa winaaRmdeg:
`cxadia, RvTis xatis Tayvanismcemeli
RmerTs scems Tayvans misi saSualebiT
da RvTis xatis maginebeli RmerTs ag-
inebs ueWvelad, rogorc wers amas wmi-
daTa Soris didi basili~.488 xatmebrZo-
li gankveTiT daisjeboda.
krebis mdivani yofila `mefe daviTis
monazoni arseni~, romelmac, Cans, kreb-
is oqmi miarTva mefes Sesabamisi miZRvniT,
487 `didi sjuliskanoni~, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 471; 488 iqve, gv. 474.
161saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
rac Tan axlavs `Zeglisweras~. krebam
mravalJamieri sicocxle usurva mefe-ded-
oflebsa da eklesiis meTaurebs, saukuno
xseneba usurva Rirs saeklesio moRvaweebs.
ruis-urbnisis kreba gvaZlevs msoflio
da adgilobriv krebaTa Semdeg CamonaTvals:
I. ̀ mefeman kostantine Sekriba pirveli
da msoflioY wmidaY krebaY nikeas samas
aT rva metTa wmidaTa mamaTani, romel-
Ta dasxnes kanonni ricxKT ocni~.489
II. `meore wmidaY da msoflio kre-
baY kostantinopolis asergasisTa wmi-
daTa mamaTaY, romelTa kanonni arian
ricxKT Svid~.489
III. `mesame efesoYsa wmidaY da msoflioY
kreba mcirisa Tevdosis mefisa mier Sekrebu-
li, romelman dasxna kanonni rvani~.489
IV. ̀ meoTxe xalkidons eqvsas ocdaaT-
Ta wmidaTa mamaTaY msoflioY krebaY ke-
Tilad msaxurisa markiane mefisa mier
Semokrebuli da ganmawesebeli kanonTa
ricxKT ocdarvaTaY~.489
V. ̀ mexuTeman wmidaman da msoflioman
kostantinopolis Sekrebulman krebaman
mcired izruna saeklesioTa kanonTa gan-
wesebisaTKs~.489
VI. ̀ meequseman wmidaman da msoflioman
krebaman iustinianes ze keTilad msax-
urisa mefisa gumbadsa Sina sameufoYsa
palatisasa Sekrebulman aRavso dakle-
buli misi... dasxna kanonni ricxKT as da
orni, kualad nikiisa meoreman wmidaman
krebaman dasxna kanonni aT rva metni~.489
VII. `wmidasa da meSvidesa wmidaTa xat-
TaTvis Sekrebulsa msofliosa krebasa
ganuwesebian kanonni ricxKT samni oden.490
ruis-urbnisis kreba aRniSnulTa gar-
da C amoTvlis Se mde g `adgilobiT~
krebebs I msoflio krebamde: _ `pirve-
li ankKrias, romelsa daesxnes kanonni
489 `didi sjuliskanoni~, 1975, gv. 546; 490 iqve , gv. 547; 491 iqve, gv. 547.
ocdaoTxni~; 489 ̀ meore neokesarias, dam-
sxmeli kanonTa aToTxmetTaY.489
I msoflio krebis Semdeg `adgilobi-
Ti krebani~: _ ̀ RangrisaY, romlisa kanon-
ni arian oc~;489 `antioqiisaY, damsxmeli
kanonTa ocdaxuTTa~;489 `laodikiisaY ,
frigvisaY da kanonni misni ocdaerTni~.489
IV msoflio krebis Semdeg `adgilo-
biTi kreba~: _ `karTagenisaY da kanonni
misni asocdaaTrvametni~.489
`gumbadis~ (trulis) krebis Semdeg:
_ `arian sxuanica orni masve sameufosa
qalaqsa eklesiasa Sina wmidaTa da yov-
lad qebulTa mociqulTasa Sekrebulni
krebani, romelTa ganuCenian kanonni
ricxKT aTSvidmetni~.491
msoflio krebaTa kanonebis Semdeg
ruis-urbnisis kreba CamoTvlis `mamaTa
mier ganwesebul~ kanonebs:
1. `dionKsios aleqsandriel mTavar-
episkoposisa kanonni oTxni~;491
2. `petre aleqsandrielTa mRvdelT-
mTavrisa da mowamisa kanonni aTxuT metni~;
3. `grigoli episkoposisa neokesari-
elisa sakvirvelTmoqmedisa epistole
kanoniani~;
4. ` d id i s a b a s i l i s k a n o n n i
oTxmeocdaxuTni~, misive ̀ kanoniani epis-
toleebi~: diodores, grigol xucis,
`xorepiskoposTa~, `mis queSeTa episko-
posTa~, `amfiloqes mimarT~;
5. `grigoli noselisa kanonni rvani~;
6. timoTe aleqsandrielisa kanonni
aTxuTmetni;
7. filoTeos aleqsandrielis sity-
va, 10 kanoni, 3 epistole;
8. kirile aleqsandrieli mTavar-
episkoposis 7 kanoni;
9. wm. genadi konstantinopoleli pa-
triarqis epistole.491
162 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
`Zegliswera~ _ ruis-urbnisis krebis kanonebi
[ZeglisweraQ ruis-urbnisis krebisaQ][1103 w.]
ZeglisweraQ wmidisa da RmrTiv Sekrebulisa krebisaQ, romeli SemokrbabrZanebiTa keTilad msaxurisa da RmrTiv-dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa
daviT afxazTa da qarTvelTa, ranTa da kaxTa mefisasa,pirTaTDs romelni quemo moHsenebul arian.
[sruli teqsti]
yovlisave xilulisa da uxilavisa soflisa da yovelTave sacnaurTa da grZno-badTa bunebaTa araarsisagan arsebad momyvanebelman RmerTman uxilavTa maT dazesTa soflisaTa ZalTa bunebaQ ukudavebiTa da uxrwnelebiTa Seamko; xolo quenaQsaamis soflisaganni yovelni qmnisa da xrwnilebisa Soris ganawesna.
amissa Semdgomad moigona axali raQme da ucxoQ dabadebuli, romelsa TDT misTavadisaca dambadebelisa, da sityDerisa da pirutyDsa da yovlisave agebulisabunebisa ziarebaQ Tavsa Soris TDssa moaqundes. da mis mier, viTarca sazogadoQsasakrvelisa mier, SeerTebad RmrTisa Semokrbebodin yovelni dabadebulni; da TanadxuTnive saxeni yovelTa arsTa ganyofilebisani daiHsnebodin; romeli viTarcameore raQme sofeli mcire didsa Sina, anu didi mciresa Sina, daadgina queyanasazeda, RmrTiv Suenieri igi da didebuli samoTxe daasxa aRmosavalsa edemisasa.
garna vinaQTgan man nivTad TDTmflobelisa micemuli misda sjuli winaukumodsaRmrToQsa nebisa iHumia, da SuriTa eSmakisaQTa da ganmcdelobiTa dedakacisaQTacdomili Zelisa misgan cxorebisa da samoTxisa da RmrTisa siborotisaTDs eqso-ria iqmna da sikudiliTa da xrwnilebiTa dasjili, bevreulTa vnebaTa da ZDrTamier uflebul iqmna.
rameTu pirvelad sisxlTa mier ZmisaTa mewamul myofelman HelTaman kainkualad meorisa RmrTisa mierisa wyevisa Tanamdeb yo queyanaQ.
merme siboroteman gmirTaman SenanebaQ arwmuna dambadebelsa ucxoQsa miscxovelisa kacisa esoden sakvirvelebiT dabadebisaQ; da wyliTa rRunisaQTa aR-HocaQ yovlisa aRmdgomisaQ pirisagan miwisa.
amissa Semdgomad, silaRiTman Helyofaman godlis maSenebelTaman, SerevniTaenaTaQTa da mimodayofiTa naTesavTaQTa, meoTxed dasaja naTesavi kacTaQ.
xolo gamoCinebaman kerpTa siborgilisaman da nacvalad dambadebelisa msaxure-baman dabadebulisaman sruliad ganaSora da ucxo yo kaci Semoqmedisa RmrTisagan.
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merme RaRadebaman sodomelTa sibilwiT slvisaman wunwubasa Tana aRreuliTacecxliTa mowuvad aiZula soflebi xuTqalaqisaQ.
kualad gulficxelobasa faraoQsasa da usaxure basa megD ptelTasa ucxoTamZlavrebaTaTDs ucxoQ miego misagebeli, da guamTa maTTa _ ucxod dammarxvelisaflavebi.
amissa Semdgomad didi mose, Sjuli, mRdelobaQ, msxuerplni, salxinebelniTiTo saxeni, msajulni, mefobaQ, winaQswarmetyuelebaQ, yofadTa winaQswari cnobaQ,saxis SecvalebiTni RmrTis gamocxadebani.
mermeca kualad kerpTmsaxurebaQ, TDT mis moses mier egDptiT gamoyvanebulisada sjuldebulisa, da esodenTa pativTa Rirs-qmnulisa, da pirmSod Zed aRsarebu-lisa erisaQ.
amissa Semdgomad kualad mZlavrebaQ, kualad tyueobaQ mravalgzis mravalTa naTe-savTa, da ukuanaQsknel babilovnelTa mieri, romelTa mefisa RmrTis wina-aRmdgomsamogonebasa saqmiT amxiles samTa maT WabukTa israitelTa, raJams sakrvelTa rkini-saTa ganmlevelman saHumilman Seuxeblad daicvna maTni advilad gansalevnelni Tmanida Sesamoselni, mermeca kualad qalaqi da taZari, kualad sjuli da mRdelobaQ.
da raodenni raQ iyvnes sjulisani, da sakDrvelisa mis sjulierisa msaxurebi-sani, garna verca erTi raQ pirvel TqumulTa amaTgani SemZlebel iqmna kurnebadbunebisa, ginaTu mtanjvelobiTa da saSinelebaTa, anu qvelis-moqmedebiTTa sitk-boebaTagani, romelTa Tana sjulnica uqm iyvnes, bunebiTsa vityD da dawerilsa,da uZlieresi saHmar iyo wamali salmobaTaTDs uborotesTa.
amisTDs, TDT guamovani igi sibrZne da Zali da Tana-arsi RmrTisa mamisasityuaQ, romeli dasabamad iyo, da RmrTisa Tana iyo, da maradis iyo, movidaxatisa TDsisa da uxrwnelTa maTgan da yovlad ubiwoTa sisxlTa WeSmaritebiT, dasakuTrad RmrTis-mSobelisa maradis qalwulisaTa Horcni Seimosna HorcTaTDs, dasulsa goniersa da sityDersa Seezava, sulisaTDs Cemisa msgavsiTa msgavssa ganwmedad,rameTu miuRebeli ukurnebelca ars. da TDsisa qmnulisa wil TDT miiTuala brZolaQ.
da esreT, yovelive HorcTa mieri gangebulebaQ, juarisa Tana vnebaTa, safla-vsa da RmrTiv-Sueniersa aRdgomasa, srul yo raQ, queyanasa zeda didebiT aR-mavalman zecad, waravlinna aTormetni mowafeni TDsni, romelTaca mociquladuwoda, raQTa RmrTis mecnierebisa naTliTa, yovliT kerZo soflisaQT ganHadonbneli uRmrToebisaQ, da, saxelisa mimarT wmidisa samebisa naTlis-cemiTa, aswaonTa yua niscem aQ Tana-arsi sa erT RmrTe ebi saQ , da, dam arx viTa s acxore belTamcnebaTaQTa, kualad agnen kacni pirvelsave netarebiTsa didebasa.
eseni, viTarca Saravandedni mzisa mis simarTlisani, ganefinnes raQ kideTaqueyanisaTa, yoveli nivTi kerpborgneulisa uRmrToebisaQ maxDliTa sulisaQTamoWres da cecxliTa sarwmuneobisaQTa mowues; da erquniTa juarisaQTa moiornat-nes gulni SemwynarebelTa kacTani.
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da dasTeses maT Soris Tesli keTilad msaxurisa sarwmunoebisaQ da mxoloQsada WeSmaritisa RmrTisa msaxurebiTi TayuaniscemaQ; mravalTa da sicruviT mop-ovnebulTa RmerTTa wil RmrTiv-SuenierebiT aswaves; da sakerpoTa maT wiltaZarTa da bomonTa, simravleni eklesiaTa da sakurTxevelTani aRumarTnesRmerTsa, yovliT kerZo queyanisaQT.
da siZulili soflisaQ da mterobaQ HorcTaQ rwmunebiT aswaves maT, romel-Ta-igi RmrTad Seeracxa sofeli da HorcielTa gemoTa mZlavrebisada monad miec-nes Tavni; da gancofebuli igi sibrZne ellenebrisa siCqurisa vieTisaQme, simar-tiviTa RmrTiv-swavlulisa maTda sibrZnisaQTa, romlisaTDs igi pavles hbas-robdes aTinelni, yovlad sibrZniT mxilebulyves, da arca erTisa sityDsa, Rir-sad gamoaCinnes maTni igi zRaparT-mwerlobiTni Helovnebani.
da didisa klimintosis mier dasxnes kanonni saeklesioni, ricxDT oTxmeocdaxuTni.romelTagani erTi, pirvel-wodebuli andria, ZmaQ Tavisa mociqulTaQsa pe-
tresi, vidre Cuendamdeca moiwia da qadaga sacxorebeli qadagebaQ saxarebisaQyovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloQsasa; da uricxuni simravleni erTani ganaSornasacTurisagan mrCobl eSmakeulebisa; da erTisa RmrTisa da qristes misisa Tanaar-siT maTiT suliTurT rwmunebiT TayuaniscemaQ aswava; daRaTu umravlesman ermanqarTlisaman simravlesa Sina Jamisasa daiviwya qadagebaQ igi mociqulisaQ. dasacTurisave mimarT kerpTaQsa miaqcia.
amaTisa qadagebisa nayofad aRmoecennes yovliT kerZo yovlisa soflisaQTsimravleni Ruawlisa damdebelisa qristes sikudilsa mimsgavsebulTa wmidaTamowameTani; vinaQTgan samasni, mciredTa sxuaTa Tana, vidre mefed qadagebadmdedidisa kostantinessa Soris gardaHdes weliwadni, romeli-igi pirvelad qris-tiane iqmna mefeTa Soris da TDT mociqul da qadag sacxorebelisa qadagebisa, danaTelsa Tavisuflebisasa mimfenel qristeaneTa RmrTiv-Suenerisa moqalaqobisa.
amisTave ukue JamTa sruliad momxedna Cuenca aRmosavalman maRliT da dedaka-cisa visme mier tyueqmnulisa, romelsa-igi nunnad kappadukielad aqa sadme pov-nilnica qadageben wignni saeklesioTa moTxrobaTani; sarwmunoebisa mimarT TDsisamiizida yoveli savsebaQ yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisaQ, sakDrvelT-moqmedebiTaniSebSemosilTa saswaulTaQTa; raJams igi qarTvelTa mefeman mirian, mefeTa Sorisdidisa kostantinessa mivlinebiTa da misgan gamoTxoQTa mefobisa TDsisa, qalaqadmcxeTad STamoiyvana evstaTi didi _ saydris mpyrobeli antioqelTa eklesiisaQ.
da wmidaTa mier HelTa misTa naTel-iRo man da yovelman erman qarTlisaman,da TDT patriaqTa Soris saxelganTqmulman evstaTi HeliTa TDsiTa STadva safuZ-veli maSin sadme mcxeTas aRSenebulisa eklesisaQ, romelica friadisa Tana guls-modginebisa ganasrules raQ maT ganwmedaQ igi, da HelTdasxmul yo mas Sina maTTDsepiskoposi-kaTolikosi.
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aman saukunod Hsenebulman mefeman kostantine Sekriba pirveli da msoflioQwmidaQ krebaQ nikeas samas aTrvametTa wmidaTa mamaTaQ, romelTa dasxnes kanonniricxDT ocni; romlisa pirvelad qmnil iyvnes sxuanica adgilobiTni krebani :pirveli ankDrias, romelsa daesxnes kanonni ocdaoTxni; meore neokesarias, dam-sxmeli kanonTa aToTxmetTaQ.
xolo Semdgomad didisa mis da msoflioQsa krebisa sxuanica iqmnnes adgilo-biTni krebani, viTar-igi RangrisaQ, romlisa kanonni arian oc; da kualad anti-oqiisaQ, damsxmeli kanonTa ocdaxuTTa; amaTTana laodokiisaQ, frigDisaQ, dakanonni misni _ ocdaerTni.
amaTsa Semdgom meore wmidaQ da msoflioQ krebaQ _ kostantinopolis, aser-gasisTa wmidaTa mamaTaQ, romelTa kanonni arian ricxDT SDd.
merme mesame _ efesoQsa wmidaQ da msoflioQ krebaQ, mcirisa Tevdosis mefisamier Sekrebuli, romelman dasxna kanonni rvani.
meoTxe _ xalkidons, equsas ocdaaTTa wmidaTa mamaTa msoflioQ krebaQ,keTilad msaxurisa markiane mefisa mier Semokrebuli da ganmawesebeli kanonTaricxDT ocdarvaTaQ.
merme _ adgilobiTi krebaQ karTagenisaQ, da kanonni misni as ocdaaTvrametni.xolo mexuTeman wmidaman da msoflioman kostantinopolis Sekrebulman kre-
baman mcired izruna saeklesioTa kanonTa ganwesebisaTDs.aramed meequseman wmidaman da msoflioman krebaman, iustinianesze, keTilad
msaxurisa mefisa, gumbadsa Sina sameufoQsa palatisasa Sekrebulman, aRavso dakle-buli misi, rameTu dasxna kanonni ricxDT as da orni.
kualad nikiisa meoreman wmidaman krebaman dasxna kanonni aTrvametni.amissa Semdgomad arian sxuanica orni masve sameufosa qalaqsa eklesiasa Sina
wmidaTa da yovlad qebulTa mociqulTasa Sekrebulni krebani, romelTa ganuCeniankanonni, ricxDT aTSDdmetni.
xolo wmidasa da meSDdesa wmidaTa xatTaTDis Sekrebulsa msofliosa krebasaganuwesebian kanonni, ricxDT samni oden.
amaTa wmidaTa krebaTa mier ganCinebulTa kanonTa Tana arian sxuanica Ti-ToeulTa mamaTa mier ganwesebulni da Tana aRracxulni kanonni :
dDonDsios aleqsandriel mTavar-episkoposisa kanonni oTxni;petre aleqsandrielTa mRdelT-mTavrisa da mowamisa kanonni aTxuTmetni;grigoli episkoposisa neokesarielisa sakDrvelT-moqmedisa epistole kanoniani;didisa basilis kanonni oTxmeocdaxuTni;misive epistole kanoniani, diodores mimarT;misive epistole kanoniani, grigolis mimarT xucisa;misive epistole kanoniani, xorepiskoposTa mimarT;
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misive epistole kanoniani mis queSeTa episkoposTa mimarT;misive, amfiloqes mimarT sulisa wmidisaTDs miwerilTa maT TavTagan;grigoli noselisa kanonni rvani;timoTe aleqsandrielisa kanonni aTxuTmetni;filoTeos aleqsandrielisa kanonni, RmrTis gamocxadebisaTDs Tqumulisagan;misnive sxuani kanonni aTni;misive epistole, afigionis mimarT episkoposisa;misive epistole, agaTonis mimarT episkoposisa;misive epistole minaQs mimarT episkoposisa;kDrile aleqsandrielTa mTavar-episkoposisa kanonni SDdni, gennadi wmidisa
patriarqisa kostantinepolelisa da misTana wmidisa krebisa epistole, mitro-politTa mimarT garemoTa samTavroTaQsa.
ese arian Sekrebani wmidaTa da saeklesioTa kanonTani, dabeWdulni da dama-rxulni, TDnier yovlisa Sematebisa da moklebisa, da amaTi mecnierebaQ daSedgomaQ da mtkiced pyrobaQ uHms yovelTa winamZRuarTa qristeanobiTisa ma-dideblobisaTa : mRdelT-mTavarTa, da mRvdelTa, da diakonTa, da Cuen SorismoZRurad saxeldebulTa maTca monazonTa, da erTbamad yovelsa savsebasa mar-TlmadidebelTa eklesiisasa.
xolo Cuen es e am i sTDs mov i Hs en eniT, raTa p irveliTga n piri sityDs aCuenisa Q gan vh martoT.
vinaQTgan dahbada RmerTman dasabamsa xatebad da msgavsebad TDssa kaci, vi-Tarca pirvel vityodeT, raTa mis mier, viTarca sazogadoQsa sakrvelisa mier,xilulTa da uxilavTaQsa, Tavsa TDssa SeaerTnes yovelni sacnaurni da grZnobadnidabadebulni saTnoebiT raQ, sakuTar eqmnas igi Semoqmedsa TDssa.
xolo igi egeviTarisa mis madlTa simdidrisgan ganSiSulda cTomisa mis mierda gandgomilTa da risxveulTa monaTa monebaQ moatyua Tavsa, aramed ara saxier-manca dambadebelman misman, rameTu viTarmca Tavs-idva ugulebelsyofaQ esodenisaHelTa misTa saqmisaQ, romel ars kaci.
aramed uHrwnelsa Sina saSosa yovlad wmidisa RmrTis mSobelisa da maradisqalwulisasa arRara pirvelisaebr iWDsa madliT, aramed guamovnebiT SeaerTa igiTavsa TDssa da zesTa bunebisa ganaRmrTo mis mier miRebuli igi da misTanaerTguamqmnili kaci.
da romeli-igi iyo pirmSoQ yovlisa agebulisaQ, Tavs idva pirmSo mravalTaZmaTa Soris yofaQ, raQTa saxelisa misisa mimarT wodebulni da madliT Zmad missaaRsaarebulni, romeli-igi yrmaTaca eziara HorciTa da sisxliTa da guamaderTisa mis yovelTa Tavisa gamoCinebulni, mun aRmiyvannes kualad ganHorcielebi-Ta TDsiTa, sada igi TDT ars Tavi sasoebisa CuenisaQ; da Tana-moqalaqe myvneswmidaTa da saxleul RmrTisa, da samkDdrebelad missa gamomaCinnes suliTa, raJams
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Tavisa mimarT Semokrbes TiToeulebaQ asoTa ganyofilebisaQ da Tbisa mimarTgardainivTos viTarebaQ yovlisa aRsuarulisaQ.
vinaQca amisTDs moguecnes pirvelad bunebiTi da merme dawerili sjuli; amisTDsiqmna gankacebaQ RmrTisaQ; amisTDs qalwulisagan SobaQ, bagaQ, wargragnaQ, an-gelozni madidebelni, varskulavisa srbaQ, moguTa ZRunis-momrTumelobaQ, wina-dacueTaQ, naTlis-RebaQ, zeciT wamebaQ, gancdaQ, qolvaQ CuenTDs da vnebani uvne-belisani, gancemaQ, SemsWvalvaQ, daflvaQ, aRdgomaQ, aRslvaQ zecad; amisTDs _qadagebani mociqulTani, sisxlni mowameTani, swavlani moZRuarTani, oflni RirsTamamaTani, guls-modginebani keTilad msaxurTa da morwmuneTa mefeTani, wadiere-bani RmrTis-moyuareTa mTavarTani, kadnierebani RmrTis-saxisa mRdelT-mTavrobisarwmunebulTani, winambrZolisa TDsisa Tana simHniT Tana-mbrZolebani mRdelTa dasamRdeloTani, codvisa mimarT simHniT winaganwyobani, nivTagan ganSiSulebulisamonazonTa dasisani da maTTana erTHmobani qristes moyuarisa erisani.
amisTDs iqmnnes qristes-moyuareTa da RmrTiv-dacvulTa mefeTa mier Jamad-Jamadnikrebani, RmrTis-moyuareTa episkoposTa da RmrTisa saTno-yofilTa mamaTani,raQTa saqmeTa mier gansrulebuliTa sarwmunoebiTa SeaerTnes RmerTsa qristeaneni.
romelTasa keTilad ebaZva Sursa Cuenica ese gDrgDnosani, mrCobl-marjuene daSeyuarebuli, gDrgDni TavisaQ da sasurveli <Ze daviT; romeli-ese erTbamad mHnecaars da brZen, marTal da wmida, igive myudroca da mSDd, saxier da tkbil, mowyaleda ZDruHsenebel da misgavsebul saxierebasa RmrTisasa, romeli aRmoubrwyinvebsmzesa keTilTa da borotTa, da zrdis yovelTa wDmiTa sworebiT.
ese vinaQTgan gareSeTa brZolaTa Sina winadaudgromelobiT ubrZolel da gareSisasaxisa qmnulebiTa sxuaTa kacTagan Sesworebad SeuZlebel iyo, rameTu keTil didars viTarca gmiri, Suenier ars viTarca siZe, brwyinvale ars viTarca ciskari,nayofier ars keTilTa mier viTarca aRmosavali, yuavilovan warmatebaTa mierviTarca samoTxe RmrTisaQ, ara Tavs-idva, raQTa ara umetes moRuawe iqmnesganbrwyinvebad SinaganTaca sikeTeTa sulisaTa; vinaQTgan igini warmdinar, xoloeseni dausrulebelobasa Tana RmrTisasa-Tana dausrulebel arian.
amisTDs Semokriba krebaQ RmrTis-moyuareTa episkoposTa, patiosanTa mRdel-Ta da RirsTa diakonTaQ, qristes-moyuareTa monazonTa, dayudebulTa da meudab-noeTaQ, sanaxebTa qarTlisaTa, maxlobelad orTa saepiskoposoTa ruisa da urb-nisisa; garna ara Tu ubiwoebasa qarTvelTa sarwmunoebisasa biwi raQme Sehxeboda,nu iyofin ese, ara gecruvneT Sen, siwmidiT mSobelo Cueno kaTolike eklesiao,arca gangceT Sen, siqadulo Cueno marTlmadideblobao, romlisa arca ganmcemelqmnil varT, vinaQTgan Semecnebasa Sensa Rirs qmnul varT, mowame ars WeSmaritebaQ;aramed sxuaTa saeklesioTa da samRdeloTa, da saqristianoTa ZiebaTaTDs, romel-Ta Tav, da winamZRuar, da pirwmidisa mis krebisa iyo, RmrTisa mimarTisa sakuTrebisa-Tana simSDdiTaca sulisaTa mimsgavsebuli mosesi, da msgavsad didisa samoelisa
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winamlocveli erisaQ da mcxebeli madliT srulyofadTaQ iovane _ yovlad RirsimTavarepiskoposi, kaTolikosi da yovlisa saqarTveloQsa didi mamaT-mTavari,da mis Tana simravle pirvel HsenebulTa maT savsebisaQ.
[kanonTa teqsti] [1]. da pirvelad episkoposni vinme ver-RirsebiT Semos-rulni pativsa mRdelT-mTavrobisasa da uRirsni qristes, pirvelisa mis mwyemsT-mTavrisani, ganvkueTeniT da ucxo-vyveniT mRdelobisagan, vinaQTgan arawmidisaSexebaQ siwmideTaQ ara-ucTomeloba ars da maxlobeli RmrTisaQ, maxlobel cecx-lisa ars, da uHms, raQTa yovliTurT oqro iyos;
xolo ara krul vyveniT da arca SevaCueneniT, nu iyofin, aramed litonTaeriskacTa-Tana ziarebad flobil vyveniT, ukueTu oden amieriTgan mmarxveliyvnen siwmidisa.
da nacvlad maTda sxuani davadgineniT, romlisa hasakisaganca da saqmeTaganaqunda wamebaQ da keTilad ganewuarTnes Horcni damorCileblad sulisa.
[2]. amas-Tana sul-moklebaQca HelT-dasxmaTaQ, viTarca uwesoQ da ukanonoQ,davhHseniT.
da ganvaweseT, raQTa amieriTgan arRara-vin ikadros qmnad, TDnier viTar-igiganawesebs kanoni : rameTu episkoposi ocdaaTxuTmetisa wlisaQ, mRdeli ocdaaTisawlisaQ, diakoni ocdaxuTisa wlisaQ da wignis mkiTxveli rvisa wlisaQ HelT-dasxmul iqmnebodin.
[3] amas Tana sxuaQca uwesoQ wesi HelT-dasxmaTaQ daHsnad ganvaCineT : viTarmcamasve da erTsa dResa Helni daesxnes visme wignis-mkiTxvelad, kerZo-diakonad,diakonad da mRdelad, anu Tu episkoposadca. romeli-ese ukueTu iqmnas-Ra sadaamieriTgan, HelT-damsxmeli da HelT-dasxmuli erTbamad ganikueTnen mRdelobis-agan, rameTu pirvelad wignis-mkiTxvelad da kerZo-diakonad oden jer-ars HelT-dasxmaQ, da orisave amisa erTsa dResa SesaZlebel ars qmnaQ da merme diakonad; daviTarca dayvnes dReni diakonobasa Sina da hmsaxuros mRdelTa ara mciredTadReTa, mermeRa moiyvanon mRdelobad.
xolo ukueTu episkoposobad momaval iyos, Semdgomad SDdTa dReTa Jamis-wirvisa moiyvanon HelT-dasxmad episkoposobisa. da amas vityDT maTTDs, romelTasaWiroQ raQme mizezi aswrafebdes, xolo romelTa arca erTi-raQ aqundes saTana-doQ mizezi maswrafobelad, maT weliwadi da weliwadni dayvnen TDToeulsa xarisxsaSina da ufroQs-Ra diakonobisasa, vinaQTgan TDnier diakonTa simravlisa, veraQmiiRebs Suenierebasa saeklesioTa wesTagani. amisTDs vamcnebT yovelTa episkopos-Ta, raQTa ufroQs-Ra diakonTa ganmravlebisaTDs moRuawe iyvnen eklesiaTa Sina maTTa.
xolo monazonTa, romelni mRdelobad da episkoposobad momaval iyvnen,pirvelad sruliad monazunad didiTa sqemiTa ubrZanebT gansrulebasa, da egreTRamRdelobad moslvasa.
169saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
[4]. xolo wesi HelT-dasxmadTa srulebisaQ egreT aResruleboded, viTarcaaxalTa Sina kurTxevaTa netarebiT moHsenebulisa mamisa giorgi mTawmidelisaTadaweril ars. egreTve _ kurTxevaQ eklesiisaQ, da damyarebaQ sakurTxevelisaQ, dawmida-yofaQ RmerT-myofelisa mihronisaQ, egreT srul iqmneboded, viTarca mun-Sina moHsenebul ars.
[5]. xolo qrTamisaTDs da safasisa, romelsa miiReben HelT-damsxmelni, Hel-TdasxmadTagan, zemoQTganisa wmidaTa mociqulTa da mamaTa mocemisaebr, ganCine-bad vikadrebT Cuenca, raTa moispos egeviTari-igi eklesiisagan da aRiHocosmRdelobisagan, makurTxevelisa TDsisa Tana, romlisa qmnaQ amieriTgan nuRaram-ca-vis ukadrebies, raQTa ara-igica SevsZinoT, viTarmed SeiCuenos viTarca sDmonmogD petre mociqulisagan da numca miiReben raTurTiT nu-ra-ras, nu odes : nucapirvel HelT-dasxmisa, nuca TDT mas HelT-dasxmasa Sina, nuca Semdgomad HelT-dasxmisa, nuca qrTamsa, nuca ZRuensa, nuca evlogiasa, nuca kaTolikosi episko-posTagan, gina xuces-diakonTa da xorebiskoposTa, nuca episkoposni diakonTaganda mRdelTa da xorepiskoposTa, nucaraT sxuaTa samRdeloQsa dasisaganTa anuromelTave saeklesioTa mneTagan.
[6]. mermeca samRdeloTa WurWelTa da RmrTisada SewirulTa siwmideTaTDs,romel arian: barZim-feSxuem, samwerobelni da yovelive eklesiaTada Sewiruli daerTgzis RmrTisada micemuli, oqroQ, vecxli, Tuali, margaliti, WiqaQ, stavraQ,naqsovi, sini, rvali, rkinaQ, Zeli, keci, qvaQ, amas ganvawesebT SedgomiTa wmidaTakanonTaQTa, raQTa ara-vis Helewifos Hmarebad missa ara-rad, arca tyueTasaH-srad, daRaTu cudadca da uHmrad mdebare iyvnen da ferHiTa dasaTrgunvelad isxneneklesiasa Sina da saWurWlesa missa.
xolo ukeTu vinme ikadros amaTganisa racsaca garegniT mis eklesiisa, daTDnier missa viTar-igi ganwesebul iyos, da viTar saxedca samsaxurad eklesiisa,anu sakurTxevelisa Seqmnil iyos, sxuad radca Hmarebad, moeloded aqa ukuebabilovnelTa mefisa baltasaris da ananiaQs da sapfiraQs sasjelsa; xolo mun-cecxlsa saukunesa, ganmzadebulsa eSmakTaTDs da angelosTa misTaTDs.
[7]. amasTana eseca moviHseneT, viTarmed TDnier eklesiisa da sakurTxevelisaarca naTlis-cema SesaZlebel ars, arca gDrgDnTa kurTxevaQ, arca monazunisaepistoliTa gina sqemiTa kurTxevaQ, da arca monazonsa xucessa gDrgDnTa kurTxevadHel-ewifebis, arca erisgansa mRdelsa monazonisa kurTxevad.
[8] xolo Semdgomad gDrgDnTa kurTxevisa pirvelTa da meoreTa col-qmarTawmidaTa saidumloTa ziarebaQ uHms mas dResa, romelsa ikurTxnen ueWuelad, ara TugardareuliTa raQTme bilwebiTa SebRalul iyvnen, daRaTu uziareblobiTaca gan-kanonebul iyvnen. da merme aRsruleba kanonisa uziareblobisa maTisasa.
[9] xolo meoreTa gDrgDnTa makurTxeveli xucesi samxrobad nu mivals maTTana, nucamca meoreTa col-qmarTa pirvelni gDrgDnni ekurTxevian.
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xolo sxuebr da ara esreT moqmedi amaTi xucesi ukue gankueTisa, xolo erisk-aci uziareblobisa Tanamdeb iyos.
[10] kualad amasca ganvasazRvrebT, raQTa amieriTgan arRara ekurTxeodingDrgDnni CCDlTa qal-ymaTa, aramed ukueTu saWirod radme iyos, mSobelTa maTTadiad dauwindnen igini urTierTas, da raJams hasakad moviden ornive, maSin iqorwinnen.
da qali aTorm etis a wli sasa umcroQsi numca Seyofil ars qorwine biTmeuRlisada. xolo amis ganCinebisa damHsneli, Tanamdeb iyavn zemoHsenebulisamis ganCinebisa.
[11] kaTolikosisa da episkoposTagan xorebiskoposi sjulisa da saRmrToTawignTa mecnieri gamoirCeoded mRdeli anu diakoni da SiSiTa RmrTisaQTa emcne-boded mas ubiwod dacvaQ yovelTave saqristeanoTa wesTaQ raQTa ara raQ maTganigansces qrTamisaTDs, arca raQ ganyidos vecxlad, viTarca iuda ufali; raQTa araSiSTvilica misi daimkDdros.
[12] Semdgomad amaTsa amisica saTanadod vhgoneT moHsenebaQ, vinaQTgan moZRu-rad wodebulTa maT monazonTaQ friadi da aRuricxuveli ars simravle, da erTsamonastersa Sina xuTni da aTni, mravalgzis ocnica da ocdaaTni ipoebian, didi Tuiyos monasteri da mravlisa SfoTisa da ganxeTqilebisa mizezsa SemoiRebs simrav-le maTi, amisaTDs ganvaCinebT, raQTa amieriTgan dascxres eseviTari ese uwesobaQ.
da pirvelad amas ganvasaRzRvrebT, raQTa umRdelosa ara Hel-ewifebodisganmkiTxvelobad sulTa, ara Tu episkoposi iyos, anu mRdeli, anu diakoni, rameTupirvelad Sekrvisa da ganHsnisa Helmwifebasa uHms qonebad, da egreT-Ra gankiTxvisasulTaQsa Hel-yofad; amas Tana, raQTa didTa monasterTa Sina or-ori, xolomcireTa Sina TiToQ xolo kma iyos moZRuari.
da ukueTu vinme amas ganCinebasa gardahxdes, ueWuelad esmes mas, viTarmed xoloHdomisaganTa maT da urCTa WeSmaritebisaTa da morCilTa sicruQsaTa risxvaQ daguliswyromaQ, Wiri da iwroebaQ da Semdgomi.
[13] wesi igi, romelsa krebulTa dasxmad uwesen, nuRaramca kadrebul ars qmnadamieriTgan, nuca monasterTa Sina SeqmnaQ savaWroTa eris krebaTaQ, nucamca-raQsxuaQ samoqalaqoQ da soflioQ wesi qmnil ars monasterTa Sina odesca, raQTa arasalocvelTa maT adgilTa quab-avazakTa SeqmniTa, sulTaca TquenTa safardulebisaRmrToQsa sityDsa mier daiqces, viTarca mekermeTa maT tablebi, da wmidaTamamaTa da krebaTa mier gankanonebisa Tanamdeb iqmnneT.
[14] xolo erTsa sakurTxevelsa da masve da erTsa winadagebasa zeda wmidisaSesawiravisasa mravalTa sulTaTDs mravalTa mRdelTa mier qmnaQ wmidisa Jamis-wirvisaQ uweso ars da gangdebul, romeli-ese nuRaramca sada qmnil ars.
ufroQsRa Tavad sakurTxevelsa zeda didisa eklesiisasa, saepiskoposoQsa ginamonastrisasa, erTisa aravisTDs wes-ars Jamis wirvad araodes, arca cocxlisa,
171saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
arca micvalebulisaTDs, TDnier aRapTa da sulisa saHsenebelad ganCinebulTadReTaQsa, aramed mis eklesiisa maSenebelTa da SemomwirvelTa.
da erTbamad yovelTa sulTa qristeaneTa cocxalTa da micvalebulTaTDsjer-ars Jamis-wirvaQ, xolo erTisa kacisaTDs, anu erTisa sulisaTDs eguterTasadme Sina, anu StoTa eklesiisaTa jer-ars TiToeulisa xucisagan Jamis-wirvaQ.
[15] romelnica RmrTis mavnebelobiTisa mis wvalebisagan xaCecarTaQsa, romelarian somexni, marTalsa da uzakuvelsa sarwmunoebasa mouHdebodin, da wmidasakaTolike eklesiasa SeerTebodin, da biwsa mas wvalebasa erT-bunebianTa, da erTisanebisa da erTisa moqmedebisa RmrTeebisagan da kacebisa Sezavebulisa, da arcasaRmrToQsa, arca kacobrivisa, aramed Sereulisa raQsme da ucxoQsa, qristes,WeSmaritisa RmrTisa Cuenisa, zeda siCquriT metyuelTasa SeaCuenebden.
esreT ganvawesebT maTTDs, raTa sruliad naTel-scemden, viTarca warmarTsa,vinaQTgan sxuaTaca didTa eklesiaTa vhpoebT moqmedad amissa, viTar igi arssapatriaqo saydari antioqiisaQ, da yovelni mimdgomni misni eklesiani yov-lisa aRmosavalisani.
[16] kualad ganvawesebT, raQTa arca marTlmadidebeli mamakaci mwvalebelsagina warmarTsa dedakacsa, anu dedakaci mamakacsa SeeuRlnen. vinaQTgan yovelimarTlmadidebeli taZari ars RmrTisaQ, damkDdrebulisa mis mier sulisa misisaCuen Soris; xolo yoveli borotad madidebeli, anu yovlad ara-madidebelitaZari ars eSmakisaQ; xolo viTarmed arca erTi ziarebaQ ars taZrisa RmrTisaQkerpTa Tana, viTar-igi bnelisaQ naTlisa Tana _ mowame ars saRmrToQ mociquli.
xolo romelman amieriTgan ikadros-Ra qmnaQ amaTi, ganikanonos igi pirvelTqumuliTa miT kanoniTa.
[17] vinaQTgan eseca uwesoebaQ mravalTa mier aRsrulebulad guesma, ufroQsRadidTa vieTme da warCinebulTa da ara litonad kacTagan qmnilad, romel arskides-kide da erTgan kurTxevaQ gDrgDnTaQ qorwinebiT erT-Horc qmnadTa meuRle-TaQ, viTar-igi hyofen usjuloebiT dedakacisasa ukue sxDsa visme ucxoQsa mamaka-cisa Tana kurTxevasa; xolo mamakacisasa mamakacisave sxDsa Tana, romlisasaraQmca iyo sxuaQ uuwesoesi da usacinelesi; anu ara yovliTurT msgavs arsa,markionis mwvalebelTa mier mkudrisa-wil naTliscemasa cocxalisasa! rameTu eseerTgan kurTxeulni mamakaci da dedakaci nuukue Seiracxnen naxevar-memruSed col-qmrad, vinaQTgan sxDsaQ iHsenebis saxeli, da sxuaQ warmodgomil ars mun; xoloorTa maT erTagan kurTxeulTa mamakacTaTDs raQ vin moigonos saxeli, garna Tuvinme vrceliTa siciliTa ganbasros eseviTari ese sjulisa, da keTilisa wesiere-bisa Cuenisa, da kacobrivisa qcevisa, da Cueulebisa garegani usjuloebaQ.
romlisaTDs amas ganvasazRvrebT : romelnica moaqamde esreT kurTxeulni yofilarian da gardasrul arian, igini Sendobil arian umecrebisaTDis; xolo ukueTu awsadme ipovnen vinme egeviTarni, igini sjulierad col-qmrad numca Seracxil arian.
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amieriTgan kula nuRaramca visganmca kadrebul ars qmnaQ amisi. da ukueTuiqmnas sada, oTxni igi kurTxeulni da orni makurTxevelni maTni xucesni, _equesnive ganikanonnen.
[18] mermeca RmrTis-moZagebulisa mis da RmrTis-ganmamwarebelisa, codvaTa-ubilwesisa saZagelebisa sodomelTaQsa, romlisaQ ara uwyiT, Tu viTar SeeTDsaigi ubadruksa amas naTesavsa da sruliad ganaSorna da ucxo-yvna RmrTisagan,vieTTanaca poa Tavisa misadrekeli.
amas ganvasazRvrebT sityDTa RmrTisaQTa da samociquloQTa HmiTa da mamobriv-iTa ganCinebiTa: daRaTu mravalgzis qmnil arian mravalTa naTesavTa mier mravalnida ricxDsa mZleni codvani, viTar igi : mterobani, Surni, siZulilni, kacisklvani,mruSebani, cru-ficebani da ukuanaQskneli da Tavi yovelTa borotTaQ _ kerpT-msaxurebaQ, da Tayuaniscemisa SecvalebaQ dambadebelisagan dabadebulTa mimarT.garna, arca-erTisa maTganisaTDs aRZrul ars aRuZrveli igi, viTarca TDT ityodaabrahamis mimarT, viTarmed RaRadebaQ sodomisa da gomorisaQ moiwia Cemda dagardamovHed xilvad, ukueTu RaRadebisaebr maTisa arian saqmeni maTni; romlisaSemdgomad ixileT Tu raQ iqmnebis, da Tu viTar nivTni ese samsaxurod kacTaTDsdabadebulni RmrTisagan, winaukumo bunebisa TDsisa, Sescvaleben bunebiTsa ZalsaTDssa, da ucxoQsa codvisa aRsaHocelad ucxosa moipoeben moqmedebasa.
rameTu maradis aRmarT moZravi da subuqi bunebaQ eTerisa cecxlisaQ, viTarcazrqeli raQme da mZime, daRmarT hyofs damodinebasa da, saxed mZafrisa wDmisa,saSinelebiT mCqefroQs aRreuli wunwubasa Tana, mrisxaned gansalevnelad ukeTur-Ta maT sibilweTa mravliTa kacTa.
xolo wulili da Txeli uferuli bunebaQ haerisaQ, mizezi cxovelTa aRmofSDn-visaQ da sicocxlisaQ, sizrqed almurisa HSirisa, da ferad HeliT saZiebelisa bnel-isad, da SemaSTobelad kuamlad, saswaulad risxvisad, Sescvalebs Tavsa TDssa maT zeda.
amaT Tana queyanaQ, myari da mtkice damtDrTveli simZimesa mas zeda mdebareTaguamTasa, verRara itDrTavs simedgresa bilwebaTa maTTasa, aramed pirvelad SesZravssafuZvelTa TDsTa da siRrmiT iatakTa TDsTaQT aRmomduRare, haerad aRmoixuamssiRrmeTa safuZvelisa maTisa simtkiceTasa; da miwad gardamoixuams simaRleTagodol-taZrebisa maTisa simagreTasa.
merme ganaRebs vidre mun-Jamadmde ganuRebelsa pirsa da Tanad-qalaqebiTurTda saxlebiT STanTqams arRara kacebsa, aramed damwurebsa rasme Zualebsa, da odesmeyofilTa kacTa sawyalobelsa neStebsa.
xolo wyali igica ucxod ixilvebis Secvalebulad maTTDs da arRara saSue-belad da saHmrad, aramed, sxuaTa nivTTagan daSTomilisa neStisa maTisa aRsaHo-celad pirsa zeda maTeulisa queyanisa, ufroQsRa saflav maTda qmnilisa jojox-eTisa, ixilvebis modinebulad, egoden Secvalebuli sxuaTa wyalTagan bunebiTa,raoden igini sxuaTa kacTa hmatdes bilwebisa gardareulebiTa.
173saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
aman usjuloebaman asurastanelTa igi umravlesTa nawilTa queyanisaTa damp-yrobeli mefobaQ tyued waruqcia sparsTa da midTa da sruliad aRmohfxura quey-aniT saHsenebeli, ara xolo mefe da mZlavri, aramed kac-yofisaca maTisaQ.
aman codvaman didi igi da yovliT-kerZo yovlisa queyanisaQT Hma-gansmenilinaTesavi somexTaQ, mefobiTurT da mTavrobiT maTiT, ara oden daamdabla dadaamHua, aramed sruliad aRiRo kacTagan saxeli maTi, romelTaQ vervin poosdRes erTica mefe anu mTavari, mqonebeli daumonebelisa TavisuflebisaQ, daRaTuyovelnica vin piri miwisaQ moixilos.
aman bilwebaman sparsTa igi maRali, da maradis hromTa mefobisa mHdoma-flobaQ, mHecis bunebaTa vieTme kacTa avazakuriTa zeda-moslviTa, miwadmde dam-dablebulyo, da vidre moaqamde mZlavrebisa maTisa morCil yo.
ese ara uywiT, Tu vinaQ ukeTurebiT Semoexrwna moqalaqobasa qristes mosax-elisaca erisasa, rameTu raQ ziarebaQ iyo beliarisi qristes-Tana da, Helsa ucxoTeslTasa micemiT dasasrul maxDlisa maTisa qmniTa, neStni odenRa damitevnaisraHlisani, romelni ukueTu vegneT-Ra masve ukeTurebasa zeda, oQ Cemda, davidu-mo Znel-sityuaQ, romeli yovelTada cxad ars, daRacaTu Cuen vhridoT.
amisTDs vamcnebT yovelsa didsa da mciresa, mdidarsa da glaxaksa, mefesa damTavarsa, aznaursa da mdabiorsa, mRdelTa da umRdeloTa, moweseTa da eriskacTa,berTa da WabukTa, da Sua-kacTa yovelsa pativsa da yovelsa wessa da yovelsahasaksa ganyenebad amis vnebisa ufroQs-Ra saZagelisa bilwebisa.
da esreT daumticebT, saxeliTa uflisa Cuenisa iesu qristesiTa : yovelmansulman qristeaneman marTlmadidebelman, amaT sityuaTa msmenelman, romelmanSemdgomad amis Zeglisa warkiTxvisa, ara ijmnas bilwisa mis sodomurisa codvis-agan da, ara xolo saqmiT qmnisa misisa, aramed reca laRobiT ferebisa da sityDTTqumisa, raTaca samisoTa da misTa damsaxvelTa sityuaTa da saqmeTagan, ueWueladmoiwios mis zeda amas ukue sawuTosa saSineli raQme da cocxliv jojoxeTadSTamHdeli risxvaQ, msgavsad wunwubasa-Tana aRreulisaQ mis sodomelTa cecx-lis aQ.
xolo mun-igi mimTualvel eqmnes mas, romeli vals winaSe pirsa uflisasa daSeswuvavs garemoQs missa mterTa misTa, vinaQTgan siyuaruli HorcTaQ mterobaQars RmrTisaQ. da romelman ganxrwnas taZari RmrTisaQ, ganxrwnes igica RmerTman,da amas Tana da Cuengan, uRirsTa monaTa saRmrToQsa monebisa Rirs-qmnulTaQsa,Ki Cuenda, arRara kurTxevaQ, aramed kdemaQ da mxilebaQ daimkDdros saukunoQ.
[19] xolo vinaQTgan mizezad urTierTas pativiT Tayuanis-cemisa Cuen Sorismyofi xatebaQ RmrTisaQ aRsaarebul da qadagebul ars didTa moZRuarTa da mamaTaCuenTagan, cxad ars, viTarmed Tayuanis mcemeli xatisa RmrTisaQ RmerTsa Tayva-nis-scems mis mier, maginebelica sadme xatisa RmrTisaQ RmerTsa aginebs ueWuelad,viTarca wmidaTa Soris didi basili esreT daswers amas.
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amisTDs ganvasazRvrebT, raQTa eseca RmrTis-Semawuxebeli da RmrTisa Seu-racxismyofeli codvaQ sruliad moispos yovlisagan enisa da naTesavisa Cuenisa.
da romelman amieriTgan Seaginos-Ra suli, gonebaQ da piri TDsi usaxuriTaginebiTa, zemowerilisa amis Tanamdeb iyos igica gankanonebisa.
mefesa daviTs monazoni arseni
amaTda momarT rasa ityD, romelsa hsibrZnis hmoyuareb Sen ufroQsad brwyin-valeo Tualo yovlisa soflisa mefeTa erTguamobisao!
romeli ege haerovan xar, viTarca samyaroQ xilulisa soflisa Soris;saCino, viTarca mze varskulavTa Soris;brwyinvale, viTarca eTeri nivTTa Soris;naTlis-fer, viTarca elvaQ RrubelTa Soris;ciskrovan, viTarca aRmosavali kerZoTa Soris;tkbil, viTarca are JamTa Soris;RmrTis saxe, viTarca siyuaruli saTnoebaTa Soris;gulis saTqumel, viTarca oqroQ miwaTa Soris;elvare, viTarca DakinTi qvaTa Soris;maRal, viTarca finiki nergTa Soris;Suenier, viTarca vardi yuavilTa Soris;aRmatebul, viTarca samoTxe queyanisa Soris;Zlier, viTarca lomi mHecTa Soris;mtkice, viTarca andamati ganukueTelTa Soris;saxelganTqmul, viTarca nebroT gmirTa Soris;axovan, viTarca iso wina mbrZolTa Soris;moSurne viTarca finez mRdelTa Soris;mHne, viTarca samfson msajulTa Soris;ubrZolel, viTarca aqillev ellenTa Soris;brZen, viTarca solomon mefeTa Soris;mSDd, viTarca daviT cxebulTa Soris;Suris-meZiebel, viTarca iosia SaravandedTa Soris;uzaro, viTarca makedoneli mflobelTa Soris;ganmadidebel flobisa, viTarca avRDstos keisarTa Soris;kacTmoyuare, viTarca Cemi iesu RmerTTa Soris;bunebiT RmerTi, madliT RmerT-qmnulTa Soris;mHurvale, viTarca petre mowafeTa Soris;
175saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
sayuarel, viTarca iovane megobarTa Soris;mkDrcxl, viTarca pavle mociqulTa Soris;saxis-dasabam ucTomelisa qristeanobisa, viTarca didi kostantine TDTmpy-
robelTa Soris;simtkice keTilad msaxurebisa, viTarca Tevdosi skiptris mpyrobelTa Soris;saTno uCanan eseni myudroebasa Sensa; gansuenebul arsa amaT zeda siborotisa
sulTaQ mdevneli daviTiani suli Seni, romelni ese aw ZRunad mogarTuna Senmwyobrman SenTa amaT nazirevelTa simravlisaman, raQTa Sen miarTune eseni RmerT-sa da mowyale hyo amaT mier wyalobis moyuare ufali, romel moswrafebiTSemokrebaQ ubrZane Sen, da didisa amis da RmrTisa saTnoQsa warmarTebisa TanaSuamdgomelad RmrTisa mimarT moigen, viTarca sakuTarni monani, raQTa romelimeRmrTisa saxisa mRdelT-mTavrobisa mier maxlobel eqmnebodis SenTDs RmerTsa;xolo romelime mRdelT-SuenieriTa meoxebiTa SeesakuTrebodis dambadebelsa;sxuasa sulTqumani moaqunden, sxuasa gandnobaQ cremliTa, sxuasa Rame-yovelo-biTni mRDZarebani, sxuasa Hmel-sareclobaQ, sxuasa raQTurTiT araras qonebaQkeisrisasa yovelsave RmrTisasa, mxolod HorcTa oden da maTca marxviTa gan-leulTaQ; sxuasa sityuaQ, daRaTu mdabali da undoQ, garna arave uermoQ, arcaumusikeloQ momzidvel yofad smenisa, amis Tana Semsgavsebulica ZalisaQ, yovelTalitaniobaQ, yovelTa vedrebaQ, yovelTa erTHmobaQ; viTarmed daviT keTiladmsaxurisa da RmrTivdacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa mravalmca arian weliwadni.
[mosaHsenebelni] keTilad msaxurisa da RmrTiv-dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa giorgimefeTa mefisa da yovlisa aRmosavalisa da dasavalisa kesarosisa, mravalmcaarian welni.
keTilad msaxurisa da RmrTis-moyuarisa dedoflisa Cuenisa marTa avRDsti-naisni, mravalmca arian welni.
daviT RmrTis-msaxurisa da RmrTiv-dacvulisa mefisa Cuenisa afxazTa daqarTvelTa, ranTa da kaxTa TDTmpyrobelisa, mravalmca arian welni.
wmidisa dedoflisa da RmrTiv-sulierisa dedisa Cuenisa, mariam monazonisa,saukunomca ars HsenebaQ.
iovane wmidisa mTavarepiskoposisa, Cuenisa kaTolikosisa da yovlisa saqarTvel-oQsa yovlad Rirsisa mamaTmTavrisa, mravalmca arian welni.
wmidisa berisa da sulierisa mamis Cuenisa evstrati monazonisa, mravalmca...Rirsisa meufisa Cuenisa da Tualad wmidisa amis krebisa cnobilisa giorgi
monazonisa da mwignobarTa uxucesisa, mravalmca...yovlad RirsTa krebisa amis yovelTa mamaTa mRdelTmTavarTa, mRdelTa da
monazonTa, mravalmcaa...
176 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
492 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III , 1970, gv. 106-127. teqsti Sejerebulia didisjuliskanonis (1975) Zeglisweris teqstTan - gv. 543-559.
sjulierisa moRuawisa arseni monazonisa kaliposelisa, mravalmca...yov elni mca marTlm adideb elni kurTxeul ari an , yo velni mw valebelni
SeCue nebul arian.
keTilad msaxurTa da marTlmadidbelTa pirvel aRsrulebulTa sanatrelTamefeTa CuenTa, saukunomca ars HsenebaQ da kurTxevaQ maTi.
sanetrelTa da wmidaTa kaTolikosTa da netarTa mRdelTmTavarTa da mRdel-Ta, saukunomca...
saukunoQsa netarebisa RirsTa da didTa mnaTobTa CuenTa efTDmi da giorgimTawmidelTaQ, saukonomca...
RirsTa mamaTa CuenTa daviT tbelisa da stefane sananoQs ZisaQ, saukunomca...dausrulebelisa netarebisa mkDdrTa, berTa CuenTa, saba sulaQs Zisa da antoni
tbelisa da efrem mciraQsaQ [da arseni monazonisa iyalTelisaQ] saukunoQ...RirsebiT moxsenebulTa mamaTa, efTDmi grZelisa, iovane rexues ZisaQ Svili-
TurT, miqel WuaisaQ da giorgi berisaQ saukunomca...kualadca vityDT::yovelnimca mwvalebelni SeCuenebul arian.yovelnimca marTlmadidebelni kurTxeul arian.yovelTa marTlmadidebelTa welnimca mraval arian.yovelTa marTlmadidebelTa saukunomca ars HsenebaQ.yovelni mwvalebelni saukunodmca SeCuenebul arian.yovelTa mwvalebelTa, saukunomca ars wyevaQ da dausrulebeli SeCuenebaQ. 49 2
177saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
1335 w. mefe giorgi brwyinvalem moi-
wvia sakanonmdeblo kreba, romelSic
mefis Semdeg upirvelesi piri, rogorc
TviTon mefe brZanebs – iyo ̀ wmida meufe
da qarTlis kaTalikozi evfTvime~. episko-
posebTan erTad sakanonmdeblo saqmianoba-
Si monawileobdnen vezirebi, mouravebi,
Temisa da Temis erisTavebi, xevisTavebi,
xevisberebi da `herovanni~. mefis, umaR-
lesi ierarqebisa da mTavrobis umaRle-
si pirebis monawileobiT es kreba miagavs
saxelmwifo darbazobas, romelmac ganix-
ila Seqmnili viTareba da gamosca Sesa-
bamisi kanonebi, rogorc TviTon krebis
oqmi brZanebs. am kanonebSi gadmocemuli
iyo `sasjulo saqme da saeklesio, ri-
sic ginda sasaqmosa – kacis mkvlelTa,
eklesiis mkrexvelTa, colis damgdebelTa
ubralosaTa, anu wamgvrelTa~.493
krebis mier gamocemuli samarTali,
romelic cnobilia saxelwodebiT `sa-
marTali mefisa giorgisa~, Seicavs ek-
lesiisadmi miZRvnil zogierT muxls,
magram mTlianobaSi igi warmoadgens ara
saeklesio, aramed saero, anu `msof-
lio~ samarTals, amitomac aRniSnavs
kidec kreba _ `Cven msofliosa misi
sisxli da pativi da sasaqmo gagviCe-
nia~,494 magram kreba iqve brZanebs, Tuki
raime sxva samarTlebrivi sakiTxi wam-
oiWreba, misi gadaWra eklesiis meTau-
rebs SeuZliaT _ `sxva rac sasjulo
sakiTxavi iyos, igi kaTalikozman da maT
ganaCenTa maT zeda episkoposTa maT hkiTx-
on~.494 kreba, i. doliZis gamokvlevis
Tanaxmad, Sedga 1335 wels.495
sakanonmdeblo kreba giorgi brwyinvales dros (1335 w.)
krebam ganixila Semdegi sakiTxi: imis
Semdeg, rac mefe dimitris Zem, giorgi
brwyinvalem Tavisi taxtisa da skip-
tris ganmtkicebis mizniT Semoiara Tavisi
sabrZaneblis mTiani mxare Jinvalidan
darialamde da ukan _ muxranamde, aR-
moCnda, rom rogorc i. doliZe wers _
`CamorCenil mTiulebs esaWiroebodaT
adgilobrivi xasiaTis sakanonmdeblo
Zegli~. marTalia, gaerTianebuli saqar-
Tvelos samefosaTvis XI-XIII ss-Si ar-
sebobda samarTlis wignebi, samefo sjul-
mdebloba, magram `isini Seusabamoni da
gamousadegarni iyvnen CamorCenili, gan-
viTarebis patriarqalur safexurze mdgo-
mi mTiuli mosaxleobisaTvis~.496
amitomac krebam giorgi brwyinvales
nebiT ganizraxa Seedgina adgilobrivi
mniSvnelobis samarTlis wigni. misi erT-
erTi wyaro yofila beqa mandaturTuxu-
cesis kanonebi, `giorgi brwyinvalis sa-
kanonmdeblo krebam gamoiyena saaTaba-
gos samarTlis saTanado normebi mTi-
ulTa sjulmdeblobisaTvis~.497
`Zeglis dadeba Sedgeba Sesavlisa da
46 muxlisagan. igi sisxlis samarTlis
kanonmdeblobis _ ̀ sisxlis ganaCens~ war-
moadgens, samoqalaqo samarTlis sakiTxebs
mxolod oriode muxli exeba~.497 samar-
Tali, Tavdapirvelad, muxlebad dayofili
ar yofila. Cans, muxlebad vaxtang VI-
is komisias dauyvia.
es kreba `Tbilis qalaqsa~ Catare-
bula, rogorc `Zeglis dadebis~ Sesav-
lidan Cans.
493 Zeglis dadeba mefeT mefis giorgis mier, Sesavali, q.s.Z. , 1963, t. I, gv. 402; 494 q.s .Z. I. gv. 402;495 iqve , gv. 616; 496 i. doliZe , Zeglis dadeba, q.s .Z. I. gv. 615; 497 iqve, gv. 617.
178 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
`Zeglis dadeba mefeTmefis giorgis mier~
[amokrefili muxlebi]
Cuen, mefeTmefeman giorgim, Zeman yovelTa Soris warCinebulisa mefeTmefisdimitrisaman, davdeviT Zegli-ganaCeni ese mas Jamsa, odes SevediT mTiulTa Siganmosavlelad RmrTis mowyalebiTa yovlgniT ucileblad qonebasa Sina samefosaCuenisasa da ucileblad pyrobasa taxtisa da skiptrisasa.
warvediT taxtiT CueniT qalaqiT da SevediT sasaxlesa Cuensa Jinvansa. damuniT mivediT Hada-cxaots da movasxeniT yovelni muneburni xevisberni da hero-vanni, da gavigoneT maTni saqmeni, davsxediT maTsa sasaqmosa.
da mivediT darielamdis da vscaniT ese, romel RmrTiv gDrgDnosanTa dasanatrelTa CuenTa CamomavalTa mefeTagan amad ar gasCenoda ZegliTa gaCeniTa dadadebiTa sisxlisa da sxuaTa mravalTa uwesoTa mimZlavrebulTa saqmeTa: romel-Tame saqmisa romlisaTDsme hprianebodaT aRreviT yofa erTmaneTsa Sigan, daromelTame sxDs Jamisa SemosrulobisaTDs ukue gaCena ver swreboda-Ra sruladmTiulTa saqmis moklebasa da gaCenasa.
da Jam-guces, mowyalebiTa RmrTisaTa darieliT mobrunvebulTa viloceTlomisis mTavarmowamis winaSe da CamoviareT cxrazmis xevi da movikuliveT muneb-uri sasaqmo.
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTveloSi gamoy-
enebul sjulmdeblobas am Zeglis mixedviT
`qarTvelT sjuli~ erqva. valis, anu fu-
lis sesxad aRebis Semdeg, misacemi pro-
centi, anu `sargebeli arc qarTvelT
sjulsa Sigan Ze wesad rome aiRon da
arc sxvaTa sjulTa uweria da sargebe-
li aris uweso~ (muxli 46-e, samarTali
mefis giorgisa).498 `sxva sjulSi~ Cans,
igulisxmeba bizantiuri samarTali. maSas-
adame, arc qarTuli da arc berZnuli
samarTliT valis `sargeblis~ aReba ar
SeiZleba, anda ukidures SemTxvevaSi Sei-
Zleba `aTsa TeTrs zeda ori TeTri miec-
es~.499 marTlac, vaxSis aReba ikrZaleba
saeklesio samarTliT. zogadad, ra Tqma
unda, gansaxilveli samarTali saekle-
sio samarTals efuZneboda. rogorc i.
doliZe aRniSnavs, Sua saukuneebis gan-
mavlobaSi `saqarTvelo mWidro kultu-
rul da saxelmwifoebriv urTierTobaSi
imyofeboda bizantiasTan. qarTulma sa-
marTalma Taviseburad daamuSava da gam-
oiyena bizantiuri samarTlis zogierTi
instituti da moxdenilad Seufarda isini
Cveni cxovrebis sinamdviles~.500
498 i. doliZe , Zeglis dadeba, q.s .Z. I, gv. 420; 499 iqve , gv. 421; 500 iqve, gv. 678.
179saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
501 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I, 1963, gv . 401-421.
movediT muxrans, sazamTrosa Cuensa davdegiT, da SemovediT qalaqsa da Semo-vitaneT Temisa da Temis erisTavni da HevisTavni da Hevisberni da herovanni.
davsxediT da davsHT wmida meufe da qarTlisa kaTalikozi evfTvime, davsxiTvezirni da ebiskopozni da mouravni, da gavigoneT, romel didi usamarTlo damZlavrebuli qmniliyo erTmaneTsa zeda, da sisxlis msubuqobisaTDs advil CndaerTmaneTis Ralatad dasxma da daqceva cixeTa, sikudili, colis wagura daubralod dagdeba, da mravalferni ulusoba da yol samarTali aRar iyo-Ra.
da dReisiT winaT-Ra erTmaneTis sayofTa saqmeTa amad aRar SemoviReT, _erTmaneTis amosula ar iqneboda, ganaCen-daudebloba eqmnaT.
da aw yuela gavaCineT, ra rigad vis ra eyos erTmaneTis avi, sisxli dges anusxua sasaqmo ra ginda ra iyos _ gardaHdes.
juarTa yels aqeT, Hada-cxaots, zandukis Hevs, kibeT queSeT da menesos zemoTes ganaCeni davdeviT.
sasjulo saqme da saeklesio, risac ginda sasaqmosa, _ kacis mkulelTa,eklesiis mkrexvelTa, colis damgdebelTa ubralosaTa, anu wamgurelTa, _ sxuarac sasjulo sakiTxavi iyos, igi kaTalikozman da maT, ganaCenTa maT zedaebiskopozTa, maT hkiTxon.
Cuen msofliosaa misi sisxli, pativi da sasaqmo gagDCenia.dReisiTgan waRma esreT iqmnas.[lomisisa glexisa asre iyos] 42. lomisisa vinc glexi moklas, Tu mefeTagan
Sewirulia, gina sxuaTa visganme, aTasxuTasi TeTri daeurvos. TaviT ZueliTgangaCenili aris lomisis samZRvarsa zeda, _ amieri Hada-cxaotis mimdgomi aris, _da agreve gaCeniT iyos.
valis saqme asre gavaCineT 46. sargebeli arc qarTvelT sjulTa Sigan Zeswesad, rome aRiRon, da arc sxuaTa sjulTa uweria. da sargebeli aris uweso.
da Tu radme mimcemi kaci esre avi iyos, rome sargebeli aRiRos, ra ginda raxani gamosuliyos, aTsa TeTrs zeda ori TeTri mieces, _ razomi didi xanidaeyos, amis mets nuras miscems da arc samarTalia misacemlad.
da Tu dia raTme avi kaci ar aris, arc amisi aReba marTebs.samarTali esreT yon yovelTa.50 1
180 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
XIV s-is 80-ian wlebSi mesxeTSi,
Wulevis monasterSi, (Tanamedrove adi-
genis raionSi) Sedga saeklesio sakanon-
mdeblo kreba, romelic moiwvia aTabag-
amirsp asalarma aRbuRam. i. doliZis
azriT, es kreba unda Catarebuliyo 1381-
1386 wlebSi. `me aTabag-amirspasalarman
aRbuRa, movaxseneT patiosansa mawyver-
elsa da biZaTa CemTa, SaSiasa da missa
Zmas safaris moZRvarsa pafnutis, xuT-
save Temsa samcxisasa, taovelTa, SavS-
Ta da klarjTa da maT Sina myofTa
episkoposTa da meudabnoeTa, moweseTa
mowmobiTa, mindobilni RmrTisani da yov-
lad wmidisa RvTismSobelisani~.502 am kre-
bis mier gamocemuli samarTali gavr-
celda mTel saqarTveloSi, rogorc saek-
lesio da saqveyno moqmedi samarTali.
Cven adre vwerdiT, rom saeklesio
kreba saqarTveloSi warmoadgenda amave
dros saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas, maSas-
adame, krebas episkoposebsa da sasulie-
ro warmomadgenlebTan erTad eswrebod-
nen darbaiselnic – darbazis wevrebic
mefis meTaurobiT, anu ukeT rom vTqvaT,
darbazoba saeklesio sakiTxTa ganxil-
vis dros saeklesio krebas warmoadgen-
da. Wulevis krebasac eswrebodnen mesxe-
Tis episkoposebi, kerZod, TviT samcxi-
dan mowveulni taoeli, SavSeli, klar-
jeli episkoposebi, gansakuTrebuli adg-
ili eWiraT awyurisa da safaris sa-
suliero pirebs, sxva `moweseebs~ da meu-
dabnoe mamebs. saero pirTagan ki gamoir-
Ceodnen samTavro saxlis meTauri, romel-
ic amave dros iyo sruliad saqarTve-
los saxelmwifos aTabag-amirspasalari-
aRbuRa da sxva adgilobrivi umaRlesi
xelisufalni (SaSia da misi Zma, romel-
ic amave dros safaris moZRvari iyo).
ra warmoadgenda krebis ganxilvis
sagans? xelnaweris saxiT Semonaxuli
krebis oqmidan Cans, rom krebam ganixi-
la da uklebliv daamtkica 70-80 wliT
adre, daaxloebiT 1295-1304 wlebSi
Sedgenili beqa mandaturTuxucesis sa-
marTali. krebam am samarTals daurTo
Tavis mier SemuSavebuli axali kanone-
bi, romelTa amoqmedebis mizezi Seiqna
droTa viTarebaSi `Semosuli uweso
saqmee bi~, garda amisa , ganisazRvra
saqarTveloSi SemoRebuli axali fulis
erTeulis nominalic da misi moqmedebis
areali gaavrceles mesxeTSi.
saeklesio krebam beqas kanonebs dau-
mata 33 muxli, romelic aRbuRa aTabag-
amirspasalaris samarTlis saxeliTaa
amJamad cnobili, radganac swored igi
iyo meTauri da iniciatori axali kanon-
ebis SemoRebisa Tavis sabrZanebelSi (sam-
cxeSi). Se qmn ili v iTare bis gamo _
`laSqarTa Sina cxenis parva Seqmnil-
iyo, ewyina sapatioTa kacTa da mis winaSe
sapatioTa msxdomTa kacTa... esreT gaa-
Cines.503 maSasadme, kanonebi SemuSavda
`sapatio msxdomTa kacTa~ mier. iqamde
ki Seqmnili mdgomareobis Sesaxeb aRbu-
Ras `sapatio kacebisaTvis~ ucnobebia,
maT ki Tavis mxriv sxdoma, anu Sekreba
mouwveviaT, es iyo swored Wulevis saek-
lesio kreba.
Wulevis sakanonmdeblo kreba (1381-1386 ww.)
502 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I . 1963. gv. 425; 503 iqve, gv. 450.
181saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
krebam, rogorc aRvniSneT, Tavdapirve-
lad ganixila beqa mandaturTuxucesis
kanonebi da aRiara igi qmediTunarianad
(sul 65 muxli), Semdgom ki mas axali
muxlebi daumata (e.w. aRbuRas kanone-
bi). Tavdapirvelad, kanonebi muxlad day-
ofili ar yofila, aramed dayofili iyo
mTavar nawilebad sakiTxebis mixedviT.
sabolood ki krebam aRniSnul (beqasa
da aRbuRas) kanonebs daurTo ZvelTa-
ganve arsebuli e.w. `bagrat kurapala-
tis samarTlis~ muxlebi da agreTve
kanonikuri samarTlis muxlebi Sedgeni-
li TviT Wulevis krebis mier. e .i.
gamocemul iqna samarTlis axali kre-
buli, romelic Tavis mxriv Setanil iqna
vaxtangis `samarTlis wignebis krebul-
Si~. i. doliZis gamocemis mixedviT, Zegli
Seicavs sul 170 muxls, aqedan beqas
samarTals miekuTvneba 1-65 muxli, aR-
buRas _ 66-98, bagrat kurapalats –
99-160, kanonikur samarTls – 161-170,
kanonTa bolos SecdomiT, ganmeorebiT
miuweriaT ramdenime kanoni.504
b e q a - aRbuRas sa marTl is wig n is
umTavres nawils sisxlis samarTlis
normebi Seadgens. saTanado adgili aqvs
daTmobili saeklesio da samoqalaqo sa-
marTalsac. magaliTad, mawyvereli episko-
posis adgili sasamarTlo warmoebisas
gaTanabrebulia patron-aTabagTan, mux-
lebSi 1, 4, 18, 22, 25, 33, 40.
pirveli muxlis Tanaxmad, patronad
iwodeba mawyvereli, iseve, rogorc aTa-
bagi. `sisxlis ganaCenis~ aRniSnuli
muxliT, Tu didebuli didebuls moklav-
da, adgilze unda misuliyo `aTabagis
kaci~ da `mawyverelis xati~, Semdeg
moSuRar mxareTa Soris mtroba unda
Sewyvetiliyo da saqme sasamarTlos unda
gadascemoda. Tu erTi mxare gadaixvewe-
boda, `mamuli patronsa aqundes jayel-
sa da mawyverelsa~, e.i. mamuli damna-
Saves CamoerTmeoda da jayelsa da maw-
yverels gadaecemoda. aseve iyo, agreTve,
roca aznauri aznaurs moklavda.
22-e muxlis Tanaxmad, Tu Zma Zmas
moklavda, damnaSaves unda gadaexada `pa-
tronis~ (jayelis) da ̀ laSqris~ sasarge-
blod da, agreTve, mawyverelis an sxva
adgilobrivi episkoposis sasargeblod:
`episkoposman misi wesi icis, raca mar-
Tebs, man uyos~. 505 33-e muxlSi nax-
senebia ̀ patroni mawyvereli~. ̀ patrons~,
sxva muxlis Tanaxmad, SeeZlo damna-
Savis `morbeva, mamulis waReba, gaZeve-
ba~ da sxv. (muxli 40). saerTod, samar-
Tali ixilavs sasjelebs mkvlelobis,
sxeulis dazianebis, Seuracxyofis, cil-
iswamebis, sqesobrivi danaSaulis, qa-
lis motacebis, colis an qmris dagdeb-
is, gaZarcvis, qurdobis, meqrTameobis,
Ralatis, TviTnebobis dros. agreTve,
Seicavs samoqalaqo samarTlis muxlebs,
romlebic ganixilaven sakuTrebis ufle-
bas, giravnobas, nasyidobas, mibarebas,
sesxs, Cuqebas, Tavdebobas, Txovebas, sao-
jaxo samarTals, memkvidreobas. sasa-
marTlo wyobilebasa da sasamarTlo war-
moebas eZRvneba muxlebi, romlebic ganix-
ilavs – bWisa da bWobis, Suakacis, fi-
cis da moficaris, mowmis, werilobiT
sabuTebis sakiTxebs.506
beqasa da aRbuRas samarTlis wignis
boloSi darTulia kanonebi bagrat kura-
palatisa da saeklesio dadgenilebebi.
i. doliZis TvalsazrisiT, am kanonebis
sjulmdebeli unda iyos mefe bagrat IV
(1027-1072) da mas unda mieweros beqasa
da aRbuRas samarTlis wignis 99-160
504 q.s .Z., t. I. gv. 621; 505 iqve , gv. 433; 506 iqve, gv. 622.
182 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
kanonebi. sxva mecnierTa azriT, rogorc
ganvixileT, es kanonebi ekuTvnis bagrat
kurapalats (IX s.). es kanonebi `episko-
posTa, didebulTa da aznaurTa da Wkuian-
Ta kacTa mefeTa winaSe erTbamad~ Seu-
muSavebiaT, anu `gauCeniaT~ `gangebiTa
RmrTisaTa~.507 maSasadame, kanonebis Se-
muSavebaSi eklesiis ierarqebs _ episko-
posebs didebulebTan erTad miuRiaT
monawileoba. muxlebis erTi nawili saek-
lesio saqmeebs awesrigebs, amitomac es
samarTali saeklesio samarTlis wyaroa.
p irv eliv e muxli mouwode bs mosa -
marTleebs ̀ marTali samarTali unda gaa-
CinoT RvTis SiSiT, qrTamisa da Tnebis
gareSe~. sasurvelad miiCnevda mosamar-
Tle momrigeblad daadginon `moZRvari~
an sxva sapatio piri. 103-e muxliT, Tu
episkoposi damnaSavea mefis winaSe, mefes
ar SeuZlia misi Sepyroba, aramed episko-
poss evaleba `Sexvewa, Sekazmva mefisa~.
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa da cnobilia
bagrat kurapalatis samarTlis 102-e
muxli, romelSic naTqvamia _ `meore
mefe episkoposi ars~. mTlianad es mux-
li aseTia _ `Tu mefe episkopozsa gauw-
yres, gina usamarTlod, gina samarTliT,
xelTa SepyrobaY arca maSin moxdebis,
amisaTvis raYme meore mefe episkopozi
ars da qristianeTa sjulisa damamtki-
cebeli da raYca mefesa sjulisa saqme
aqvs, agre Seiwynaren~.508
maSasadame, episkoposisa da mefis iu-
ridiuli wona samarTlis samsjavros
winaSe Tanabaria, amitomac Tuki episko-
posi damnaSavea kanonis winaSe, igi iseve
unda daisajos, ra sasjelsac kanonmde-
bloba iTvaliswinebs mefisaTvis mocemuli
danaSaulis SemTxvevaSi. mefes damnaSave
episkoposis Sepyroba ar SeuZlia, ar
SeuZlia misi Sepyroba im SemTxvevaSic,
Tuki mefe piradad miiCnevs episkoposs
arasasurvel pirad. kanonmdebloba sa-
suliero da saero umaRles xelisufalT
(am SemTxvevaSi, mefesa da episkoposs)
aTanabrebs. es principi, i. doliZis azriT,
momdinareobs bizantiuri samarTlidan.509
es principi asaxulia vaxtangis samarT-
lis wignis 25-e muxlSic _ `mefisa da
kaTalikozis saqme... orisave swori aris,
amitom rom erTi xorcis xelmwifea da
meore sulisa~.
mefisa da episkoposis uflebrivad
gaTanabrebis principi aseve gatarebu-
lia bagratis samarTlis 103-e muxl-
Sic, romlis Tanaxmad sjulis, eklesiis,
episkoposisa da mefis winaSe damna-
Save mRvdeli, moZRvari an monazoni
ar e qve mdebare boda Sep yrobas. misi
qmedeba unda gamoeZiaT da Tanxis gada-
xdiT daesajaT.
ufro meti, 105-e muxlis Tanaxmad,
didebulis Tu sxvaTa mier sasuliero
piris SepyrobisaTvis sasjeli Sempyrobs
daedeboda. aseve isjeba Semdegi muxliT
mRvdlis meuRlis `momyinvebeli~. 106-e
muxliT didebuli, romelic episkoposs
Seaginebda, didi xvewnis Semdeg 40.000
TeTrs gadaixdida. xolo imave qmedebi-
saTvis aznauri 20.000 TeTriT daisje-
boda, sazogadod, momdevno muxlebi ume-
tesad eklesias, anda sasuliero pirebs
Seexeba, ase rom, bagrat kurapalatis
samarTalic saeklesio samarTlis wyaroa.
sainteresoa 121-e muxli, romlidanac
vigebT, rom eklesiaSi `qveynis sam-
locvelod~ dasvenebul macxovris xa-
tisaTvis qveyana valdebuli iyo See-
wira 30 glexi, e.i. maTgan Semosavali
unda moxmare boda xatis movla-pa -
507 q.s .Z., t. I. gv. 464 ; 508 iqve, gv 464; 509 iqve, gv. 641.
183saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
tronobas, dacvasa da mis winaSe locvis
saqmes. yovladwmida RvTismSoblis xa-
tisaTvis 12 glexi unda SeewiraT, am-
denive glexi iyo dadgenili sxva xate-
bisTvisac. amiT iyo gamowveuli is, rom
udidesi ganZi, Zvirfasi xatebi da saek-
lesio nivTebi eklesia-monastrebSi sauku-
neTa manZilze SesaniSnavad iyo daculi.
zemoT moyvanili muxlebi episkoposTa
xelSeuxeblobis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi
imdenad gaTavisebuli iyo, rom mxolod
ucxoelebma _ sparselebma da rusebma
gabedes misi darRveva _ magaliTad,
rodesac rostom-xanma evdemoz kaTali-
kosi moakvlevina da rusma xelisuflebma
ki cemiT mokles dosiTeos quTaTeli
mitropoliti, imereTis kaTalikosis adg-
ilze mjdomi.
Wulevis saeklesio krebas, rogorc
aRvniSneT, mouZiebia da daurTavs aRbu-
Ras kanonebisaTvis beqa mandaturTuxu-
cesis da, agreTve, bagrat kurapalatis
kanonebi. Wulevis krebas unda daemate-
bina mTeli am samarTlis krebulisaTvis
e.w. `kanonikuri samarTlis~ muxlebi.
krebas am kanonebiT surda RalatiT Zmis
Tu sxva kacis mkvlelis, asoTa moWris,
brZolaSi moklulis gaZarcvis, usamarT-
lod saxelgatexili kacis mokvlis,
kanonieri colis wagvris, sasuliero
piris RalatiT mokvlis da sxva msgavsi
uzneo qmedebis aRmofxvra. amitomac
yovel muxls axlavs damarRvevlis wyev-
lis formula. sazogadod, qurdobis, ek-
lesiis gatexis, venaxis aWris, saydris
saqonlis motacebis, cecxlis wakide-
basa da sxva danaSaulSi mxilebuli
damnaSaveebi wyevliTac isjebodnen da,
agreTve, Sesabamisi kanoniTac (saekle-
sio sasjelis garda). kreba 165-e, 168-
170-e muxlebis dasasruls iTvaliswinebs
sanqcias, rom damnaSave ̀ kanonsameca qveSe
iqnebis wmidaca mociqulTaca~ _ rac
kanonikuri samarTlis formulas war-
moadgens.510 amitomac, aseTi muxlebis,
anu sakanonos dadeba SeeZlo swored
saeklesio krebas da asec moqceula Wu-
levis kreba. kanonebSi moxseniebuli
`sapiro da sanaxSiro~ unda niSnavdes,
samomrigeblos, samosalaparakeblos, anu
mxareTa Soris molaparakebisa da morige-
bis miRwevisaTvis gankuTvnil gasamrje-
los. `sanaxSo~ salaparako adgils erq-
va. samarTali, ZiriTadad, msoflio saek-
lesio krebaTa kanonebs eyrdnoba.
i. doliZe wers: `samcxe-saaTabagos
samTavros saSinao marTva-gamgeoba mTli-
anad patron _ aTabagis mier damoukide-
blad xorcieldeboda. ̀ imxanad saqarTve-
los mTlianoba imdenad daSlili iyo,
rom mefes TiTqmis aRaraviTari Zala aRar
hqonda~.511 sakanonmdeblo xelisufleba
saaTabagoSi patron aTabags ekuTvnis da
igi am uflebas saqarTvelos mefisagan
damoukideblad axorcielebs, igi aRWur-
vilia uzenaesi sasamarTlo xelisuflebi-
Tac~.512 magram sagangebod unda aRiniS-
nos, rom patroni aTabagi araa TviTmpy-
robeli xelisufali, mis samTavroSi zo-
gierTi gansakuTrebuli saxelisuflo da
sasamarTlo ufleba miniWebuli aqvs ek-
lesias, kerZod ki - awyuris episkoposs
(mawyverels). `awyuris episkoposis sasa-
marTlo iurisdiqcias eqvemdebareboda
mTeli rigi mniSvnelovani sisxlisa da
samoqalaqo samarTlis saqmeebi (beqa-aR-
buRas samarTlis mixedviT). mawyvereli
aTabagTan erTad axorcielebs umaRles
510 q.s .Z. t. I . gv. 630; 511 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTveli eris istoria, IV, 1941, gv. 143; 512 i. doliZe,Zveli qarTuli samarTali, 1953, gv. 32.
184 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sasamarTlo xelisuflebas. saaTabagos
saqarTvelos samefosagan gandgomam didi
gavlena moaxdina mawyverelis damoukide-
blobaze da misi sasamarTlo iurisdiqciis
zrdaze. saaTabagoSi mawyvereli iseTive
umaRlesi saeklesio Tanamdebobis piri
iyo, rogorc kaTalikosi saqarTveloSi.
Tu aTabagi saqarTvelos mefes arafers
ekiTxeboda, mawyverelic damoukidebeli
iyo mcxeTis saeklesio kaTedrisagan. sam-
cxe-saaTabagoSi igi damoukideblad ax-
orcielebda umaRles saeklesio xelisu-
flebas da sjulmdeblobas~.513 magram xaz-
gasmiTaa aRsaniSnavi, rom `Tu sasulie-
ro saqmeebSi mawyvereli uzenaesi piria,
saero samarTlis saqmeebSi is aTabagis
Tanasworia, masTan erTad axorcielebs
umaRles marTlmsajulebas~.514
amiT (e.i. samarTlis sferoSi aTa-
bagisa da mawyverelis TanasworobiT) aris
gamowveuli beqa-aRbuRas samarTlad cno-
bili wignebis Sedgeniloba. i. doliZis
TvalsazrisiT, beqasa da aRbuRas samar-
Tali Tavdapirvelad 98 muxlisagan
Sedgeboda (eyrdnoba 1672 wlis xel-
nawers), e.i. igi Sedgeboda mxolod beqa
mandaturTuxucesis da aRbuRa aTabag-
amirspasalaris samarTlisagan. mxolod
Semdgom saukuneebSi ̀ sxva muxlebi SemTx-
513 i. diliZe , Zveli qarTuli samarTali, 1953, gv. 116; 514 iqve , gv. 117; 515 iqve, gv. 42.
veviTa da SemTxveviT miumates am sa-
kanonmdeblo Zegls~.515 es Camateba i.
doliZis TvalsazrisiT, Seusrulebia
`vaxtang mefis sakodifikacio komisias~.
Cveni Tvalsazrisi gansxvavdeba am mxriv.
Cveni fiqriT, WulevSi Sedga sakanonm-
deblo saeklesio kreba, romelmac sabo-
lood gamosca mTliani saxiT erTiani
sakanonmdeblo Zegli, romelic imTav-
iTve Sedgeboda rogorc beqasa da aRbu-
Ras samarTlisagan, agreTve Seicavda 99-
160 (e.i. bagrat kurapalatis samarTals)
da rac umTavresia, krebis mier gamocemul
161-170 muxlebs (e.i. kanonikur samar-
Tals). es gamowveuli unda yofiliyo
zemoaRniSnuli garemoebiT, kerZod, imiT
rom, marTalia patroni aTabagi saTave-
Si edga samTavros sakanonmdeblo xe-
lisuflebas, magram igi am udides ufle-
bas iziarebda mawyverelTan erTad. ek-
lesiis es uflebamosileba (samarTlis
sferoSi) kargad Canda uZveles adgi-
lobriv (yofil tao-klarjeTSi) SemuSave-
bul ZeglSi, romelic bagrat kurapa-
latis samarTlis saxeliT iyo cnobili
(IX s-is Zeglia). am Zeglis CarTviT
Wulevis krebam eklesiis uzenaesi sasa-
marTlo da saxelisuflo uflebani kidev
erTxel gaxada TvalsaCino da kanonmde-
blobis saxiT daamtkica.
185saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
`bagrat kurapalatis, beqasa da aRbuRas kanonebi~,`kanonikuri samarTali~
[amokrefili muxlebi]
[Sesavali, beqa mandaturTuxucesis samarTlidan]. SeviyareniT WulevTa, min-dobilni RmrTisani da awyuris RmrTismSoblisani, da... davideviT wina pa-tronisa papiCemisa mandaturTuxucesis beqas ganaCeni da igi agreve srulobiT daukleblad davswereT.
da raca JamTa siaviTa sxvani uwesoni saqmeni Semosuliyvnen, maTi samarTalicazeda daurTeT, asre rome, _ rac sisxlisa da gerSisa, dasxmisa da Ralatisa darasa ginda ferisa dasaurvebeli saqme iyos.
patronisa papisCemisagan ganaCeni yazanuri TeTri iyo da ama JamT-Siga yaza-nuroba aR-sadme-moklebuliyo (//). da didis warCinebulis mefis giorgis JamisaTeTri gavaCineT; oriani xuTi dangi wminda vercxli da rogoraca aw Jamisa TeTriiyos, angariSiT ama wesiT aRiRebden.
amad ara CamovamcreviT, rome avi saqme nu visganme gaadvildebis.awyurisa da safarisa, viTa ZveliTgan yofiliyo, arca didsa mefesa moeSala da
Cven ganaRamca agreTve davamtkiceT.wigni samarTlisa kacTa Secodebisa yovlisavesaxeliTa RmrTisaQTa dausabamoQsa mamisa, Zisa da wmidisa sulisaQTa, meoxebiTa yov-
ladwmidisa RmrTismSobelisaQTa da yovelTa wmidaTa zecisa da queyanisaQTa, me, aTabag-amilspasalarman aRbuRa, movaHseneT patiosansa... mawyuerelsa da biZaZeTa CemTa, SaSiasa damissa Zmas safaris moZRuarsa pafnutis; xuTsave Temsa samcxisasa, taovelTa, SavSTa daklarjTa, da maT Sina myofTa episkopozTa da meudabnoveTa, moweseTa mowmobiTa. mind-obilni RmrTisani da yovlad wmidisa RmrTismSobelisani, dav[i]deviT winaSe patronisapapisCemisa beqaQs ganaCeni; igi srulobiT da ukleblad davwereT; da raQca JamTa siaDTasxuani uwesoni saqmeni Semosrul iyvnes, maTi samarTali zeda daurTeT, ase rome, _ raQcasisxlisa, gerSisa dasxmisa, Ralatisa da raQsa ginda TeTrisa sauraDsa saqme iyos.
patonis papisCemisagan ganaCeni yazanuri TeTri iyo. ama Jamsa Sina yazanuroba arRaraiyo. didisa mefisa giorgis Jamisa TeTri gavaCineT: oriani xuTi dangi wmida vecxli. darogorca TeTri iyos, angariSad ima wesiTa aiRebodes. amad ara CamovamcreviT, rome avisaqme nu visgan gaadvildebis.
awyurisa da safarisa viTa ZveliTgan yofiliyo, arca didsa patonsa moeSala, CuenganaRamca egreTve davamtkiceT.
[bagrat kurapalatis samarTlidan] 100. vinca moZRuari iyos, anu mefeTawinaSe zrdili da namyofi kaci iyos, anu kargi did-vaWari, anu kargi soflisa
186 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mamasaxlisi iyos, ageTi kaci dasvi bWed, Wkuiani iqnebis da kargad ecodinebisbWobaQ, da usamarTlos aras ityDs.
101. Tu ebiskopozman mefesa Sescodos, mefisagan Helad SepyrobaQ ara egebis,amad rome misda muqafad sasjelisa damamtkicebeli ars.
SexuewaQ, SekazmaQ marTebs ebiskopozsa mefisaQ.102. Tu mefe ebiskopozsa gauwyres, gina usamarTlod, gina samarTliTa, HelTa
SepyrobaQ arca maSin moHdebis, amisTDis rome meore mefe ebiskopozi ars da qris-tianeTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli.
da raQca mefesa sjulisa saqme aqus, agre Seiwynaren.103. Tu moZRuarman anu mRdelman, anu monazonman mefesa anu ebiskopozsa
Sescodos, anu sjulsa, anu eklesiasa Sescodos, HelTa aravisgan Seipyrobis.ga kiT xvaQ unda, da raQca mizezi daswamon, ma s m izezsa unda g amonaxv aQ
gardaHde vi ne ba Q.104. vinca, anu didebulman, anu aznaurman, anu sxuaman vinme, monazoni anu
mRdeli mZlavrebiT HelTa Seipyras, raQsaca guarisa iyos, mis sisxlsa xuTi aTasisxuaQ ematos.
da Tu guariani iyos anu Helismqonebeli, mi ssa si sxlsa naxev ari si sx-li e matos.
105. Tu kacman xucisa coli moayivnos, gina uzesTaesman, gina uquemoesman,missa sisxlsa samoci aTasi TeTri sxuaQ ematos.
106. Tu ebiskopozsa didebulman aginos, ormoci aTasi TeTri dauurvos dadidad Seexuewis.
1 07 . Tu [eb is ko pozs a] azna urma n ag inos , didiTa Se xuewiTa oci aT asiTeTri dauurvos.
108. Tu aznaurman anu didebulman mRdelsa aginos, anu uquemoesman, mesamedisixlisaQ dauurvos da didad Seexuewos.
109. Tu kacman kaci guemos da eklesiaQ gautexos, raQsaca guarisa iyos, srulisisxli dauurvos.
112. Tu igi eklesiaQ sanaxevro iyos, anu samesamedo, anu sameoTxedo, anusamrevlo, angariSi qnan da agre dauurvos, raQca wili edvas.
visiTaca mizeziTa damarTebodes, sapiro man dauurvos. da ima eklesiisa mo-ziareni gverca udgenda rome maTca ara gamoyon, ara emarTlebian.
113. Tu eklesiaQ mekobreTa gatexon patronisa ukiTxavad da ese daswamon, Senicodio, patronman mis mekobrisaman ucodneloba ficos ocdaoTxisa kaciTa dadaejerebis. mekobre HelTa misces, raQ ginda uyon, nu daemdurebis. alafica ukle-blad Seaqcion, gina maT gamoiRon.
187saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
115. Tu eklesiasa daesxnen, xuTi aTasi TeTri dauurvon saupatiod.121. sadaca macxovrisa xati esuenos samcvelod queyanisa, saupatiod ocdaaTi
glexi marTebs, Tormeti _ yovlad wmidisa, Tormeti _ mTavarangelozTa, Torme-ti _ sxuaTa wmidaTa mRvdelT-moZRvarTa, mociqulTa, wmidis giorgisa, naTlism-cemelisa da sxuaTa wmidaTa.
[kanonikuri samarTali] 161. romelmanca, vinca ginda didman, anu mciremankacman, RalatiT ZmaQ moklas da anu RalatiT sxuaQ kaci, krul da wyeul,SeCuenebul iyavn dausabamoQsa RmrTisa piriTa.
da viTarisaca guarisa iyos kaci igi, orkeci sisxli dauurvos.da vinca uSuelos da Seiwynaros, krul da wyeul, SeCuenebul iyavn.162. vinca qristianeman kacman Zmas Tualni daswunes cxadad anu Ralatad, anu
mohkueTos raQme asoTagani, sisxli sruli da sanaxSiro dauurvos.krul da wyeul, SeCuenebul iyavn, da cudmca ars mosaHsenebeli sicocxle da
sikudili misi.163. brZolaTa Sina romelica kaci mokudes, abjrisagan kide tansacmelsa da
nifxav-perangsa nu vin moHdis.krul, wyeul da SeCuenebul iyavn RmrTisa piriTa.164. vinca mekobre, mejurmuce da mparavi kaci moklas, cxadad gamoCndes, rome
usamarTlo yofiliyos, _ vinca misman naTesavman da saSualTa misi sisxli ikiTx-on, krul da SeCuenebul da wyeul iyavn.
165. romelman kacman vis ginda misi gDrgDn nakurTxi coli wauRos da mosta-cos, sruli sisxli dauurvos, rasaca guarisa iyos.
krul da wyeul da SeCuenebul [iyavn] piriTa RmrTisaQTa.da kanonsamca queSe iqmnebis wmidaTa mociqulTasa.166. romelmanca, vin ginda guarman kacman, xucesi, monazoni anu diakoni
malviT, RalatiT moklas, Seipyras da gaZarcos, ori keci sisxli dauurvos.krul da wyeul da SeCuenebul [iyavn] suli da Horci misi.167. romelmanca kacman ra ginda ra moiparos da gamoCndes, ornive Tualni
daewunen da anu Hel-ferHi daeWras.Tu sapatiJosa adgilsa ara moeparos, vin iyiddes, viTaca daafason, egre
mihyidon, da naparevi dauklebliv missa patronsa misces.da krul, wyeul da SeCuenebul iyavn.168. romelmanca kacman, didman anu mcireman, raQsa ginda nivTianisa saqmis-
aTDs da mterobisaTDs, sisxlisa da valisa gardaHdisaTDis eklesiaQ gatexos anucecxli Seudvas da dawuas, anu cxadad anu idumal, kanonsamca queSe ars wmidaTamociqulTasa da wmidaTa krebaTasa.
188 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
krul da wyeul da SeCvenebul iyavn.mcire ese dasaurvebeli gangDiCenia, _ raQca amisa eklesiisa dasaurvebeli
patiJi eweros da gaCenil iyos, orkeci dauurvos, da alafi raQca waeRos, uzRos.amave kanonsa queSe iyos kaci igi.
169. romelmanca kacman, ginda sisxlisa da gulis tkivilisaTDis, venaHidaWras anu xeni nayofierni, anu yanaQ daTibos, cxadad anu idumal, krul da wyeulda SeCuenebul iyavn kaci igi caTa Sina da queyanasa zeda.
[1691]. vinca saydrisa saqonebelTa senakTa, agaraTa, saxlTa, beRelTa, ma-ranTa da vis ginda sxuaTa kacisa mosaHmarebelTa RamiT cecxli Seudvas, raQsaginda sisxlisa [da] mterobisaTDs, raQsaca gulis tkivilisaTDs anu movalebi-saTDs, krul, wyeul da SeCueneul iyavn igi kaci caTa Sina da queyanasa zeda.
da romlisaca saqmisaTDis qnas igi saqme, gardaHdes.da viTarca adgili iyos, sisxli da patiJi gardaiHados da kanonsa queSe iyos.
da danaklebi uzRos.170. vin ginda kacman raQsa ginda saqmisa da mterobisaTDs saydarsa da saydrisa
saqonebelsa malviTa anu cxadad cecxli Seudvas, dawuas ra ginda ra, cxadadgamoCndes, saydris patiJad ocdaTormeti aTasisa TeTrisa dauurvos.
da krul da wyeul da SeCuenebul iyavn, da cudmca ars mosaHsenebeli suli daHorci misi amas sofelsa da mas saukunosa dausabamoQsa RmrTisa madliTa dakanonsa queSe ars wmidaTa mociqulTasa.51 6
516 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I., 1963, gv . 425-473.
189saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
XV s-is bolos saqarTveloSi Camo-
sula antioqia-ierusalimis patriarqi
mixeili, misTvis umaspinZlia bediel-
caiSel episkopos ioakimes, mefe bagrats,
d a d i a n - g ur i el S a m a d a vl a s , s x v a
erisTavebs, didebulebs, aznaurebs. say-
ovelTao, saqveyno saWiroebisaTvis an-
tioqiel patriarqs Zegliswerac dau-
tovebia, romelsac boloSi `biWvintis
RvTismSoblisa saWeTmpyrobeli kaTa-
likozis~ beWedi azis. amitomac unda
vifiqroT, rom antioqia-ierusalimis pa-
triarqis mixeilis Camosvlisas moxda
Sekreba episkoposebisa, miT umetes, rom
am dros axali kaTalikosic ukurTxebi-
aT, rac, cxadia, episkoposTa Sekrebis
gareSe ar moxdeboda, amitomac maT Tav-
Seyras SeiZleba `kreba~ uwodiT.
zogierTi istorikosis TvalsazrisiT,
antioqielma patriarqma xeli daasxa
afxazeTis kaTalikoss, akurTxa igi da
amiT TiTqosda qarTuli eklesiis wiaRi-
dan gamoyo lixT-imereTis (afxazeTis)
sakaTalikoso. am Tvalsazrisis gaziareba
ar SeiZleba. saqme isaa, rom rogorc
antioqieli patriarqis XV s-Si saqar-
TveloSi Camosvlamde, ise mas Semdegac,
afxazeTis, anu dasavleT saqarTvelos
sakaTalikoso yovelTvis iyo qarTuli
eklesiis erT-erTi cocxali da Zlieri
nawili. mis mrevls warmoadgendnen dasav-
leT saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi qarTvele-
bi, romelnic mterTagan SedarebiT dac-
ulobis gamo, mtkiced inarCunebdnen
Zvel-qarTul adaTebs, wesebsa da Cveule-
bebs. am sakaTalikosoSi mudam, vidre
XIX s-mde, ruseTis mier saqarTvelos
eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebamde, wir-
caiS-bediis Sekreba (1470-1474 ww.)
va-locvis, RvTismsaxurebis erTaderTi
ena iyo qarTuli ena. afxazeTis kaTali-
kosebi mudam qarTvelebi iyvnen iseve,
rogorc episkoposebi da cxadia, mrev-
lic. sabuTebi, sigelebi, gujrebi, war-
werebi mxolod da mxolod qarTulad
iyo Sedgenili.
Cvenamde moRweulia gvarebi afxaze-
Tis kaTalikosebisa, romelnic zeobdnen
antioqieli patriarqis mixeilis Semdeg,
yvelas gvari qarTulia, yvelani qarTu-
li eklesiis cnobili moRvaweni arian,
maT Sesaxeb da maTi xeliT Sedgenili
mravali dokumentia moRweuli, esenia:
malaqia abaSiZe (1519-1532), evdemon Cxe-
tiZe (1557-1578), eqvTime I sayvareliZe
(1578-1605), malaqia gurieli (1616-1639),
maqsime maWutaZe (1639-1657), zaqaria
qvariani (1657-1660), simon CxetiZe (1660-
1666), evdemon II sayvareliZe (1666-1669),
eqvTime II sayvareliZe (1669-1673), dav-
iT nemsaZe (1673-1696), grigol lorT-
qifaniZe (1696-1742), germane wulukiZe,
besarion erisTavi (1742-1769), ioseb
bagrationi, maqsime abaSiZe (1776-1795)
da sxvebi. arc erTi maTgani ar kurTx-
eula ucxo patriarqis mier, ase rom,
antioqieli patriarqis mixeilis mier
afxazeTis kaTalikos ioakimes kurTxe-
vas, Tu es namdvilad ase moxda, ar
SeuzRudavs dasavleT saqarTvelos saka-
Talikosos TavisTavadoba _ avtokefa-
lia, sxva, romelime ucxo eklesiis
sasargeblod, araviTari zegavlena ar
mouxdenia am mxriv mis kanonikur mdgo-
mareobaze . SesaZlebelia ucxo patri-
arqma mixeilma monawileoba miiRo bedi-
eli episkoposis (ioakimes) kaTalikosad
190 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
kurTxevaSi, anda xeli Seuwyo mas, raTa
daeWira sakaTalikoso taxti. cxadia,
yovelive es ar amcirebs ucxo patriar-
qis mier saqarTvelos eklesiis sawi-
naaRmdegod mimarTul qmedebas, romel-
ic kargad aqvs gamokvleuli iv. javax-
iSvils. igi wers: `saqarTvelos swvevia
antioqiisa da ierusalimis patriarqi mix-
eili, Cveni qveyana Cveuli iyo am ucxo-
qveynel mRvdelmTavarTa stumrobasa da
kalmasobas, Tavis mogzaurobis gasamar-
Tleblad da fulebis datyuebis gasaad-
vileblad, Tanac saqarTvelos Tavisi
mudmiv Semosavlis wyarod qcevisaTvis
ierusalimel-antioqieli patriarqebi
cdilobdnen mTeli TavianTi yofaqcevi-
saTvis kanonieri safuZveli moeZebnaT.
gankerZoebis momxre mefe-mTavrebi saqar-
TveloSi sargeblobdnen am mRvdel-
mTavrebis mogzaurobiT TavianTi mizneb-
is gansaxorcieleblad~.517
CamosvlisTanave mixeili Tavis saqmes
Sesdgomia: `iqna gamoZieba da mokiTxva
gujarTa, davTarTa da iadgarTa, viTar
igi pirvelad qarTlisa da afxazeTisa
kaTalikozni antioqiisa patriarqisagan
ikurTxebodian~, _ wers antioqieli pa-
triarqi.518 maSasadame, am ucxoel patri-
arqs dauwyia qarTul saeklesio sabuTebSi
masalis moZieba imis dasamtkiceblad,
rom uZveles dros, qarTveli kaTaliko-
sebi antioqiis patriarqisagan ikurTxe-
bodnen. ratom ar moZebna man amis Sesaxeb
berZnuli sabuTebi TviT antioqiasa da
sxvagan? Cans, Zebna kidec, magram ve-
raferisaTvis miugnia, marTlac, cnobilia,
rom pirdapiri ucxouri wyaroebi qarTu-
li eklesiis ucxour eklesiaze damok-
idebulebis Sesaxeb ar arsebobs,519 ami-
tomac antioqieli patriarqi iZulebu-
li gamxdara TviT qarTul sabuTebSi
moeZebna raime masala. rogorc cnobil-
ia, qarTul wyaroebSi moipoveba naw-
yvetebi efrem mcires naSromidan qarTu-
li eklesiis odesRac antioqia-ierusal-
imze damokidebulebis Sesaxeb. efrem
mcirem Tavis naSromSi `uwyeba mizezsa
qarTvelTa moqcevisasa~ gamoiyena berZnu-
li wyaroebi, magram, rogorc gamokv-
leuli gvaqvs, efrems ucxouri cnobebi,
romelnic exeboda `qvemo iberiis~ ekle-
sias, miuCnevia zogadad qarTul, anu
`iberiis~ eklesiis Sesaxeb daweril cno-
bad. saqme isaa, rom ucxoelebi `qvemo
iberiis saarqiepiskoposos~ uwodebdnen
dasavleT saqarTvelos (afxazeTis) ek-
lesias, xolo zemo iberiis saarqiepisko-
posos aRmosavleT saqarTvelos (qarT-
lis) sakaTalikosos. efremis am naSro-
midan nawyvetebi Sesuli iyo sxvadasxva
saeklesio sabuTSi, swored maTTvis mi-
ugnia patriarq mixeils da ucdia gamo-
eyenebina Tavis sasargeblod. `cxadia, Tu
risTvis dasWirdeboda es cnoba mixeil
patriarqs. mas undoda am Zveli damok-
idebulebiT esargebla, igi antioqiis
mRvdelmTavarTa saqarTvelos eklesiaze
batonobis ganaxleba-aRdgenaze ocnebobda
ukve, rodesac mas cnoba xelT eqnebo-
da, maSin gulubryvilo xalxs ufro
advilad daarwmunebda, rom saqarTvelos
eklesiis Sinaur saqmeebSi Carevis ufleba
hqonda da rogorc `JamTa siZvelisagan
da soflisa siveragisagan iyvnes mravalni
wesni SeSliT da gardaqceviT.520 viTomc
amgvaradve qarTuli eklesiis TviTmwyem-
soba da damoukidebloba ukanono da `SeS-
lil~ wesad undoda gamoecxadebina~.521
517 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani, t. III, 1982, gv. 337; 518 `mcnebai sasjulo~, qarTuli samarTlisZeglebi, III , gv. 222; 519 a. jafariZe, saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996, 315-325; 520 samarTlis Zegl., III, gv. 222; 521 iv. javaxiSvili, III, gv. 337.
191saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
`vakurTxeT kaTalikozi iovakim, mar-
jvena ierusalimisa afxazeTis kaTalikozi
da kurTxeulmca ars, davayeneT da davs-
viT yovelTa qristianeTa lixT-amerisa,
odiSisa , guriisa da afxazeTisa . . .
vakurTxeT~,520 wers mixeil patriarqi.
araa SemTxveviTi, rom igi mravlobiT
ricxvSi laparakobs, maSasadame, iovakime
afxazeTis, anu dasavleT saqarTvelos
kaTalikosad akurTxa ara marto man,
aramed sxvebmac. vis hqonda ufleba kaTa-
likosis kurTxevisa? avtokefalur ek-
lesiaSi, rogorc aucilebeli wesi, kaTa-
likoss (e.i. meTaurs) akurTxebs episko-
posTa kreba mocemuli eklesiisa, swored
amiT gamoixateba am eklesiis avtokefa-
lia. rogorc Cans, dasavleT saqarTve-
lo s e p is kop ose b i Se kre b il an da
gamourCeviaT meTauri, patriarq mixeils
ki kurTxevaSi monawileoba miuRia.
rogorc Cans, ufro adre dasavleT
saqarTvelos (afxazeTis) kaTalikosis
kurTxevaSi aqtiur monawileobas iReb-
da q arTlis kaTalikosi , romelsac
agreTve hqonda tituli `saqarTvelos
patriarqisa~. axla ki igi axali kaTa-
likosis kurTxevaze ar miuwveviaT, anda
ver Casula. maSasadame, mixeilis dros
afxazeTis sakaTalikosom TavisTavadoba
ki ar dakarga antioqiis sasargeblod,
ar am ed man ufro ai ma Rla Ta v i si
damoukidebloba qarTlis kaTalikosis mi-
marT. afxazeTis erTi kaTalikosis sabu-
Ti, romelsac qvemoT moviyvanT, uCvenebs,
rom im dros qarTul eklesiaSic dawye-
bula igive procesi, romelic ukve daw-
yebuli iyo qveyan aSi _ danawevreba
damoukidebel administraciul erTeule-
bad. aRsaniSnavia, rom garkveul dromde
imereTisa da kaxeTis mefeebi iCendnen
ara separatizms, am sityvis klasikuri
gagebiT, aramed, piriqiT, surdaT cen-
traluri xelisufleba maT xelSi gada-
suliyo, TavianT Tavs ̀ imereTis~ an ̀ kax-
eTis~ mefeebs ki ar uwodebdnen, aramed
sruliad saqarTvelos kanonier mefee-
bad warmoaCendnen Sesabamisi sruli
titulaturiT: `mefe afxazTa, qarTvel-
Ta, ranTa, kaxTa~ da a.S. kuTxur-re-
gionalur politikur erTeulTa meTau-
rebi TavianT Tavs miiCnevdnen sruliad
saqarTvelos mefeebis kanonier memkvi-
dreebad, maSasadame, maTSi arsebobda sur-
vili saqarTvelos erTianobisa, oRond
TavianTi meTaurobiT. msgavsi procesi
yofila dasavleT saqarTvelos (afxaze-
Tis) sakaTalikosoSic. afxazeTis kaTa-
likoss ara gamoyofa surda saqarTve-
los eklesiidan, aramed miiswrafoda,
rom mas mikuTvneboda ̀ sruliad saqarTve-
los kaTalikos-patriarqis~ tituli, es
Cans 1712 wels Sedgenil Sewirulobis
wignSi ̀ kaTalikos grigol lorTqifaniZ-
isa biWvinTisadmi~, am sabuTSi afxaze-
Tis kaTalikosi Tavis Tavs `sruliad
saqarTvelos kaTalikoss~ uwodebs, ker-
Zod, sabuTs boloSi azis beWedi aseTi
warweriT: ̀ grigol mwyemsi qristes mier
yovlisa saqarTvelosa kaTalikozi~.522
aqedan aSkarad Cans, rom afxazeTis
(dasavleT saqarTvelos) eklesia ara Tu
gamoeyo qarTul eklesias, piriqiT, swored
mas miaCnda WeSmarit qarTul eklesiad
Tavisi Tavi, xolo misi saWeTmpyrobeli
`yoveli saqarTvelos kaTalikozad~.
marTalia, administraciuli Tval-
sazrisiT qarTlisa da afxazeTis sakaTa-
likosoebi TavisTavadni iyvnen, magram
ar unda daviviwyoT analogiuri SemTx-
vevebi msoflio eklesiaSi. magaliTad,
522 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, III, gv . 1970, gv. 675.
192 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
berZnul eklesiaSi arsebobs erTmane-
Tis mimarT sruliad avtokefaluri
berZnuli sapatriarqoebi (konstantinop-
olis, aleqsandriis, ierusalimis), saar-
qiepiskoposoebi (eladis, kviprosis), da
maT garda arsebobs agreTve avtonomi-
uri berZnuli saeklesio erTeulebi (Te-
salonikis, aTonis) da sxv. analogiuri
md gom ar eob aa som xur e kle si aSi c .
sulieri TvalsazrisiT erTian da mTlian
somxur eklesiaSi arsebobdnen erTmane-
Tis mimarT avtokefaluri sapatriarqoebi
da sakaTalikosoebi (magaliTad, aRvan-
qis, anu albaneTis sakaTalikoso, daars-
da VI-VIII ss-Si, iarseba 1813 wlamde),
ierusalimis sapatriarqo (somxuri),
daarsda VI s-Si, gamoeyo centralur
somxur sakaTalikosos 1311 wels, ar-
sebobs amJamadac, aRTamaris sakaTali-
koso (1113-1895), kilikiis sakaTaliko-
so (arsebobs 1446 wlidan dRemde), kon-
stantinopolis sapatriarqo (somxuri,
arsebobs 1461 wlidan), Tu ra Tqma
unda, aRaras vityviT eCmiaZinis sapa-
triarqoze.
ze moT moyv anilidan gamomdinare,
yovelgvar safuZvelsaa moklebuli gancx-
adeba imisa, TiTqosda antioqiis patri-
arqis mixeilis qmedebaTa Sedegad `afx-
azeTis qarTuli eklesiis TviTmwysobis
ufleba Seilaxa, damoukidebloba mois-
po da ierusalim-antioqiis patriarqis
xelqveiTi Seiqmna~.523 es araswori mo-
sazrebaa. antioqieli patriarqis mixei-
lis Camosvlis Semdeg, rogorc iTqva,
dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTalikoso ar
damorCilebia ierusalim-antioqiis sapa-
triarqos, misi TavisTavadoba da TviTm-
wysobis ufleba ar SezRudula. XV-
XVIII ss-is uamravi dokumenti da masala,
romelic afxazeTis sakaTalikosodanaa
gamosuli, anda mas exeba, niSanwyalsac
ki ar Seicavs imisa, rom es sakaTaliko-
so ierusalim-antioqiis sapatriarqosadmia
daqvemdebarebuli. erTaderTi wyaro,
romelic TiTqosda aseTi mosazrebis
gamoTqmis nebas iZleva, aris Cveni gan-
saxilveli `mcnebaY sasjuloY~, romel-
ic, rogorc Cans, Zvel saqarTveloSi
ganixileboda ara viTarca iuridiuli,
aramed istoriuli xasiaTis dokumenti.
ase, magaliTad, Tuki e.w. `kaTalikozTa
samarTals~ samoqmedo iuridiuli xasi-
aTis dokumentad miiCnevdnen Semdgomi
drois kaTalikosebi da mas `ganaaxlebd-
nen~ kidec, e.i. mis Zalmosilebas Tavi-
anTi xelis moweriT da kvlav xelaxla
amtkicebdnen, `mcnebaY sasjuloYs~ xels
arc erTi imdroindeli episkoposi da
arc erTi Semdegi drois kaTalikosi ar
awers. am dokuments erTi xelismowera-
beWedi azis, albaT, kaTalikosad axal-
nakurTxi iovakimesi.
zemoT moyvanilidan gamomdinare, arc
aseTi gancxadebaa swori: `am saqcieliT
patriarqma mixeilma, bagrat mefem da
dadian-gurielma Samadavlam qarTveli
eris saukeTeso SvilTa da mTeli xalx-
is mier saukuneTa brZoliT monapovari,
qarTuli eklesiis Tavisufleba mospes
da gaanadgures~.52 4
qarTuli eklesiis Tavisufleba mar-
Tlac qarTveli eris saukeTeso SvilTa
saukunovani brZoliT miRweuli monapo-
varia, magram misi SebRalva, sabedni-
erod, ver SeZlo antioqielma patri-
arqma mixeilma, Tumca ki, rogorc Cans,
mas didi survili da mizanswrafvac hqo-
nia, rac gamomJRavnebulia imave doku-
mentSi _ `mcnebaY sasjuloYSi~. ker-
523 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani, III, gv. 338; 524 iqve, gv. 338.
193saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Zod, mixeils SeuTxzavs Teoria saqarTve-
los eklesiis mTlianobis dasarRvevad.
sxvaTa Soris, am Teorias amJamadac sia-
movnebiT imeorebs qarTuli eklesiis is-
toriis gadmocemisas ara erTi piri,
Tumca ki, cxadia, yovelgvari winaswar-
ganzraxvis gareSe. es Teoria SemdgomSi
mdgomareobs – TiTqosda wm. andria mo-
ciquli ganmanaTlebelia ara sruliad
saqarTvelosi, aramed mxolod misi dasav-
leTi nawilisa, amgvaradve wm. nino gan-
manaTlebelia ara sruliad saqarTvelo-
si, aramed mxolod misi aRmosavleTi
nawilisa (qarTlisa). es Teoria, rogorc
aRiniSna, XV s-Si SeTxza patriarqma
mixeilma, Zvel saqarTveloSi ki amis
Sesaxeb sxvagvari mosazreba hqondaT. iv.
javaxiSvili wers: `...giorgi mTawmide-
li da gansakuTrebiT efrem mcire, ruis-
urbnisis 1103 wlis saeklesio krebis
yvela sulisCamdgmeli da nikoloz kaTa-
likosi amtkicebdnen, rom andria mo-
ciqulma iqadaga `yovelsa queyanasa
saqarTveloYsasa~, xolo SemdegSi davi-
wyebuli qristianoba kvlav aRadgina wm.
ninom, romlis saswaulmoqmedebam da
qadagebam `miizida yoveli savseba yov-
lisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa~.525 nikoloz
kaTalikosic wm. ninos saerTo mociqu-
lad da ganmanaTleblad miiCnevda `Cuen
qarTvelTaYsa~.526 erTi sityviT, andria
mociqulica da wm. ninoc saerTo qarTuli
eklesiis damaarseblad da mTeli qarTveli
eris ganmanaTleblad iyvnen cnobilni.
saqarTvelos sxvadasxva nawilisaTvis
calke mqadageblebis arsebobis azri da
gamoZebnis survili ara hqoniaT, radgan
isini mTliani da ganuyofeli saqarTve-
los ganmtkicebisa da aRorZinebisaTvis
iRvwodnen. antioqiel-ierusalimeli pa-
triarqi mixeili swored am qarTvel sax-
elovan mecnierTa mier Seqmnilsa da
mTeli qarTveli erisagan Sesisxlxor-
cebul Semecnebas spobda~.527
qarTvelTa fsiqikuri erTobis am erT-
erTi gamoxatulebisaTvis safuZvlis
gamoclas Turme patriarq mixeilTan
erTad qarTveli didebulebic uwyobd-
nen xels, rogorc aRniSnavs iv. javax-
iSvili, es mas gasaocar saqmed miaCnia.
masve gamorkveuli aqvs T. Jordaniasa
da s. kakabaZis Sromebze dayrdnobiT,
rom `mcnebaY sasjuloY~ dawerili unda
iyos 1470-1474 wlebSi. amis safuZvels
iZleva is, rom ZeglSi moxseniebuli
Samadavla `bediani~ gaxda 1470 wels
da 1474 wels ki gardaicvala. im droi-
saTvis dasavleT saqarTveloSi arsebob-
da samTavro `sabedianos~ saxelwodeb-
iT, mis mTavars `bediani~ erqva. `mcnebaY
sasjuloYdan~ Cans, rom bediani didi
erisTavT-erisTavi Samadavla `dadian-gu-
rieli~ yofila, maSasadame, mas samegre-
los garda, guriac sWeria. SeiZleba
vifiqroT, rom am samTavros dedaqala-
qi bediaSi iyo. Cans, episkoposTa Soris
dedaqalaqis, e .i. bediis episkoposi yve-
laze metad gandidebula da mas preten-
zia ganucxadebia dasavleT saqarTvelos
(afxazeTis) sakaTalikoso taxtze. am
saqmeSi mas, rogorc aRvniSneT, anti-
oqieli mixeili daxmarebia, caiSel-
bedieli iovakime kaTalikosi gamxdara.
Cans, kaTalikosobis drosac misi Zir-
iTadi samyofeli ara biWvinTaSi, aramed
samTavros karze, e.i. bediaSi iyo. Tvi-
Ton `mcnebaY sasjuloY~ miuTiTebs,
rom namdvili afxazeTi, sadac biWvin-
Ta mdebareobs, im droisaTvis sarwmu-
noebriv kriziss ganicdida. patriarqi
525 ruis-urbnisis Zeglis wera, qronikebi, II, gv. 58; 526 saswaulni sveticxovelisa, iqve, gv. 40-43,69; 527 iv. javaxiSvili, t. III , gv. 340.
194 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mixeili amitomac miuTiTebda: `afxazebi
qristianobisagan sruliad midrekil
iyvnes, qristes mcnebaTagan ganSorebul
iyvnes~. 52 8 aRniSnulTa gamo unda vi-
fiqroT, rom mixeili miiRes ara biWvin-
TaSi, aramed mterTagan ufro dacul
qalaqSi, Cans, bediaSi. albaT, aqve aiy-
vanes sakaTalikoso taxtze iovakime ,
krebac aqve unda Catarebuliyo. cxadia,
afxazeTis sakaTalikoso mxolod sabe-
dianos ar moicavda, aramed srul dasav-
leT saqarTvelos, `mcnebaY sasjuloY-
Si~ gadmocemulia misi iurisdiqciis
sazRvrebi: ̀ lixTa amerisa, Woroxs aqaT,
ovseTsa aqaT, zRvaY pontoYsa aqaT, sada
didi biWuintisa sazRvari miawevs~.529
maSasadame, afxazeTis sakaTalikoso far-
glavda teritorias Savi zRvidan lixis
mTamde, Woroxidan kavkasiis qedamde. es
iyo sruliad dasavleTi saqarTvelo. ̀ lix-
Ta-ameri, odiSi, guria, afxazeTi~ _
rogorc es Zeglidan Cans.
am droisaTvis, rogorc aRniSnuli
iyo, saqarTvelos daSla-danawevrebas,
politikur urCobas, Tan daerTo xalx-
is zneobrivi dacema. aseT dros rogorc
sasuliero, ise saxelmwifo moRvaweebs
esaWiroebodaT msoflio qristianobis
burjTagan Semweoba da daxmareba. amit-
omac, cxadia, siamovnebiTa da sixaru-
liT miiRes antioqiel-ierusalimeli pa-
triarqi, romelmac `mcnebaY sasjuloY~
misca maT. ierusalim-antioqiis avtori-
teti xalxs zneobriv daxmarebas uwev-
da. `kanonikuri epistoles xasiaTi aqvs
im `sasjulTa mcnebas~, romelic XV s-
Si miucia afxazeTis sakaTalikososTvis
antioqia-ierusalimis patriarqs mixeils...
mcnebaSi gaTvalisiwinebulia Semdegi mux-
lebi: 1. `uxvedri an ukanono qorwine-
ba~... 2. `mruSoba~. .. 3. `marxvis Sere-
va~... 4. ̀ uqmeTa darRveva an axlis SemoRe-
ba~... 5. ̀ mRvdelmsaxurTa zneobrivi Tvise-
bani da movaleobani~. .. 6. `adamianis mkv-
leloba~... 7. `samonastro da saeklesio
mamulebis mitaceba~... 8. ̀ saeklesio kanon-
ebisa da samRvdeloebisadmi morCileba~.530
TviTon antioqieli patriarqi ̀ mcnebaY
sasjuloYSi~ aRniSnul kanonikur mux-
lebis CamoTvlas iwyebs mimarTviT mrev-
lisadmi: `ese qarta-werili TqvenTvis
aRvwere~. imdroindeli saqarTvelos sa-
zogadoeba daavadebuli iyo urCobis
seniT. urCoba iyo ZiriTadi mizezi qvey-
anaSi arsebuli politikur-zneobrivi
qaosisa. amitomac `qarta-werilis~ mux-
le bSi , Se iZle b a iTq v as , Z iriTadi
yuradReba eTmoba morCilebas. magaliTad,
i. doliZis dayofiT, me-8 muxli aseTia:
`aw Svilno Zmano da mamano gauwyebT da
gamcnebT: vinca da ramanca kacman qris-
tianeman anu didman da anu mcireman
patronsa uRalatos, anu usamarTlod
uorgulos, qriste RmerTi da sjuli
uaruyvies. egreTve usamarTloY orguli
meoreman nu Seiwynaros~.531 sxva mravali
muxli e ZRvn e b a p atronis , qv e ynis ,
mRvdelmTavrisadmi morCilebas. am mxriv,
uTuod Tavis droisaTvis didad sasarge-
blo kanonikuri xasiaTis Semcvelia gan-
saxilveli Z e gli, romelic , C an s ,
drodadro ivseboda an icvleboda kidec.
magaliTad, masSi uqme dRis darRveva-
daa miCneuli paraskevs `miwis areva~,
`es ukanaskneli SeniSvna unda iyos Sem-
degi drois interpretacia, osmalTa ze-
gavleniT Cadenili~.532 aqve ̀ marxvis Ser-
evadaa~ miCneuli `alajoris~ marxvis
528 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, III, gv. 222; 529 iqve , gv. 223; 530 k. kekeliZe, Zveli qarTuliliteraturis istoria, I, gv. 568; 531 q.s .Z., III , gv. 225; 532 k. kekeliZe, dasax. naSr ., gv. 568.
195saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
darRveva, `alajori~ somxuri eklesiis
praqtikaSi miRebuli marxva iyo, amitom
misi moxvedra ̀ mcnebaY sasjuloYSi~ gao-
cebas iwvevs da aRZravs fiqrs, natyuar
anda saxecvlil ZeglTan xom ar gvaqvs
saqme? yovel SemTxvevaSi, Zegli erT
raimes ueWvelad gviCvenebs, XV s-is
70-ian wlebSi qarTul saeklesio cen-
tralizebul erTobas bzari Seepara.
antioqiel patriarqs ki amisaTvis xeli
Seuwyia, dasavleT saqarTvelos ekle-
sias administraciuli damoukidebloba
moupovebia qarTlis (mcxeTis) sapatri-
arqosagan. magram sabolood antioqiel
patriarqs miznisaTvis ver miuRwevia.
marTalia, SesaZloa, amis Semdeg dasav-
leT saqarTvelos kaTolikosis kurTx-
evaSi mcxeTeli patriarqis neba Sesus-
tda, magram saeklesio-zneobrivi urT-
ierTdamokidebuleba or qarTul sakaTa-
likosos Soris ar darRveula. amas miu-
TiTebs e.w. `kaTalikosTa samarTali~,
romlis SemuSavebaSic saqarTvelos orive
kaTalikosi monawileobda.
`mcnebai sasjuloi~
[1470-1474 ww.]
mcnebaQ ese sasjuloQ, urwmunoTa momaqcevelida morwmuneTa ganmamtkicebeli da ganmamHnobeli,
yovelTa qristianeTaTvis movlenili zecisa qalaqisa ierusalimisaganda caTa mobaZvisa antioqiisa
[c]is mbadisagan arsTa yovelTa RmrTisa mamisa, Zisa da sulisa wmidisaTa,romeli Cuenisa xsnisaTvis caTa kamaraTagan ganzraxDTa mamisaTa Hsnisa CuenisaTDsgardamoxda. da saSoQ qalwulisa daimkDdra da iSva uqcevelad da iHsnna qmnilnixatad pirisa misisani qalwulisagan uqorwinebulisa iSva da daiTminna mizezni dayuedrebaQ, kicxevaQ, basrobaQ, jvarcmaQ da daflvaQ. guerca laxuriTa mowylul-man aRmogDcena ukvdavebaQ, romelsa Suenis didebaQ da pativi dausabamoQT TanamamiT, ZiT da suliT wmidiTurT.
[da] viTar ineba da igulsmodgina man, arsebiT miuwdomelman, da RmrTaebiTmmarTebelman sjulisa qristeanobisaman, da uxrwnelad da ubiwod mSobelman mis-man, da madlman zecisa qalaqisa ierusalimisaman da caTa mobaZvisa antioqiisaman,da movivline RmrTisa mier me, yovelTa narCevi, ierusalimisa da antioqiisapatriarqi mixael, moviwie didsa mas qristes samwysosa, mazebelsa ierusalimis-asa, saqarTvelosa.
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viTa saTanado ars mefeTa, dadianTa, aTabagTa, erisTavTa, amilaxorTa, dide-bulTa, aznaurTa da yovelTa qristes sjulisa mosavTa morwmuneTagan mokiTxuaQ,ganages mokiTxua sjulisa, saydarTa, monasterTa, omforisa da kaTalikoz-ebiskoposTa.
da moikiTxes, ZueliT vidre axladmde, RmrTivgDrgDnosanman bagrat da didmanerisTavTerisTavman dadian-gurielman Samadavla, misTa TavadTa TanadgomiTa dadidad RmrTisagan saTnod gamorCeulisa, pativ sarveiTanisa (/) RmerT-Semosil-isa [caiSel] - bedielisa iovakimisa.
iqmna gamoZiebaQ da mokiTxvaQ guarTa, davTarTa, da iadgarTa, da viTar-igipirvelad qarTlisa da afxa zeTisa kaTalikozni antioqi isa patri arxTag anikur[T]xeodian, da JamTa siZuelisagan da s[o]flisa siverageTagan iyunes mravalniwesni SeSliT da gardaqceviT, vnaxeT da SevemTxDen madlsa, viTarca meufisa,caiSel-bediel mTavarebiskopozisa iovakimisTa.
nebiTa da SewevniTa RmrTisaTa, da didisa da caTa mobaZavisa ierusalimisamadliTa, da caTamdis maRlisa kaTolike saydrisa antioqiisa RmrTismSobelisameoxebiTa, vakurTxeT kaTalikozi iovakim, marjuenaQ ierusalimisa, afxazeTisakaTalikozi da kurTxeulmca aris, davayene[T] da davsviT afxazeTs, saydarTamaT andria mociqulisaTa, yovelTa qristianeTa lixT-amersa, odiSisa, guri[i]sada afx azeTi sa . yov elTa urCTa da RmrTis a ara n eb is myofelad m yofTaTDsmomaqc[e]velad vakurTxeT.
da urCqmnil iyunes yovelni, da viTa saTnoebani ugulebels-eyunes ebiskopoz-Ta da moZRuarTa, mRdelTa da diakonTa, berTa da erTa, didad eSroma mas,marj[ue]nasa ierusalimisasa, kacsa RmrTisasa iovakims. da afxazeTi qristeano-bisagan sruliad midrekil iyunes, qristes mcnebaTagan ganSorebul iyunes.
aw gamovnaxeniT Zuelini Sromani wmidaTa nikelTa mamaTagani da, viTarca [saT]noQars sjuli RmrTisa, egreT morCil eqmeniT saTnod RmrTisagan gamorCeulsa, vi-Tarca mociqulsa pavles da andrias damorCildiT, ismneT, moiqeciT da SeinaneT.
da saTno eyveniT RmerTsa mefeni simarTliTa mefobisaTa, siwmidiT, mow-yalebiTa, mSvidobiTa siyuarulisaTa. Tavadni simarTlesa bWobdiT, siwmid-iT daicveniT Tavni Tquenni, obolni da qurivni SeiwyaleniT, viTarca ityDswinaswarmetyueli daviT - “oboli da qurivi Seiwyale da gzaQ codvisa araiyos Sen Tana”. da viTarca gamcnos [m]qadagebelTaman wmidaTa mociqulTaman,egreT ga nmxndiT.
da ebiskopozi lixTa amerisa, Woroxsa aqaT, ovseTsa aqaT, zRuaQ pontoQsaaqaT, sada didisa biWuintisa samzRvari miawevs, ebiskopozni ama ierusalimisamarjuenisagan kaTalikozisagan ikurTxeodin, [da miiRebdiT] kurTxevasa; da qad-agebasa missa [ismen]diT; jer-iyveniT da nu urC-eqmnebiT, raTa ikurTxneT mar-juenisagan RmrTisa.
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aw mamano, Zmano da Svilno! qristes saflavisa marjuena, lixT-amerisa daafxazeTisa kaTalikozi iovakim qristeanobis sjulisa mamagrebelad da damamtki-cebelad vakurTxeT, sjulisa da merjuleTa ufros da uxucesad vakurTxeT me,didisa da caTa mobaZvisa antioqiisa da ierusalimisa patriarqman mixail.
da ese qarta-werili TquenTDs aRvwere.1. qristes moyuareno, mamano da Zmano, visca qriste RmerTi giyuars da sjulsa
qristeanobissa morCilebT, kaTalikozisagan kurTxevas miiRebdeT. da vinca gul-iTa morCiliTa miiRoT kurTxevaQ kaTalikozisagan da morCil eqmneT, didisa misdausabamoQsa mamisa, Zisa da sulisa da didisa mis sapatriarqosa, caTa mobaZaviierusalimisa da antioqiisa madliTa kurTxeul iyveniT ama sofelsa xorciTa dasaukunosa _ suliTa; da maT sjulisa damamtkicebelTa SDdTa krebaTa madliTa, daoTxTa mqadagebelTa maxarebelTa madliTa, suliTa da xorciTa TaviTa da SvilTaSviliTi Svilamde, vidre ukunisamde amin iyavn.
2. vinca sjulisa msajulisa qristessa da qadagebulsa mona[Ta mi]sTasa urCeqmnaT, kurTxevisa wil moDdis Tquenda wyeva igi sodomisa da gomorisa; iyavndanTqma daTan da abironisi; segrs (sic) numc Seeswrebi dawvasa; zari daeces Tquenzeda guelboQs (sic) maTaebr; iyveniT wyeul, SeCuenebul caTa Sina, queyanasa zeda;krul Tquen da sacxovari Tqueni, saxli, yana, venaxi; sayofelTa TquenTa numcaipoebis mkDdri; caQ risxviT, queyana mwuxarebiT TquenTDs, romelTa ara irwmunoTsityuaQ qartad dawerili ese; daiwyeos nayofi Tqueni, viTarca unayofoQ igileRD; SeiCueneniT viTarca simon mogD, viTarca arioz, romelman ganxia kuarTiuflisa iDQsi; da wyeul viTarca makedonis sulisa wmidisa mgmobari, da evTibiosda apolonios.
3. da vinca saydarTa, monasterTa da eklesiaTa mamcrobelni da meuhveni iyvneTda kaTalikozisa brZanebasa urC eqmnaT, viTarca-igi pirvelni xelmwifebani zeciTgardamoiTxines da RmrTisa risxDTa quesknels STaiyarnes, nawili maTi iyos maTTana; iqmnebismca nawilad maTda bneli gareskneli, matli uZili, cecxli uSreti,RrWenaQ kbilTa, tirili, unugeSinicemoQ; sada ars bneli gareskneli aris-mcasamkDdrebelad maTda gamouxsnelad suliTa da xorciTa ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.
4. anu mefeTa, anu mTavarTa, anu aznaurTa, anu aznauris SvilTa, anu msaxurTa,anu glexTa, anu mTavardiakonTa, anu diak[o]nTa, anu saxarebaQ diakonTa, anukerZoQ diakonTa, anu moxeleTa, anu xelis mqonebelTa, anu didTa, anu mcireTayovelive urCqmnili wyeul, SeCuenebulmca aris suliTa da xorciTa.
5. morCilni sjulisani da Tanamdgomni sarwmunoebisani kurTxeul iyavn ukunisamde.6. Zmano da mamano amisTDs gamcneb da gauwyeb, raTa romeli juars-ecua,
daefla, aR[s]dga, igi mxoloQ ufali ieso qriste SeiyuaroT yovliTa guliTaTqueniTa, romelman sisxliTa TDsiTa moiy[i]da adam, naTesaviTurT misiT; da
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ganhbrwyindeT viTarca mze, naTliTa qristesiTa; saukunod sufevde winaSe RmrTi-sa; ese sofeli warmaval ars da saukunoQ waruval.
aw yovelTa SeiyuareT qristes sjuli da qristeman Tquen Segiyuarnes yovelni.moiqeciT brZanebasa da qadagebulsa qristes marjuenis, lixTa amerisa RmrTisameorisa mociqulis pavles Tanamosagris iovakimisi.
7. da vinaiTgan igulsmodgina RmerTman, da jer-iCina Cuenisa xsnisaTDs dasjulisa qristeanobisa damkDdrebisTDs da damtkicebisaTDs, RmrTisa brZanebiTaCuen, didisa caTa mobaZavisa saydrisa antioqiisa da ierusalimisa patriarqmanmixail, nebiTa RmrTisaTa, viTarca ufalman Cuenman ieso qristeman andriasmociqulsa TDTa saufloQTa xeliTa Semosa TDsi sameufoQ bisoni, da akurTxa, awSemdgomad missa vakurTxeT kaTalikozi iovakim da sjulisa da merjuleTa Tavad dauxucesad dagDmtkicebies.
da aRiwera qarta ese Cem mier.aw Svilno, Zmano da mamano! gauwyebT da gamcnebT:8. vinca da ramanca kacman qristianeman, anu didman da anu mcireman, patronsa
uRalatos, anu usamarTlod uorgulos, qriste RmerTi da sjuli uaruyofies;egreTve usamarTloQ orguli meoreman nu Seiwynaros.
9. vinca da romelman sjulisa da kaTalikozisa urCad uxuedri coli SeirTos,anu svinaQ, anu meyvisi, anu rZali, anu biZis coli, anu xucis colsa codos, anudiakonisa colsa Tana codos, anu mTavar-diakvanisa colsa Tana codos, anuswavlulisa kacisa colsa Tana codos da Seginebulsa sawolsa zeda daawDnos,amaT yovelTa usjuloebaTa moqmedi krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars suliTa daxorciTa, amin.
10. da Tu ar RmrTisa uarismyofelni xarT, mekobresa xucessa moarCobdiT.11. vinca anu dedis-nacualsa, anu dedobilsa Tana codos, wyeul, krul da
SeCuenebulmca aw da ukunisamde.12. vinca Zma moklas, qriste RmerTi uaruyofies da nawili maTi aRixocnen
ukunisamde.13. anu Tvisi da anu sxuaQ moklas, krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars.14 . da romelmanca ik adros moci qulTa marx vaT a oTx Sa baT-para ske vT a,
romelica xsnili ar iyos da Serios, anu micvalebisa marxva, martvilTa kidevin Wkuianman Serios wueliTa anu xorciTa xsnilTagan kide, krulmca ars caTaSina da queyanasa zeda.
15. da romelmanca weliwadTa Sina romelnic uqmni ganuwesebies wmidaTa kre-baTa da ara isminos da TDsiTa nebiTa uqmobdes, wyeulimca ars wmdaTa krebaTagan.
16. vinca Seundoblad dabeWdili kaTalikozisgan da qorebiskopozisagan eklesiagaxsnas, Seundoblad krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars maTi xucesi da eri maTi.
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17. romelmanca wmidaTa krebaTgan ganaCeni da ganawesi sjuli magrad aradaiWiros da Secodeba dauwyos, RmerTman wyeviT miagos saqmeTa maTaebr; wyeulimcaars sjulisa uarismyofelTa Tana.
18. vinca sjulisa Semcode patronman ar misces ebiskopossa da qorebiskopozsasasjulod ar mianebos da sasjulod mosakiTxavad sofeli ar daanebos, da Zali armisces, ima soflisa codva man gardaiHados da Seundobelmca ars.
19. vinca ama mcnebaTa ar dasjerdeT da kaTalikozsa da qristes sjulsa urC-eqmnaT, krul, wyeul da SeCuenebul iyaviT RmrTisa dausabamoQsa madliTa, mamisa,Zisa da sulisa wmidisa madliTa, ierusalimisa madliTa, antioqiis madliTa,amin, TaviTa, SviliTa, vidre SviliT Svilamde.
20 . damm amtkicebelni da sjulis a m ama gre belni, da ieso qristes erT-gulni, eb iskoposTa, moZRvarTa, mRdelTa da monazonTa pativiscemelni darjulisa mamagrebelni, obolTa da qurivTa, glaxakTa da davrdomilTa mow-yaleni da Semweni da Semwynarebelni kurTxeulmca arian caTa Sina da queyanasazeda , suliTa da xorcTa Tav iTa da SviliTa , vi dre ukunis am de , RmrTis adausabamoQsa piriTa, amin.
21. da amasca gamcneb da gauwyebT Svilno da Zmano Cemno: vinaTgan RmrTis-moyuareni, da erTgulni, RmrTisa marTlmadidebel[n]i, da ZrwoliT da SiSiTTayuanismcemelni WeSmaritad da marTlmadideblobiT aRiarebT da Tayuaniss-cemT saxelsa mis mosamarTlisa gare Semouwerelsa [da] tkbilsa da mraval-mowyales a RmerTsa daus abamoQsa, mamas a, Zesa da wmidasa [sulsa], nu Tana-mzraxvel eqmnebiT ama ukanasknelisa sicrueTa da siverageTa, aramed morCileqmneniT brZanebasa RmrTisasa.
22. viTarca andria mociqulman urwmunoni sarwmunoebad moaqcina da sjulsada sarwmunoebasa zeda daamtkica, mas Jamsa odes qristeman RmerTman Cuenman xsnisaCuenisa da moqcevisaTDs moavlina TDsiTa sameufoTa Sesamosli[Ta], porfir-bison-oqrovaniTa, samosliTa el[variT]a da SuqmiuaCrdilebeliTa Semosa da,saxed da [sa]muqfod mociqul, naTlisa maxarobelad kaTalikozad daayena, rameTumisisa brZanebisa qadagebiTa moiqces Temni, qalaqni da queyanani ese CrdiloeTi-sani, vidre nino qarT[lisa] dedaman moaqcina qarTli, misTa samzRvarTa aqaTwm idam an a n[dria mociq ulma n] n aTliTa m iuCrdilebeliTa g an an aTln[a daganas]unnela yovelni morCilni sjulisani.
aw, msgavsad missa, vakurTxeT da davamtkiceT sjulisa Tavad kaTalikoziiovakim, [viTarca] qriste RmerTi Tavi ars eklesiaTa.
23. aw, Svilno, Zmano da mamano Cem[no mo]rCil eqmeniT mwyemsisa mis saxierisnacvlad [RmrTisa mier] movlenilsa, raTa marad pirmetyuel[ad sam]wysod
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gam[o]sCndeT, da SeikribneT baksa zecisa [arvi]zsasa, da ara iqmneT [Se]saWmelmgelTa mZDn[vareTa], da ara SegemTxDos gan[sacde]li, viTarca-igi maSin, romelniu[rC eq]mnnes andria mociqulsa, [romelmanca mouv]lina RmrTisagan mrisx[ane]angelozi da Secvalna [yovelTav]e maT urCTa saxli s[ac]xovari, kaciTgan mi-pirutyuTamde, vidre moiqceodes.
da Semdgomad sarwmu[noebad] moyuanebisa maT[Ta mo]avlina RmerTman angelozi[mSvidob]iTa da wyalobiTa, [da yoveli] naTesavi kacTa naTl[iTa gamouTqmel-iTa a]Rivso, saxlni d[a sayofe]lni maTni, keTiliTa mo[uk]lebeliTa. sacxovarn[isimravliTa aR]ivsnes da saukune keTilad [w]ar[e]marTnes, naTliTa aRs[a]v[se]d.
24. aw Tq uenca gulsm [odgi ne]biT a, si mSDdiT[a da krZaluleb]iTa guls-modginebiT[a aRmsrulebe]l eqmeniT b[Zanebasa] RmrTisasa da RmrTisa mociqul[isa]meor[is]a, aw, axl[isa ierusalim]isa mamag[rebe]lsa da qristes safl[avisa, dasruliad] lixTa ameris[a da afx]azeTisa kaTalikozs iova]kims.
25. da yovelTa Sendoba [da wirv]aQ mi[i]ReT, raTa aqaca [kurTxeul] iyvneTda saukunesca [kurT]xeul giwodos ufalman Cuenman ieso qristeman, dResa masgankiTxvisa da zaris asaxdel[sa, raTa] gamosCnde Zed naTlisad da gangaZliern[esTque]n sarwmunoebasa amas da [mtki]cesa zeda mazebel[isa], aRmasrulebelni dada[m]amtkicebelni, [raTa ara mi]gigos Tualuxavman man, dResa mas didsa zarisasaxdelsa, viTarmed warvediT[T Ce]mgan wyeulno bnelsa [ga]resknelsa da cecxl[sa]uSretsa wyudiadi[sasa]; aramed daiceviT ese mcneba.
26. [da romelman a]ra irwmunos da [ar]a gulsmodgined daicva[s] mcneba ese,iyos wyeul da SeCuenebul mamisagan, Zisagan da sulisa wmidisagan, viTarca zemoTweril ars, amin meameneTa, da iyavn wmidaTa angelozTa [mier] ukunusamde daukuniTi ukunisamde.
27. aw kualad ismineT ebiskopozTa [da qor]ebiskopozTa viTarca wmidTakrebaTa ganaCines, [egreT] uTnevarad dadegiT, nu vis aTnev, samwysoQ Seni swavliTda magrad daiWireT, raTa meored mosvlvasa TquenTgan ar iTxoos sityDs migeba.
28. egr[eTve moZ]RuarTa : wesierebiT, qristes siyuaruliTa Tquen, [sam]wysodm[o]wafiT[u]rT, SeiyuareT sjuli qristesi da Tavi TDsi dadev cxovarTa TD-sTaTDs, viTarca mwyemsman saxierman, raTa ara yovelTa codva xelTagan SenTaiZios, da ukanasknelTa maT Zrwola da aRmofSDnvasa da daisajo.
29. mRdelTa : marTalTa nebis-myofelad nu cru-winaswarmetyuel, [aramed]daicevi Tavi Seni siZvisagan, tacebisagan, sixarbisagan, didis sicilisagan, mTural-obisagan da gardarevisagan, romeli ara jer-ars moweseTagan.
30. miec ersa umecarsa marxvaQ, raQca wmidaTa krebaTa gaaCines marxvad,mi ec mtkiced da gautexelad uqm i uqmad, v iTa sweria gaC eniT sa eklesioTadavTarTa Sigan.
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31. da romelmanca ebiskopozman, gina qorebiskopozman, anu moZRuarman, ginaxucesman ara guliTa marTliTa daicvas mcnebaQ ese da ersa ara uqadagos sarwmu-noeba da kaT[a]likozisa brZanebasa zeda momWirned da ZalmicemiT ar idges, krulwyeul da SeCuebulmca ars aw da ukunisamde; krulmca ars RmrTisa dausabamoQsa-gan T[a]viTa, SviliTa da yovliTa misiTa, raodenica raQ ars sofliTgansaukunodmde ukunisamde.
32. da ukeTu vinca mefeTa, TavadTa, aznaurTa da aznaurisSvilTa, moxeleTa,mouravTa, xelisufalTa, didTa da mcireTa, mdidarTa da glaxakTa, yovelTa,[romelTa] ese mcneba, RmrTisa mier wmidaTa krebaTagan ganaCeni, qristes RmrTisamier marTlmadidebelTa sasurveli simtkice da sawadeli, da mwvalebelTaTDssakdemeli sjuli ara aRiaros, ara irwmunos, da mtkiced ar gulsmodginos, damagrad ar ipyras, da sxuaTaca ar uqadagos, krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca arsrisxDTa RmrTisa dausabamoQsa mamisa, Zisa da wmidisa sulisaQTa.
33. romeli xucesi cudad zRaprobdes, anu cudad metyuelebdes, anu wessaa klebde s s am wysoTa sofelTa da quey an aT a , da m isi sa s amre vloQs a codv akaTaliko[z]sa da qorebiskopo[z]sa ar gamoucxados, anu natacebsa col-qmarTagDrgDni ukurTxos, anu iparos, anu uxvedrTa col-qmrTa Sendoba misces, anu misTasamrevloTa marxDsa revaQ uqmisa revaQ Seundos da raQca mRdelobisa saqme Sec-odebiT daiWiros, _ wirvisagan aRixocos da wirva misi Seuwiravi iyos, sadamdiskaTalikozisa moxsenebiTa da gagonebiTa ar ganikanonos.
34. egreTve, vinca da ramanca kacman monasterTa da saydarTa mamuli moigos,iurvos, anu vin mouravad da mosaqmed Semovides,_krul, wyeul da SeCuenebu[l]RmrTis dausabamoQsa piriTa, SDdTa krebaTa madliTa; numca ixssnebis suliTajojoxeTisagan, nuca wirviTa, nuca glaxakTa micemiTa, nuca ierusalims warslviTa,itanjebodes gamouxsnelad ukunisamde.
35. vinca uxuedri coli SeirTos, anu svinasa, anu meyDssa Se[e]xos, anu Zmiscolsa, anu SeirTos, anu biZis coli SeirTos, anu ra ginda uxuedri coliSeirTos kaTalikozisa a[R]uareblad, qristes uarismyofelTa Tanamca ars nawilimisi, aw da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.
36. vinca uqmTa weliwadissa da SabaTsa, cxra JamiTgan orSabaTsa ganTenebad-mde, scodebdes, da paraskevsa miwas revdes, da wmidaTa krebaTagan ganaCeni uqmnidReni krZalviT da magrad ar Seinaxnes, misTDs ganwesebul ars risxuaQ RmrTisa,matli uZili, cecxli uSreti, RrWena kbilTa, mrisxaneni angelozni mas zeda; daara aqus naSromsa missa baraqaQ; nayofi misi misTDs urgeb.
37. kualad vinca Sescodos wmidaTa marxuaTa da xelyos Secodeba, gina oTxSa-baT-paraskevTa, gina qristes Sobis marxuaTa, anu RmrTis-mSoblisa micvalebisamarxuaTa, vin ginda Sescodos, gina petres da pavles, romel ars petre-pavlobismarxvaQ, martDlTa reguenTa kide;
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38. da vin uxuedri coli SeirTos Seundobeli da kaTalikozisa brZanebiTa argaeyaros da urCad daudges, gina sasjulosa saqmesa zeda Zali ar misces, dausjuloTa Semwe eqmnas, gina meyvisobisaTDs, gina qrTamisaTDs anu SexvewisaTDs;
anu marxua[sa] revdes, raQca wmidaTa krebaTa ga[a]Cines amas zeda, magrad arimarxvides marTlad, anu uqmTa revdes, anu marTlad ar Seinaxos da wmidaTakrebaTgan gaCenili Seuracxyos, da kaTalikozisa brZanebasa ara morCilebdes;
gina monasterTa damcrobasa moiWirvos TavisTDs gina sxuaTaTDs iurvos, anusxuaTa uurvos, anu mterobisaTDs, anu meorisa moyurobisaTDs, gina qrTamisaaRebisaTvis ra ginda ra gamoaxos gina glexi mosaxle gina saWurWle, gina kaci,gina jogi, gina didi, gina cotaQ, da ar miRma Sematebdes;
kaTalikozisa sityuasa da brZanebasa ar damorCildeT, da ese, cneba ara daic-vad, da ara guliTa wmidiTa aRiaroT da ZalmicemiT ar daiWirvoT da arairwmunoT, _ gina mefeTa, gina TavadTa, gina didebulTa, gina aznaurTa, ginaebiskoposTa, gina qorebiskopozTa gina moZRuarTa, gina mRdelTa, gina diakonTa,gina msaxurTa, gina glexTa, gina mamaTa, gina dedaTa, gina didTa, gina mcireTa,vin ginda vin es mcneba ar irwmunoT, da kaTalikozsa ar damorCil eqmnas, da viTaese aRwerili mogviTxrobs marxvaTa ganaCensa da esreT ara imarxos;
39. weliwadTa Sina oTxSabaT-paraskevi esreT ganixsnebis: yovelTa oTxSabaT-paraskevTa, viTarca didTa marxv[a]Ta, jer-ars marxvaQ, ukeTu saufloQ dResaswauliara daxudes, anu saCinoTa wmidaTa, romelsa taZarsa Sina Sekrebulni erni dResaswau-loben; qristes Soba msgefsamde xsnili ars; migebeba xsnili ars; zadikTa ganzogebaxsnil ars; amaRlebisa wina dRe xsnili ars, oTxSabaT-paraskevi ara; axal kDriakexsnili ars msgefs[a]mde; sulis wmidisa moslvisa msgefsamde xsnili ars; alajorTkviriake da yuelierisa kviriake xsnili ars monozonTaTDs da eriskacTaTDs.
amaT gareT oTxSabaT-paraskevi ara ganixsnebis. da romelman ganxsnas, saSinelisatanjuelni ganmzadebul arian maTTDs RmrTisagan, da kanonsa queSe iqmnebianuziarebelni, da eklesias ar SeiSvebis viTarca urCi RmrTisa.
egreTve wmidisa giorgisi Tavadi dResaswauli aprilsa ocdasamsa maTTDs xs-nili ars, vin eklesias mividen. vin ar mivides, ver ganxsnis noenbersa i.
da uqmni, werilsa Sina, viTarca saeklesioTa wignTa krebaTgan ganCenilmanamcnos, egreT.
40. da vin ori coli erTad SeirTos, gina deda-Svili mama-SvilTa SeirTos,gina ori dani orTa ZmaTa SeirTon, anu vis coli moukudes, colisa asuliSeirTos, anu vin colisa deda, romel ars sidedri, SeirTos, anu meyDsi SeirTos,anu vin coli uxuedri SeirTos, anu vin rZali SeirTos, gina Se[e]xos, gina dobilianu dedobili SeirTos, didman gina mcireman, gina xucesi, bilwi iyos da Seaginosxorcni TDsni sxuasa diacsa Tana, gina mxevali isvas da Jamis-wirvad ikadros, _
203saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
vin ese mcnebani da swavlani, sasuliero da saxorcielo, yovliTa guls-modginebiTa da guliTa uyalboQTa da utyuvariTa ara aRiaros, ar daicvas da araSeinaxos, da urC eqmnas ama swavlasa wmidaTa krebaTagan ganaCensa da damtkicebul-sa, da kaTalikozsa urC-eqmnas : mefeni, gina Tavadni, aznaurni, gina aznaurisS-vilni, msaxurni, gina glexni, ebiskopozni, gina qorebiskopozni, moZRuarni, ginamRdelni, gina diakon[n]i, moxeleni xelisufalni, didni gina mcireni, yovelniurCqmnilni wyeul da SeCuenebulmca arian RmrTisa dausabamoQsa piriTa, romelmanSeqmna saukuneni;
krulmca ars samkDdrebeli maTi, suli da xorci misi; krul, wyeul da SeCueneb-ulmca ars saxli samyofi misi;
krul, wyeul da SeCuenebulmca ars patiosnisa da cxovelsmyofelisa juaris-agan, romelsa zeda ganipyrna uxrwnelni xelni TDsni xsnisaTDs Cuenisa qristemanRmerTman Cuenman;
wyeulmca ars wmidaTa zecisa ZalTagan; wyeulmca ars wmidisa iovane naTlism-cemelisgan; krul, wyeulmca ars wmidaTa da yovladqebulTa mociqulTagan; krulmcaars SvidTa krebaTgan;
wyeulmca ars yovelTa RmrTisa wmidaTagan, romelni saukuniTgan saTno-eyunesufalsa Cuensa ieso qristesa, da awca saTno yofad arian.
41. ama mcnebaTa urCqmnilni da Seuracxis-myofelni krul da SeCuenebulmcaarian caTa da queyanisagan, xorciTa da suliTa, TviTa da coliTa, SviliTa daSvilis SviliTa, misiTa erdguliTa;
arismca misTDs ese sofeli mokle da usargeblo; arismca coli misi quriv damwuxare, Svilni misni obol, Seryeul da dacvivnebul, viTarca marTueni yornisani;unayofomca ars yana, saTesvi ara ars Teslisa gamomRebel, mamuli misi unayofo-mca da nu Seikrebs misgan nayofsa;
wyeulimca aris misi cxeni, zroxa da yoveli sacxovari; numca epoebis saxlisamisisagan sanugeSinismcemo.
krulmca ars Tavi misi mxarTa misTa zeda; krulmca ars, mxarni misni welTamisTa zeda; krulmca ars welni misni TeZoTa misTa zeda; krulmca ars TeZoniwyDlTa misTa zeda; krulmca ars wyDlni misni muxlTa misTa zeda; krulmca arsmuxlni misni koWTa misTa zeda: krulmca ars koWni misni ferxTa misTa zeda; kruliaferxi misi miwaTa, adgilTa da samyofTa zeda; krul ars igi adgili misTDs, sadadadgen ferxni misni; krul ars Tualni misni saxedvelad da mxedvelad; krulmcaars piri misi purisa mWamelad, ena metyuelad, xelni saqnelad, ferxni savlelad,guli saqmisa gasagoneblad; krulmca ars igi da misi gasagis[i], misi gasagebelisxvaman miiRos; kruli ars misi sicocxle, kruli ars misi sik[u]dili; krul arsmisi saflavi, sada daeflvis.
204 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
numca ixsnebis suliTa da xorciTa, TaviTa da coliTa da SviliTa da yovl-iTa misiTa gasagebeliTa; numca ixsnebis wirviTa ebiskoposTa da mRvdelTaTa;numca ixsnebis ierusalems waslviTa, nuca locviTa molozonTaQTa, nuca glax-akTa micemiTa, nuca mSierTa ganZRomiTa; ara ra quelis saqme ergos mas; yoveliv-emca usargebloQ ars misTDs.
42. vinca ese mcnebaQ da swavlaQ ara aRiaros, ara irwmunos da ara WeSmarite-biT aRasrulos, iyos nawilad misad, sad ars tanjviT samyofi, qristes uarismy-ofelTa, bneli wyudiadi, ganunaTlebeli, vaebiT aRsavse, cecxli uSreti, matliuZili, tartarozi, glovaQ unugeSiniscemoQ, da RrWenaQ kbilTa, nisli wyudiadi,saburveli TualTa myofTa fskerTa jojoxeTisaTa; numca ars xsna da gamoxsna maTmier vidre ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin, amin, amin.
43. qristianeni marTlmadidebelni, rjulisa mamtkicebelni RmerTman akurTxnes.beWedi : biWvintisa RuTis-mSoblisa saWeT-mpyrobeli k~zi.53 3
533 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, 1970, t. III, gv . 221-233.
205saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Cveni didi mematiane batoniSvili vax-
uSti wers XVI s-is bolosa da XVII s-
is dasawyisSi Seqmnili viTarebis Sesax-
eb: `JamTa amaT Sina iqmna ganteveba
colTa, kvla kacTa da idumal tyvis
yidva da ujeroni sjulsa zeda mravalni
imereTsa Sin a . a m isaTv is Se krb n e n
qarTlisa kaTalikosi malaqia, afxazTa
kaTalikosi evdemon da yovelni episko-
posni imereT-odiSisani. xolo episko-
posni eseni iyvnen : quTaTeli svimon,
genaTeli antoni, Wyondideli, bedieli,
moqveli, drandeli filipe, cagereli
kozman, xoneli zaqaria, nikorwmindeli
ioakim, CaiSeli kvirile, amaT ganaCines
moqmedTa maTTvis jerovani Serisxvani,
dawernes da SeaCvenes moqmedni misni,
viTarca gauwyebs aRwerili maTi~.534
marTlac, Cvenamde moRweulia qarTu-
li saeklesio samarTlis Zegli, cno-
bili `kaTalikosTa samarTlis~ saxeliT,
romelSic gadmocemulia XVI s-Si Semd-
gari saeklesio krebis dadgenileba: `sa-
marTali kaTalikosTa. q. saxeliTa RvTi-
saTa me, qristes mier kurTxeulman yov-
lisa saqarTveloYsa patriarqman mala-
qia, me, qristes mier kurTxeulman afxa-
zeTis kaTalikosman mamaT-mTavarman ev-
demon, davsxediT da SevkribeniT yovelni
episkoposni afxazeTisani. da didi siy-
mili movida codvaTa CvenTagan, mravalni
uwesoba da ujero saqme Semovida: kacis
kvla, kacis syidva, eklesiis krexva da
uxvedroba. davideviT sjulis kanoni da
Cvenica imisagan gamoviReT da raca imi-
sagan ar gamoviReviT, Cven Cveni magieri
biWvinTis saeklesio kreba (1543-1549)
ara Segvimatebia ra. da sjulis kanoni-
ca asre brZanebs~.535
am dadgenilebaSi sjulis samarTlis
muxlebi damtkicebulia saeklesio kre-
bis mier. krebam daloca yoveli aRm-
srulebeli am kanonebisa: `vinc es mo-
ciqulTa da wmidaTa krebaTagan ganwese-
buli da Cven mier damtkicebuli sjuli
da wigni gaaTaos kurTxeva RvTisa, ubi-
wod mSobelisa misisa da wmidaTa kre-
bulTagan da wmidaTa mociqulTa da
yovlad wmidaTagan~...536
krebam iqve dakrula araRmsrulebe-
li krebis dadgenilebebisa: `vinca am
wmida krebaTa mociqulTagan ganwesebu-
li da Cven mier damtkicebuli ar Seiw-
ynaros da kaTolikes saydarzed dasmulsa
winaaRudges da Cveni mcneba ar daima-
rxos, krulmca aris caTa Sina da qveya-
nasa zeda wmidaTa krebulTagan, wmidaTa
mociqulTagan da yovelTa wmidaTagan~.537
kaTalikosTa samarTali, rogorc es
Zeglis Sesavalidanac Cans, Sedgenilia
ara erTi kaTalikosis, aramed sruliad
saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqisa da
afxazeTis kaTalikosis mier, aseve damt-
kiceba biWvinTis iadgarisa, romelic
`kaTalikosTa samarTlis~ damatebad mi-
iCneva, evaleboda qarTlis kaTalikoss
afxazeTis kaTalikosTan erTad, aqedan
Cans, rom qarTuli eklesia miuxedavad
urTulesi politikuri viTarebisa XVI-
XVIII ss-Si, sulierad mTliani iyo.
antioqieli patriarqis mixeilisa da
sxvaTa mcdelobas, gaeyoT saqarTvelos
eklesia, mosalodneli Sedegi ar mohyo-
534 qarTlis cxovreba, IV, 1973, gv. 824; 535 q.s.Z., I, 1963, gv. 393; 536 iqve, gv. 396; 537 iqve, gv. 397.
206 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
lia. kvlavindeburad mcxeTeli patri-
arqis avtoriteti dasavleT saqarTvelo-
Si maRalia, rasac miuTiTebs Cvengan ganx-
iluli krebis mier gamocemuli doku-
menti. Tumca, isic unda aRiniSnos, rom
XVI s-is dasawyisidan dasavleT saqarTve-
los kaTalikosebi ukve iTavisebdnen pa-
triarqis tituls. iqamde, rogorc cno-
bilia, saqarTveloSi kaTalikos-patri-
arqi mxolod erTi iyo, rezidenciiT mcx-
eTaSi. XVI s-is Semdeg, saqarTvelos
politikur daqucmacebulobas Tavisi
asaxva mohyva saeklesio cxovrebaSic.
cnobi-lia, rom daSlis Semdeg, qarT-
lis, kaxeTis, imereTis mefeebi TavianT
Tavs `sruliad saqarTvelos mefeebs~
uwodebdnen (garkveul dromde). amiT isini
mianiSnebdnen, rom ar cnobdnen saqarTve-
los saxelmwifos daSlas, cdilobdnen
mis gaerTianebas piradi meTaurobiT.
msgavsadve, dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTa-
likosebi patriarqis tituliT TavianT
Tavs sruliad saqarTvelos uzenaes suli-
er pirvel ierarqad miiCnevdnen, rogorc
es afxazeTis kaTalikos grigol lorT-
qifaniZis biWvinTisadmi miZRvnil Sewir-
ulebis wignis damamtkicebeli beWdis
warweridan Can s : `grigol mwye msi
qristesmier yovlisa saqarTvelos kaTa-
likozi~ (1712 w.). igive kaTalikosi bi-
WvinTisadmi sxva Sewirulobis wignSi
Tavis Tavs `CrdiloeTisa da afxazeTis
kaTalikozs~ uwodebs.538 cnobilia, rom
ZvelqarTul saistorio geografiaSi ter-
mini `CrdiloeTi~ da termini `saqarTve-
lo~ identuri terminebi iyo. `Crdilo-
eTs~ (zogjer `aRmosavleTs~) saqarTve-
los uwodebdnen. patriarqis titulis
miniWebiT, Cans, dasavleT saqarTvelos
kaTalikoss sruliad saqarTvelos ek-
lesiis kanonier mamamTavrad warmoaCend-
nen, iseve, rogorc vTqvaT, imereTis me-
feebi sruliad saqarTvelos mefeebad
warmoaCendnen TavianT Tavs. imereTis mefe
bagrati 1545 wlis sigelSi Tavis Tavs
`mefeTamefes~ uwodebs da `lixT-amer-
isa da lixT-imeris~ cixisTavebs ubrZa-
nebs, daamtkicon mis mier gacemuli sige-
li.539 `mefeTamefis~ titulis miniWebiT
imereTis mefeebi TavianT Tavs warmoad-
gendnen sruliad saqarTvelos kanonier
mefeebad, aseTive politikuri Sinaarsi
edo dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTalikos-
Ta mier patriarqis titulis miniWebas.
SemdgomSi, maT titulaturaSi bolomde
rCeba es wodeba. magram mainc qarTlis
kaTalikosebi uzenaes sasuliero av-
toritetebad da upirveles mamtkicebel
rjulmdeblebad miiCneodnen dasavleT
saqarTveloSic. magaliTad, biWvinTis iad-
garSi, romelsac xeli moaweres da Tan-
daTanobiT daamtkices dasavleT saqarTve-
los (afxazeTis) kaTalikosebma: malaqia
abaSiZem (1519-1532), evdemon CxetiZem
(1543-1575), efTvimi I sayvareliZem (1578-
1605), malaqia II gurielma (1605-1639),
maqsime I maWutaZem (1628-1657), zaqaria
qvarianma (1657-1659), svimon I CxetiZem
(1659-1666), daviT nemsaZem (1667-1682),
nabrZanebia imis Sesaxeb, rom, rogorc
aRiniSna, es dokumenti unda daamtki-
cos qarTlis kaTalikosmac: `da Tqven
wmidano mefeno, mRvdelT-mTavarno, afx-
azeTisa da qarTlis kaTalikosno, Tqvenca
asreT daumtkiceT~.540 Tumca, zogierTi
ucxouri wyaro ̀ qvemo iberiis arqiepisko-
poss~ (ase uwodeben isini afxazeTis kaTa-
likoss) ufros, uxuces pirvelierar-
qad miiCnevs `zemo iberiis arqiepisko-
posTan~ SedarebiT.
538 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, III, gv. 769; 539 samarTlis Zeglebi, II, gv. 189; 540 iqve, gv. 182.
207saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
biWvinTis saeklesio krebis mier
gamocemuli `kaTalikosTa samarTlis~
kanonTa teqsti i. doliZis dayofiT Se-
icavs 23 muxls, dalagebulia garkveu-
li TanamimdevrobiT: 1-li muxli kacis
yidva-gayidvas exeba, me-2_6 muxlebi
eklesiis gatexas, qurdobasa da kacis
kvlas, me-7_15 muxlebi episkoposis mier
da episkoposis winaaRmdeg Cadenil dan-
aSauls, me-16 muxli _ mefis Ralats,
me-17_18 muxlebi _ kaTalikosisa da
episkoposis Seuracxyofas da uRirsi
mRvdlis kurTxevas, me-19 muxli _ saq-
mis mrudad gamoZiebasa da damnaSavis
gasamarTlebas, me-20 muxli saeklesio
mamulebis datacebas, 21-e muxli _
sjuldebis Sesrulebas, 22-e muxli _
rZlis SerTvas da ukanaskneli 23-e muxli
_ colis ubralod dagdebas~.541
prof. i. doliZe aRniSnavs _ `kaTa-
likosTa samarTlis~ mTavari wyaro aris,
rogorc es samarTlis wignis Sesavl-
idan Cans, `sjulis kanoni~. .. akad. k.
kekeliZem gamoikvlia, rom kaTalikosTa
kanonebi damyarebulia `didi sjulis
kanonze~ da ara eqvTime mTawmidelis
mier naTargmn `mcire sjulis kanonze~...
`kaTalikozTa samarTali~ ar warmoad-
gens sjulis kanonis ubralo gamokre-
bas. igi qarTuli saeklesio samarTlis
originaluri Zeglia, romlis dadgenile-
bani qveynis maSindeli yofa-cxovrebis
sinamdviles asaxaven~.542
kaTalikosTa samarTali mTel saqarT-
veloSi moqmedi sjuli iyo. masSi araa
aRniSnuli saeklesio krebis mowvevis
adgili. T. Jordanias azriT, romelic
amJamad aRiarebulia, ̀ kaTalikozTa kanon-
ebi~ dawerilia XVI s-is pirvel naxe-
varSi. masSi moxseniebuli imerTa kaTa-
likosi evdemoz unda iyos evdemos I
(1549-1578) da ara evdemos II (1666-
1669). `kaTalikosTa samarTlis~ xel-
rTvaSi aRniSnuli quTaTeli mitropoli-
ti svimoni aRsaydrebula 1529 wels,
igi ukurTxebiaT biWvinTis taZarSi.54 3
krebis xelis momweri caiSeli (CiSeli)
episkoposi kvirile moRvaweobda leon
dadianis dros (1533-1571), misi gvari
yofila JvaniZe.544 k. kekeliZis azriT,
kreba Catarebula 1543-1549 wlebSi.545
pirveli TariRi (1543) afxazeTis kaTa-
likosis evdemon I CxetiZis aRzevebis
welia, xolo meore (1549) qarTlis kaTa-
likosis malaqias gardacvalebisa. `am-
rigad, kaTalikosTa samarTali Sedge-
nilia XVI s-is 40-ian wlebSi imereTis
mefis bagratis dros (1510-1565).546
maSasadame, kaTalikosTa samarTali
Sedgenilia im dros, rodesac afxazeTis
(imereTis) kaTalikosTa taxti idga bi-
WvinTaSi, ufro gvian (1657 w.) taxti
Crdilokav kasiel (afsar-abaz-Cerqez)
tomTa Semosevebisa da osmalTa mZlavro-
bis gamo gadatanil iqna gelaTSi. maSas-
adame, Tu zemoaRniSnul krebis mowvevis
TariRs daveTanxmebiT, kreba Catarda bi-
WvinTaSi, sakaTalikoso centrSi, magram
arsebobs sxva Tvalsazrisic. vaxuSti ba-
toniSvils aRniSnuli kreba XVII s-Si
Catarebulad miaCnda (daaxl. 1605 w.).
Cven veTanxmebiT pirvel daTariRebas,
radgan Zeglidanac Cans, rom krebis mowve-
vis droisaTvis ̀ kacis syidvas~ jer kidev
ar hqonia farTo, Ria, daufaravi xas-
iaTi miRebuli, jer igi ar yofila gada-
qceuli ̀ tyveTa syidvad~, romelsac XVII
s-Si ukve daufaravad misdevdnen . vax-
541 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, I, 1963, gv. 608; 542 iqve , gv. 608; 543 qronikebi, II, gv. 372; 544 iqve,gv. 414; 545 k. kekeliZe, Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, II, 1960, gv. 571; 546 qarTulisamarTlis Zeglebi, II, gv. 605.
208 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
`samarTali kaTalikozTa~
[sruli teqsti]
q. saxeliTa da R~TisaTa me, qristes mier kurTxeulman yovlisa saqarTvelosakaTalikozman patriaqman malaqia, me, qristes mier kurTxeulman afxazeTis kaTa-likozman mamaT-mTavarman evdemon, davsxediT da SevkribeniT yovelni ebiskopozniafxazeTisani.
da didi siymili movida codvaTa CuenTagan, mravali uwesoba da ujero saqmeSemovida: kacis klva, kacis syidva, eklesiis krexva da uxvedroba.
davideviT sjulis kanoni da Cuenca imisgan gamoviReviT; da raca imisagan argamoviReviT, Cuen Cueni magieri ara SegDimatebia ra.
da sjulis kanonica asre bZanebs.[kacis syidvisa ese gavaCineT] 1. q. ramanc kacman kaci gayidos, anu didman, anu
mcireman, anu Tavadman, anu aznaurman da an glexman, wmidaTa krebulTagan SeCueneb-ul iyos da ganHdili.
rasac kacs marTliT gankiTxviTa da gamoZiebiTa kacis syidva gamoaCndes, Tu iskaci daiHsnas da moiyuanos, missa saydarsa da ebiskoposs dauurvos, ra erTic Zal-edvas, damklebis ufalsaca dauurvos.
da Tu ver moiyuanos, vin ginda vin iyos, TavadisSvili unda aznaurSvili, undaglexi, maSinc veram saqmem ver iHsnas, ukanonodca ars, - Zelsa mieces.
uStis da sxva mematianeebs miaCndaT,
rom tyveTa syidvam CvenSi daufaravi saxe
miiRo rostom mefe-xanis da levan II
dadianis dros. unda iTqvas, rom adami-
anTa gayidvis faqtebis gamomJRavnebisTanave
(e.i. XVI s-Si) Cvens wmida eklesias mi-
uRia zomebi, cdila ZirSive aRmoefxvra
es mavne codva, magram, qveyanaSi Seqmni-
li viTarebis gamo, mis cdas obieqturi,
mosalodneli Sedegebi ar mohyolia. am
Zeglidan Cans, rom saqarTveloSi (kreb-
is mowvevis epoqaSi) saeklesio samarT-
lis iurisdiqcias eqvemdebareboda ara
marto sasuliero saeklesio saqmeebi,
aramed, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, sisxlis
samarTlis danaSaulebanic.547
marTalia, im droisaTvis biWvinTaSi
krebis mowveva saSiSi iyo (e.i. XVI s-is
SuawlebSi), magram is mainc warmoad-
genda udides saeklesio centrs da,
rogorc Cans, aq, saeklesio dedaqalaq-
Si, Sedga ganxiluli kreba.
547 k. kekeliZe, qarTuli literaturis istoria, I , gv. 571.
209saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
da vinc qrTami aiRos da ar CamoarCos, SeCuenebul iyos wmidaTa krebulTaganda kanonsamca queSe aris wmidaTa mociqulTasa.
q. eklesiis mkrexvelTaTvis ese gangwesebia 2. q. vinc eklesia gatexos da xatiganZarcos ukanonod Zelsa mieces.
3. q. vinca eklesias Sigan Sevides da saqoneli gamoitanos, eklesiasa misisaqoneli miezRos da kaci daSavdes.
4. q. vinca Zma moklas anu mama, Heli moekueTos da mamulisagan ganvardes.5. q. vinca ubralo kaci moklas anu mgzavri, anu mcveli risame qurdobiT,
ganipatijos.6. q. vinca qurdoba qnas, rarigadac pirvelad wesi yofiliyos, isre gardaaHdevinon.q. ebiskopozis saqme ese gagDCenia 7. q. romelic ebiskopozi missa saydarsa
ganeSoros TDnier ocis dRisa, Tu ar patronisa mizezisa da saqmisaTDs da anusamwysosa Sigan siarulisagan Tavi HelT ara hqondes da anu avad ar iyos, anumissa samwysosa Sigan qorebiskopozsa gauwyuetlad ar aroninebdes da sjulissaqmesa da mRdel-monaznis saqmes da missa samwysosa eklesiebis saqmesa marTladar mwysobdes, ara marTebdes da ar amagrebdes, raca Zal-edvas, mis saydars araSenebdes da ar kazmevdes, anu saydris mamuls ar amagrebdes, da romelmancaebiskopozman, raca sjulis kanonsa Sigan ar eweros, imas gareT anu uxvedrobisada sDnaobisa saqmesa zeda neba darTos da anu sakanono aarTvas, _ SeCuenebul iyoswmidaTa krebulTagan da kanonsamca queS aris wmidaTa mociqulTasa, da misisasaydrisagan eqsoria iqmnas.
8. q. romelmanca ebiskopozman diakoni da mRdeli asre akurTxos, rome mar-Talze ar ganikiTxos da anu daviTnisa da msgebsisa da kurTxevanisa kiTxva arSeeZlos, da anu umoZRuro iyos da moZRuari ar ganikiTxos, SeCuenebuli iyos.
9. q. romelmanca ebiskopozman sxvis ebiskopozisa Seundobelsa Sendoba misces,anu diakoni da mRvdeli ukurTxos, SeCuenebuli iyos.
10. q. romlisac ebiskopozis samwysos Sigan ese iqnebodes, umRdlod da, TuRone ar iyos, umTavardiakunod, eris kacis HeliTa anu ziareba gaegzavnos da anueziaros, xucesi wirvisagan daayenos.
11. q. romelman ebiskopozman missa samwysosa Sina ese ikadros da ar moikiTxos,SeCuenebuli iyos.
12. q. romlisac ebiskopozisa qorebiskopozi soflis soflamdis da eklesiiseklesiamdis ar mividodes da im eklesiis Sesavalsa kacebsa ar Sehyrides, uqmobasa,naTesaobasa, avgzisobasa, sDnaobasa, marxvis Wamasa marTliT saqmiT ar gamoikiTx-vides da ar marTebdes, SeCuenebuli iyos.
13. q. romelica, anu didi anu Tavadi, anu aznauri, anu glexi, ebiskopozsawinaaRudges da marTliTa samarTliTa da gankiTxviT qorebiskopozs sarjulo armoakiTxvinos, SeCuenebuli iyos.
210 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
14. q. vincavin ebiskopozsa da missa qorebiskopozsa winaaRmdegoba hkadros,marTliTa gankiTxviTa da gamoZiebiT rjuli ar mohkiTxos patronman, mefemanmisad sisxlad da Secodebad moikiTxos.
15. q. romelica ebiskopozi, didi anu mcire, kaTalikozsa samRTosa da sasju-losa saqmezeda, anu saydrisa, anu sjulisa saqme rame daeSaos, marTliTa gankiTx-viTa da gamowulilviTa raca kaTalikozman swuarTos, ewuarTos da marTalsaweszeda daadges, ara da ar gaugonos da arca iwuarTos, wirvisagan ganikueTos damefem saydrisagan eqsoria qmnas.
[mefis Ralatisa asre iqnas] 16. q. visac patronis mefis Ralati gamoaCndes,anu didsa, anu Tavadsa, anu aznaursa, anu visac, marTaliT gankiTxviT da gamowu-lilviTa, rarigadac wmidaTa krebaTa da wmidaTa mociqulTagan gaCenili iyos dasjulisa kanonsa Sigan eweros, sikudiliT ganipatiJos.
[kaTalikozisa da ebiskopozis ginebisaTvis] 17. q. vinc kaTalikozsa da ebi-skopozsa aginos da upatiuroba hkadros, rarigadac sjulis kanonSi eweros, im-rigad ganipatiJos.
[uRirsi mRdlis kurTxevisaTvis] 18. q. romelmanca ebiskopozman uRirsi mRdelianu diakoni akurTxos, da anu icodes misi uRirsoba, da anu wirva daanebos, da anuqrTami aarTvas, SeCuenebulimca aris, viTarca sDmon mogD.
nurc ebiskopozi, nurc moZRuari da winamZRuari qrTamiT nu daidginebis. amisTDssjulis kanoni asre brZanebs: Seundobeli iyos makurTxevelica da kurTxeulica.
[mrudad gamokvlevisa da gamarTlebisaTvis]. 19. q. romelmanc kacis msyidve-li da eklesiis mtexeli, marTali mrudad gamoikulios da mrudi ganamarTlos,SeuCerebeli iyos.
[saydris mamulis gamoxumisaTvis] 20. q. vincavin, didman anu mcireman, say-darsa da monastersa mamuli gamoaxuas, anu sofeli, anu venaHi, anu miwa da agari,vincavin [iyos], didi da mcire, SeCuenebuli iyos.
[sjulis gamTavebelTa da gardamavalTaTvis] 21. q. vinca es, mociqulTa dawmidaTa krebaTagan ganwesebuli da Cuen mier damtkicebuli sjuli da wigni gaaTaos,kurTxeva R~Tisa, ubiwod mSobelisa misisa da wmidiTa krebulTagan, da wmidaTamociqulTa, da yovelTa wmidaTagan. vinca es daamtkicos, locva-kurTxeviT daSendobiT iyos TaviTa, coliTa da SviliTa, saxliT, mamuliT da agarakiT, racR~Tsa kacisaTDs keTili daebados, yovliTa keTiliTa aRsavse iqmnas, locva-kurTxeviT da SendobiT amyofos.
vinc am wmidaTa krebaTa mociqulTagan ganwesebuli da Cuen mier damtkicebuliar Seiwynaros da kaTolikes saydarzed dasmulsa winaaRudges da Cueni mcneba ardaimarxos, krulmca aris caTa Sina da queyanasa zeda wmidaTa krebulTagan, wmida-Ta mociqulTagan da yovelTa wmidaTagan, Se-mca-eqmnebis Zrwola kaenisa, SiSTD-
211saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
li iudasi, mexis-texa deoskoresi, moSToba gmirTa, dawva sodomelTa, keTrigeezisa, danTqma daTan da abironisi, sircxDli kriskenti da Tabinesi, da yovelTaqristes uaris myofelTa Tanamca aris nawili misi.
[rZlis SerTvisaTvis] 22. q. vinca anu didman, anu Tavadman, anu aznaurman, anuglexman, rZali SeirTos, SeCvenebulimc aris R~Tisagan da misTa wmidaTagan daSDdTa krebaTa, wmidaTa mociqulTagan.
kacica da dedakacica gaRma-gamoRma dakiron, da mkiravni Cuengan dalocvilda kurTxeulni iyon.
me, afxazeTis kaTalikozi [evdemon], kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, quTaTel mitrapoliti sDmion, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, genaTel mTavar-ebiskopozi antoni, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, mama Wyondideli, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, bediel mitropoliti, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, moquel mTavar-ebiskopozi, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, drandel mitrapoliti filipe, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, cagerel mamaT-mTavari kozman, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, xonel mTavar-ebiskopozi zaqaria, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, nikorwmideli ebiskopozi iovakim, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.me, CiSel mamaT-mTavari kDrile, kanoniTa vamtkiceb.
[colis ubralod dagdebisaTvis] 23. q. romelman ubralod coli daagdos,SeCuenebulimca aris wmidaTa mociqulTagan da sikudiliTa ganipatiJos. 54 8
548 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. I, 1963, gv . 393-397.
212 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
daviT-garejis saeklesio kreba (1702 w.)
1702 wels mowveul iqna saeklesio
kreba, romelmac gamosca dadgenileba _
`ganCineba saeklesio krebisa samonastro
wesisa da rigis Taobaze~.549
marTalia, ganCineba sazogadod samo-
nastro cxovrebas Seexeba, magram masSi
kerZoobiTi saubaria daviT-garejis mo-
nastris Sesaxeb. am dadgenilebiT kreba
Seecada, moewesrigebina daviT-garejis
samonastro cxovreba. ufro sworad,
krebas surda axlad daewyo da rogorme
aeRorZinebina samonastro cxovreba. saqme
is iyo, rom CrdilokavkasielTa (lekTa)
gamudmebulma TareSma daaZabuna daviT-
garejis monastrebi XVII s-Si. monas-
terTa sisxlsavse cxovreba gansakuTre-
biT daamcro 6000 beris amowyvetam. Zvel
saqarTveloSi berobis msurveli mrava-
li qristiani iyo, didi survilic hqon-
daT daviT-garejSi moRvaweobisa, magram
aoxrebul monasterSi mudmivi SiSiano-
bis gamo, Cans, darCena eZnelebodaT. am
da sxva mizezTa gamo 1702 wels mowveul
saeklesio krebis ganCinebaSi naTqvamia:
`Cven ama krebis brZanebiTa ese wigni,
piri da brZaneba davsdeviT, ase, rome:
1. romeli beri daviT garejas , Tu
naTlismcemels, Tu dodos, Tu berTu-
bans mivides metaniad da dasadgomad da
aRTqma yos mun monastersa Sina samyo-
fad da mere kualad ukun iqces da
dauteos Tvisi metania monasteri da
sxvad monastrad mivides ...Tavisi nebiT....
wyeul iyos da SeCvenebul RmrTisa da
oTxis patriarqisagan, svetis cxovelis-
agan da wmidis giorgisa, wmidis ninosa
da ama wmidis daviTis da dodosagan~.550
aRsaniSnavia, rom Zveli qarTuli do-
kumentebi XIII s-mde asaxelebdnen xuT
msoflio patriarqs, maT Soris ig-
ulisxmeboda romis eklesiis meTauric
(papic), am droisaTvis misi xseneba amo-
vardnilia da mxolod oTxi marTlma-
didebeli patriarqi moixsenieba (konstan-
tinopolis, aleqsandriis, antioqiisa da
ierusalimis patriarqebi). am sabuTidan
kidev erTxel Cans, rom daviT-garejis
monastrebi mTlian qarTul eklesiasTan
erTad XVIII s-is dasawyisSi marTlma-
didebluri orientaciisani iyvnen. amis
aRniSvna imisTvisaa saWiro, rom am mon-
asterSi berad Sevida sulxan-saba or-
beliani, TiTqosda kaTolike. cxadia, mar-
Tlmadideblur monasterSi kaTolike ver
dadgeboda, sulxan-sabas `kaTolikoba~
mxolod politikuri da ara sarwmunoe-
brivi orientacia iyo.
krebis ganCinebis me-2 muxlic Semok-
lebiT imasve imeorebs, rac 1-el muxl-
Sia gadmocemuli. me-3 muxli krZalavs
unebarTvod berebis erTi monastridan
meoreSi gadasvlas. me-4 muxliT monas-
tris datovebis Sendoba eZleva im bers,
romelsac `mefeTagan, kaTalikozTagan,
episkopozTa da darbazis erTagan gamo-
vides episkoposad an winamZRvrad, anu
romelisame wessa zeda mdgomared. amas
Sendoba da madli hqondes~.551
me-5 muxliT ekrZalebaT qveynis saero
da sasuliero meTaurebs (T avadebs,
episkoposebs) Sewynareba monastridan
unebarTvod gamosuli berisa.
549 Zveli qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III, gv. 633; 550 iqve , gv. 634; 551 iqve, gv. 634.
213saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
me-6 muxliT kreba wyevas da SeCvenebas
uTvlis krebis ganCinebis damrRvevT.
krebis ganCinebas xels awers 11 episko-
posi: bodbeli, Tbileli, mangleli, same-
beli, mroveli, Weremeli, wilkneli,
xarWaSneli, dmaneli, bovneli, walkeli
da erTi arqimandriti. ganCinebas brZa-
nebis saxe misca kaTalikosma Tavisi be-
Wdis dasmiT. kaTalikosis brZaneba daa-
dastures amba alaverdelma nikolozma,
ninowmindelma iosebma, bodbelma mit-
ropolitma zaqariam da mTavarepisko-
posma qristeforem.
radganac krebis ganCineba uSualod
daviT-garejis monastrebs exeba, unda
vifiqroT, rom kreba iqve Catarda. amas
miuTiTebs krebis mier moxseniebul wmi-
daTa CamoTvlac. sazogadod, romelime
eklesiaSi, anda eklesiis sanaxebSi saRvTo
msaxurebis damaboloebeli Camolocvis
dros, rogorc wesi, uTuod moixsenieba
wmidani, romlis saxelzec aSenebulia
eklesia an monasteri. 1702 wlis krebis
ganCineba saerTo saeklesio siwmideebis
(sveticxovlis, sauflo kvarTis, svet-
icxovlisadmi mimadlebuli sauflo miro-
nis) CamoTvlis Semdeg, pirvel rigSi,
ixseniebs kaxeTis mxaris siwmideebs:
giorgi alaverdels, wmida ninos (e.i.
bodbis saydars) da aboloebs ase: `madl-
iTa mama daviT garejiTa da wmidisa
dodosiTa~ es ukanaskneli CamonaTvali
unda miuTiTebdes, rom kreba daviT gare-
jSi, anda mis mamulSi Catarda.
erTi sabuTidan Cans, rom krebis
Catarebis Semdeg daviT-garejis monas-
terTa mdgomareoba ramdenadme gaum-
jobesebula. 1704 wels daviT-garejis
winamZRvarma onofrem, dodos winamZR-
varma zaqariam da naTlismcemlis winamZR-
varma xaritonma Txovna miarTves kaxe-
Tis mefe erekle I-s da sTxoves monas-
trisaTvis daebrunebinaT sagarejos ma-
mulebi, ris sanacvlodac monastrebi
iRebdnen valdebulebas, yovelwliurad,
yvelieris xuTSabaTs, sagangebod ewiraT
mefe-dedoflisaTvis, xolo xorcielis
kviras maTi SvilebisaTvis. 1709 wels
gamocemuli Sewirulobis sigelidan Cans,
rom dav iT-garejis monastrebi, e .w.
stavropigiulni ki ar iyvnen, aramed ni-
nowmideli mTavarepiskoposis samwysos
Seadgendnen, yovel SemTxvevaSi, aseTi
pretenzia ganucxadebia ioseb ninow-
midels: `aReSennes monasterni ege ud-
abnosani, vidremdis Seiqmnes adgilsa ma-
gas monasterni aTormeti Tavis-Tavad
winamZRvriTurT, da eseni yovelni iyvnes
samwyso da morCil RmrTisa mier kurTx-
eulisa mTavarepiskopozisa ninowmidelisa,
da romelnica uflebdes da ganagebdes
sagarejos wmidis ninos monastersa, maT-
ica jer ars pyroba da kurTxeva amaTi~.
mahmadianebis SemosevaTa droso, _
wers ninowmideli episkoposi, _ `udab-
nonica ese garejisani aoxrdes da mraval-
Jam da mravalwel daSTa umkvidrod kac-
Tagan da arRaravin iyo berTagani adg-
ilsa magas wmidasa, vidremde yofad Cven-
damde da iyo umkvidro kacTagan~.552 ni-
nowmideli mTavarepiskopos ioseb vaCna-
Zis dros berebs aRudgeniaT dodos mon-
asteri, misTvis episkoposs mamulebi Seu-
wiravs. garda amisa, rac aRsaniSnavia,
am episkoposs berebisaTvis dauweria
saqarTvelos eklesiis mokle istoria,
wmida ninos moRvaweoba, asureli mameb-
is Camosvla, gansakuTrebiT ki daviTis,
dodos da lukianes cxovreba. episkopo-
sis survili yofila, berebs hqonodaT
Sesabamisi codnac.
552 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III , gv. 660.
214 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
daviT-garejis krebis `ganCineba~
[ganCineba saeklesio krebisa samonastro wesisa da rigis Taobaze][1702 w.]
q. saxeliTa saxierisa, arseba daubadebelisa RmrTisa mamisa, Zisa da sulisawmidisaTa, SewevniTa da madliTa yovlad ubiwosa umetesad kurTxeulisa, uxr-wnelisa qalwulisa mariamisaTa, SewevniTa da ZaliTa cxovels myofelisa jvari-saTa, ZaliTa da madlisaTa wmidaTa zecisa ZalTa angelozTa da mTavar angeloz-Ta, madliTa da SewevniTa wmidaTa udabnos maSvenebelTa mamaTa, madliTa daSewevniTa svetis cxovlisa kvarTisa sauflosa mironisa wmidisaTa, madliTa daTanamdgomlobiTa wmidisa giorgi alaverdisaTa da SewevniTa meaTcametisa mo-ciqulisa ninosiTa, madliTa mama daviT garejelisaTa da wmidisa dodosiTa;
Cven, meufisa mier samociqulosa kaTolike eklesiasa zedan dadginebulmanpatronman kaTalikozman evdemoz, amba alaverdelman patronman nikoloz, mTavar-efiskopozman qristeforem, ninowmindelman ioseb, sula qarTvelTa da kaxT efisko-pozTa, winamZRvarTa, mRdelTa da samRdeloT dasTa ese wigni, piri da ficidavsdeviT da Sekrva gaxsnis brZaneba, viTarca brZanebs piri RmrTisa: “romeliganxsnaT, xsnil iyos da romeli SekraT, krul iyos”.
Cven ama krebisa brZanebiTa ese wigni, piri da brZaneba davsdeviT, ase rome :1. romelic beri daviT-garejas, Tu naTlismcemels, Tu dodos, Tu berTubans
mivides metaniad da dasadgomad da aRTqma yos mun monastersa Sina samyofad, damerme kualad ukuniqces da dauteos Tvisi metania monasteri da sxvad monastradmivides, Cvenad uSendobod da eris gamourCevlad, daupatijeblad, Tavis nebiT dawadiliT da guliswyromiT, ampartavnobiT, dauTminobiT gamovardes, an sityuiT
553 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III , gv. 633.
rogorc zemoaRniSnulidan Cans, 1702
wels mowveuli saeklesio krebis Sem-
deg daviT-garejis monasterTa cxovre-
ba SesamCnevad aRorZinebula.
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos ek-
lesias krebis mamebi uwodeben `samo-
ciqulo eklesias~. patriarqi Tavis
Tavs ase moixseniebs: `Cven , meufisa
mier, samociqulosa kaTolike ekle-
siasa zeda dadgin e buli patriarqi
kaTalikozi evdemozi~. 553 saqarTvelos
eklesiis am saxelwodebas gausva xazi
Semdgomma, 1748 wels mowveulma saek-
lesio krebamac.
215saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
visiTme moRordes da wavides, wyeul iyos da SeCvenebul RmrTisa da yovelT misTawmidaTagan, Svidis krebisagan da oTxis patriarqisgan, svetis cxovelisgan dawmidis giorgisa, wmidis ninosa da am wmidis mama daviTisa da dodosagan.
2. romelic Sevides, metania qnas dasadgomad, mamasa da krebuls piri da aRTqmadaudvas da aRar aRasrulos es Tavisi aRnaTqvami, wyeuli iyos da SeCvenebuli.
3. kvalad, romelmanc erTmanerTis SurobiT da qiSpobiT erTis monastridammeoreSi sadgomad beri miiyuanos an TviTan mivides mamasa da krebulisagan uSendo-bod, isimc wyeuli da SeCvenebul iyos.
4. Tu mefeTagan, kaTalikozTagan, efiskopozTa da darbazis erTagan gamorCeviTgamovides efiskopozad anu winamZRuarad anu romelsame wessa zeda mdgomlad, amasSendoba da madli qondes.
5. romelmac Tavadma, gina efiskopozman anu didman anu mcireman iqidam mamisakrebisa Seundobari da gamovardnili da am wyevas qveS danarCunebuli beri miuSvasda Seiwynaros, isic imisi monawile da Tanaziari iyos.
es ase gavarigeT da davamtkiceT.6. vinc amas urC eqmnas, wyevasa da SeCvenebasa qveSe iyos da daTan da abironTana
da iudas monawile da moziaremc iqmnebis, wyeul iyos suliTa da HorciTa aqa damermesa mas didsa dResa, amin. amin. amin.
amisi mowame da damamtkicebelni: bodbeli zaqaria, Tbileli domenti, mangle-li ioseb, samebeli nikoloz, mroveli, Weremeli, wilkneli, xarWaSneli parTeni,dmaneli elise, bovneli ivane, walkeli nikoloz, maRalaZe arqimanditi ni-koloz, sula qarTvelni da kaxni efiskopozni.
vinca am garigebisa da brZanebis damamtkicebeli iyos, madli da kurTxeva qondes.vinca vin urC eqmnas, wyevasamca qveSe ars aw da maradis ukuniT ukunisamdis, amin.qoronikons tJ.
beWedi: kaTalikozi evdemozvamtkiceb brZanebas amas kaTalikozis evdemosisasa amba alaverdeli.
xelrTva : alaverdeli nikolozvamtkiceb ninowmideli ioseb.
beWedi: mona RvTisa ninowmideli iosebvamtkiceb bodbeli mitrapoliti zaqaria am wigns.
beWedi: bodbeli zaqariaq. batoni mTavarefiskopozi vamtkiceb am sigels.55 4
beWedi : mTavarepiskoposi qristefore.
554 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III, 1970, gv. 633.
216 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sakanonmdeblo Sekrebani vaxtang VI-is karze (1706-1709 ww.)
saqarTvelos saeklesio samarTlis
erT-erTi mniSvnelovani wyaroa vaxtang
VI-is samarTlis wignTa krebuli. `mar-
Tlmadideblobis mxne mxedarma, uflis
mier Zlierma moRvawem, sionis rjulmt-
kicebiTa Seuryevelma svetma, marTlma-
dideblobiT da RvTis siyvaruliT Seuo-
rgulebelma batoniSvilma vaxtangma~
Tavis garSemo Semoikriba qarTuli ek-
lesiis, sityvisa da kulturis didi moam-
ageni, Seakrebina maT qarTveli xalxis
mravali saukunis namuSevari wmida wer-
ilis, `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Tu `vefx-
istyaosnis~ dafantuli furclebi, Sea-
swavlina isini da gamoacemina. vaxtang-
ma agreTve Seagrova qarTuli samarT-
lis Zveli naSTebi da Zeglebi, Seadgina
axali, daamtkicebina krebas isini da
gamosca mTliani `samarTlis wignTa kre-
bulis~ saxiT.
rogorc vaxtang VI-is samarTlis
wignTa krebulis SesavalSia naTqvami,
am epoqis qarTlis WeSmariti ganmanaTle-
beli, e.i. yoveli axali erovnuli ideis
momwodebeli iyo mefe giorgi XI _ `mze
simarTlisa~, romelmac `qveyanaTa amaT
qarTlisaTa mohfina naTeli~. 555 mefe
giorgim ineba da `mosca Tavis wilad
taxtsa zeda gamgeblad qarTlisad~ ba-
toniSvili vaxtangi, romelmac `igula
da igulismodgina da Semokribna yovelni
wignni samarTlisani, romelni JamTa vi-
TarebiTa TviToeulad mimodabneuli iyo.
es yoveli moiZia, ipova da moiSova,
mravliTa iZulebiTa da friadiTa Srom-
iTa moiRo pirvel dabadebisa da gamos-
vlaTa samarTalni mosesmieri, romeli
TviT RmerTman mosca da amcno... meorisa
Zieba hyo saberZneTiT, oTxTa patriarq-
Ta mier qenebiTa wigni sasamarTloni,
JamTa keisrisaTa... mesame moaRebina didisa
somxeTisa mwyemsisa grigol ganmanaTle-
belisa samarxos eCmiaZiniT somexT mefeTa
wigni samarTlisani.. . meoTxe, wmidaTa
da marTlmadidebelTa qarTlis da afx-
azeTis kaTalikozTa RirsTa episkoposTa-
gan ganwesebuli samarTali, mexuTe, di-
dis mefeT-mefis giorgis mier Tqmulni
samarTalni mopovnebul-yo, romliTa
sjiden samnive ese samefoni qarTlisani.
meeqvse, aRbuRa jayel-cixisjvarelisa
Tqmulni ganaCenni da samarTalni, meS-
vide, amaT yovelTa Semdgomad aRwera
TviT sibrZniT da gulisxmobiTa Tvisi-
Ta, damowmebiT da nebadarTviT TvisTa
kaTalikoz-episkopoz da didebul-dar-
baiselTa, romeli aRwera TviToeulad
yovelnive samarTalni, ufros saxmar da
sargebel qarTlsa Sina amaT sxvaTaca~.556
sagulisxmoa, rom saqarTvelos same-
foebs anu imJamindeli qarTlis, kaxeTi-
sa da imereTis samefoebs, es Zegli, samives
erTad _ `qarTls~, `qarTlis samefoebs~
uwodebs,557 esaa areali, sadac am sa-
marTlis iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda.
CvenTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelova-
nia is, rom vaxtangma Tavisi Semoqmedeb-
iTi samuSao Seafasebina da miaRebina
krebas, romelic Sedgeboda – kaTaliko-
sisa da episkoposebisagan. am krebas, iseve,
rogorc saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomas,
mefesa da umaRles ierarqebTan erTad
555 Zveli qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, 1963, t. I . gv. 99; 556 iqve . gv. 101; 557 iqve, gv. 100.
217saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
eswrebodnen – didebulni da darbaiselni,
vaxtangs maTi `damowmeba da nebadarT-
va~ esaWiroeboda. am krebas, ramdenime
sxdomisagan Semdgars unebebia damtki-
ceba da amoqmedeba samarTlis Zveli da
axali normebisa - `damowmebiTa da neba-
darTviT TvisTa kaTalikoz-episkopoz da
didebul-darbaiselTa~,556 rogorc wya-
ro aRniSnavs, am samarTlis kanonebis
moZieba-SemuSavebis dros vaxtangs gver-
diT edga cnobili mecnieri, kaTalikos-
patriarqi domenti IV, agreTve mTavar-
episkoposi grigoli, sxva mitropolit-
episkopos-winamZRvarni da sasuliero pirebi.
vaxtangi wers Tavisi samarTlis wignis
Se savalSi: `nuravin hgon ebT, TviT
mxolod TaviT TvisTa rasame vyofdeT,
ar am ed T an a yoliTa d a mow mo biTa
mRvdelmTavrisa da didis dedaqalaqisa
mcxeTisa da kvarTsa zedan sauflosa
svetisa RvTiv aRmarTebulisa da mir-
onaRmocenebulis, saWed-mpyroblisa da
xarisxisa zedan mtkiced mdgomelisa
Zmisa Cvenisa, batoniSvilis kaTaliko-
sis domentisiTa, agreTve TanadgomiTa
aragvis erisTviSvilis mTavarepiskopozis
grigoliTi da sxvaTa mitropolit-episko-
poz-winamZRvarTa da saRmrToTaganTa~.558
Tavisi samarTlis bolosityvaSic vax-
tangi Seaxsenebs momaval kaTalikosebs,
episkoposebs, mitropolitebs, winam-
ZRvrebs, mRvdlebs, sxva sasuliero
pirebs Semdegi droisa, rom mis naRvaw
samarTals `mowmoba darTes erTa CvenTa
srulebiT saRmrToTa da gina samxedroT
aman... yovelmanve erTbaSad da ese es-
reT ars Semzadebuli~.559
safiqrebelia, rom vaxtangma domen-
ti kaTalikosisa da grigoli episkopo-
sis TanadgomiT moamzada kanonebi, e.i.
Seamzada e.w. `samarTali batoniSvilis
vaxtangisa~. amis Semdgom maT da sa-
gangebod Seqmnilma komisiam moiZies sxva
qristiani erebis samarTlis wignebi. gan-
sakuTrebuli yuradReba daeTmo bizan-
tiuri samarTlis wignebs. Semdeg ki
mTeli krebuli krebam daamtkica.
komisiam upirvelesad saeklesio sa-
marTlis erT-erTi umTavresi wyaro
`friadi SromiT moiRo~. esaa e.w. ̀ moses
samarTali~. komisiisaTvis gansakuTre-
buli interesis sagans warmoadgenda
imperatorTa droindeli bizantiuri sa-
marTali, romelic Tavis droze ara
mxolod saqveyno, aramed upirvelesad
saeklesio samarTlis kodeqss warmoad-
genda. bizantiis imperiis damxobis Sem-
degac, `igi moqmed samarTlad iTvle-
boda bizantiuri civilizaciis qvey-
nebSi (saberZneTi, bulgareTi, moldav-
eTi, ruseTi, saqarTvelo, somxeTi da
sxva), _ wers i. doliZe 56 0 – moqmed
samarTalSi igulisxmeba bizantieli
nomofilaqsis konstantine armenopulos
naSromi - `eqvsi wigni~. 56 1
vaxtangis mier gamocemuli bizanti-
uri samarTlis mixedv iT Sedgen ili
`berZnuli samarTlis~ qarTuli versiis
umTavres nawils Seadgens armenopulos
`eqvsi wignidan~ amokrebili kanonebi. mis
meore nawils Seadgens Targmanebi ma-
Teos blastaris sintagmidan. Tavis mxriv,
armenopulo aRniSnavs, rom mis wyaros
sxvasTan erTad warmoadgenda imperator-
ebis: basilis, konstantines da leonis
proxironebi, sakanonmdeblo aqtebidan
amonakrebi, agreTve mefeTa wignis (basi-
likis) Semokleba (sinopsisi) da sasa-
558 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, 1963, t. I, gv. 478; 559 iqve , gv. 532; 560 iqve , gv. 581; 561 Â.Ñîêîëüñêèé, Ãðåêî-ðèìñêîå ïðàâî â óëîæåíèè Ãðóçèíñêîãî öàðÿ Âàõòàíãà VI.
218 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
marTlo praqtika, imperatorebis dadge-
nilebebi, leon brZenis novelebis kre-
buli, leonisa da konstantines 18 tit-
ulovani ekloga, cxadia, umTavresi
wyaroa mociqulTa da saeklesio kre-
baTa kanonebi, sasinodo da sapatri-
arqos dadgenilebebi. 56 2
alfabeturi sintagmis avtoric, ma-
Teos blastari Tavisi naSromis wyarod
iyenebs saeklesio krebebis dadgenile-
be bs da kanon ebs, romis samarTlis
wyaroebs leon brZenis bazilikamde.56 3
qarTuli `samarTali berZnulis~ Sesav-
alSic asevea naTqvami: `leon brZnisa da
konstantinesi da sxvaTa xelmwifeTa mier
Tqmuli~.564 es Sesavali da misi 1-li
muxli warmoadgens armenopulos `eqvsi
wignis~ Sesavals.565 i. doliZe eyrdnoba
vl. sokolskis daskvnebs, rom berZnuli
kanonebis qarTuli Targmani warmoad-
gens blastaris sintagmisa da armenopu-
los `eqvsi wignis~ kompilacias. es uka-
nasknelni berZnul-romauli samarTlis
mTavari krebulebi iyo da iyenebdnen bi-
zantiis gviandel epoqaSi. blastaris sin-
tagmas sasuliero, xolo armenopulos
naSroms _ saero sasamarTloebSi. rogorc
cnobilia, miuxedavad Turqebis mier bi-
zantiis dapyrobisa, mainc osmaleTis
imperiaSi berZnuli da, sabolood, mar-
Tlmadidebluri mosaxleobis saeklesio
da samoqalaqo saqmeebis iurisdiqcia
mTlianad konstantinopolis sapatri-
arqosa da berZen sasuliero xelisu-
falTa xelSi moeqca, amitomac praq-
tikuli saWiroebisaTvis osmaleTSi mar-
Tlmadidebluri saeklesio xelisuflebis
mier gakeTda yoveldRiuri xmarebisaTvis
saWiro blastaris sintagmisa da armenop-
ulos `eqvsi wignis~ mokle kompilacia.
bizantiis imp eriis dace mis Semde g,
rogorc aRiniSna, saeklesio iurisdiq-
cia gavrcelda marTlmadidebeli mosax-
leobis saero saqmeebzedac, radganac ek-
lesiis xelSi moeqca marTlmadidebeli
mosaxleobis samoqalaqo iurisdiqcia,566
amitomac erT mTlian korpusad gaer-
Tianebuli iuridiuli krebulebi, romel-
Sic saeklesio da saero samarTali Se-
dioda – didi upiratesobiT sargeblob-
da. swored aseTi krebuli mouZiebia
vaxtangis komisias yofil bizantiaSi,
anu imdroindel osmaleTSi. ramden-
imewliani Ziebis Semdeg, samarTlis wigni
berZnulidan gadmouTargmnia kvipriane
samTavnel episkoposs. ̀ berZnuli samarT-
lis~ mkvlevaris, T. bregaZis azriT, mis
wyaros warmoadgens blastaris sintag-
ma, armenopulos wignebidan CanamatebiT.
am xelnaweris qarTuli Targmani atarebs
gamokrebil xasiaTs. Targmani kvipriane
samTavnels unda Seesrulebina, am episko-
posma domenti kaTalikosis brZanebiT
Targmna ̀ kurTxeva eklesiisa~, imave kaTa-
likosis brZanebiT samarTlis zogierT
muxls gaukeTa minaweri.567
aqedan Cans, rom vaxtang VI-sTan
erTad aqtiurad muSaobda samarTlis
wignebze kaTalikos-patriarqi domenti
IV, episkoposi grigoli aragvis erisTavis
Svili da agreTve episkoposi kvipriane
samTavneli. kaTalikos-episkoposebis aq-
tiuri muSaoba berZnul-bizantiuri saek-
lesio-samoqalaqo samarTlis wyaroebis
Zieba-Targmnisas miuTiTebs, Tu ra aqti-
urad iRvwoda saqarTvelos eklesia sa-
marTlis sferoSi XVII s-is bolos da
XVIII s-is dasawyisSi.
562 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, I, gv. 580; 563 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, I, gv. 582; 564 iqve , gv.129 ; 565 iqve , gv. 582; 566 iqve , gv. 584; 567 iqve, gv. 592.
219saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
komisiam ineba da agreTve moiZia e.w.
`siriul-romauli samarTali~, romelic
im droisaTvis arsebobda somxur enaze
da daculi iyo eCmiaZinis sakaTalikoso
wignTsacavSi. igi am droisaTvis gaer-
Tianebuli yofila erT samarTlis kre-
bulad, mxiTar goSis samarTlis wign-
Tan erTad. ori weli Targmnidnen `somx-
uri samarTlis wigns~ da mis safuZ-
velze Seqmnes e.w. `somxuri samarTlis
qarTuli versia~. igi, rogorc iTqva,
ori nawilisagan Sedgeba, esaa siriul-
romauli samarTlis qarTuli versia da
mxiTar goSis samarTlis qarTuli ver-
sia. masSi sul 431 muxlia. siriul-
romauli samarTali, vl. sokolskis
kvlevis Tanaxmad, Sedgenili yofila
V s-Si da es iuridiuli krebuli Zveli
droidan moqmedebda ara mxolod somx-
eTSi, aramed saqarTveloSic.568 igi V-
VI ss-Si mcire aziis saxelmwifoebSic
yofila gavrcelebuli, viTarca bizan-
tiis gavlenis qveS myof qveynebSi. sir-
iul-romaul kanonebs gavlena mouxde-
nia mxiTar goSis samarTlis wignze (prof.
s. samuelianis azriT), mas `Zlevamosil
qristian mefeTa konstantines, Teodo-
sis da leonis kanonebs~ uwodebdnen.569
i. doliZis azriT, SesaZloa es siriul-
romauli kanonebi Zvelad qarTuladac
iyo naTargmni. magram igi dakargula da
amitomac vaxtangis komisias xelmeored
uTargmnia mxiTar goSis samarTlis wign-
Tan erTad.569 cxadia, marTlmadidebeli
bizantiis saxelmwifosa da misi impera-
torebis kanonebi gamosayenebeli iyo saek-
lesio sferoSi ZvelTaganve.
riT unda yofiliyo gamowveuli mxi-
Tar goSis samarTlis wignis CarTva
vaxtangis krebulSi? b. aruTinianis
azriT, samarTlis wigns `naxevrad sa-
kanonmdeblo, naxevrad moZRvruli xas-
iaTi hqonda da modave mxareTa da mosa-
marTleTa neba-survilze iyo damokide-
buli eRiarebinaT da gamoeyenebinaT igi
Tu ara~.570 i. doliZis azriT, samarT-
lis wignSi Setanili normebi da wesebi
moqmed samarTals warmoadgenda, Tumca
isicaa aRsaniSnavi, rom TviTon vaxtang
VI miuTiTebda da urCevda mosamarTleeb-
sa da msajulebs gamoeyenebinaT ara ucx-
ouri samarTali, aramed qarTuli, anu
vaxtangis samarTali. amis mizezad vax-
tangi asaxelebs im garemoebas, rom
qarTvelebis `wesi da qceva~ gansxvavde-
ba sxva qveynebis `rigisa da qceulobis-
agan~. amitomac ucxouri samarTali `Cv-
enda uxmar ars~, Tumca ki samarTlis
wignSi isini `SemoklebiT moipovebian~.
vaxtangi wers, rom Cveni qveynisaTvis
sasargebloa da umjobesia mis mier Se-
muSavebuli da krebis mier damtkicebu-
li samarTlis gamoyeneba.571
osmaleTis kanone bis Sesab amisad,
sxvadasxva religiuri Temis wevrebi os-
maleTSi rogorc samoqalaqo, ise saek-
lesio sferoSic eqvemdebarebodnen sak-
uTar samarTals. amiT iyo gamowveuli,
rom yirimsa da osmaleTSi arsebul sxva
somxur koloniebSi mxiTar goSis sa-
marTali moqmed samarTals warmoadgen-
da, cxadia, somxebisaTvis. sakuTari sa-
marTlis moqmedebis es sfero somxebma
gaavrceles sxva qveynebSi mcxovreb somx-
ebzec, magaliTad, poloneTSi. i. doliZ-
is azriT, mxiTar goSis samarTliT xe-
lmZRvanelobda saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi
somexi mosaxleoba, gansakuTrebiT _
vaWarTa fena.570
568 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, I, gv. 594; 569 iqve , gv. 595; 570 iqve, gv. 602.
220 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
Tu es mosazreba misaRebia, maSin
saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis mier somx-
uri samarTlis kanonebis ganxilva gamo-
wveuli unda yofiliyo qarTuli eklesiis
samarTlebrivi iurisdiqciis sferoSi
sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis mqone mTeli
qveynis mosaxleobis moqceviT. qarTuli
saxelmwifo udgenda Tavis moqalaqe
araqarTvelebs TavianTi eTnikur-aRmsare-
blobiTi niSnis Sesabamis kanonebs.
vaxtang VI -m da komisiam kre bas
warudgines saqarTvelos saeklesio sa-
kanonmdeblo krebis kanonebi, cnobili
`kaTalikozTa samarTlis~ saxeliT. ̀ kaTa-
likozTa samarTali mTel saqarTveloSi
moqmedi saeklesio sjuli iyo, radgan
igi damyarebuli iyo `sjulis kanonze~,
r om elic Z v elT a ga n v e mo q m ed e bd a
saqarTveloSi. es kargad icoda vaxtangis
sakodifikacio komisiam, romelmac ko-
misiis wevris saeklesio sjulmdeblo-
bis didi mcodnis kaTalikoz domentis
dasturiT es Zegli samarTlis wignTa
krebulSi Seitana, riTac kvlav daadas-
tur a mi si moq me de b a a Rmos avle T
saqarTveloSi, marTalia, kaTalikozTa
samarTali Sedgenili iyo dasavleT
saqarTveloSi, magram igi mTeli saqarTve-
los saeklesio weswyobisaTvis damaxas-
iaTebeli Zeglia.572
i. doliZe wers _ `specialur lit-
eraturaSi kaTalikozTa kanonebs biWvin-
Tis saydris iadgars adareben da mas
xsenebuli kanonebis damatebad Tvlian.
es azri ekuTvnis prof. al. xaxanaS-
vils~.573 is al. xaxanaSvilma gamoTqva
Tavis `gujrebSi~ (1891, gv. 124-125) da
werilSi - (Ljgjkytybt r uhepbycrbv
rfnfkbrjcjdsv pfrjyjv).574 maTSi gamoTq-
vams imave azrs, rom biWvinTis gujari
(iadgari) warmoadgens `kaTalikozTa
kanonebis~ damatebas. Tavis mxriv, es
gujari dgeboda TandaTanobiT, oTxi
saukunis ganmavlobaSi da Tavisi axlan-
deli saxe miiRo ara uadres XVIII s-is
pirveli meoTxedisa. aRsaniSnavia, rom
biWvinTis iadgaris mixedviT, biWvinTis
saydari mefeTa (imereTis) sakuTrebadaa
miCneuli _ `saydari maTi ars~.575 me-2
muxli icavs taZars `didebulis, Tava-
dis an aznauris~ ymis mier gatexisagan.
gamtexis qoneba saydars unda darCeno-
da. mekobre da misi mebatone ki Zelze
unda gaesvaT. sul 27 muxlia, romlebic
icavs sakaTalikosos qonebas, glexebs,
ymebs da mamuls, pirutyvs, jogs, `say-
dris Svilebs~, saydris `moxeleebs~,
`kaTalikosis kacs~, `zurgiT mzidav
xars, sefe xars~, ̀ moxeleTa kacs~, ̀ kaTa-
likozis yma-msaxurs~, `saydris moina-
les~, `biWvinTis garSemo sofelsa da
glexebs~, `agarakebs~, sxva soflebs,
`metoq monastrebs~, qalaqebs, imaTSi
mcxovreb glexebs, msaxurebs, moinaleebs,
`soflis kacebs~, `cols~, `qals~, ve-
naxs, `saydris ymebs~, ymis mejinibes,
mesadiles, mwyemss, krZalavs `biWvinTis
wyalSi~ nadirobas (Tevzaobas). ramden-
ime muxlSi ganxilulia didebulis, Ta-
vadis an aznauris mier `kaTalikosis
gineba~, `episkoposis cema, xelT Sepy-
roba, avad gineba, upativoba~ da sxv.
bolos, aRniSnulia `viTarca sxvaTa say-
darTa uCinebulesi ars biWvinTis say-
dari, agreTve umetesi iadgari davdeviT
da davamtkiceT mtkice brZanebiT ese~.
biWvinTis iadgari, anu gujari, Sesa-
Zloa marTlac damateba iyos ̀ kaTalikoz-
571 q.s .Z., I. , gv. 532, vaxtangis bolosityvaoba; 572 q.s .Z., I., gv. 607; 573 i. doliZe. `kaTalikozTasamarTali~, q.s. Z. I. gv. 610; 574 Þðèäè÷åñêèé âåñòíèê, Ò-XI. 1882. c. 568-571; 575 q.s .Z., I. , gv. 611.
221saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Ta samarTlisa~, radganac zogierTi mux-
li, romlebic am ukanasknelSi bun-
dovnadaa ganmartebuli, biWvinTis iad-
garSi naTladaa gadmocemuli. magali-
Tad, kaTalikosTa samarTlis me-17 mux-
lis Tanaxmad, kaTalikosisa da episko-
posTa ginebisaTvis sasjeli asea micemuli
_ `vinca kaTalikozsa da episkopozs
aginos da upatiuroba hkadros, ra riga-
dac sjulis kanonSi eweros, imrigad
ganipatiJos~,576 magram moZebna imisa, Tu
ra ewera `sjulis kanonSi~, moiTxovda
Ziebasa da Sromas, amitomac biWvinTis
iadgarSi imave danaSaulisaTvis sasje-
lis zoma pirdapiraa naCvenebi _ `vinca
kaTalikozsa aginos anu sacemrad waiz-
idos, 50 glexi saydars daeurvos da
kaTalikozsa ori sisxli daeurvos did-
isa SexvewiTa~.577 maSasadame, damnaSaves
50 glexi saydris sasargeblod unda Cam-
orTmeoda, piradad kaTalikosis sasarge-
blod ki `ori sisxli~ unda gadaexada.
aseve qorepiskoposis ginebisa da upa-
tivcemulo mopyrobisaTvis damnaSaves 12
glexi unda CamorTmeoda saydris sasarge-
blod, 300.000 TeTri ki TviTon daz-
aralebuls unda gadascemoda. aseve gan-
martebulia sxva muxlebic. Tumca isic
unda iTqvas, rom kaTalikosTa samarT-
lis sfero ufro zogad-yovlismomcve-
lia, magaliTad, igi ganixilavs da debs
sasjels tyveTa syidvis da eklesiis
mkrexelTa winaaRmdeg. udebs kanonsa da
sasjelebs episkoposebs, magaliTad, me-
14 muxliT episkoposis mowinaaRmdege
damnaSavis gasamarTlebis Semdeg mefes
evaleboda misi dasja. me-15 muxliT kaTa-
likosis mowinaaRmdege episkoposs, dari-
gebaTa Semdgomac gamousworebels, mefe
saydars CamoarTme vda. `kaTalikozTa
samarTali~ ixilavs mefis moRalateTa, uR-
irsi mRvdlis makurTxevelTa, cud mosa-
marTleTa sasjelebs. agreTve debs sasjelebs
`saydris mamulis gamoxumisaTvis~, `sju-
lis gamTavebelTa da gardamavalTaTvis~,
`rZlis SerTvisaTvis~ da sxv.
rogorc aRiniSna, radganac `kaTa-
likozTa samarTali~ saqarTveloSi moq-
medi saeklesio sjuli iyo, igi ganixila
vaxtangis komisiam da gadasca krebas
dasamtkiceblad, amitomac igi Sevida
vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebulSi.
vaxtangis komisiam moiZia da sjul-
debiT krebas gansaxilvelad gadasca
meore sakanonmdeblo Zegli, romelic
beqasa da aRbuRas samarTliTaa cnobili.
Cveni azriT, rogorc `kaTalikozTa sa-
marTali~ warmoadgenda XVI s-Si Catare-
buli saeklesio krebis mier gamocemul
kanonebs, aseve `beqasa da aRbuRas~ sa-
marTali warmoadgens Wulevis eklesia-
Si Semdgar saeklesio-sakanonmdeblo kre-
bis mier Sedgenil samarTals, ukanaskneli
ufro farTo moculobisaa da, Tavis
mxriv, Seicavs beqasa da aRbuRas sa-
marTlis garda, agreTve `bagrat kura-
palatis samarTlis~ da TviTon Wulevis
krebis mier gamocemul e.w. `kanonikur
samarTals~. maSasadame, Cveni fiqriT,
aRbuRa aTabag-amirspasalaris dros Wu-
levis taZarSi Semdgarma saeklesio-sa-
kanonmdeblo kreba-darbazobam, daaxloe-
biT 1295-1304 wlebSi, moiZia da ganix-
ila misTvis saWiro Semdegi samarTlis
wignebi: 1. bagrat kurapalatis samarTa-
li; 2. beqa mandaturTuxucesis samar-
Tali; 3. aRbuRa aTabag-amirspasalaris
samarTali; isini daamtkica da erT sa-
marTlis wignad Sekra, bolos ki daur-
To TviT krebis mier gamocemuli ̀ kanoni-
576 q.s .Z., I., gv. 396; 577 iqve, gv. 612.
222 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
kuri samarTali~. es samarTlis wignebi
Wulevis krebam ara qronologiuri we-
sis mixedviT, aramed, Cans, moqmedi sa-
marTlebrivi sicocxlisunarianobis Se-
sabamisad daalaga. rogorc aRiniSna, vax-
tangis komisiam moiZia es krebuli, romel-
ic `beqasa da aRbuRas samarTlis~ sax-
eliT da ara Wulevis krebis samarTliT
iyo cnobili da gadasca vaxtang mefis
karze moqmed krebas da vaxtangis sa-
marTlis wignTa krebulSi CarTo.
vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebu-
li, agreTve, Seicavs gaerTianebuli
saqarTvelos samefos RvTivgvirgvinosan
mefeTa mier Sedgenil samarTlis wign-
Tagan SemorCenil giorgi brwyinvales
`Zeglis dadebas~. es iyo saqarTvelos
mTianeTisaTvis sagangebod Sedgenili
sjulmdebloba. igi adgilobrivi xasia-
Tis sakanon mde blo Z eglia , magram
saqarTvelos daSlis Semdeg erT dros
barisaTvis Seuferebeli da Seusabamo
kanonebi, daqveiTebuli da danawevrebu-
li saqarTvelos kuTxeebisaTvis moqmed
samarTlad iqca _ `romliTa sjidnen
samnive ese samefoni qarTlisani~.
vaxtangis komisiam, rogorc aRiniSna,
igi CarTo Tavis samarTlis krebulSi.
gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisaa am
krebulSi CarTuli `samarTali batoniS-
vilis vaxtangisa~. mkvlevarTa erTi naw-
ilis azriT, am krebulSi marTalia Set-
anilia sxvadasxva erovnuli da ucxo
Zegli, magram savaldebulo Zala mx-
olod sakuTriv vaxtangis kanonebs hqon-
daT. krebulSi Sesuli moses, berZnul
da somxur samarTals mxolod damxmare
samarTlis funqcia hqonda. TviTon vax-
tangis samarTalze didi gavlena mouxde-
nia bizantiur samarTals.
bizantiuri samarTlis gavlena rogorc
qarTul, ise sxva marTlmadidebeli qvey-
nebis samarTalze, Turqebis mier kon-
stantinopolis dapyrobis Semdegac ar
Sewyvetila, `piriqiT, SeiZleba iTqvas,
rom is erTgvarad kidec gaZlierda.
saqarTveloSi gavrcelda da gamoiyene-
boda rogorc yvelaze Zveli (siriul-
romauli), ise berZnul-romauli samarT-
lis erT-erTi gviandeli Zegli, rac
mowmobs saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi berZnul-
romauli samarTlis mudmivsa da uwyvet
gavlenas saqarTvelos samarTlebriv wyo-
bilebaze. am mxriv, saqarTveloSi gan-
meorda yvela is movlena, romelsac
adgili hqonda aRmosavleTis sxva mar-
Tlmadidebel qveynebSi~. 578 sokolskis
msgavsad, prof. al. xaxanaSvilis azriT,
saqarTveloSi moqmedebda berZnuli (e.i.
bizantiuri) samarTali da didi gavlena
hqonda qarTul samarTalze, maT Soris,
vaxtangis kanonebzec. al. xaxanaSvilis
azriT, qarTul `sigelebSi xSirad nax-
avT miTiTebebs berZenTa kanonebze~.579
rogorc al. xaxanaSvili aRniSnavs, vax-
tangis samarTlis krebulSi CarTuli
berZnuli samarTlis 153, 166 da 172-e
muxlebidan momdinareobs batonymobis
mkacri xasiaTi vaxtangis samarTlis
wignis 235-e, 258-e da 259-e muxlebSi,
romlebic ymis uuflebo mdgomareobas
akanonebs. al. xaxanaSvils miaCnia, rom
bizantiis samarTlis didi gavlena qar-
Tul kulturasa da kanonmdeblobaze
aisaxa vaxtangis kanonebSi, magaliTad,
misi samarTlis wignis 25-e muxlSi da-
kanonebuli principi _ `mefisa da kaTa-
likosis saqme orisave swori ars da
aRbuRas kanonebis 102-e muxlis norma
578 Â. Cîêîëüñêèé, Ãðåêî-ðèìñêîå ïðàâî â óëîæåíèè ãðóçèíñêîãî öàðÿ Âàõòàíãà VI, Æóðí. ìèí. ïðîñâ. 1897, c.56-93, q.s.Z. I. gv. 639; 579 al. xaxanaSvili, `batonymoba saqarTvelosi~, 1910. meore gamocema, gv. 50-51.
223saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
`meore mefe episkopozi ars~ bizanti-
uri samarTlis normebia. bizantiam kidev
ufro meti gavlena daaCnia saqarTvelo-
Si qorwinebis, col-qmrobis kavSirisa
da ojaxis safuZvlebis ganmtkicebas~.580
rusi mecnieris m. kovalevskis azriT,
`qarTuli saojaxo da saqorwilo sa-
marTali mTlianad nasesxebia bizanti-
uri kanonikuri samarTlidan . romisa
da bizantiis samarTalma didi gavlena
moaxdina qalis uflebriv mdgomareoba-
ze qarTul samarTalSi. beqasa da aRbu-
Ras kanonebiT, qurdobisaTvis dasaxele-
buli ormagi sazRauri nasesxebia romis
samarTlidan~.58 1
vaxtangis samarTlis wignTa krebulSi
SesulTagan savaldebulo Zala mxolod
vaxtangis kanonebs hqondaT. germaneli
mkvlevaris d. holdakis azriT, ufro adre
igive azri gamoTqva haqsthauzenma.582
al. vaCeiSvilis azriT, `vaxtangis
krebulSi Sesuli sxva iuridiuli Ze-
glebi dadebiTi samarTlis damxmare
wyaros warmoadgendnen. moqmedi samar-
Tali mxolod da mxolod vaxtangis
debulebiT ar amoiwureboda, vaxtangis
debuleba sargeblobda upiratesobiT, ma-
gram sasamarTlos hqonda kompilaciis
sxva normebis Sefardebis ufleba, Tu
amas saWiroeba moiTxovda~.583
iv. surgulaZe ki miiCnevda, rom `vax-
tangis samarTlis wigni Sedgenili qarT-
lis samefo darbazis monawileobiT mo-
qmedebda mTel saqarTveloSi~.584
isidore doliZis azriT, XVIII da XIX
ss-is sasamarTlo aqtebi metyvelebs, rom
vaxtangis samarTlis wigni moqmedi samar-
Tali iyo, romelsac kanonis Zala hqonda.585
vaxtangis samarTalze gavlena mouxde-
nia Zvel saqarTveloSi arsebul sakanon-
mdeblo Zeglebs, amitomac igi qarTuli
erovnuli samarTlis yvelaze srulyofili
Zegli da marTlmsajulebis ZiriTadi sax-
elmZRvanelo wigni iyo gvianfeodalur
saqarTveloSi.586 iv. javaxiSvilis azriT,
Zvel saqarTveloSi vaxtangamdec arse-
bobda ucxo qveynebis sakanonmdeblo Ze-
glebis qarTuli Targmanebi, maT Zvela-
dac aerTianebdnen sxva qarTul ZeglebT-
an erT krebulSi.587 berZnuli da somxuri
samarTlis wignebi ueWvelad winaTac iqne-
boda, maTi arseboba vaxtangs ar scodnia
da xelaxla gadmouqarTulebia.588 d. fur-
celaZe sigel-gujrebis Seswavlis Sem-
deg mivida daskvnamde, rom qarTveli mo-
samarTleebi saqmis ganxilvisa da gadaw-
yvetilebis gamotanisas sargeblobdnen vax-
tangis krebulSi Setanili berZnuli da
somxuri kanonebiT.589 amasve werda daviT
batoniSvilic, giorgi XIII-is Ze, qarTu-
li samarTlis istoriis saukeTeso
mcodne .590
`samarTali vaxtang batoniSvilisa~
rogorc Cans, Tavdapirvelad, mTavrdebo-
da 204-e muxliT, romelsac mosdevda
bolosityvaoba. SesavalSi vaxtangi aRni-
Snavs, rom igi umciresi iyo ZmaTa Soris,
ineba `Tavad man ufalman gamoavlina pir-
iTa utyueliTa brZaneba codvilTa mowy-
aleba da myo me msajulad da gamged
RvTismSoblis wilxvdomili qveynisa~.59 1
vaxtangi, rogorc aRiniSna, werda, rom
580 al. xaxan aSvili, `bizantiis gavlena saqarTvelozed~, gaz . ̀ moambe~ 1901. #XII; 581 Ì. Êîâàëåâñêèé,Çàêîí è îáû÷àé íà Êàâêàçå, T. I, c. 110-134. q.s.Z. I. gv. 639; 582 Holldak, Zwei Grandsteine… 1907, p. 97-102, Haxthausen, Transcaucasia, II, 1856, p. 282. q.s. Z. I. gv. 638; 583 al. vaCeiSvili, narkve vebiqarTuli samarTlis istoriidan I , 1946, gv. 18; 584 iv. surgulaZe, saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa dasamarTlis istoriisaTvis, 1952, gv. 113; 585 q.s.Z. gv. 641; 586 i. doliZe , vaxtangis samarTlis wignTakrebulis Sedgeniloba da wyaroebi, q .s.Z . I . gv. 650; 58 7 iv. javaxiSvili, qarTuli samarTlisistoria, I. gv. 118-119; 588 iqve, gv. 119; 589 Ä. Ïóðöåëàäçå, Êðåñòúÿíñêèå ãðàìîòû, 1880, c. 20; 590 q.s.Z.I. gv. 652; 591 iqve, gv. 477.
224 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
samarTlis wignebi Seadgina `Tanayoli-
Ta da mowmobiTa~ domenti IV kaTaliko-
sisa. aseve , aragvis erisTavis Svilis
mTavarepiskoposis grigolisa da sxva
mitropolitis, episkoposebis, winamZRvre-
bis, sasuliero pirebis TanadgomiT. saer-
Tod ara marto sasuliero ierarqiis,
aramed saxelmwifo darbazis Tanamonaw-
ileobiTa da damtkicebiT _ `mowmobi-
Ta da TanazraxviTa yovelTa darbazis
erTa CvenTaTa~. 592
maSasadame , saxelmwifo darbazis
sxdomebze ixileboda vaxtangis kanone-
bi, romelmac sabolood miiRo igi. sax-
elmwifo darbazi, rogorc aRiniSna,
rodesac saeklesio sakiTxebs ixilavda
da darbazobaSi monawileobda umaRlesi
ierarqia, imavdroulad warmoadgenda
saeklesio krebas kaTalikosis meTauro-
biT. maSasadame, vaxtangis kanonebi mi-
iRo saeklesio krebamac, es kanonebi imave
dros saeklesio samarTlis normebia,
radganac misi mravali muxli swored
saeklesio sakiTxebs eZRvneba. sazoga-
dod, samarTlis dadgenis procesSi kaTa-
likosisa da episkoposebis monawileoba
iuridiuli normaa. magaliTad, zogier-
Ti muxli pirdapir miuTiTebs maT Care-
vas, 64-e muxliT gansazRvrulia colis
mtanjveli kacis mefis mier dasja da
miTiTebulia: `da kaTalikozmac asre
uyos~. 59 3 iqve miTiTebulia `is kaTa-
likozman icis~, muxli 65-e _ `tanjva
hyos kaTalikozman~, muxli 66-e _ ̀ kaTa-
likozman wurTniT unda Searigos~, mux-
li 79-e _ `kaTalikozman da mefem
gardaaxdevinos~, `moZRvarman icis misi
sakanoni~.594 muxli 96-e `es saqme kaTa-
likozma da mefem didad unda moikiTx-
on~ , muxli 97-e `kaTalikozisagan
592 q.s .Z., I., gv. 478; 593 iqve , gv. 428; 594 iqve , gv. 501; 595 iqve , gv. 525; 596 iqve, gv. 439.
gardaexdevineba~ da sxv. mTeli Tavi aqvs
daTmobili episkoposis sakiTxs, magali-
Tad, 175 -e muxlSi n aTqv amia , rom
saqarTveloSi episkoposebis Semosavali
mcirea da isini ar arian didi qonebis
patronebi, radganac `saqarTvelo Rari-
bi da usaqonlo qveyana aris, agre rigad
arc xelmwifis Semosavali aris, verc
amas episkoposis Zma da saxlis kaci
episkoposisagan iSoebs rasme misgan~.595
aseve sagangebo Tavi eZRvneba sasjels
`qveynisa da rjulis RalatisTvis~. ma-
galiTad, muxli 222-e ambobs _ `vinc
kacman qveyanas da qristes rjuls uo-
rgulos RvTisa da batonis orisav me-
sisxle iqnebis~.596
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania vaxtang-
is samarTalSi mocemuli pativis norme-
bi, romliTac saeklesio pirebi mikuTvneb-
ulni arian qveynis sxvadasxva ierarqi-
ul fenas. magaliTad, 25-e muxlis Tanax-
mad _`mefisa da kaTalikozis saqme ,
ukadrisi Tu rac ram feri, orisave swori
aris, imitom rome erTi xorcis xelm-
wife aris da meore sulisa, kurTxeva
da pativic RvTisagan da kacTagan swore
aqvT maTi saqme Cven swored dagviwe-
ria~. 26-e muxliT mTavarepiskoposi pa-
tiviT gaTanabrebulia didebul Tavad-
Tan, 27-e muxliT episkoposi pativiT
gaTanabrebulia Sua TavadTan; 28-e mux-
liT arqimandritis pativi gaTanabrebu-
lia mesame xarisxis TavadTan; winamZR-
varis pativi tolia gadidebuli aznau-
risa, mRvdel-monazvnis pativi Sua azn-
aurTan aris gaTanabrebuli, mRvdlis pa-
tivi _ calmogvi aznauris pativis to-
lia (mesame xarisxis aznauri, romelic
utoldeba meore xarisxis vaWars). mTa-
vardiakvnis pativi msaxuris pativis
225saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
tolia , romelic utoldeb a me same
xarisxis vaWars. (mitropolitis sisx-
li mTavarepiskoposis sisxlis mexuT-
eds Seadgens).597
vaxtangis kanonebi XIX s-is dasawyis-
Sic ki gamoiyeneboda saqarTveloSi rusu-
li mmarTvelobis nebiT, amitomac mis,
rogorc imperiis erT kuTxeSi moqmedi
samarTlis mimarT xelisufleba inter-
ess iCenda. igi iTargmna rusulad da
1828 wels gamoica peterburgSi mmarTve-
li senatis mier. frangulad igi Targm-
na mari brosem XIX s-is 30-ian wlebSi.
1887 wels meore rusuli gamocema ga-
naxorciela d. baqraZem q. TbilisSi.
frangi rodolf darestis TqmiT, vax-
tangis kanonebi `erT-erTi yvelaze sain-
tereso Zeglia samarTlis istoriaSi~.598
igi warmoadgens ara mxolod samoqalaqo,
aramed saeklesio samarTlis erT-erT
wyaros, amitomac misi Seqmna-SemuSave-
bis droidan dRemde saqarTvelos ek-
lesiis istoriis mkvlevarTa Seswavlis
obieqts warmoadgens.
597 q.s .Z., I., gv. 481; 598 iqve, gv. 673.
`samarTali batonisSvilis vaxtangisa~
[amokrefili muxlebi]
q. myofisa umyofisa, arsisa da uarsisa damaarsisa, mqebi, araTu Rirsad daSeZlebisa Cemisaebr mqebeli da mmonebeli, udebad mqone mpovnel viqmen.
viTarca mefeni, dRiTi-dRe mrevelni HelTa margalitTa Sina, da hpoebenmZivTa raTame, da uxilvelobisaTvis aRiReben da STasdeben saunjed, patiosanTaSemkobiT upatiosned margalitTa hyofen, egreTve ufalman Cvenman, mbadman yovel-Taman da sibrZniT gamgebelman, mpova margalitTa Sina mravalTa da aRmiRomsgavsad Hmisa amis meca egreTve, _ umcires viyav me ZmaTa CemTa Soris da umrwmessaxlisa Cemisa, da vmwysidi Tavsa Cemsa ugunurad da TavHedad, Helni Cemni iyvnenmoqmed araris keTilisa, da TiTni Cemni vera romelsa iSromebden nebasa uflisasa,aramed iyvnen uqm. vinme miuTxra esodeni borotni Cemni ufalsa Cemsa.
xolo Tavadman ufalman gamoavlina piriTa utyueliTa bZaneba, codvilTamowyaleba, da aRmiRo me unarCevesobasa saxlisa Cemisagan da myo me msajulad daganmged wilHdomilTa queyanaTa ubiwod mSobelisa dedisa Tvisisa araTu qmnile-baTa raTame keTilTa CemTaTvis, aramed unarCevesobisa CemisaTvis, amisTvismca,raTa scnan yovelTa, raTa uswavlelTa da umecarTagan sTnavs da nebavs srulmy-ofelsa R~Tsa maradis gonebakeTilisa.
226 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
i yo q ue ya na e se q arTlisa yovliTurT keTiliTa Sem kul da Sezav eb ul,xolo cvaleb iTa dReTa da v iT areb iTa J amTaTa Tv iT si brZniT da T av iTTvisiT sjiden da ganagebden, vieTnime moyusobiT, vieTnime megobrobiT, vieT-nime moridebiT, vieTnime R~Tis uridvelobiT da vieTnime miRebiTa qrTami-Ta, _ viTarca enebaT, sjiden.
xolo Cven, nebiTa R~TisaTa da wyalobiTa didis HelmwifisaTa, pirveliT-ganve zeciT saqarTvelos mefed gankuTnilisa da aw sasufevel caTa Sina sulbrwy-inulad manaTobelisa, pirvel vaxtang wodebulisa, xolo Semdgomad sparsTa eniTaSahnavaz Hmobilisa,
Zisa misisa, sruliad qeba-SemsgavsebiT Zniad misaTxrobelisa qarTvelTa me-fisa da eranelTa sfadar-spasalarisa, amilbar-spaspetisa, uTvalavisa da uam-ravis spisa da laSqris mewinaved Cenilisa, uvneblad da mterze ZleviT maarebe-lisa, yandaarisa da qirmanis beglarbegisa, giriSqisa da hailaTis mWiravisa,Zlierisa da uZlevelisa, pirvel giorgi wodebulisa da aw maRlis HelmwifisaganwyalobiT meore SahnavazobiT Hmobilisa,
magierad myofman, Zeman eranis mdivanbegis levan Hmobilisa, aw Sahyulixanwodebulisaman, saqarTvelos janiSinman da gamgebelman batoniSvilman patronmanvaxtang, winaTqmulTa amisTvis viwadeT sasamarTlosa wignisa aRwera.
pirvel “dabadebisa”, moses mier qmnili samarTalni, da kvalad berZenTa dasomexTa wignTagan gardmoTargmnebuli, egreTve kaTalikozisa, mefis giorgisa dabeqas ganCinebuli samarTlebi SevkribeT da ese yoveli zemore werebulman gamcnosT.
xolo eseca scanT, iguleT da igulismodgineT, da romelic genebosT daumjobes giCndesT, miT sjideT da samarTalsa iqmodeT.
aw viwyoT ganaCenisa amis, Cven mier aRwerilisaTvis.romelni ixilavT da ismenT, nuravin hgonebT, TviT mxolod TaviT TvisiT
rasame vyofdeT, aramed TanayoliTa da mowmeobiTa mRdel-mTavrisa da didisdedaqalaqisa mcxeTisa da kvarTsa zedan sauflosa svetisa RmrTiv aRmarTebulisada miron-aRmocenebulis, saWed-mpyrobelisa da HarisHsa zedan mtkiced mdgomel-isa, Zmisa Cvenisa, batoniSvilis kaTalikozis domentisiTa,
egreTve TanadgomiTa aragvis erisTviSvilis mTavarebiskopozis grigoliTi dasxvaTa mitrapolit-ebiskopoz-winamZRvarTa da samRrToganTaTa,
da mowmeobiTa da TanazraxviTa muxranis batonis erekleTi, aragvis erisTavisgiorgiTa, qsnis erisTvis daviTisiTa, orbeliZe sardris luarsab iTa, ami-laxoris avTa ndiliTa, m div anb eg is erastiTa da s xv aTa yovelTa darb aziserTa Cv enTaTa,
da kiTxviTa WkuaTa myofelTa da moxucebulTa kacTaTa gavaCineT da davwereT,romelsa mivwvdiT da anu gonebani Cvenni samarTalTa mixudnen.
227saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
amiT ufro viqmeniT mizez wignisa amis, rameTu aRaravin gandrikos sasworsasamarTlisasa qrTamiT, gina moyusobiT anu sxvefriv riTme midgomiTa, aramedpirvel ganaCenni ixilon, da axali eseca, da romelic enebos mosamarTlesa, miTiqmodes samarTalsa.
me es wigni asre ar damiweria da arca viCemeb, rome ara akldes ra. bevri aseTisaCivrebi aris da mova, rome zogi ver movigoneT da arc miswudebis kacis goneba.
vinc mixudes rasme da moigonos, CaurTos da Casweros, kargsa da marTebuls iqs.
25. mefisa da kaTalikozis saqme, ukadrisi Tu rac ram feri, orisave sworiaris, amitom rome erTi Horcis Helmwife aris da meore - sulisa, kurTxeva dapativic RuTisagan da kacTagan swore aqvT. dastur, mefes ufross pativs scemen,magrame Horcielis SiSiT iqmonen. amitom maTi saqme Cven swored dagviweria. Tuara sjobdes, vinc ukeT icodes, Cven nuras gvabralebs, iman daweros.
numca vin ikadrebs da numca vis SeemTxveDs eseviTari, romeli avnebs Horcsa daumetesad sulsa, nuca samRTo kacisa da nuca sxvaTa ZeTa adamisaTa, _ romelsa mevHmob, eseviTari.
nu Tu pirveliTganve samoTxidam pirvelisa mamis, adamis, gamomZebelman, dauZine-belman, maradis mbrZolman da mterman, uxilavman eSmakman TvisiTa manqanebiTa dasabrHe-gebiTa aRZras bunebani kacTani Surad da kulad kacisad, gina saRmToganTazedan, gina Tu didebulTa da Tavadsa zedan anu Tu aznaurTa da glexTa zedan, anuTu mama Zesa da Ze mamazeda, gina Zma Zmazeda da moyuasi moyuaszeda, - eseviTarssaqmes SeemTxvios, mas ukan amis meti aRara gaewyobis ra, rogorc dagveweros, asreunda iqnas.
26. didebulis Tavadis mTeli sikudilis sisxli - aTas xuTas ocdaTequsmetiTumani. am didebulis Tavadis tolad - mTavarebiskopozis sisxli. am mTavareb-iskopozis sisxlze mexuTed naklebad - mitropolitis sisxli.
27 . dideb uls quemoTis, Suas Tav adis si sxli - Svi das sa mocdarv a Tu-m a ni. a m a sT a n , asre - dide b uli s s axli s kaci s si s xli . a m a sTa n , a sre -e bi s ko pozi s s is xli .
28. amas quemoTs, mesames Tavadis sisxli - samas oTxmocdaoTxi Tumani.amasTan, asre - arqimandritis sisxli.
29. gadidebulis a znauris sis xli - as oTxmocdaTormeti Tumani. a masTanasre - winamZRvris si sxli.
30. amas quemoTis, Suas aznauris sisxli - oTxmocdaTequsmeti Tumani. amasTan,asre - mRdel-monoznis sisxli. amasTanve, amis mexuTed sisxl-daklebiT, _ mwirismonoznisa. am Suas aznauris mTelis sisxlis toladve - didebulis didvaWrismoqalaqis sisxli.
228 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
31. calmogvis, mesames aznauris sisxli - ormocdarva Tumani, amasTan, asre -mRvdlis sisxli. amasTan - didebulis vaWris quemoTis, meores vaWris sisxli.
32. amasTan, asre daklebiT, msaxuris sisxli - ocdaoTxi Tumani. amasTan -mTavardiakvnis sisxli. amasTan - Suas vaWris quemoT, mesames vaWris sisxli.
64. magram kaci rom cols stanjDdes da upatiurad epyrobodes, da uri-gos uSurebode s , mef em i s k aci daa b as , datuqsos , a vad m ie p yra s da kaTa-likozmac asre uyos.
sxva amas garda Tu ram col-qrmobaSi urigo ram moHdes, is kaTalikozman icis.65. Tu colman qmari moklas anu wamliT anu, sxva riTme, gasinjeT, risTvis
mouklavs. Tu aseTi ram eqnas, rom emarTlebodes, Tqven iciT; da Tu ubralomokla, egec Tqven iciT. R~Tn nu qnas, da Tu Cvens JamSi moHda, Cven viciT.
Tu colman qmars an sces, an daWras, didi gvema da tanjva uyos kaTalikozman.66. coli da qmari ragind sZulden erTmaneTsa, ubralod gayra ar iqnebis,
kaTalikozma wurTniT unda Searigos.
79. agreve moHdeba, ded-mamaSi sxvac ram umarTebulo moHdes. Tu gamoCndes, kaTa-likozma da mefem gardaaHdevinos; Tu ar gamoCndes, moZRvarma icis misi sakanono.
106. sasaflao, xati, jvari, saydris mamuli erTia. Tu ar gahyofen, isi sjobs,saydris ymasa.
[ebiskopozis beiTalmalisa asre iqnas] 175. ebiskopozis beiTalmali CvensmixdomaSi srulobiT saydrisa unda iyos, magrame viTac saqarTvelo Raribi dausaqonlo queyana aris, agre rigad arc Helmwifis Semosavali aris, verc arasebis kopozis Zma da saxlis kaci e biskopozisagan iSoebs rasme m isgan, romeebiskopozis damarxva SeiZlos, amitom uwinac ase yofila garigebuli da aRarcCven movSaleT.
asre iqnebodes. romelic saydris rigi da iaraRi ebizkopozs iq daxudomia,imas gardais kidev Tu TviTon Tavis JamSi an Tavis kondakiT da an saydrismamulidam saydrisaTvis gaukeTebia ram da Seuwiravs, is saydars ar moeSlebis.
da imaT gareTad Tu ram darCebis TeTri, farCa, vercxli, puri, Rvino dapirutyui, imisgan erTi wili saHelmwifo aris, erTi wili saydrisa, erTi wiliebiskopozis Zmebisa, rom ebiskopozi damarxon.
[bolosityvaoba]. q. TviT, TaviT TvisiT aRmometyueli wignisa amis samsaju-losa da momRebeli winaSe yovelTa myofTa da yofadTa, Ze mefeTa da ganmgebeliqarTvelTa erTa, batoniSvili vaxtang, kualad vityvi Tquenda.
eha, warCinebulno da R~Tisa erTuflebisa da samTviTebis gulmHurvlad ma-didebelno da Seuorgulebulno sakuTarno mamano, kaTalikozno, ebiskopozno,
229saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
599 qarTuli samarTlis Zegllebi, t. I, 1963, gv . 477-539.
mitrapolitno, winamZRvarno, mRdelno da sxvano samRrToganno, da SemdgomadCvenda mefeno, ufliswulno, didebulno, Tavadno, aznaurno da yovelno myofnoqarTlisano, romelni hgiebT da kvalad sxvani egebodeT, da ixilevdeT naRvawTada werebulTa wignTa amaT sasamarTloTa, Cven mier TqmulTa da Tqvenda momarTmoRebulsa, pirvelve dasawyisman wignisa amisamanve gamcnosT da munve mogiTxrasT,Tu viTar mizez veqmeniT aRwerad TviToeulad samarTalTa.
friadiTa SromiTa da mravlisa gamomeZieblobiTa TviT vigulismodgineT.romelsa zedan mowmoba darTes erTa CvenTa srulobiT sa mRrToTa da ginasamHedroTaman, brZenman da monaxulman, yovelmanve erTbamad. da ese esreT arsSemzadebuli.
xolo sxvanic zemore xsenebulni wignebi sasamarTloni didTa samefoTani, mov-iZieT da moviReviT, da mravlis sasjeliTa vidre welTa meoredmde gardmovTargm-neT. da iginica uklebelad aRgviweries da ars Semkobili yovlisa samarTliTa.
aramed, vinaTgan qarTvelTa wesni da qcevani sxva rame ars da ara mihgavssxvaTa queyanisa rigTa da qceulebaTa, sxva ars didebuli da Tavadi, sxva arssisxli da sikudili, sxva ars Ralati da ukadrisi, amad eseviTarisa samarTalnisxvaTa ganaCenTa Sina moklebiT ipoebis da maTi wigni ufros Cvenda uHmar ars.
nu siqadulad SemiracxavT, da vgonebT umjobesad yovelTasa wignsa amas, sasarge-blod queyanisa amisad. amad nuravin sZulobs da iundovebs.
aw viajebi yoelTa da isminon ese. romelman brZenman da gulisHmismyovelmanmsajulman da mosamarTleman aRmokveTisaTvin qrTamTa da miudgomlobisTvin moyuas-Ta da Tvaluxvavad sjaTa wvrTilebisaTvin imZulvaroT wigni ese da moiZagoT, daineboT Secvla samarTalTa sxvebr raTme, amas nu hyofT, nuca garyvniT werilTaCvenTa, romeli aRgveweros. aramed romelman umjobesi sibrZniT TvisiT hpoos,igi CarTviT, Tvisve Tqmulad, sad enebos, mun daweros da igic egos.
xolo romelman ara isminos vedreba ese da moSalos samarTlebi Cveni, sxvebrSecvalnes, codvaTa CvenTa mier igimca daisjebis.
222. q. vinc kacma queyanas da qristes rjuls uorgulos, kidec xedevdes, imiTrjuli waHdebodes, imas miyues, _ R~Tisa da batonisa orisav mesisxle iqnebis dayoveli avi imaze marTebuli aris.59 9
230 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
1748 wlis 16 noembers mefe Teimu-
razis Z is ere kle I I - is brZ ane b iT
mowveul iqna saeklesio kreba. es kreba
warmoadgenda cdas, aRdgeniliyo Zveli
qarTuli saeklesio-saxelmwifoebrivi
wesrigi. saqme is iyo, rom 1632 wlidan
vidre 1744 wlamde sparsTa mier gauqme-
buli iyo qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis
erovnuli saxe, qarTl-kaxeTs marTavd-
nen mahmadiani mmarTvelebi. erovnul-
qristianuli saeklesio-samoqalaqo er-
Toba, romelsac ZvelqarTuli saxelm-
wifoebrioba efuZneboda, moispo. qarT-
lis mahmadiani mmarTvelebi `mSvidobi-
ani cxovrebis~ niRbiT faravdnen erov-
nul-qarTuli suliskveTebis daTrgun-
vasa da Cakvlas. `SeeriaT qarTvelTa
gancxroma, sma-Wama yizilbaSuri, siZ-
va, mruSoba, tyuvili, xorcTa gansvene-
ba, abano, keklucoba ugvani, meCange,
mgosani. rameTu ama saqmeTa moqmedTa-
gan kide aravis scemdnen pativsa~ yiz-
ilbaSnio, _ wers vaxuSti batoniSvili.
erovnuli tradiciebis Sinagani rRveva
_ represiebze ufro metad saSiS mov-
lenas warmoadgenda qarTvelebisaTvis.600
qarTveloba gadagvarda, eklesiam
dakarga Zveli saxelmwifoebrivi fun-
qciebi da xalxis zneobazec gavlenas
veRar axdenda. qveyana gairyvna, erovnu-
loba Seirya. qarTvelebma icodnen, rom
mironcxebuli (e .i. qristiani) mefis
taxtze asvla yvela am ubedurebas bo-
los mouRebda imiT, rom qarTuli sax-
elmwifo erovnul xasiaTs daibruneb-
da. SemuSavda sagangebo programa saqar-
Tbilisis III saeklesio kreba (16.XI.1748 w.)
Tvelos `gamoxsnisa da aRdgomisa~, yve-
laze mowinave Zalebi Cveni qveynisa
`gamoxsnis~ qveS gulisxmobdnen mahma-
dianuri saxelmwifoebis uRlisagan sa-
qarTvelos gaTavisuflebas da erovnul-
qristianuli saxelmwifoebriobis aRd-
genas, xolo ̀ aRdgomis~ qveS igulisxme-
boda didi saqarTvelos aRdgena `daru-
bandidan nikofsiamde~ (e.i. gamahmadi-
anebuli mesxeTis, saingilosa da afx-
azeTis _ dedasamSoblos wiaRSi dab-
runeba). marTlac, aswlovanma moRva-
weobam Tavisi Sedegi gamoiRo. 1744 wlis
1-el oqtombers akurTxes qarTlis qris-
tiani mefe Teimurazi sveticxovelSi.
esaa ubednieresi TariRi qarTuli erisa
da eklesiis aTaswlovan cxovrebaSi.
rogorc iTqva, mahmadianTa mmarTve-
lobisas yovelmxriv (sulierad da eko-
nomikurad) dauZlurda qarTuli ekle-
sia. saWiro iyo saqmis swrafi gamos-
woreba, risTvisac didad uRvawia Cvens
udides patriarqs anton I kaTalikoss.
Cans, igi ramdenime wlis manZilze amza-
debda saeklesio krebas. 1748 wels, qris-
tian mefeTa taxtis aRdgenidan sul male,
Sedga saeklesio kreba qalaq TbilisSi.
krebis mizani Cans gamocemul kanonebSi,
krebam aRniSna: `vinaidgan pirvel amaT-
sa warmarTni mefeni flobdes qarTvel-
Ta, ranTa, kaxTa da yovlobiTad ersa
RmrTisasa da qristes cxovarTa ara
avlendes wrfelad mwvanilovansa, aramed
aZovebdes ekalTa da kurosTavTa zeda
da amaT mizezTa mier naTlad sja da
sjulis xedva mifarul iyo da umecar-
600 l. menabde, qarTlis kaTalikosi evdemoz I, saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, 1986, #1, gv. 101.
231saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Ta werilisaTa ganryvnil iyo da daknineb-
ul kanuni da wesi eklesiisa~.601
e.i. aqamde `warmarTi~ (igulisxmeba
mahmadiani) mefeebi flobdnen qarTl-kax-
eTs, isini `qristes cxovarT~ (e.i. qris-
tianebs, qarTvelebs) mwvane saZovars ki
ar aZovebdnen, aramed nar-ekals, amis gamo
gairyvna kanoni da saeklesio wesi, gone-
bac dabnelebuli iyo (`naTlad sja~)
saRmrTo werilis arcodnis gamoo.
`maSin RmrTis msaxurman mefeman, yov-
lad sanatrelman patriarqman , wmidaTa
mitropolitTa, arqiepiskoposTa, arqi-
mandritTa da mRvdelTa sulisa mxur-
valebiTa moiRes pirvelad mtkice brZa-
neba wmidis saxarebisa da samociqulosa
kanunisa da wmidaTa SvidTa msoflioTa
krebaTa da wamebiTa maTiTa aRavses naklu-
vaneba eklesiisa, daamtkices da daaweses
kanuni ese 27~.602
aRsaniSnavia, rom es kreba saqarTve-
los eklesias xazgasmiT uwodebs `samo-
ciqulo eklesias~. erekle mefemo, nabr-
Zanebia am ZeglSi, `Semokribna mwyemsni
sityvierTa kravTani mtkicesa Sina qalaqsa
tfilisisa, saRmrToTa samsjelmmarTebel-
sa palatsa Sina yovelTa Txemisa samo-
ciqulosa eklesiisaY~.
eklesiam aRniSna Tavisi marTlmadide-
bluri mimarTuleba imiT, rom aRiara
mxolod Svidi msoflio krebis avtori-
teti, kaTolikuri eklesia aRiarebs ara
Svid, aramed gacilebiT ufro meti kre-
bis avtoritets, radganac X-XVII ss-
Si, erTobis droindeli Svidi msoflio
krebis Semdeg kaTolikur samyaroSi
Catarda mravali gaerTianebuli kreba,
romelTac kaTolikeni `msoflio~ kre-
bad moixsenieben. 1748 wlis saeklesio
krebis mier, rogorc aRiniSna, mxolod
Svidi saeklesio krebis damowmeba qarTu-
li eklesiis wmida, marTlmadideblur
tradiciul mimarTulebaze miuTiTebda.
miuxedavad Sinagani marTlmadide-
bluri bunebisa, kreba qarTul eklesias
`samociqulos~ uwodebs. saqme isaa, rom
sityva `samociqulo~ Tavis TavSi Sei-
cavs Rrma saeklesio-iuridiul datvirT-
vas. Zvelad samociqulo eklesia Tavisi
iurisdiqciis qveS myofi teritoriis
mTel mkvidr mosaxleobas Tavis samwy-
sod ganixilavda, e.i. miaCnda, rom nebi-
smieri moqalaqe, mis samwysoSi Semava-
li, unda SeerTeboda im sarwmunoebriv
aRmsareblobas, romelsac mociqulis mier
naqadagebad Tvlida. saqarTvelos magal-
iTze es aseT saxes iRebda: saqarTvelo-
Si mociqulTa da mociqulTa swor wm.
ninos mier marTlmadidebluri sarwmu-
noeba miiRo mTelma mosaxleobam, anu
qarTvelma erma, SemdgomSi JamTa viTare-
bisa da mterTa Semosevebis gamo saqarTve-
los eklesiis am samwysoSi, anu qarTu-
li mosaxleobis erT nawilSi ucxo ek-
lesiebma gaavrceles ucxo sarwmunoe-
bani (magaliTad, monofizitoba, kaTo-
likoba, mahmadianoba), mosaxleobis am
ukv e aramarTlmadide blur nawilsac
qarTuli eklesia Tavis samwysod miiC-
nevda Tavisi samociquloobis gamo da
Tvlida, rom mas ufleba hqonda emuSava
qarTvel kaTolikeebTan, mahmadianebTan,
grigorianebTan, warmarTebTan, raTa isini
dabrunebodnen mociqulTa mier naqad-
ageb sarwmunoebas, Tavis dedaeklesias.
maSasadame, marTlmadideblobas. es ter-
mini (`samociqulo~) saeklesio-iuridi-
ul datvirTvas Seicavda da `samociqu-
lod~ wodebiT saqarTvelos eklesia mTel
mkvidr mosaxleobas, anu mTel ers sar-
601 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, III, gv. 798; 602 iqve, gv. 799.
232 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
wmunoebrivi orientaciis miuxedavad
Tavis kanonier samwysod Tvlida.
1748 wlis krebis kanonSi `patriar-
qi antoni~ Tavis Tavs ̀ sruliad saqarTve-
los msajulvels~ uwodebs.603 marTlac,
qarTlis kaTalikosi, rogorc wina saek-
lesio krebebis (magaliTad, `samarTali
kaTalikosTa~) ganxilvidan Cans, sruliad
saqarTvelos eklesiis upirvelesi sa-
suliero msajuli, kanonmdebeli iyo. xe-
lrTvebSic antoni Tavis Tavs aRmosav-
leT saqarTvelos kuTxeebTan erTad ̀ sam-
cxe-saaTabagosa da yovlisa qvemo saqar-
Tvelosa~ patriarqs uwodebs.604 ucx-
our (berZnul) wyaroebSi afxazeTis, anu
dasavleT saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos
`qvemo iberiis saarqiepiskoposo~ ewode-
ba, msgavsadve qarTul sabuTebSic dasav-
leT saqarTvelos `qvemo iveria~, anda
`qvemo saqarTvelo~ ewodeba, aRmosav-
leT saqarTvelos ki ̀ zemo~. antoni Tavis
Tavs aRmosavleT da dasavleT saqar-
Tvelosa da rac yuradsaRebia, im dros
ukve gamahmadianebuli samcxe-saaTaba-
gos patriarqs uwodebs. mizezi amisa
iyo is, rom `samociqulo~ qarTuli ek-
lesiis meTauri Tavis samwysod Tvlida
gamahmadianebul qarTvelebsac da iRv-
woda maTi dedaeklesiis wiaRSi dab-
runebisaTvis.
krebis mier gamocemul kanonTa 1-
eli _ me-6 muxlebi exeba eklesiis mow-
yobasa da wirva-locvis momzadebis wes-
rigis dacvas. me-7 _ 16-e muxlebi Seex-
eba mRvdelTa garegnuli da zneobrivi
saxis dacvas. me-17 _ 19-e muxlebi mi-
TiTebaa episkoposebisadmi saeklesio wes-
rigis dacvis Sesaxeb, me-20 _ 24-e mux-
lebi exeba qorwinebis sakiTxebs, 25-e
muxli exeba naTlobis sakiTxs, 26-e
muxli Seexeba saeklesio mamulebis
saqmes, 27-e muxli Seexeba zvarakis (cx-
vris, pirutyvis) dakvlis akrZalvas ek-
lesiis SemogarenSi. saerTod, aRsaniS-
navia, rom es kanonebi SemuSavebulia
rusul eklesiaSi miRebuli Targis Se-
sabamisad. magaliTad, me-4 muxli krZa-
lavs trapezis `kedelsa zeda aRkvras~,
maSin roca ZvelqarTul patara zomis
eklesiebSi sakurTxevlis simciris gamo
mouxerxebeli iyo trapezis Sua adgil-
as (`saSualos zeda~) dafuZneba da pirda-
pir adgamdnen aRmosavleT kedels. rusul
eklesiaSi msgavsi praqtika ar arsebob-
da, amitomac krebam qarTul eklesiaSic
akrZala. 27-e muxliT aikrZala zvar-
akis dakvla eklesiis ezoSi, maSin roca
aRmosavleTis qristianul eklesiebSi
miRebuli iyo cxovelis dakvla, Sesa-
bamisi locvac ki arsebobda, saqme isaa,
rom es zvaraki miiCneoda ara RvTisadmi
Sesawirad, aramed eklesiisadmi da Rv-
Tisadmi pativiscemis gamosaxatavad da
Senawirad (iseve rogorc, vTqvaT, Senawi-
ri iyo fuli, sanTeli, naWeri da sxv.).
msoflio eklesiisa da am SemTxvevaSi
rusuli praqtikisaTvis ucxo iyo es uZ-
velesi eklesiis qristianuli gadmonaS-
Ti _ 1748 wels krebamac akrZala. amis
msgavsi sxva magaliTebic aris.
krebis mier gamocemul kanonebs,
romelTac TavianTi mniSvneloba dResac
ar daukargavs, xels aweren erekle mefe
kaxeTisa da `mmarTveli qarTlisa~, an-
ton kaTalikosi, amba alaverdeli episko-
posi, mcxeTeli (samTavroeli) episkopo-
si da goris mitropoliti, tfileli,
xornabujeli (qiziyeli), ninowmideli,
mroveli, nekres-gremeli, wilkneli,
kawareli, urbneli, xargisTvaleli,
603 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, III, gv. 798; 604 iqve, gv. 803.
233saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
samTavneli, Werem-qalaqeli episkopose-
bi, qvaTaxevis arqimandriti, kaxTa me-
fis karis winamZRvari, qarTlis mefis
karis winamZRvari, `didi eklesiis~ (al-
baT, sveticxovlis) ikonomosi, xeli
moaweres patriarqis moZRvarma da me-
fis xucesma, kaxTa mefis dekanozma, ala-
verdis eklesiis dekanozma.
saerTod, 1748 wlis kreba es iyo
samagaliTo, saCvenebeli, didi kreba,
romelic Rrma Seswavlas moiTxovs. es
kreba cdilobda ruis-urbnisisa da Zve-
li qarTuli krebebis kanonSemoqmedebi-
sa da sisavsis restavracia-aRdgenas,
amasTanave, cdilobda rusul eklesiaSi
danergili praqtikis gadmoRebasac.
Tedo Jordania am krebis Sesaxeb wers:
`kreba gaixsna anton kaTalikosis pal-
atebSi, damswreTa Soris iyo erekle II,
krebis dros magidaze esvena cxovelmy-
ofeli jvarpatiosani, wmida saxareba
da sjuliskanoni. krebis Sedegs mema-
tian e mokled, magram n aTlad gad-
mogvcems, rom `ganarCives da aRmofx-
vres yovelive uwesod qcevani da daudves
mociqulT da mRvdelmTavarT kanoni
sjuli mtkice da Seuryeveli qristiano-
bisa, romelsa mogiTxrobT wmida kanoni
maTi~... mematiane miuTiTebs agreTve epar-
qiaTa raodenobasa (15 yofila, 8 qarTlSi
da 7 kaxeTSi) da maTi sazRvrebis dad-
genaze, rogorc Cans, Znelbedobis Jams
daqvrivebuli eparqiebi ganaxlda da
krebis mere ar darCa arc erTi, Tavisi
episkoposi rom ar hyoloda. RvTismsax-
urebis gaumjobesebisa da sxvadasxva na-
klovanebaTa aRmofxvrisaTvis brZolaSi
saukeTeso saSualebad miiCnies stambis
gaxsna da saRvTismetyvelo wignebis beWd-
va. krebam didi Sroma gaswia im stambis
mosaZieblad, romelic vaxtang VI-m Camo-
atanin a vlaxeTidan (1709), magram ,
romelic droTa ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelo-
dan ruseTSi aRmoCnda. gansakuTrebiT
gaisarja kaTalikosi, mas mefec daexma-
ra, stamb a gamarTes da dab eWdili
wignebiT `aivso qarTlio~, wers mema-
tiane. aq daibeWda yvela saRvTismetyve-
lo wigni, garda Tvenisa da sadResaswau-
losa. am stambidan gamosul zogierT
wigns saeklesio wirva-locvebis dros
vxmarobdiT Cven XX s-is 70-80-ian wleb-
Sic. stamba arsebobda 1795 wlamde. vi-
dre sparseTis Sahma aRa-mahmad-xanma ar
daangria Tbilisis dapyrobis dros.
am krebis erTgvar gagrZelebas war-
moadgens meore kreba, romelic kaTali-
kosma moiwvia mcxeTaSi 1749 wlis de-
kemberSi, rogorc Cans, kreba moulod-
n e l ad C at ard a d a mo i w v i e s i s
mRvdelmTavrebi, vinc erekles meuRlis,
dedofal anas dakrZalvas eswrebodnen.
amjerad, Tavyrilobis mizezi iyo is qris-
tianuli wesCveulebani, ramac Tavi iCi-
na dedoflis datirebisa da dasaflave-
bis dros da Seavso pirveli krebis dad-
genilebani. mematiane mokled SeniSnavs:
`iqmn a wmida kreb a da aRmofxvres
qarTlisa qveyanisagan saqme yoveli uje-
ro, wmidaman patriarqman antonim gan-
marTna gandrekile ba da winaaRmdegi
sjulisa, tirili da ujero kerpuri
glova yovelive daayenes~. aRniSnul
krebaze gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqca
xalxis zne-Cveulebebis ganwmendas, garda
amisa, Zveli qarTuli saeklesio kanon-
ebis Tanaxmad kvlav daaweses didi ja-
rima imaT winaaRmdeg, vinc miRebul wes-
debas uaryofda~.605
605 T. Jordania, `anton I~, saRvTismetyvelo krebuli, #1, 1991, gv. 66.
234 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
`kanonni~ _ 1748 wlis saeklesio krebisa
[sruli teqsti]
[1] saTnoyofiTa RmrTisa yovelTa mbadisaTaQ iqvelgulsmodgina rtoman dav-iTisaman, RmrTiv-cxebulis Teimuraz mefis Zeman irakli pankrationman, kaxTamefeman, ganmgebelman qarTlisaman, xolo TDT vidreme RmrTiTa pinaqsul sjuleb-Ta marTl-meaRsareman aRaxuna gonebis cis naTlis bWeni da wadierebis RrubliTaSemokribna mwyemsni sityvierTa kravTani mtkicesa Sina qalaqsa tfilisisaQ, saRm-rToTa samsjelm-marTebelosa palatsa Sina, yovelTa Txemisa samociqulos ek-lesiisaTa, Tan-Tnebo-zraxva-jer-CinebiTa yovlad sanatrelsa, TDT misve sa-daviTos sqesiTisa mefis Zis antoni patriarqisaTa, sruliad saqarTvelos msa-julvelisaTaQ, romelTa saukunomca arian kurTxevani;
vinaQdgan pirvel amaTsa warmarTni mefeni flobdes qarTvelTa, ranTa, kaxTada yovlobiTad ersa RmrTisasa da qristes cxovarTa ara avlendes wrfeladmwvanvilovansa, aramed aZovebdes ekalTa da kurosTavTa zeda; da amaT mizezTa miernaTlad sja da sjuls-xedva mifarul iyo da umecrebiTa werilisaTa ganryuniliyo da dakninebul kanuni da wesi eklesiisaQ.
maSin RmrTis msaxurman mefeman, yovlad sanatrelman patriaqman, wmidaTamitropolitTa, arqiepiskoposTa, arqimanditTa da mRdelTa sulisa mxurvalebi-Ta, miiRes pirvelad mtkice brZanebaQ wmidisa saxarebisa da samociqulos ka-nunisaQ da wmidaTa SvidTa msoflioTa krebaTa, da wamebiTa maTiTa aRavses naklu-levaneba eklesiisa, daamtkicnes da dawernes kanuni ese kz Tav-Taveoanad, Tvesanoenmbersa ig, dResa kviriakesa, qristes aqeT aTas SDdas ormocdarva:
[2]1. uflis qristes sZalsa, eklesiis Sina wmida trapezsa zeda, TDnier saxare-bisa, samkveTlosa, odikisa da juaris, nuravin xel-yofs Jamis-wirvad.
2. ityvis wmida ese RmrTiv kreba, raTa aqundes sakurTxevelsa kankels, samnikarni: saSual, imier da amier, romel ese friad jer-ars. da kulad simciris daiwroebisaTDs eklesiisa, orni oden qmnan karni. xolo erTisa karisa qmnas nuravinikadrebs, rameTu ujero ars da uSver saqme ese. xolo kankeli SeZlebisaebr, rom-lisaca risme qmnan nivTisaQ.
3. odes iqmnes JamTagan daZvelebuli da daglejili wmidaQ odiki, gina damw-vari cecxliTa saSual anu kerZo misi, gina gardaufareblad da SiSvlad iyoswmidaQ trapezi, amaT mizezTa mier wmidaQ msxverplis Sewirva dagviyenebia.
235saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
4. ama krebisa Semdgomad vamcnebT yovelTa marTlmorwmuneTa qristianeTa :uk ueTu vi nme in ebon gulsmodgin eb iT aRSen eba RmrTis a e klesi isa , jer-arsmaTda, raTa wmidaQ trapezi sakurTxevels saSuals zeda daafuZnon, raTa gareSemouvliden mRdelni, xolo kedelsa zeda aRkrva wmidis trapezisa ujero arsda nuravin ikadrebs.
5. vamcnebT episkoposTa sityvierTa cxovarTasa, raTa umecarni werilisanisadiakonni da samRdeloni, romelTa ara uwyoden wakiTxva keTilad wmidisa sax-arebisa, samociqulos ebistolisa, kurTxevnisa da kondakisa, ara miiRon maT zedakurTxeva da niWi sulisa wmidisa, romel-ese sruliad gangvigdies, rameTu viTaregebis umecarTagan msaxureba wmidisa trapezisaQ.
6. Jamsa wmidisa Jamis-wirvisasa, ukeTu oden ara aqvndes mRdelsa sanTeliaRsanTebelad da sakmeveli kmevad, nu ikadreben wirvad, aramed daecados.
[3] 7. ukeTu oden ipovnen mRdelni eklesiisani, saeriskacoTa mokliTa sa-mosliTa mosilni aRkvarTulad, ganiwvarTnen episkoposisagan, rameTu friad uS-vereba ars maTda da Rirs arian kicxevisa.
8. qalaqTa Sina, g ina sofelTa Sina, anu simravlesa Sina erisasa ukeTuoden ipovnen mRdelni samxedroTa saWurveliTa aRWurvilni, vamcnebT uSvere-baTa maTTa : anu dadvan saWurveli da maxDli maTi, da ukeTu kula ara isminon,gardaeyene n mRdelobisa gan.
9. vamcnebT monazonTa memxoloeTa : ukeTu, Tvinier nebisa da Sendobisa TDsismamis da winamZRvrisa, gamovides monastriT, yovladve nuravin Seiwynarebs mas,aramed ganaZon, viTarca urCi WeSmaritisa kanunisaQ da morCilebis damwixneli.
10. xuces-monazonsa, romelsa ara rwmunebul iyos winamZRroba sawinamZR-rosa eklesi[i]sa, jer-ars misa, raTa anu Tana-yvebodes episkopos[s]a, anu iyosmonastersa Sina ZmaTa Tana. xolo ukeTu ara, da iqceodes eriskacTa Tana ginamamulsa da saxlsa Sina iyofebodes, eseviTarisa mis qcva uweso ars da gangebul,da nuRara ikadrebs.
11. vamcnebT mRdelTa eklesiisaTa: ukeTu inebon moZRvrebad erisa anu aRsare-bis Sewynarebad sityvierTa samwysoTa, [jer-ars], raTa pirvelad miiRon brZanebada Sendoba Tavisis episkoposisagan, da ukeTu kula ara miiRon Sendoba da brZanebaepiskoposisa nu odes ikadreben moZRvrebad erisa, rameTu uweso aris.
12. ukeTu odesme mivides samRvdeloTagani sxvisa episkoposisa samrevlosaSina, TDnier Tana-jer-Cinebisa da Sendobisa mis episkoposisa, nu ikadrebs Jamis-wirvad, gina samRvdlosa saidumlosa aRsrulebad. xolo eseca jer-ars misa, raTaTDsisaca episkoposisa Sendobis wigni aqvndes; egreTve xuces-monazon[n]ica yofden amas.
13. amasca kanons vamcnebT mRdelTa: romelTa enebosT usisxlos msxverplisSewirva, raTa miiRon sakurTxevlad sefiskverni xuTni rCeulisa ifqlisani, da
236 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ukeTu ar aqvndes. iSviaTad sadme samni miiRon, da amaTs kide nametnavsa da naklebsazeda nu ikadreben Jamis-wirvad.
14. xucesni da yovloba samarTlmadideblosa qristeanobisa viTarca uyofdespativsa wmidasa trapezsa. egreTve msgavsad pativscemdnen wmidasa embazsa.
15. ukeTu vieTnime mRdelni bralsa, gina risaTDsme mizezisa mRdelobisagandayenebul iyvnen, nurvin ikadrebs episkoposTagani micemad misa samRdelosa olarisa,rameTu arca erTi romelime saidumlo ara aResrulebis mis mier, aramed sruliaddayenebul ars.
16. romelsaca visme mRdelTagansa eklesia qristesi arwmunebdes, makurTx-evelisagan ara jer-ars misa, TDnier didisa Wirisa, raTa daaklos raime saeklesiowesis aRsruleba locvisa da wmida Jamis-wirvisaQ.
17. ukeTu kula sadme gamoCndes samre[v]losa episkoposisagan kerpTa miermopovnebuli saqme grZnebaQ, meqereoba, gina beWis-mxedveloba, anu Tayvanis-cemaxisa, gina sxvis nivTisa, miumcnebT episkoposTa, raTa TviToeulman TDssa samwy-sosa Sina sruliad aRmoagdon da ganmarglon saqme ese.
18. qristes sZlisa da dedoflis eklesiasa Sina ara wes ars kanun noagobaTa datablaTa miReba, gina Sinagan damarxva xilisa, da noagobaTa nivTisa, da Wama masSina, rameTu saxli aris salocveli RmrTisaQ.
19. episkoposi da ufrosad mRdelni ganekrZalnen, raTa wmidasa Sina kDriakesa,anu sauflosa dResaswaulsa ara daaklden erni misni locvisa da wmidisa Jamisawirvisa mosmenad, rameTu yovlad Tanamdeb arian mislvad.
20. vamcnebT episkoposTa, mRdelTa da eklesi[i]s mourneTa, raTa ganekrZalnen[S]julTa RmrTisa da ara Serion naTesaoba uwesoTa qorwinebiTa, aramed esreTyofden: iyavn dasabam pirvel mama da misgan raQ gamoekveTnen oTxni erT kerZo dakulad oTxni erTkerZo, xolo es iqms Tvinier dasabamisa mis, ricxvsa rvasa dasrul iqmnes orsave kerZosa ricxvi rva, _ mexuTe erT kerZosa da mexuTe meorisakerZosa _ ese mexuTeni SeiuRvlian urTierTas. da ama mexuTeTa naklebs aravisganuCinebT qmnad qorwinebisa.
21. ganvakrZalebT zogad yovelTa marTlmadidebelTa qristeaneTa, raTa aravinmiiyvanos colad, uwesoTa qorwinebiTa, dedakaci gantevebuli qmrisagan, rameTucxadad mruSebisa bralsa Sina STaeflDs, viTarca mogDRebies wmidisagan saxarebisaqristes naTqvami saRmTo brZaneba, viTarmed: “romelman gantevebuli SeirTos,manca imruSao”; da amas Tana ewamebian samociqulonica kanuni da erTxmobiTwmidani SDdni msoflioni krebani da ufrosRa didi basili.
amisTDs Cvenca erTxmobiT Tana-miuxmaebT da davamtkicebT Tqmulsa maTsa,raTa romelTaca esxnen usjulod Seyofilni, qmrisagan gantevebulni, memruSenidedakacni, myis daixsnas da dairRDos uweso da usjulo qorwineba maTi, da am-
237saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
ieridgan aravis Hel-ewifos qmnad eseviTarisa cTomilis bWobisa, xolo esevi-Tarni memruSeTa Tana gardaisebian (sic) kanunsa da uZDressaca, rameTu cxad arsbrali codvisa maTisa.
22. xolo ukeTu enebos visme qorwineba wignis mkiTxvelsa mgalobelsa [da]aRslva xarisxsa mRdelobisasa, pirvel kerZo diakonad kurTxevisa miiyvanos co-lad qalwuli, viTar aTormetisa wlisa, gina aTsametisa da qorwinebis ziarebiTaakurTxos mRdelman SeerTxorcva maTi, da Semdgomad SeerTebisa aRvides xarisxsakerZo diaknobisasa, da merme mRdelobisasa.
xolo ukeTu ara yon esreT, aramed iqorwinon qalisa Tana uasakosa, ginaCvilisa, da xelTdasxmul iqmnen diakvnad da xucad da maSinRa gaxrwnan colnimaTni, romel-ese sruliad ugulisxmoebisa saqme ars da gansagdebel da dayenebulCven yovelTa mier.
23. meoTxes da mexuTes, gina uwesosa mraval qorwinebas sruliad aRfxuris daganaZebs eklesi[i]T msoflio ese RmrTiv kreba.
24. eseca dayenebul ars Cven yovelTa mier, raTa amieridgan arRara eqorwinosmarTlmadidebeli kaci mwvalebelsa, gina sxva sarwmunoebiansa dedakacsa, ginamarTlmadidebeli dedakaci mwvalebels mamakacs, rameTu ara jer-ars erTisa baksaSina slva cxvrisa da mglisaQ.
25. nu odes nuca aRiqmen Svilsa mwvalebelTasa naTlisRebisa mier marTlma-didebelni, da nuca svinad daiyeneben mwvalebelsa marTlmorwmuneni.
ukeTu kula ara Tavs idvan esreT, wmidisa ziarebisgan ganiyenebian, ara naTladslvisa Semwynarebelni igi.
26. amasca vikadrebT RmrTismsaxurebisa TqvenisaTDs, keTilmorwmuneno mefeno:raTa saepiskoposni eklesiaTa agarakni da dabani, anu sa[a]rqimandritoTa dawinamZRvarTa monasterTani eriskacTa ar Hel-ewifebodes damZlavrebad, mamuladTDsad mitaceba da damkDdreba. amas wmindaQ ese kreba rjul-gidebT, gevedrebiT dagamcnebT eseviTarisa ganyenebisa erisagan.
27. sruliad ganCinebiTa ganagdebs saRmrTo kreba amas, raTa amieriTgan aravinikadros Seyvaneba zvarakisa, gina cxvrisa, anu sxvisa pirutyvisa karisbWesa Sinaeklesiisasa da daklva mas Sina, gina sisxlis cxeba karTa da zRurblTa eklesii-saTa, rameTu kerpmsaxurTa ars saqme ese da ara wes-ars qristeaneTaQ.
ukeTu kula vinme gamoCndes eseviTarisa cdomilisa saqmisa moqmedi, vamcnebTepiskoposTa, raTa ganaZon eklesiiT, viTarca Seuracxis-myofeli qristes SjulisaQ.
[xelrTvebi] 1. erakle, wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa, RmrTis msaxurman mefeman kax-Taman da mmarTvelman qarTlisaman, Zeman mefis Teimurazisaman warvwe[ren].
2. antoni, wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa, uRirsman kaTalikozman didisa sameu-fosa qalaqi s mcx eTi s, qarTli s, kax eTis, sa mcx e-s a[a ]Ta bagos a da yovlis
238 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
606 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, t. III, 1970, gv. 805.
q ve mo sa qarTv elosa da aRmosa vleTi sa s a patri arqos am an ga nv s azRuren dawarvsweren. antoni.
3. nikoloz uRirsman amba alaverdelman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. nikoloz.4. arseni, uRirsman mTavarepiskoposman samTavrosa da goris samitrapolito-
saman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. arseni.5. aTanasi, uRirsman episkoposman axlis sameufosa qalaqisa tfilisisa sami-
trapolitosaman ganvsazRuren da wavsweren. aTanasi.6. onofri, uRirsman episkoposman xornabujis da sruliad qiziyis samitra-
politosaman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. onofri.7. saba, uRirsman episkoposman ninowmidisaman ganvsazRvren da warvsweren. saba.8. ioseb, uRirsman episkoposman ruisisa da sruliad qarTlisaman ganvsazRuren
da warvsweren. ioseb.9. ioane, uRirsman episkoposman nekres-qalaqisa da qalaqis gremisaman da
arqimandritman garejis didis lavrisaman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. ioane.10. qristefore, uRirsman episkopozman wilknisaman warvsweren. qristefore.11. ioane, uRirsman episkopozman kawarisaman ganvsazRuren da warvsweren. ioane.12. filipe, uRirsman episkoposman urbnisisaman warvsweren. filipe.13. zosime, uRirsman episkoposman xargiTvalisaman da moZRvarT-moZRvarman warvsweren.14. benediqte, uRirsman episkoposman samTavisisaman warvswren. benediqte.15. daniel, uRirsman episkoposman Werem-qalaqisaman warvsweren. daniel.16. ioane, uRirsman arqimandritman upirvelesisa monastrisa qvabTa-xevisa
vlaqernisa RmrTismSoblisaman warvsweren.17. ambakom, uRirsmman winamZRvarman kaxTa mefis karisaman warvsweren.18. ioseb, uRirsman winamZRvarman qarTvelTa mefisa karisaman warvsweren.19. ioane, uRirsman didis eklesiis ikonomosman warvsweren.20. zaqaria, uRirsman xucesman mefeTa da patriarqis moZRvarman warvsweren.21. gabriel, uRirsman kaxTa mefisa dekanozman, mefeTa moZRvarman warvswere.22. abram, uRirsman dekanozman alaverdisa eklesiisaman warvswere. 60 6
239saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
imereTis mefe 1752-1784 wlebSi so-
lomon I, `didis~ saxeliT moixsenieba
STamomavalTa mier, man ganamtkica same-
fo xelisufleba, TiTqmis gaaerTiana
dasavleTi saqarTvelo, mospo tyveebiT
vaWroba. 1760-63 wlebSi samjer daama-
rcxa osmalebi, 1779 wels ruxis omSi
sZlia osmalebs, magram 1784 wels qvemo
guriaSi damarcxda, ramac es mxare
gaamahmadiana, asi wlis Semdeg ruseTis
imperiasTan SemoerTebul am kuTxeSi
aWareli begebi mmarTvelobdnen.
qarTuli eklesia gansakuTrebiT uWer-
da mxars qveynisa da erisaTvis Tavdade-
buli mefis moRvaweobas, mefec grZnob-
da eklesiis Zalas, amitomac xelsayre-
li drois dadgomisTanave solomon I-ma,
1759 wels, moiwvia didi da gansakuTre-
buli saeklesio kreba. krebam saeklesio
da zneobriv reformebs daudo safuZve-
li dasavleT saqarTveloSi. qristianobasa
da qveyanas gansakuTrebiT asustebda tyve-
Ta syidva da saepiskoposo kaTedraTa
gauqmeba. Turqebs quTaisSi 120-wliani
batonobis dros daungreviaT saepisko-
poso (bagratis) taZari da gauuqmebiaT
quTaTelis saepiskoposo kaTedra. ami-
tomac, 1759 wlis saeklesio krebis 4 de-
kembris sxdomaze solomon mefes aRuni-
Snavs, rom quTaisis eklesia ̀ xelT egdo
mZvinvares agarians da mizeziTa amiT
saquTaTlo mamuli da samrevlo mimob-
neuliyo, da romelime daSTomiliyo,
saerod gamxdariyo da quTaTeli aRar
ijda~. mefis am moxsenebis Sesabamisad,
imereTis saeklesio kreba (1759)
krebam ineba aRdgeniliyo saquTaTelo
kaTedra, anu quTaisis eparqia da aRd-
genil kaTedraze ganaCines quTaTeli
episkoposi. quTaisis eparqias gadaeca misi
yofili Zveli mamuli, romelsac igi adre
flobda da eriskacebs hqondaT mitace-
buli. cxadia, saepiskoposos aRdgena
ekonomikuri safuZvlebis gareSe _ for-
maloba iqneboda. mefes da qveyanas es-
aWiroeboda moqmedi da Zlieri eklesia.
rogorc S. burjanaZe aRniSnavs, ek-
lesia, tradiciulad, mefis xelisuflebis
ganmtkicebas uwyobda xels, saxelmwi-
fos aZlevda mebrZolebs.607 krebam saqmee-
bis mowesrigebisaTvis ineba da:
1. eriskacTagan mitacebuli yma-mam-
ulebi daumtkica eklesias;
2. saeklesio ymebi gaaTavisufla zed-
meti gadasaxadebisagan da daakanona saek-
lesio gadasaxadebi;
3. eriskacebs aukrZala eklesiis
sameurneo saqmianobaSi Careva;
4. saeklesio Tanamdebobebze miiwvia
Rirseuli pirebi, uRirsni ki gadaayena;
5. Seamko da aago eklesia-monastrebi.608
aRsaniSnavia, rom maleve amis Sem-
deg mefe solomons unebebia saerTod
gaeTavisuflebina eklesia saxelmwifo
gadasaxadebisagan, kerZod, mefes 1761
wels mouwvevia morigi saeklesio kre-
ba, romelsac daudgenia saeklesio yme-
bis yovelgvari samefo gadasaxadebisa-
gan gaTavisufleba, agreTve saxelmwifo
samsaxurisagan gaTavisufleba, garda
laSqroba-nadirobisa.609
607 S. burjanaZe, solomon I-is mefobis pirveli periodi, Tsu Sromebi, t. 41, 1950, gv. 71; 608 m.rexviaSvili, imereTi XVIII saukuneSi, 1982, gv, 65; 609 s. kakabaZe, saeklesio reformebisaTvissolomon I-is dros, 1914, gv. 5.
240 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
rogorc aRiniSna, 1759 wlis kreba
gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisa iyo, mas
quTaTelis garda, xonis saepiskoposo
kaTedrac aRudgenia, 6 10 magram krebam
saxeli gaiTqva tyveTa syidvis gada-
WriTi akrZalviT.
solomon mefes mouxerxebia da saek-
lesio krebaze Semoukrebia samegrelosa
da guriis mTavrebi (dadiani da gurie-
li), TavianTi batoniSvilebiTa da Tava-
daznaurobiT, aq iyvnen imereTis batoniS-
vilebi da Tavadaznauroba da, cxadia,
mefe, kaTalikosi, mTeli dasavleT
saqarTvelos maRali samRvdeloeba. kre-
ba mTel Tves (dekemberSi) gagrZelebu-
la. saeklesio krebis meore sxdoma 5
dekembers Catarebula saero xelisufleb-
is monawileobiT. q. CxataraiSvils es
saeklesio kreba imavdroulad Catare-
bul saxelmwifo darbazis sxdomad mi-
aCnia. am sxdomaze imereTis, samegre-
losa da guriis saero da sasuliero
gamgeblebma imereTis mefis morCilebisa
da `tyveTa syidvis~ akrZalvis piroba
dades.608 saeklesio krebam tyvis gamyid-
velni SeaCvena, saero xelisufleba ki
maT sikvdiliT dasjiT daemuqra. krebis
dadgenilebaSi naTqvami iyo: `axalcixis
faSam aseTi saSineli da sazareli si-
tyva SemogviTvala... tyves Tu ar gayid-
iT, ar iqnebao... RvTis SuamdgomlobiT,
rom sanamdis suli gvedgas, es saqme
Cvengan ar iqnes... am saqmeze Cveni Tavi
ar daviSuroT~.611
`1759 wlis krebis dadgenilebebma
dasabami misca axal periods dasavleT
saqarTvelos politikursa da social-
ur-ekonomikur cxovrebaSi.612 eklesias
krebis Semdeg aRudgenia saxelmwifoze
mZlavri zemoqmedebis funqcia.612 krebam
sagangebo dadgenilebiT daadastura ̀ afx-
az-imerTa~ kaTalikosis uflebebi mis
kuTvnil 42 mamulze.613
n. berZeniSvili am krebasTan dakav-
SirebiT wers: `XVIII s-is meore naxe-
varSi axalcixis faSam araerTgzis Se-
mouTvala imereTis mefe solomons, raTa
tyvis syidva imereTSi Zveleburad neba-
darTuli yofiliyo. solomonma es moTx-
ovna ar Seasrula da tyvis syidva saero
da saeklesio sasjeliT sastikad akrZa-
la... 1759 wlis dekemberSi solomonma
Semokriba `samRvdeloni dasni da mar-
Tlmadidebelni erni~ da lixT-imereTis
saeklesio da saero feodalebis sagangebo
kreba moiwvia. masSi monawileobda mefe,
kaTalikosi da mTeli lixT-imereTis
maRali samRvdeloeba, imereTis, odiSis,
guriis Tavadaznauroba. krebam ganixila
saeklesio saqmeTa mowesrigebis sakiTxi,
akrZala tyvis syidva, krebam miiRo gada-
wyvetileba sakaTalikoso eklesiisaTvis
mitacebuli yma-mamulebis dabrunebisa,
gauqmebuli saepiskoposo kaTedrebis da
monastrebis aRdgena-ganaxlebis, maTi yma-
mamulebis ukan dabrunebisa, gadasaxa-
debisagan saeklesio ymebis ganTavisu-
flebisa da saeklesio mflobelobaSi
saero xelisuflebis Caurevlobisa~.614
610 s. kakabaZe, saeklesio reformebisaTvis solomon I-is dros, 1914 , gv. 7; 611 Frns^ Cj,hfyystRfdrfpcrjq fh[tjkjubxtcrjq rjvbccbtq^ 1866^ n& I^ c& 56$ 612 saqarTvelos istoriis n arkveve bi, t. IV,gv. 641; 613 s. kakabaZe, dasavleT saqarTvelos saeklesio sabuTebi, II, gv . 11-12; 614 n. berZeniSvili,saqarTvelos istoriis sakiTxebi, t. VI, gv. 412.
241saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
`xeliTwerili~ _ imereTis saeklesio krebisa
(1759 w. 30.XII)
[nawili aRdgenili teqstisa]
“q. ese mtkice, Seucvalebeli da dReTa cxovrebisa CvenisaTa aRsrulebisxeliT werili, msajulisa mis mxsnelisa Cvenisa iesos qristes win misatani wignida piroba mogarTviT TavaT dausabamos samebiT didebuls RmerTs, cxovels myo-fels Zels, xsnisa Cvenisa Suamdgomels maradis qalwuls mariams, winamorbeds,naTlis mcemels iovanes, angelozTa da mTavarangelozTa, winaswarmetyvelTa damociqulTa, mRudelT moZRvarTa da mowameTa, mamaTa da mamamTavarTa, RirsTa daqalwulTa da yovelTa RuTisa saTno yofilTa, zecisaTa da qveyanisaTa SvidTakrebaTa, oTxTa patriarxTa SuamdgomlobiTa da Cvens mwyems mTavris, yovladsanatrelis ufalis kaTalikozis besarionis damtkicebiT, Wyondidel mitro-politis gabrielis, genaTelis iosebis, Semoqmedelis nikolozis... cagarelisgrigolis, mTavarepiskopozis iosebis, nikorwmindelis germanes, mitropolitisdaskalis (didaskalioQ) danielis, xinowmidelis maqsimes, mitropolitis bedi-elis maqsimes da yovelTa imerTa, odiSarTa, gurielTa, samRvdelo, samonaznomwyobrTa RmerTsa da yovelTa saRmTo dasTa SvilobiT mogarTvi Sen, mefe so-lomon, me dadianma kaciam, me gurielma mamiam, batoniSvilma giorgim, batoniS-vilma Teimuraz, erisTavma rostom, dadianis Ze manuCar, nikoloz, giorgim,gurielis Zem giorgim, wulukiZem, erTobiT wereTelman, erTobiT miqelaZem, er-TobiT abaSiZem, erTobiT niJaraZem, agiasSvilman, iasSvilman, lorTqifaniZem ,mxeiZem, RoRoberiZem, maWavarianman, mesxman, avalian, ioselianman da giorgiCiquanman, erTobiT imerman didman da mcireman, odiSarT, leCxumT, CiCuam, faRa-vam, axledian, asaTian, afaqiZe, mxeiZem da Ciquanman, dgebuaZe, CijavaZe, jaian,qoCaqiZe, miqaZe, joliam, Selia, qarTvelisSvil, sajaiam da erTobiT odiSarmandidman da mcireman, gurielT, erisTav, maWutaZe, nakaSiZem da malvaSvilebma,erTobiT Jordania, gegenava da erTobiT naseliSvilma, gurielman didman da mcir-eman, ese im soflis msajulisa winaSe misatani da am sofels yovelTa marTlma-didebelT saxilveli wigni mogarTviT: ase, rom axalcixis faSam aseTi saSineli dasazarveli sityva SemogviTvala, rom adamis tomsa arc pirvel smenia da arcSemdgomad ismineba, amisTana saSineli sasmenelad sazaro sityva : “tyves Tu argayidiT ar iqnebao”. axla amaze ase erTpirobiT dagvimtkicebia RvTis Suamdgom-lobiT, rom sanamdis suli gvedgas ar iqnes, arc amaSid erTmaneTs usustoT,
242 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
615 qronikebi Sekrebili T. Jordanias mier, III, 1967, gv. 262-264 , krebis gan Cineba aRdgeniliaCve ns mier.
vidrec erTmaneTs miudgeT kidec mefe solomonis morCili da brZanebis aRmas-rulebeli viqneTY da gulis wmidiT erTmaneTs moudgeT amaze da aras Sewuxebisa dagaWirvebisaTvis Cven erTmaneTs ar umtyunoT, da am saqmezed Cveni Tavi ar davi-SuroT da am saqmeSid Cven xelmwifes mefe solomons ar usustoT da arc amisTanasaSineli codva Cvengan iqnes ase piroba da sityva mogvirTmevia RvTisa da kaci-saTvis. aw vinc da ramac Zeman kacisaman es SeSalos didman an mcireman, isemcSeiZlebis sjulisagan usjulosa mecnierebisagan, masmca risxavs Tavad dausabamoRmerTi da yovelni amaT zemo werilni wmidani zecisani da qveyanisani xorcielnida uxorconi masca edebis keTri gezisa, SiSTvili iudasi, Zrwola kaenisa, mextex-iloba deoskoresi da maT zemowerilTa madlTagan SeCvenebuli viyoT Tu es SevSaloTda amaSid SeZlebisaebr ar mivudgeT SeCvenilni viyoT, suliT da xorciT aw daukunisamde SvidTa krebaTagan da yovelTa eklesiaTagan, xolo damamtkicebeliamisi kurTxeul iyos suliT da xorciT aw da ukunisamde amin. me arqimandritssilibistros damiweria yovelTa mowmobiT da erTxmobiT brZanebuli ese qristesaqeT CRnT qristes Sobis Tves l dResa e : aw amis damtkicebis muSaki kaTalikozibesarion da misi krebuli erTobiT amas vamtkicebT, rom ramanc xelmwifem andedofalman an Tavadman an aznaurman didman an mcireman am sarwmunoebazed vincmokdes an am sarwmunoebis mimdegi da mefis erTgulebiT Tavisi dRiT mokdes maSincda usamarTloT mis Svili da momavali gaRaribos da wasaxdenaT moindomosusamarTloT amaTSi werilTagan SeCvenebuli iyos suliT da xorciT amin. awramanc Zeman kacisaman amaT Sina werili moSalos da mefes usustos an am xeliTwerils gardaxdes da usjuloeba qmnas da erTmaneTs ar miudges, vinc imas miudgesam momxmareT da SemweT eqmnes an Seiwynaros, an uwiros da _ lels an mokvdes damiwa aRirsos, SeCvenebul iyos suliT da xorciT ganuxrwnelad am sofels mow-yvediT da im sofels iudasTan krulebiT, vinc es aR(as)rulos da daamtkicossaukunomca arc xseneba misi suliT da xorciT aw da ukunisamde amin, mamSleliwyeul, damamtkicebeli kurTxeul amin”.61 5
243saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mas Semdeg, rac XVIII s-is meore
naxevarSi aRdga qarTul-erovnuli sax-
elmwifoebrioba samefo taxtze qristian
mefeTa asvlis Semdeg, saeklesio krebebma
a. [dadgenileba saeklesio krebisa saepiskoposoTa marTvis Sesaxeb][1762 w. 20 dekemberi]
welsa qristes aqaT CRQb, qristeSobis k.q. wmidaTa da yovlad samRudeloTa episkoposTa esreT euwyosT, romelni-
ca Cve nTan - wmidas patriarqTan da RirsTa Tqve n ep iskopos ebT an kreba Sipiroba daidva.
pirveli ese, rom : episkoposman Tavis samwysoSi uaRsarebo aravin daagdos.meored, ese: sauflos dResaswauls da kviras wirvis mousmenlad nuravis gauS-
vebT da uqme dRisa yadaRa uyoT, rom kargad daicvan da aravin gatexos.mesamed: Tu wmidaT episkoposT TqvenTa samwysoTa Sina urCi vinme gyvandesT,
Cven mogvaxsenoT; da egeviTarTa Cven davsjiT.meoTxed: xucesTa yadaRa uyoT, romelic wmidas mRudelobas ar ekadrebodes,
isre ar moiqcnen SesamosliTa Tu tanisamosiTa; da nurc TavianT samwysoSiusamarTlozed miuSveben xucebsa.
mexuTed: wmidas eklesiaSi an daZvelebuli ram iyos, an damwvari, an wamxdari,_ unda ganswmidoT, galesoT, ganaaxloT da wmidad SeinaxoT wmida eklesia; daukadrisad nuravis aCvenebT wmidas eklesiasa. agreTve Tu gaSavebuli ram iyos, undagaleson da gaaTeTron.
meeqvsed: wmidas trapezzed Casacmeli unda yuTnisa iyos; da Tu ukeTesi ramaris, isi sjobs. da Tu ara, suraTis CiTi unda iyos; da amas garda sxva aRaraiqneba ra. romelic wmida trapezi kedelzed iyos mikruli, Camoafaron; da romelni-ca saSual sakurTxevelisa iyos, Caacvan.
meSvided: xisa da an Tu gatexili ram iyos, wmidad barZimad anu feSxumad nuiyofin da numca saxeledebin.
1762, 1768, 1793 wlis krebaTa dadgenilebani saepiskoposoTa marTvis
Sesaxeb, mcnebani, episkoposTa da mRvdelTa mimarT
kvlav daibrunes mahmadianTa mmarTvelo-
bis dros dakninebuli uflebani da ga-
mosces Sesabamisi zneobrivi saxis dad-
genilebani:
244 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
merved: Tu visme samRudeloTagansa siberiTa Tu sxvisa romlisame mizeziTawmidis trapezis msaxureba da wirva aRar SeeZlos, Tavisman episkoposman ganagoTmisi. da Tu Tqven ver usajoT, wmidas patriarqs moaxsenoT da sxvaT episkopozT;igini saqmes gangimarTaven, erTs gzas mogcemen da ganuweseben rasme.
mecxred: Tu samRudelod wvrTili vinme ar iyos, uswavleli da ucodinari nuvin mouxdebin mRudelobad da kurTxevad, rom aRsarebis Tqmevineba ar SeeZlos; daan wmidas trapezzed idges da wmidas saxarebaSi tyuilebs ambobdes.
meaTed : romelic rom Cven ver movigoneT, episkoposT marTebsT maradismRviZare yofad.
meaTerTmeted: wmidaT episkoposT TaveTs ersa da samwysosa wmidas eklesiaSiSeslva, dgoma da pirs jvaris dawera aswavlon.
irakli mefisagan da yovlisa saqarTvelosa kaTalikoz-patriarqisa iosebisa-gan esreT siyvaruliT euwyos miss siwmides yovlad samRdelos arqiepiskoposs ambaalaverdels zenons, wmidasa da yovlad samRudelos nekresel episkoposs dosiT-eoss da wmidasa da yovlad samRudelos samebel episkoposs ioanes.
Jamsa rodesac krebaSi saqarTveloT wmidaT episkoposT mouwodeT, maSin esreTgamorCeviT da pirobiT aRvTqviT, romelic zemore siiT aRwerila, rom RmrTisnebiT, yo[v]els saepiskoposoebSi esreT ganegos yovlad samRudeloT episko-posTagan. da imav krebaSic esreT ganisaja, rom Cvengan esreTiTa aRweriliTa Tqven- yovlad samRudeloTa gauwyoT.
da aha, gviuwyebies Tqvenis siwmidisaTvis Jamadme, uflisa qristes aRdgomam-dis, rom es unakluloT aRasruloT da aRasrulebinoTca, Tvarem icodes Tqvenmasiwmidem, Cveni kaci Camoivlis im Jamzed da romelsac xucess esreT ar gaumarTavsTavisi samwyso da Tavisi Tavic, imasac samarTliT ganvsjiT da Tqvenc dagemdurebiT.
romelnic am saepiskoposoSi an Tavadni brZandebiT, an sabatios kacis Svilni,an aznauriSvilni xarT, da an moxeleni - es rom mogviweria, amazed mRviZare undaiyvneT da Tqvenni morCilnic ganaRviZoT. da wmidis eklesiis samsaxurzed da racmogviweria amaebzed, gafrTxilebulni iyvneT da Tqveni morCilni kacnic amyofoT.
da romelic episkoposman da mRudelman gamcnosT, imazeda daadgreT da daay-enoT: Semwe eqmeniT episkopossa da mRudelsa am saqmezed; Cvens ukan rom Tqveni valigaqvsT da rom unda Semwe eqmnneT, amisTvis gvicnobebia.
beWedi: me fexTganbanilTa mier eklesia vadide erekle Cven, yovlisa saqarTve-los kaTalikoz-patriarxi ioseb warvwerT.
minaweri: ioseb kaTalikozisagan episkoposTa mimarT miwerili, Tqveni samw-ysoni ase daarigeTo.61 6
616 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, III, 1970, gv. 848.
245saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
b. [mcneba mRudelTaTvis][1768]
episkoposTa mimarT maTi umaRlesoba da ukeTilmsaxuresoba mefe iraklida maTi uwmindesoba da unetaresoba patriarxi mefis Ze antoni
esreT ganvasazRvrebT, vamcnebT, movaxsenebT, da ubrZanebT yovelTa saqarTvel-oQsa mRudelTmTavarTa da mwyemsTa WeSmaritTa, esreT:
1. episkoposni miiyuandnen Tavisis samwysosa mRudelTa, dadgenilTa, ginaaxlad dasadgenTa, da keTilad ganixilviden maTsa cxovrebasa da mecnierebasa,ukeTu SemZlebel iyvnen swavlad da swavlul iyvnen SvidTa amaT saidumloTaWeSmaritad aRsrulebad.
Svidni saidumloni wmidisa aRmosavleTisa ekklesiisani eseni arian :a. naTlva, b. cxeba mironisa, g. saRmrTo wirva, d. mRudlis kurTxeva da
micualebulis wesT-ageba da damarxua, e. aRsarebis Tqmevineba, v. patiosani qor-wineba, z. zeTis kurTxeva.
amaTi srulebiT aRsruleba Tu SeeZlosT, keTil da kurTxeviT miabaron eklesia dasamwyso qristesi, da waravlinon gankrZalviT mRudelobad, locviT da kurTxeviT.
2. da romelTaca ar SeeZlosT am saidumloebisa aRsrulebad, ubrZanon: anTviTon Tavis ekklesiaSi miiyvanon is mRudeli episkoposTa, an romelsame monas-terSi miabaron mecnierTa da egoden guls-modgined ecadnen, rom iswaon. davinemdis iswavliden, episkoposma im samwysos sxva mRudeli ganuCinos.
ukeTu iswaos am saidumloebis aRsruleba, merme samwysoc miabaros da imRu-del-moqmedos.
Tu ar inebos da verc iswavlos, samwyso CamoarTvan. TviTan saca undes,warvides. sxva mRudel-moqmedebas nuras ikadrebs, Tvinier wirvisa, sadac eneboswiros Tvinier sxvaTa mRudel-moqmedebaTa Sendoba aqvs, moZRvrisa Tvisisa wamebiTa.
3. romelTaca ekklesiisaganTa, samRudelod ganwesebadTasa, saekklesio wign-ni, romelnic damWirno arian, romel amaebis ucodnelad mRudeloba ara jer-ars:daviTi, Jamnoba srulad, saxareba, samociqulo, paraklitoni, kurTxevani dakondaki _ eseni Tu icoden kargad, akurTxen.
da eseni Tu ar icoden srulad, ganvakrZalebT episkoposTa: eseviTarTa nuakurTxeben.
4. da romelnic episkoposni eseviTarTa umecarTa akurTxeben, uwyoden: makurTx-evlica da kurTxeulica Zlierad imxilebian.
246 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
5. episkoposni mRudelT - amcnebden, rom TavTavis samwysoT, eriskacTa ginaqalTa, pirjvaris daweras aswavebdnen marTlad. da romelTac aRsarebis TqmaSeeZlos, uaRsarebod nu daayeneben Svidis weliwadisas. da yovels suls “wmidaoRmerTs” Tavisis muxlebiT, da “mamao Cuenos”, “miwyales”. da “mrwams” zepiriTTqmas aswavliden da marTlmadideblobis sarwmuno[e]bis aRmsareblobasa WeSmaritsa.
6. da romelTac ar iswaon da udeb iqmnen, mRudeli nuRar umRudlobs; daepiskoposs Seasminos da episkoposmac sitkboebiT swrTvnas; da SiSiTaca ecadnen,rom aswavlon. Tavis nebazed nurvis Tavis samwysos nu miuSueben, nurc episkoposnida nurc mRudelni.
7. sofelSi, romelic Tavi da pirveli da upatiosnesi ekklesia iyos, gan-wmedilni hqondesT da dagvili, da kedelni, sarkmelni, yureni gareT da SinaT _mowmedilni; siwmidis iaraRi da wmida sakurTxeveli da trapezi _ uzeSTaesadpatiosnad, trapezi _ Semosili; siwmidis samsaxurebeli: barZimi, feSxumi, kovzi dakamara _ an vecxlisa an kalisa, sxvas nivTisa ar imsaxureba; pereqlebi da dafarna_ farCisa, wmida da uCirqo; trapezi _ Semosili, raoden Zal-eduas uCirqossamosliTa; odiki _ axali, kargi da uCirqo, da am odiks sudari hqondes uCirqo,rom Sig Sexvevdes.
8. mRudlis Sesamoselic, risac SemZlebel iyos, uCirqo da daukerebeli.dabebkili da Cirqiani ar ikadros msaxurebad; wmida wmidaTasa zeda sefiskueri _rCeuli da zedaSe _ ferovani, wmida, uWango da uprkeo, sunisa da gemosi arasisxvisa mqonebeli; kretsabmeli _ uCirqo da gasworebuli.
9. agreve wignni : daviTi, Jamni, paraklitoni, Tormetis sauflos sadResaswau-lo aTormetebi, dResaswaulisa da vnebisa, saxareba, samociqulo, kurTxevani dakondaki, eseni unda hqondes.
10. sadac SeeZlos, brwyinuales kars karebi Seasxan da ise imRudelon, daswirevden, da samwysoc amisTanas mRudelTa da ekklesiaT hqondesT, sxvaTi ariqneba, arc vbrZanebT.
11. da ragvaradac episkoposTaTvis gvimcnia, egreT mRudelT amcnon da ganakrZa-lon, Torem episkoposnic kanons queS iqnebian da mRudelTac samwysoze xeli aiRon.
12. Tu sxva saydaric iyos im sofelSi an siaxloes eris salocavad dResaswau-li sadme icoden, da im ekklesias es ganwyobileba da samsaxurebeli ar hqondes,romlisac samwysosi iyos, im mRudelma am samudamos ekklesi[i]s samsaxurebeliwariRos yovliferi, da imiTi Seamkos is ekklesia, da ise wiros, da iqav moitanos.
13. Cuen vgonebT, rom yovelTa uwyiT, garna amisi umecreba aravin qmnas, romim dRis msaxurebeli siwmidis samsaxurebeli WurWelni, gina Sesamoseli da odiki,Tvinier wignisa, olarisa da sacecxluris meti, im dRes meored ixmaros. _sasikvdined scodavs da ganipatiJos didad episkoposisagan.
247saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
14. amasac asre gamcnebT: erTs ekklesiaSi jer-ars, raTa wmidani xatni esvenen:erTi jvarcmisa, erTi TviT macxovrisa, erTi yovlad wmidisa da erTi im ekklesi-is wmidisa, romlisac saxelzed aRSenebuli aris is ekklesia da erTi saxianijvaric wirvazed trapezzed unda idvas. umisod wmida wirva diaR Znelad iqnebis.
15. da episkoposni amas ganakrZalebdeT mRudelTa : saydars Tu xatsa Tofihqondes usjuloTa kacTagan nasroli, an xlmiT gina daniT nabrZvili hqondes daSeSlili iyos dakortnili, da raoden SemZlebel iyunen _ ganaaxlon, an axalnidaaxatvinon. da Tu miZuelebulni da mifarlebulni _ kargad ganswmedden, da egreTdaisuenon da Tayuaniscemden.
16. amasac esreT vamcnebT da ganvakrZalebT, mRudelTa da episkoposTa mogax-senebT, rom ganixilvideT : numca vin mRvdeli nu ikadrebs sasmlisa da saWmlisdaWarbebasa da uZRebad smasa da Wamasa.
17. ukueTu vinme es mcneba ar daimarxos, episkoposman amxilos, da kualadacaar SeiSinos, ganikueTos, samwysoc CamoerTvas; amisTvis, rameTu ara jer-arsuZRebTa da memTrvaleTa mRudelobad.
18. da aw naTlis-RebisaTvis esreT gamcnebT : ymawvils rodesac undodes,monaTlevdes. magram Tu daWireba ar iyos, Jamisad monaTlos. da Tu wirvamdismonaTlos, aziaros. da Tu wirvas mermeT _ im dRes nu aziarebs, Tu didaT aruWirdes, da meores an mesames dRes aziaros wirvazed.
19. Tu vin icis, mRudels romlisame mizeziT goneba xelad ar hqondes anuZlurebiT, an saWmlis da sasmlis wyeniT riTme, sanamdis gonebad ar movides, nuikadrebs am saidumlos aRsrulebasa da nu naTel-scems.
20. Tu daWireba iyos, da ymawvilisa da im mosanaTlavis sikvdilis SiSiiyos, da arc sxua mRudeli iSoebodes siaxloes, didis sifrTxiliT maSin na-Tel-sces im mRudelma.
da Tu momakvdavi iyos, kidec aziaros, diaR, didis sifrTxiliT da krZalviTSeaxos xeli wmida-wmidaTasa, da moZRvarsac aRuaros, da episkoposisaganac Sen-doba miiRos.
21. amad vafrTxilebT mRudelTa da vakrZalebT : nuraodes nu daiTrobian,Torem mRudeloba CamoerTmevaT WeSmaritad.
22. romelnic an misanni an mwamvlelni arian, siyvarulisa, gina siZuliliswamlis moqmedni, anu maTni meZiebelni da mimyolni, gina meqereobisa da melobio-bisa mkiTxvelni da maTni mrwmunebelni, unda Seinanon.
23. da dReis iqiT Tu vinme ikadros, icoden romel maTTa episkoposTa sam-Rudelos msjavriT ganpatiJon. da mRudels nuRar miscemen, nurc qristianed-Rasaxel-sdeben, nurc ekklesiasSi SeuSveben da nurc saflavs aRirseben.
248 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
da merme maTis simaRlis mefis samSjavroSi moiyvanon da vgonebT, rom maTiskeTilmorwmuneobis msjavrma sikuidiladca dasajos, rom maTzec ars samarTaliese mipyrobili.
da romeli maTni morwmuneni da Semwynarebelni iqmnebian, isini xorcieladjarimiT ganipatiJebian da sulierad mRudeli aRar miecemaT.
24. egreTve romelic xeTa da ZelTa, gina saddme niSTa da ZeglTa, da adgilTaraTme uekklesioTa Tayvani-scemen, maTac ase es sasjeli miecemaT, viTar-igimisanTa da mwamvlelTa.
25. episkoposma saca an xe, an Zeli, an niSi da Zeglni da uekklesiod amgvarebinaxos, ZiriTurT aRmofxvras, da sawvavi dawos, da es sacduri daadumos daga[a]qarvos.
26. kviras da uqmes vakrZalebT yovelTa qristianeTa Zvelisa da axlis sjul-iTa da aRqmiTa; numca vin ikadrebs kvirisa da uqmis texad, kviriakesa sruliadyoveli uqmoba jer-ars, Tvinier locvisa da wirvisa da ekklesiad misvlisa,kacTagan mipirutyvTamde; egreTve TormetTa saufloTa dReTa, da dResaswaulsayovlad wmidisa RmrTis-mSobelisasa da saCinoTa wmidaTasa.
27. amaTi wesi da rigi mRudels episkoposisagan ganewesos da mRudelma Tavissamwysos ganuwesos da Seatyobinos, rom dRes uqmi ariso.
28. Tu vinme urC eqmnas da ar iuqmos, misi namoqmedi cecxliT dawvan; im kacsormoci joxi dahkran, Tu glexi iyos. da Tu maRali vinme iyos, maTs simaRlesmefes moaxsenos da iman sajos, viTa wes ars.
29. aseve vamcnebT; numca vin ikadrebs pirutyvis borotis sityviT Seg-inebasa. amcnos mRudelma, da Tu ar daiSalos, episkoposT SeaSinon, nuRarityvian magvars uSversa.
da Tu ar daiSalon, ormoci joxi dahkran, Tu biWi iyos; da Tu kaci iyos _mcired daarbion.
30. yovelTa mRvdelT-mTavarTaTvis gvimcnia da mogvixsenebia, rom ekklesiismamuls, nurc saxelos, nurca didsa da nuca mciresa, ase rom erTis dRis miwaiyos, gina sabostne, anu mcire saxlis alagi. ara xelewifebis micemad visdame.gina misyidvad.
nurc erTs glexs, nurc saganZurs da nurc Semosavals, rac Tavisis kondakiT ariSovos, da TviTan saxmarad ar miscemdes damWirneobisda, maTs simaRles keTilmsaxurs mefes moaxsenos da miss uwmidesobas patriarxs; da maTis jerCinebiT, Turigiani aris, nebas daurTven da miacemineben; da Tu arada, TviT TaviT TvisiTveraras SemZlebel ars.
31. da Tu dReis waRmarT romelic episkoposi amgvarebs iqs da TavisTavadgascems an saxelosa, an miwa-alags, rogorc gvimcnia, an saganZurs da Semosavals,
249saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
da ekklesias gaaRaribebs an saganZurisagan, an xatisa jvarisa Sesamoslisgan, anmamulisagan _ Tavs ar davanebebT, sarwmuno brZandeboden. ar dauTmobT.
vinc Sematebas ecdeba da Semkobas, didad mmadlobelni viqnebiT.32. ekklesiis xatTaTvis, nebiTa RmrTisaTa, mxatvrebi arian da wignTaTvis
stanba aris.da sxva saxmaric xom yovelive iSoveba amave Cuens sabrZanebelSi, fasiT sasy-
idelni. romliTame episkoposnic Seewivnen, romliTame mRudelni TviT daixar-jnen da romliTame im ekklesiis Semavalni erni. da isre ganawyon ekklesiani.
da nu imizezeben uqonlobasa, raTa yovelni ekklesiani nebisaebr RmrTisa dawmidaTa mamaTa mocemulisa kanunisaebr da wmidaTa oTxTa patriarxTagan damtki-cebulisa, da viTarca ars yovelsa samarTlmadideblosa queyanasa Sina saberZne-Tisa da ruseTisasa, egreT jer-ars CuenTaca ekklesiaTa yofa, raTa Sewirul iqmnaswinaSe RmrTisa msxuerpli da locva da vedreba Cveni.
33. da mogvetevnen Secodebani Cvenni, da vixsnneT xilulTa da uxilavTamterTagan mefeni, da mTavarnica, da mRudelT-mTavarni, da mRudelni, da ernicada yovelni sulni marTlmadidebelni qristianeni.
yovlisa gansacdelisagan erTbaSad dacul viqmnneT uflisa da RmrTisa damacxovrisa Cuenisa ieso qristes mier, romelsa hSuenis yoveli didebaQ, pativi daTayuanis-cema, TanadausabamoT mamiT da yovladwmidiT suliTurT, aw da maradis,da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.
daibeWda sameufosa qalaqsa tfiliss, palatsa samefosa, qristes aqeT CRQz.wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa, irakli meore, qristes mier mefe qarTlisa, kaxeTisa,
da mflobeli borCalisa, SamSadinlosa da yazaxisa, brZanebiT davamtkicebT.wyalobiTa RmrTisaTa antoni, mdabali arxiepiskoposi mcxeTisa da yovlisa
zemoQsa saqarTveloQsa, brZanebiT davamtkiceb.qristes aqeT CRiHY.Semdgomad amissa kidev davmeteT amas zeda :Cuen, irakli mefeman, mpyrobelman qarTlisa da kaxeTisaman, Tana-neba-myofo-
biTa srul erTianad Cuenis queynebis TavadTa, aznaurTa, didvaWarTa da glexTaTa,RmrTis mowyalebiT amas zeda, di[a]R, guldajerebuli varT, rom Cuens qveyanaSiarc yofila da arc aris amisTana avi RmrTis ganmarisxebeli saqmeni.
magram Cuens xalxs vafrTxilebT :34. Tu vinme amisTanas saqmis mqneli gamoCndes an momwamlvelni, an kacis
Semkruelni, an siyu[a]rulisa da simZulvaris wamlis mimcemelni, an jadoobisa damkiTxaobis moqmedni, an RmrTis didad ganmarisxebelisa da miutevebelis finTisa,
250 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
da myralisa, da cecxliT saukunod mwuelisa mamaTmavlobis mqnelni mamalni anudedalni _ eseni unda Zaliani da saanadzos jajaebiT daiHocnen.
35. da es ganCineba unda yovelma episkoposma Tavis samwysos saydrebSi Tavisxalxs waukiTxon da gaafrTxilon.61 7
[mcnebani maqsime kaTalikozisa mama iobisa da winamZRvar besarionisadmi][1777 w.]
afxaz-imerTa kaTolikosi maqsime Cuens suliers Svils udabnos mamas iobs dakualad erkeTis winamZRvars besarions uflisa Cuenisa ieso qristes mier locva-kurTxeviT gikiTxav; da Semdgomad amisa garwmuneb samwyosa Cemsa sakaTalikosa.
1. da viTa Sendobisa Cvenisa morCil iyvneT, egreT keTilad moZRurideT,aswavlideT da zedas-zeda sulieriTa swavliTa amxilebdeT da ganamtkicebdeT.
2. da ukeTu vinme samRudelo kaci uwesod iqceodes, anu nayrovanebiTa, anumTvralobiTa da sxviTa romliTame borotiTa, amxileT, SerisxeT. da ukeTu araSeikdimos da arca ganiSoros uweso igi qceva dascxerin mRudelobisagan.
3. da kualad romelsaca mRudels wirvisa da naTvlis srulebiT aRsruleba arZal-edvas, Tqven aswaveT gulsmodgineT. da ukeTu keTilad ver iswa[v]os, igicadaayeneT mRudelobisagan.
4. da romelsaca mRudelsa mecniereba da SiSi RmrTisa aqundes da SeeZlossaidumloebis aRsruleba, man imRudelmoqmedos; xolo umecari da uSiSi RmrTisada ukrZalveli gonebiTa yovladve nu ikadrebn msaxurebad wmidisa mis wmidaTasa.
5. da egreTve, romelsaca Zal-edvas swavlad da moZRurebad, moZRurides, daromelsaca ara _ nu imoZRurebs.
6. kualad amas gamcneb da gaswaveb, rom: eklesiebs ganixilvideT da mas zedadadginebulTa mRudelTa ganakrZalebded da aswavebdeT, rom eklesia wmidad dasufTad Seinaxon; barZim-feSxumi da maTi dafarnaebi da wmidis trapezis gadasafa-rebeli sadac hpovoT, rom Zveli iyos, an damwvari, an daxeuli, gamoacvlevineTda ganaaxlebineT.
7. da im eklesiazed mimavals ersac auwyT, rom eklesiis samsaxurebels saqmezedmRudels Seeweoden da morCil eqmneboden.
8. da eseca amceniT: romelic sayovelTao uqmi dRe iyos, keTilad daimarxevdenda eri srulebiT yrmiT da dedebiTurT eklesiad miiswrafiden da wirva-locvas ardaakldeboden.
617 q.s .Z., III, 1970, gv . 871-877.
251saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
9. da kualad amasac ganakrZalebdeT, rom mkiTxavi ar Seiwynaron, _ SeCvenebuli aris.da vinca mkiTxavi saxlad miiyvanos da akiTxvinos, mkiTxavi igi da saxlad
mimyvanebelica da Semwynarebeli misi, ornive erTbamad gankveTeT da ganayeneTyovlisave qristianeTa wesisagan, ziarebisa da eklesiad mislvisagan.
da nurc mkudars damarxven mkiTxavs, aramed viTarca ZaRli gancofebuli,egreT Seracxon.
10. ese mcnebani yovelnive keTilad auwyeT da ganamtkiceT, da dRiTi-dRe nudaiyo[v]nebT swavlad erisa, Torem sasjelsa didsa Tanamdeb xarT.
daiwera welTa qristes aqeT CRoz.beWedi : Crdilo afxaz-imerTa kaTalikosi maqsime.61 8
g. [kanonTa ganweseba codvilTaTvis anton II-is mier][1793 w. 13 agvisto]
1. Svid wel nu eziarebian wmidaTa saidumloTa. da Tu sadme sikudilad miiwiosSvidTa maT weliwadTa Sina, romliTame mizeziTa aziaros sulierman mamaman. da Tumokudes anderZi aRugos da damarxos. da Tu morCes, isev SvidTa weliwadTa Ses-rulebamde nu iqmnebian miaxleba misi wmidaTa saidumloTa.
2. nu Sevals eklesiasa Sina vidre samTa weliwadTa srulyofadmde, aramedhsdges gare karsa eklesiisasa wiruasa anu locvasa zeda da SemavalTa da ganmaval-Tagan didiTa vedrebiTa iTxovdes da Tavsa Tvissa moidrekdes maTdami da ityodes:“SemindeviT me, codvilsa”.
3. da Sedgomad samisa wlisa Sevides eklesiasa Sina da sefiskveri miecemodes.4. oTxTave marxvaTa, ese igi, wmidaTa didTa ormeocTa marxvaTa Sina wmidaTa
mociqulTa da RmrTismSoblis micualebisa da qristes-SobisaTa ityodes aRsare-basa da daufarvelad aRuarebdes coduaTa TvisTa da cremliT suliTa Semusrvil-iTa da guliTa SemusrviliTa inandes.
da romelnica kanonni sulierman mamaman Tvisman misces dafarulTaTvis cod-uaTa, romelnica aRuarna mas, dauklebelad gardaixdides.
5. wmidaTa maT didTa ormeoceTa da RmrTismSoblis marxuaTa Sina TvinierSabaT-kvirisa nu hsuaman Rvinosa da qristes-Sobis marxvaTa da mociqulTa marx-vaTa Sina oTxSabaT-paraskevsa esreTve nu suamn da xsnilsa SvideulTa samTa weli-wadTa orSabaTsa xorcsa nu sWamen da oTxSabaT-paraskevsa Tevzsa, Tvinier sau-flosa dResaswaulisa da ganwesebulisa tibikonisa.
618 q.s .Z., III, 1970, gv. 914.
252 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
6. mouklebelad Tvissa ganwesebulsa saidumlosa locuasa ilocvides da wir-vasa da locvasa eklesiisasa nu daakldebin da TDToeulsa dResa Sina hyofdesmetaniasa assa: ormeocsa didsa metaniasa da sameocsa xelis metaniasa da ityodesTiToeulsa zeda: “RmerTo, milxine me codDlsa amas da Semiwyale me”.
7. samsa weliwadsa vidre Seslvadmde eklesiasa Sina nu moiparsavn Tmasa danurca wversa da Seimosos kvarTi da sarvari samoslisa.
8. Semdgomad amaTsa ukeTu SemZlebel iyos, daixsnas tyve; da ukeTu ara, SeZleb-isaebr Tvisisa sxvasa damxsnelsa visme Seewios.
9. erTsa weliwadsa suliersa mamasa TDssa ormeocdaaTsa awirvinebdes codvismitevebisaTvis Tavisa TDsisa da gansvenebisaTvis mis mier moklulisa.
10. romelic mRudelmTavris misarTmevi sakanonos debuleba iyos, SeZlebisae-bri dauyovneblad miarTvas da esreT srulhyos ganwesebulni ese kanonni.
welsa CRJg, TTuesa agvistosa ig.xelrTva : kaTalikozi. mdabali mitropoliti mixail.61 9
619 q.s .Z., III, 1970, gv. 1018.
253saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefaliis
gamocxadebis Semdeg (12.03.1917) ruseTis
droebiTma mTavrobam 1917 wlis 27 marts
scno saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefali-
is aRdgena da uwoda mas `qarTuli ek-
lesiis TviTgamorkvevis udidesi aqti~.
saqarTvelos eklesiis droebiTma
mmarTvelobam 1917 wlis agvistoSi gadaw-
yvita moewvia sruliad saqarTvelos saek-
lesio kreba. agvistos damlevsa da seqtem-
bris dasawyisSi mTel saqarTveloSi mim-
dinareobda am krebis delegatTa arCevnebi.
sruliad saqarTvelos I saeklesio
kreba (avtokefaliis aRdgenis Semdeg)
gaixsna 1917 wlis 9 seqtembers dRis
12 saaTze sionis taZarSi. krebas Tavmj-
domareobda mitropoliti leonide, prez-
idiumSi arCeul iyvnen : giorgi Juru-
li, trifon jafariZe da spiridon ke-
dia. krebis dRis wesrigis umTavresi
sakiTxi iyo saqarTvelos eklesiis mar-
Tva-gamgeobis debulebis proeqtis ganx-
ilva, saqarTvelos sasuliero saswav-
leblebis keTilmowyoba-uzrunvelyofis
sakiTxebi, soxumis eparqiis sakiTxi da
kaTalikos-patriarqis arCevnebi.
sruliad saqarTvelos I-ma saekle-
sio krebam miiRo `saqarTvelos eklesi-
is marTva-gamgeobis debuleba~. am de-
bulebiT saqarTvelos eklesia aerTianebda
yvela marTlmadidebel qarTvels da
agreTve araqarTvel marTlmadidebleb-
sac, romlebic cxovrobdnen saqarTve-
los Zveli sakaTalikosos sazRvrebSi.
marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos
eklesia iyofoda eparqiebad, eparqiebi -
olqebad, xolo olqebi - samrevloebad.
saqarTvelos I saeklesio kreba (9-17.09.1917)
saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Sedioda sul 13
eparqia. saqarTvelos eklesias mTlianad
ganagebdnen saeklesio krebebi (sruliad
saqarTvelos eklesiisa, saeparqio, sa-
olqo da samrevlo), romelTa aRmasrule-
beli organo iyo sabWo (sakaTalikoso,
saolqo, samrevlo). saqarTvelos ekle-
sias, wesdebis mixedviT, ganagebda sruli-
ad saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba, romelic
Sedgeboda samRvdeloTa, monazonTa da
saero warmomadgenlobisagan. sruliad
saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis Tavmjdomar-
ed unda yofiliyo kaTalikosi, misi ary-
ofnis dros ki misi mosaydre.
sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis kre-
bis kompetenciaSi Sedioda: adgilobrivi
saeklesio samarTali, kaTalikosis,
sakaTalikoso sabWosa da sakaTalikoso
sasamarTlos wevrebisa da kandidatebis
arCeva, axali eparqiebis gaxsna an arse-
bul eparqiaTa sazRvrebis gadamijvna da
kaTedrebis aRdgena an daarseba, zrunva
sasuliero saswavlebelTa daarsebisa an
nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis. saekle-
sio krebis aRmasrulebeli mudmivi or-
gano iyo sakaTalikoso sabWo. sruliad
saq arTv elos kaTalikos-p atriarqi ,
saWeTmpyrobeli eklesiisa, imave dros
iyo mTavarepiskoposi mcxeTisa. mas irCev-
da sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio kreba,
Semdgari rogorc sasuliero, aseve saero
pirebisagan.
krebam airCia sruliad saqarTvelos
kaTalikos-patriarqad wmida kirioni
(saZagliSvili) da mogvca eklesiis mar-
Tvis debuleba.
254 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba
debulebanimiRebuli sruliad saqarTvelos 1917 wlis saeklesio krebaze
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriT saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofa eparqiebad da epar-qiebi _ olqebad, xolo olqebi _ samrevloebad.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Semdegi eparqiebia:a) mcxeTisa, romlis mwyemsmTavari aris “mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da
sruliad saqarTveloQs kaTolikoz-patriarqi”. samwyso : saqarTvelos eklesiiswm. dedaqalaqi mcxeTa, orisave aragvisa da qsan-lexuris xeobani (teritoriaZveli eparqiebis : mcxeTisa, wilknisa da samTavisis), rasac Seicavs exlandeliduSeTis mazra Semdegis cvlilebiT : dasavleTiT emateba qsan-lexuris xeobaTaqvemo-nawili vidre wlevis mTamde, xolo aRmosavleTiT akldeba aragvis aRmo-savleTi sanapiro, romlis erTi nawili, - nokornis qedis qvemod, Sedis tfileliseparqiaSi (saguramos ubani), xolo zemo-nawili (xarWiSos ubani), - Seadgensalaverdelis samwysos. kaTedra eparqiisa aris mcxeTa (sveticxovelSi), xolokaTolikozis rezidencia _ tfilisSi.
SeniSvna: kaTolikoz-patriarqis pirdapir samwysos Seadgens agreTve saqarTvelos gared
mcxovrebi qarTveloba.
b) tfilisisa. samwyso: gare-qarTli da gare-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli epar-qiebisa: tfilisis, manglisis, walkis, dmanisis, bolnisis, winwyarosi, agarakis,rusTavis, kawareTisa da ninowmidis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli tfilisis daborCalos mazrebi da amaT garda saguramos ubani da bambakis xeoba. kaTedramwyemsTmTavarisa - tfilisSi (sionSi), rezidencia _ iqve. pativi mwyemsTmTavrisa :“tfileli mitropoliti”.
SeniSvna: tfileli, rogorc kaTolikozis uaxloesi adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari, aris
mosaydre kaTolikozisa.
g) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: alaverdisa,nekresisa da xarWaSenis), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Telavisa da TianeTis mazrebixarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-durZukeTi, miwerili Tergisada daRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ alaverdSi, rezidencia _q. TelavSi. pativi mRvdelmTavris a : “ala verdeli epi sko pozi” (a nu “ab baala v erdeli”) .
d) bodbisa. samwyso: hereTi, rani, Saqi da wuqeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqie-bisa: bodbisa, Weremisa, giSisa da xoranabujis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli mazrebi
255saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
da olqebi _ siRnaRisa, zaqaTalisa, samurisa, nuxisa, areSisa, ganjisa da yazax-isa. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa - bodbeSi, rezidencia _ q. siRnaRSi. pativimRvdelmTavris: “bodbeli episkopozi”.
e) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida-qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa : urbnisis,ruisis, niqozisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli goris mazra, gardaborjomis xeobisa da samTavisis ubnisa, da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergismxareze. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ urbnisSi, rezidencia _ q. gorSi. mRvdelmTavrispativi: “urbneli episkopozi”.
v) awyurisa. samwyso : samcxe, javaxeTi da zemo-somxeTi (teritoria Zvelieparqiebisa : awyuris, wurwyabis, kumurdosi, eruSeTis, dadaSenis, wyarosTavis,anisis, karisa da alaSkertis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli axalcixis mazra _borjomis xeobis mimatebiT, axalqalaqis mazra, artaanis olqi, yarsis olqi,yaRzevanis olqi, gumbris mazra da amaT garda ori olqi osmaleTis sazRvrebSi _basiani da alaSkerti. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ awyverSi (droebiT zarzmaSi),rezidencia _ q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi : “mawyvereli episkopozi”.
z) quTaisisa. samwyso: qvemo-imereTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa : quTaisisada xoni s), - exlandeli q uTai sis mazra md. wyalwiT elas qvemod. kaTedramRvdelmTavrisa _ q. quTaisSi, rezidencia _ iqve. mwyemsmTavris pativi : “quTaTe-li mitropoliti”.
H) genaTisa. samwyso: zemo-imereTi (teritoria genaTis Zveli eparqiisa), -e xla ndeli Sora p ni s m a zra da o kri b a m d. w y alwiT elas ze mod. kaT edramRvdelmTavrisa _ gelaTSi, rezidencia _ q. zestafonSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi :“genaTeli episkopozi”.
T) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa), -exlandeli raWis mazra. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia _q. onSi. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “nikorwmideli episkopozi”.
i) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),exlandeli leCxumis mazra. k aTedra _ cag erSi , rezide ncia _ i qve. pativimRvdelmTavrisa: “cagereli episkopozi”.
ia) Wyondidisa. samwyso : odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa : Wyondidis,caiSisa da walenjixasi) , exlandeli s enakis a da zugdidis mazreb i. kaT edramRvdelmTavrisa _ martvilSi, rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa :“Wyondideli mitropoliti”.
ib) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoriaZveli eparqiebisa: xinowmidisa _ imave baTomis, Semoqmedis, jumaTis, satrapela-si, tbeTis, anCis, iSxanisa da banis), rasac Seicavs : ruseTis sazRvrebSi _ exlan-deli ozurgeTis mazra, baTomis, arTvinis da olTisis olqebi, xolo osmaleTis
256 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sazRvrebSi _ olqebi: TorTomi, kiskimi, ispiri, rize, aTina da xofa. kaTedramRvdelmTavrisa _ q. baTomSi, rezidencia iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa : “baTomel-Semoqmedeli episkopozi”.
ig) cxum-bediisa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis : drandisa _ imave cxumis,bediisa, moqvisa da biWvinTisa). exlandeli soxumis olqi gagris ubnis mimatebiT.kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa cxumSi (soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve. mRvdelmTavrispativi: “cxumel-bedieli episkopozi”.
SeniSvna 1. mitropolitebi pativiT episkopozebze maRla dganan. samitropolito kaTe-
drebi ierarqiulad Tanasworni arian, agreTve saepiskopozo kaTedrebi. mwyemsmTavarni pa-
tivdebul iqmnebian xeldasxmis (qirotoniis) uxucesobis mixedviT. gamonaklisia mxolod tfile-
li mitropoliti, rodesac igi faqtiurad kaTolikozis mosaydreobas asrulebs.
SeniSvna 2. am siis Secvla da Sevseba sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias
ekuTvnis.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesias mTlianad da nawilobriv (eparqias, olqsa da sam-revlos) ganageben krebebi (sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiisa, saeparqio, saolqo dasamrevlo), romelTac aRmasrulebel organoebad hyavs sabWoebi (sakaTolikozo,saeparqio, saolqo da samrevlo).
mTavari gamgeoba $4. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs sruliad saqarTvelossaeklesio kreba, romZelsac Seadgens eklesiis srulwlovan wevrTa warmomadgenle-bi, ganurCevlad sqesisa, Tanamdebobisa da xarisxisa, TiToeul olqidan oTx-oTxi kaci, amaT garda saeklesio krebis aucilebel wevrebad iTvlebian yvelammarTveli mRvdelmTavrebi.
$5. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas Tavmjdomareobs kaTolikozi, xolo,roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre, da Tu mosaydrec ar aris, erT-erTi mRvdelmTa-vari krebis arCeviT. krebave airCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebsa da mdivnebs.kreba aris Cveulebrivi _ xuT weliwadSi erTxel, da araCveulebrivi _ rocasaWiroeba moiTxovs, Cveulebriv krebas iwvevs kaTolikozi, xolo araCveulebrivsan kaTolikozi, an sakaTolikozo sabWo, saeparqio sabWoTa umravlesobis Tanxmo-biT. kreba kanonieria, Tu mowveulTa erTi mesamedi mainc gamocxaddeba.
$6 . sruli ad s aqarTvelos sae klesio kreb is komp ete ncia s e qvem deb areb a :a) adgilobrivi saeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali;g) sabolood garCeva da gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas sakaTolikozosabWo warmoudgens; d) arCeva sakaTolikozo sabWos da sakaTolikozo sasamarT-los wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqie-bis gaxsna an arsebul eparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasuli-ero saswavlebelTa daarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis; z) mTavarimarTva-gamgeobis organoTa Statebis damtkiceba.
257saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$7. saeklesio krebis mudmivi aRmasrulebeli organo aris sruliad saqarTve-los sakaTolikozos sabWo (anu SemoklebiT “sakaTolikozo sabWo”). sakaTo-likozo sabWo Sesdgeba Tormet wevrisagan. sabWos wevrad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnesqalica da kacic, rogorc krebis delegatTa, ise aradelegatTagan. sabWos wevrni,agreTve oTxi maTi kandidati, aRirCevian saeklesio krebis mier xuTis wlis vadiTda SeuZlianT xelaxla arCeul iqmnen. sabWos Tavmjdomareobs kaTolikoz-patri-arqi, xolo roca is avad aris an sxvagan sadme, misi mosaydre. dasaxelebulTormet wevrTa garda sabWoSi gadamwyvetis xmiT monawileobas iRebs or-orimRvdelmTavari, romelnic gamoiwvevian eparqiebidan rigrigobiT ori Tvis vadiT,agreTve TiTo warmomadgeneli saeparqio sabWoTa, Tu ukanasknelni saWirod daTavisaTvis SesaZleblad dainaxaven maT warmogzavnas. sabWos sxdomis dReebisa dasaqmeebis ganxilvis rigs awesebs Tavmjdomare. sxdoma kviraSi orjer mainc undamoxdes da is kanonieria, Tu rva wevri mainc daeswreba TavmjdomariTurT. sabWoSisakiTxi ubralo xmis umetesobiT swydeba, xolo roca xmebi Tanabrad iyofa, maSinis azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
$8. sakaTolikozo sabWos samsaxuris mxriT eqvemdebarebian rogorc mRvdelmTa-varni da sasuliero pirni, agreTve saeklesio dawesebulebani da maTSi mosamsax-ureni, xolo sarwmunoebisa da saeklesio disciplinis mxriT yoveli wevrni saqarTve-los eklesiisa. sabWos dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saeklesio dawesebule-baTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis; imaTi Secvla SeuZlia mxolod sabWos da saeklesiokrebas. sakaTolikozo sabWo Tavis funqciebis aRsrulebis dros xelmZRvanelobssaRmrTo weriliT, msoflio da adgilobriv (maT Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis)krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelmwifoSi momqmed kanonmdeblobiT. sakaTolikozosabWos aqvs damxmare organoebi : kancelaria, samoswavlo komiteti, sameurneogamgeoba da samonastro gamgeoba: amaT garda sabWos hyavs iuriskonsulti.
$9. sakaTolikozo sabWos eqvemdebareba Semdegi saqmeebi : a) zrunva saeklesioswavla-moZRvrebisa da qarTuli RvTismetyvelebis ayvavebisa da Seuryvnelad dacvi-saTvis; b) zrunva samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi warmatebisaTvis; g) saekle-sio kanonTa da saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis dadgenilebaTa ganmarteba; rocasaWiroeba moiTxovs, axali kanon-proeqtis SemuSaveba da saeparqio sabWoebTan SeT-anxmebiT, droebiT, morig saeklesio krebamde, cxovrebaSi gatareba; krebas uflebaaqvs daadasturos an uarhyos am wesiTY cxovrebaSi gatarebuli kanoni; d) Tvalyurisdevneba mis qveiT mdgom pirTa da dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; e) zrunva monaster-Ta, taZarTa, saqvelmoqmedo da saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTil-mowyo-bisa da warmatebisaTvis; v) winaswari ganxilva da saTanado dawesebulebaTa winaSeSuamdgomlobis aRZvra monasterTa, eklesiaTa, saqvelmoqmedo da samoswavlo-saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; z) saTanado saxelmwifo dawese-bulebaTa da Tanamdebobis pirTa winaSe saeklesio saqmeTa gamo Suamdgomlobis
258 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
aRZvra; H) zrunva samRvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvel-yofisaTvis; T) zrunvasamsaxuridan gasul samRvdelo pirTa, saeklesio moxeleTa da samRvdeloebisqvriv-obolTaTvis; i) zrunva saRmrTo da saeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTaSedgenisa, Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTisTxovnisa, samsaxuridan ganTavisufleba; ib) reviziis daniSvna sxvadasxva saWiroe-baTa da SemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) eparqiebisa da saeklesio dawesebulebaTa xarjTaR-ricxvis ganxilva-damtkiceba; id) saeparqio da sxvadasxva saeklesio dawesebule-baTa wliuri angariSebis ganxilva da mTeli sakaTolikozoQs wliuri angariSisSedgena krebisaTvis warsadgenad; ie) saeklesio uZrav qonebaTa SeZena-ganTvisebisdamtkiceba; iv) sabolood garCeva da damtkiceba saeparqio sabWoTagan SemosulsaqmeTa; iz) nebarTva sakaTolikozoSi nebayoflobiTi Sewirulebis saqvelmoqmedomi zniT Sekrebi sa; iH) sxva avtokefalur e klesiebTan urTierTobi s daWera;iT) winaswari muSaoba sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis mowvevisaTvis daagreTve am krebaze gansaxilvel sakiTxTa damuSaveba da masalebis Sekreba; k) xelmZR-vaneloba kaTolikozis arCevnebisa; ka) micema droebiTis Tavisuflebisa, erTTveze metis vadiT, episkopozebisa, sakaTolikozo sabWoQsa da sakaTolikozo sasa-marTloQs wevrebisa da sabWoQs damxmare organoTa gamgeTaTvis; kb) ganxilva dagadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelnic saeparqio sabWoebidan gadmoecema; kg) zrunvagalobis aRdgena-gamSvenebisaTvis; kd) zrunva saarqeologio naSTTa dacvisaTvis.
$10. kaTolikozi. saWeTmpyroblad (mTavar-winamZRvrad) eklesiisa iTvlebamTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da sruliad saqarTveloQs kaTolikoz-patriarqi, romel-sac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis yvela srulwlovani wevri pirdapiris, say-ovelTao, Tanasworis da farulis xmis micemiT.
SeniSvna: sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo araa. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriT igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da unda
hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi sazogado ganaTleba da Sesaferi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba.
$11. kaTolikoz-patriarqi aris “pirveli TanasworTa Soris” (mociq. kan. 34)da misi kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruliad saqarTvelos saekle-sio krebas, sakaTolikozo sabWos da sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos; b) mwyemsmTavru-lad mimoixilavs sakaTolikozos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkopo-zebs saeparqio mTavar-gamgeobaSi; g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis drossakaTolikozoQs mRvdelmTavarni da samRvdeloeba; d) igi aZlevs droebiTs Tavisu-flebas: episkopozebs, sakaTolikozo sabWoQsa da sasamarTloQs wevrebs da sabWoQsdamxmare organoTa gamgeebs ara umetes erTi Tvisa weliwadSi, xolo saeparqiomarTva-gamgeobis organoTa da sasamarTlos Tavmjdomareebs da wevrebs ori Tvidanda mets; e) agreTve aZlevs daTxovniTs sigelebs im episkopozebs, romelnic epar-qiidan droebiT sxvagan sadme midian; v) rogorc Tavmjdomare sakaTolikozosasamarTlosi, igi iRebs saCivars episkopozTa, sakaTolikozo sabWos da sasa-
259saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
marTlos wevrTa, saeparqio krebaTa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa (sabWos da sasa-marTlos) Sesaxeb da aZlevs am saCivars kanonier msvlelobas; z) rogorc Tavmj-domare sakaTolikozo sabWosi, is zrunavs uepiskoposod darCenil eparqiebi-saTvi s; H ) sa Wiro SemTxvevaSi , sabWos mindob ilobiT, is aZlevs rCeva s damwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebsa da saeparqio marTva-gamgeobis organoTa dasasamarTloQs Tavmjdomareebsa da wevrebs; T) sabWosave mondobilobiT imas miw-er-mowera aqvs sxva avtokefalur eklesiebTan da saxelmwifos umaRles dawese-bulebebTan; i) moiwvevs Cveulebriv saeklesio krebas da araCveulebrivs saeparqiosabWoTa umravlesobis TanxmobiT.
saeparqio marTva-gamgeoba $12. saeparqio mmarTvelobis mTavari organoaris saeparqio kreba, romelzedac TviToeuli olqi hgzavnis oTxs warmomad-genels. kreba orgvaria : Cveulebrivi, weliwadSi erTxel, da araCveulebrivi _saWiroebisdagvarad. krebas Tavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari; rocamRvdelmTavari ar aris, kreba TiTon irCevs Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTaSoris. krebave irCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebs da mdivnebsac. kreba kanonieria,Tu masze gamocxadda ara umcires mowveulTa naxevrisa.
$13. saeparqio krebis uflebas Seadgens : a) saeparqio sabWoQs da saeparqiosasamarTloQs wevrTa da maTi kandidatebis arCeva; b) Tvalyuris devneba saepar-qio cxovrebisa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; g) eparqiis danawilebaolqebad, an arsebul olqTa gadamijvna; d) zrunva saeklesio, samoswavlo dasaganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa daarsebisa, gaumjobesebisa da nivTier saSu-alebaTa gamonaxvisaTvis eparqiaSi; e) adgilobrivi sabWos mier SemuSavebulwesebis da instruqciebis damtkiceba; v) zrunva galobis gaumjobesebisaTvis daagreTve zrunva siZveleTa dacvisaTvis.
$14. saeparqio krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saeparqio sabWo. sabWosTavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari, xolo, roca igi araa, maSin sabWoswevrebi Tvis Soris airCeven Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTagan. sabWo Sesdgebaeqvsi wevrisagan, romelTac irCevs kreba rogorc sasuliero, ise saero pirTagan.sabWos wevrebi irCevian saeparqio krebis mier sami wlis vadiT. amaT garda sabWoshyavs mdivani, romelsac TviT sabWo moiwvevs.
$15. saeparqio sabWos kompetencias eqvemdebareba : a) sarwmunoebis da zneobisdacva-ganmtkicebisaTvis zrunva eparqiaSi; b) Tvalyuris devneba samonastro dasaeklesio qonebaTa marTva-gamgeobisa eparqiaSi; g) ganxilva im saqmeebisa, romelTacmas saolqo krebebi an saolqo sabWoebi warmoudgenen; d) Tvalyuris devneba yvelasaeklesio dawesebulebaTa da saeklesio Tanamdebobis pirTa moqmedebisa eparqiaSi;e) ganxilva sakiTxisa axali olqebis gaxsnis an arsebul olqTa Semcirebisa gindgayofisa da gadamijvnisa eparqiis farglebSi; v) saeparqio krebaze gansaxilvel
260 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sakiTxTa winaswari damuSaveba; z) gacema iseTi dokumentebisa, romelnic morwmu-neTa moqalaqeobriv mdgomareobas Seexebian; H) saeparqio wliur angariSis Sedgenasaeparqio krebisa da sakaTolikozo sabWosaTvis warsadgenad; T) berobisa dasasuliero wodebidan ganTavisufleba.
SeniSvna : saqmeebi wydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT; magram, roca sabWosa da mRvdelmTa-
vars Soris uTanxmoebaa, maSin sadavo saqme gadaecema sakaTolikozo sabWos.
$16. episkopozi. episkopozi aris eparqiis sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi cxovrebisxelmZRvaneli da ganagebs eparqias saeparqio sabWosTan erTad. saepiskopozo kan-didati aRirCevis sayovelTao, pirdapiri, Tanaswori da faruli xmis micemiT,xolo xeldaasxams mas kaTolikozi episkopozTa krebiTurT. saepiskopozo kandi-dats unda hqondes miRebuli umaRlesio ganaTleba da Sesaferi saRvTismetyvelomomzadeba, xolo ukidures SemTxvevaSi ara umcires saSualo saRvTismetyveloganaTlebisa; fizikurad da zneobrivad unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTamoTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna : saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris.
$17. episkopozis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) sruli ufleba mTels eparqiaSi swav-la-moZRvrebisa; b) ufleba yovelgvaris mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva,raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmuneni saRs saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen; d) mas aqvsufleba axsnas qorwinebis dros zogierTi dabrkolebani, romelnic naTesaurikavSiridan gamomdinareoben; e) sarwmunoebriv saqmeebSi masze damokidebuli arianepaqriis yvela wevrebi; v) mis saxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli epar-qiis samRvdeloeba; z) is aZlevs droebiTs Tavisuflebas, ara umetes erTi Tvisa,saeparqio dawesebulebebSi mosamsaxureT, -
episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da mTavar saek-lesio mmrTvelobis mier kanonierad gamocemuls dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca amaTu im saeklesio kanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daibadeba, gansa-marteblad mTavar saeklesio mTavrobas mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqoniossamwysosTan da am mizniT xSir-xSirad mimoixilos Tavisi eparqia; g) yvelaferSidaemorCilos sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas da, roca sakaTolikozosabWo miiwvevs, aRniSnul krebaze gamocxaddes; d) mTavari saeklesio mTavrobisnebadaurTvelad ara moimoqmedos ra iseTi, rac mis uflebas aRemateba; e) wirva-locvis dros kaTolikozis saxels ixseniebdes; v) sxva eparqiaSi Tavisi nebiT aradaiwyos ra; z) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs, saeparqio sabWoebsada saeparqio gadawyvetilebas. _ rogorc saeparqio sasamarTlos Tavmjdomares,episkopozs ufleba aqvs, am sasamarTlos ganaCenis Tanaxmad, damnaSave mRvdelimRvdelmoqmedebidan gankveTos, epitemia daados, anu moxsnas da sxv.
saolqo mmarTveloba $18. saeklesio olqSi Sedis ara umcires 10-isa da araumetes 15-is samrevloQsa.
261saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$19. olqs ganagebs saolqo kreba, romelSiac monawileobas iRebs olqisTviTeuli samrevlodan ori-ori warmomadgeneli. krebas Tavmjdomareobs sam-Rvdelo piri krebisave arCeviT. saolqo krebas iwvevs saolqo sabWo da igi kanon-ieria, Tu masze gamocxaddeba ara umcires yvela wevrTa naxevrisa. saolqo krebaaris: Cveulebrivi _ weliwadSi orjel da araCveulebrivi _ saWiroebisadagvarad.
$20. saolqo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis : a) saolqo sabWosi da saolqosasamarTlos wevrTa da maTi kandidatebis arCeva, agreTve arCeva delegatebisasaeparqio da sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisaTvis; b) zrunva samrevloeb-Si saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisa da warmatebisaTvis; g) zrunva qvriv-obol-gaWivrebulTaTvis, da sazogadod saqvelmoqmedo saqmis moywoba olqSi; d) sa-olqo sabWos moqmedebis angariSTa ganxilva; e) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra da mosazre-baTa wardgena Sesaxeb axalis samrevloebis daarsebisa, arsebul samrevloTa gay-ofisa da Semcirebisa; v) sasyidlis daniSvna saolqo sabWoQs da saolqo sasamarT-loQs mdivnisa da saqmis mwarmoebelisaTvis.
$21. saolqo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saolqo sabWo, romelicSesdgeba Tavmjdomarisa (usaTuod mRvdeli unda iyos) da eqvsi wevrisagan, romel-sac irCevs saolqo kreba sami wlis vadiT, rogorc saero, agreTve sasulieropirTagan. sabWos hyavs mdivani, romelsac iwvevs TviT sabWo.
$22. saolqo sabWo: a) adgens saolqo wliur angariSs, romelsac warudgenssaolqo krebasa da saeparqio sabWos; b) winaswar daamuSavebs sakiTxebs, romelicsaolqo krebas unda waredginos gansaxilvelad; g) iwvevs saolqo krebas da xe-lmZRvanelobas uwevs samrevlo krebebs wevrTa arCevaSi; d) iZleva saWiro cnobebsolqis dawesebulebaTa da mosamsaxure pirTa Sesaxeb, roca amas umaRlesi saekle-sio dawesebulebani moiTxoven; e) zrunavs moawesrigos krebulis wevrTa Soris amty-dari uTanxmoebani saZmo Semosavlisa da sazogadod sameurneo saqmeebis gamo, agreTveamave xasiaTis uTanxmoebani krebulis wevrTa da samrevlo sabWoebs Soris da sxv.
SeniSvna: dawvrilebiTs instruqcias saolqo sabWoebisaTvis SeimuSavebs sakaTolikozo sabWo.
samrevlo $23. samrevlo aris erTis sarwmunoebriv-zneobriobis mizniT,urTierTis daxmarebis azriT, saeklesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris krebulis xelmZR-vanelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemo Semokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damok-idebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba.
SeniSvna: samrevlo iuridiul pirs warmoadgens.
$24. samrevlos gaxsna ar SeiZleba, ukeTu morwmuneTa ricxvi imdenad mcirea,rom sakuTari taZrisa da krebulis Senaxva ar SeuZliaT. TviTeul samrevlosuWiravs gansazRvruli teritoria, romlis sazRvrebi SeiZleba Seicvalos sxvasamrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeklesio mTavrobis nebarTviT.
SeniSvna: qalaqebSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar aris.
262 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$25. mrevlad iTvleba yoveli morwmune, romelic gansazRvruls samrevlosekuTvnis, Setanilia samrevlo wignSi da monawileobas iRebs yvela xarjebSi,rasac samrevlo eweva.
SeniSvna: rodesac morwmunes erTi samrevlos teritoriidan meoresaSi uxdeba gadasvla
(mag: qalaqebSi), mas SeuZlia, Tu moisurvebs, winandeli samrevlos wevrad darCes.
$26. yovel samrevlos aqvs Tav isi sakuTreb a, rasac Se adgenen sxvadasxvasaxelwodebisa da daniSnulebis Tanxebi da maTi Semosavali, sanTlis mogeba,taZarSi, samrevloSi an sxvagan Segrovili Semowiruloba, sasaflaos Semosava-li, s amrevlo da sakrebulo adgilmam uli da misi Semosav ali, yovelgvarisaganmanaTleblo da saqvelmoqmedo xasiaTis Semowiruleba, sakrebulo saxlebi,taZari da misi samkauli, sasaflao da sxva. am sakuTrebas samrevlo ganagebsSesafer organoTa saSualebiT.
SeniSvna 1. taZari aris morwmuneTa samlocvelo Senoba, samrevlo, saeklesio, saxelmwifo
anu kerZo qvelmoqmedTa xarjiT agebuli. erTsa da imave samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos zedmiwer-
ili taZari, romelSiac, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqneba, sruldeba yovelg-
vari RvTismsaxureba.
SeniSvna 2. micvalebulTa dasamarxad samrevlos miCenili aqvs sagangebo adgili-sasa-
flao. samrevlos SeuZlia saflavebisaTvis gansazRvruli fasi daawesos, mxolod Raribebi
ufasod unda imarxeboden.
$27. rodesac samrevlo sabolood ixureba, misi qoneba gadadis saqarTveloseklesiis kuTvnilebad: Tu is sxva samrevlos miewera, imisi qoneba ukanaskneliskuTvnilebad iqceva; xolo rodesac samrevlos romelime nawili damoukidebelsamrevlod gamoiyofa, imas saerTo qonebidan miecema dakmayofileba ZiriTadissamrevlos gadawyvetilebisameber.
$28. samrevlos ganagebs samrevlo kreba, romelsac Seadgens yvela marTlma-didebeli qali da kaci (ara umcires 20-is wlisa), romelnic am samrevlossabuTebSi arian Cawerilni, rogorc wevrni samrevloQsa. kreba aris Cveulebrivi _weliwadSi orjel da ara-Cveulebrivi _ saWiroebisamebr, samrevlo krebas iwvevssamrevlo sabWo. kreba unda mowveul iqnas im SemTxvevaSic, roca amas moiTxovs araumcires samrevloQs 20-is srulwlovanis wevrisa. kreba TiTon irCevs Tavmj-domares da, Tu saWiroa, mdivansac. kreba kanonieria, ukeTu masze samrevloQsyvela srulwlovan wevrTa mesamedi mainc gamocxaddeba, xolo Tu kreba pirvelmowvevaze ar Sesdga, meored igi kanonieria, ramdeni wevric unda gamocxaddes.
$29. samrevlos krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) arCeva krebulisa da samrevlosabWoQs wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa, agreTve samrevlos molarisa (uwindeli“mnaTisa”); b) eklesiisa da krebulis SenaxvisaTvis zrunva; g) samarTalSi micemasamrevlo sabWoQs wevrebisa samsaxuris aRsrulebis dros uflebis aRmatebisa daborotmoqmedebisaTvis; d) aRZrva saqmisa saolqo anu saeparqio sasamarTloebiswinaSe krebulis wevrTa Sesaxeb maTi uTanado moqmedebisa da cudi yofaqcevisaTvis;
263saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
e) zrunva eklesiis ganSvenebisa da keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva samrevlossarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi srulyofisa da mis saganmanaTleblo-saqvelmoqmedodawesebulebaTaTvis; z) zrunva sakrebulo saxlisa da sasaflaosaTvis; H) daniSvnasarevizio komisiis wevrebisa samrevlo sabWos moqmedebisa da angariSis gansaxil-velad; T) arsebul samrevlos gayofis Sesaxeb Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; i) Suamdgo-mlobis aRZvra uZrav-moZravi qonebis SeZenisa da ganTvisebis Sesaxeb; ia) aRebaiseTis sesxisa, romelinic samrevlos Tviur Semosavals aRemateba; ib) Suamdgom-lobis aRZvra taZris kapitalurad gadakeTebis Sesaxeb, roca trapezis aSlaasaWiro; ig) arCeva delegatebisa saolqo krebisaTvis.
$30. samrevlo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris samrevlo sabWo, romelicSedgeba ara umcires eqvsisa da ara umetes Tormetis wevrisa, romelTac irCevssamrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomareobs eklesiiswinamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWo TviTon irCevs TavmjdomaresTvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel, xolo, Tu saWiroeba moiTx-ovs, ufro xSirad, saqmeebi wydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT, xolo, roca xmebiTanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upitaresobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
SeniSvna : sabWos wevrad, agreTve molared irCeva rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
$31. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis uZrav-moZravi qonebismarTva-gamgeoba; b) yovelgvari statistikuri cnobis Sekreba, rasac ki samrev-los marTva-gamgeobisaTvis aqvs raime mniSvneloba; g) akrefa saeklesio gadasax-adisa mrevlSi da misi daniSnulebisamebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebu-lis Sesanax saSualebaTa gasaZliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebiskeTil-mowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmo-qmedebis wesiT; z) aRZvra saqmisa im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa damorwmuneTa sarwmunoebrivs grZnobas Selaxaven; H) mowveva samrevlo krebisa dawinaswari damuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelic krebam unda ganixilos; T) gamgeobasamrevlo sasaflaosi; i) samrevlo qonebisa da Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba;ia) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri angariSis Sedgena saolqo sabWosa da samrevlokrebisaTvis warsadgenad.
SeniSvna : samrevlo sabWos aucilebeli wevria samrevlo molare (uwindeli “mnaTe), romelic
awarmoebs wmida sanTlis operacias, iRebs samrevlo Tanxmebs da inaxavs sakredito dawese-
bulebebSi, awarmoebs Semosaval-gasavlis wignsa da adgens samrevlois Semosaval-gasavlis
wliur angariSs. molares irCevs samrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT.
$32. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian : mRvdeli da wignis-mkiTxveli, xolo, sadac SeZlebaa, iq samrevlos diakonica (mTavari) hyavs.
SeniSvna 1. diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod TanaSemweni mRvdlisa da uimisod
araviTari mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesruleba ar SeuZlianT samrevloSi.
SeniSvna 2. erTsa da imave samrevloSi ori mRvdlis yofna sasurveli ar aris; magram, Tu
amas moiTxovs samrevlos sidide da aucilebeli saWiroeba, samrevlos SeuZlia Tavis winamZR-
vars TanaSemwed meore mRvdeli misces.
264 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$33. mRvdeli. mRvdeli valdebulia: a) mudam Tavis mrevlSi scxovrobdes dasamrevlo ar dastovos, gansakuTrebiT roca iq raime moaruli seni gaCndeba daroca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tvalyurs adevnebdessakuTars yofaqcevas, rogorc sazogadoebaSi, ise Tavis saxlSi; g) aasrulossazogadoebrivi RvTismsaxureba dawesebul dros; d) mrevlis moTxovnilebisamebraasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; e) Tvalyuri adevnos taZrisa da saRvTismsax-uro sagnebis sisufTavesa da keTilSvenierebas; v) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSi saek-lesio disciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; z) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu imsakiTxis Sesaxeb eWvi daebadeba, movalea axsna-ganmartebisaTvis saolqo an saepar-qio sabWos mihmarTos; H) mis upirveles movaleobas Seadgens eklesiaSi qadageba dasazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; T) mRvdeli movalea RvTismsaxurebis dros kaTo-likozisa da Tavisi episkopozis saxeli moixsenios; i) agreTve movalea krebulissxva wevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmoos; ia) Tavis samrevloSi mRvdelsufleba aqvs sxvis mRvdels romlisame mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebis neba ar misces.
$34. krebulis wevrebs irCevs samrevlo kreba, romelsac am SemTxvevaSi xelmZR-vanelobas uwevs saolqo sabWo Tavisi warmomadgenlis SemweobiT. arCevis Semdegsaolqo sabWos warmomadgeneli Seadgens saarCevno sigels, romelsac warudgenssaolqo sabWos, xolo es ukanaskneli Tavisi daskvniTurT saeparqio sabWos _dasamtkiceblad. saeparqio sabWos ufleba aqvs samrevlos dasabuTebuli uariuTxras da axali kandidatis arCeva mosTxovos. krebis mier meored arCeuli kandi-dati unda damtkicebul iqmnas sabWos mier.
$35. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidati unda iyos moqalaqeobrivad srul-wlovani, xolo wignis mkiTxvelad SeiZleba ufro axalgazrdac airCes. fizikuradsamRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidati unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonebis moTx-ovnilebas. rac Seexeba maT zneobriv TvisebaTa gamorkvevas, es mTlianad amom-rCevelTa ndobisa da sindisis saqmea; samRvdelo kandidats unda hqondes miRebulisaSualo sazogado ganaTleba da yovel SemTxvevaSi ara umcires sruli progimna-ziuli ganaTlebisa. amave moTxovnilebas unda akmayofilebden, SeZlebisdagvarad,sadiakvno kandidatebi da wignis mkiTxvelnic, romelTac unda icodnen RvTismsax-urebis wesebi da saeklesio sabuTebis warmoeba, rac windawinve (arCevamde) undaiyos Semowmebuli romelsame saeparqio sabWosagan.
SeniSvna : wignis-mkviTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
saeklesio samarTali $36. saqarTvelos eklesiis samarTals eqvemdebarebaam eklesiis yvela wevri iseT saqmeSi saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, zneobrivcxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelT-aTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRve-visa da gasworebisa.
265saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$37. saeklesio samarTali gancalkevebulia saeklesio gamgeobisagan, e.i. aqvssakuTari organoebi, garda sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebisa, romelicuzenaesi organoa rogorc gamgeobisa, ise samarTlisa eklesiaSi. am krebis gardasaeklesio samarTals aqvs kidev Semdegi organoebi : sakaTolikozo, saeparqio dasaolqo sasamarTloebi.
$38. gansakuTrebuli instituti saqmis gamomZieblisa ar arsebobs, aramedsasamarTlo TviTon irCevs gamomZiebels Tavis wevrTagan TviToeul SemTxvevaSi.ar arsebobs arc prokuroris Tanamdeboba, aramed sasamarTlos erT-erT wevrsmiendoba sabraldebo oqmis Sedgena da moxseneba; es wevri Semdeg monawileobas aRariRebs ganaCenis gamotanaSi.
SeniSvna: braldebuls neba aqvs sasamarTloSi damcveli (veqili) daixmaros, magram TviT
sasamarTlosTan damcvelis instituti ar arsebobs.
$39. saeklesio samarTali daxuruli ar aris, saqm is garCe vas gare Seniceswrebian. ganaCens sasamarTlos wevrebi daadgenen Tavisi Sinaganis darwmunebisTanaxmad, da mxolod mas Semdeg, roca Semowmebul iqneba sasamarTloSi warmod-genili sabuTebi.
$40. yoveli saqme arsebiTad gadawydeba ors instanciaSi da mesame instanciaiqneba sakasacio. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis ganaCeni ki sabolovoa,Tundac iq saqme pirvelis instanciiT wydebodes.
saolqo sasamarTlo $41. yovel saeklesio olqs aqvs erTi saolqo sasamarT-lo, romlis Semadgenloba aseTia : Tavmjdomare _ usaTuod mRvdeli da oTxiwevri, romelTac irCevs saolqo kreba sami wlis vadiT. igive kreba irCevs sasa-marTlos wevrTa kandidatebsac.
SeniSvna: sasamarTlos wevrebi ganmeorebiTac SeiZleba arCeul iqmnen.
$42. saolqo sasamarTlos eqvemdebareba iseTi saqmeebi ($36), romelTaTvisacsaeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia SeniSvna da datuqsva.
saeparqio sasamarTlo $43. saeparqio sasamarTlos hyavs Tavmjdomare _adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari _ da eqvsi wevri, romelTac irCevs saeparqio krebasami wlis vadiT.
SeniSvna 1. roca mRvdelmTavari ar aris, maSin sasamarTloSi Tavmjdomareobs erTi wevri
mRvdelTagani TviT sasamarTlos arCeviT.
SeniSvna 2. sasamarTlodan gasuli wevri SeiZleba xelmeored arCeul iqmnes. sasamarTlos
wevrebTan erTad saeparqio kreba irCevs maT kandidatebsac.
$44. saeparqio sasamarTlos eqvemdebarebian: a) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvisacsaeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia umZimesi zomebi : mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebis akrZa-lva, samsaxuridan gadayeneba; b) agreTve saolqo sabWoebis wevrTa danaSaulobanisamsaxuris aRsrulebis dros; g) gasaCivrebuli saqmeebi saolqo sasamarTloe-bidan; d) ganqorwinebis saqme.
266 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sakaTolikozo sasamarTlo $45. sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos hyavs Tavmj-domare _ kaTolikozi da rva wevri, arCeulni sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesiokrebis mier xuTi wlis vadiT. roca saqme romelsame episkopozs Seexeba, maSins aq mi s garCev a Si monawileoba s iRe be n gada m wy veti s xm iT yv ela sa ep arqiomRvdelmTavrebic.
SeniSvna 1. roca kaTolikozi ar aris, maSin sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos Tavmjdomareobs
kaTolikozis mosaydre.
SeniSvna 2. wevrebTan erTad saeklesio krebis mier airCeva maTi oTxi kandidatic.
$46. sakaTolikozo sasamarTlos eqvemdebareba : a) danaSaulobani, romelT-aTvisac saeklesio kanoniT daniSnulia eklesiis wevrobidan gamoricxva; b) saeparqiosabWoebis wevrTa da mRvdelmTavarTa danaSaulobani samsaxurSi; g) gansaCivrebulisaqmeebi saeparqio sasamarTloebidan apelaciis wesiT da saolqo sasamarTloe-bidan kasaciis wesiT.
uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali $47. uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali sruli-ad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebis xelSia ($6 da $40), romelic aris pirveli dasaboloo msjavris damdebi organo sakaTolikozo sabWos da sakaTolikozo sasa-marTlos wevrebisa. mas eqvemdebareba: a) kaTolikozisa da sakaTolikozo sabWosda sasamarTlos wevrTa uTanado moqmedebani da danaSaulobani samsaxurSi. b)gansaCivrebuli saqmeebi sakaTolikozo sasamarTlodan apelaciis wesiT, xolosaeparqio sasamarTloebidan kasaciis wesiT.
gadmobeWdilia wignidan - “debulebani, miRebuli saqarTvelos 1917 wlis saekle-sio krebaze”, tfilisi, stamba “cxovreba”, gabaanT Sesaxvevi, N4, 1917 w.
267saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
1918 wlis 26 maiss gamocxadda
saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis aRd-
gena, warmoiSva damoukidebeli ̀ saqarTve-
los respublika~. pirvel msoflio omSi
ruseTis imperiis marcxis Semdeg germa-
niisa da osmaleTis mxarem saqarTvelos
gavlenian partiebsa da erovnul sabWos
wauyena moTxovna-ultimatumi gamoecx-
adebinaT saqarTvelos damoukidebeli sax-
elmwifos daarseba, winaaRmdeg SemTx-
vevaSi osmaleTi moaxdenda amierkavkasi-
is okupirebas (rusis jarma am drois-
aTvis datova amierkavkasia). amis gamo,
amierkavkasiis samma xalxma (qarTvelebma,
azerbaijanelebma da somxebma) gamoacx-
ades TavianTi saxelmwifo damoukide-
blo ba . saq a rTv eloSi sax elmw ifo
mmarTveloba Tavis xelSi aiRo im droi-
saTvis xalxSi popularulma social-
demokratiulma partiam, misma `menSe-
vikurma~ frTam. es partia iqamde mudam
ibrZoda saqarTvelos damoukideblobis
winaaRmdeg, TavgamodebiT icavda ̀ erTiani,
saqarTvelos II saeklesio kreba (27.06.1920)
ganuyofeli ruseTis~ ideas, SemTxve-
vis wyalobiT, menSevikuri partia moeq-
ca im saxelmwifos saTaveSi, romlis
warmoSobis wi n a aR md e g ac i br Zo da
aTwleulebis manZilze. aman asaxva hpova
mis damokidebulebaSi qarTuli eklesi-
isadmi. cxadia, maT ver Seafases qarTu-
li eklesiis mniSvneloba.
amitomac, 1920 wlis 27 ivniss gam-
arTulma saeklesio kreb am imsjela
mTavrobis mier eklesiis mimarT gamot-
anili gadawyvetilebaTa Sesaxeb da aRni-
Sna, rom didad ilaxeboda eklesiis da
morwmune eris interesebi.
II kreba Seexo eklesiis marTva-
gamgeobis debulebas. krebam gaauqma
Tbilisis samitropolito kaTedra ,
gaaerTiana mcxeTisa da Tbilisis epar-
qiebi, romelic Sevida kaTolikos-pa-
triarqis iurisdiqciaSi.
kre bam SeimuSava marTva-gamgeobis
axali de buleba ; kaTolikoz-patri-
arq ad daamtkica uwmidesi da une -
taresi leonide.
268 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeoba
debulebanimiRebuli sruliad saqarTvelos 1920 wlis saeklesio krebis mier
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofeba eparqiebad, epar-qiebi _ olqebad, xolo olqebi _ samrevloebad.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Semdegi eparqiebia:a) mcxeTisa da tfilisisa, romlis mwyemsTmTavari aris “mTavarepiskopozi
mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi”. samw-yso : saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. dedaqalaqi mcxeTa, orisave aragvisa da qsan-lexuris xeobani, gare-qarTli da gare-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis : mcx-eTisa, wilknisa, nawili samTavisisa da samTavrosi, tfilisisa, manglisisa,walkisa, dmanisisa, bolnisisa, winwyarosi, agarakisa, rusTavisa, kawareTisa daninowmidisa), rasac Seicavs exlandeli duSeTis mazra Semdegis cvlilebiT : dasav-leTiT emateba qsan-lexuris xeobaTa qvemo-nawili vidre wlevis mTamde, tfil-isis da borCalos mazrebi da bambakis xeoba. kaTedra eparqiisa aris mcxeTa(sveticxovelSi), xolo kaTolikozis rezidencia - tfilisSi.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqis samwysos Seadgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wevrni, mcx-
ovrebni sakaTolikozos gareT iseT qveynebSi, sadac marTlmadidebeli episkopozi ar aris, da
saqarTvelos mxedroba.
SeniSvna 2. kaTolikozis gardacvalebis Semdeg gamoiwveva erT-erTi mRvdelmTavari da
igi iwodeba kaTolikozis mosaydred, kaTolikozis arCevamde.
b) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida-kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: alaverdisa,nekresisa da xarWaSenis), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Telavisa da TianeTis mazrebixarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-durZukeTi, miwerili Tergisa dadaRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra _ alaverdSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa q. TelavSi.pativi mRvdelmTavrisa aris - “alaverdeli episkopozi” (anu “abba alaverdeli”).
g) bodbisa. samwyso: hereTi, rani, Saqi da wuqeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqieb-isa: bodbisa, Weremisa, giSisa da xoranabujisa), rasac Seadgens exlandeli mazrebida olqebi _ siRnaRisa, zaqaTalisa, samurisa, nuxisa, areSisa, ganjisa da yazax-isa. kaTedra - bodbeSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTa vrisa _ q. siRnaRSi. pativimRvdelmTavris: “bodbeli episkopozi”.
d) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida-qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa : urbnisis,ruisis, niqozisa, nawili samTavisisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli
269saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
goris mazra, garda borjomis xeobisa, da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergismxareze. kaTedra _ urbnisSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa _ q. gorSi. mRvdelmTavrispativi: “urbneli episkopozi”.
e) awyurisa. samwyso : samcxe, javaxeTi da zemo-somxeTi (teritoria Zvelieparqiebisa : awyuris, wurwyabis, kumurdosi, eruSeTis, dadaSenis, wyarosTavis,anisis, karisa da alaSkertis), rasac Seadgens exlandeli axalcixis mazra _borjomis xeobis mimatebiT, axalqalaqis mazra, artaanis olqi, yarsis olqi,yaRzevanis olqi, gumbris mazra da amaT garda ori olqi osmaleTis samzRvrebSi_ basiani da alaSkerti. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ awyverSi (droebiT zarzmaSi),rezidencia q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi - “mawyvereli episkopozi”.
v) quTaisisa. samwyso: qvemo-imereTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa : quTaisisada xonis), - exlandeli quTaisis mazra md. wyalwiTelas qvemod. kaTedra _quTaisSi da mwyemsmTavris rezidencia iqve. mwyemsmTavris pativi aris - “quTaTe-li mitropoliti”.
z) genaTisa. samwyso: zemo-imereTi (teritoria genaTis Zveli eparqiisa), -e xla ndeli Sora p ni s m a zra da o kri b a m d. w y alwiT elas ze mod. kaT edramRvdelmTavrisa _ gelaTSi, rezidencia _ q. zestafonSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi :“genaTeli episkopozi”.
H) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa), -exlandeli raWis mazra. kaTedra _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa _onSi. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “nikorwmideli episkopozi”.
T) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),- exlandeli leCxumis mazra. kaTedra _ cagerSi. mRvdelmTavris rezidencia _iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “cagereli episkopozi”.
i) Wyondidisa. samwyso : odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa : Wyondidis,caiSisa da walenjixisa) , exlandeli s enakis a da zugdidis mazreb i. kaT edramwyemsmTavrisa _ martvilSi, rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa aris- “Wyondideli mitropoliti”.
ia) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoriaZveli eparqiebisa: xinowmidisa _ imave baTomisa, Semoqmedisa, jumaTisa, satra-pelasi, tbeTisa, anCisa, iSxanisa da banisa), rasac Seicavs saqarTvelos respub-likis sazRvrebSi _ exlandeli ozurgeTis mazra, baTomis, arTvinis da olTisisolqebi, xolo osmaleTis sazRvrebSi _ olqebi : TorTomi, kiskimi, ispiri, rize,aTina da xofa. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _ q. baTomSi da rezidencia iqve. pativimRvdelmTavrisa: “baTomel-Semoqmedeli episkopozi”.
SeniSvna: sanam guriis eparqiaSi sakuTari mRvdelmTavari dainiSnebodes exlandel guria-
samegrelos episkoposs ewodos Wyondidel-Semoqmedeli.
270 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ib) cxum-afxazeTisa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebis: drandisa _ imave cxumis,bediisa, moqvisa da biWvinTisa). exlandeli soxumis olqi gagris ubnis mimatebiT.kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa cxumSi (soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve. mRvdelmTavrispativi aris - “cxumel-afxazeli mitropoliti”.
SeniSvna 1. mitropolitebi pativiT episkopozebze maRla dganan. samitropolito kaTe-
drebi ierarqiulad Tanasworni arian, agreTve saepiskopozo kaTedrebi. mwyemsmTavarni pa-
tivdebul iqmnebian xeldasxmis (qirotoniis) uxucesobis mixedviT.
SeniSvna 2. am siis Secvla da Sevseba sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias
ekuTvnis.
mTavari gamgeoba $3. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs saqarTvelos saeklesiokreba, romelsac Seadgens or-ori warmomadgeneli TiTo olqisagan. amaTgan erTiueWvelad samRvdelo pirTagani unda iyves, xolo meore eklesiis srulwlovanwevrTagan, ganurCevlad sqesisa, Tanamdebobisa da xarisxisa (SeiZleba sasulieropiri iyves).
amaT garda saeklesio krebis aucilebel wevrebad iTvlebian yvela mmarTvelimRvdelTmTavrebi, sakaTolikozo sabWos wevrebi, TviTeul eparqiiTgan TiTo war-momadgeneli dedaTa da mamaTa monastrebisa, da TiTo warmomadgeneli sasulieroumaRles da saSualo saswavlebelTagan da tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetisagan.
SeniSvna 1. avadmyofobis dros mRvdelTmTavars ufleba aqvs wargzavnos krebazed Tavisi
warmomadgeneli.
SeniSvna 2. delegatad arCeul unda iqmnas saeroTagan iseTi piri, romelic sam ukanasknel
weliwadSi erTxel mainc ziarebula, xolo samRvdeloTagan, romelic weliwadSi orjer ityvis
aRsarebas Tavis moZRvarTan, da romelTac sasamarTlos mier ar aqvT CamorTmeuli anu SezRudu-
li sazogado krebaze daswrebis ufleba.
SeniSvna 3. delegats saolqo krebis wevrni irCeven Tvis Soris.
SeniSvna 4. delegatad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnas mRvdlis xarisxisagan gandgomili an gankveTili.
$4. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas Tavmjdomareobs kaTolikozi, xolo,roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre, da Tu mosaydrec ar aris, erT-erTi mRvdelmTa-vari krebis arCeviT. krebave airCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebsa da mdivnebs.kreba aris perioduli, weliwadSi erTxel, da mudmivi _ sakaTolikozo sabWossaxeliT. periodul krebas iwvevs kaTolikozi, an misi mosaydre. kreba kanonieria,Tu mowveulTa naxevari mainc gamocxaddeba.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis periodul krebis kompetencias eqvemdebareba : a) adg-ilobrivi saeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali; g) sab-olood garCeva da gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas sakaTalikozo sabWowarmoudgens; d) arCeva sakaTolikozo sabWos, anu mudmivi krebis wevrebisa da maTikandidatebisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqiebis gaxsna an arsebuleparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasuliero saswavlebelTadaarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis.
271saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$6. mudmivi kreba anu sakaTalikozo sabWo Sesdgeba yvela mmarTvel mRvdelT-mTavarTagan da eqvsi wevrisagan. sabWos wevrebi da maTi eqvsi kandidati aRirCeviansaeklesio krebis mier, rogorc delegatTa, ise ara delegatTagan. naxevari arCeu-li wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa uTuod samRvdelo pirni unda iyvnen.
SeniSvna: kaTalikoz-patriarqi da sabWos wevrebi pasuxismgebelni arian periodul krebis winaSe.
$7. sabWos wevrni, agreTve maTi kandidatebi aRirCevian saeklesio krebis miersami wlis vadiT da SeuZlianT xel-axla arCeul iqmnan. sabWos TavmjdomareobskaTolikoz-patriarqi, xolo roca is avad aris an sxvagan sadmea uxucesi sam-Rvdelo piri.
SeniSvna: periodul krebas aqvs sabWos arCeuli wevri ganaTavisuflos samsaxuriTgan va-
dis gaTavebamdec.
$8. sabWos sxdoma kanonieria, Tu mas daeswreba Tavmjdomare da tfilisSi myofwevrTa naxevari.
SeniSvna: mmarTvelni mRvdelmTavarni sabWos sxdomebze gamoiwvevian saWiroebisdagvarad.
$9. sabWoSi sakiTxi ubralo xmis umetesobiT swydeba, xolo roca xmebi Tanabradiyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
$10. sabWos wevrT ar aqvT ufleba Tavi Seikavon xmis micemisagan.$11. Tu romelime wevri moisurvebs kerZo azris Setanas, movalea gamosTqvas
igi TviT sxdomazed, da ara ugvianes sami dRisa warudginos werilobiT sxdomisTavmjdomares, JurnalSi Sesatanad, anu dasarTvelad.
SeniSvna: kerZo azri ver SeaCerebs miRebuli ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvanas.
$12. saqmeebis ganxilvis rigs awesebs Tavmjdomare.$13. sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs sabWos yvela wevrs, am uflebis gansaxor-
cieleblad saWiroa werilobiTi gancxadebis Setana kaTolikoz-patriarqis saSu-alebiT, romelic movalea aRniSnuli gancxadeba gadasces gansaxilvelad sabWosumaxlobels krebas.
$14. kaTolikoz-patriarqs ar aqvs ufleba, moxsnas Tavis gankargulebiT sak-iTxi rigisagan, xeli SeuSalos ganCinebis gamotanas dasmul sakiTxze, an SeaCerosganCinebis sisruleSi moyvana.
$15. kaTolikoz-patriarqi, Tu dainaxavs, rom sabWos mier gamotanili gan-Cineba mavnebeli da sazianoa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi mxriT eklesiis keTildRe-obisaTvis, - SeuZlia ganacxados protesti da samis dRis ganmavlobaSi SeitanossabWoSi werilobiTi winadadeba sakiTxis gadasinjvisaTvis. es winadadeba sabWomunda ganixilos ara ugvianes Svidi dRisa (sxdomas unda daeswros tfilisSi myofwevrTa ori mesamedi mainc) da Tu am sxdomaze gamotanili ganCinebac ver gaiziarakaTolikozma, ukanasknels SeuZlia an SeaCeros saqmis warmoeba, an gadasces igigansaxilvelad umaxlobeles periodul krebas, an sisruleSi moiyvanos Tavisiwinadadeba perioduli krebis winaSe piradis pasuxismgeblobiT.
SeniSvna: am gvari protestis ufleba aqvs mxolod kaTolikoz-patriarqs.
272 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$16. roca sabWoSi irCeva saCivari Tavmjdomaris anu sabWos wevris ukanonomoqmedebaTa gamo, dainteresebul pirs neba aqvs darCes darbazSi saqmis moxsenebisdros da miawodos sabWos saWiro ganmarteba, magram, roca sabWo Seudgeba ganCineb-is gamotanas, ueWvelad unda dastovos darbazi.
SeniSvna: roca saCivari exeba Tavmjdomaris (kaTolikozis) ukanono moqmedebas, sabWos
Tavmjdomareobs uxucesi damswre mRvdelTmTavarTagan.
$17. sabWos ganCinebas xels awers yvelazed uwin Tavmjdomare da mas ukan yvelaim sxdomaze damswre wevri, miuxedavad imisa, Tanaxma iyo igi gamotanili ganCineb-isa, Tu ara.
$18. sabWos wevrTa Soris saqmeTa ganawileba da maTi warmoebis wesi xdebasabWosve ganCinebiT. Tu romelime wevri ar asrulebs Tavis movaleobas da xelsuSlis saqmis normalurad warmoebas, sakaTolikozo sabWos eZleva ufleba misigadayenebisa da mis adgilzed kandidatis mowvevisa. amis Sesaxeb sakaTolikozosabWo valdebulia, moaxsenos morig saeklesio krebas, msjavris dasadebad.
$19. sakaTalikozo sabWos samsaxuris mxriT eqvemdebarebian rogorc mRvdelmTa-varni da sasuliero pirni, agreTve saeklesio dawesebulebani da maTSi mosamsax-ureni, xolo sarwmunoebisa da saeklesio disciplinis mxriT yoveli wevri saqarTve-los eklesiisa. sabWos dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saeklesio dawesebule-baTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis; imaTi Secvla SeuZlia mxolod sabWos da periodulkrebas. sakaTolikozo sabWo Tavisi funqciebis aRsrulebis dros xelmZRvanelobssaRmrTo weriliT, msoflio da adgilobrivi (maT Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis)krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelmwifoSi moqmed kanonmdeblobiT. sakaTolikozosabWos aqvs damxmare organoebi, kancelaria da sxva.
$20. sakaTolikozo sabWos anu mudmiv krebas eqvemdebareba Semdegi saqmeebi: a) zrunvasaeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa da qarTuli RvTismetyvelebis ayvavebisa da Seu-ryvnelad dacvisaTvis; b) zrunva samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi warmatebi-saTvis; g) saWiroebaTa mixedviT arsebul kanonTa farglebSi gankargulebis gamocemada droebiT, morig saeklesio krebamde, cxovrebaSi misi gatareba; d) Tvalyurisdevneba mis qveviT mdgom pirTa da dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; e) zrunva monaster-Ta, taZarTa, saqvelmoqmedo da saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTilmowyobi-saTvis; v) ganxilva da saTanado dawesebulebaTa winaSe Suamdgomlobis aRZvramonasterTa, eklesiaTa, saqvelmoqmedo da samoswavlo-saganmanaTleblo dawese-bulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; z) saTanado saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa da Tanamdebo-bis pirTa winaSe saeklesio saqmeTa gamo Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; H) zrunva sam-Rvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvelyofisaTvis; T) zrunva samsaxuriTgan gasul sam-Rvdelo pirTa, saeklesio dawesebulebaTa moxeleTa da samRvdelobis qvriv-obo-lTaTvis; i) zrunva saRmrTo da saeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTa Sedgenisa,
273saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTis moTxovnisa,samsaxuriTgan ganTavisufleba; ib) reviziis daniSvna sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa daSemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) eparqiebisa da saeklesio dawesebulebaTa xarjTaRricxvisganxilva-damtkiceba; id) saeparqio dawesebulebaTa wliuri angariSebis ganxilvada mTeli sakaTolikozoQs wliuri angariSis Sedgena perioduli krebisaTvis war-sadgenad; ie) saeklesio uZrav qonebaTa SeZena-ganTvisebis damtkiceba; iv) sab-olood garCeva apelaciis da kasaciis wesiT saeparqio sasamarTloTagan SemosulsaqmeTa; iz) nebarTva sakaTolikozos eklesiebSi nebayoflobiTi Sewirulebis saqvel-moqmedo mizniT Sekrebisa; iH) sxva avtokefalur eklesiebTan urTierTobis daWera;iT) winaswari muSaoba periodul krebis mowvevisaTvis da agreTve am krebaze gan-saxilvel sakiTxTa damuSaveba da masalebis Sekreba; k) xelmZRvaneloba kaTo-likozis arCevnebisa; ka) micema droebiTis Tavisuflebisa, erT Tveze metis vadiT,episkopozebisa, sakaTalikozo sabWos wevrebis da sabWoQs damxmare organoTagamgeTaTvis; kb) zrunva galobis aRdge na-gamSv enebisaT vis; kg) zrunva saar-qeologio naSTTa dacvisaTvis; kd) zrunva uepiskoposod darCenil eparqiaTaTvis;ke) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvis saeklesio kanoniT daniSnulia eklesiis wevrTa-gan gamoricxva da mRvdlis xarisxiTgan gankveTa; kv) saeparqio sasamarTloswevrTa da mRvdelmTavarTa danaSaulobani samsaxurSi.
$21. kaTolikozi. saWeTmpyroblad (mTavar-winamZRvrad) eklesiisa iTvlebamTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruli ad saqarTveloQs kaTo-likoz-patriarqi, romelsac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis perioduli kreba,faruli xmis micemiT.
SeniSvna: sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo ar aris. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriT, igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da unda
hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi sazogado ganaTleba da Sesaferi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba.
$22. kaTolikoz-patriarqis kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruliadsaqarTvelos saeklesio periodul da mudmiv krebas; b) mwyemsmTavrulad mimoix-ilavs sakaTolikozos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkopozebs saeparqiomarTva-gamgeobaSi; g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis dros sakaTolikozosmRvdelmTavarni da samRvdeloeba; d) igi aZlevs droebiTs Tavisuflebas episkopo-zebs, sakaTalikozo sabWos wevrebs da sabWos damxmare organoTa gamgeebs araumetes erTi Tvisa weliwadSi, xolo saeparqio marTva-gamgeobis meTaurebs or-ganoTa da sasamarTlos wevrebs ori Tvidan da mets; e) agreTve aZlevs daTxov-nis sigelebs im episkopozebs, romelnic droebiT eparqiiTgan sxvagan sadmemidian; v) iRebs saCivars episkopozTa, sakaTolikozo sabWos wevrTa, saeparqiokrebaTa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTa (sasamarTlos) Sesaxeb da aZlevs am saCivrebskanonier msvlelobas; z) saWiro SemTxvevaSi, sabWos mindobilobiT, is aZlevs
274 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
rCevas da mwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebsa da saeparqio sasamarTloQs Tavmj-domareebsa da wevrebs; H) sabWosave mindobilobiT imas miwer-mowera aqvs sxvaavtokefalur eklesiebTan da saxelmwifos umaRles dawesebulebebTan; i) moiwvevssaeklesio periodul krebas.
saeparqio marTva-gamgeoba $23. episkopozi. saeparqio mmarTvelobaSi saek-lesio kre bis funqciebis ganmasaxierebeli ari s misi wevri, - adgilobrivimRvdelmTavari, romelsac marTva-gamgeobaSi daxmarebas uwevs saeparqio kreba.
$24. saepiskopozo kandidati aRirCevis saeparqio krebis mier. saepiskopozokandidats unda hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi ganaTleba da Sesaferisi saRvTis-metyvelo momzadeba, xolo ukidures SemTxvevaSi ara umcires saSualo saRvTis-metyvelo ganaTlebisa; fizikurad da zneobrivad unda akmayofilebdes saeklesiokanonTa moTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna 1. saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris.
SeniSvna 2. saepiskopozo kandidatis arCeva xdeba Semdegi wesiT: kandidatis dasaxeleba
SeuZlia daqvrivebuli eparqiis yovelsave wevrs. eparqiis daqvrivebisagan sami Tvis gadasv-
lamdis, dasaxelebul kandidatTa sias eparqiis droebiTi mmarTveli mRvdelTmTavari warud-
gens saTanado cnobebis TandarTviT kaTolikoz-patriarqs. kandidatTa sias ixilavs mmarTvel
episkopozTa krebuli (sami unda ueWvelad daeswros piradad, xolo danarCenTagan gamoiTx-
ovebis saTanado gramata). episkopozTa krebulisagan ganxiluli sia waregzavneba eparqiis
droebiT mmarTvel episkopozs krebisaTvis gadasacemad. yvela kandidats kenWi eyreba cal-
calke. arCeulad iTvleba is, vinc yvelaze mets kenWs miiRebs, magram ara umcires delegatTa
naxevrisa, arCeul kandidats amtkicebs sakaTolikozo sabWo.
SeniSvna 3. Tu saeparqio krebam saepiskozo kandidati ar airCia, maSin mRvdelTmTavari
iniSneba sakaTolikozo sabWos mier.
$25. episkopozis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) sruli ufleba mTels eparqiaSi swav-la-moZRvrebisa; b) ufleba yovelgvaris mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva,raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmuneni saRs saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen da ganmtkicebu-liyvnen keTil zneobaSi; d) Tvalyuris devneba samonastro saeklesio qonebaTamarTva-gamgeobisa eparqiaSi; e) ganxilva saolqo krebebis ganCinebaTa; v) Tvaly-uris devneba yvela saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da saeklesio Tanamdebobis pirTamoqmedebisa eparqiaSi; z) sabolood ganxilva da gadaWra sakiTxisa axali olqebisgaxsnis an arsebul olqTa Semcirebisa, gind gayofisa da gadamijvnisa eparqiisfarglebSi; H) ufleba krebulis wevrTa adgilzed arCeul kandidatis damtkiceb-isa; T) sarwmunoebriv saqmeSi masze damokidebulni arian eparqiis yvela wevrebi;i) mis saxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli eparqiis samRvdeloeba; ia) isaZlevs droebiTs Tavisuflebas, ara umetes oris Tvisa, saeparqio dawesebulebebSimosamsaxureT da krebulis wevrTa; ib) berobisa da sasuliero wodebiTgan gan-Tavisufleba.
275saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da mTavar saek-lesio mmrTvelobis mier kanonierad gamocemul dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca amaTu im saeklesio kanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daebadeba, gansa-marteblad mTavar saeklesio mTavrobas mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqoniossamwysosTan da am mizniT xSir-xSirad mimoixilos Tavisi eparqia; g) yvelaferSidaemorCilos periodul da mudmiv saeklesio krebas; d) mTavari saeklesio mTavrobisnebadaurTvelad ara moimoqmedos ra iseTi, rac mis uflebas aRemateba; e) wirva-locvis dros kaTolikozis saxels ixseniebdes; v) sxva eparqiaSi Tavisi nebiT aradaiwyos ra; z) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs; H) saeparqio kre-baze gansaxilveli sakiTxebi winaswar gadaugzavnos saolqo krebis Tavmjdomares;T) gasces iseTi dokumentebi, romelnic morwmuneTa moqalaqeobriv mdgomareobasSeexebian; i) Seadginos wliuri angariSebi saeparqio krebisa da sakaTolikozosabWosaTvis warsadgenad.
$26. saeparqio kreba. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars marTva-gamgeobaSi daxmarebasuwevs saeparqio kreba.
$27. saeparqio kreba orgvaria, - Cveulebrivi weliwadSi erTxel, da araCveu-lebrivi, saWiroebisdagvarad.
$28. saeparqio kreba Sesdgeba TviTeuli or-oris warmomadgenlisagan, romelT-agan erTi ueWvelad samRvdelo piri unda iyves.
SeniSvna 1. delegatad arCeva SeiZleba mxolod iseTi pirisa, romelic sam ukanasknel
weliwadSi erTxel mainc ziarebula da romelsac sasamarTlos mier ar aqvs CamorTmeuli anu
SezRuduli sazogado krebaze daswrebis ufleba. samRvdeloTagan delegatad airCeva iseTi
piri, romelic weliwadSi orjer mainc ityvis aRsarebas Tavis moZRvarTan.
SeniSvna 2. warmomadgenelad ar SeiZleba arCeva mRvdlis xarisxiTgan gandgomilisa, an
gankveTilisa.
SeniSvna 3. warmomadgenels olqis krebis wevrni irCeven Tvis Soris.
SeniSvna 4. krebis ueWvelni wevrni arian saeparqio sasamarTlos wevrni da TiTo warmo-
madgenelni eparqiis berTa da monazonTa.
$29. krebas Tavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari. Tu is ar aris, krebaTviTon irCevs Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTa Soris. krebave irCevs prezidiumisdanarCen wevrebs da mdivnebs. kreba kanonieria, Tu masze gamocxadda ara umciresmowveulTa naxevrisa.
$30. saeparqio krebis uflebas Seadgens a) saeparqio sasamarTlos wevrTa damaTi kandidatebis arCeva; b) Tval-yuris devneba saeparqio cxovrebisa da saepar-qio dawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; g) zrunva saeklesio, samoswavlo da saganmanaTle-blo dawesebulebaTa daarsebisa, gaumjobesebisa da nivTier saSualebaTa gamonaxvi-saTvis eparqiaSi; d) zrunva galobis gaumjobesebisaTvis da agreTve zrunva siZ-veleTa dacvisaTvis.
SeniSvna: saepiskoposo krebis ganCineba Sedis ZalaSi, Tu mas emxroba adgilobrivi
mRvdelmTavari, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, sakiTxi gadaecema sakaTolikozo sabWos.
276 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saolqo mmarTveloba $31. olqs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobiTganagebs olqis mTavaruxucesi, romelic aRirCevis olqis krebis mier samRvdelopirTagan samis wlis vadiT, damtkiceba ki damokidebulia saeparqio mTavrobaze.
SeniSvna: mTavaruxucess hyavs TanaSemwe, Tu amas saWirod dainaxavs saolqo kreba. Ta-
naSemwe aRirCevis krebis mier imave wesiT, rogorc mTavaruxucesi.
$32. mTavaruxucesi adgens : a) saolqos wliur angariSs, romelsac warudgenssaolqo krebasa da saeparqio mTavrobas b) winaswar daamuSavebs sakiTxebs, romel-ic saolqo krebas unda waredginos gansaxilvelad; g) xelmZRvanelobas uwevss amre vlo kre be bs kre bulis w evrTa arCev ne bSi; d) i Zlev a sa Wiro cnob eb solqis daweseb ulebaTa da mosa msaxure p irTa Sesax eb, roca a mas umaRlesisaeklesio dawesebulebani moiTxoven; e) zrunavs moawesrigos krebulis wevr-Ta Soris amtydari uTanxmoebani saZmo Semosavlisa da sazogadod sameurneos aq m ee b is ga mo , a greT ve am a ve xa s iaTi s uT anx mo e ba ni kre b ulis we vrTa dasamrevlo sabWoebs Soris da sxva; v) aZlevs krebulis w evrTa Tavisuflebasara umetes oris kvirisa.
$33. saeklesio olqSi Sedis aTidan ocda xuT samrevlomde, adgilobrivispirobebis mixedviT.
$34. olqis kreba Sesdgeba olqis krebulTa yvela wevrisagan da TviTeulsamrevlo sabWos imodena warmomadgenelTagan, ramdenic wevria krebulSi.
$35. saolqo kreba kanonieria, Tu maszed gamocxadda olqis samrevloTa um-ravlesobis warmomadgenelni.
$36. krebas Tavmjdomareobs olqis mTavaruxucesi, an misi TanaSemwe.$37. saolqo kreba aris Cveulebrivi, weliwadSi erTxel da araCveulebrivi _
saWiroebisadagvarad.$38. saolqo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis a) arCeva delegatebisa saeparqio da
periodul saeklesio krebisaTvis, da mTavaruxucesisa da misi TanaSemwisa; b) zrunvasamrevloebSi saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisa da warmatebisaTvis; g) zrunvaqvriv-obol-gaWirvebulTaTvis, da sazogadod saqvelmoqmedo saqmis mowyoba olqSi;d) mTavaruxucesis angariSis ganxilva; e) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra da mosazrebaTawardgena Sesaxeb axlis samrevloebis daarsebisa, arsebul samrevloTa gayofisa daSemcirebisa; v) sasyidlis daniSvna mTavaruxucesisaTvis.
SeniSvna: saolqo krebis ganCinebani waredgineba saeparqio mTavrobas, romelzedac damok-
idebulia maTi damtkiceba.
samrevlo $39. samrevlo aris erTis sarwmunoebriv-zneobriobis mizniT,urTierTis daxmarebis azriT, saeklesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris moZRvris xelmZRv-
277saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
anelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemo Semokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damok-idebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba.
SeniSvna: samrevlo iuridiul pirs warmoadgens.
$40. samrevlos gaxsna ar SeiZleba, ukeTu morwmuneTa ricxvi imdenad mcirea,rom sakuTari taZrisa da krebulis Senaxva ar SeuZliaT. TviTeul samrevlosuWiravs gansazRvruli teritoria, romlis sazRvrebi SeiZleba Seicvalos sxvasamrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeparqio mTavrobis nebarTviT.
SeniSvna 1. qalaqebSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar
aris.
SeniSvna 2. rodesac morwmunes erTi samrevlos teritoriidan meoresaSi uxdeba gadasvla
(mag: qalaqebSi), mas SeuZlia, Tu moisurvebs, winandeli samrevlos wevrad darCes.
$41. mrevlad iTvleba yoveli morwmune, romelic gansazRvruls samrevlosekuTvnis, Setanilia samrevlo davTarSi da monawileobas iRebs yvela xarjebSi,rasac samrevlo eweva.
$42. yovel samrevlos aqvs Tavisi sakuTreba, rasac Seadgenen sxvadasxva saxelwode-bisa da daniSnulebis Tanxebi da maTi Semosavali, sanTlis mogeba, taZarSi, samrevloSian sxvagan Segrovili Semowiruloba, sasaflaos Semosavali, samrevlo da sakrebuloadgilmamuli da misi Semosavali, yovelgvari saganmanaTleblo da saqvelmoqmedoxasiaTis Semowiruloba, sakrebulo saxlebi, taZari da misi samkauli, sasaflao dasxva. am sakuTrebas samrevlo ganagebs Sesafer organoTa saSualebiT.
SeniSvna 1. samrevlos Semosavali unda moxmardes mxolod saeklesio-sarwmunoebriv saWiroe-
bas, adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavris nebarTviT.
SeniSvna 2. taZari aris morwmuneTa samlocvelo Senoba, samrevlo, saeklesio, saxelm-
wifo anu kerZo qvelmoqmedTa xarjiT agebuli. erTsa da imave samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos
zedmiwerili taZari, romelSiac, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqmneba, sruldeba
yovelgvari RvTismsaxureba.
SeniSvna 3. micvalebulTa dasamarxad samrevlos miCenili aqvs sagangebo adgili - sasa-
flao. samrevlos SeuZlia saflavebisaTvis gansazRvruli fasi daawesos, mxolod Raribebi
ufasod unda imarxeboden.
SeniSvna 4. qalaqebis sazogado sasaflaoebis marTva-gamgeoba eqvemdebareba saeparqio
mTavrobas, romelsac ekuTvnis sasaflaoebis gasyidvisagan Semosuli fulis gamgeblobac.
$43. rodesac samrevlo sabolood ixureba, misi qoneba gadadis saqarTveloseklesiis kuTvnilebad; Tu is sxva samrevlos miewera, imisi qoneba ukanaskneliskuTvnilebad iqceva; xolo rodesac samrevlos romelime nawili damoukidebelsamrevlod gamoiyofa, imas saerTo qonebidan miecema dakmayofileba ZiriTadissamrevlos gadawyvetilebisamebr.
$44. samrevlos ganagebs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobis qveSe eklesiiswinamZRvari, samrevlo krebis da samrevlo sabWos daxmarebiT.
$45. samrevlo krebas Seadgens yevla marTlmadidebeli qali da kaci (araumcires 20-is wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni rogorcwevrni samrevloQsa.
278 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$46. ufleba samrevlo krebaSi monawileobis miRebisa gadamwyvetis xmiT aqvTa) krebulis wevrT da b) yvela srulwlovan marTlmadidebel qalsa da kacs (araumcires ocis wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni, rogorcwevrni samrevloQsa, gamonaklisi aRniSnulia qvemore muxlSi.
$47. samrevlo krebaze monawileobis miRebis ufleba ar aqvT im pirT a) romelnicdaarRveven wesierebas taZarSi, agreTve samrevlo krebaze, b) romelTac ar Se-moaqvT samrevlo gadasaxadebi (Tu isini samrevlo krebis mier ganTavisuflebulniar arian, rogorc Raribebi, gadasaxadisagan), g) romelnic sams ukanasknel weli-wadSi arc erTxel ar ziarebulan, d) romelnic javrdauwerelad scxovrobenmeuRleebTan da e) romelTac samis wlisaze metis xnis Svili hyavT mounaTlavi.
$48 kreba aris Cveulebrivi _ weliwadSi orjel da araCveulebrivi _ saWiroe-bisamebr. samrevlo krebas iwvevs da Tavmjdomareobs eklesiis winamZRvari. krebaunda mowveul iqnas im SemTxvevaSic, roca amas moiTxovs ara umcires samrevloQs20-is srulwlovanis wevrisa; kreba kanonieria, ukeTu masze samrevlos mekomurTawarmomadgenelTa 2/3 mainc gamocxaddeba, xolo Tu kreba pirvel mowvevaze arSesdga, meored igi kanonieria, ramdeni wevric unda gamocxaddes.
SeniSvna: sxdomis mdivans kreba TviTon irCevs.
$49. samrevlo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) arCeva krebulisa da samrevlosabWos wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa, agreTve samrevlos molarisa (uwindeli“mnaTisa”); b) eklesiisa da krebulis SenaxvisaTvis zrunva; g) samarTalSi micemasamrevlo sabWoQs wevrebisa samsaxuris aRsrulebis dros uflebis aRmatebisa daborotmoqmedebisaTvis; d) aRZvra saqmisa saeparqio sasamarTloebis winaSe krebu-lis wevrTa Sesaxeb maTi uTanado moqmedebisa da cudi yofaqcevisaTvis; e) zrunvaeklesiis ganSvenebisa da keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva samrevlos sarwmunoebrivz-neobrivi srulyofisa da mis saganmanaTleblo-saqvelmoqmedo dawesebulebaTaTvis;z) zrunva sakrebulo saxlisa da sasaflaosaTvis; H) daniSvna sarevizio komisiiswevrebisa samrevlo sabWos moqmedebisa da angariSis gansaxilvelad; T) arsebulsamrevlos gayofis Sesaxeb Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; i) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra uZrav-moZravi qonebis SeZenisa da ganTvisebis Sesaxeb; ia) aReba iseTis sesxisa, romelnicsamrevlos Tviur Semosavals aRemateba; ib) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra taZris kapi-talurad gadakeTebis Sesaxeb, roca trapezis aSlaa saWiro.
$50. samrevlo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris samrevlo sabWo, romelicSesdgeba krebulis yvela wevrTa da ara umcires eqvsisa da ara umetes Tormetiswevrisa, romelTac irCevs samrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWosTavmjdomareobs eklesiis winamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWoTviTon irCevs Tavmjdomares Tvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel,
279saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
xolo, Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs, ufro xSiradac. saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmisumetesobiT, xolo, roca xmebi Tanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsacTavmjdomare emxroba.
SeniSvna 1. Tu samrevlo krebisa da sabWos ganCineba eklesiis winamZRvars miaCnia saqmis
sazianod, mas SeuZlia ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvanis SeCereba da misi adgilobriv mRvdelmTa-
varTan gansaCivreba, - amis Sesaxeb Tavis azri winamZRvarma unda gamosTqvas krebazedve.
SeniSvna 2. sabWos wevrad irCeva rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
SeniSvna 3. sabWos wevrad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnas samRvdelo xarisxiTgan gandgomili,
an gankveTili.
$51. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis uZrav-moZravi qonebismarTva-gamgeoba; b) yovelgvari statistikuri cnobis Sekreba, rasac ki samrevlosmarTva-gamgeobisaTvis aqvs raime mniSvneloba; g) akrefa saeklesio gadasaxadisamrevlSi da misi daniSnulebisamebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebulisSesanax saSualebaTa gasaZliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebis keTil-mowyobisaTvis; v) zrunva qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmoqmedebiswesiT; z) aRZvra saqmisa im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa da morwmuneTasarwmunoebrivs grZnobas Selaxaven; H) winaswari damuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelickrebam unda ganixilos; T) gamgeoba samrevlo sasaflaosi; i) samrevlo qonebisada Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba; ia) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri angariSis Sedge-na mTavarxucesisa da samrevlo krebisaTvis warsadgenad.
SeniSvna 1. samrevlo sabWos aucilebeli wevria samrevlos molare, romelic awarmoebs
wmida sanTlis operacias, iRebs samrevlo Tanxebs da inaxavs sakredito dawesebulebebSi,
awarmoebs Semosaval-gasavlis wignsa da adgens samrevlois Semosaval-gasavlis wliur an-
gariSs. molares irCevs samrevlo kreba sami wlis vadiT.
SeniSvna 2. samrevlos molared unda arCeul iqmnas ueWvelad mamakaci da masTanve wera-
kiTxvis mcodne.
$52. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian : mRvdeli da wignis-mkiTxveli, xolo, sadac SeiZleba, iq samrevlos diakonica (mTavari) hyavs.
SeniSvna 1. diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod Tanamsaxurni mRvdlisa da uimisod
araviTari mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesruleba ar SeuZlianT samrevloSi.
SeniSvna 2. erTsa da imave samrevloSi ori mRvdlis yofna sasurveli ar aris; magram, Tu
amas moiTxovs samrevlos sidide da aucilebeli saWiroeba, samrevlos SeuZlia Tavis winamZR-
vars TanaSemwed meore mRvdeli misces.
$53. arCevnebi krebulis wevrTa xdeba Semdegi wesiT : a) roca romelsame samrev-loSi ganTavisufldeba krebulis wevris adgili, pirni, romelTac surT daiWirones adgili, erTis Tvis ganmavlobaSi mis ganTavisuflebiTgan, wargzavnian Txovnebssaeparqio mTavrobasTan yvela saWiro mowmobaTa darTviT; b) saeparqio mTavrobahkrebs cnobebs yvela im pirTa Sesaxeb, romelTac Seitanes Txovna da aqvs msjelobawarmodgenil kandidatebze; g) mRvdelmTavris mier Rirseul kandidatebad cnobilpirTa sia, yvela cnobebis darTviT TviTeul kandidatze, waregzavneba samrevlo
280 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sabWos kenWis sayrelad samrevlo krebaze; d) samrevlo kreba moiwveva ara ugvianesoris kvirisa kandidatTa siis miRebiTgan. dro samrevlo krebis daniSvnisa ec-nobeba saolqos mTavaruxucess, romelic an piradad eswreba krebas, an wargzavnisTavis warmomadgenels; e) arCevnebi xdeba farulis xmis micemiT; g) TviTeulkandidats kenWi eyreba cal-calke; z) arCevnebis dasrulebisas sdgeba aqti, Sesaf-eri damowmebiT; H) eparqiis mRvdelmTavari amtkicebs im kandidats, romelmacmiiRo xmebis umetesoba, magram ara umcires damswreTa naxevrisa.
SeniSvna: im piris saxeli, romelic ikadrebs samrevloSi agitaciis gawevas, moxsnili
iqmneba kandidatTa siiTgan.
$54. samrevlo, romelic ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi dRiTgan kandidatTa siismiRebisa ar airCevs krebulis Tavisufal adgilze kandidats, hkargavs saarCevnouflebas, da im adgilze krebulis wevri dainiSneba saeparqio mTavrobis mier.
$55. Tu samrevlos surs, rom gaxsnil vakansiaze krebulis wevri daniSnossaeparqio sabWos mTavrobam, amis Taobaze samrevlos dadgenileba ecnobeba epar-qiis mRvdelTmTavars erTis Tvis ganmavlobaSi dRiTgan vakansiis gaxsnisa.
SeniSvna: Tu samrevlo aravin iTxova, krebulis wevri iniSneba eparqiis mRvdelTmTavris mier.
$56. mRvdeli. mRvdeli valdebulia: a) mudam Tavis mrevlSi scxovrobdes dasamrevlo ar dastovos, gansakuTrebiT roca iq raime moaruli seni gaCndeba daroca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tvalyurs adevnebdessakuTars yofaqcevas, rogorc sazogadoebaSi, ise Tavis saxlSi; g) aasrulossazogadoebrivi RvTismsaxureba dawesebul dros; d) mrevlis moTxovnilebisamebraasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; e) Tvalyuri adevnos taZrisa da saRvTismsax-uro sagnebis sisufTavesa da keTilSvenierebas; v) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSisaeklesio disciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; z) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu imsakiTxis Sesaxeb eWvi daebadeba, movalea axsna-ganmartebisaTvis mTavarxucess dasaeparqio mTavrobas mihmarTos; H) mis upirveles movaleobas Seadgens eklesiaSiqadageba da sazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; T) mRvdeli movalea RvTismsaxurebisdros kaTolikozisa da Tavisi episkopozis saxeli moixsenios; i) agreTve mov-alea krebulis sxva wevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmoos; ia) TavissamrevloSi mRvdels ufleba aqvs sxa mRvdels romlisame mRvdelmoqmedebis Ses-rulebis neba ar misces.
$57. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidati unda iyos kanoniurad srulwlovani,xolo wignismkiTxvelad SeiZleba ufro axalgazrdac airCes. fizikurad samRvde-lo da sadiakvno kandidati unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonebis moTxov-nilebas. samRvdelo kandidats unda hqondes miRebuli saSualo sazogado ga-naTleba da yovel SemTxvevaSi ara umcires sruli progimnaziuli ganaTlebisa.amave moTxovnilebas unda akmayofilebden, SeZlebisdagvarad, sadiakvno kandi-
281saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
datebi da wignismkiTxvelnic, romelTac unda icodnen RvTismsaxurebis wesebi dasaeklesio sabuTebis warmoeba, rac windawinve (arCevamde) unda iyos Semowmebuliromelsame saeparqio mTavrobisagan.
SeniSvna: wignismkviTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes mxolod mamakaci.
saeklesio samarTali $58. saqarTvelos eklesiis samarTals eqvemdebarebaama eklesiis yvela wevri iseT saqmeebSi saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, zneobrivcxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelT-aTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRvevi-sa da gasworebisa.
$59. saeklesio samarTali eparqiaSi gancalkevebulia saeklesio marTva-gam-geobisagan da Sesdgeba saeparqio sasamarTlosagan.
$60. gansakuTrebuli instituti saqmis gamomZieblisa ar arsebobs, aramedsasamarTlo TviTon irCevs gamomZiebels TviTeul SemTxvevaSi. ar arsebobs arcbralmdeblis Tanamdeboba, aramed sasamarTlos erT-erT wevrs miendoba sa-braldebo oqmis Sedgena da moxseneba; es wevri Semdeg monawileobas aRar iRebsganaCenis gamotanaSi.
SeniSvna 1. braldebuls neba aqvs sasamarTloSi damcveli (veqili) daixmaros, magram TviT
sasamarTlosTan damcvelis instituti ar arsebobs.
SeniSvna 2. mxareebi gamoiwvevian sagangebo uwyebebiT, romlebic egzavneba maT adgilo-
briv (sadac scxovroben) da unda Cabardes ara ugvianes erTis kvirisa sxdomisaTvis daniSnul
dReze. uwyebaSi naCvenebi unda iyves sasamarTlos misamarTic.
$61. saeklesio sasamarTlo daxuruli ar aris, saqmis garCevas gareSeniceswrebian. ganCinebas sasamarTlos wevrebi daadgenen Tavisi Sinaganis darwmunebisTanaxmad, mxolod mas Semdeg, roca Semowmebul iqmneba sasamarTloSi warmodgeni-li sabuTebi.
$62. yoveli saqme arsebiTad gadawydeba ors instanciaSi da mesame instanciaiqneba sakasacio. perioduli saeklesio krebis ganCinebani ki sabolovoa, Tundaciq saqme pirvelis instanciiT wydebodes.
saeparqio sasamarTlo $63. saeparqio sasamarTlo Sesdgeba xuTi wevrisa-gan, romelTac irCevs saeparqio kreba sami wlis vadiT.
SeniSvna 1. Tavmjdomare ueWvelad samRvdelo piri unda iyves; danarCen wevrTa da kandi-
datTa naxevari samRvdelo pirni unda iyvnen. Tavmjdomare aRirCevis sasamarTlos wevrTa
mier Tvis Soris.
SeniSvna 2. sasamarTlos wevrebad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnen mRvdlis xarisxiTgan gandgo-
milni, an gankveTilni da arc iseTi pirni, romelTac sasamarTlos mier SezRuduli an Cam-
orTmeuli aqvs sazogado krebaze daswrebis ufleba, an ar ziarebulan ukanaskneli samis wlis
ganmavlobaSi erTxel mainc.
SeniSvna 3. sasamarTlodan gasuli wevri SeiZleba xelmeored arCeul iqmnes. - sasamarT-
los wevrebTan erTad saeparqio kreba irCevs maT kandidatebsac.
282 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$64. saeparqio sasamarTlos eqvemdebarebian: a) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvisacsaeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia umZimesi zomebi : mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebis akrZa-lva, samsaxuridan gadayeneba; b) ganqorwinebis saqme.
$65. sasamarTlos ganCineba waredgineba eparqiis mRvdelmTavars, romelzedacdamokidebulia misi damtkiceba.
SeniSvna: saeparqio sasamarTlos ganCinebiT ukmayofiloT SeuZliaT ganasaCivron saqme
sakaTalikozo sabWoSi.
uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali $66. mudmiv krebas, anu sakaTolikozo sa-bWos SeuZlia zogierTi saqme, saboloo msjavris dasadastureblad, gamonaklisissaxed, warudginos periodul saeklesio krebas.
$67. kaTolikoz-patriarqis gasamarTleba Sedis periodul saeklesio krebiskompetenciaSi.
$68. sakaTolikozo sabWos ganCinebiT ukmayofilos SeuZlia gadaitanos kasaciiswesiT saqme periodul saeklesio krebaSi.
SeniSvna: ganqorwinebis saqmeebs sabolood swyvets mudmivi kreba - sakaTolikozo sabWo.
gadmobeWdilia wignidan _ “saqarTvelos e klesiis marTva-gamgeoba”, 1920.
283saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
patriarq wmida ambrosi xelaias gar-
dacvalebis Semdeg komunisturi xelisu-
flebis mimarT loialurad ganwyobil
samRvdeloebas saSualeba mieca ganex-
orcielebina mkveTri Semobruneba sax-
elmwifosTan damokidebulebaSi. mitro-
politma qristefore cicqiSvilma, `rev-
oluciurad~ ganwyobili frTis lider-
ma eklesias Seucvala komunistur sax-
elmwifosTan damokidebulebis kursi. jer
kidev ruseTis pirveli revoluciis
wlebSi mRvdeli qristefore cicqiSvili
moiTxovda eklesiaSi `reformis gatare-
bas da mis daaxloebas cxovrebasTan~.
magaliTad, 1905-06 wlebSi igi moiTx-
ovda ufleba miscemodaT mRvdlebs ek-
lesiis gareT etarebinaT saero tanisa-
mosi, miscemodaT qvriv mRvdlebs colis
SerTvis neba da ar yofiliyo savaldeb-
ulo kurTxevamde colis SerTva1 da sxv.
eklesiam ar miiRo aseTi reforma.
1927 wels, rogorc adre, saqarTve-
los sapatriarqo Sedgeboda 15 eparqi-
isagan: eparqiebs marTavda 9 mRvdelmTa-
vari, xolo Tavisufali iyo 6, maT Soris
kaTolikos-patriarqi qristefore iyo
imavdroulad droebiTi mmarTveli ba-
Tom-Semoqmedisa, quTaTel-genaTeli mit-
ropoliti daviTi _ Wyondidis eparqiis,
ninowmideli episkoposi efremi droebiT
marTavda cxum-afxazeTis eparqias. maT
garda eparqiebs marTavdnen: mangleli
mitropoliti _ kalistrate, urbneli
episkoposi _ simeoni, wilkneli episko-
posi _ pavle jafariZe, alaverdeli
episkoposi _ melqisedeki, bodbeli
episkoposi _ stefane, margveli episko-
saqarTvelos IV saeklesio kreba (21-27.06.1927)
posi _ varlami. yvelam amaT xeli moaw-
eres IV saeklesio krebis mier 24 iv-
niss miRebul dadgenilebas - `saqarTve-
los marTlmadideblur eklesiaSi axali
stilis kalendris SemoRebis Sesaxeb~,
romelSic kerZod naTqvamia - `vacxadeb
samRvdeloebisa da morwmune eris sayura-
dRebod: axali stilis kalendari SemoRe-
bul iqnas saqarTvelos marTlmadidebel
eklesiaSi ama 1927 wlis noembris 27-
dan (Zveli stilis 14-dan). yvela uZravi
dResaswaulebi da wmidaTa xseneba gada-
xdil iqnas axali stilis kalendriT,
anu swored im ricxv ebSi, rogorc
uCveneben saeklesio wignebi~. aRdgomisa
da masze damokidebuli moZravi dReebis
xsenebani unda darCeniliyo iseve, rogorc
iqamde dResaswaulobda marTlmadidebe-
li eklesia. kreba avalebda yvela saek-
lesio pirs SeesrulebinaT es gankar-
guleb a. IV kreb is e s dadgen ileb a
gamocemulia 1927 wlis 12 oqtombers.
aRniSnul dadgenilebas krebam safuZv-
lad daudo konstantinopolis patri-
arqis basilisa da misi wmida sinodis
1927 wlis 17 Tebervlis epistole, rom-
liTac msoflio sapatriarqo acxadebda
msoflio marTlmadidebeli eklesiis ga-
dasvlas axal stilze. 1923 wels kon-
stantinopolSi sinodikonis darbazSi
mowveul ̀ yvela marTlmadidebeli eklesi-
is~ krebis ZaliT, romlis mierac `1924
wels SemoRebul iqna Sesworebuli kal-
endari yovel-mxriv kanonikurad~. `ara-
sodes, arc erT krebas, msoflios Tu
adgilobrivs, ar miuCnevia kalendari
dogmatur da ZiriTad saeklesio kanon-
284 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ikur dadgenilebaTa xasiaTisa~. rogorc
cnobilia, mTelma eklesiam da saerTod
xalxma ar miiRo eklesiaSi axali sti-
lis kalendari.
1928 wlis saeklesio kalendarSi aris
ganmarteba, Tu ra iyo kalendaruli cv-
lilebis mizezebi - paragrafSi - `Zve-
lisa da axali stilis Sesaxeb~. miuxe-
davad amisa, rogorc iTqva, morwmune
mrevlma da mTelma eklesiam ar miiRo
aseTi kalendari.
IV saeklesio kreba muSaobas Seudga
1927 wlis 21 ivniss. sxdomebi sionSi
tardeboda da dasrulda 27 ivniss. kre-
bam ganixila saqarTvelos eklesiis mar-
Tva-gamgeobis debuleba, miiRo deklara-
cia sabWoTa xelisuflebisadmi. krebam
moiTxova eklesias gamoenaxa ̀ masTan saer-
To ena, raTa Tavidan iqnes acilebuli
yovelgvari gaugebroba~. amasTanave, krebam
saWirod miiCnia gamoZebniliyo saSuale-
bebi 1923 wlis 18 ianvris mTavrobis
dadgenilebis (`eklesiis saxelmwifodan
gamoyofies~ Sesaxeb) cxovrebaSi gasa-
tareblad. krebam airCia axali kaTa-
likoz-patriarqi uwmidesi da unetare-
si qristefore III (cicqiSvili). krebam
uaryofiTad Seafasa sakaTalikozo sab-
Wos muSaoba. miiCnia, rom misi roli
ganuzomlad iyo gazrdili, kerZod ki
mmarTvel mRvdelmTavarTa ukiTxavad
wyvetda umTavres saeklesio sakiTxebs,
daigmo misi antisabWoTa politika. Se-
sabamisad axalma debulebam asaxa kreb-
is suliskveTeba, sakaTalikozo sabWo
gauqmda da mis nacvlad SemoRebul iqna
`sakaTalikozo sinodi~, yvela mmarTve-
li mRvdelmTavris da eqvsi sxva piris
wevrobiT. krebam daamtkica eklesiis mar-
Tva-gamgeobis axali debuleba.
285saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
debulebasaqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis
debuleba
ese miRebulia da damtkicebuli sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio IV krebis mier1927 wlis, ivnisis 21-27
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofeba eparqiebad, epar-qiebi - olqebad, xolo olqebi - samrevloebad.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Semdegi eparqiebia:a) mcxeTa-tfilisisa, romlis mwyemsTmTavari aris mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa
da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi. samwyso : saqarTve-los eklesiis wm. deda qalaqi mcxeTa, tfilisi da gare kaxeTi (teritoria Zvelieparqiebis: mcxeTisa, tfilisisa, rusTavisa, kawareTisa da ninowmidisa), rasacSeicavs exlandeli mcxeTa da nawili tfilisis mazrisa. kaTedra eparqiisa arismcxeTaSi (sveticxovelSi), xolo kaTolikozis rezidencia - tfilisSi.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqis samwysos Seadgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wevrni, mcx-
ovrebni sakaTolikozos gareT iseT qveynebSi, sadac marTlmadidebeli episkopozi ar aris.
SeniSvna 2. rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi gardaicvleba, an mZime avadmyofobisa da sxva
mizezTa gamo moklebuli iqneba saSvalebas, gauwios xelmZRvaneloba saeklesio marTva-gam-
geobas, sinodi gamoiwvevs erT-erT mRvdelTmTavars, daniSnavs mas kaTolikoz-patriarqis
Tanamosaydred; mosaydreoba uqmdeba, rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi Tavis adgilzea.
SeniSvna 3. qorepiskopozi SeiZleba hyavdes mxolod kaTolikoz-patriarqs. qorepisko-
pozis kandidaturas wamoayenebs kaTolikoz-patriarqi, xolo misi wodeba damokidebulia
mRvdelT-mTavarTa krebulze, qorepiskopozi wevria sinodisa.
b) wilknisa. samwyso : orisave aragvis, qsan-lexuris xeoba, gare qarTli,saguramo da fSav-xevsureTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa wilknisa, nawili samTavi-sisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli duSeTis mazra da nawili samxreToseTis avtonomiuri olqisa. kaTedra mRvdelTmTavrisa wilkanSi, rezidenciadroebiT sveticxovelTan; pativi mRvdelTmTavrisa “wilkneli episkopozi”.
g) manglisisa. samwyso: sabaraTiano (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: manglisisada winwyarosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli tfilisis mazris dasavleTis nawili :wyneTi-TeleTis xazidan _ TeTriwyaro-manglisis xazamde. kaTedra _ manglisSi,rezidencia _ tfilisSi. pativi mwyemsT-mTavrisa - “mangleli episkoposi”.
d) agarak-walkisa, anu axtala-penteliTarisa (beStaSenis) (teritoria Zvelieparqiebisa: walkisa, dmanisisa, bolnisisa da agarakisa), rasac Seicavs exlande-li tfilisis mazris dasavleTis nawili, TeTriwyaro-manglisis xazidan. borCa-
286 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
los da lori-bambakis mazrebi. kaTedra _ axtalaSi (agaraki), rezidencia _ tfil-isSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “axtala-penteliTaris (beStaSenis) episkopozi”.
e) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: alaverd-isa, nekresisa da xarWaSenis), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Telavis mazra da yofiliTianeTis mazris nawili xarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-durZuke-Ti, miwerili Tergisa da daRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra _ alaverdSi, rezidencia _q. TelavSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “alaverdeli episkopozi” (anu abba alaverdeli).
v) bodbisa. samwyso: hereTi, rani, Saqi da wukeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqie-bisa: bodbisa, Weremisa, giSisa da xornabujisa), rasac Seicavs exlandeli mazrebida olqebi - siRnaRisa, zaqaTalisa, samurisa, nuxisa, areSisa, ganjisa da yazax-isa. kaTedra _ bodbeSi. rezidencia mRvdelmTavrisa _ q . siRnaRSi, pativimRvdelmTavris: “bodbeli episkopozi”.
z) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: urbnisis,ruisis, niqozisa, nawili samTavisisa da samTavrosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeligoris mazra, garda borjomis xeobisa, da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergismxareze. kaTedra _ urbnisSi, rezidencia _ q. gorSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi :“urbneli episkopozi”.
H) awyurisa. samwyso : samcxe-javaxeTi da zemo somxeTi (teritoria Zvelieparqiebisa: awyurisa, wurwyabisa, kumurdosi, eruSeTis, dadaSenis, wyarosTavis,anisis, karisa da alaSkertisa), rasac Seadgens exlandeli axalcixis mazra -borjomis xeobis momatebiT, axalqalaqis mazra, artaanis olqi, yarsis olqi,yaRzevanis olqi, gumbris mazra, basiani da alaSkerti. kaTedra mRvdelmTavrisa _awyverSi (droebiT zarzmaSi), rezidencia - q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi :“mawyvereli episkopozi”.
T) margveTisa. samwyso: zemo imereTi (teritoria _ nawili gaenaTis Zvelieparqiisa), - exlandeli Sorapnis mazra. kaTedra mRvdelT-mTavrisa _ argveTSi,rezidencia _ saCxereSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi : “margveli episkoposi”.
i) quTais-genaTisa. samwyso: qvemo-imereTi da okriba (teritoria Zveli epar-qiebisa: quTaisisa, xonisa da nawili gaenaTisa), rasac Seadgens exlandeli quTai-sis mazra. kaTedra _ quTaisSi, rezidencia _ iqve. mwyemsT-mTavris pativi : “qu-TaTel-genaTeli episkopozi”.
ia) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa),exlandeli raWis mazra. kaTedra _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia _ onSi. pativimRvdelmTavrisa: “nikorwmindeli episkopozi”.
ib) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),- exlandeli leCxumis mazra, kaTedra _ cagerSi. rezidencia _ iqve. pativimRvdelT-mTavrisa: “cagereli episkopozi”.
287saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
ig) Wyondidisa. samwyso: odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: Wyondidisa,caiSisa da walenjixisa), - exlandeli senakisa da zugdidis mazrebi. kaTedra _martvilSi, rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa: “Wyondideli episkopozi”.
id) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoriaZveli eparqiebis: xinowmidisa _ imave baTumis, Semoqmedisa, jumaTisa, satrapel-asi, tbeTisa, anCisa, iSxanisa da banisa), rasac Seicavs saqarTvelos respublikissamzRvrebSi _ exlandeli ozurgeTis mazra da aWaristanis avtonomiuri sabWoTarespublika, xolo osmaleTis sazRvrebSi olqebi : arTvinisa, olTisisa, TorT-omisa, kiskimisa, ispiri, rizesi, aTinasi da xofasi. kaTedra _ q. baTomSi, reziden-cia _ iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “baTomel-Semoqmedeli episkopozi”.
ie) cxum-afxazeTisasa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: drandisa _ imave cxumisa,bediisa, moqvisa da biWvinTisa), exlandeli afxazeTis sabWoTa avtonomiuri res-publika da zugdidis mazris nawili mdinare inguris dasavleTiT. kaTedra _ cxumSi(soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve. mRvdelT-mTavris pativi: “cxum-afxazeTis episkopozi”.
SeniSvna 4. mitropolitebi pativiT episkopozebze maRla dganan. mwyemsmTavarni pativde-
bul iqmnebian qirotoniis uxucesobis mixedviT.
SeniSvna 5. am siis Secvla da Sevseba sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias
ekuTvnis.
mTavari gamgeoba $3. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs saeklesio kreba, romelze-dac warmoigzavnebian warmomadgeneli TiToeuli eparqiidan oTx-oTxi; amas gardaqalaqebi warmogzavnian: tfilisi _ Tormets, quTaisi, cxumi, baTomi, foTi, gori,Telavi, siRnaRi, axalcixe, ozurgeTi, liuqsemburgi _ or-ors, cxum-afxazeTi, walkisda baTom-Semoqmedis eparqiebis berZenTa eklesiebi da rusTa _ or-ors. saeklesiokrebis wevrebad iTvlebian yvela mmarTveli mRvdelmTavarni, kaTolikoz-patri-arqis qorepiskopozi da saqarTvelos sakaTalikozo sinodis wevrebi.
SeniSvna 1. eparqiebisagan da qalaqebisagan warmogzavnil warmomadgenelTagan naxevari
aucileblad sasuliero pirni unda iyvnen.
SeniSvna 2. avadmyofobis dros mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs wargzavnos krebazed Tavisi
warmomadgeneli.
SeniSvna 3. delegatad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes mRvdlis xarisxisagan gandgomil an
gankveTili.
$4. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas Tavmjdomareobs kaTolikozi, xolo,roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre. kreba irCevs prezidiumis danarCen wevrebs damdivnebs. kreba aris perioduli sam weliwadSi erTxel, - da mudmivi sakaToliko-zo sinodis saxiT. periodul krebas iwvevs sakaTolikozo sinodi. kreba kanon-ieria, Tu mowveulTa mesamedi mainc gamocxaddeba.
SeniSvna: ara Cveulebrivi kreba moiwveva saWiroebis mixedviT.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis perioduli krebis kompetencias eqvemdebareba: a) adgilo-brivi saeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali; g) sabolood
288 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
garCeva da gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas sakaTolikozo sinodi warud-gens; d) arCeva sakaTolikozo sinodisa, anu mudmivi krebis wevrebisa da maTikandidatebisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqiebis gaxsna an arsebuleparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasuliero saswavlebelTadaarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis.
$6. mudmivi kreba, sakaTolikozo sinodi Sesdgeba yvela mmarTvel mRvdelmTa-varTagan, kaTolikos-patriarqis qorepiskopozisa da eqvsi wevrisagan. sinodiswevrebi da maTi eqvsi kandidati aRirCevian saeklesio krebis mier, rogorc del-egatTa, ise ara delegatTagan. naxevari arCeuli wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisauTuod samRvdelo pirni unda iyvnen.
SeniSvna: sinodi pasuxismgebelia saeklesio krebis winaSe.
$7. sinodis wevrni, agreTve maTi kandidatebi aRirCevian saeklesio krebis miersamis wlis vadiT da SeuZlianT xel-axala arCeul iqmnen. sinods TavmjdomareobskaTolikoz-patriarqi, xolo roca ar aris, misi mosaydre da Tu mosaydrec araris damswre uxucesi mRvdelT-mTavari. sakaTolikozo sinodis krebebze weliwad-Si orjel: didmarxvis mesame kviraSi da Semodgomaze moiwvevian yvela mRvdelmTavrebi(mmarTvelni da qorepiskopozni), romelTa TanamonawileobiT swydeba sayuradRe-bo sakiTxebi.
SeniSvna 1. aseT krebebs SeuZlianT gadasinjos sakaTolikozo sinodis Cveulebrivi Semad-
genlobis mier gadawyvetili saqmeni axali dadgenilebis gamosatanad, Tu isini gansaCivrebu-
li iqmnebian.
SeniSvna 2. mRvdelmTavris dauswreblad sakaTolikozo sinodis kreba ar xdeba.
SeniSvna 3. adgilobriv mRvdelTmTavars SeuZlia wamoiyvanos sinodis sxdo-maze saTana-
dod momzadebuli piri Tavis eparqiis saWirboroto da mniSvnelovan sakiTxebis garCevis dros
monawileobis misaRebad saTaTbiro xmiT.
SeniSvna 4. Tu raime mizezisa gamo sinodis wevrma Tavi gaaneba samsaxurs da kandidatebic
uars ityvian wevrobaze, sinodis plenums an Cveulebriv Semadgenlobas eZleva neba moiwvios
saTanadod momzadebuli piri, kooptaciis wesiT.
$8. sinodis sxdoma kanonieria, Tu mas daeswreba Tavmjdomare da tfilisSimcxovreb wevrTa naxevari.
$9. sinodSi sakiTxi ubralo xmis umetesobiT swydeba, xolo roca xmebi Tanabradiyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
$10. sabWos wevrT ara aqvT ufleba Tavi Seikavon xmis micemisagan.$11. Tu romelime wevri moisurvebs kerZo azris Setanas, movalea gamosTqvas
igi TviT sxdomazed, da ara ugvianes samis dRisa warudginos werilobiT sxdomisTavmjdomares, JurnalSi Sesatanad, anu dasarTvelad.
$12. saqmeebis ganxilvis rigs awesebs Tavmjdomare.$13. sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs sinodis yvela wevrs; am uflebis gansaxor-
cieleblad saWiroa werilobiTi gancxadebis Setana kaTolikoz-patriarqis saSu-alebiT, romelic movalea aRniSnuli gancxadeba gadasces gansaxilvelad sinodisuaxloes krebas.
289saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$14. kaTolikoz-patriarqs ar aqvs ufleba moxsnas Tavis gankargulebiT sak-iTxi rigisagan, xeli SeuSalos ganCinebis gamotanas dasmul sakiTxze, an SeaCerosganCinebis sisruleSi moyvana, Tu Tavis droze ar ganucxadebia protesti.
$14a. kaTolikoz-patriarqs, Tu dainaxavs, rom sinodis mier gamotaniliganCineba mavnebeli da sazianoa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi mxriT eklesiis keTil-dReobisaTvis, - SeuZlia ganacxados protesti da samis dRis ganmavlobaSi Seit-anos sinodSi werilobiTi winadadeba sakiTxis gadasinjvisaTvis.
$15. rodesac sinodSi irCeva saqme Tavmjdomaris anu sinodis wevris ukanonomoqmedebaTa gamo, dainteresebul pirs neba aqvs darCes darbazSi saqmis moxsenebisdros da miawodos sinods saWiro ganmarteba, magram, roca sinodi Seudgeba gan-Cinebis gamotanas, ueWvelad unda dastovos darbazi.
SeniSvna: roca saCivari exeba Tavmjdomaris (kaTolikozis) ukanono moqmedebas, sinods
Tavmjdomareobs uxucesi damswre mRvdelmTavarTagan.
$16. sinodis ganCinebas xels awers yvelaze uwin Tavmjdomare da mis Semdegyvela im sxdomaze damswre wevri, miuxedavad imisa, Tanaxma iyo igi gamotaniliganCinebisa, Tu ara.
$17. sinodis wevrTa Soris saqmeTa ganawileba da maTi warmoebis wesi xdebasinodisve ganCinebiT. Tu romelime wevri ar asrulebs Tavis movaleobas da xelsuSlis saqmis normalurad warmoebas, sakaTolikozo sinods eZleva ufleba misigadayenebisa da mis adgilze kandidatis mowvevisa. amis Sesaxeb sakaTolikozosinodi valdebulia, moaxsenos morig plenums, anu saeklesio krebas, saboloomsjavris dasadebad.
$ 18 . s a kaTolikozo si nods s a ms a xuri s m xriT e q ve m de b areb i an rogorcmRvdelmTavrebi da sasuliero pirni, agreTve saeklesio dawesebulebani da maTSimosamsaxureni, xolo sarwmunoebisa da saeklesio disciplinis mxriT yoveliwevri saqarTvelos eklesiisa. sinodis dadgenilebani savaldebuloa yvela saek-lesio dawesebulebaTa da eklesiis wevrTaTvis; amaTi Secvla SeuZlia mxolodsinods, plenums, periodul an araCveulebriv krebas. sakaTolikozo sinodi Tavi-si funqciebis aRsrulebis dros xelmZRvanelobs saRmrTo weriliT; msoflio daadgilobrivi (maT Soris saqarTvelos eklesiis) krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelm-wifoSi moqmed kanonmdeblobiT. sakaTolikozo sinods hyavs damxmare organoebi :kontroli, sameurneo gamgeoba, kancelaria da sxva.
$19. sakaTolikozo sinods anu mudmiv krebas eqvemdebareba Semdegi saqmeebi: a) zrunvasaeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa da qarTuli RvTismetyvelebis ayvavebisa da Seu-ryvnelad dacvisaTvis; b) zrunva samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi warmatebi-saTvis; g) saWiroebaTa mixedviT arsebul kanonTa farglebSi gankargulebis gamocemada droebiT, morig saeklesio krebamde, cxovrebaSi misi gatareba; d) Tvalyurisdevneba mis qvemdebare pirTa da dawesebulebebis moqmedebaTaTvis; e) zrunva taZar-
290 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
Ta, saqvelmoqmedo da sasuliero saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTilmowyo-bisaTvis; v) ganxilva da saTanado dawesebulebaTa winaSe Suamdgomlobis aRZvraeklesiaTa, saqvelmoqme-do da sasuliero samoswavlo-saganmanaTleblo dawese-bulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; z) saTanado saxelmwifo dawesebulebaTa da Tanamdebo-bis pirTa winaSe saeklesio saqmeTa gamo Suamdgomlobis aRZvra; H) zrunva sam-Rvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvelyofisaTvis; T) zrunva samsaxuridan gasul sam-Rvdelo pirTa, saeklesio dawesebulebaTa moxeleTa da samRvdelobis qvriv-obo-lTaTvis; i) zrunva saRmrTo da saeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTa Sedgenisa,Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTis Txovnisa,samsaxuriTgan ganTavisufleba; ib) reviziis daniSvna sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa daSemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) eparqiebisa da saeklesio dawesebulebaTa xarjT-aRricxvisganxilva-damtkiceba; id) saeparqio dawesebulebaTa wliuri angariSebis ganxilvada mTeli sakaTolikozoQs wliuri angariSis Sedgena perioduli krebisaTvis war-sadgenad; ie) sabolood garCeva apelaciis da kasaciis wesiT saeparqio mmarTvelo-baTagan Semosul saqmeTa; iv) nebarTva sakaTolikozos eklesiebSi nebayoflobiTiSewirulebis saqvelmoqmedo mizniT Sekrebisa; iz) sxva avtokefalur eklesiebTanurTierTobis daWera; iH) perioduli krebis mowveva da im krebaze gansaxilvelsakiTxTa winaswari damuSaveba da masalebis Sekreba; iT) xelmZRvaneloba kaTo-likozis arCevnebisa; k) micema droebiT Tavisuflebisa, erT Tveze metis vadiT,episkopozebisa, sakaTalikozo sinodis wevrebis da sinodis damxmare organoTagamgeTaTvis; ka) zrunva galobis aRdgena-gamSvenebisaTvis; kb) zrunva uepiskopo-sod darCenil eparqiaTaTvis; kg) danaSaulobani, romelTaTvis saeklesio kano-niT daniSnulia eklesiis wevrobidan gamoricxva da mRvdlis xarisxidan gankve-Ta; kd) saeparqio sabWos wevrTa da mRvdelmTavarTa danaSaulobani samsaxurSi.
$20. kaTolikozi. saWeTmpyroblad (mTavar-winamZRvrad) eklesiisa iTvlebamTavar-episkopozi mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi, romelsac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis perioduli kreba, farulixmis micemiT. arCeulad CaiTvleba is kandidati, romelic umravles amomrCev xmasmiiRebs, magram damswre amomrCevelT xmebis naxevarze mets.
SeniSvna: sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo ar aris. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriv, igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da unda
hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi sazogado ganaTleba da Sesaferi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba.
$21. kaTolikoz-patriarqis kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruliadsaqarTvelos saeklesio periodul da mudmiv krebas; b) mwyemsmTavrulad mimoix-ilavs sakaTolikozos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkoposebs saeparqiomarTva-gamgeobaSi; g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis dros sakaTolikozosmRvdelmTavrebi da samRvdeloeba; d) igi aZlevs droebiT Tavisuflebas episkopo-zebs, sakaTolikozo sinodis wevrebs da sinodis damxmare organoTa gamgeebs ara
291saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
umetes erTi Tvisa weliwadSi, xolo saeparqio marTva-gamgeobis organoTa meTau-rebs - ori TviTgan da mets; e) agreTve aZlevs daTxovnis sigelebs im episkopozebs,romelnic droebiT eparqiidan sxvagan sadme midian; v) iRebs saCivars episkopozTa,sakaTolikozo sinodis wevrTa, saeparqio krebaTa da saeparqio dawesebulebaTaSesaxeb da aZlevs am saCivrebs kanonier msvlelobas; z) saWiro SemTxvevaSi, sinodismindobilobiT, is aZlevs rCevas da mwyemsTmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebsa dasaeparqio sabWoebis wevrebs; H) sinodisve mindobilobiT imas miwer-mowera aqvssxva avtokefalur eklesiebTan da saxelmwifos umaRles dawesebulebebTan.
saeparqio marTva-gamgeoba $22. saeparqio mmarTvelovbis mTavari or-gano aris saeparqio kreba, romelzedac TviTeuli olqi gzavnis or warmomad-genels, romelTagan erTi ueWvelad samRvdeloa. kreba orgvaria Cveulebrivi,weliwadSi erTxel da ara Cveulebrivi _ saWiroebisdagvarad. krebas Tavmj-dom areobs adgilobri vi mRvdelmTa vari, rodesac mRvdelmTavari ar aris,kre ba TiTon irCe vs T avmjdomares sa mRvdelo pirTa Soris : kreba ve irCe vsprezidiumis danarCen wevrebs da mdivnebsac. kreba kanonieria, Tu masze gamocx-adda ara umcires mowveulTa mesamedisa.
SeniSvna 1. saeparqio krebas iwvevs saeparqio mmarTveloba.
SeniSvna 2. saeparqio krebis wevrebad iTvlebian saeparqio sabWos wevrebi.
SeniSvna 3. warmomadgenlad ar SeiZleba arCeva mRvdlis xarisxidan gandgomilisa, an
gankveTilisa.
$23. saeparqio krebis uflebas Seadgens: a) saeparqio sabWos wevrTa da maTikandidatebis arCeva; b) Tvalyuris devneba saeparqio cxovrebisa da saeparqiodawesebulebaTa moqmedebisa; g) arCeva delegatebisa sruliad saqarTvelos saekle-sio krebisaTvis; d) zrunva saeklesio, samoswavlo da saganmanaTleblo dawese-bulebaTa daarsebisa, gaumjobesebisa da nivTier saSualebaTa gamonaxvisaTvis epar-qiaSi; e) adgilobrivi sabWos mier SemuSavebuli wesebis da instruqciebis damtki-ceba; v) zrunva galobis gaumjobesebisaTvis.
SeniSvna: saeparqio krebis ganCineba Sedis ZalaSi, Tu mas emxroba adgilobrivi mRvdelmTa-
vari, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, sakiTxi gadaecema sakaTolikozo sinods.
$24. saeparqio krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saeparqio sabWo. sabWosTavmjdomareobs adgilobrivi mRvdelmTavari, xolo, roca igi araa, maSin sabWoswevrebi, TavianT Soris irCeven Tavmjdomares samRvdelo pirTagan; sabWo SesdgebaoTxis wevrisagan, romelTagan ori samRvdeloa. sabWos wevrebi irCevian saeparqiokrebis mier, samis wlis vadiT. amaT garda sabWos hyavs mdivani, romelsac TviTsabWo moiwvevs. sabWos wevris samsaxuri ufasoa.
$25. saeparqio sabWos kompetencias eqvemdebareba : a) sarwmunoebis da zneobisdacva-ganmtkicebisaTvis zrunva eparqiaSi; b) ganxilva im saqmeebisa, romelTacmas saolqo krebebi an saolqo sabWoebi warmoudgenen; g) Tvalyuris devneba yvela
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saeklesio dawesebulebaTa da saeklesio Tanamdebobis pirTa moqmedebisa eparqiaSi,d) ufleba kreb ulis wevrTa adgileb zed arCeul kandidatebis damtkicebis a;e) ganxilva sakiTxisa axali olqebis gaxsnisa, an arsebul olqTa Semcirebisa,gind gayofisa da gadamijvnisa, eparqiis farglebSi; v) saeparqio krebaze gansaxil-vel sakiTxTa winaswari damuSaveba; z) saeparqio wliuri angariSis Sedgena saepar-qio krebisa da sakaTolikozo sinodisaTvis warsadgenad; H) berobisa da sasuli-ero wodebidan ganTavisufleba.
SeniSvna: sabWoSi saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT, magram rodesac sabWos da
mRvdelmTavars Soris uTanxmoebaa, maSin sadavo saqme gadaecema sakaTolikozo sinods.
$26. episkopozi aris eparqiis sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi cxovrebis xelmZRv-aneli da ganagebs eparqias saeparqio sabWosTan erTad. saepiskopozo kandidatiaRirCevis faruli xmis micemiT, xeldaasxams mas kaTolikozi episkopozTa krebi-TurT. saepiskopozo kandidats unda hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi ganaTleba daSesaferisi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba, xolo ukidures SemTxvevaSi ara umciressaSualo saRvTismetyvelo ganaTlebisa; fizikurad da zneobrivad unda akmay-ofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna 1. uzenaes saeklesio mmarTvelobas, garemoebis mixedviT, SeuZlia daniSnos episko-
pozi ama Tu im eparqiaSi, ukeTu arCevnebis moxdenis normaluri pirobebi ar iqmneba.
SeniSvna 2. saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris. magram igi
ar SeiZleba iyos coliani an ganqorwinebuli.
SeniSvna 3. saepiskopozo kandidatis arCeva xdeba Semdegi wesiT: kandidatis dasaxeleba
SeuZlia daqvrivebuli eparqiis yovelsave wevrs, eparqiis daqvrivebiTgan erTi Tvis gasvlamde
kandidatTa saxelebi waredgineba saTanado cnobebis TandarTviT kaTolikoz-patriarqs. kan-
didatTa sias ixilavs mmarTvel episkopozTa krebuli (sami unda ueWvelad daeswros piradad,
xolo danarCenTagan gamoiTxovebis saTanado gramata). episkopozTa krebulisagan mowonebuli
saepiskopozo kandidatTa sia waregzavneba eparqiis droebiT mmarTvel episkopozs krebisaTvis
gadasacemad. yvela kandidats kenWi eyreba cal-calke. arCeulad iTvleba is, vinc yvelaze
mets kenWs miiRebs, magram ara umcires delegatTa naxevrisa, arCeul kandidats amtkicebs
sakaTolikozo sinodi.
$27. episkopozi aris sakaTedro taZris winamZRvari. mis kompetencias ekuTv-nis : a) sruli ufleba mTel eparqiaSi swavla-moZRvrebisa; b) ufleba yovel-gvaris mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva, raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmunenisaR saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen; d) mas aqvs ufleba moxsnas qorwinebis droszogierTi dabrkolebani, romelnic naTesavur kavSiridan gamomdinareoben; e) sar-wmunoebriv saqmeebSi masze damokidebulni arian eparqiis yvela wevrebi; d) Tval-yuris de vneba samonastro sae klesio qone baTa marTv a-gam geobi sa ep arqia Si;v) mis saxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli eparqiis s amRvdeloeba;z) is a Zlevs droeb iTs T avisuflebas , ara umete s erTis Tv isa, s aeparqiodawesebulebebSi mosamsaxureT; H) episkopozs neba aqvs Svebulebis auReblad, gan-Sordes Tavis eparqias, weliwadSi ara umetes or gzisa, sam-samis kviriT, razedacmoaxsenebs sakaTolikozo sinods.
293saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da mTavar saek-lesio mmrTvelobis mier kanonierad gamocemuls dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca amaTu im saeklesio kanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daebadeba, gansa-marteblad mTavar saeklesio mTavrobas mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqoniossamwysosTan da am mizniT xSir-xSirad mimoixilos Tavisi eparqia; g) yvelaferSidaemorCilos sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas da, roca sakaTolikozosinodi moiwvevs, aRniSnul krebaze gamocxaddes; d) mTavari saeklesio mTavrobisnebadaurTvelad ara moimoqmedos ra iseTi, rac mis uflebas aRemateba; e) wirva-locvis dros kaTolikozis saxels ixseniebdes; v) sxva eparqiaSi Tavisi nebiT aradaiwyos ra; z) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs, saeparqio sabWoebsda saeparqio krebis gadawyvetilebas; H) ufleba aqvs damnaSave mRvdels aukrZalosadministraciuli wesiT mRvdelmoqmedeba, epitemia daados ara umetes erTis Tvi-sa, anu moxsnas, da amas acnobebs saeparqio sabWos.
SeniSvna: episkopozi, Tu igi eparqiis mmarTveli ar aris, anu qorepiskoposobas ar as-
rulebs da adgilobriv saeparqio da sakaTolikozo sinodis nebarTviT asrulebs mxolod
samrevlo mRvdlis movaleobas, swiravs filonSi da panaRias, gareSe wirva-locvisa, ar atarebs;
wirva-locvaSi mis eklesiaSi moixsenieba kaTolikoz-patriarqis da adgilobriv mRvdelT-
mTavris saxelebi.
saolqo mmarTveloba $28. olqs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobiTganagebs saolqo kreba, romelSiac monawileobas iRebs olqis TviTeuli sam-revlodan or-ori warmomadgeneli, romelTagan erTi aucileblad samRvde-loa; kreba s T avm jdomareobs mTa varxucesi. saolqo kreb as iwv evs s aolqosabWo da igi kanonieria, Tu ma sze gamocxaddeba ara umcires yvela wevrTanaxevarisa. saolqo kreba aris Cveulebrivi _ weliwadSi orjel da ara Cveu-lebrivi _ saWiroebisadagvarad.
$29. saolqo krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis a) saolqo sabWos wevrTa, maTikandidatebis da mTavarxucesis arCeva sami wliT, agreTve arCeva delegatebisasaeparqio krebisaTvis; b) zrunva samrevloebSi saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisada warmatebisaTvis; g) zrunva qvriv-obol-gaWirvebulTaTvis, da sazogadod saqvel-moqmedo saqmis mowyoba olqSi; d) saolqo sabWos moqmedebis angariSis ganxilva;e) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra da mosazrebaTa wardgena Sesaxeb axlis samrevloebisdaarsebisa, arsebul samrevloTa gayofisa da Semcirebisa.
$30. saolqo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris saolqo sabWo, romelsacTavmjdomareobs mTavarxucesi. saolqo sabWo Sesdgeba samis wevrisagan, romelT-agan ori sasuliero piria.
SeniSvna: saolqo krebis arCevnebs amtkicebs saeparqio sabWo.
$31. saolqo sabWo: a) adgens saolqos wliur angariSs, romelsac warudgenssaolqo krebasa da saeparqio sabWos b) winaswar daamuSavebs sakiTxebs, romelic
294 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saolqo krebas unda waredginos gansaxilvelad; g) iwvevs saolqo krebas da xe-lmZRvanelobas uwevs samrevlo krebebs krebulis wevrTa arCevnebSi; d) iZlevasaWiro cnobebs olqis dawesebulebaTa da mosamsaxure pirTa Sesaxeb, roca amasumaRlesi saeklesio dawesebulebani moiTxoven; e) zrunavs moawesrigos krebuliswevrTa Soris amtydari uTanxmoebani saZmo Semosavlisa da sazogadod sameurneosaqmeebis gamo, agreTve amave xasiaTis uTanxmoebani krebulis wevrTa da samrevlosabWoebs Soris; v) aZlevs krebulis wevrTa Tavisuflebas ara umetes oris kvirisa.
samrevlo $32. samrevlo aris erTis sarwmunoebriv-zneobriobis mizniT,urTierTis daxmarebis azriT, saeklesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris krebulis xelmZR-vanelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemo Semokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damok-idebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba.
$33. samrevlos gaxsna ar SeiZleba, ukeTu morwmuneTa ricxvi imdenad mcirea,rom sakuTari taZrisa da krebulis Senaxva ar SeuZliaT. TviTeul samrevlosuWiravs gansazRvruli teritoria, romlis sazRvrebi SeiZleba Seicvalos sxvasamrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeklesio mTavrobis nebarTviT.
SeniSvna: qalaqebSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar aris.
$34. mrevlad iTvleba yoveli morwmune, romelic gansazRvruls samrevlosekuTvnis, Setanilia samrevlo davTarSi da monawileobas iRebs yvela xarjebSi,rasac samrevlo eweva.
$35. samrevlos qonebas Seadgens sanTlis Semosavali da taZarSi, an mrev-lSi Segrovili Semowiruloba. am qonebas samrevlo ganagebs Sesafer organ-oTa sa SualebiT.
SeniSvna: erTsa da iamve samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos zed miwerili taZari, romelSiac, Tu
saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqneba, sruldeba yovelgvari RvTismsaxureba.
$36. samrevlos ganagebs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobis qveSe samrevlokreba da mis mier arCeuli samrevlo sabWo.
$37. samrevlo krebas Seadgens yevla marTlmadidebeli qali da kaci (araumcires 18 wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni rogorcwevrni samrevloQsa.
$38. ufleba samrevlo krebaSi monawileobis miRebisa gadamwyvetis xmiT aqvTa) krebulis wevrT da b) yvela srulwlovan marTlmadidebel qalsa da kacs (araumcires 18 wlisa), romelnic am samrevlos sabuTebSi arian Cawerilni, rogorcwevrni samrevloQsa. gamonaklisi aRniSnulia qvemore muxlSi.
$39. samrevlo krebaze monawileobis miRebis ufleba ar aqvT im pirT a) romelnicdaarRveven wesierebas taZarSi, agreTve samrevlo krebaze, b) romelTac ar Se-moaqvT samrevlo gadasaxadebi Tu isini samrevlo krebis mier ganTavisuflebulniar arian, rogorc Raribebi, gadasaxadisagan.
295saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$40. kreba aris Cveulebrivi weliwadSi erTxel da ara Cveulebrivi _ saWiroe-bisamebr. samrevlo krebas iwvevs samrevlo sabWo. kreba unda mowveul iqnas imSemTxvevaSic, roca amas moiTxovs ara umcires samrevloQs 20-is srulwlovaniswevrisa; kreba kanonieria, ukeTu masze samrevlos mekomurTa warmomadgenelTanaxevari mainc gamocxaddeba, xolo Tu kreba pirvel mowvevaze ar Sesdga, meoredigi kanonieria, ramdeni wevric unda gamocxaddes.
$41. samrevlos krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis: a) arCeva krebulisa da samrevlosabWos wevrebisa da maTi kandidatebisa, agreTve samrevlos molarisa; b) eklesiisada krebulis SenaxvisaTvis zrunva; g) samarTalSi micema samrevlo sabWos wevre-bisa samsaxuris aRsrulebis dros uflebis aRmatebisa da borotmoqmedebisaTvis;d) zrunva eklesiis gamSvenierebisa da keTilmowyobisaTvis; e) zrunva samrevlossarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi srulyofisa da mis saganmanaTleblo-saqvelmoqmedodawesebulebaTaTvis; z) zrunva sakrebulo binisaTvis; z) daniSvna sareviziokomisiis wevrebisa samrevlo sabWos moqmedebisa da angariSis gansaxilvelad;H) Suamdgomlobis aRZvra taZris kapitalurad gadakeTebis Sesaxeb, roca trapezisaSlaa saWiro.
$42. samrevlo krebis aRmasrulebeli organo aris samrevlo sabWo, romelicSesdgeba krebulis yvela wevrTa da ara umcires eqvsis wevrisa, romelTac irCevssamrevlo kreba, sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomareobs eklesiiswinamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWo TviTon irCevs TavmjdomaresTvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel, xolo, Tu saWiroeba moiTx-ovs, ufro xSiradac. saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT, xolo, roca xmebiTanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upitaresobs, romelsac Tavmjdomare emxroba.
SeniSvna 1. Tu samrevlo krebisa da sabWos ganCineba eklesiis winamZRvars miaCnia eklesiis
sazianod, mas SeuZlia ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvanis SeCereba da misi adgilobriv mRvdelmTa-
varTan gansaCivreba, - amis Sesaxeb Tavis azri winamZRvarma unda gamosTqvas krebazedve.
SeniSvna 2. sabWos wevrad irCeva rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
SeniSvna 3. sabWos wevrad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnas samRvdelo xarisxiTgan gandgomili,
an gankveTili.
$43. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis qonebis marTva-gamgeoba;b) yovelgvari statistikuri cnobis Sekreba, rasac ki samrevlos marTva-gamgeo-bisaTvis aqvs raime mniSvneloba; g) akrefa keTilmneblobiTi Sewirulebisa mrev-lSi da misi daniSnulebisamebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebulis SesanaxsaSualebaTa gasaZliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebis keTilmowy-obisaTvis; v) zrunva qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmoqmedebis wesiT;z) aRZvra saqmisa im pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa da morwmuneTa sarw-munoebriv grZnobas Selaxaven; H) winaswari damuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelickrebam unda ganixilos; T) samrevlo qonebisa da Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba;i) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri angariSis Sedgena mTavarxucesisa da samrevlo krebi-
296 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saTvis warsadgenad; ia) igi avalebs erT-erT wevrs sameurneo nawilis gamgeobas,xolo erT-erT wevrs _ xazindarobas da ib) sabWos davalebiT krebulis wevrsSeuZlia orive Tanamdebobis asruleba.
SeniSvna: sameurneo nawilis gamged da xazindrad SeiZleba daniSnul iqmnas samrevlo
sabWos mier qalic.
$44. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian : mRvdeli da wignis-mkiTxveli, xolo, sadac aris, iq samrevlos diakonic (mTavari).
SeniSvna: diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod Tanamsaxurni mRvdlisa da uimisod
araviTari mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesruleba ar SeuZlianT samrevloSi.
$45. eklesiis krebulis wevrs mRvdels, diakons da wignis-mkiTxvels irCevssamrevlo kreba im pirTagan, romelTac, aqvT dasturi arCevnebze daSvebisa saolqoda saeparqio sabWoTagan. samrevlos Tu ar hyavs Tavisi kandidatebi krebuliswevrisa, mimarTavs mRvdelmTavars aseTi wevrebis daniSvnisaTvis.
$46. mRvdeli. mRvdeli valdebulia: a) mudam Tavis mrevlSi scxovrobdes dasamrevlo ar dastovos, gansakuTrebiT roca iq raime moaruli seni gaCndeba daroca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tval-yurs adevnebdessakuTars yofaqcevas, rogorc sazogadoebaSi, ise Tavis saxlSi; g) aasrulossazogadoebrivi RvTismsaxureba dawesebul dros; d) mrevlis moTxovnilebisamebraasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; v) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSi saeklesio dis-ciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; z) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu im sakiTxis SesaxebeWvi daebadeba, axsna-ganmartebisaTvis mTavarxucess da saeparqio mTavrobas mima-rTos; H) eklesiaSi qadageba da sazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; T) RvTismsaxurebisdros kaTolikozisa da Tavisi episkopozis saxeli moixsenios; i) krebulis sxvawevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmovos; ia) sxva samrevloSi mRvdelmo-qmedebis SesrulebisaTvis gamoiTxovos adgilobrivi mRvdlis nebarTva.
$47. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidats unda hqondesT sakmao sazogado ganvi-Tareba, icoden saeklesio tibikoni da kiTxva-galoba, rac windawinve unda iqmnesSemowmebuli saeparqio mTavrobis mier.
SeniSvna 1. meored jvardawerils, an qvrivze jvardawerils eris kacs neba eZleva mTavar-
diakvnobis da mRvdlobis xarisxis miRebisa.
SeniSvna 2. mRvdels neba aqvs Seasrulos RvTis msaxurebis dros diakonis samsaxuri
diakonisave SesamoselSi, xolo ipodiakons neba eZleva kvereqsis warmoTqmisa.
SeniSvna 3. wignis-mkiTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes qalic.
saeklesio samarTali $48. saqarTvelos eklesiis samarTals eqvemdebarebaama eklesiis yvela wevri iseT saqmeebSi saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, zneobrivcxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelT-aTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRvevisada gasworebisa.
$49. sakaTolikozo sinodi asrulebs uzenaes sasuliero sasamarTlo fun-qciebs. yovelive danaSauloba eklesiur-sarwmunoebriv TvalsazrisiT, romelic
297saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Seexeba morwmuneTa da samRvdelo pirTa, garda episkopozisa, irCeva saeparqiosabWos mier, saeparqio sabWos ganCinebiT ukmayofilo pirs SeuZlia ganasaCivrosaseTi ganCineba sakaTolikozo sinodSi. ukeTu saqme gadawyvetilia sakaToliko-zo sinodis Cveulebriv Semadgenlobisagan, aseTi gadawyvetileba SeiZleba gansa-Civrebul iqmnas imave sinodis gaZlierebul SemadgenlobaSi, romlis dadgenile-ba sabolovoa.
$50. saeparqio sabWos samarTals eqvemdebareba : danaSaulobani, romelTaTvisacsaeklesio kanonebiT dadgenilia zomebi : mRvdelmoqmedebis aRkveTa, samsaxuridangadayeneba, eklesiis wevrobidan gamoricxva; saeklesio epitimiis dadeba morwmu-neebze da samRvdelo pirebze; jvrisweris gauqmebis saqme.
$51. mRvdelmTavarTa Sesaxeb saCivrebs ixilavs sinodi da Rebulobs droebiTzomebs, xolo sabolovo msjavri gamoaqvs sakaTolikozo sinodis gaZlierebulSemadgenlobas (ix. $7). mRvdelmTavarTa ara kanonier moqmedebaTa gamo TviTsakaTolikozo sinodsac aqvs ufleba saqmis aRZvrisa.
gadmobeWdilia wignidan _ “debuleba saqarTvelos e klesiis marTva-gamgeobi-saTvis”, tfilisi, 1928.
298 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
1945 wlis 28 marts saqarTvelos
eklesiis wmida sinodma miiRo `debule-
ba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeo-
bisaTvis~, romelic SeTanxmebuli iyo
IV da VIII saeklesio krebaTa mier damt-
kicebul `debulebebTan~, amasTanave, igi
SeTanxmebuli iyo imJamindel sabWoTa
kavSirSi moqmed samoqalaqo kanonebTan.
am debulebaTa ZaliT mTlianad gauqme-
bul iqna ara mxolod adrindeli `saka-
Tolikozo sabWo~, romelsac imdenad
didi uflebebi gaaCnda, rom krebaTa Soris
periodSi igi xelmZRvanelobda eklesias,
aramed 1927 wels dadgenili `sakaTa-
likozo sinodic~. axali debulebis mixed-
viT, krebaTa Soris periodSi, amJamad,
ukve sruli mmarTveli iyo kaTolikoz-
patriarqi, romelTanac arsebobda `kaTa-
likoz-patriarqis Tana sinodi~. misi
wevrebi mxolod mRvdelmTavrebi iyvnen.
saqarTvelos VIII saeklesio krebis (1937 w.) saxeliT
gamocemuli `debuleba~
1937 wels VIII saeklesio krebaze
moxda wm. sinodis reorganizacia, SemoRe-
bul iqna erTpirovnuli marTva-gamgeo-
ba, sinods ewoda kaTalikosisTanaA.
1945 wlis 28 martis debulebas aqvs
rezolucia - ̀ miRebul iqnas: kaTalikoz-
patriarqi kalistrate, urbneli mitro-
politi melqisedeki, quTaTel-genaTel-
Wyondideli episkopozi efremi, wilkne-
li episkopozi tarasi, ninowmideli
episkoposi dimitri~. debulebis mixed-
viT saqarTvelos eklesiaSi iyo 15 epar-
qia, romelTagan mravali umRvdelmTavrod
iyo darCenili. eklesia da misi saWeT-
mpyrobeli debulebis mixedviT xelmZR-
vanelobda `saRmrTo weriliT, msoflio
da adgilobrivi (maT Soris saqarTve-
los) krebaTa dadgenilebebiT da sax-
elmwifoSi momqmedi kanonmdeblobiT~.
299saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
debulebasaqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisaTvis
(SeTanxmeba IV da VIII saeklesio krebaTa mier damtkicebul “debulebaTa”ssr kavSirSi momqmed samoqalaqo kanonebTan)
$1. marTva-gamgeobis mxriv saqarTvelos eklesia ganiyofeba eparqiebad, epar-qiebi - olqebad, xolo olqebi - samrevloebad.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Semdegi eparqiebia:a) mcxeTa-Tbilisisa, romlis mwyemsT-mTavari aris mTavarepiskopozi mcxeTi-
sa da Tbilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi. samwyso : saqarTve-los eklesiis wmida dedaqalaqi mcxeTa, Tbilisi da gare kaxeTi (teritoriaZveli eparqiebisa: kawareTisa, mcxeTisa, ninowmidisa, rusTavisa da Tbilisisa),rasac Seicavs exlandeli raionebi TianeTisa, mcxeTisa, sagarejosi da yaraiazisada nawili Tbilisisa. kaTedra eparqiisa aris mcxeTaSi (sveticxovelSi), xolokaTolikozis rezidencia _ TbilisSi.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqis samwysos Seadgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wevrni, mcx-
ovrebni sakaTolikozos gareT iseT qveynebSi, sadac marTlmadidebeli episkopozi ar aris.
SeniSvna 2. rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi gardaicvleba, an mZime avadmyofobisa da sxva
mizezTa gamo moklebuli iqmneba saSualebas gauwios xelmZRvaneloba saeklesio marTva-gam-
geobas, mis adgils iWers is mRvdelmTavari, mosaydris wodebiT, romlis Sesaxeb kaTolikoz-
patriarqis mdivanTan inaxeba misi uwmindesobis da unetaresobis werilobiTi gankarguleba;
mosaydreoba uqmdeba, rodesac kaTolikoz-patriarqi Tavis adgilzea. kaTolikozis gar-
dacvalebis Semdeg kreba unda iyos mowveuli ara ugvianes sami Tvisa.
SeniSvna 3. qorepiskopozi SeiZleba hyavdes mxolod kaTolikoz-patriarqs.
b) agarak-walkisa, anu axtala penteliTarisa (beStaSenis) (teritoria Zvelieparqiebisa: agarakisa, bolnisisa, dmanisisa da walkisa), rasac Seicavs raionebibaSkiCeTisa, bolnisisa, borCalosi da walkisa, da lori-bambakis mxare. kaTedra_ axtalaSi (agaraki), rezidencia _ TbilisSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa “axtala-penteliTaris (beStaSenis) episkopozi”.
g) alaverdisa. samwyso: Sida kaxeTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: alaverd-isa, nekresisa da xarWaSenisa), rasac Seicavs Telavisa da yvarlis raionebi daTianeTis raionis nawili xarWiSos ubnis mimatebiT da amaT garda didoeT-dur-ZukeTi, miwerili Tergisa da daRestnis mxareebze. kaTedra _ alaverdSi, reziden-cia _ q. TelavSi, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “alaverdeli episkopozi” (anu abbaalaverdeli).
d) awyurisa. samwyso : samcxe-javaxeTi da zemo somxeTi (teritoria Zvelieparqiebisa : alaSkertisa, anisisa, awyurisa, dadaSenisa, eruSeTisa, karisa, ku-
300 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
murdosi, wurwyabisa da wyarosTavisa), rasac Seadgens raionebi adigenisa, aspin-Zisa da axalqalaqisa, axalcixisa da bogdanovkasi, da alaSkerti, artaanis olqi,basiani, gumbris mxare, yarsis olqi da yaRzevanis olqi. kaTedra _ awyverSi,rezidencia _ q. axalcixeSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi - “mawyvereli episkopozi”.
e) baTom-Semoqmedisa. samwyso: guria, tao-klarjeTi da WaneTi (teritoriaZveli eparqiebisa: anCisa, banisa, iSxanisa, satrapelasi, tbeTisa, jumaTisa, xi-nowmidisa _ imave baTumis, Semoqmedisa), rasac Seicavs saqarTvelos respublikissazRvrebSi _ exlandeli raionebi baTomisa, maxaraZisa, qedisa, qobuleTisa, Cox-ataurisa da xulosi, xolo osmaleTis sazRvrebSi olqebi : aTinasi, arTvinisa,TorTom is a , kis kim i sa , i sp iri s a, olTi sis a , rize si , da xofa si . k aT edramRvdelmTavrisa baTomSi, rezidencia _ iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa : “baTomel-Semoqmedeli episkopozi”.
v) bodbisa. samwyso: rani, Saqi, wukeTi da hereTi (teritoria Zveli eparqie-bisa : bodbisa, giSisa, Weremisa da xornabujisa), rasac Seicavs raionebi gur-jaanisa, kaWreTisa, lagodexisa, siRnaRisa da wiTelwyarosi, da olqebi areSisa,ganjisa, zaqaTlisa, nuxisa, samurisa da yazaxisa. kaTedra _ bodbeSi. rezidencia _q. siRnaRSi, pativi mRvdelmTavris: “bodbeli episkopozi”.
z) margveTisa. samwyso: zemo imereTi (teritoria _ nawili gaenaTis Zvelieparqiisa), - exlandeli raionebi zestafonisa, orjonikiZisa, saCxerisa, Cxarisada WiaTurisa. kaTedra _ argveTSi, rezidencia _ saCxereSi. mRvdelmTavris pativi :“margveli episkoposi”.
H) manglisisa. samwyso: sabaraTiano (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: manglisi-sa da winwyarosi), rasac Seicavs exlandeli Tbilisis raionis dasavleTis naw-ili : wyneTi-TeleTis xazidan _ TeTriwyaros raioni. kaTedra _ manglisSi,rezidencia _ TbilisSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa : “mangleli episkoposi”.
T) nikorwmidisa. samwyso: raWa (teritoria nikorwmidis Zveli eparqiisa),exlandeli raionebi ambrolaurisa da onisa. kaTedra _ nikorwmidaSi, rezidencia_ onSi. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa: “nikorwmindeli episkopozi”.
i) urbnisisa. samwyso: Sida qarTli (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa : nawilisamTavisisa, niqozisa, ruisisa, samTavrosi da urbnisisa), rasac Seicavs exlan-deli raionebi borjomisa, gorisa, znaurisa, kaspisa, leningorisa, stalinir-isa, qarelisa, xaSurisa da javasi da amas garda dvaleTi, miwerili Tergismxareze. kaTedra _ urbnisSi, rezidencia _ q. gorSi. mRvdelTmTavris pativi :“urbneli episkopozi”.
ia) quTais-gaenaTisa. samwyso : qvemo-imereTi da okriba (teritoria Zvelieparqiebisa : quTaisisa, xonisa da nawili gaenaTisa), rasac Seadgens raionebivanisa, maiakovskisa (baRdaTisa), samtrediisa, tyibulisa, quTaisisa, wulukiZisa
301saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
(xonisa) da wyaltubosi. kaTedra _ quTaisSi, rezidencia _ iqve. mwyemsmTavrispativi: “quTaTel-genaTeli episkopozi”.
ib) cagerisa. samwyso: leCxum-svaneTi (teritoria _ cageris Zveli eparqiisa),- exlandeli raionebi zemo svaneTisa, qvemo svaneTisa da cagerisa. kaTedra _cagerSi, rezidencia _ iqve. pativi mRvdelmTavrisa : “cagereli episkopozi”.
ig) cxum-afxazeTisasa (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: drandisa _ imave cxumisa,bediisa, biWvinTisa da moqvisa), exlandeli afxazeTis sabWoTa avtonomiuri re-spublikis raionebi gagrisa, galisa, gudauTisa, gulripSisa, oCamCiresi, qluxorisada cxumisa da zugdidis raionis nawili mdinare inguris dasavleTiT. kaTedra _ cxumSi(soxumSi), rezidencia _ iqve, mRvdelTmTavris pativi : “cxum-afxazeTis episkopozi”.
id) wilknisa. samwyso : orisave aragvis, qsan-lexuris xeoba, gare qarTli,saguramo da fSav-xevsureTi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa samTavrosi, nawilisamTavisisa da wilknisa), rasac Seicavs raionebi duSeTisa da yazbegisa da nawilisamxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqisa. kaTedra _ wilkanSi, rezidencia _ (droe-biT) sveticxovelTan, pativi mRvdelmTavrisa : “wilkneli episkopozi”.
ie) Wyondidisa. samwyso: odiSi (teritoria Zveli eparqiebisa: caiSisa, walen-jixisa da Wyondidisa), exlandeli raionebi abaSisa, gegeWkorisa, zugdidisa, fo-Tisa, CxorowyuQsa, cxakaiasi, walenjixisa da xobisa. kaTedra _ martvilSi,rezidencia _ q. foTSi. pativi mwyemsmTavrisa : “Wyondideli episkopozi”.
SeniSvna: am siis Secvla da Sevseba sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias ekuTvnis.
mTavari gamgeoba $3. saqarTvelos eklesias ganagebs saeklesio kreba, romelicSesdgeba mmarTvel mRvdelmTavrebisa da kaTolikoz-patriarqis qorepiskopozis-agan; mRvdelmTavarTa mier momqmed eparqiebidan mowveul TiTo sasuliero dasaero pirTagan da mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqiidan imden sasuliero da saero warmo-madgenelTagan, ramdenic gamowveul iqmneba danarCen eparqiebidan.
SeniSvna 1. avadmyofobis dros mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs wargzavnos krebazed Tavisi
warmomadgeneli sasuliero piri.
SeniSvna 2. moqmed eparqiad iTvleba, sadac msaxurobs ori mRvdeli mainc.
SeniSvna 3. delegatad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes mRvdlis xarisxisagan gandgomili an
gankveTili.
$4. sruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas iwvevs da Tavmjdomareobs kaTo-likozi, xolo, roca igi ar aris, misi mosaydre. kreba irCevs prezidiumisdanarCen wevrebs da mdivnebs. kreba moiwveva saWiroebis mixedviT, mTavrobis nebar-TviT. kreba kanonieria, Tu mowveulTa naxevarze meti gamocxaddeba.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis krebis kompetencias eqvemdebareba : a) adgilobrivisaeklesio kanonmdebloba; b) uzenaesi saeklesio samarTali; g) sabolood garCevada gadawyveta im saqmeebisa, romelTac mas kaTolikozi an misi mosaydre warud-
302 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
gens; d) arCeva kaTolikozisa; e) Zveli kaTedrebis aRdgena, axali eparqiebisgaxsna an arsebul eparqiaTa daxurva da sazRvrebis gamijvna; v) zrunva sasulierosaswavlebelTa daarsebisa da nivTierad uzrunvelyofisaTvis.
$6. kaTolikozi. saWeTmpyroblad (mTavar winamZRvrad) eklesiisa iTvlebamTavarepiskopozi mcxeTisa da tfilisisa da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqi, romelsac irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis kreba, faruli xmis micemiT.arCeulad CaiTvleba kandidati, romelic umravles amomrCev xmas miiRebs, magramdamswre amomrCevelT xmebis naxevarze mets.
SeniSvna 1. kaTolikoz-patriarqi pasuxismgebelia mxolod krebis winaSe.
SeniSvna 2. sakaTolikozo kandidatisaTvis berobis miReba savaldebulo ar aris. fizikurisa
da zneobrivis mxriv igi unda akmayofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas da sasurvelia
hqondes miRebuli umaRlesi sazogado ganaTleba da Sesaferi saRvTismetyvelo momzadeba.
$7. sakrebaTaSoriso periodSi sruliad saqarTvelos eklesiis uzenaes ufleba-Ta ganmaxorcielebelia kaTolikoz-patriarqi.
$8. kaTolikoz-patriarqi Tavis movaleobaTa aRsrulebis dros xelmZRv-anelobs saRmrTo weriliT, msoflio da adgilobriv (maT Soris saqarTveloseklesiis) krebaTa dadgenilebiT da saxelmwifoSi momqmedi kanonmdeblobiT.
$9. kaTolikoz-patriarqis kompetencia aseTia: a) is Tavmjdomareobs sruli-ad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas; b) mwyemsmTavrulad mimoixilavs sakaToliko-zos eparqiebs da xelmZRvanelobas uwevs episkoposebs saeparqio marTva-gamgeobaSi;g) mis saxels ixsenieben wirva-locvis dros sakaTolikozos mRvdelmTavrebi dasamRvdeloeba; d) zrunva saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, qarTuli RvTismetyvelebisayvavebisa da Seuryvnelad dacvisaTvis; e) zrunavs samwysoTa sarwmunoebriv-zneo-brivi warmatebisaTvis; v) zrunavs taZarTa, saqvelmoqmedo da sasuliero sagan-manaTleblo dawesebulebaTa keTilmowyobisaTvis; z) Suamdgomlobs saTanado dawese-bulebaTa winaSe saqvelmoqmedo da sasuliero samoswavlo saganmanaTleblo dawese-bulebaTa daarsebis Sesaxeb; H) zrunavs samRvdeloebis qonebrivad uzrunvelyofi-saTvis; T) zrunavs samsaxuridan gasul samRvdelo pirTa, saeklesio dawesebule-baTa moxeleTa da samRvdeloebis qvriv-obolTaTvis; i) zrunavs saRmrTo dasaeklesio-saRvTismsaxuro wignTa Sesworebisa da gamocemisaTvis; ia) anTavisu-flebs mRvdelmTavarTa, Tanaxmad maTis Txovnisa, samsaxuridan; ib) niSnavs revi-zias sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa da SemTxvevaTa gamo; ig) ganixilavs saeparqio dasakaTolikozos wliur angariSebs; id) zrunavs krebaze gansaxilvel sakiTxTa da-muSavebisa da masalebis SekrebisaTvis; ie) zrunavs galobis aRdgena-gamSvenebi-saTvis; iv) zrunavs uepiskopozod darCenil eparqiaTaTvis; iz) aZlevs droebiTTavisuflebas episkopozebs da daTxovnis sigelebs im episkopozebs, romelnicdroebiT eparqiidan sxvagan sadme midian; iH) iRebs saCivrebs episkopozTa Sesaxebda aZlevs am saCivrebs kanonier msvlelobas; iT) saWiro SemTxvevaSi, aZlevs rCevas
303saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
da mwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnas episkopozebs; k) miwer-mowera aqvs sxva avtokefalureklesiebTan da saxelmwifo umaRles dawesebulebebTan.
$10. kaTolikozs yvanan TanamSromlebi : rwmunebuli (samoqalaqo dawesebule-bebTan urTierTobisaTvis), mdivani da sameurneo nawilis gamge.
$11. kaTolikoz-patriarqis da eparqiaTa mRvdelmTavrebis Sesanaxi xarjebiunda gaRebul iqmnas winandeburad : mRvdelmTavarTaTvis samrevloebidan, xolokaTolikoz-patriarqisaTvis sameurneo gamgeobis Tanxidan.
SeniSvna: sameurneo gamgeobis Tanxa Sedgeba: kaTolikoz-patriarqis eparqiebis eklesieb-
isa da zedmiweril mRvdelTa Semosavlis, da mRvdelmTavarTa saeparqio Semosavlis gan-
sazRvrul %-dan.
sinodi $12. kaTolikoz-patriarqTan arsebobs saeklesio sinodi, romliswe vrebad iTvleb ian m marTveli mRvdelmTavre bi da kaTolikoz- patriarq isqorepiskopozi.
$13. kaTolikoz-patriarqi, mociqulTa 34-e kanonis Tanaxmad, saWiroebismixedviT iwvevs kaTolikoz-patriarqis TanaQ saeklesio sinods da mimarTavssamwysos saxelmZRvanelo epistoleebiT.
$14. kaTolikoz-patriarqi uflebamosilia miuboZos mRvdelmTavarT sapatiotitulebi da jildoebi.
SeniSvna: kaTolikos-patriarqs, mRvdelmTavrebs da eklesiebis winamZRvrebs aqvT Tqvi-
farebi da beWdebi saTanado mTavrobis mier registrirebuli.
$15. sinodis sxdoma kanonieria, Tu mas daeswreba Tavmjdomare da mowveulwevrTa naxevari.
$16. sinodis wevrT ar aqvT ufleba Tavi Seikavon xmis micemisagan.$17. Tu romelime wevri moisurvebs kerZo azris Setanas, movalea gamosTqvas
igi sxdomazed da ara ugvianes sami dRisa warudginos werilobiT sxdomis Tavmj-domares, JurnalSi Sesatanad, an dasarTvelad.
$18. saqmeebis ganxilvis rigs awesebs Tavmjdomare.$19. sakiTxis aRZvris ufleba aqvs sinodis yvela wevrs, am uflebis gansaxor-
cieleblad saWiroa werilobiTi gancxadebis Setana kaTolikoz-patriarqis anmisi mosaydris saSvalebiT, romelic movalea aRniSnuli gancxadeba gadascesgansaxilvelad sinodis uaxloes krebas.
$20. rodesac sinodSi irCeva saqme sinodis wevris ukanono moqmedebaTa gamo,dainteresebul pirs neba aqvs darCes darbazSi saqmis moxsenebis dros da miawodossinods saWiro ganmarteba, magram, rodesac sinodi Seudgeba ganCinebis gamotanas,ueWvelad unda dastovos darbazi.
$21. sinodis ganCinebas xels awers yvelaze uwin Tavmjdomare da mas ukanyvela im sxdomaze damswre wevri, miuxedavad imisa, Tanaxmad iyo igi gamotanilganCinebisa Tu ara.
304 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$22. sakaTolikozoSi arsebuli monastrebi xelmZRvaneloben kaTolikoz-pa-triarqis mier damtkicebul wesdebiT.
saeparqio marTva-gamgeoba $23. episkopozi. eparqiaSi kaTolikoz-patri-arqis TanaSemwe da sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi cxovrebis xelmZRvaneli aris episko-pozi. fizikurad, zneobrivad da gonebrivad saepiskopozo kandidati unda akmay-ofilebdes saeklesio kanonTa moTxovnilebas.
SeniSvna 1. saepiskopozo kandidatisaTvis berad Sedgoma savaldebulo ar aris. magram
igi ar SeiZleba iyos coliani.
SeniSvna 2. mitropolitebi pativiT episkoposebze maRla dganan; mwyemsmTavarni pativde-
bul iqmnebian qirotoniis uxucesobis mixedviT.
SeniSvna 3. mRvdelmTavars hyavs mdivani, romelic xazinadrobasac asrulebs.
$24. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars da qorepiskopozs niSnavs kaTolikoz-patriarqi impirTagan, romelTa saepiskopozo kandidatura mowonebulia mRvdelmTavarTa mier.
$25. episkopozi (mitropoliti) aris sakaTedro taZris winamZRvari. miskompetencias ekuTvnis: a) sruli ufleba mTel eparqiaSi moZRvrebisa; b) uflebayovelgvar mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesrulebisa; g) zrunva, raTa mis eparqiaSi morwmu-neni saR saeklesio swavlebas icavdnen; d) mas aqvs ufleba axsnas qorwinebis droszogierTi dabrkolebani, romelnic naTesavur kavSiridan gamomdinareoben; e) sarw-munoebriv saqmeebSi masze damokidebulni arian eparqiis yvela wevrebi; v) missaxels aRavlens wirva-locvis dros mTeli eparqiis samRvdeloeba; z)episkopozsufleba aqvs damnaSave mRvdels mRvdelmoqmedeba aukrZalos, epitemia daados, anumoxsnas, da saWiroebis mixedviT Tavis eparqiisaTvis gamosces werilobiTi gan-karguleba ni.
episkopozi valdebulia: a) daemorCilos saeklesio kanonebsa da kaTolikoz-patriarqis mier gamocemul dadgenilebaTa, xolo roca ama Tu im saeklesiokanonisa an dadgenilebis Sesaxeb gaugebroba rame daebadeba, gansamarteblad kaTo-likoz-patriarqs mihmarTos; b) cxoveli kavSiri iqonios samwysosTan da ammizniT xSir-xSirad mimoixilos Tavisi eparqia; g) yvelaferSi daemorCilossruliad saqarTvelos saeklesio krebas; d) sxva eparqiaSi Tavisi nebiT aradaiwyos ra; e) pativiscemiT epyrobodes sxva mRvdelmTavrebs.
$26. eparqiis eklesiaTa saWiroebaTa dasakmayofileblad sanTliT, sakmeveliT,SesamoseliT, jvrebiT, gvirgvinakebiT da sxva nivTebiT mRvdelmTavars SeuZliangamoiTxovos saTanado xelisuflebisagan nebarTva xsenebul nivTebis damamzadebelsaxelosnos gaxsnisaTvis.
saolqo mmarTveloba $27. olqs saeparqio mTavrobis xelmZRvanelobiTganagebs mTavarxucesi, romelsac niSnavs eparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
305saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$28. mTavarxucesi: a) zrunavs samrevloebSi saeklesio cxovrebis mowesrigebisada warmatebisaTvis; b) qvriv-obol-gaWirvebulTaTvis; g) zrunavs moawesrigoskrebulis wevrTa Soris amtydari uTanxmoebani da d) aZlevs krebulis wevrTTavisuflebas ara umetes ori kvirisa.
samrevlo $29. samrevlo aris erTis sarwmunoebriv-zneobrivi mizniT, saek-lesio meurneobiT, sakuTaris krebulis xelmZRvanelobiT, saerTo taZris garSemoSemokrebili da episkopozze kanoniurad damokidebuli morwmuneTa sazogadoeba,romelic gatarebulia registraciaSi saTanado samoqalaqo xelisuflebis mier,Tanaxmad morwmuneTagan eparqiis mRvdelmTavris meSveobiT Setanil gancxadebisa.gancxadebas xels unda awerdnen ara umcires 20 srulwlovan morwmunisa.
$30. registraciaSi gatarebis Semdeg samrevlo Rebulobs saTanado xelisu-flebisagan gansakuTrebul xelSekrulebiT uvado da ufaso sargeblobisaTvis taZ-ars an samlocvelo Senobas da RvTismsaxurebisaTvis saWiro sagnebs, da movaleadaicvas misdami gadacemuli qoneba xelSekrulebis Tanaxmad.
$31. samrevlos gaxsna ar SeiZleba, ukeTu morwmuneTa ricxvi imdenad mcirea,rom s akuTari taZrisa da krebuli s Senaxv a ar SeuZliaT; Tu registraciaSigatarebulma samrevlom da mRvdelmsaxurebma mxvedri gadasaxadi ar (an ver)Seitanes. samrevlo, ssr kavSiris saxkomsabWosTan arsebul marTlmadidebel ek-lesiis sabWos rwmunebulTan SeTanxmebiT, ixureba da mRvdels ekrZaleba RvTism-saxurebis Sesruleba.
$32 TviTeul samrevlos uWiravs gansazRvruli teritoria, romlis sazRvrebiSeiZleba Seicvalos sxva samrevloebTan SeTanxmebiT da saTanado saeklesio dasamoqalaqo mTavrobis nebarTviT.
SeniSvna 1. qalaqSi samrevloTaTvis teritoriuli principis dacva savaldebulo ar aris.
SeniSvna 2. erTsa da imave samrevloSi SeiZleba iyos zedmiwerili taZari, romelSiac, Tu
saWiroeba moiTxovs da mosaxerxebelic iqmneba, sruldeba yovelgvari RvTismsaxureba.
$33. samrevlos ganagebs saeparqio mTavrobis zedamxedvelobis qveSe samrevlosabWo, romelic Sesdgeba krebulis yvela wevrTa da ara umcires samis wevrisa,romelTac irCevs samrevlo kreba, sami wlis vadiT. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomar-eobs eklesiis winamZRvari, xolo roca igi ar aris, maSin sabWo TviTon irCevsTavmjdomares Tvis Soris. sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba TveSi erTxel, xolo, TusaWiroeba moiTxovs, ufro xSiradac. saqmeebi swydeba ubralo xmis umetesobiT,xolo, roca xmebi Tanabrad iyofa, maSin is azri upiratesobs, romelsac Tavmj-domare emxroba.
SeniSvna 1. Tu samrevlo krebisa da sabWos ganCineba eklesiis winamZRvars miaCnia eklesiis
sazianod, mas SeuZlia ganCinebis sisruleSi moyvanis SeCereba da misi adgilobriv mRvdelmTa-
varTan gansaCivreba, - amis Sesaxeb Tavis azri winamZRvarma unda gamosTqvas krebazedve.
SeniSvna 2. sabWos wevrad irCeva rogorc mamakaci, ise dedakaci.
306 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
SeniSvna 3. sabWos wevrad ar SeiZleba arCeul iqmnas samRvdelo xarisxiTgan gandgomili,
an gankveTili.
$34. samrevlo sabWos kompetencia aris: a) eklesiis qonebis marTva-gamgeoba;b) misdami gacemul qonebis movla-patronoba da samoqalaqo mTavrobis winaSepasuxismgebloba; g) miReba keTilmneblobiTi Sewirulebisa da misi daniSnulebi-samebr moxmareba; d) zrunva eklesiisa da krebulis Sesanax saSualebaTa gasa-Zliereblad; e) zrunva taZrisa da RvTismsaxurebis keTilmowyobisaTvis; v) zrun-va qvriv-obolTa da gaWirvebulTaTvis qvelmoqmedebis wesiT; z) aRZvra saqmisaim pirTa winaaRmdeg, romelnic eklesiasa da mis qonebas zians miayeneben; epar-qialuri mTavrobis mier gamoZiebis moxdenis Semdeg damnaSave, mRvdelmTavris ssrkavSiris saxkomsabWosTan arsebul marTlmadidebel eklesiis sabWos rwmunebulTanSeTanxmebiT, moixsneba adgilidan da mis magier arCeul iqneba sxva piri; H) winaswaridamuSaveba im sakiTxebisa, romelic samrevlo krebam unda ganixilos; T) samrevloqonebisa da Tanxebis yovelTviuri Semowmeba; i) Tavisi moqmedebis wliuri anga-riSis Sedgena mTavarxucesisa da samrevlo krebisaTvis warsadgenad; ia) igi avalebserT-erT wevrs sameurneo nawilis gamgeobas, xolo erT-erT wevrs _ xazindarobasda ib) sabWos davalebiT krebulis wevrs SeuZlia orive Tanamdebobis asruleba.
SeniSvna 1. sameurneo nawilis gamged da xazinadrad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes qalic.
SeniSvna 2. samrevlo krebis mier sami kacisagan arCeul sarevizio komisias evaleba kvartal-
Si erTxel gaukeTos revizia samrevlo qonebas.
$35. krebuli. krebulis aucilebel wevrad iTvlebian: mRvdeli da wignis-mkiTxveli, xolo, sadac SesaZlebelia - samrevlos diakonic (mTavari).
SeniSvna: diakoni da wignis-mkiTxveli arian mxolod Tanamsaxurni mRvdlisa da uimisod
araviTari mRvdelmoqmedebis Sesruleba ar SeuZlianT.
$36. eklesiis krebulis wevrs mRvdels, diakons da wignis mkiTxvels niSnavseparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
$37. mRvdeli. mRvdeli valdebulia: a) mudam Tavis samrevloSi scxovrobdesda samrevlo ar dastovos, gansakuTrebiT roca iq raime moaruli seni gaCndeba daroca samrevlos gansacdeli ram moelis; b) gansakuTrebul Tval-yurs adevnebdessakuTars yofaqcevas, rogorc sazogadoebaSi, ise Tavis saxlSi; g) aasrulossazogadoebrivi RvTismsaxureba dawesebul dros, sofelSi ki iseT saaTebSi, romelicar SeuSlis xels sasoflo sameurneo muSaobaTa warmoebas; d) mrevlis moTxov-nilebisamebr aasrulos saWiro mRvdelmoqmedeba; e) Tvalyuri adevnos mrevlSisaeklesio disciplinisa da zneobis dacvas; v) roca samsaxuris dros ama Tu imsakiTxis Sesaxeb eWvi daebadeba, movalea axsna-ganmartebisaTvis mTavarxucess dasaeparqio mTavrobas mimarTos; z) mis upirveles movaleobas Seadgens eklesiaSiqadageba da sazogadod swavla-moZRvreba; H) mRvdeli movalea krebulis sxvawevrTa saSualebiT saeklesio sabuTebi awarmoos.
307saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$38. samRvdelo da sadiakvno kandidatebs unda hqondesT sakmao sazogadoganviTareba, icoden saeklesio tibikoni da kiTxva-galoba, rac windawinve undaiqmnes Semowmebuli saeparqio mTavrobis mier.
SeniSvna 1. mRvdels neba aqvs Seasrulos RvTismsaxurebis dros diakonis samsaxuri dia-
konisave SesamoselSi, xolo ipodiakons neba eZleva kvereqsis warmoTqmisa.
SeniSvna 2. wignis-mkviTxvelad SeiZleba arCeul iqmnes qalic.
saeklesio samarTali $39. saqarTvelos eklesiis samarTals eqvemdebarebaama eklesiis yvela wevri iseT saqmeebSi saeklesio swavla-moZRvrebisa, zneobrivcxovrebisa, saeklesio wyobilebisa da saeklesio samsaxuris winaaRmdeg, romelT-aTvisac saeklesio kanoniT dadgenilia gansazRvruli sasjeli anu zomebi zRvevi-sa da gasworebisa; mRvdelmoqmedebis aRkveTa, samsaxuridan gadayeneba, eklesiiswevrobidan garicxva, saeklesio epitimiis dadeba morwmuneebze da samRvdelopirebze; jvris weris gauqmebis saqme.
$49. kaTolikozi asrulebs uzenaes sasuliero sasamarTlo funqciebs sakre-baTaSoriso periodSi. yovelive danaSauloba eklesiur-sarwmunoebriv Tval-sazrisiT, romelic Seexeba morwmuneTa da samRvdelo pirTa, eqvemdebareba mas.
$51. mRvdelmTavarTa Sesaxeb saCivrebs ixilavs da maT Sesaxeb sabolovo msjavrigamoaqvs kaTolikozisTanaQ saeklesio sinods. mRvdelmTavarTa arakanonier mo-qmedebaTa gamo TviT kaTolikozisTanaQ sinodsac aqvs ufleba saqmis aRZvrisa.
gadmobeWdilia wignidan - “debuleba saqarTvelos e klesiis marTva-gamgeobi-saTvis”, 1945 w.
308 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
saqarTvelos eklesiis XIII gafarToebuli kreba (18-19.09.1995)
1995 wlis 18-19 seqtembers svet-
icxovlis taZarSi Sedga saqarTvelos
eklesiis gafarToebuli kreba.
krebam 19 seqtembers ganixila da
daamtkica debulebis proeqti. wina dRiT
kreba gaxsna da Sesavali sityva warmo-
Tqva sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos-
patriarqma, uwmidesma da unetaresma ilia
II-m. eparqiaTa mmarTvelma mRvdelmTavreb-
ma krebas movaxseneT eparqiaTa mdgomar-
eobis Sesaxeb, dRis wesrigi ganisazRvra
ramdenime sakiTxiT, romelnic Seexebodnen
sasuliero ganaTlebis mdgomareobas da
misi gaumjobesebis gzebs, sapatriarqos
misionerul programas, axali wmidaneb-
is kanonizirebas. krebam Tavisi gan-
sakuTrebuli yuradReba miapyro momaval
RvTismsaxurTa ganaTlebis sakiTxsa da
axali debulebis SemoRebis saWiroebas.
debulebis proeqti krebaze warmoadgina
Tbilisis sasuliero akademiis proreq-
torma. krebam wmidanTa dasSi Seracxa
wmida patriarqi aRmsarebeli ambrosi
xelaia, wmida mowameni mitropoliti
nazari krebuliTurT (mRvdlebi germane
jajaniZe, ieroTeoz nikolaZe, simon mW-
edliZe, diakoni besarion kuxianiZe),
wmida mRvdelmTavrebi gabriel qiqoZe,
aleqsandre oqropiriZe, wmida mRvdel-
mowame grigol feraZe, Rirsi mama aleq-
si SuSania.
krebam gazarda eparqiaTa ricxvi
15-is nacvlad Seiqmna 27 eparqia. ek-
lesiis mowyobis safuZvlad gamocxade-
bulia wmida werili da saRmrTo gad-
mocema, wmida mociqulTa, msoflio, adg-
ilobriv da wmida mamaTa kanonebi da
wesdebebi. saqarTvelos eklesiis adgi-
lobriv krebaTa dadgenilebani (krebis
mier gamocemuli debuleba), saqarTve-
los konstitucia da Sesabamisi kanone-
bi. saeklesio xelisuflebisa da mmarTve-
lobis umaRles organod gamocxadebu-
lia `adgilobrivi saeklesio kreba –
saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi,
xolo krebebs Soris periodSi umaRle-
si saeklesio xelisufali da mmarTveli
aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-
patriarqi~. wmida sinodis erT-erT mov-
aleobas me-2 Tavis me-20 muxlis Tanax-
mad, warmoadgens `saeklesio kanonebis
krebulis~ gamocema. am mxriv qvemdebare
naSromi warmoadgens am muxlis aRsas-
ruleblad Sesrulebul samuSaos.
309saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebelieklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba
(miRebulia saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gafarToebuli adgilo-brivi krebis mier 1995 wlis 18-19 seqtembers, mcxeTa, sveticxoveli)
Tavi I. zogadi debulebani $1. saqarTvelos sapatriarqo - saqarTvelosmarTlmadidebeli eklesi a aris mravalerova ni adgilobri vi avtokefaluri(damoukidebeli) marTlmadidebeli eklesia, romlis did umravlesobas qarTvelimosaxleoba Seadgens. igi imyofeba dogmatur-sarwmunoebriv-liturgikul er-Tianobasa da locviT-kanonikur urTierTobaSi yvela sxva adgilobriv avtoke-falur marTlmadidebel eklesiebTan.
$2. saqarTvelos adgilobirivi avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis(Semdgom - saqarTvelos eklesiis) iurisdiqciaSi Sedian:
1. saqarTveloSi mcxovrebi yvela marTlmadidebeli qristiani.2 . s a q arTv elo s s a zRv re b s g a re T m cx o vr e b i i s m a rTlm a di d e b eli
qarTveleb i, romleb zedac ar vrcelde ba sx va adgilobrivi m arTlm adide-b eli e klesi i s i uri sdiqcia .
3. somxeTis respublikaSi mcxovrebi marTlmadidebeli qristianebi.4. saqarTvelos sazRvrebs gareT mcxovrebi is marTlmadidebeli qristianebi,
romlebic ar Sedian sxva adgilobrivi marTlmadidebeli eklesiebis iurisdiqcia-Si da aqvT survili iyvnen saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiisiurisdiqciaSi.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesia iyofa eparqiebad, samTavarxucesoebad da samrevloebad.$4. saqarTvelos eklesiaSi Sedis 27 (ocdaSvidi) eparqia maTSi Semavali qalaqe-
biTa da raionebiT:1. mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqia - q. Tbilisi Tavis raionebiT, q. mcxeTa, mcxeTi-
sa da gardabnis raionebi. sof. wilknis, muxranisa da saguramos gamoklebiT.kaTedra da rezidencia _ mcxeTasa da TbilisSi;
2. alaverdis eparqia - q. Telavi, q. axmeta, Telavisa da axmetis raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episkoposi abba alaverdeli”. kaTedra _ alaverdSi,rezidencia _ TelavSi.
3. axalcixis eparqia - q. axalcixe, axalcixis, aspinZisa da adigenis raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi axalcixeli”. kaTedra da rezidencia _ ax-alcixesa da safaraSi;
310 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
4. baTumisa da sxalTis ep arqia - q. baTumi, q. qobuleTi, qobuleTis,xelvaCauris, qedas, Suaxevis da xulos raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episko-pozi baTumisa da sxalTisa”. kaTedra _ baTumsa da sxalTaSi, rezidencia _baTumsa da qobuleTSi;
5. bodbis eparqia - q. siRnaRi, siRnaRisa da dedofliswyaros raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi bodbeli”. kaTedra _ bodbeSi, rezidencia _bodbesa da siRnaRSi.
6. bolnisisa da dmanisis eparqia - q. bolnisi, q. dmanisi, bolnisisa dadmanisis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi bolnisisa da dmanisisa”.kaTedra da rezidencia _ bolnissa da dmanisSi;
7. borjomisa da axalqalaqis eparqia - q. borjomi, q. axalqalaqi, bor-jomisa, axalqalaqisa da ninowmindis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episko-posi borjomisa da axalqalaqisa”. kaTedra _ borjomSi, rezidencia _ borjomSi,axalqalaqsa da ninowmidaSi;
8. va nis a da baRdaTis eparqia - q. vani, vanisa da baRdaTis raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi vanisa da baRdaTisa”. kaTedra _ baRdaTSi,rezidencia _ vansa da baRdaTSi;
9. zugdidisa da caiSis eparqia - q. zugdidi, q. walenjixa, zugdidisa dawalenjixis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi zugdidisa da caiSisa”.kaTedra _ zudgidsa da caiSSi, rezidencia _ zugdidsa da walenjixaSi.
10. manglisisa da walkis eparqia - q. TeTriwyaro, q. walka, TeTriwyarosa dawalkis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi manglisisa da walkisa”,kaTedra da rezidencia _ manglissa da walkaSi;
11. margveTis eparqia - q. zestafoni, q. Terjola, zestafonis, Terjolisa daxaragaulis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episkoposi margveli”. kaTedra _zestafonSi, rezidencia _ zestafonSi, Terjolasa da xaragaulSi;
12. nekresis eparqia - q. yvareli, q. lagodexi, yvarelisa da lagodexisraionebi, masSi aseve Sedian saingilos eklesiebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episko-posi nekreseli”. kaTedra _ nekressa da yvarelSi, rezidencia _ yvarelsa dalagodexSi;
13. nikorwmindis eparqia - q. ambrolauri, q. oni, ambrolaurisa da onisraionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi nikorwmindeli”. kaTedra _ niko-rwmindaSi, rezidnecia _ ambrolaursa da onSi;
14. niqozisa da cxinvalis eparqia - q. cxinvali, cxinvalisa da axalgoris,javisa da znauris raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episkoposi niqozisa dacxinvalisa”. kaTedra da rezidencia _ niqozsa da cxinvalSi;
15. rusTavis eparqia - q. rusTavi, q. marneuli, marneulis raioni. mRvdelmTavriswodeba: “episkoposi rusTavisa”. kaTedra _ rusTavSi, rezidencia _ rusTavsa da marneulSi;
311saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
16. samTavisisa da goris eparqia - q. gori, q. kaspi, gorisa da kaspis raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi samTavisisa da gorisa”. kaTedra da reziden-cia _ samTavissa da gorSi;
17. sagarejosa da gurjaanis eparqia - q. sagarejo, q. gurjaani, sagarejosa dagurjaanis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi sagarejosa da gurjaanisa”.kaTedra _ sagarejosa da gurjaanSi, rezidencia _ gurjaansa da ninowmidaSi.
18. urbnisisa da ruisis eparqia - q. xaSuri, q. qareli, xaSurisa da qarelisraionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi urbnisisa da ruisisa”. kaTedra _urbnisSi, ruissa da xaSurSi, rezidencia _ xaSurSi;
19 foTis eparqia - q. foTi, q. xobi, q. senaki, foTis, xobisa da senakisraionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi foTisa”. kaTedra _ foTSi, rezi-dencia _ foTSi, xobsa da senakSi;
20 quTais-gaenaTis eparqia - q. quTaisi, wyaltubosa da tyibulis raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi quTaTel-gaenaTeli”. kaTedra da rezidencia_ quTaissa da gelaTSi.
21. Semoqmedis eparqia - q. ozugeTi, q. lanCxuTi, ozurgeTis, lanCxuTisa daCoxatauris raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episkoposi Semoqmedeli” kaTedra_ Semoqmedsa da ozurgeTSi, rezidencia _ ozurgeTSi, lanCxuTsa da CoxataurSi;
22. cagerisa da svaneTis eparqia - q. cageri, cageris, mestiis da lentexisraionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi cagerisa da svaneTisa”. kaTedra _cagersa da mestiaSi, rezidencia _ cagerSi, mestiasa da lentexSi;
23. cxum-afxazeTis eparqia - q. soxumi, q. oCamCire, q. gali, q. gudauTa,q. gagra, soxumis, gulrifSis, galis, oCamCiris, gagrisa da gudauTis raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba: “episkoposi cxum-afxazeTis”. kaTedra _ soxumSi da axalaTonze, rezidencia _ soxumSi, gudauTasa da gagraSi;
24 wilknis eparqia - q. duSeTi, sof. wilkani, muxrani da saguramo, duSeTis,yazbegisa da TianeTis raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episkoposi wilkneli”.kaTedra _ wilkanSi, rezidencia _ wilkanSi, duSeTsa da TianeTSi;
25. WiaTuris eparqia - WiaTuris da saCxeris raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba :“episkoposi WiaTurisa”. kaTedra _ WiaTuraSi, rezidencia _ WiaTurasa da saCxereSi;
26. Wyondidis e parq ia - q. abaSa, q. martvili, aba Sis, martvilisa daCxorowyus raionebi. mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episkoposi Wyondideli”. kaTedra_ martvilSi, rezidencia _ martvilSi, abaSisa da CxorowyuSi;
27. xonis eparqia - q. samtredia, q. xoni, samtrediis da xonis raionebi.mRvdelmTavris wodeba : “episkoposi xoneli”. kaTedra _ xonSi, rezidencia _xonsa da samtrediaSi.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesia Tavis moRvaweobas axorcielebs Semdeg safuZvelze :1. wmida werili da saRmrTo gadmocema;
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2. wmidaTa mociqulTa, wmidaTa msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa da wmidaTamamaTa kanonebi da wesdebebi;
3. saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv krebaTa dadgenilebani;4. saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis
debuleba, saqarTvelos konstitucia da Sesabamisi kanonebi.$6. saqarTvelos eklesia gamoyofilia saxelmwifosagan, damoukidebelia da
axorcielebs masTan urTierTobas saeklesio kanonebis, saxelmwifo konstituci-isa da Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze.
$7. saeklesio xelisuflebisa da mmarTvelobis umaRles organos warmoadgenssaqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobrivi saeklesio kreba _ saqarTvelos eklesiiswmida sinodi, xolo krebebs Soris periodSi umaRlesi saeklesio xelisufali dammarTveli aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi.
SeniSvna: ̀saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi~ aris saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli ek-
lesiis adgilobrivi saeklesio krebis meore oficialuri dasaxeleba.
$8. saeklesio sasamarTlos ufleba aqvT : saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobrivsaeklesio krebas - saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinods, sruliad saqarTveloskaTolikos-patriarqs da eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavars.
$9. saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, misi ganyofilebebi, dawesebulebebi, eparqiebi,samrevloebi, monastrebi, sasuliero saswavleblebi da sazRvargareT arsebulisamrevloebi da dawesebulebebi sargebloben iuridiuli piris uflebiT.
Tavi II. saqarTvelos adgilobrivi marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saek-
lesio kreba - saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi $1. saqarTvelos ekle-siaSi umaRlesi xelisufleba moZRvrebis, saeklesio mmarTvelobisa da saeklesiosasamarTlos sferoebSi, anu - sakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebeli da sasamarTloxelisufleba ekuTvnis saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio krebas - saqarTveloseklesiis wmida sinods.
$2. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wmida sinods iwvevs sruliadsaqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi (an misi mosaydre) saWiroebis mixedviT, we-liwadSi aranakleb orjer da Tavmjdomareobs mas.
$3. saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis wevrebi arian saqarTvelos eklesiiseparqiaTa mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebi da sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-pa-triarqis qorepiskoposebi.
$4. saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi :1. ganmartavs wmida werilisa da wmida gardamocemis safuZvelze marTlmadide-
beli eklesiis swavlebas. zrunavs sxva adgilobriv avtokefalur marTlmadidebeleklesiebTan dogmatur-sarwmunoebrivsa da kanonikur erTianobaze.
2. ixilavs da wyvets kanonikur, saRvTismsaxuro, samoZRvro da sxva sakiTxebs,romlebic exebian eklesiis saSinao da sagareo moRvaweobas.
313saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
3. uzrunvelyofs saqarTvelos eklesiis erTianobas. icavs marTlmadidebelisarwmunoebis siwmidesa da qristianul zneobas.
4. adgens axal wmidanTa aRiarebas (kanonzomierebas) da Sesabamis RvTismsaxurebas.5. zrunavs eklesiasa da saxelmwifos Soris samarTlebriv urTierTobebze,
eklesiis kanonebis, saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebebis, saqarTvelos avtokefalurimarTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis, saxelmwifos konstituciisada kanonebis Sesabamisad.
6. iRebs principul gadawyvetilebebs sxva avtokefalur marTlmadidebel ek-lesiebTan urTierTobis Sesaxeb.
7. Sesabamisi saSualebebiT gamoxatavs Tavis damokidebulebas saxelmwifoSi damTel msoflioSi momxdari movlenebisa da wamoWrili problemebis Sesaxeb.
8. qmnis an auqmebs eparqiebs, cvlis maT teritoriul sazRvrebsa da saxelwodebebs.9. irCevs saqarTvelos eklesiis mRvdelmTavrebs da axdens maT xeldasxmas.10. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, kaTolikos-patriarqis winadadebiT, gadahyavs
mRvdelmTavrebi erTi eparqiidan meoreSi.11. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi iRebs gadawyvetilebas mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis
pensiaSi gasvlis Sesaxeb.12. ismens mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis moxsenebebs eparqiis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.13. adgens proceduras yvela saeklesio sasamarTlosaTvis.14. ganawesebs saeklesio jildoebs.15. amtkicebs, cvlis, auqmebs da ganmartavs Tavis dadgenilebas, romlebic
Seexebian saeklesio cxovrebas.16. sxvadasxva sakiTxis Sesaswavlad qmnis specialur komisiebs.wm. sinodi zrunavs:17. saqarTvelos eklesiis saSinao da sagareo moRvaweobis mniSvnelovani
saRvTismetyvelo problemebis gadaWrisaTvis.18. wm. werilis teqstis dacvisa, Targmnisa da gamocemisaTvis.19. saRvTismsaxuro wignebis teqstebis dacvis, gasworebisa da gamocemisaTvis.20. sae klesio k anonebis kre buli s, sa suli ero da s aero saswavleblebis
Sesabamisi saxelmZRvaneloebis, saRvTismetyvelo literaturisa da periodikisga mocemis aTvi s.
21. sasuliero ganaTlebis srulyofisaTvis.22. sasuliero pirTa da eklesiis saero TanamSromelTa pensiiT uzrunvelyofisaTvis.23. saeklesio saganZuris aRricxvis, dacvisa da SevsebisaTvis.$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis Tavmjdomare aris sruliad saqarTve-
los kaTolikos-patriarqi an mis mier daniSnuli sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre.$6. wmida marTlmadidebeli eklesiis kanonebis Tanaxmad, is saeklesio kreba,
romelic ar aris mowveuli kaTolikos-patriarqis an mosaydris mier, ukanonoa.
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$7. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodi aris pirveli da ukanaskneli instanciasaqarTvelos eklesiaSi, romelic uflebamosilia gaasamarTlos mRvdelmTavari,ganixilos misi moRvaweobis dogmaturi da kanonikuri cdomileba.
$8. saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio kreba aris pirveli da ukanaskneli in-stancia saqarTvelos eklesiaSi, romelic sasamarTlo wesiT ganixilavs kon-fliqtebs mRvdelmTavrebs Soris
SeniSvna: yovelgvari saCivris gareSe saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio kreba uflebamo-
silia pasuxi agebinos im mRvdelmTavars, romelic cxadad arRvevs saeklesio kanonebsa da
wesdebebs.
$9. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodi aris ukanaskneli instancia im sasuli-ero da saero pirebisaTvis, romlebsac eparqiis mmarTvelma mRvdelmTavarma miusajamRvdelmsaxurebis akrZalva, samRvdelo xarisxidan gankveTa, sikvdilamde uziare-bloba an eklesiidan gankveTa (anaTema); agreTve im sasuliero da saero pirebi-saT vis, romlebsac aqvT sakmarisi safuZveli Tavi anTi eparq iis m marTv elimRvdelmTavris ganaCenis gasaCivrebisaTvis.
$10. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodze gadawyvetilebis miReba xdeba xmebisumravlesobiT. xmebis Tanabrad gayofis SemTxvevaSi miRebuli iqneba is gadaw-yvetileba, romlebsac emxroba krebis Tavmjdomare _ sruliad saqarTvelos kaTo-likos-patriarqi (an mosaydre).
$11. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodi amtkicebs Tavisi sxdomebis CatarebisdRis wesrigs, programasa da reglaments.
$12 . saq arTvelos e klesi is wm . sinodze daswre ba sa qarTv elos eklesiismRvdelmTavrebis kanonikuri valdebulebaa. mRvdelmTavars SeuZlia ar daeswroswm. sinodis sxdomas avadmyofobis an sxva iseTi mniSvnelovani mizezis gamo,romelsac wm. sinodi sapatiod cnobs. Tu mRvdelmTavari arasapatio mizezis gamoar gamocxaddeba wm. sinodze, maSin es eqvemdebareba mTeli krebisagan Zmur Segonebasan mRvdelmoqmedebisagan droebiT ganyenebas.
$13. Tu mRvdelmTavari mniSvnelovani mizezis gamo ver daeswreba wm. sinodissxdomas, maSin is valdebulia wm. sinods werilobiT moaxsenos Tavisi Sexedulebagansaxilvel sakiTxebze.
$14. wm. sinodis arc erT wevrs ar SeuZlia xmis micemisagan Tavis Sekaveba. TumRvdelmTavari ar eTanxmeba miRebul dadgenilebas, man es imave sxdomaze undaganacxados, xolo sxdomidan sami (3) dRis ganmavlobaSi werilobiT unda waradg-inos Tavisi mosazreba, romelic daerTveba saeklesio krebis oqmebs.
$15. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodis dadgenilebebi savaldebuloa saqarTve-los eklesiis yoveli wevrisaTvis.
$16. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodis dadgenilebebs pirvelad xels awerskrebis Tavmjdomare - sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi (an mosaydre),
315saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Semdeg krebis wevrebi upiratesobis mixedviT, miuxedavad imisa, eTanxmebian Tu araganxilul sakiTxebze miRebul gadawyvetilebas.
$17. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wm. sinodis dadgenilebebi Zala-Si Sedian miRebisTanave, Tu dadgenileba ar iTvaliswinebs sxva vadebs.
$18. saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wm. sinodis sxdomis mowvevisadgils irCevs sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi (an mosaydre).
Tavi III. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli kreba $1. saqarTveloseklesiis gafarToebul saeklesio krebas iwvevs sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi an sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre.
$2. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis mowveva xdeba mxolod orSemTxvevaSi :
1. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis arCevisas.2. saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis axali debulebis damtkicebisas.$3. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis SemadgenlobaSi Sedian :a) wm. sinodis yvela wevri.b) yoveli eparqiidan mowveuli ori sasuliero da erTi saero piri, TiToeu-
li monastridan, aseve sasuliero akademiebidan da seminariebidan warmodgenili2-2 delegati, gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiidan - 4 delegati da mcxeTa-Tbili-sis eparqiidan imdenive warmomadgeneli, ramdenic iqneba mowveuli yvela danarCenieparqiidan.
$4. msoflio saeklesio krebaTa dadgenilebebis Tanaxmad, mRvdelmTavarnigafarToebul saeklesio krebaze monawileoben xmis uflebiT, xolo samRvdelo dasamonazvno dasi, aseve saeroni monawileoben saTaTbiro xmis uflebiT.
$5. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebul krebaze sruliad saqarTvelos kaTo-likos-patriarqis brZanebiT SeiZleba mowveulni iyvnen mecnier-eqspertebi.
Tavi IV. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi $1. saqarTveloseklesiis saWeTmpyrobeli aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi damcxeTa-Tbilisis mTavarepiskoposi.
$2. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqobis kandidati unda akmay-ofilebdes Semdeg moTxovnebs:
- erovnebiT unda iyos qarTveli,- unda iyos saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mRvdelmTavari,- unda hqondes saRvTismetyvelo ganaTleba da saeklesio mmarTvelobis sakma-
risi gamocdileba,- asakiT unda iyos aranakleb ormoci wlisa da araumetes samocdaaTi wlisa,- unda iyos beri.
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$3. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs irCevs saqarTvelos eklesi-is gafarToebuli kreba.
$4. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi gardacvalebis, gadadgomisan sxva iseTi mizezis gamo, romelic SeuZlebels xdis kaTolikos-patriarqisaTvisTavis movaleobis Sesrulebas, kaTolikos-patriarqis mier dadgenili sapatri-arqo taxtis mosaydre marTavs eklesias axali kaTolikos-patriarqis arCevamde.
$5. im SemTxvevaSi, roca sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre dadgenili ar aris,qirotoniiT upiratesi mRvdelmTavari avtomaturad xdeba mosaydre.
$6. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis gardacvalebis Semdeg qiro-toniiT upiratesi mRvdelmTavari wm. sinodis wevrTa umravlesobis TandaswrebiTxsnis kaTolikos-patriarqis mier datovebul anderZs da acxadebs sapatriarqotaxtis mosaydris vinaobas.
$7. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikoz-patriarqis anderZiT dadgenili sapa-triarqo taxtis mosaydrisadmi kanonikuri morCileba saqarTvelos eklesiis yoveliwevris movaleobaa.
$8. sapatriarqo taxtis daqvrivebidan 40 dRis Semdeg, magram ara ugvianes oriTvisa, sapatriarqo taxtis mosaydre iwvevs saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebulkrebas, romelzedac moxdeba sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis arCeva.
$9. saqarTvelos eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis win mosaydre iwvevs wm. sin-ods, sapatriarqo kandidatebis SesarCevad.
$10. wm. sinodi irCevs gafarToebul krebaze warsadgen sam kandidats.$11. wm. sinodis yvela wevrs aqvs ufleba warmoadginos erTi sapatriarqo
kandidati, maT Soris Tavisi Tavic.$12. sami sapatriarqo kandidati, romlebic miiReben xmaTa umravlesobas,
kenWs iyrian gafarToebul krebaze, rogorc patriarqobis kandidatebi.$13. gafarToebuli krebis yvela monawiles aqvs ufleba gamoTqvas azri kandi-
datis Sesaxeb.$14. kaTolikos-patriarqis arCevis kenWisyraSi monawileobas iReben mxolod
mRvdelmTavrebi.$15. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqad arCeulad CaiTvleba is kan-
didati, romelic miiRebs krebis monawile mRvdelmTavarTa xmebis naxevarze mets.$16. Tu verc erTi kandidati ver miiRebs xmaTa naxevarze mets, tardeba xelme-
ore kenWisyra, romelSic monawileobas miiRebs is ori kandidati, romelic pirv-el kenWisyraSi miiRebs xmaTa umravlesobas.
$17. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis aRsaydreba (intronizacia)xdeba mcxeTis sveticxovlis wm. aTormet mociqulTa saxelobis sapatriarqo taZarSi.
$18. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis arCeva, marTlmadidebluritradiciis Tanaxmad, xdeba samudamod (kaTolikos-patriarqis gardacvalebamde).
317saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$19. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis sruli titulia : uwmidesida unetaresi, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi da mcxeTa-TbilisismTavarepiskoposi didi meufe, mamaQ Cveni...
$20. yvela sasuliero piri movalea RvTismsaxurebis dros moixsenos sruliadsaqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis saxeli saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiqciaSiSemaval yvela taZarSi, rogorc saqarTveloSi, aseve mis sazRvrebs gareT, SemdegiformuliT: “uwmidesi da unetaresi, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqida mcxeTa-Tbilisis mTavarepiskoposi didi meufe, mamaQ Cveni (saxeli)”.
$21. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis pativis niSnebia : Zowis-feri mantia, Savi sapatriarqo kunkul-bartyuli jvriTa da frTebze gamosaxuliserafimebiT, ori panaRia da jvari, didi paramani da jvris win gaZRolis ufleba.
$22. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs aqvs Tavisi tvifri da beWedi.$23. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi aris mcxeTa-Tbilisis epar-
qiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.$24. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis uSualo iurisdiqciaSi im-
yofebian rogorc Tbilisis sionis, mcxeTis sveticxovlis, gelaTis, moqvis dagonios sakaTedro taZrebi, aseve yvela stavropigialuri monasteri.
$25. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi iwvevs da TavmjdomareobssaqarTvelos wm. sinods da gafarToebul krebas.
$26. krebaTa Soris periodSi saqarTvelos eklesiis umaRlesi saeklesio xe-lisufali da mmarTveli aris sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi.
$27. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi Tavis moRvaweobas axor-cielebs Semdeg safuZvlebze:
1. wmida werili da saRmrTo gadmocema;2. wmidaTa mociqulTa, wmidaTa msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa da wmida
mamaTa kanonebi da wesdebebi;3. saqarTvelos eklesiis adgilobriv krebaTa dadgenilebebi;4. saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis
debuleba, saqarTvelos konstitucia da Sesabamisi kanonebi.$28. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi axorcielebs pirveli in-
stanciis sasamarTlos funqciebs mcxeTa-Tbilisis eparqiis marTlmadidebeliqristianebisaTvis, xolo meore instanciis sasamarTlos funqciebs saqarTveloseklesiis danarCeni eparqiebis marTlmadidebeli qristianebisaTvis, romelTac sak-marisi safuZveli aqvT gaasaCivron TavianTi mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris ganaCeni.
$29. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi uflebamosilia mamamTavruliSeniSvna misces an saeklesio sasjeli Seufardos saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiq-ciaSi Semaval samRvdeloebas, ber-monozvnebsa da eriskacebs da Seatyobinos amisSesaxeb eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavars.
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$30. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi :1. zrunavs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saeklesio dadgenilebebis
ganxorcielebisaTvis.2. zrunavs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis ierarqiis erTianobaze.3. xels awers saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis dadgenilebebsa da sxva
saerTo-saeklesio dokumentebs.4. urTierTobas amyarebs sxva avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis saWeT-
mpyrobelebTan, agreTve sxva aRmsareblobis xelmZRvanelobasTan, rogorc saqarTve-los avtokefaluri eklesiis saxeliT, aseve Tavisi piradi saxeliTac.
5. aris saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sruluflebiani warmomad-geneli saxelmwifos xelisuflebis winaSe.
6. axorcielebs umaRles zedamxedvelobasa da kontrols yvela saeklesio saqmeze.7. zrunavs Tavisufal samRvdelmTavro kaTedrebze, maT Sevsebaze.8. zedamxedvelobs da xelmZRvanelobs axali mRvdelmTavris arCevas. sxva
mRvdelmTavarTan erTad axdens axali mRvdelmTavris xeldasxmas. aZlevs mas “dadg-inebis sigels”.
9. zedamxedvelobas uwevs mRvdelmTavrebs saeparqio marTva-gamgeobaSi. mwyemsmTavru-lad mimoixilavs saqarTvelos eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi Semaval eparqiebs.
10. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi avalebs mRvdelmTavrebs, sxva kanonebiT gaTval-iswinebuli mizezebis gamo, Tavisufali eparqiis droebiT mmarTvelobas.
11. aZlevs mRvdelmTavrebs Zmur rCevebsa da mwyemsmTavrul SeniSvnebs, rogorcmaTi piradi cxovrebis, aseve samRvdelmTavro movaleobis Sesrulebis Sesaxeb. maTimxridan uyuradRebobis SemTxvevaSi mimarTavs saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinods.
12. iRebs gansaxilvelad saqmeebs mRvdelmTavrebs Soris warmoSobili gauge-brobebis Sesaxeb. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis gadawyvetilebaorive mxarisaTvis savaldebuloa.
13. iRebs saCivrebs mRvdelmTavrebze da aZlevs maT kanonier msvlelobas.14. nebarTvas aZlevs mRvdelmTavrebs samsaxurebrivi saqmeebis gamo sazRvarg-
areT gamgzavrebaze.15. amtkicebs eparqiebis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavrebis yvela zogadsaeklesio
mniSvnelobis gadawyvetilebas.16. aRyavs mRvdelmTavrebi dadgenil saeklesio wodebebSi da aZlevs maT saek-
lesio jildoebs.17. ganixilavs mRvdelmTavarTa angariSgebas eparqiis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb,
aZlevs maT Sefasebas da iRebs saWiro zomebs.18. niSnavs revizias sxvadasxva saWiroebaTa da SemTxvevaTa gamo.19 aqvs stavropigiebis daarsebis ufleba.
319saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
20. amtkicebs, xolo gansakuTrebul SemTxvevaSi TviTon niSnavs monastrebiswinamZRvrebs.
21. zrunavs marTlmadidebeli RvTismetyvelebis gavrcelebisaTvis, zedamxed-velobs da xelmZRvanelobs qristianul swavla-ganaTlebas.
22. niSnavs da amtkicebs sasuliero saswavleblebis reqtorebsa da proreq-torebs. amtkicebs samecniero-saRvTismetyvelo wodebebisa da xarisxebis miniWe-bas, zedamxedvelobas uwevs saswavlo komitets.
23. zedamxedvelobs da xelmZRvanelobs qristianul ganaTlebas saero saswav-lo dawesebulebebSi.
24. eklesiis saWiroebisamebr niSnavs samRvdelo an saero pirebs saqarTvelossazRvrebs gareT samsaxurisaTvis.
25. samRvdelo da saero pirebs aniWebs dadgenil saeklesio jildoebs.26. zrunavs wmida mironis droulad momzadebisaTvis da akurTxebs mas.27. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosTan qmnis da auqmebs sameurneo-sawarmoo ganyo-
filebebs, organizaciebsa da dawesebulebebs, romlebic saqmianobas axorcielebenTavianTi wesdebebisa da saxelmwifos Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad.
28. zrunavs wmidanTa saflavebis dacvisa da gamSvenebisaTvis.29. zrunavs eklesiebis aRdgena-restavraciaze da axali taZrebis mSeneblobaze.
Tavi V. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqo $1. “sruliad saqarTvelossapatriarqo” agreTve ewodeba im dawesebulebaTa erTobliobas, romlebic uSua-lod sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs eqvemdebarebian.
$2. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, misi ganyofilebebi da samsaxurebimowodebulni arian daexmaron kaTolikos-patriarqs aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebisganxorcielebaSi da angariSvaldebulni arian mis winaSe.
$3 . sruli ad sa qarTv elos sa patri arqos g an yofileb ebs a da sa ms axure bsqm ni s, m aT xelm ZRv an eleb s niSna vs da aTa vi suflebs sruliad saq arTv eloskaToli kos- p atriarqi .
$4. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqos ganyofilebebisa da samsaxurebis moR-vaweobas aregulireben Sesabamisi wesdebebi, romlebsac amtkicebs sruliad saqarTve-los kaTolikos-patriarqi.
$5. sruliad saqarTvelos sapatriarqos ganyofilebebi da samsaxurebi arianzedamxedveli da makoordinirebeli organoebi eparqiebSi moqmedi analogiuridawe se buleb eb is a.
$6. saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, misi ganyofilebebi, dawesebulebebi, eparqiebi,samrevloebi, monastrebi, sasuliero saswavleblebi da sazRvargareT myofi sam-revloebi da dawesebulebebi sargebloben iuridiuli piris uflebiT.
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Tavi VI. eparqia $1. saqarTvelos eklesia iyofa eparqiebad, romlebsacmarTaven mRvdelmTavrebi. eparqia Sedgeba olqebSi (samTavarxucesoebSi) gaer-Tianebuli samrevloebisagan da am eparqiis teritoriaze ganlagebuli monas-trebis agan.
$2. “eparqia” ewodeba saqarTvelos eklesiis im nawils, romelsac kanoni-kurad marTavs sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqisa da wm. sinodis mierdadgenili eparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
$3. eparqiebis sazRvrebs saqarTvelos teritoriaze adgens saqarTvelos mar-Tlmadidebeli eklesiis wm. sinodi saxelmwifos administraciul-teritoriulidayofis gaTvaliswinebiT. saqarTvelos sazRvrebs gareT eparqiebis sazRvrebidgindeba saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinodis gadawyvetilebiT.
$4. yovel eparqiaSi arseboben saeparqio mmarTvelobis organoebi, romlebicmoqmedeben saeklesio kanonebiTa da saqaraTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadide-bluri marTva-gamgeobis debulebiT.
$5. saeklesio saWiroebebisaTvis eparqiebSi SeiZleba Seiqmnas saTanado dawese-bulebani, romelTa moRvaweobac ganisazRvreba sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis locva-kurTxeviT, saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodis dadgenilebiT.
$6. saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinods ufleba aqvs aRadginos Zveli da gaxsnasaxali eparqiebi, gaauqmos romelime arsebuli, Seucvalos dasaxeleba da terito-riuli sazRvrebi.
Tavi VII. mRvdelmTavari $1. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari, wmida mociqulebidanmomdinare uwyveti ierarqiuli xeldasxmis madliT, aris eparqiis saWeTmpyrobelida misi kanonikuri mmarTveli.
$2. eparqiis mRvdelmTavris arCeva da dadgineba xdeba saqarTvelos eklesiiswmida sinodis mier. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi aZlevs eparqiismRvdelmTavars “dadginebis sigels”.
$3. eparqiis mRvdelmTavrebi atareben wodebas, romelSic Sedis eparqiis sax-elwodeba. mRvdelmTavarTa wodebebi ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. si-nodis krebis mier.
$4. samRvdelmTavro kandidati unda akmayofilebdes Semdeg pirobebs :1. asakiT unda iyos aranakleb ocdaTxuTmeti (35) wlisa.2. unda gamoirCeodes sarwmunoebrivi da zneobrivi siwmidiT.3. unda hqondes Sesaferisi saRvTismetyvelo da saero ganaTleba.4. unda iyos beri.$5. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars aqvs sarwmunoebrivi da zneobrivi swavlebis, mRvdel-
moqmedebisa da moZRvrebis sruli ierarqiuli uflebamosileba.
321saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$6. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqTanSeTanxmebiT asrulebs sasuliero pirebis xeldasxmas, iZleva locva-kurTxevasberad da monozvnad aRkvecaze da niSnavs maT msaxurebis adgilebze, agreTve niSnavseparqiis dawesebulebebis yvela TanamSromels.
$7. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs kaTolikos-patriarqTan SeTanxmebiTmiiRos Tavis eparqiaSi samsaxurisaTvis sxva eparqiidan gadmosuli sasulieropiri, Tu mas aqvs Tavisi episkoposisagan “gantevebis sigeli”. agreTve mRvdelmTavarsufleba aqvs gauSvas Tavisi eparqiidan sxva eparqiebSi sasuliero pirebi da miscesmaT “gantevebis sigelebi”.
$8. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari aris umaRlesi zedamxedveli eparqiaSi Semavalmonastrebze da dawesebulebebze, garda stavropigialurisa, romelic uSualodkaTolikos-patriarqs eqvemdebareba.
$9. eparqiis mRvdelmTavris Tanxmobis gareSe saeparqio mmarTvelobis orga-noebis verc erTi gadawyvetileba ver ganxorcieldeba.
$10. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs mimarTos eparqiis mrevls sam-RvdelmTavro epistoleTi.
$11. eparqiis yvela taZarSi RvTismsaxurebis dros saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis saxelis Semdeg aRevlineba eparqiis mRvdelmTavris saxeli.
$12. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs warudgi nos dadg enili form iT yovelwliuri ang ariSi e parqi iscxovrebisa da Tavisi moRvaweobis Sesaxeb.
$13. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari :1. icavs sarwmunoebriv da zneobriv siwmides.2. pasuxismgebelia saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio krebebis dadgenilebebisa
da sxva saeklesio wesdebebis Sesrulebaze Tavis eparqiaSi.3. zedamxedvelobs saeklesio wesrigs da RvTismsaxurebis swor aRsrulebas.4. saeklesio kanonebis Sesabamisad mogzaurobs Tavis eparqiaSi, mimoixilavs
eparqiis samrevloebs da akontrolebs maT an uSualod, an Tavisi uflebamosiliwarmomadgenlebis meSveobiT.
5. zedamxedvelobs eparqiis samRvdeloebis moRvaweobas.6. aZlevs sasuliero pirebsa da momsaxure personals Svebulebas erTi Tvis vadiT.7. zrunavs sasuliero pirTa ganaTlebis donis asamaRleblad.8. zedamxedvelobs da xelmZRvanelobs samRvdelo kandidatebis saRvTismetyve-
lo momzadebas.9. ebrZvis eparqiaSi gavrcelebul yvela borot da mwvaleblur swavlebas.10. zrunavs, rom samRvdeloebis qadageba Seesabamebodes wmida marTlmadidebe-
li eklesiis swavlebas.11. zrunavs mrevlis sulieri da zneobrivi donis asamaRleblad.
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12. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis winaSe Suamdgomlobs Rir-seuli sasuliero pirebisa da eriskacebis dasajildoeblad.
13. kaTolikos-patriarqTan SeTanxmebiT akurTxebs eparqiaSi Semaval taZrebsda xels asxams sadiakvno da samRvdelo kandidatebs.
14. zrunavs mowyalebisa da qvelmoqmedebis saqmeebze.15. aarsebs misiisa da evangelizaciis centrebsa da misionerul skolebs.$14. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia hqondes eparqiis sasuliero pirTa
sruli sia da monacemebi.$15. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia, mosTxovos eparqiaSi Semavali mo-
nastrebis winamZRvrebsa da olqebis mTavarxucesebs maTdami daqvemdebarebuli mo-nastrebisa da olqebSi moRvaweobis yovelwliuri angariSi.
$16. eparqiis mRvdelmTavris nebarTvis gareSe eparqiaSi RvTismsaxurebis aR-sruleba aravis ar SeuZlia.
$17. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari aris eparqiaSi umaRlesi sasamarTlo xelisufa-li. saeklesio kanonebis mixedviT mas ufleba aqvs :
1. mwyemsmTavruli SeniSvna misces sasuliero pirebs, gamoucxados maT sayve-duri, gadaayenos Tanamdebobidan, daados epitimia da aukrZalos mRvdelmoqmedeba.
2. mwyemsmTavruli SeniSvna misces eriskacebs, daados epitimia da dasajosisini uziareblobiT.
3. Seamsubuqos sasjeli.4. saeklesio kanonebis Sesabamisad gadawyvitos saeklesio qorwinebisa da gan-
qorwinebis sakiTxebi.$18. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia, RvTismsaxurebis dros aRavlinos
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis saxeli.$19. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia daemorCilos umaRles saeklesio
xelisuflebas (saqarTvelos eklesiis wm. sinods da kaTolikos-patriarqs), Seaty-obinos mas eparqiaSi yvela mniSvnelovani movlena da ar moimoqmedos iseTi ram,rac mis uflebas aRemateba.
$20. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari valdebulia mudmivad imyofebodes Tavis epar-qiaSi. mas eparqiidan wasvla mxolod kaTolikos-patriarqis nebarTviT SeuZlia.
$21. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ar eqvemdebarebian eparqiis teritoriaze gan-lagebuli stavropigialuri monastrebi, saswavleblebi da dawesebulebani.
$22. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba aqvs sapatriarqosTan SeTanxmebiT Seqmnasda daamtkicos saeklesio-saqvelmoqmedo sazogadoebani, samrevloebTan arsebuliZmobebi da maTi wesdebebi.
$23. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars unda hyavdes saeparqio sabWo da daniSnos misiwevrebi da TanamSromlebi.
323saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$24. eparqiis mRvdelmTavari aris Tavisi eparqiis saeklesio qonebis umaRlesizedamxedveli, da igi pasuxismgebelia am qonebaze wmida sinodisa da kaTolikos-patriarqis winaSe.
$25. daqvrivebul eparqias droebiT marTavs kaTolikos-patriarqis mier daniS-nuli mRvdelmTavari. am dros ar tardeba araviTari RonisZiebani saeparqiocxovre bi s reorganizaci i saT vi s da ar xde ba ara viTari cvlileb ani winamRvdelmTavris mmarTvelobis periodSi dawyebul samuSaoebSi.
$26. eparqiis daqvrivebisas saeparqio sabWo daluqavs saeparqio daxls dayvela dawesebulebas; xolo saqarTvelos sapatriarqo gamoyofs komisias, romel-ic revizias gaukeTebs eparqiis qonebas da Seadgens Sesabamis aqts axlad daniSnulimRvdelmTavrisaTvis gadasacemad.
$27. saqarTvelos eklesiis mRvdelmTavrebis xeldasxma sruldeba mcxeTis svet-icxovlis wmida aTormetTa mociqulTa saxelobis sapatriarqo taZarSi.
$28. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars aqvs Tavisi tvifri da beWedi.$29. samocdaTxuTmeti (75) wlis asakis miRwevisas eparqiis mRvdelmTavari
valdebulia sTxovos kaTolikos-patriarqs pensiaSi gasvlis nebarTva.$30. eparqiis mRvdelmTavars ufleba ara aqvs TviTneburad Sevides da unebar-
Tvod aRasrulos mRvdelmoqmedeba sxvis eparqiaSi.
Tavi VIII. saeparqio sabWo $1. saeparqio sabWo aris saTaTbiro, kole-gialuri organo, romelic eparqiis mRvdelmTavars exmareba eparqiis mmarTvelo-baSi da uSualod mas eqvemdebareba.
$2. saeparqio sabWos daniSnulebaa mRvdelmTavarTan erTad ganixilos eparqiismmarTvelobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi.
$3. saeparqio sabWos wevrebsa da mis TanamSromlebs niSnavs da aTavisuflebsmmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$4. saeparqio sabWos Tavmjdomare aris eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.$5. saeparqio sabWos wevrebi arian: mRvdelmTavari, oTxi sasuliero da ori
saero piri. isini unda gamoirCeodnen maRali zneobiT, sulierebiT, SesabamisisaRvTismetyvelo ganaTlebiT da cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebiT.
$6. saeparqio sabWos sxdomebi imarTeba regularulad, kvartalSi erTxel dasaWiroebisamebr.
$7. saeparqio sabWos hyavs Tavisi mdivani, romelsac niSnavs eparqiis mRvdelmTa-vari sabWos wevrTagan. mdivani pasuxismgebelia sxdomebisaTvis saWiro masalebismomzadebasa da saTanado oqmebisa da dokumentaciis Sedgenaze.
$8. saeparqio sabWos sxdomebis oqmebze xels awers sabWos yvela wevri.$9. mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari aris eparqiis umaRlesi sasamarTlo xelisufa-
li. saeparqio sabWo rCevebiTa da mosazrebebiT exmareba eparqiis mRvdelmTavarssasamarTlo xelisuflebis ganxorcielebaSi.
324 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$ 1 0 . s a e p ar q i o s a b Wo s aT a n ado g a n x il vi s Se m de g , s aT aT b iro x m i sufleb iT warudg e n s e p arq ii s mRvdelmTa v ars s as a marTlo s aq m es . mm arTv-el mRvdelmTa v ar s g a mo a q v s g a n a C e n i , ro gorc e p arq i i s um aRles s a s a -m arTlo x eli su fals .
$11. saeparqio sabWos is wevri, romelsac raime piradi interesi akavSirebsmocemul sasamarTlo saqmesTan, mis ganxilvaSi ar monawileobs.
$12. saeparqio sabWo kompetenturia ganixilos Semdegi saxis sasamarTlo saqmeebi :1. sasuliero pirTa da eriskacTa mier sarwmunoebisagan gandgoma;2. maT mier saeklesio da zneobrivi kanonebis darRveva;3. saeklesio qorwineba da ganqorwineba;4. da sxva sakiTxebi, romlebic exebian saeklesio marTlwesrigs.$13. saeparqio sabWos sasamarTlo saqmeebs ixilavs “saqarTvelos eklesiis
saeklesio sasamarTlos Sesaxeb wesdebis” Sesabamisad.
Tavi IX. olqebi (samTavarxucesoebi) $1. saqarTvelos eklesiis eparqiebiiyofa olqebad (samTavarxucesoebad).
$2. olqebis xelmZRvanelebi arian mTavarxucesebi, romlebsac niSnavs da aT-avisuflebs eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$3. mTavarxucesi aris eparqiis mRvdelmTavris mier daniSnuli zedamxedveli,romlis movaleobaSi Sedis olqis farglebSi saeklesio marTlwesrigis dacva.
$4. olqSi gaerTianebuli samrevloebis raodenobas gansazRvravs eparqiismmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.
$5. olqis mTavarxucess ufleba aqvs misdami daqvemdebarebul olqSi moagvarosuTanxmoebebi sasuliero pirTa, eklesiis TanamSromelTa da, agreTve, sasulieropirTa da eklesiis TanamSromelTa Soris.
$6. olqis mTavarxucesi SeiZleba iyos saeparqio sabWos wevri.$7. olqis mTavarxucesi yovel weliwads eparqiis mmarTvel mRvdelmTavars
warudgens angariSs dadgenili formiT olqis mdgomareobasa da Tavisi moRvaweo-bis Sesaxeb.
$8. yovel olqSi samRvdeloeba Tavisi wridan irCevs moZRvarTmoZRvars, romel-sac amtkicebs eparqiis mRvdelmTavari.
$9. moZRvarTmoZRvars sasuliero pirebma regularulad unda Caabaron aRsareba.
Tavi X. samrevlo $1. saqarTvelos eklesiis eparqiebi iyofa olqebad,xolo olqebi _ samrevloebad.
$2. samrevlo _ es aris taZarTan gaerTianebuli marTlmadidebel qristianTasazogadoeba, romelic Sedgeba samRvdelo da saero pirTagan, samrevlo _ es ariseparqiis nawili, romelic imyofeba eparqiis mRvdelmTavris kanonikuri mmarTvelobis qveS.
325saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$3. samrevlos xelmZRvanelobs eparqiis mRvdelmTavris mier daniSnuli winamZR-vari, romelsac marTa-gamgeobaSi samrevlo sabWo exmareba.
$4. axali samrevloebis daarseba an samrevlos gauqmeba xdeba eparqiis mmarTve-li mRvdelmTavris locva-kurTxeviT.
$5. samrevlos aucileblad unda hqondes erTi taZari an samlocvelo saxli.samrevlo taZrebis, samlocvelo saxlebisa da saydrebis aSeneba, gamSveneba daSekeTeba xdeba eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris nebarTviT.
$6. samrevloSi samRvdelo pirs niSnavs da aTavisuflebs eparqiis mmarTvelimRvdelmTavari.
$7. samrevlos samRvdelo piri _ winamZRvari1. sasurvelia mudmivad cxovrobdes samrevlos teritoriaze; igi valdebulia
TviTneburad ar miatovos Tavisi mrevli, gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac samrev-loSi gavrcelebulia epidemia an sxva raime safrTxe emuqreba mas.
2. mudmivad unda ataros sasuliero wodebis Sesabamisi samoseli.3. ar unda iyos dakavebuli iseTi saqmeebiT, romlebic ar Seesabameba sasuli-
ero wodebas.4. ar unda eswrebodes sasuliero wodebisaTvis Seuferebel gasarTob sanaxaobebs.5. mudam unda kiTxulobdes wmida werilsa da wm. mamaTa Sromebs, ecnobodes
saRvTismetyvelo literaturas, qadagebdes.6. saTanadod unda aRasrulos saeklesio RvTismsaxureba da mRvdelmoqmedeba.7. unda izrunos taZarsa da saeklesio Senobis garemontebasa da gamSvenebaze.8. unda izrunos RvTismsaxurebisaTvis saWiro nivTebis SeZenaze, Senaxvasa da dacvaze.9. unda izrunos saeklesio disciplinasa da zneobaze, SeniSvnebi da darigebebi
misces damnaSaveebs.10. zustad unda Seasrulos eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris gankargulebani
da miTiTebani.11. unda izrunos avadmyofebze, qvriv-oblebsa da glaxakebze.12. unda awarmoos saeklesio sabuTebi; weros samrevlo matiane, izrunos
arqivis Sevsebaze.13. unda izrunos samrevlo biblioTekis mowyobaze.14. yvela mniSvnelovani sakiTxis gadawyvetisas unda mimarTos eparqiis mmarTvel
mRvdelmTavars an olqis mTavarxucess.15. unda ebrZolos samrevloSi gavrcelebul crurwmenasa da mwvaleblobas.16. zedamxedveloba unda gauwios saeklesio TanamSromlebis mier TavianTi
movaleobis saTanadod aRsrulebas.17. unda izrunos saeklesio qonebaze, awarmoos sainventarizacio wigni. igi
pasuxismgebelia eparqiis mRvdelmTavris, kaTolikos-patriarqisa da wm. sinodiswinaSe saeklesio qonebaze.
326 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
18. unda moiwvios samrevlo sabWos sxdomebi TveSi erTxel.19. unda moiwvios samrevlos kreba weliwadSi erTxel, romelsac TviTon
Tavmjdomareobs.20. unda warudginos olqis mmarTvelsa da eparqiis mRvdelmTavars yovelw-
liuri angariSi samrevlos mdgomareobisa da Tavisi moRvaweobis Sesaxeb.$8. samrevlos samRvdelo pirs - winamZRvars SeuZlia Svebuleba aiRos da dato-
vos Tavisi samrevlo erTi TviT, eparqiis mRvdelmTavris locva-kurTxeviT.$9. mrevlis yoveli wevri unda iyos marTlmadidebeli aRmsareblobis piri,
romelsac cocxali kavSiri aqvs Tavis samrevlo taZarTan.$10. mrevlis yoveli wevri valdebulia daeswros RvTismsaxurebas, regularu-
lad Caabaros aRsareba da eziaros, daicvas saeklesio kanonebi, iswrafodes suli-er-zneobrivi srulyofisaken da iRvwodes samrevlos keTildReobisaTvis.
$11. samrevlos krebis wevrebi arian am samrevlos wevri sasuliero da saero pirebi.$12. samrevlo kreba, erTi (1) wlis vadiT irCevs samrevlo sabWos wevrebs,
romlebsac amtkicebs eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavari.$13. samrevlo sabWo Sedegeba eklesiaSi momsaxure yvela sasuliero da sami
saero pirisagan.$14. samrevlo sabWos Tavmjdomare aris samrevlos winamZRvari.$15. mRvdelmTavarTan SeTanxmebiT samrevlo sabWo saero pirTagan erTi wlis
vadiT niSnavs mnes, romelic aRricxavs eklesiis Semosaval-gasavals, risTvisaciqmneba specialuri wigni. yovelTviurad samrevlo sabWo akontrolebs samrevlosfulad da materialur saxsrebs. darRvevis SemTxvevaSi damnaSaves winamZRvris ward-ginebiT mRvdelmTavari adebs sasjels an aTavisuflebs mas.
$16. winamZRvris gardacvalebis an sxvagan gadayvanis SemTxvevaSi samrevlosabWo amowmebs samrevlos qonebas; aRwers da Seadgens Sesabamis aqts, romelsacgadascems eparqiis mRvdelmTavarsa da mis mier daniSnul winamZRvars.
$17. samrevlo sabWo angariSvaldebulia eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris winaSe.$18. yovel samrevlos ukavia gansazRvruli teritoria (qalaqebis samrevloe-
bis garda), romlis sazRvrebis Secvlis ufleba mxolod eparqiis mmarTvelmRvdelmTavars aqvs.
$19. samrevlos gauqmebis SemTxvevaSi misi kuTvnili qoneba gadadis eparqiismflobelobaSi.
$20. samrevlos winamZRvars aqvs Sesabamisi tvifri da beWedi.
Tavi XI. monastrebi $1. monasteri aris savane, romelSic cxovrobs damoRvaweobs berebis an monozvnebisagan Semdgari krebuli. am krebulis berebi anmonozvnebi gaerTianebulni arian upovrebis, uqorwineblobisa da morCilebisaRTqmiT da Tavisi cxovreba miZRvnili aqvT ubiwoebisa da locvisadmi.
327saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$2. monastrebis daarsebis nebarTvas iZleva sruliad saqarTvelos kaToli-kos-patriarqi, an wm. sinodi eparqiis mmarTveli mRvdelmTavris wardginebiT dakanonikuri proceduris dacviT.
$3. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqs aqvs ufleba stavropigialurimonastrebis daarsebisa saqarTvelos sapatriarqos iurisdiqciaSi Semaval mTelteritoriaze.
$4. stavropigialuri monastrebi Sedian uSualod sruliad saqarTvelos ka-Tolikos-patriarqis iurisdiqciaSi.
$5. eparqiis teritoriaze arsebuli sxva monastrebi eqvemdebarebian mmarTvelimRvdelmTavris iurisdiqcias.
$6. monastrebi sargebloben iuridiuli piris uflebiT, aqvT beWedi da tvifri.$ 7 . s a q arTv elos e klesi i s y v ela mona stri s Se vs e b a xdeb a m m arTv eli
mRvdelmTavris locva-kurTxevis Tanaxmad marTlmadidebeli aRmsareblobis pirebiT,romelTac ber-monozvnuri cxovrebis survili aqvT.
$8. monastrebi Tavis moRvaweobas a xorcieleben “saqarTvelos eklesiismonastrebisa da ber-monozvnobis Sesaxeb debulebis” Tanaxmad. yovel monas-ters SeiZleba hqondes Tavisi specifikuri tibikoni, magram igi unda Seesabam-ebode s “debuleb as” da da mtkiceb uli unda iyos kaTolikos-p atri arq is anwmida sinodis mier.
$9. monastrebs ufleba aqvT hqondeT metoqebi, romelTa daarsebis nebarTvasiZleva kaTolikos-patriarqi an wm. sinodi. metoqi ewodeba taZars, Tavisi kuTv-nili Senoba-nagebobiT, romelic imyofeba monastris gamgeblobaSi, magram mde-bareobs mis sazRvrebs gareT (SesaZlebelia sxva eparqiis teritoriaze). metoqismoRvaweoba regulirdeba “saqarTvelos eklesiis monastrebisa da ber-monoznobisSesaxeb debulebiT”, agreTve im monastris tibikoniT, romlis kuTvnilebasac esmetoqi warmoadgens. metoqi Sedis im mRvdelmTavris iurisdiuqciaSi, romelieparqiis teritoriazec igi mdebareobs.
Tavi XII. saeklesio finansebi da qoneba $1. saqarTvelos eklesia uzrun-velyofs Tavis materialur moTxovnilebebs TviTdafinansebis safuZvelze.
$2. misi finansebi iqmneba: morwmuneTa nebayoflobiTi SemowirulobiT, saek-lesio wesebis aRsrulebis SemowirulobiT, saeklesio sawarmoebis mier gamoSvebu-li produqciis realizaciiT da sxva saeklesio-sameurneo saqmianobiT.
$3. centraluri saeklesio biujeti sapatriarqoSi iqmneba eparqiebis, stavropi-gialuri monastrebisa da sxva saeklesio-sameurneo dawesebulebebis mier gadar-icxuli fuladi saxsrebiT, romlis procentul raodenobas gansazRvravs wm. sinodi.
$4. saerTo-saeklesio finansebis ganmkargavni arian sruliad saqarTveloskaTolikos-patriarqi da wm. sinodi.
328 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$5. sapatriarqos ganyofilebebis dawesebulebebis dafinanseba xdeba saerTo-saeklesio saxsrebidan, garda im ganyofilebebisa, romlebsac SeswevT TviTdafin-ansebis unari.
$6. e parqiis bi ujeti iqmn eba samrevloebis, monastrebis a da saeparqio-sameurneo dawesebulebebis Semosavlidan wm. sinodis mier dadgenili procen-tis gadaricxv iT.
$7. saerTo-saeparqio fuladi saxsrebis ganmkargavi biujetis farglebSi arismmarTveli mRvdelmTavari, romelic awarmoebs saeklesio daniSnulebiT gacemuliTanxis aRricxvas.
$8. samrevloebis fuladi saxsrebi iqmneba : morwmuneTa nebayoflobiTi Semow-irulobebis da sapatriarqodan gacemuli sanTlis, saeklesio literaturis dasxva nivTiebis realizaciiT miRebuli Semosavlisagan.
$9. samrevlos fuladi saxsrebis ganmkargavi biujetis farglebSi aris samrev-lo winamZRvari da samrevlo sabWo.
$10. monastrebis fuladi saxsrebi iqmneba iseve, rogorc samrevloebisa. maTiganmkargavi biujetis farglebSi aris monastris winamZRvari.
$11. sasuliero saswavleblebis dafinanseba xdeba im eparqiis saerTo-saekle-sio fuladi saxsrebidan, sadac mdebareobs es saswavlebeli da saswavleblis daqvem-debarebaSi myofi sameurneo dawesebulebebis Semosavlidan.
$12. sasuliero saswavleblebis xarjTaRricxvas amticebs eparqiis mRvdelmTa-vari sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqTan SeTanxmebiT.
$13. sasuliero saswavleblis fuladi saxsrebis ganmkargavi biujetis far-glebSi aris reqtori da pedsabWo.
$14. saeklesio Tanxebi inaxeba bankSi Sesabamisi saeklesio dawesebulebis saxelze.$15. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi da wmida sinodi axdenen
saerTo-saeklesio da saeparqio fuladi saxsrebisa da qonebis revizias. aseTireviziis ganxorcielebisaTvis maT mier iqmneba specialuri sinodaluri komisia.
$16. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosa da stavropigialuri monastrebis fuladisaxsrebisa da qonebis revizias axdens sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriar-qis mier daniSnuli komisia.
$17. eparqiis samrevloebis, monastrebisa da dawesebulebebis fuladi saxsreb-isa da qonebis revizias axdens kaTolikos-patriarqis an eparqiis mmarTvelimRvdelmTavris mier daniSnuli sarevizio komisia.
$18. saqarTvelos eklesiis eparqiebs, monastrebs, samrevloebs, saeklesiodawesebulebebs, sasuliero saswavleblebs, saeklesio-sameurneo dawesebulebebsufleba aqvT flobdnen uZrav-moZrav qonebas, miwis nakveTs, aiRon arendiT, aaSe-non da SeiZinon Senoba-nagebobebi da sxv. kaTolikos-patriarqis kurTxeviT aqvTufleba qadagebisaTvis isargeblon masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT da sxv.
329saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
$19. saeklesio qonebis marTva da gankargva xdeba saeklesio kanonebis, saxelm-wifoSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis da “saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebe-li eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debulebis” Tanaxmad.
$20. saqarTvelos sapatriarqosa da eparqiebis biujetSi Semosavlebidan gada-saricx procents adgens saqarTvelos eklesiis wmida sinodi.
$21. eparqiebis, monastrebis, samrevloebisa da sxva saeklesio dawesebulebebisfuladi saxsrebi mRvdelmTavrebisa da winamZRvrebis mier mxolod saeklesio mizneb-isaTvis unda iqnes gamoyenebuli.
$22. eklesiaSi akrZalulia iseTi sanTlebisa, an sxva saeklesio nivTebisg ayidva , romleb ic ar ari s da mzade buli sa patri arqos sa m eurneo dawe se-bulebe bis mier.
$23. saqarTvelos eklesiis mTel kanonikur teritoriaze sanTlebis, saekle-sio literaturisa Tu sxva nivTebis realizacia xdeba sapatriarqos mier dadge-nili fasebis mixedviT.
Tavi XIII. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebi $1. saqarTveloseklesiis sasuliero saswavleblebi warmoadgenen umaRles da saSualo specialursaswavlo dawesebulebebs, romlebic amzadeben:
1. RvTismsaxurTa kadrebs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiisaTvis.2. samecniero da pedagogiur kadrebs saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
saWiroebisaTvis.3. saRvTismetyvelo sagnebis kvalificiur pedagogiur kadrebs umaRlesi da
saSualo saero saswavleblebisaTvis.$2. saqarTvelos eklesiis saeklesio saswavleblebi : gimnaziebi, liceumebi,
skolebi, sabavSvo baRebi da sxv. warmoadgenen saSualo da dawyebiT saswavlodawesebulebebs, romlebic emsaxurebian momavali Taobis marTlmadidebeli sarw-munoebiT aRzrdas.
$3. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebi eqvemdebarebian sruliad saqarTve-los kaTolikos-patriarqis umaRles mmarTvelobas.
$4. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebi kanonikurad Sedian im mmarTvelimRvdelmTavris iurisdiqciaSi, romlis eparqiis teritoriazec isini arian gan-lageb uli.
$5. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebis daarseba da gauqmeba xdeba sruli-ad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis brZanebiT.
$6. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebis marTva da moRvaweoba xdeba“saqarTvelos marTlmadideb eli eklesi is sasuliero saswavleblebis Se saxebdebulebis” safuZvelze.
330 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
$7. sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebisaTvis saswavlo programas adgenssapatriarqosTan arsebuli saswavlo komiteti.
$8. sapatriarqosTan arsebuli saswavlo komiteti valdebulia Seamowmos sas-wavlo procesis mimdinareoba sasuliero da saeklesio saswavleblebSi da zedamxed-veloba gauwios programebis ganxorcielebas.
Tavi XIV. sapensio anazRaurebis Sesaxeb $1. saqarTvelos eklesia sa-suliero pirebisa da TanamSromlebis sapensio anazRaurebas awarmoebs “saeklesiopensiis Sesaxeb debulebis” safuZvelze.
Tavi XV. “saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis
marTva-gamgeobis debulebaSi” cvlilebebis Setanis Sesaxeb $1. “saqarTve-los avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba” Zala-Sia saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gafarToebuli krebis mier misi miRe-bisTanave.
$2. adre arsebuli “debuleba saqarTvelos eklesiis marTva-gamgeobis Sesaxeb”gauqmebulia.
$3. “saqarTvelos avtokefaluri marTlmadidebeli eklesiis marTva-gamgeobisdebulebaSi” cvlilebebis Setanis ufleba aqvs mxolod saqarTvelos eklesiiswmida sinods.
gadmobeWdilia wignidan - “saqarTvelos avtokefaluri, marTlmadidebeli ek-lesiis marTva-gamgeobis debuleba”, mcxeTa, sveticxoveli, 1995.
2002 wlis 17 oqtombris wmida sinodis dadgenilebiT zemoaRniSnul
eparqiebs daemata ramdenime axali eparqia da kanonizebul iqna axali wmidane-
bi, maT Soris wmida kirion kaTalikosi, klarjeli mamebi, eqvTime TayaiSvili
da sxv.
331saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saqarTvelos eklesiis
mimdinare krebebi
n a w i l i m e s a m e
332 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
333saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
S e s a v a l i
aqarTvelos wmida eklesia aTaswleulTa manZilzeuwyveti Tanamonawilea msoflio saeklesio cxovre-bisa, amitomac odiTganve misTvis savaldebulo iyoaRsruleba msoflio saeklesio, adgilobrivi krebe-bis da wmida mamaTa mier SemuSavebuli sayovelTaosaeklesio kanonebisa.
kanonikuri samarTali ZvelTaganve moiTxovda weliwadSi ramdenime saeklesiokrebis mowvevas, Sesabamisad IV s-dan Cvens dromde (TiTqmis 1600 wlis manZilze)saqarTveloSi aTasobiT saeklesio kreba unda yofiliyo mowveuli. samwuxarod,aseTi didi odenobis miuxedavad, aqamde sul ramdenime kreba iyo gamovlenilida Seswavlili. mizezi amisa ara marto isaa, rom saeklesio samarTlis mecnierulSeswavlas saqarTveloSi mxolod XIX s-is bolosa da XX s-is dasawyisSi CaeyarasafuZveli, romelic maleve Seaferxa aTeisturma reJimma, aramed agreTve isic, rommiuxedavad mowveul krebaTa siWarbisa, maT Sesaxeb pirdapiri cnobebi metad mcireraodenobiT SemorCa, ZiriTadad `sjuldebis wignebSi~, tipikonebSi, saeklesio dasamonastro krebulTa ganCinebebSi, `dawerilebSi~, sigel-gujrebsa da sxva saekle-sio samarTlis aqtebSi, romelnic iv. javaxiSvilis SefasebiT, Tumca moqmedisaeklesio samarTlis piruTvnel sabuTebs warmoadgenen, magram maTSi kvlevisSesabamisi masalis moZieba did SromasTanaa dakavSirebuli.
Cvens mier gamovlenili iqna IV-XX ss-Si Semdgari 100-mde saeklesio kreba,maT Soris 15 sakanonmdeblo, IV-XVIII ss-Si Semdgari 21 da XIX-XX ss-Si Semdgari50-mde mimdinare saeklesio kreba, maT garda 9 msoflio da saerTaSorisomniSvnelobis kreba, romelTa muSaobaSic qarTveli episkoposebi monawileobdnen.
Tavi pirveli
mimdinare krebebi IV-XVIII saukuneebSi
s
334 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
sazogadod, saeklesio krebebs yofen or ZiriTad jgufad, pirvelia is krebebi,romelTac kanonSemoqmedebiTad iRvawes da Sesabamisi saeklesio samarTlis Zeglebicgamosces, meorea mimdinare saeklesio krebebi, romelnic Seikribnen mniSvnelovanisakiTxebis gadasaWrelad, magram kanonebi ar gamouciaT.
Cven calke wignad gamovyaviT `saqarTvelos saeklesio sakanonmdeblo krebebi~(Tb., 2003), masSi ganxilulia saqarTvelos 15 sakanonmdeblo kreba. aRsaniSnavia,rom TiToeul krebas Tan davurTeT mis mier gamocemuli kanonebi, amitomacaRniSnuli wigni saeklesio sakanonmdeblo Zeglebis erTgvar qrestomaTias warmoad-gens, rac aseve siaxlea.
winamdebare wignSi ganxilulia IV-XVIII ss-Si Semdgari mimdinare saeklesiokrebebi, sul ganxilulia 21 saeklesio kreba, maTgan zogierTi marTalia SedgasaqarTvelos farglebs gareT, magram mieZRvna saqarTvelos saeklesio sakiTxebs.mniSvnelovan krebaTa nawils Tan erTvis maT mier gamocemuli saeklesiosamarTlis Zeglebi.
Cvens mier ganxilul krebebs saxelebi mivakuTvneT mowvevis adgilis mixedviT(magaliTad, ganxilul periodSi TbilisSi mowveul iqna 4 saeklesio kreba, maTSoris, Tbilisis I saeklesio kreba Sedga XII s-Si, xolo IV Sedga XVIII s-Si).
krebaTa SeswavliT dadasturda, rom saqarTvelos eklesia, viTarca avtoke-faluri, ganagebda sakuTar saeklesio samarTals, amasTanave, mas viTarca saxelm-wifoebrivi Tvisebebis mqones, xeli miuwvdeboda samoqalaqo-administraciul mmarTvelobasada samarTalze (amiT iyo gamowveuli magaliTad bagrat kurapalatis samarTalSi101, 102, 103-e da sxva muxlebis gaCena, romelTagan erT-erTis gansazRvriT ̀ meoremefe episkoposi aris da qristianTa sjulisa damamtkicebeli~ (`sjuli~ - kanonsewodeboda Zvel saqarTveloSi).
krebaTa Seswavla adasturebs n. maris Sefasebas, rom ̀ Zvel saqarTveloSi saeroda sasuliero Zalauflebis erToba warmoadgenda udavo faqts~. sasuliero dasaero xelisuflebis erTobis gamomxatvelia mwignobarTuxucesis (Wyondideliepiskoposis) mefis Semdeg meore saxelmwifo piris Tanamdebobis daweseba. saqarTveloSisaeklesio krebebs iwvevda mefe, amave dros saxelmwifo darbazs, Cans imis gamo,rom igi Tavisi SemadgenlobiT gamoxatavda simfoniur (harmoniul) kavSirssaeklesio da saero xelisuflebas Soris, ufleba eniWeboda ganexila saeklesiosakiTxebi da mieRo dadgenileba (kaTalikosTa, umaRles ierarqTa, episkoposTa damrevlis warmomadgenelTa monawileobiT) saeklesio sakiTxebis Sesaxeb.
Seswavlili saeklesio krebebis analizi adasturebs Zveli qarTuli istori-ografiis dabejiTebul mtkicebas iurisdiqciis sazRvrebis (kerZod, rom IV s-danqarTuli eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi Sedioda ara mxolod aRmosavleT saqarTvelo,aramed dasavleT saqarTvelo (Tavdapirvelad mdinare egriswylamde, Semdeg kimdinare klisuramde), saeklesio enis da sxvaTa Sesaxeb.
vloculobT, raTa Cvenma Sromam xeli Seuwyos qarTuli saeklesio samarTlisSeswavlis gaRrmavebis saqmes.
335saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
cnobil kanon ists T. b alsamons
rogorc qarTuli aseve sxva avtoke-
faluri eklesiebis TavisTavadobis safuZ-
vlad miaCnda II msoflio krebis me-2
kanoni, romelSic, kerZod, naTqvamia:
`TiToeul samTavros (eparqias) ganagebs
amave samTavros kreba nikeaSi gansazRvru-
li kanonis Tanaxmad, xolo warmarTTa
Soris arsebuli ucxo tomTa eklesiebi
unda ganagon mamaTa mier dawesebuli
Zveli kanonebis mixedviT~.70 am kanonis
Tanaxmad, balsamons miaCnda, rom yovel
saxelmwifoSi arsebul eklesias ganagebda
adgilobrivi saeklesio kreba.71
msoflio kreb ebs, rogorc wesi,
iwvevdnen jer romis, Semdeg ki bizan-
tiis imperiaSi, maT farglebs gareT e.w.
warmarT barbarosTa, anu ZvelqarTuliT
Tu vityviT, `barbarozebrTa warmarTTa
Soris~ mcxovrebi qristiani xalxebis
eklesiebi, aRniSnuli II msoflio kreb-
is me-2 kanonis Sesabamisad, imarTeboda
episkoposTa Sekrebani mefe mirianisa da
vaxtang gorgasalis dros (IV-V ss.)
`mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli kanoneb-
is mixedviT~. safiqrebelia, rom II msof-
lio krebis me-2 kanoni ̀ warmarTTa Soris
arsebul ucxo tomTa e klesiebSi~
gulisxmobda rom-b izantiis imperiis
sazRvrebs gareT moqceul eklesiebs. mar-
Tlac, saqarTvelos saxelmwifo imyofe-
boda imperiis gareT. maSasadame , misi
eklesia `mamaTa mier dawesebuli Zveli
kanonebis~ Sesabamisad unda emarTaT. am
kanonTa Soris IV s-is bolos, 381 wels,
Semdgari II msoflio kreba, Cans, gulisx-
mobda mociqulTa kanonebis 34-e muxls,
romelSic naTqvamia: `yvela eris episko-
posebma unda icodnen maT Soris pirve-
li da Tavi episkoposi da araferi zed-
meti ar unda gaakeTon mis gareSe... ma-
gram nurc pirveli episkoposi nu gaa-
keTebs nurafers sxvebTan SeTanxmebis
gareSe, vinaidan mxolod ase SeiZleba
aResrulos erTneboba da ididos Rmer-
Ti uflis mier suliwmidiT~.72
70 didi sjulis kanoni, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1987, gv. 211; 71 saqarTvelos samociquloeklesiis istoria, I , 1996, gv. 185; 72 didi sjulis kanoni, iqve, gv. 166.
336 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
zemoT moyvanili kanonebidan Cans, rom
TavisTavad eklesiaSi uTuod unda iyos
ramdenime episkoposi, romelTa krebac
marTavs am eklesias, xolo eklesiis Tavs
irCeven am eklesiis episkoposebi. ismis
kiTxva: hyavda Tu ara qarTul eklesias
IV s-sa da V s-is pirvel naxevarSi
ramdenime episkoposi? zogierTi mecni-
eris azriT, aRniSnul epoqaSi qarTul
eklesiaSi iyo mxolod da mxolod erTi
episkoposi, isic ucxoeli mRvdelmTavris
mier daniSnul-xeldasxmuli.
Cven viciT, rom qarTuli eklesia
organizaciuli saxiT Camoyalibda IV
s-is dasawyisSi (324-326 wlisaTvis).
ruis-urbnisis Zeglisweris Tanaxmad, mefe
mirianis dros imperator konstantines
mivlinebiT Camosul antioqiis patri-
arqs evstaTis dauarsebia igi. maSasa-
dame , Tu es marTlac ase moxda, igi
(eklesia) unda emarTaT qristian msof-
lioSi im droisaTvis miRebuli saekle-
sio kanonebis Sesabamisad, romelTa Sesax-
ebac zemoT visaubreT, kerZod, qarTuli
eklesia unda emarTa episkoposTa krebas,
xolo eklesias unda hyoloda episko-
posTa mier arCeuli `pirveli~, anu mTa-
vari episkoposi.
nikeis I msoflio krebis me-5 kano-
nis Tanaxmad, TiToeul ̀ samTavroSi~, anu
romaul provinciaSi weliwadSi orjer
unda Catarebuliyo episkoposTa kreba.
samTavros episkoposTa saerTo krebaze
unda garCeuliyo sadavo saqme sajarod,
samarTlianad, yvelas mxardaWeriT. im
droisaTvis weliwadSi ori kreba unda
mowveuliyo: erTi _ marxvamde, meore ki
rTvlis dros.73
romis imperiaSi qristianobis sax-
elmwifo sarwmunoebad aRiarebis Semdeg
didi, sameufeo qalaqebis episkoposebi
TavianT mezoblad mdebare provinciebze
avrcelebdnen xelisuflebas, rac daa-
dastura I msoflio krebis me-6 kanonma,
magram, rogorc aRiniSna, II msoflio
krebis me-2 kanonis Tanaxmad, imperiis
farglebs gareT mdebare eklesiebi ̀ mamaTa
kanonebis Sesabamisad imarTeboda~, e.i.
meti TavisuflebiT, sakuTari, adgilo-
brivi tradiciebisa da Zveli saeklesio
Cvevebis gaTvaliswinebiT. s. janaSias
mixedviT, qarTul eklesiaSi ara erTi,
aramed episkoposTa simravle arsebobda.
igi wers: `raki qarTlSi qristianoba
saxelmwifoebriv sarwmunoebad gadaiq-
ca, qarTlis eklesiamac iseTive wyo-
bileba miiRo, rogoric hqonda TviT qarT-
lis samefos. ase xdeboda sxva qveyneb-
Sic. calke saerisTaoebis saqmeebs ga-
nagebdnen episkoposebi, romelnic emor-
Cilebodnen qarTlis, anu mcxeTis mTa-
varepiskoposs. episkoposebs eqvemdebare-
bodnen xucesebi, anu mRvdlebi~.74
s. janaSias Tanaxmad, CvenSi vaxtang
gorgaslamde imdenive saepiskoposo yofi-
la, ramdeni saerisTavoc iyo qarTlis
samefoSi. b. mWedliSvilis mixedviT ki,
episkoposebis ricxvi gacilebiT meti
SeiZleba yofiliyo: `gaqristianebamde
saxelmwifoSi yvela qalaqsa Tu mniS-
vnelovan dabas Tavisi episkoposi unda
hyoloda, zogan oric. sxvagvarad qris-
tianuli qveynis statusi da eklesiis
struqtura warmoudgenelia. amasTan, Cven
qvemoT vnaxavT, rom saqarTveloSi V s-
is bolos 30-ze meti episkoposi moR-
vaweobda. juanSeri CamoTvlis, sad das-
va vaxtangma episkoposebi... am siis mixed-
viT, sakuTriv qarTlSi mxolod ori
episkoposi Cans, mcxeTis da niqozis,
73 didi sjulis kanoni, iqve, gv. 179; 74 s. janaSia, Sromebi, t. 4, gv. 74.
337saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Tbilisic ki, romelic TiTqosda vax-
tangma daaarsa, eklesiis mesveuris gareSe
aRmoCnda. garda amisa, ra vuyoT sxva
Zvel qalaqebs - ufliscixes, armazcix-
es, kasps, nekress, tyetba-gulgulas,
ujarma-kawareTs, gaCian-curtavs, samS-
vildesa da sxva CvenTvis ucnob qalaqebsa
da dabebs. amdenad juanSeris episko-
posTa sia asaxavs mxolod vaxtangis
mier dasmul episkoposTa raodenobas da
ara episkoposTa ricxvs. Tavis droze
iv. javaxiSvilma miaqcia juanSeris cno-
bebis Seusabamobas yuradReba da aRniS-
na: `juanSeris sityvebidan iseTi daskv-
nis gamotana SeiZleba, TiTqos mas mx-
olod imaTi dasaxeleba sdomebodes,
romelnic antioqiis patriarqma akurTxa,
magram maSin marto juanSeris am cnoba-
ze dayrdnoba SeuZlebelia~. maSasadame,
iv . javaxiSvili gamoyofda `uZveles
xanas~, romelic vaxtang gorgasalamde
gulisxmobs. am `uZveles xanaSi~ mTavar-
episkoposebi xelmZRvanelobdnen qarTul
eklesias. ̀ mTavar~ an ̀ Tavi episkoposTaAs~
arseboba TavisTavad gulisxmobs, rom maT
hyavdaT eparqiaTa episkoposebi, e.i. gor-
gaslamdec yofilan episkoposebi~.75 n. ber-
ZeniSvilisa da sxva cnobili mecnierebis
Tanaxmad, IV s-is saqarTveloSi episko-
posebi isxdnen saerisTavo da sapitiax-
So centrebSi. ramdeni saerisTavoc iyo,
imdeni saepiskoposo saydari (kaTedra)
arsebobda. e.i. eparqiaTa sazRvrebi, Ziri-
Tadad, emTxveoda saerisTavoTa sazRvrebs.
V s-is Sua wlebSi qarTlis samefoSi
ocdaaTiode saepiskoposo yofila.76
miuTiTebs Tu ara romelime wyaro,
reformamde, e.i. IV s-sa da V s-is pirvel
naxevarSi episkoposTa simravles? wmida
ninos cxovreba mogviTxrobs, rom gar-
dacvalebis Jams mefe mirianma masTan
misul e piskoposebs gadasca Tavisi
anderZi, amasTanave, Seevedra wmida ni-
nos saflavisaTvis didi yuradReba mieq-
ciaT - edidebinaT igi, `davedra episko-
posTa, raTa adidon dideba mis adg-
ilisa~.77 ase yofila IV s-is 60-ian
wlebSi. matianes Tanaxmad, qarTlSi
episkoposTa simravle arsebobda vaxtang
gorgasalis reformamde, e.i. V s-is pirv-
el naxevarSi, magaliTad, sparseTidan
dabrunebul vaxtangs Seegebnen episko-
posebi: `miegeba Ze misi daCi da mis Tana
yovelni spasalarni da maT Tana episko-
posni~.78 amasTanave, arsebobs sxva uZve-
lesi wyaro, romlidanac Cans, rom saek-
lesio reformamde, sakaTalikosos daarse-
bamde, miqael mTavarepiskoposs hyavda
mravali episkoposi. am wyaros siZvele
araviTar eWvs ar iwvevs, amasTanave miu-
TiTebs ZvelqarTuli saeklesio istori-
ografiis Tvalsazriss, rom qarTul ek-
lesiaSi vaxtang gorgasalis reformam-
de mravali saepiskoposo arsebobda, ker-
Zod, wyaros Tanaxmad, sarwmunoebrivi
saWiroebis dros `SeWura miqael sul-
man-wmidaman da warmovida mcxeTiT mis
queSeTa episkoposTa da mRvdelTa Tana~.79
igive wyaro miqael mTavarepiskoposis
xelqveiT myof episkoposTa Sesaxeb sxva
adgilasac mogviTxrobs (miqaeli iyo vax-
tang gorgasalis Tanamedrove).
saqarTvelos mezobel antioqiaSi 344
wels Semdgari krebis Tanaxmad, ekle-
siaSi kanonad iqca ZvelTaganve arsebu-
li wesi, rom eklesiis meTaurad episko-
75 a. jafariZe, saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, 1996, gv. 294; 76 iqve , gv. 295; 77
qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 129; 78 iqve , gv. 196; 79 uwyeba petroz mkawvrelisaTvis, saqarTvelossamoTxe, sabininis gamocema, 1882, gv. 632.
338 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
posTa Soris unda SeerCiaT dedaqala-
qis episkoposi. antioqiis krebis me-9
kanonis Tanaxmad, eklesiis meTaurs, anu
`Tavs~ adgenda TviT saeklesio olqis
episkoposebis kreba. am kanonis Sesabam-
isad, saqarTvelos eklesiis meTaurad
mcxeTeli episkoposi unda SeerCia adg-
ilobriv episkoposTa krebas. marTlac,
Cven yvela Zveli wyarodan viciT, rom
mcxeTeli episkoposi yovelTvis `mTa-
vari~ iyo sxva episkoposTa mimarT. amas-
Tanave, yoveli Zveli wyaro mogviTxrobs,
rom am episkoposs Tavis taxtze (say-
darze) `svamda~ qarTlis mefe an rome-
lime sxva xelisufali, magaliTad, ek-
lesiis meTaurad IV s-Si mefem sam-
RvdelmTavro taxtze `dasva~ mTavar-
episkoposi elia, aseve `dasves~ misi
momdevno svimoni, saberZneTidan Camoy-
vanili mRvdeli miqaeli ̀ daadgines episko-
posad~ da a.S.80
e.i. saeklesio kreba irCevda meTaurs,
mas ki mefe `svamda~ Tavis saydarze. ase
iyo msoflio eklesiaSic. krebis Catareba,
meTauris arCeva da dasma ar iyo ucxo
imdroindeli qarTuli sazogadoebisaTvis.
garkveuli wreebi TviT mefes irCevdnen
da svamdnen taxtze. magaliTad, mefe mir-
ianis Zmiswuli Trdati mefed `dasves~
qarTvelma warCinebulebma: `maSin war-
CinebulTa qarTlisaTa zraxva yves da
dasues mefed simamri varaz-baqarisi, Ze
revisi, Zmiswuli mirianisi, kaci moxu-
cebuli, saxeliT Trdati~.81 aseve mefe
arCil I aznaurTa krebam `dasva~ mefed.
`SeiTques aznaurni qarTlisani... dasues
mefed arCil~.82 unda vifiqroT, rom rad-
ganac imdroindeli qarTuli sazogadoe-
bisaTvis Sekreba da meTauris gamorCeva
uCveulo ar yofila, qarTveli episko-
posebic TavianT krebaze gamoirCevdnen
eklesiis meTaurs, rogorc amas moiTxov-
da zemoT miTiTebuli msoflio kanonebi.
mefe vaxtangis dros gaZlierda sa-
qarTvelos saxelmwifo. qveyana gaerTi-
anda, Semoemata axali teritoriebi, ker-
Zod, daubrunda klarjeTi da afxaze-
Tis didi nawili md. klisuramde, rom-
lebic iqamde mitacebuli iyo berZenTa
mier da Sedioda bizantiis imperiaSi,
maSasadame, Sediodnen bizantiuri eklesi-
is iurisdiqciaSi. axla saqarTvelos gaer-
Tianebis Semdeg am kuTxeebSi unda aRd-
geniliyo qarTuli eklesiis iurisdiq-
cia. es dabruneba unda momxdariyo bi-
zantiis imperatorisa da, cxadia, ek-
lesiis dadasturebiT. vaxtangamde mZime
saxelmwifoebrivi viTarebis gamo, qveya-
naSi sparselTa batonobis Sedegad
qarTul eklesiaSi arsebobda ramdenime
sarwmunoebrivi dajgufeba - proberZnu-
li da prosparsuli orientaciisa (im
droisaTvis sparseTSi arsebobda Zlieri
qristianuli organizacia - sparseTis
sakaTalikoso). saeklesio dajgufebis
erTi nawili ki orgulobas iCenda mefis
mimarT, radganac qveyanaSi arsebuli feo-
dalizaciis procesis gamo eklesiis zo-
gierTi ierarqi gadaiqca Zlier miwaTm-
flobelad, Zalzed gaZlierda da aRar
apirebda mefisadmi morCilebas, rac
gamoCnda miqael episkoposisa da vax-
tang gorgasalis urTierTobis dros.
maSasadame, saeklesio reforma iTval-
iswin ebda e klesias C amoSorebodne n
prosparsuli orientaciis episkoposebi
da agreTve, zogierTi proberZnuli ori-
entaciis urCi episkoposi. rogorc aRini-
80 a. jafariZe, saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. 1, gv . 194; 81 qarTlis cxovreba, I,gv. 137; 82 iqve, gv. 140.
339saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
Sna, am dros eklesiis mmarTvel episko-
posTa Zliereba da avtoriteti didad
iyo gazrdili sparselTa nebiT. wyaroe-
bidan Cans, rom somxeTSi sparselebma
xelisufleba CamoarTves naxararebs,
ga auqmes mefob a da samagierod xe -
lisufleba gadasces episkoposebsa da ek-
lesias. msgavsi viTareba unda yofiliyo
vaxtangamde saqarTveloSic. aseTi viTare-
bis dros vaxtang gorgasalma gadawyvi-
ta sasuliero daxmareba mieRo bizanti-
idan, msoflio sapatriarqoebidan da
maTze dayrdnobiT ganexorcielebina saek-
lesio reforma. marTlac, Cans, vaxtangma
urCi episkoposebis nacvlad, bizanti-
idan miiRo ukve nakurTxi axali episko-
posebi, e.i. am axali episkoposebis zurgs
ukan idga msoflio eklesiis avtorite-
ti da bizantiis imperiis Semweoba. kon-
stantinopolisa da antioqiis patriarqe-
bis nebiT saqarTveloSi vaxtangs miuvi-
da 12 axali episkoposi da maTi meTau-
ri, vaxtangis mier winaswar SerCeuli
kaTalikosi petre. axali episkoposebi
dasves klarjeTSi, eruSeTSi (es axlad
SemoerTebuli miwebi iyo), javaxeTSi,
manglisSi, bolnisSi, rusTavSi, ninow-
midaSi, WeremSi, CeleTSi, xornabujSi,
agarakSi (yvela es saepiskoposo mdebar-
eobda qvemo qarTlsa da kaxeT-hereTSi,
e .i. sparseTTan mosazRvre mxareebSi,
sadac didi unda yofiliyo sparselTa
gavlena, maSasadame , prosparsuli saek-
lesio orientacia). mefes mxo-lod mogvi-
anebiT erTi axali saepiskoposo dauarse-
bia Sida qarTlSi _ niqozSi. episkopos-
Ta aseTi simravlis dros, cxa-dia,
qarTul eklesiaSi tardeboda saekle-
sio krebebi. Cans, saqarTvelos eklesia
imarTeboda saeklesio wesebis, kerZod,
ki siriul-romauli samarTlis Sesabam-
isad83 ganagebdnen qarTul eklesias. maT
Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT gvqonda mimoxilva
wina TavSi _ `saeklesio samarTlis
wyaroebi IV-V ss-Si~, _ amitom aRar
SevexebiT.
340 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
83 qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, I, gv. 594; 84 s. janaSia, Sromebi, t. V, 1987, gv. 112.
dvinis saeklesio kreba (506 weli)
VI s-is dasawyisSi, 506 wels, somx-
eTis qalaq dvinSi mowveul iqna am-
ierkavkasiis qveynebis gaerTianebuli kre-
ba, romelsac daeswro 24 qarTveli
episkoposi qarTlis kaTalikosTan er-
Tad. marTalia, es kreba ar iyo saqarTve-
los adgilobrivi kreba, magram CvenTvis
sainteresoa imiT, rom mas qarTvel
episkoposTa simravle daeswro da kre-
bam aRiara is sarwmunoebrivi mimarTuleba,
romelic bizantiaSi iyo aRiarebuli. mi-
uxedavad amisa, krebaze qarTuli ek-
lesiis warmomadgenelTa monawileoba
Seicavda iZulebis elementebs, radga-
nac 506 wlis kreba araqarTuli Zaleb-
is karnaxiT iqna mowveuli. s. janaSias
TqmiT, `mokles Tu ara vaxtang gor-
gasali, sparselebis mTavari mteri da
mowinaaRmdege amierkavkasiaSi, maSinve 506
wels sparselebma somxeTis qalaq dvin-
Si moiwvies somxeTis, qarTlisa da al-
baneTis eklesiebis saerTo kreba~.84
ratom iyvnen dainteresebulni isi-
ni saeklesio krebis mowveviT? rogorc
s. janaSia wers: `roca sparselebi iZu-
lebuli gaxdnen uari eTqvaT mazdeanobis
gavrcelebaze amierkavkasiaSi da samag-
ierod monofizituri qristianobis
mfarvelebad iqcnen, saeklesio mwer-
lobas daavales, monofizituri ideebi
da sparseTTan ganuyreli kavSiris auci-
lebloba eqadaga. am mizniT sparseTis
mefis agentebma SeTxzes legendebi, vi-
Tomc qristianoba somxeTsa, qarTlsa
da albaneTSi erTi piris mier aris
danergili, viTomc qarTuli, somxuri
da albanuri anbani agreTve erTi piris
mier aris gamogonili da rom es `gan-
manaTleblebi~ imave dros viTomc spar-
seTTan iyvnen dakavSirebulni. monofiz-
itebi Seubraleblad spobdnen diofiz-
itebis, anu qalkedonitebis mwerlo-
bas. . . sparseTis mTavroba sxva saSu-
alebebsac mimarTavda am ideologiuri
kavSiris gansamtkiceblad. mas surda,
magaliTad, somxeTis, qarTlisa da
albaneTis eklesiebis gaerTianeba, rom
ufro advili yofiliyo maTi marTva
sparseli moxeleeb isaTvis, amitomac
mouwveviaT dvinis kreba 506 wels, ̀ amis
Semdeg eklesia sparselebis mTavari
dasayrdeni gaxda~. 8 4
341saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
85 s. janaSia, Sromebi, I, gv. 115; 86 epistoleTa wigni, 1968, z. aleqsiZis komentari, gv. 152.
s. janaSia samarTlianad aRniSnavs,
rom `am krebaze, ise rogorc mTels
momdevno periodSi, iniciativas somxebi
flobdnen, rogorc ufro Zveli monofiz-
itebi da iranis politikur centrTan
ufro daaxloebulni~.85
meore mxriv, bizantiac iyo dain-
teresebuli, raTa qarTul da sxva kavka-
siur eklesiebs mieRoT is sarwmunoe-
brivi platforma, romelic mniSvnelo-
vani iyo imperiisaTvis im epoqaSi. saqme
is iyo, rom qalkedonis krebam gaaRiz-
iana bizantieli monofizitebi, romelnic
mosaxleobis sakmao raodenobas warmoad-
gendnen. saimperio centrebi, gansakuTre-
biT ki periferiebi, daZabulobis kere-
bad iqca. SesaZlo didi samoqalaqo omis
Tavidan asacileblad bizantiis keisar-
ma zenonma (474-491) 482 wels gamosca
erTianobis aqti, romelsac henotikoni
ewoda. henotikoni cdilobda monofiz-
itebisa da diofizitebis morigebas da
gaurboda iseT gamoTqmebs, rogoricaa
`erTi buneba~ an `ori buneba~. bizantia
dainteresebuli iyo henotikonis gavr-
celebiT kavkasiaSi, gansakuTrebiT ki
somxeTSi, romelic mniSvnelovan sadavo
qveyanas warmoadgenda sparseTsa da bi-
zantias Soris. im droisaTvis msoflio
eklesiaSi arsebuli wesis Tanaxmad,
rogorc qarTuli, ise kavkasiuri eklesiebi
warmoadgendnen erT nawils msoflio ka-
Tolike, anu sayovelTao eklesiisa da
qarTuli eklesiis meTaurs msoflio ek-
lesiasTan kavSiris gansamtkiceblad
urTierToba hqonda damyarebuli romisa
da ierusalimis eklesiebis meTaurebTan,
cxadia, antioqia-konstantinopolTanac.
moRweulia romis papis grigol dial-
oRosis werilobiTi pasuxi kirion qarT-
lis kaTalikosisadmi, romelic sarwmu-
noebriv sakiTxebs exeba, e.i. marTalia,
qveyanaSi iranelebi batonobdnen, magram
qarTul eklesias mWidro sarwmunoebrivi
erToba hqonda msoflio eklesiebTan. dvi-
nis krebac ar SeiZleba ganvixiloT msof-
lio eklesiidan mowyvetis mcdelobad,
radganac, rogorc gaarkvia z. aleqsiZem,
es kreba bizantiis iniciativiT iqna
mowveuli. krebam dagmo ara qalkedoni-
toba, aramed nestorianoba da miiRo
zenon keisris diofizit-monofizitTa Se-
marigebeli ̀ henotikoni~ (`erToba~). aqtebi
Sedga qarTul, somxur, albanur da
berZnul enebze.
502-506 wlebSi iranis mefe kavad I
(488-531) warmatebas aRwevs bizantiasTan
brZolaSi. `am warmatebis uSualo Sede-
gia 506 wlis dvinis saeklesio kreba da
monofizitobis gamarjveba kavkasiaSi~.86
zemoT moyvanilidan Cans, rom z. aleq-
siZis Tanaxmad, dvinis saeklesio krebam
marTalia, miiRo Semrigebluri platforma
(`henotikoni~), magram mainc igi monofiz-
ituri elferisa yofila.
s. janaSia da sxva qarTveli mec-
nierebi fiqroben, rom dvinis krebam
safuZveli daudo monofizitobis aRi-
arebas kavkasiur eklesiebSi.
ZvelqarTul saeklesio istoriogra-
fias am sakiTxze Tavisi Sexeduleba hqon-
da. kerZod, igi Tvlida, rom somxuri
eklesia monofizituri gaxda somxeTSi
55 1-554 wlebSi Catarebul krebaTa
Semdgom, ris gamoc igi gaZevebul iqna
msoflio marTlmadidebluri saeklesio
sferodan. iqamde ki (e.i. 551/4 wlebam-
de), somxuri eklesia msoflio eklesi-
is nawils Seadgenda. es Tvalsazrisi
gansakuTrebiT kargad aqvs gadmocemuli
342 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
arsen safarels Tavis wignSi `ganyofi-
saTvis somexTa da qarTvelTa~.
somxuri wyaros Tanaxmad ki, qarTul-
ma eklesiam swored 506 wlis dvinis
krebaze miiRo monofizituri platfor-
ma. epistoleTa wignSi moxseniebulia 506
wlis krebis monawile qarTveli kaTa-
likosisa da episkoposTa saxelebi: `1.
gabriel episkoposi mcxeTisa saxelo-
vani; 2. palgen episkoposi sefesaxlisa;
3. elifas episkoposi samuriali; 4. sam-
uel episkoposi tumasueli; 5. daviT
episkoposi bolnisisa; 6. iakob episko-
posi ortavisa; 7. stefanoz episkoposi
rusTavisa; 8. sahak episkoposi tfilisi-
sa; 9. elages episkoposi manglisisa;
10. enes episkoposi marueli; 11. evgenes
episkoposi samTaveli; 12. ioseb episko-
posi adsueli; 13. iovan episkoposi
sarusTieli; 14. ioseb episkoposi kux-
ordosi; 15. ezras episkoposi kisdadisa;
16. enuq episkoposi wilknisa; 17. ioseb
episkoposi midamili; 18. lazar episko-
posi boldbili; 19. Teodoros episko-
posi forTis; 20. zaqaria episkoposi
kasdreli; 21. fokas episkoposi tser-
mili; 22. isaak episkoposi qunanakerti-
sa; 23. Toma episkoposi tarsisa; 24. es-
tgen episkoposi qorzonisa. es netari
episkoposebi, romlebic Tqveni qveynidan
iyvnen , albanelebTan da sivnielebTan
erTad somxeTSi Seiyarnen babgen somex-
Ta kaTalikosis dros im krebaze, romelzec
daiwyevla maTTgan erTobiT qalkedonis
kreba da leonis tomari~.87
kirion kaTalikosi VII s-is dasawyisSi
ar daeTanxma abraam somexTa kaTalikoss,
TiTqosda gabriel qarTvelTa kaTaliko-
si da misi 23 episkoposi monofizitobas
uWerdnen mxars, piriqiT, kirioni werda,
rom mis dromde da mis drosac qarTvelebs
aqvT is sarwmunoeba, romelic mociqulebma
iqadages da romelsac ierusalimis sarw-
munoeba ewodeba, radganac naTqvamia, `sju-
li sionidan gamova~.88
sxvaTa Soris, gansakuTrebiTaa aR-
saniSnavi, rom XI s-Sic berZnebTan moka-
maTe giorgi mTawmidelic amtkicebda,
rom qarTvelebs mtkiced upyriaT da
adrec epyraT is sarwmunoeba, romelic
mociqulebisagan miiRes: `wmidaTa mo-
ciqulTa ganaTlebulni varT da radgan
erTi RmerTi gvicnobies arRara uar-
gviyvies da arca odes wvalebisa mimarT
midrekil ars naTesavi Cveni... amas safuZ-
velsa zeda marTlmadideblobisasa da
mcnebaTa da qadagebaTa zeda wmidaTa
maT mociqulTa mtkice varT~.89
rogorc aRiniSna, ZvelqarTuli saek-
lesio istoriografia miiCnevda, rom somx-
ebma monofizituri sarwmunoeba daufara-
vad miiRes ara 506 wels, dvinis krebis
dros, aramed 551/4 wlebis krebaTa Sem-
deg, maSasadame, kirions hqonda safuZve-
li, roca ar eTanxmeboda abraam somexTa
kaTalikoss 506 wlidan monofizitobis
miRebis Sesaxeb. amasve eTanxmeba axali
gamokvlevebic, romlebic, rogorc aRin-
iSna, miuTiTebs, rom 506 wels miRebul
iqna henotikoni da ara monofizitoba,
Tumca isicaa aRsaniSnavi, rom somxuri
eklesia Tavidanve midrekili iyo monofiz-
itobisaken, qarTuli ki piriqiT, qalke-
donis krebas uWerda mxars, amitomac
iqca qalkedonitoba qarTvelTa erovnul
sarwmunoebad.
miuxedavad amisa, isic unda aRiniS-
nos, rom amierkavkasiis qveyanaTa mpyro-
87 epistoleTa wigni, 1968, gv. 98; 88 iqve, gv. 99; 89 giorgi mcire, cxovrebai giorgi mTawmindelisai,Zegl. II, gv. 154.
343saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
beli iranis saxelmwifo gansakuTrebu-
lad uWerda mxars somxur eklesias,
axdenda zegavlenas, raTa somxeTs mie-
Ro is sarwmunoebrivi mimarTuleba,
romelsac devnida bizantia, anu maSin,
roca bizantia gamokveTilad uWerda mxars
q alkedon itobas , somxur e klesias
monofizituri platforma unda mieRo.
ase iyo realurad.
dvinis krebaze damswre zemoT CamoTv-
lili episkoposTa saxelebi droTa vi-
TarebaSi gadamwerTa da mTargmnelTa mier
damaxinjebula. ukve VII s-is dasawyis-
Si zogierTi saxelis amocnoba Wirda,
miT umetes, rom cnoba maT Sesaxeb
berZnulidan uTargmniaT somxur enaze,
radganac somxuri dedani dakargula,
magram abraam somexTa episkoposis TqmiT,
arsebula qarTuli dedanic, romlis
mixedviTac kirions SeeZlo mcdarad daw-
erili saxelebis aRdgena.
m. brose cdila aRedgina zogierTi
saepiskoposos saxeli. magaliTad, `for-
Tis~ episkoposi savaraudod miuCnevia
foTis episkoposad, timuel - Tmogve-
lad da ase Semdeg.90 p. ingoroyva `for-
Tis~ saepiskoposos mesxeTSi aTavsebda.
`rogorc teqstidan Cans, episkopos-
Ta saxelebi metad damaxinjebula, qve-
moT movitanT iv. javaxiSvilis, k. kekel-
iZisa da s. kakabaZis cdebs siis aRd-
genisa... iv. javaxiSvili:91 mcxeTis, samefo
saxlis, asureTis, Tmogveli? (dmaneli?),
bolneli, curtaveli, rusTavis, Tbili-
sis, mangleli, mroveli, samTavneli,
aZveli? wyarosTaveli, kumurdoeli, gi-
Sisa? wilkneli? bodbeli, bortis, kars-
nis, xunanis, tarsis? da qorbanisa (qor-
janisa?). s. kakabaZe :92 mcxeTis, mefis
karis, samTavreli. dmaneli, bolneli,
curtavis, rusTavis, Tbilisis, mangli-
sis, mrov eli, samTavisis, awyveris,
wyarosTav eli, kumurdoeli, axizis,
wilkneli, ninowmindeli, bodbeli, ber-
Tas (CeleTi), kawareli, Weremi, xunanis,
tisus? xoranTa (xornabuji). k. kekel-
iZe:93 mcxeTis, mefis karis, samTavro,
dmaneli, curtavi, rusTavi, mroveli,
awyvereli, wyarosTaveli, kumurdo, ax-
iza, ninowmida//berTa, kawareTi, Werme-
li, xunani, niqozi? qorzanene (xoran-
Ta, xornabuji)~.94
misaRebia m. broses varaudi imis
Sesaxeb, rom epistoleTa wignis `for-
Tis saepiskoposo~ igive foTis saepisko-
posoa. am varauds mxars uWers somxuri
wyaroebis cnoba, romlis mixedviTac
kirioni `winandel wesTa~ Tanaxmad, VI
s-is meore naxevarSi arCeul iqna ara
marto kaTalikosad, aramed egrisis ar-
qiepiskoposad da mas foTis mitropol-
itadac miiCneven. meore mxriv, arsebobs
VI s-is berZeni istorikosis prokofi
kesarielis cnoba, romelic wers, rom
dasavleT saqarTvelos qristianebi emor-
Cilebian `kaTalikoss~, kaTalikosi im
droisaTvis ijda ara dasavleT saqar-
TveloSi, aramed mcxeTaSi, Tu kirioni
VI s-is bolos `winandel wesTa~ Tanax-
mad dadgenil iqna `egrisis arqiepisko-
posad~ da foTis mitropolitad. sruliad
SesaZlebelia, rom mcxeTis kaTalikoss
VI s-is dasawyisSi dvinis krebis droi-
saTvis foTSi hyoloda Tavisi episkopo-
si , romelsac `forTis~ e piskoposs
uwodebda epistoleTa wigni.
prokofi kesarieli wers: `qristian-
Ta mRvdelmTavarsac kaTalikoss uwode-
90 epistoleTa wigni, z. aleqsiZis komentari, gv. 161; 91 qarTveli eris istoria, I, gv. 300; 92
saistorio moambe, I, gv . 50-53; 93 kanonikuri wyobileba, gv. 320; 94 epistoleTa wigni, z. aleqsiZiskomentari, gv. 161;
344 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ben elinTa eniT, radgan is erTi ga-
nagebs aqaur soflebs~,95 Tumca Zneli
gasagebia, am `soflis~ qveS dasavleT
saqarTvelos gulisxmobs Tu somxeTs,
Tumca kirionis ̀ egrisis arqiepiskoposad~
dadgenis Sesaxeb cnoba ueWvelia. z.
aleqsiZis daskvniT, `yoveli qarTlis~
kaTalikosi kirioni lazikis mitropoli-
tis xels iTavsebda~.96
somexi istorikosis ioane drasx-
anakertelis cnobiT, somexma kaTaliko-
sma `xeli daasxa wmida kaTolike (sakre-
bulo) eklesiis uxucess kirions qarT-
lis samwysos, gugarqis da egrisis ar-
qiepiskoposad.97
epistoleTa wignSi aseve naxsenebia
`sefesaxlis episkoposi~, romelsac
`samTavro saxlis~ episkoposs uwodebs
zogierTi mkvle vari , e s unda iyos
samTavros episkoposi. rogorc Cans, si-
tyva `samTavro~ somxurad uTargmniaT
pirdapiri gagebiT, rogorc `mTavrobis
saxlis~, anda `sefesaxlis~ episkoposi.
aRsaniSnavia, rom samTavroeli episko-
posi, romelic mcxeTaSi ijda da, rogorc
Cans, marTlac mTavarTa saxlis, anu
`erismTavarTa~ saxlis episkoposi iyo,
Tavis samwysoSi aerTianebda dasavleT
saqarTvelos qristianebsac. vaxuStis
cnobiT, mcxeTeli episkoposis samwyso-
Si Sedioda dasavleT saqarTvelos e.w.
samoqalaqo, xoni. vaxuSti werda: `ars
xons eklesia didi, gumbaTiani, Suenieri
nagebi, zis episkoposi, mwyemsi vakisa.
es iyo erTobasa Sina qarTlis mTavar-
episkopozisa. Semdgomad ganyofisa gasves
aqa episkoposi~.98 qarTlis mTavarepisko-
posis tituli kaTalikosobis dawyebis
Semdeg darCa mcxeTaSi mjdom samTavros
episkoposs. rogorc Cans, `erTobasa Sina
qarTlis mTavarepiskoposisasa~ vaxuSti
uwodebs xanas afxazeTis sakaTaliko-
sos daarsebamde, e.i. VIII s-mde. rogorc
Cans, qarTlis kaTalikosis samwysoSi Se-
maval samTavroel episkoposs dasavleT
saqarTveloSi `vake~ da xoni eqvemde-
bareboda VI s-Si, radgan VII s-is 20-
iani wlebidan, herakle keisris laSqro-
bis Semdeg, dasavleT saqarTvelos erTi
nawili Tavis iurisdiqciaSi Seiyvana kon-
stantinopolis sapatriarqom. aRsaniS-
navia, rom mTeli dasavleT saqarTvelo
(md. egriswylamde da klisuramde) da
aseve kaxeTi samefo mamulebs (domens)
warmoadgenda. es kargad Cans `qarTlis
cxovrebidan~, _ erismTavar (`mefe~) ar-
Cil mefes miris sikvdilis Semdeg mTe-
li dasavleT saqarTvelo gadaecema,
rogorc `sauxuceso~ teritoria. aqedan
gadasuli arCili Tav issav e mamuls
afarebs Tavs kaxeTSi. safiqrebelia, rom
samefo domenebi kaxeTi da dasavleT
saqarTvelo eklesiurad samTavro sax-
ls, anu samTavros episkoposs eqvemde-
bareobda.
s. kakabaZis da sxvaTa cnobiT, somx-
ur-qarTuli `erTobis~ kreba Sedga ara
506 wels, aramed 522 wels. zogierTi
monacemebi aseT Tvalsazriss mxars uW-
ers. rogorc Cans, Catarda orive kreba.
506 wels sparselTa nebiT Seikra somx-
ur-qarTul-albanuri saeklesio kavSiri
somxuri eklesiis hegemonobiT, xolo 522
wels, roca sparseTma fexi kargad moiki-
da amierkavkasiaSi, Sedga kreba monofiz-
ituri elferisa. 87 wlis Semdeg, `epis-
toleTa wignis~ cnobiT, kirioni ganud-
ga somex kaTalikoss, e.i. 608-609 wlebSi.
95 georgika, 2, 1965, gv. 88; 96 epistoleTa wigni, gv. 196; 97 i. drasxanakerteli, somxeTis istoria,gv. 10; 98 qarTlis cxovreba, IV, 1973, gv. 750.
345saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
540-ian wlebSi sparsTa Zlieri agresiis
dros, roca isini dasavleT saqarTvelos
xelSi Casagdebad ibrZodnen, saqarTveloSi
gaZlierda monofizituri propaganda,
romelTanac sabrZolvelad saqarTvelo-
Si Camovidnen asureli mamebi. maTi Tav-
dadebuli Rvawlis Sedegad, ukve 551-554
wlebSi Catarebuli somxuri eklesiis kre-
bis gadawyvetileba uaryo qarTulma ek-
lesiam. am wlebSi Semdgarma somxurma
saeklesio krebam aSkarad ganacxada Tavisi
monofizituri mrwamsis Sesaxeb, es qar-
Tulma eklesiam miiCnia miuReblad da
msoflio eklesiis winaaRmdeg mimarTul
qmedebad. amitomac ar daiWira somxuri
eklesiis mxare.99 570-ian wlebSi, asure-
li mamebis Camosvlidan 20-30 wlis Sem-
deg, qarTuli eklesia qalkedonitobas
daufaravad uWerda mxars, aseve iyo VI
s-is 90-ian wlebSic, 508-509 wlebSi
kirionma gawyvita kavSiri somxur monofiz-
itur eklesiasTan, magram amiT ar damTavre-
bula somxuri eklesiis mcdeloba, hege-
monoba moepovebina amierkavkasiaSi. mas
mxars uWerda sparseTis saxelmwifo. am-
itomac, daaxloebiT 614 wels Sedga e.w.
`sparsuli kreba~. krebis dadgenilebis
safuZvelze sparseTis mefem xosrom gas-
ca brZaneba: `yvela Cemma qveSevrdomma
qristianma unda miiRos somxuri sarwmu-
noeba~.100 qarTlisa da sparseTis sxva
imperiaSi Semavali qveynebis eklesiaTa
meTaurebi da episkoposebi `aiZula SeCue-
nebad kreba xalkidonisa, anu warsvla
muniT~.101 z. aleqsiZis azriT, 614 wlis
krebis gadawyvetileba uaryo kirionma da
miatova mcxeTis kaTalikosis taxti, igi
gadavida Tavissave samwysoSi dasavleT
saqarTveloSi. `kirioni yofila lazikis
mitropoliti da 616 wels qarTlidan
gadaxvewila~.102 aqedan Cans, rom qarTul
eklesiaze somxur eklesias sparselTa
nebiT hegemonoba moupovebia. sparseTis
saxelmwifos damarcxebis Semdeg herak-
le keisarma VII s-is 20-ian wlebSi e.w.
unia Sekra somxur eklesiasTan. som-
xuri eklesiis mimxroba herakle keisa-
risTvis udides warmatebas warmoadgen-
da, radganac somxur eklesias didi av-
toriteti da gavlena hqonda mopovebu-
li amierkavkasiasa da aRmosavleT sam-
yaroSi. amasTanave, isicaa aRsaniSnavi,
rom somxuri eklesia Tavis erovnul
xasiaTs ufro met mniSvnelobas aniWeb-
da, vidre sarwmunoebriv orientacias.
magaliTad, somxur eklesiaSi VII s-Si
Zlieri iyo rogorc monofizituri, ise
qalkedonituri frTa. erT periodSi som-
xuri eklesia orad iyo gayofili, qalke-
donit da monofitiz somxebs TavianTi
kaTalikosebi hyavdaT. Semdeg es eklesia
gaerTianda, magram somxuri qalkedoni-
turi da somxuri monofizituri eklesiebi
erTmaneTSi Tanaarsebobdnen somxuri er-
Tiani erovnuli eklesiis saxiT. VII s-
Si sakaTalikoso taxtze adiodnen rogorc
qalkedoniti, ise monofiziti kaTali-
kosebi. somxuri qalkedonituri frTa
im droisaTvis mdebareobda bizantiur
mxaris (somxeTis dasavleTiT) - tao-
klarjeTis mezoblad, xolo somxuri
monofizituri eklesia ki mdebareobda
qvemo qarTlisa da hereTis mezoblad.
am mezoblobam Zlieri daRi daasva sa-
qarTvelos kuTxeTa istoriul beds. ar-
abTa mpyrobelobis dros, saqarTveloSi
moSlili iyo saxelmwifoebrioba, mxo-
lod mogvianebiT Seiqmna tao-klarjeTis,
99 a. jafariZe, saqarTvelis samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. I, gv. 428; 100 epistoleTa wigni, z.aleqsiZis komentari, gv. 197; 101 qronikebi, I, gv. 340; 102 epistoleTa wigni, gv. 198.
346 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
kaxeT-hereTisa da afxazeTis samefoebi,
iqamde ki VI s-dan rogorc tao, ise
hereTi somxurma eklesiam moaqcia Tavi-
si iurisdiqciis sferoSi. taosa da here-
Tis qarTveloba gadaiqca somxuri ek-
lesiis mrevlad, igive bedi ewia mTel
samxreT saqarTvelos qarTvelobas, oRond
erTi didi ganmasxvavebeli niSniT - tao
da samxreT-dasavleTis qarTveloba Se-
dioda somxuri qalkedonituri eklesi-
is iurisdiqciaSi, hereTi da samxreT-
aRmosavleTis qarTveloba Sedioda somx-
ur-monofizituri eklesiis iurisdiqci-
is sferoSi. rogorc taos, ise hereTisa
da mTeli samxreT saqarTvelos qarTu-
li eklesiebidan ganidevna qarTuleno-
vani RvTismsaxureba da dainerga somx-
urenovani RvTismsaxureba. aRsaniSnavia,
rom VI s-is dasawyisSi qvemo qarTlSi
wmida SuSanikis saflavze agebul ekle-
siaSi, Semdgom ki curtavsa da gugar-
qis mraval eklesiaSi, qarTvel mrevls
daunerges somxurenovani RvTismsaxure-
ba. es wesi kirion kaTalikosma moSala
da qarTul mrevls kvlav aRudgina qarTu-
lenovani msaxureba, magram, rogorc aRin-
iSna, somxebma kirioni gaaZeves qarTlis
sakaTalikoso taxtidan, ris Semdegac,
cxadia, albaT, kvlav dauweses qvemo
qarTlis qarTvelobas somxurenovani
RvTismsaxureba. igive bedi ewia, rogorc
iTqva, taos, hereTsa da samxreT saqarTve-
los qarTvelebs VII s-Si. hereTma mxo-
lod X s-Si SeZlo gadaegdo aramSob-
liuri monofizituri eklesiis uReli
da daubrunda qarTul dedaeklesias.
xolo tao-klarjeTis qarTveloba six-
aruliT daubrunda qarTul dedaekle-
sias IX-X ss-Si, iq, tao-klarjeTis e.w.
`qarTvelTa samefos~ aRdgenis Semdgom.
cxadia, somxuri eklesiis wiaRSi yof-
nam Tavisi kvali daamCnia taos, klar-
jeTs, mTel samxreT saqarTvelos, here-
Tis qarTul mosaxleobas, maT SeiTvis-
es somxuri enis elementebi, gaecnen somx-
ur Sesabamis qalkedonitur Tu monofiz-
itur kulturas da sxv. uTuod es iyo
sababi imisa, rom X s-is bolosa da XI
s-is dasawyisSi bizantia-saqarTvelos
omis dros b erZn ebma eWv i Se itan es
qarTvelebis marTlmadideblobaSi. anti-
oqiis patriarqs XI s-is dasawyisSi svi-
mon wmidas berebma moaxsenes maT monas-
terSi myofi qarTveli berebis Sesaxeb:
`ara uwyiT Tu qarTvelni arian, anu
somexni da verca xucesi maTi Jamsa wi-
ravs monastersa Sina Cuensa. xolo ese
marTali Tques, rameTu vidre aqamomde
mravliT JamiTgan qarTveli xucesi svim-
eon-wmidas Jamsa ver wirvida amis mizez-
isaTvis, rameTu romelsame Jamsa sof-
luri vinme xucesi axlad Camosuli
wmidisa svimeonis suetsa zeda gamos-
rul iyo Jamis wirvad qalamniTa da
sabeWuriTa Tvinier samRvdeloAsa Sesa-
moslis. viTarc iyo pirvelad wesi Cue-
ni da amisTvis ara uteobdes qarTulsa
xucessa Jamiswirvad~, 103 e.i. berZnebi
qarTvel berebs wirvis Catarebis nebas
ar rTavdnen svimeon wmidaSi, radganac
isini samRvdelo Sesamoslis gareSe ata-
rebdnen wirvas, aseTi praqtika ki jer
kidev e.w. trulis krebam akrZala da
somxeTSi arsebuli mwvaleblobis erT-
erT saxed miiCnia. amitomac Ciodnen
berZnebi antioqiel patriarqTan qarTve-
li berebis (Cans, samxreT saqarTvelo-
dan CasulTa) Sesaxeb: `ver gavigeT qar-
Tvelebi arian Tu somxebi, Tumca ki qar-
Tvelebs uwodeben TavianT Tavs~. maSas-
103 giorgi mcire, `cxovrebai giorgi mTawmidelisai~, Z egl. II , gv. 150;
347saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
adame, samxreT saqarTvelos qarTvelma
qristianebma da samRvdeloebamac SeiTvis-
es is wesebi, romelic somxur eklesia-
Si iyo miRebuli maTi qveynis somxuri
eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi yofnisas. amit-
om Cioda giorgi mcire: Cven marTlma-
dideblebi varT, magram berZnebi cdi-
lobdnen `raTa wmidasa amas da marTal-
sa sarwmunoebasa Cvensa biwi raime daswa-
mon~.104 aseve mwvaleblobaSi dades bra-
li mTawmidis qarTvel berebsac XI s-is
pirvel naxevarSi. am SemTxvevaSi berZneb-
isaTvis sababi is yofila, rom maT Se-
umCneviaT qarTuli wmida werilis somx-
uri redaqciebis mixedviT redaqtireba.
amaSic eTanxmeba giorgi mcire berZnebs
da ambobs: `egreTve daRacaTu pirveliT-
ganve guqondes werilnica da sarwmunoe-
ba WeSmariti da marTali, garna qveyana
Cveni Sors iyo qveyanisagan saberZneTisa
da viTarca Teslni arawmidani Soris Cvensa
daTesul iyvnes borotni igi Teslni somex-
Tani, gularZnilni da manqanani da amis
mier friad gvevneboda, rameTu naTesavi
Cveni wrfeli iyo da umanko, xolo igini
reca mizeziTa wesierebisaATa, reca cdune-
bad gvazmnobdes da romelnime wignica
guqondes maTgan Targmnili~.105
giorgi mcire exe ba im sakiTxs,
romelic Cven zemoT ganvixileT, ker-
Zod, Tavdapirvelad qarTvelebs gvqonda
wmida werilis berZnuli enidan kargad
gadmoRebuli Targmanebi (Cans IV-V ss-
Si), Semdgom saberZneTisagan gangvaSora
sparseTis saxelmwifom, VI-VIII ss-Si
`viTarca Teslni arawmidani Soris Cven-
sa daTesul iyvnes borotni Teslni
somexTani, gularZnilni da manqanani da
amis mier friad gvevneboda~, kerZod,
somexma sasuliero pirebma xan `wesi-
erebis momizezebiT~, xanac ki Cvens sac-
duneblad qarTuli wmida werilis re-
daqtireba SeZles ukve somxuri enidan
da zogierTi saeklesio wignic iTargm-
na somxuridan . am mdgomareobis gamos-
woreba daiwyo ukve VIII ss-dan da mim-
dinareobda XI s-is meore naxevramde.
gansakuTrebiT iRvawes eqvTime da giorgi
mTawmidelebma, pirvelma `zemoxsenebu-
li RvarZlisagan sruliad ganwminda
mravlad TargmanebiTa wmidaTa werilTaA-
Ta~.106 giorgi mcires eqvTime mTawmide-
lis udides damsaxurebad miaCnia somx-
uri ̀ RvarZlisagan~ qarTuli wmida wer-
ilis ganwmeda misi SejerebiT berZnul
redaqciebTan. igive samuSao Cautare-
bia giorgi mTawmidelsac, romelmac zo-
gierTi qarTuli wigni `odesme Targm-
nilni da wuT ver keTilad gamoRe-
bulni, gina Tu Jamsa sigrZiTa ucebTa
da ugunurTa mxmarebelTagan dagesle-
bulni, viTarca vTqviT, brZmedsa mas
Sina wmidisa mis gonebisa Tvisisasa
gamoadvna da gamoaxurva~.107
`ugunur mxmarebelTagan dageslebul~
wigne bSi Se iZle ba igulisxme bodes
`pirveliTgan~ marTlad Targmnili wmida
werilis somxur redaqciebTan Sejereba.
rogorc iTqva, IX-X ss-Si samxreT
saqarTvelosa da hereTis qarTveloba
daubrunda qarTuli dedaeklesiis wiaRs.
es iyo didZali mosaxleoba. iqamde,
somxuri eklesiis iurisdiqciaSi yofnis
dros am qarTvelTa yovelTvis hqondaT
udidesi miswrafeba dabrunebodnen Tavis
erovnul eklesias, xelsayreli poli-
tikuri viTarebisTanave es udidesi ode-
noba qarTvelebisa sixaruliT SeuerTda
104 giorgi mcire, `cxovrebai giorgi mTawmidelisai~, Zegl. II, gv. 149; 105 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuliliteraturis Zeglebi, 1967, gv. 123; 106 iqve , gv. 124; 107 iqve, gv. 146.
348 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
erovnul wiaRs. am dros moxda ara
`somexi qalkedonitebis~ gaqarTveleba,
rogorc warmoudgenia zogierT mecniers,
aramed, piriqiT, iqamde somxuri eklesi-
is samwysodan Tavdaxsnili mosaxleobis
dabruneba Tavis erovnul eklesiaSi.
maSasadame, adgili ar hqonia arc `somex-
Ta~ da arc ̀ her-albanelTa~ gaqarTvele-
bas. herebi (igulisxmeba ara albanele-
bi, aramed kaxeTis momijnave hereTis
mosaxleoba) imTaviTve qarTvelebi iyvnen,
magram mxolod `somxurenovanni~ saek-
lesio TvalsazrisiT, rogorc taoeli
qarTvelebi. es qarTveloba dedaeklesi-
is wiaRSi dabrunebisas inaTleboda kidec,
radgan qarTul eklesiaSi miRebuli we-
sis Tanaxmad, somxuri eklesiis yofil
wevrTa monaTvla aucilebeli iyo. ase
moinaTla `gvirpeli~ aTonis lavraSi.
igi am monaTvliT ki ar `gaqarTvelda~,
rogorc miaCnia zogierT mkvlevars,
aramed igi, iqamdec erovnebiT qarTve-
li, Sevida erovnuli eklesiis wiaRSi.
grigol bakurianis Ze petriwonis mo-
nastris tipikonSi wers: `vinaica mene-
bos, naTesavTa CemTa da msaxurTa CemTa,
daRacaTu somexni iyvnen sarwmunoebi-
Ta~.108 gasagebia, rom grigol bakurianis
Zes, rogorc taoel didebuls, Sesa-
Zloa hyoloda `sarwmunoebiT somexi~
naTesavebi da msaxurebic, radgan, rogorc
vTqviT, taos mkvidri qarTveloba sauku-
neTa manZilze somxuri eklesiis mrevls
warmoadgenda, maT amitom miiRes `somx-
uri sarwmunoeba~, magram isini `naTe-
saviT~, gvartomobiT qarTvelebi iyvnen.
`qarTvelni varT naTesaviT mxneni da
mxedrobiT aRzrdilni~; `monazonni mo-
nastrisa Cemisni guarad (e.i. gvar-to-
miT) qarTvelni arian~ da sxva msgavss
werda grigol bakurianis Ze. es `sarw-
munoebiT somexi~, xolo `naTesaviT~,
gvariT, warmomavlobiT qarTv elebi
daubrundnen samSoblo ersa da ekle-
sias. ase rom, IX-XI ss-Si ar hqonia
adgili araviTar `gaqarTvelebas~. piri-
qiT, saerTaSoriso araxelsayreli vi-
Tarebis gamo, TiTqmis 400 wlis man-
Zilze, VI-X ss-Si, amierkavkasiis mas-
StabiT im droisaTvis uZlieresma somexTa
eklesiam SeZlo qarTvelebis erTi nawi-
lis moqceva somxuri eklesiis wiaRSi.
amas saTave daedo dvinis 506 wlis kre-
bis Semdeg. sabednierod, qarTulma ek-
lesiam moipova Zala RvTis SewevniT da
SeZlo Tavisi mrevlis erovnuli da fiz-
ikuri gadarCena.
VI s-is damdegs, siriuli wyaros
cnobiT, qarTlis samefoSi iyo 33 episko-
posi, xolo VII s-is damdegs (608 wels)
_ 35. dvinis 506 wlis saeklesio krebas
SeeZlo udidesi uaryofiTi zegavlena moex-
dina qarTuli eklesiis Semdgom cxovreba-
ze, qarTveli episkoposebi maRal sulier
simaRleze rom ar aRmoCeniliyvnen. maT
qarTvel ers SeunarCunes mociqulTagan
miRebuli marTlmadidebloba.
sabolood, rogorc zemoT aRiniSna,
dvinis saeklesio krebam, romelSic 24
qarTveli episkoposi monawileobda, war-
moaCina qarTuli eklesiis TavisTavado-
ba da TviTmyofadoba.
108 petriwonis monastris tipikoni, Tavi 35, muxli 11, a.SaniZe, Txzulebani, t. 11, 1986, 118.
349saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mcxeTis krebebi (VII s-is dasawyisSi)
VII s-is pirvel naxevarSi qarTlis
mTavrad wodebulma stefanoz adarnases
Ze farnavazian-xosroianma qalkedonuri
aRmsareblobis erTgulma da `sjulis
ganmwmedelma~ axlad aSenebuli mcxe-
Tis jvris taZris galavanSi aaSena dar-
bazebi da brZana: ̀ kreba yovelTa paraskev-
Ta da mun Sekrbian yovelni episkoposni
da mRvdelni mis adgilisa da arisani
kaTalikosis Tana, winaSe patiosnisa jua-
risa, viTarca didi paraskevi. xolo
sakaTalikososa arian krebani yovelTa
xuTSabaTTa da adidian wmida sioni, vi-
Tarca didsa xuTSabaTsa, saidumlosa
Tana xorciTa da sisxliTa qristesiTa,
xolo mcxeTas saepiskopososa arn yovel-
Ta samSabaTTa kreba da xseneba pirvel
mowamis stefanesi da yovelTa mowame-
Ta, didisa misgan Zlierebisa sparsTasa,
romel wamebul iyvnes da abibos nekre-
sel episkoposis dResaswaulsa missa
ufros yovelTa dResaswaulTasa Sekrbian
da adidebdian RmerTsa~.109
esaa uZvelesi da ueWveli cnoba
saqarTveloSi saeklesio krebaTa Sesax-
eb. masSi daculia iseTi faqtebi, romelT-
ac arabTa Semosevebis Semdgom aRar hqon-
da simZafre. kerZod, aq aris ganzogade-
buli erToblivi xseneba sparsTa `didi
Zliereb is~ dros sarwmunoeb isaTvis
Tavdadebul mowameebisa. arabTa Semoseve-
bisas imdeni axali mowame gaCnda, rom
qarTuli eklesia sparsTa Zlierebis dros
gaCenil mowameTa erT romelime dRes
saerTo xsenebas aRar aRniSnavda. aseve
es aris cnoba, rom mcxeTaSi `saepisko-
poso samarxavSi~ dakrZaluli abibos
nekreselis xseneba yvelaze ufro didi
dResaswauli iyo, rac, albaT, asec iyo
VII s-is dasawyisSi. ase rom, cnobebi
u e W v el i a d a mo T x ro b il i a m b i s
Tanadroulia.
109 qarTlis cxovreba, t. I , 1955, gv. 228-229; 110 qarTlis cxovreba, t. I , gv. 229.
350 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
matianes mowmobiT, aRniSnul sauku-
neSi saeklesio krebebi imarTeboda episko-
posebisa da samRvdeloebis monawileo-
biT mcxeTis jvris taZarTan (yovel
paraskevs). yovel xuTSabaTs saeklesio
krebebi imarTeboda sveticxovelSi da
yovel samSabaTs _ samTavros taZarSi.
es saeklesio krebebi, cxadia, ar iyo
sruliad qarTuli eklesiis kreba, ma-
gram masSi monawileobda qarTuli ek-
lesiis umTavresi birTvi - kaTalikosi
da `yovelni episkoposni da mRvdelni
mis adgilisa da arisani kaTalikosis
Tana~.110 maSasadame, kaTalikosTan erTad
mon awileobda mcxeTeli e piskoposi,
romelsac `mTavarepiskoposis~ wodeba
hqonda, xolo rezidencia samTavroSi,
albaT, wilkneli episkoposi da axlo
mdebare eparqiaTa episkoposebi, yovel
SemTxvevaSi ara erTi, aramed ramdenime
episkoposi. rogorc cnobilia, VI s-is
dasawyisSi qarTlis sakaTalikosoSi 35
episkoposi iyo. aqedan, albaT, kaTali-
kosis karze yoveldRiurad ramdenime
mainc imyofeboda. Cveni fiqriT, yovel
paraskevs, yovel xuTSabaTsa da yovel
samSabaTs gamarTul mcxeTis krebebze
monawileobas iRebda qarTuli eklesiis
mmarTveloba, SeiZleba mas sinodis krebe-
bic vuwodoT. rogorc moyvanili cno-
bidan Cans, es krebebi ar moicavda mxo-
lod sxdomebs, aramed mas Tan erTvoda,
rac zogjer umTavresi momenti iyo, wirva,
locvebi, xalxis dalocva da sxva saek-
lesio saqmianoba.
swored mcxeTis am krebebma, uaq-
tiuresma saeklesio saqmianobam, Seunar-
Cuna saeklesio dedaq alaqis saxeli
mcxeTas Semdgom saukuneebSi, im dro-
sac ki, roca Semdeg arabTa Semoseve-
bis gamo igi, faqtobrivad, dangreuli
iyo da dakarguli hqonda funqciuri
datvirTva. rogorc Cans, arabTa da
Turq-seljukTa Semosevebisas saekle-
sio krebeb i dedaq alaq mcxeTaSi ki
aRar imarTeboda, aramed, magaliTad,
javaxeTSi, RrtilaSi, quTaisSi da sxva-
gan. mxolod XI s-Si saqarTvelos gaer-
Tianebis Semdeg daibruna mcxeTam Zve-
li drois sidiade.
351saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
antioqiis I saeklesio kreba (VIII s-is 50-iani wlebi)
qvemo iberiis, anu afxazeTis sakaTalikosos Camoyalibeba
msoflio qristianobis erT-erT
udides dedaqalaq antioqiaSi, cxadia,
mravali saeklesio kreba Catarda sauku-
neTa manZilze, magram Cveni gansaxilve-
li TemisaTvis sainteresoa antioqiis
is krebeb i, romlebzedac ganixiles
qarTuli eklesiis sakiTxi. erTi aseTi
kreba Catarebula VIII s-is 50-ian wleb-
Si, mravali istoriuli wyaro da av-
tori miuTiTebs am krebis Sesaxeb. aRniS-
nuli kreba warmoadgens antioqiaSi
qarTuli eklesiis Sesaxeb Catarebul
krebaTagan erT-erT pirvels, amitomac
Cven mas vuwodebT `antioqiis I saekle-
sio krebas~ gansasxvaveblad antioqia-
Sive XI s-is 50-ian wlebSi Catarebuli
krebisagan .
mravali Tanamedrove mecnieri miiC-
nevs antioqias im eklesiad, romelmac
qarTul eklesias avtokefalia mianiWa.
erTni fiqroben, rom es moxda V s-Si
petre fulonis an romelime misi Tana-
mosaydris mier, meoreni uTiTeben VIII
s-is Cvens gansaxilvel krebas, mesameni
ki XI s-is 50-ian wlebs, magram xaz-
gasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom swored
antioqiis patriarqebTan Semdgari
krebebis dros msoflio saeklesio
kanonebis udidesi mcodne wmida gior-
gi mTawmideli ar miiCnevda antioqias
qarTuli eklesiisaTvis dedaeklesiad,
e.i. misi azriT, qarTul eklesias ar
miuRia antioqiisagan avtokefalia da
qarTuli eklesia Tavidanve, mociqul-
Ta droidanve, damoukidebeli iyo, rad-
gan IX-XI ss-Ta saeklesio-samarT-
lebrivi TvalsazrisiT mociqulTa mier
daarsebuli da, saerTod, I-III ss-Si
arsebuli `erovnuli saeklesio Teme-
bi~ erTmaneTisagan damoukidebelni
iyvnen. Tuki qarTuli eklesia daarse-
buli iyo andria pirvelwodebulis an
sxva romelime mociqulis mier, maSin
igi, iseve, rogorc romis imperiasa da
sxva qveynebSi arsebuli eklesiebi,
Tavidanve Tavisufali da avtokefaluri
unda yofiliyo. amis dasamtkiceblad
mxolod imis Secnoba iyo saWiro, iqada-
352 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ga Tu ara saqarTveloSi romelime wmi-
da mociqulma. marTlac, giorgi mTaw-
midelma antioqiis sapatriarqo krebaze
daamtkica, rom saqarTvelo wmida an-
driam gananaTla, maSasadame, igi Tavidanve
samociqulo, e.i. TavisTavadi da avtoke-
faluri eklesia iyo. am mtkicebaTa dros
giorgi mTawmideli gamarjvebuli gamov-
ida, es moxda XI s-is 50-ian wlebSi.
giorgi mTawmidelis am CvenebaTa winaaRm-
deg, TiTqosda, miuTiTebda efrem mcir-
isa da sxvaTa mier moZiebuli cnoba
antioqiis sapatriarqo karze VIII s-is
50-ian wlebSi Catarebuli krebis Sesaxeb,
romelmac ganixila qarTuli eklesiis
sakiTxi da arasruli avtokefalia mi-
aniWa mas. vaxtang goilaZem gamoikvlia,
am dros saqme exeboda ara sruliad
saqarTvelos, anu mcxeTis eklesias,
aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos im nawi-
lis saeklesio beds, romelic VIII s-
saTvis bizantiis imperiis nawils Sead-
genda, eklesiurad konstantinopolis sa-
patriarqosadmi iyo daqvemdebarebuli da
misgan gaTavisuflebas cdilobda.
saqme is aris, rom saeklesio iuris-
diqciis TvalsazrisiT, VII s-is Sem-
deg saqarTvelo or nawilad iyo gay-
ofili. qveynis udides nawils Tavis
iurisdiqciaSi iqvemdebarebda mcxeTis
sakaTalikoso, xolo dasavleT saqarTve-
los zRvispireTi e .w. skanda-Sorapnis
xazamde bizantiis saxelmwifos mier
iyo xeldebuli politikuri mizezebis
gamo. VIII s-Si TandaTanobiT gaerTi-
anda dasavleT saqarTvelo afxazeTis
mTavrebis hegemoniiT, daiwyo fiqri qvey-
nis bizantielTagan gaTavisuflebi-
saTvis. amave dros bizantiaSi aRmocene-
ba iwyo xatmebrZolobis eresma, rom-
lis centrs konstantinopoli war-
mo adge n da . d asavle T saq arTv elos
qarTuli mosaxleoba yovelTvis mtkiced
icavda mociqulTagan miRebul swavle-
bas, maSasadame , misTvis miuRebeli iyo
x at m e b rZ olur i e r e s i . d a s a vl e T
saqarTvelos qarTveli mosaxleoba, cx-
adia, cdilobda rogorme aeridebina sa-
suliero kavSiri xatmebrZolur kon-
stantinopolTan, amasTanave , yvela Zal-
Rones xmarobda nebismieri saeklesio
sakiTxi moegvarebina saeklesio weseb-
is sruli dacviT. dasavleT saqarTve-
los aRniSnuli mosaxleoba cdilobda
kanonikuri kavSiri daemyarebina erTiani
berZnuli eklesiis sxva romelime ara
xatmebrZolur sapatriarqosTan, ker-
Zod ki, antioqiasTan . miT umetes, rom
arabTa Semosevebis gamo, TiTqmis 80
wlis ganmavlobaSi, daaxloebiT 650-
iani wlebidan 730-ian wlebamde, anti-
oqiis patriarqebi konstantinopolSi im-
yofebodnen da ara antioqiaSi.
gansaxilvel krebamde sul ramden-
ime xniT adre, VIII s-is dasawyisSi,
konstantinopolidan dabrunebul ier-
arqs aRudgenia antioqiis sapatriarqo
taxti. ase rom, antioqiis patriarqi im
droisaTvis SesaZlebelia konstantinop-
olis udidesi eklesiis erT-erT naw-
iladac ki yofiliyo miCneuli, oRondac
im gansxvavebiT, rom antioqia icavda
marTlmadideblur sarwmunoebas, xatTay-
vaniscemas uWerda mxars, xolo konstan-
tinopolSi, rogorc aRiniSna, xatme-
brZoluri eresi iyo gabatonebuli. mar-
Tlac, dasavleT saqarTvelos qarTveli
ierarqebi Casulan antioqiaSi saekle-
sio sakiTxebis gadasaWrelad. efrem
mcire wers: `dReTa konstantine skoris
mosaxelisaTa, antioqias patriaqobisa
353saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
n e tari sa T eofilaq tess a , mov id es
qarTliT mociqulad monazonni orni
mouTxres netarsa Teofilaqtes, viTarmed
didsa Wirsa Sina arian qristeaneni
mkvidrni qarTvelTa soflebisani. rameTu
dRiTagan netarisa anastasi mRvdel-mowa-
misa antioqiel patriarqisa ara kurTx-
eul ars maTda kaTalikosi mTavarepisko-
posi siZnelisaTvis gzisa, rameTu agar-
inTagan vervin ikadrebs svlad. xolo
man bWobiTa krebisaTa mTavarepiskopos-
Ta, mitropolitTa da episkoposTa TvisTa
Tana misca qarTvelTa protreptikoni,
romel ars ganxsniTi, raTa TviT maTisa
sazRvris episkoposTagan xelni daesxmo-
dian Jamad-Jamadsa kaTalikossa qarTlisasa,
raica saRmrToman madlman uCvenos maT
da romeli gamoarCion moyvasTa Tavisa
eklesiisaTa... da Seuqmna maT aRweriT mo-
saxsenebeli Tavisa TvisisaTvis da mun
Semokrebulisa krebisaTvis da xelT-
dasxmul yo erTi orTa maT missa mov-
linebulTa monazonTagani saxeliT ioane
mis Jamisa kaTalikosad maTda~.111
rogorc aRiniSna, antioqieli patri-
arqebi arabTa Semosevis gamo aTwleulebis
manZilze konstantinopolSi imyofebod-
nen tridornis RvTismSoblis eklesiaSi.
isini TavianT sicocxleSi antioqiaSi
ar Casulan, VI msoflio krebaze arCeu-
li Teofane antioqieli patriarqis gar-
dacvalebamde. amis Semdeg antioqielma
qristianebma xalifa haSinis (723-743)
nebarTviT aRadgines antioqiis kaTedra112
(Cans, igulisxmeba hiSami).
antioqieli patriarqis Teofilaqtes
dros (744-750 ) antioqiaSi C asul
qarTvelTa saeklesio delegacias miuR-
wevia mieRo arasruli avtokefalia im-
Jamad berZnul eklesiaze daqvemdebare-
buli dasavleT saqarTvelos nawilisaTvis.
v. goilaZem gaarkvia, rom Teofilaqte
antioqielis mier 744-750 wlebSi sa-
qarTvelos kaTalikosad xeldasxmuli
ioane dasavleT saqarTvelos (afxaze-
Tis) pirvel (avtokefalur?) kaTaliko-
sad unda iqnes miCneuli. misi moRvaweo-
ba 744 wlis Semdgom xanaze modis. 113
efremis cnobas ̀ antioqiuri qronogra-
fidan~, romelsac Cvenamde ar mouRwe-
via, imeorebs efremis Tanamedrove da
Tan amoRv awe n ikon Sav mTeli Tavis
`panediqtebSi~. am cnobaSi, rogorc ze-
moT iyo moyvanili, naxsenebia bizantiis
imperatori xatmebrZoli konstantine V
(719-775). igi marTlmadideblebs sZul-
daT da metsaxelic Searqves xatme-
brZolobis gamo _ `funiani~ (mudam sa-
jiniboSi iyo cxenTa siyvarulis gamo),
qarTulad ki Searqves ̀ skore~, rac igive
metsaxelia. am imperatoris dros anti-
oqiaSi `iberiidan~ mosula ori monazo-
ni, Tanaxmad nikon SavmTelisa. nikons
naxsenebi aqvs ara `qarTli~, aramed ̀ ibe-
ria~. efrem mcires, vaxtang goilaZis
gamokvleviT, dauSvia mravali qro-
nologiuri Secdoma qarTuli eklesiis
istoriuli Txrobis gadmocemis dros. 114
Cven ierusalimeli patriarqebis cnobeb-
is analizis safuZvelze SeiZleba vTq-
vaT, rom man Secdoma dauSva saqarTve-
los istoriul geografiaSic. kerZod,
ucxoelebi iberias uwodebdnen ara mxo-
lod aRmosavleT saqarTvelos, aramed
dasavleT saqarTvelosac. xSirad isini
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos ̀ zemo iberias~,
xolo dasavleT saqarTvelos `qvemo ibe-
rias~ uwodebdnen. rogorc nikonis cno-
111 efrem mcire, uwyebai mizezisa qarTvelTa moqcevisasa, 1959, gv. 9 ; 112 Vb[fbk <htr^ CgbcjrFynbj[bbcrb[ gfnhbfh[jd^ Nhels Rbtdcrjq Le[ & Frfltvbb^ 1874^ B.ym^ c& 397-398$ 113 v . goilaZe,qarTuli eklesiis saTave ebTan, 1991, gv. 170; 114 iqve, gv. 155.
354 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
bidan Cans, `antioqiur qronografSi~
ewera, rom antioqiaSi delegacia mivida
`qvemo iberiidan~, anda ubralod `iberi-
idan~, magram igulisxmeboda dasavleT
saqarTvelo. efremma ki sityva `iberia~
Targmna, rogorc ̀ qarTli~. Semdegdroin-
delma istorikosebma, bunebrivia, `qarT-
lis~ q v eS igulisxme s aRmosavleT
saqarTvelo da efrem-nikonis cnoba mcxe-
Tis sakaTalikososadmi mikuTvnebul cno-
bad miiCnies. maSasadame , `antioqiur
qronografSi~ ewera, rom saeklesio del-
egacia antioqiaSi mivida `iberiidan~,
`qvemo iberiidan~. am azris dasadasture-
blad moviyvanoT ierusalimeli patri-
arqe bis: dosiTeosisa da xrisanfis
(qrisanTos) cnobebi. XVII s-is ieru-
salimeli patriarqi dosiTeosi wers: ̀ ibe-
riaSi ori avtokefaluri arqiepiskopo-
sia, romelTac qarTvelebi kaTalikoss
uwodeben. qvemo iberias, romelsac Zve-
lad kolxeTi da lazika erqva, aqvs
eparqiebi imereTSi, guriaSi, samegre-
loSi, afxazeTSi, svaneTsa da mesxe-
Tis nawilSi. es eparqiebi eqvemdebare-
bodnen konstantinopolis saydars fa-
sidis mitropolitis saSualebiT.. . ase
rom, herakles Semdeg lev isavrosamde
qvemo iberia ukve avtokefaluri saar-
qiepiskoposo iyo, magram ar viciT, rome-
li imperatoris dros da romel kre-
baze mianiWes mas avtokefalia. zemo
da qvemo iberias Soris sazRvari aris
qedi, romelic kavkasiis mTebSi iwyeba,
qarTulad qulfargi hqvia, qvemo iveriis
kaTalikosi pativiT ufro metia zemo
iveriis kaTalikosze, radganac is ukve
isavrosis dros 720 wels kaTalikosi
iyo qvemo iberiisa... iberebi qvemo iberi-
is kaTalikoss miiCneven ufros kaTa-
likosad, radganac mefe, e.i. imereTis
Tavi, maTTan iwodeba mTeli iberiis
mefed-mefed. 1 15
meore ierusalimeli patriarqi imave
epoqisa - xrisanfi ambobs: `saqarTvelo-
Si, romelsac adre iberia erqva, iyo
ori avtokefaluri arqiepiskoposi. .. am-
aTgan erTi arqiepiskoposi qvemo iberi-
isa iwodeboda imereTis, oseTis, guri-
is da sruliad qvemo iberiis unetares
kaTalikosad, anu martivad sruliad
iberiis unetares kaTalikosad, rogorc
ufro ufrosi zemo iberiis kaTaliko-
sze, xolo meore, e .i. zemo iberiisa
iwodeboda qarTlis, kaxeTis, alvane-
Tis, sruliad zemo iberiis unetares
kaTalikosad... romeli imperatoris dros
an romel krebaze gaxda is saarqiepisko-
poso, Cven zustad ver davadgineT, ma-
gram 26 ivnisis svinaqsarSi vpoulobT,
rom ioane goTeTis episkoposi xel-
dasxmul iqna iberiis kaTalikosis mier,
radganac qveynebSi batonobda xatme-
brZolTa eresi, ase rom, rogorc Cans,
herakles Semdeg isavramde qvemo iberia
saarqiepiskoposo gaxda~.116
rogorc zemoT moyvanili ierusal-
imeli patriarqebis Txzulebebidan Cans,
dasavleT saqarTvelos marTlac `qvemo
iberias~, anu `iberias~ uwodebdnen her-
akle keisris drosac (e.i. VII s-Si) da
Semdgomac. XVII s-is ierusalimeli pa-
triarqebi xSirad stumrobdnen dasavlET
saqarTvelos eklesias imis gamo, rom im-
ereTis mefeebi qristianebi iyvnen, xolo
im droisaTvis qarTlisa da kaxeTis mefe-
xanebi ki mahmadianebi. imereTis mefes,
sruliad samarTlianad, Tavisi Tavi mi-
115 dosiTeosi, ierusalimeli patriarqebi, Tavi 5, gv. 510, wignidan sardeli mitropoliti maqsimi, qarTulieklesia da misi avtokefalia, `Teologia~, aTeni, 1966 w., rusuli Targmanis gv. 47-48; 116 iqve, gv. 48.
355saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
aCnda Zveli qristiani qarTveli mefeT
mefeebis legitimur memkvidred. amasTa-
nave, imereTis, anu afxazeTis kaTali-
kosebi (mahmadianur uRelqveS moqceuli
qarTl-kaxeTisagan gansxvavebiT) sruli-
ad saqarTvelos (anu iberiis) mTavar-
kaTalikosebad Tvlidnen TavianT Tavs.
maSasadame, aRniSnuli patriarqis dros
swored `qvemo iberiis~, anu dasavleT
saqarTvelos kaTalikosebi miiCnevdnen
sruliad saqarTvelos uzenaes saWeT-
mpyrobelad TavianT Tavs. aseTi tenden-
ciebi SeumCneviaT ierusalimel-antioqiel
patriarqebs da SeutaniaT TavianT Tx-
zulebebSi. XVII s-is ierusalimeli pa-
triarqebi cdilan gaerkviaT, Tu rodis
moipova TavisTavadoba dasavleT saqarTve-
los, anu `qvemo iberiis~ eklesiam da
gaurkveviaT, rom es moxda imperator
herakles Semdeg lev isavrosamde anu
VII-VIII ss-Si. aseTi Zieba qarTulsave
wyaroebSi gaagrZeles SemdgomSi saqar-
TveloSi Camosulma antioqielma patri-
arqebma da sxva aRmosavlelma mRvdel-
mTavrebma da samRvdelo pirebma. magali-
Tad, aseTi iyo antioqieli patriarqi XVII
s-sa makariosi. igi, rogorc sxva misi
Tanamoazreebi, eZiebda, Tu rodis moipova
dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiam Tavisu-
fleba. mis Ziebas warmateba mohyolia (an-
tioqiel-ierusalimeli patriarqebi da sa-
suliero pirebi qarTul wyaroebSi eZebd-
nen saWiro cnobebs, maT mzeWabuk mesxe-
Tis mTavarsac moupoves aseTi cnoba).
patriarqi makariosi werda, rom an-
tioqiel patriarq Teofilaqtes dros,
VIII s-Si, afxazeTis mefe daviTma anti-
oqiaSi gagzavna sasuliero delegacia.
maT gzaze yaCaRebi daxvdnen da gaZ-
arcves, ori maTgani gadarCa. Teofilaqtem
moiwvia kreba, romelzedac gadawyda,
afxazeTisaTvis daeniSna damoukidebeli
kaTalikosi, romelic afxazeTisaTvis akurTx-
ebda mRvdelmTavrebs, magram im piro-
biT, rom moixseniebda antioqiis patri-
arqebs... erTi maTgani ioane, patriarqma
kaTalikosad akurTxa, mas mudmivad unda
ecxovra afxazeTSi, meore afxazi pa-
triarqma episkoposad akurTxa da orive
samSoblo afxazeTSi gamoistumra. 117
makariosis mixedviT, es pirveli kaTa-
likosi iyo ioane. antioqiis patriarqs
dautovebia ufleba dasavleT saqarTvelo-
Si yovelwliurad gaegzavna egzarqosi
mRvdelmTavarTa da winamZRolTa saqcie-
lis gamosaZieblad da Sewiruli sof-
lebidan Semosavlis asakrefad. didi
drois Semdeg, makariosis mixedviT, an-
tioqiis patriarq Teodores (970-975)
saqarTveloSi mwvalebelTa RvarZlis aR-
mocenebis dros gaugzavnia afxazeTSi
wesrigis dasamyareblad Tavisi mdivani
basili. afxazeTis eklesias aseve am dros
mieca mironis adgilzeve, mcxeTidan miRe-
bis ufleba.
makariosis cnobidan aSkarad Cans,
rom antioqiis CvenTvis saintereso kre-
bas patriarq Teofilaqtes dros gadau-
Wria ara sruliad saqarTvelos (mcxe-
Tis) eklesiis sakiTxi, aramed qarTuli
eklesiis im nawilisa, romelic dasav-
leT saqarTveloSi arsebobda. sxva sak-
iTxia, Seesabameba Tu ara misi yvela
monacemi sinamdviles. msgavsi cnoba aqvs
XVIII s-is antioqiel mRvdels miqael
breks, romlis Tanaxmad, mefe daviTs
antioqiaSi gaugzavnia ara ori, aramed
12 monazoni, 10 arabebs mouklavT gza-
Si. brekis cnobebi qarTuli eklesiis
Sesaxeb emyareba efrem mcires Txzu-
117 :ept G&^ Uhepbz d 17 cnjktnbb gj bpj,hf;tyb. gfnhbfh[f Vfrfhbz^ Rfpfym^ 1905^ c& 10-11& v. goilaZe, dasax.naSr., gv. 171.
356 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
lebis monacemebs (isini qarTul xel-
nawerebSi iyo mimobneuli) da agreTve,
cxadia, sxva wyaroebs. magaliTad, m.
brekis cnobiT, antioqiaSi qarTveli kaTa-
likosis Casvla xeldasasxmelad IV s-
dan, evstaTi antioqielis droidan mo-
dis, es cnoba aSkarad efrem mcires
cnobis gameorebaa. evstaTi antioqie-
lis saxeli TviT efremma CarTo Tavis
TxzulebaSi. mironis Sesaxebac efremis
cnobebs imeorebs sxva cnobebis gameo-
rebasTan erTad.118
rogorc zemoT moyvanilidan Cans,
yvela ucxoeli avtori, maT Soris,
dosiTeosi, xrisanfi, makariosi da brekic
ki VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi Semdgari
antioqiis krebis gadawyvetilebas akav-
Sireben ara mcxeTis sakaTalikososTan,
aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesia-
sTan, romelic aRniSnul dros marTlac
mowyvetili iyo qarTul dedaeklesias
da ibrZoda berZnebisagan eklesiuri
damoukideblobis misaRwevad. amitomac,
dabejiTebiT unda iTqvas, rom `antioqi-
ur qronografSi~, saidanac aRniSnuli
krebis Sesaxeb cnobebi aqvT amoRebuli
efrem mciresa da nikon SavmTels, lapar-
akia ara `qarTlis~, aramed `iberiis~ ek-
lesiis Sesaxeb. berZnuli wyaro `iberi-
is~ qveS, rogorc aRiniSna, gulisxmobda
ara aRmosavleT , aramed dasavleT
saqarTvelos, radganac saqarTvelos orive
nawils `iberias~ uwodebdnen ucxoelebi.
aqedan gamomdinare, aRniSnul avtorTa
yovelgvari cnoba, gamomavali `antioqi-
uri qronografidan~ Seexeboda dasav-
leT saqarTvelos da ara mcxeTis ekle-
sias, esaa mironis kurTxevis uflebis,
egzarqosis gamogzavnis, arasruli av-
tokefalis da sxvaTa Sesaxeb.
rogorc wyaroebi aRniSnaven, herak-
le keisris droidan qarTuli dedaek-
lesiisagan mowyvetili da konstanti-
nopolis iurisdiqciaSi Sesuli dasavleT
saqarTvelos mrevli VIII s-dan Seecada
mieRwia berZnuli centrebidan damoukide-
blobisaTvis. marTlac, maT moipoves
damoukidebloba. isini nel-nela ara mx-
olod gamovidnen berZnuli centrebis
daqvemdebarebidan, aramed TandaTanobiT
aRidgines qarTulenovani wirva-locvac.
da rac kidev ufro arsebiTia, ucxo
kaTedrebis nacvlad daaarses WeSmari-
tad qarTuli kaTedrebi, romelTagan, al-
baT, umTavresi biWvinTis kaTedris Sem-
deg Wyondidis kaTedra iyo. es procesi
gagrZelda TiTqmis 200 wlis manZilze.
iqamde ki berZnuli centrebidan mirons,
kaTalikosis xeldasxmasa Tu egzarqoss
marTlac iRebdnen. rogorc iTqva, sab-
olood, saqarTvelos es nawili qarTul
dedaeklesias daubrunda.
mxolod qarTulenovani kaTedrebis
xelqveS qarTuli mrevlis moqcevis Sem-
deg unda ecno sruliad saqarTvelos
saxelmwifoebriv da saeklesio mmarTve-
lobas dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiis
dabruneba qarTuli dedaeklesiis wiaR-
Si oficialuri saxiT. es `qarTlis cx-
ovrebis~ CanarTis Tanaxmad, momxdara
830 wels, bagrat kurapalatis dros.
pavle ingoroyvas gamokvleviT, am droi-
saTvis mcxeTis sakaTalikosos afxaze-
Tis, anu `qvemo iberiis~ eklesiisaTvis
gadaucia iqamde mis samwysoSi Semavali
argveTi. amis Semdeg afxa-zeTis sakaTa-
118 Vb[fbk <htr^ Cgbcjr Fynbj[bbcrb[ Gfnhbfh[jd^ Nhels Rbtdcrjq le[& Frfltvbb^ 1874^ b.ym^ 399-400&
357saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
likosos iurisdiqcia vrceldeboda Savi
zRvidan lixis mTamde. am aqtis Semdgom
mcxeTis uzenaesi saeklesio iurisdiqcia
aRdga sruliad saqarTvelos miwa-wyalze
_ Savi zRvis sanapiroebidan TiTqmis kaspi-
ispireTamde. eklesia gaerTianda, afxaze-
Tis kaTalikoss ewoda `umrwemesi~.
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos istoriu-
li sazRvari gadioda mdinare TeTrwy-
lamde, anu Semaxiis mTebamde, romelic
kaspiis zRvidan sul ramdenime aTeuli
kilometriTaa daSorebuli, swored aqamde
aRwevda qarTvelTa eTnikuri gansaxleb-
is sazRvari. CrdiloeT albaneTSi mcx-
ovrebi mosaxleoba eTnikuri warmomav-
lobiT qarTveluri tomebi iyvnen, amit-
omac isini sarwmunoebrivad marTlma-
dideblebs uWerdnen mxars. maTi eTni-
kuri warmomavlobiT iyo gamowveuli is,
rom rogorc ki politikurad amis Sesa-
Zlebloba miecaT, CrdiloeT albaneTSi
mcxovrebi mosaxleoba iqca mrevlad
swored qarTuli eklesiisa da ara somx-
uri anda albanuri eklesiisa.
Sav zRvamde qarTuli eklesia iuris-
diqcias avrcelebda IV-V ss-Sive. ro-
gorc TviTon berZeni avtorebi miuTiTe-
ben, lazebma da iberebma erTdroulad
miiRes qristianoba IV s-Si. qarTuli
wyaros Tanaxmad, mirian mefem `naTeli
sca yovelTa iverielTa~. mirians ki igive
wyaro dasavleT saqarTvelos mefedac
miiCnevda. radganac iberiis, anu qarT-
lis samefo moicavda dasavleT saqarTve-
los mdinare egriswylamde, xolo vax-
tang gorgasalis dros sazRvari gada-
weul iqna mdinare klisuramde, anu cxu-
mis mxareSi gamaval Tanamedrove mdinare
kelasuramde. VI s-Si, rogorc aRniSnu-
li iyo, mcxeTis kaTalikosi kirioni,
somxur wyaroTa mixedviT, `winandeli
wesis Tanaxmad megrelTa arqiepiskopo-
si iyo~, maSasadame, VI s-is dasawyisSi
qarTuli eklesiis sazRvari gadioda Sav
zRvaze . mxolod VII s-is 20-30-ian
wlebSi CamoaSora herakle keisarma
saqarTvelos zRvispira teritoria,
rogorc es aRniSnuli iyo, sadac bizan-
tiis saxelmwifom Tavisi iurisdiqcia
ganaxorciela. am CamoSorebuli kuTxis
qarTvelobam aswlovani brZoliT SeZlo
kvlav dabruneboda qarTul dedaeklesias,
es procesi VII s-Sive dawyebula da gan-
sakuTrebuli gamoxatva miuRia Cvens gan-
saxilvel antioqiis I saeklesio kreba-
ze, VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi. am krebaze
aseve dawyebula mironis sakiTxis gada-
Wrac. kerZod, iqamde, cxadia, marTlac
qarTlisagan CamoSorebuli zRvispira ter-
itoriis `berZnuli~ imperiis xeldebuli
qarTvelebi VII s-is 20-30-iani wlebidanve
konstantinopolidan, anda romelime sxva
berZnuli sapatriarqodan miiRebdnen
mirons da ara mcxeTidan.
rac Seexeba mcxeTis sakaTalikosos,
aq mirons akurTxebdnen uZvelesi droidanve.
jer erTi, wmida svets, anu cocxal svets
(sveticxovels) gadmosdioda mironi, rad-
ganac misi gadanaWris qveS wmida kvarTi
uflisa iyo dakrZaluli da sveti didi
saswauliT iqna zecad atacebuli da
Semdeg SeZerwili Tavissave gadanaWer-
Tan, meore mxriv, k. kekeliZis Tanaxmad,
`mironi saqarTveloSi Teofilaqte an-
tioqielamdec rom ikurTxeboda, amas
mowmobs qarTuli xelnaweri, romelSic
detaluradaa aRwerili mironis kurTx-
evis wesi. Tu nikon SavmTels davujerebT,
dasZens igi, IV krebamde mxolod anti-
oqiaSi ikurTxeboda mironi (Tumca amis
dajereba Znelia, radganac am krebis
masalebSi amis Sesaxeb araferia naTq-
358 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
vami) da Semdeg yvelam miiRo
misi kurTxevis nebarTva, ma-
Sin unda davuSvaT, rom qarT-
lis eklesiaSi mironis kurTx-
eva 451 wlidan daiwyo~.119
maSasadame, mcxeTaSi mironi
ZvelTaganve ikurTxeboda da
mTeli qarTlis samefos teri-
toriaze, anu Sav zRvamde da
mdinare klisuramde mironi
mcxeTidan miiReboda. magram
berZnuli saxelmwifos xelSi
saqarTvelos zRvispireTis ga-
dasvlis Semdeg (VII s-dan)
dauwesebiaT mironis miReba am
ukve ̀ berZnul~ saepiskoposoeb-
Si jer konstantinopolidan,
Semdeg ki antioqiidan, ris san-
acvlodac `nivTTa wmidasa mo-
sasyidelad~, anu miron is
dasamzadeblad saWiro masalis
SesaZenad dasavleT saqarTve-
los qarTvelebs unda gadaex-
adaT ̀ aTasi kvamlidan~ aRebuli
Semosavali. VIII s-Si Semdgar
kre bas, romelic ixilavda
dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesi-
is sakiTxs, mironis sakiTxic
ganuxilavs. antioqiis patri-
arqma qarTvelebs dauwesa:
`raATa wliTiwlad moscemden
Jamad-JamadTa patriarqTa an-
tioqiaTa aTassa drahkan sa,
romeli igi moecemoda vidre
dReTamde ioane wmidisa patri-
arqisaTa, rameTu man aniWa igi
orestis wmidasa patriarqsa
ierusalimisasa, romeli movi-
doda mociqulad basilisa Tana mefisa
berZenTaAsa, raATa missa saydarsa miece-
modis qarTvelTa mier. da mier dRiTgan
daewesa, raATa moxsenebaA oden saxelisaA
aqundes qarTvelTa Soris antioqielsa
patriarqsa. da ukeTu odesme wvalebaA
gamoCndes, maSinRa miavlinebdes mun
eqsarxossa... viTar igi netarisa Teodore
patriarqisa dReTa waravlina basili Rra-
matikosi wvalebisaTvis akakTaAsa~.120
Cven es cnoba, albaT, ase unda gav-
igoT: antioqiis krebam arasruli av-
tokefalia, anu SezRuduli TavisTava-
doba mianiWa qvemo iberiis, anu afxaze-
Tis eklesiis saepiskoposoebs. maT ek-
lesiurad evalebodaT mironisaTvis masa-
la SeeZinaT antioqiaSi da gadaexadaT
aTasi drahkani. Semdgom es aTasi drah-
kani ierusalimis sapatriarqosaTvis unda
gadaexadaT. efremis wyaros Tanaxmad,
es daiwyo X s-dan, magram erTi qarTu-
li wyaros Tanaxmad, romelsac qvemoT
SevexebiT, es daiwyo IX s-dan . Cveni
fiqriT, mironis sakiTxi dasavleT
saqarTveloSi ase unda gadawyvetiliyo.
axalSeqmnili qarTuli saepiskoposoebi
imis Semdeg, rac qarTulma saxelmwi-
fom `ganaCina kaTalikosi afxazeTisa~,
830-iani wlebidan, mirons ukve iRebd-
nen ara ierusalimidan, aramed mcxe-
Tidan, e .i. qarTlidan, xolo Zveli
berZnulenovani saepiskoposoebi dasav-
leT saqarTveloSi kvlavindeburad ga-
nagrZobdnen mironis Sesyidvas ierusal-
imis sapatriarqodan. am saepiskoposoeb-
Si, Cans, ixseniebdnen ara qarTveli kaTa-
likosis, aramed antioqieli patriarqis
saxels. albaT , maTTan agz av nidne n
119 v. goilaZe, qarTuli eklesiis saTave ebTan, 1991, gv. 156; Rtrtkblpt R^ C&^ Kbnehubxtcrfzcghfdrf gj djghjce j, fdnjrtafkbb uhepbycrjq wthrdb^ etiudebi, t. VII , 1961, gv. 254,SeniSvna; 120 efrem mcire, `uwyebai.. .~, gv. 10.
359saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi egzarqoss, `vi-
Tar-igi netarisa Teodore patriarqisa
dReTa waravlina basili Rramatikosi
wvalebisaTvis akakTaAsa~.
dasavleT saqarTvelos qarTuleno-
vani saepiskoposoebi qmnidnen afxazeTis
sakaTalikosos. mas mironis qarTlidan
miRebis ufleba ierusalimidan miuRia
ara raime saeklesio wesebis darRveviT,
aramed ierusalimis sapatriarqos nebar-
TviT. amas unda miuTiTebdes wmida gri-
gol xanZTelis `cxovrebaSi~ daculi
erTi cnoba, romelSic Semdegdroindel
gadamwers erTi qaragma sworad ver gaux-
snia, ramac mravali gaugebroba dabada
SemdegSi. kerZod, gadamwers qaragma ̀ a~sa~
gauxsnia arasworad, safiqralia, rom es
qaragma unda gaxsniliyo rogorc `afx-
azeTisa~ da ara rogorc `aRmosavalisa~.
imave winadadebaSi sxva geografiuli sax-
elicaa ramdenjerme daqaragmebuli (ma-
galiTad, sityva ̀ ierusalimi~). winadadeba,
romelSic mironzea saubari, Cveni azriT,
aseTi saxiT unda gaixsnas - `rameTu
pirvelad a~sa (e.i. afxazeTsa) kaTali-
kosTa mihroni ierusalimiT mihyvanda,
xolo efrem qristesmieriTa brZanebiTa
mihronis kurTxeva qarTls ganawesa ieru-
salimis patriarqisa ganwesebiTa da wame-
biTa sixaruliTa. aramed qarTlad fri-
adi qveyana aRiracxebis, romelsaca Sina
qarTuliTa eniTa Jami Seiwirvis da locva
yoveli aResrulebis~...
maSasadame, afxazeTma mironi qarTl-
idan imitom unda miiRos, rom isic
qarTlia, radganac qarTulad tardeba
wirva-locvao. imis ufleba ki, afxaze-
Tis yofil berZnul, amJamad ki qarTu-
lenovan saepiskoposoebs, mironi qarTl-
idan mieRoT, moupovebia efrem
mawyverel episkoposs ierusal-
imis sapatriarqoSive, IX s-is
40-ian wlebSi.
qarTvel istorikosTa Tva-
lsazrisiT, dasavleT saqarTve-
loSi IX s-Si jer kidev arse-
bobda berZnulenovani saepis-
koposoebi, ̀ roca imperiaSi kv-
lav xatTayvanismcemlobam gaim-
arjva da marTlmadidebloba
aRsdga, konstantinopolis kaT-
edra dasavleT saqarTveloSi
Tavisi uflebebis aRdgenas Se-
ecdeboda. amiT unda aixsnas
IX s-is bolos Sedgenil kon-
stantinopolis sapatriarqo-
sadmi daqvemdebarebul kaTe-
draTa nusxebSi dasavleT sa-
qarTvelos kaTedraTa Soris
`afxazeTis avtokefaluri sae-
piskoposoc~ romaa dasaxele-
buli.12 1
sabolood, 744-750 wleb-
Si, antioqiaSi Semdgari saek-
lesio krebis gadawyvetileba-
Ta dakavSireba afxazeTis, anu
`qvemo iberiis~ eklesiasTan,
aseTi saxiT unda warmovidgi-
noT: n. berZeniSvili dasavleT
saqarTvelos eklesiis bizan-
tiisagan gamoyofas or etapad
ganixilavda. pirveli etapis
dros, misi azriT, egris-afx-
azeTis gaerTianebis kvaldakval
gaerTiandnen egrisisa da afx-
azeTis eklesiebi. Camoyalibda
dasavleTis erTiani saeklesio
xelisufleba. am pirvel etapze
121 georgika, IV, naw. II, gv. 180-181; Sdr. saq. ist. narkv ., II, gv. 423-24; v . goilaZe,qarTuli eklesiis saTaveebTan , 1991, gv. 178.
360 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
(e.i. VIII s-is bolosa da IX s-is dasawyis-
Si), `pirvel xanebSi _ wers n. berZeniS-
vili, _ safiqrebelia, politikurad jer
welmoumagrebeli afxazeTis mefeebi mo-
eridebodnen saeklesio sakiTxis gamwvave-
bas da konstantinopolis sapatriarqos
mxolod saeklesio gaerTianebis dasturs
mosTxovdnen~.12 2
rogorc zemoT ukve iTqva, dasavleT
saqarTvelodan saeklesio delegacia gamg-
zavrebula ara konstantinopolSi (xat-
mebrZoluri eresis gamo), aramed anti-
oqiaSi, sadac Cvens gansaxilvel 750-
iani wlebis krebas, faqtobrivad, dau-
dasturebia `qvemo iberiis~, anu egris-
afxazeTis eklesiebis gaerTianebis, anu
qvemo iberiis (afxazeTis) sakaTaliko-
sos aRiarebis sakiTxi. am droisaTvis,
faqtobrivad, afxazeTis kaTalikosi iyo
b erZnuli eklesiis warmomadgen eli
dasavleT saqarTveloSi. e .i. antioqiis
krebam mcxeTis eklesias ki ar Seuer-
Ta egris-afxazeTis eklesia, aramed igi
ganixila, rogorc berZnul eklesiaSi
Semavali avtonomiuri erTeuli, amisa-
gan gamomavali yoveli SedegiT (miro-
nis miReba, egzarqosis gagzavna, berZeni
patriarqis saxelis moxsenieba wirva-
locvis dros).
maSasadame , antioqiis I saeklesio
kreba iyo berZnuli eklesiis kreba,
romelmac ganixila berZnul eklesiaSi
Semavali `qvemo iberiis~ eklesiis erT-
erTi sakiTxi. m. lorTqifaniZe wers:
`gaerTianebuli dasavleT saqarTvelos
eklesia pirvel xanebSi konstantinopo-
lze iyo damokidebuli da oficialu-
rad berZnul eklesias warmoadgenda,
xolo am eklesiis meTauri afxazTa kaTa-
likosi _ berZenTa warmomadgeneli. ma-
gram am mdgomareobas verc egris-afxa-
zeTis mefeebi moiTmendnen da verc mcxe-
Tis kaTalikosebi~.123 Seqmnili sarwmu-
noebrivi viTarebis gamo, berZnul ekle-
siaSi Semavali `qvemo iberiis~ sakiTxi
konstantinopolis nacvlad ganixila
berZnuli eklesiis meore centrma _ an-
tioqiam. amis Semdeg ukve daiwyo meore
etapi `qvemo iberiis~ (afxazeTis) ek-
lesiisa. meore etapis dros es eklesia
daubrunda qarTul (mcxeTis) dedaekle-
sias (IX-X ss-Si), magram administraci-
ul-ierarqiuli wyobis ukve arsebuli
saxe SeinarCuna. afxazeTis sakaTaliko-
so Sevida qarTul eklesiaSi msgavsad
berZ nul sapatriarqoe bSi arse buli
samitropolitoebisa.
berZnul sapatriarqoebSi samitro-
politoebs marTavda patriarqi. mitrop-
olitebs, Tavis mxriv, eqvemdebarebod-
nen samitropolitoebis episkoposebi,
romelTa raodenoba sakmaod didi, 500-
mdec ki SesaZlebelia yofiliyo. afx-
azeTis sakaTalikosos episkoposebi eqvem-
debarebodnen afxazeTis kaTalikoss,
romelic, Tavis mxriv, mcxeTis kaTali-
kosze iyo damokidebuli. erTs `uxuce-
si~, meores ki - `umrwemesi~ erqva.
`egris-afxazeTis mefeebma eklesiuri
gamoyofis mopovebisTanave daiwyes Zve-
li (bizantiuri) saepiskoposo kaTedreb-
is moSla dasavleT saqarTveloSi da
maT sapirispirod axali qarTuli kaTe-
drebis daarseba. X s-is manZilze moiS-
ala gudayvis (ZiRinevis) kaTedra, fo-
Tis kaTedra, xolo aSenda Wyondidis,
moqvis, bediisa da sxva saydrebi, sadac
Seiqmna axali, qarTuli saepiskoposo kaT-
122 n . berZeniSvili, saqarTvelos istoris sakiTxebi, III, gv. 49; 123 m. lorTqifaniZe, `egris-afxazeTi~, saq. istoriis narkvevebi , t. II , 1973, gv. 424.
361saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
edrebi. ase TandaTanobiT idevneboda bi-
zantiis gavlena~.124 ̀ es saeklesio gamoy-
ofa, rogorc vTqviT, erTbaSad ar xde-
ba, jer xorcieldeba egris-afxazeTis
eklesiebis gaerTianeba, rogorc konstan-
tinopolis samwysoSi Semavali eparqi-
isa, romelsac saTaveSi afxazTa kaTa-
likosi edga (VIII s-is bolo an IX s-is
dasawyisi), Semdeg IX s-is manZilze
dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesia gamoeyo
konstantinopols da mcxeTis taxts uer-
Tiandeba, xolo afxazTa kaTalikosi
sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikoss uqvem-
debardeba~.12 5
dasavleT saqarTvelos eklesiis kon-
stantinopolis samwysosagan gamoyofis
garkvevisaTvis gamoiyeneba e.w. eqTezise-
bi _ konstantinopolis samwysoSi Se-
mavali kaTedrebis nusxebi. Cvens gan-
saxilvel periods exeba am nusxaTa ori
jgufi. `pirveli jgufis nusxebi Sedge-
nilia leon VI-is mefobamde (leoni me-
fobda 886-911 ww.), am nusxebSi dasav-
leT saqarTvelos yvela kaTedra, fazi-
sis mitropolitiT lazeTSi, misdami
daqvemdebarebuli oTxi episkoposiT, afx-
azeTis sebastopolis avtokefaluri ar-
qiepiskoposi da jiqeTSi nikofsiis av-
tokefaluri arqiepiskoposi konstanti-
nopolis samwysos eqvemdebarebian . me-
ore jgufis nusxebidan Cans, rom X s-
is dasawyisSi dasavleT saqarTvelos arc
erTi kaTedra (lazeTis, afxazeTisa da
jiqeTis, nikofsiisa) aRar eqvemdebareba
konstantinopolis patriarqs. aRniSnu-
lis safuZvelze aSkarad Cans, rom cvli-
leba dasavleT saqarTvelos mdgomare-
obaSi, misi gamoyofa konstantinopol-
idan da mcxeTis taxtisadmi daqvemde-
bareba IX s-is manZilze moxda, radganac
pirveli jgufis nusxebis nagvianevi nusxa
IX s-is dasawyisSia (820-829) Sedgeni-
li,126 xolo meore jgufis pirveli nusxa
- X s-is dasawyisSi (901-907 ww.)~.127
maSasadame, marTalia, `qarTlis cxovre-
bis~ zogierTi nusxa, romlebSic naTq-
vamia afxazeTis qarTuli sakaTalikosos
IX s-Si daarsebis Sesaxeb: `xolo aman
bagrat gaaCina da ganawesa kaTalikosi
afxazeTs qristes aqeT 830~.128
tao-klarjeTis mTavari bagrat I kura-
palati (826-876), Ze aSot kurapalati-
sa, ibrZoda qarTlis saxelmwifos ara
mxolod politikuri, aramed eklesiuri
gaerTiane bisTvisac. amiT unda iyos
gamowveuli mis mier `afxazeTis kaTa-
likosis~ gaCena. aq igulisxmeba am sakaTa-
likosos sulieri daqvemdebareba mcxe-
Tis eklesiisadmi, iqamde ki, rogorc
aRiniSna, antioqiis VIII s-is 50-iani
wlebis krebam kanonikuri safuZveli
Seuqmna `qvemo iberiis~, anu afxazeTis
sakaTalikosos warmoqmnas.
aRniSnulma antioqiis I-ma saekle-
sio krebam VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi
TavisTavadoba (avtokefalia) mianiWa ara
afxazeTis, aramed `qvemo iberiis~ an
ubralod `iberiis~ eklesias, anu im
teritoriaze ganTavsebul saeklesio er-
Teuls, romlis sazRvrebs warmoadgen-
da mdinare klisura Crdilo-dasavleTiT,
da, e.w. `skanda-Sorapnis~ xazi aRmosav-
leTiT. erT dros bizantiis xeldebuli
es teritoria – imJamad bizantielTagan
politikurad ganTavisuflebuli iyo
Tanaxmad qarTuli wyaroebisa, romelT-
ac qvemoT SevexebiT. am, anu ̀ qvemo iberi-
is~ saeklesio erTeuls mxolod VIII s-
124 m. lorTqifaniZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 425; 125 iqve , gv. 427; 126 georgika, IV, 2, gv. 184; 127 m.lorTqifaniZe, dasax. n aSr., gv. 424; 128 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 255.
362 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
is bolodan SeiZleboda wodeboda afx-
azeTis eklesia, kerZod mas Semdeg, rac
mdinare klisuras iqiT iqamde bizantia-
Si Semavali istoriuli afxazeTisa da
qvemo iberiis miwa-wyali gaerTianda
afxazTa axali samefo dinastiis Camoy-
alibebis Semdeg (es sakiTxi ganxilulia
wignSi ̀ saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis
istoria~, t. II, 1998 w.).
ase, rom `qvemo iberiis~ TavisTavad
eklesias mxolod VIII s-is bolos an
IX s-is dasawyisSi ewoda afxazeTis
eklesia. mis meTaurs kaTalikosis wode-
ba miuRia qarTvel mefeTa mier. kerZod,
tao-klarjeTis mefes bagrats 830 wels
`ganuCenia~ kaTalikosi afxazeTisa, rac
ganxiluli iyo. am sakaTalikososaTvis
adgilze ve ( afxazeTic iberiaa , anu
qarTlia) mironis kurTxevis miRebis
uflebisaTvis IX s-Sive uzrunia efrem
mawyverels, rac aseve ganxiluli iyo.
Cve ns istoriografiaSi XX s-is
dasawyisidan Camoyalibda umarTebulo
Tv als azr isi , T iT qosda das avl eT
saqarTvelos mxolod IX s-dan ewoda
`qarTli~, sinamdvileSi piriqiT, Cveni
wyaroebis dabejiTebuli mtkicebiT dasav-
leT saqarTvelo Tavdapirveladve mefe
farnavazis droidan Sedioda qarTlis
samefoSi, amitomac ewodeboda kidev
`qarTli~ anu ufro zustad ̀ qvemo qarT-
li~ anu `qvemo iberia~, xolo aRmosav-
leT saqarTvelos `zemo qarTli~, `zemo
qveyana (es termini kaTalikosTa titu-
laturaSic aisaxa) da swored VIII s-is
bolodan `qvemo qarTls~ anu dasavleT
saqarTvelos ewoda `afxazeTi~, dinas-
tiuri cvlis Sedegad, Tumca eklesiuri
da kulturuli TvalsazrisiT afxaze-
Ti, iseve rogorc tao-klarjeTi da
hereT-kaxeTi qarTlis qveynebad iwode-
boda, Zveli Cveulebis Sesabamisad, uZ-
velesi droidanve, amis Sesaxeb erTx-
mad RaRadeben qarTuli wyaroebi. ma-
galiTad, `moqcevaA qarTlisaA~ qarT-
lis qveynis Crdilo dasavleTis sazR-
vars debs mdinare egriswyalze, `Tana
hyvanda aleqsandres mefesa Ze arian
qarTlisa mefisa da mas mouboZa mcxe-
Ta sajdomad da sazRvari daudva mas
hereTi da egriswyali da somxiTi da
mTa crolisa da warvida~.129
aqedan da ̀ moqcevaA qarTlisaAs~ sxva
uamravi cnobidan, romelsac sxva qarTuli
wyaroebis dabejiTebuli miTiTebanic eT-
anxmebian qarTlis anu qarTlis samefos
sazRvrebi aseTia: dasavleTiT _ Savi
zRva egrisis CaTvliT, Crdilo-dasav-
leTiT _ md. egriswyali, aRmosavleTiT
_ hereTi, samxreTiT _ `somxiTi~ anu
somxeTi. eTnikurad es qveyana dasaxle-
buli iyo erTi eriT, erTi xalxiT,
romelTac ewodebodaT qarTvelebi, maT
ricxvSi, cxadia, egriselebic Sedian,
amis Sesaxeb pirdapir migviTiTebs ma-
galiTad `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Semdegi
cnoba (sxva uamrav cnobasTan erTad):
`masve Jamsa gamovides berZenni afxazeTiT
(rameTu berZenTa hqonda egriswyals
quemoTi kerZi yov eli) da daipyres
egriswyalTagan vidre cixe-gojamde. ma-
Sin iqmna glova da wuxili yovelTa
zeda qarTvelTa da ityodes `ganvamrav-
leT codva RmrTisa mimarT... samarTli-
anad moawia RmerTman Cuen zeda ese risx-
va, rameTu migvcna Cuen wartyuevnad
ucxoTa naTesavTa da migviRo Cven sazR-
vari berZenTagan. .. erisa codvaTagan. ..
viZioT Cuen Suri.. . vZebneT sazRvari
qarTlisa berZenTagan~.130
129 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli Zeglebi, III, gv. 81; 130 qarTlis cxovreba, t. I , gv. 146.
363saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
am amonaridSi pirdapiraa naxsenebi
sityva `sazRvari qarTlisa~, romelic
berZnebma daarRvies, sad? maT gadmo-
laxes mdinare egriswyali da miitaces
teritoria am mdinaridan vidre cixe-
gojamde. vin wuxs am ubedurebas? -
amasac pasuxobs mematiane - `yovelni
qarTvelni~ (aman gamoiwvia `wuxili
yovelTa zeda qarTvelTa~), cxadia, am
qarTvelTa ricxvSi upirvelesad ig-
ulisxmebodnen egriselebi, egrisis mo-
saxleoba, es igulisxmeba mematianis wi-
nadadebaSi - `migvcna Cuen wartyuevnad
ucxoTa naTesavTa~, swored istoriuli
egrisis didi nawili mdinare egriswyl-
idan cixe-gojamde daipyres anu `war-
tyuenes~ berZnebma, iqvea `migviRo Cven
sazRvari berZenTagan~ - egriselebi, iseve
rogorc mTeli (yoveli) qarTlis mosax-
leoba wuxda am ubedurebas.
am amonaridSi mravaljer gvxvdeba
sityva ̀ Cuen~, am ̀ Cuenis~ qveS igulisxme-
ba `yovelni qarTvelni~, rogorc iqve
Cans, am qarTvelTa ricxvSi ki upirve-
lesad egriselebi igulisxmeba, romel-
Ta regionis sazRvaric da romlis miwa-
wyalic iqna `wartyuenili~. sabolood,
Seuracxyofili qarTvelebi askvnian: ̀ viZ-
ioT Cue n Suri , v Z e b n eT sazRv ari
qarTlisa~, anu aRvadginoT igi, sad?
cxadia, md. egriswyalze (esaa V s-is
ambebi) SemdgomSi, vaxtang mefis drosve
sazRvrad gadaiqca md. klisura. romel
enaze urTierTobdnen es qarTvelebi?
romeli ena iyo maTi erovnuli anu sax-
elmwifo ena? - es iyo qarTuli ena.
qarTuli ena rom saerTo erovnuli ena
iyo `yovelTa qarTvelTa~, rom es ena
egrissa da sxva regionebSi mcxovrebi
mkvidri mosaxleobis ena iyo, amis Sesaxeb
Cven mogviTxrobs cnobili moRvawe ars-
en beri (miiCnevdnen, rom igi iyo daviT
aRmaSeneblis moZRvari). is wmida ninos
cxovrebaSi gadmoscems cnobebs qarTvel-
Ta eTnogenezisis, maTi qveynis sazRvre-
bis Sesaxeb da aseve gvawvdis cnobas
enis Sesaxebac. kerZod, arsen beri cxa-
dia gadmoscemda qarTul sazogadoebaSi
arsebul Tvalsazriss, rom uZveles xa-
naSi, arian qarTlidan aleqsandre make-
donelis dros kavkasiaSi gadmosaxle-
buli qarTveloba dasaxlda rogorc
dasavleT, ise aRmosavleT saqarTvelo-
Si, arsenisTvisac qarTlis qveynis Crdi-
lo dasavleT sazRvari aris mdinare
egriswyali. egriswylidan hereTamde mcx-
ovrebi mosaxleobis ena, arseni beris
azriT, Tavidanve qarTulia, is wers:
`Cven Svilni varT maT arian qarTliT
gamosulTani da ena maTi uwyiT~.131
maSasadame, qarTuli wyaroebis da-
bejiTebuli mtkicebiT egriswylidan-here-
Tamde cxovrobs erTi xalxi, erTi eniT,
maT aqvT erTi saxelmwifo ̀ qarTlis same-
fo~, `yovelni mefeni qarTlisani amaT
(e.i. arian qarTlidan gadmosaxlebul-
Ta) mefeTa Svilni arian~.132 arseni beris
TvalsazrisiT, yvela regionis mcxovreb-
Ta, maT Soris egrisisa da svaneTis mo-
saxleobis ena qarTuli enaa, Tumca,
cxadia, albaT misTvis cnobili iyo am
kuTxeTa enebis arseboba, magram albaT
isini dialeqtebad miaCnda. ruis-urbni-
sis krebis wmida mamaTa TvalsazrisiT,
qarTlis samefo IV s-Sic aerTianebda
saqarTvelos dasavleT da aRmosavleT
nawilebs , amitomac am kre bis mier
gamocemul kanonTa `ZeglisweraSic~ sa-
gangebodaa xazgasmuli, rom wmida nin-
om moaqcia ara mxolod qveynis erTi
131 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, III, gv. 477; 132 iqve, gv. 47.
364 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
kuTxis (aRmosavleT saqarTvelos) mo-
saxleoba, aramed dasavleT saqarTvelos
mosaxleobac qarTlis samefos sazRvreb-
Si, e .i. egrisic moaqcia, md. egriswy-
lamde, qarTlis samefos sazRvramde, ker-
Zod _ wmida ninom `sarwmunoebasa mima-
rT Tvisisasa miizida yoveli savsebaA
yovlisa qarTvelTa naTesavisa~.133
mefe mirianis samefoSi, anu qarTvelTa
erTian saxelmwifoSi, qarTlis cxovre-
bis Tanaxmad, cxadia, egrisic Sedis:
`mefobda mirian qarTls, rans, hereTs,
movakans da aqunda egrisica vidre egrisw-
ylamde~,134 am wyaros cnobiT, qarTuli
saxelmwifos sazRvrebs cnobs bizanti-
is imperatori: `me, konstantine mefe,
TviTmpyrobeli... movswere Senda RmrTiv-
ganbrZnobilisa... mefisa mirianisassa. iyavn
Sen Tana mSvidoba... gandevnen RmerTman
dambadebelman eSmaki macduri sazRvarT-
agan SenTa~.135
mematianeTa Tanaxmad, qarTvel mefeTa
upirvelesi movaleoba iyo saxelmwifo
sazRvrebis dacva, aseve mematianeebi xaz-
gasmiT aRniSnaven , rom bizantieli im-
peratorebi cnobdnen am sazRvrebs, ma-
galiTad, aleqsandre makedoneli `aCens~
pirvel qarTul saxelmwifo sazRvars
md. e griswyalze , zemoT moyv an ili
amonarididan Cans, rom imperatori kon-
sta ntin e cnob s q a rTlis same fos
sazRvrebs da sxva.
qarTuli eklesiis mamebic TavianT
yuradRebas apyrobdnen qveynis geopoli-
tikur areals. magaliTad, ruis-urbni-
sis krebis mamebis ganmartebiT, is area-
li, sadac iqadaga andria pirvelwode-
bulma, aris qarTv elTa qveyana anu
`saqarTvelo~. cnobilia, rom andriam
iqadaga klarjeTsa da egrisSi, maSasa-
dame, krebis wmida mamebi ueWvelad dar-
wmunebulni arian, rom egrisi klarjeT-
Tan erTad I-II ss-Si, mociqulTa qad-
agebebis dros qarTvelTa qveynebi arian
anu `saqarTveloa~. kreba wers: `pirvel-
wodebuli andria... Cuendamdeca moiwia da
qadaga sacxovrebeli qadageba saxarebisa~
yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloAsasa~...136
egrisi I-II ss-Si `saqarTveloa~. esaa
XII s-is damdegis qarTvel wmida mamaTa
da ruis-urbnisis krebis ueWveli Tval-
sazrisi. maTi es mosazreba gansxvavdeba
Tanamedrove, XX s-is istorikosTa ofi-
cialur Tvalsazrisisagan, romlis mixed-
viTac saqarTvelo mxolod XI s-is Sem-
deg ewoda erTian qveyanas. maT am mo-
sazrebas ar daeTanxmebodnen arc Cveni
mematianeebi, magaliTad juanSeri, romel-
ic wers, rom VII s-is bolosa da VIII
s-is dasawyisSi saqarTvelo erqva miwa-
wyals mdinare klisuramde afxazeTSi _
`klisura romeli mas Jamsa iyo sazR-
vari saberZneTisa da saqarTveloAsa~.137
`qvemo iberiis~, anu rogorc Semdgom
ewoda afxazeTis sakaTalikosos warmo-
qmnis istoriis Sesaswavlad uaRresi
mniSvneloba aqvs qarTvelTa saxelmwi-
fos sazRvrebs. mematianes cnobiT, es
sazRvari SeibRala VII s-is 20-ian wlebSi
bizantiis keisar herakles mier: `maSin
wariRes berZenTa sazRvari qarTlisa,
speri da bolo klarjeTisa, zRvis piri...
sxva yoveli qarTli daipyro adarnase
bakuris Zeman mTavrobiT da mefobisa
saxeli verca man ikadra~.138
`sazRvari qarTlisa~, rogorc ze-
moT mravalgzis aRiniSna, upirvelesad
Cr dilo -das avl eTis mi marTuleb iT
133 `didi sjuliskanoni~, 1975, gv. 546; 134 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 70 ; 135 iqve , gv. 128; 136 didisjuliskanoni, 1875, gv. 545; 137 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 235; 138 iqve, gv. 226.
365saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
gulisxmobda md. klisuras, sadamdec,
mematianes sityviT, vaxtang gorgasalma
bizantiis imperatoris nebiT gadaitana
`qarTlis samefos~ sazRvari. maSasadame,
axla VII s-is 20-ian wlebSi, es sazR-
vari miitaca herakle keisarma, dasav-
leT saqarTvelos erT nawilTan erTad
_ Cans, esaa `zRvis piri~ - maSasadame,
zRvispira teritoria gulisxmobs ara
mxolod klarjeTs, aramed miwa-wyals
speridan da klarjeTis bolodan mdinare
klisuramde. rogorc garkveulia am mi-
tacebuli teritoriis sigane aRwevda
e.w. skanda-Sorapanis sazRvramde.139
aq, am mitacebul teritorias, ucx-
oelebi ̀ qvemo iberias~ uwodeben. rogorc
matianeebidan Cans, es mitacebuli ter-
itoria qarTvel mefeebs kvlav qarT-
lis samefos nawilad miaCndaT, dasav-
leT saqarTvelos mniSvnelovani nawili,
kerZod, argveTi kvlav maT xelSi iyo.
rogorc Cans, arabTa Semosevis drois-
aTvis egrisis didi nawili, cixe-gojis
CaTvliT qarTlis mefeTa saxelmwifos
nawils warmoadgenda, amas unda miu-
TiTebdes is, rom murvan yrus Semose-
vis dros qarTlis imJamindelma mefe
stefanozma da misma vaJma mirma wina-
parTa samefo gvirgvinebi, mefe mirian-
isa da mefe vaxtang gorgaslisa, usa-
frTxoebis mizniT gadaitanes Tavisi
samefos dacul nawilSi da daasvenes
(e .i. Seinaxes) quTaissa da cixe-gojSi,
xolo qarTlis mefe stefanozi gar-
dacvalebis Semdeg Tavis qveyanaSi egris-
Si dakrZales.140
arabTagan devnili qarTlis mefeebi
egrisidan gadavidnen afxazeTSi _ mur-
139 saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, t. II; 140 qarTlis cxovreba, t. I, gv. 235; 141 iqve,gv. 236; 142 iqve, gv. 240.
van yru `Seudga kvalsa maTsa... Sevlo
zRude igi sazRvari klisurisa. da vi-
Tarca Sevlo yruman klisura, romeli
mas Jamsa iyo sazRvari saberZneTisa da
saqarTveloAsa da Semusra qalaqi afSi-
leTisa cxumi da moadga cixesa ana-
kofiisasa. . . mun iyvne s maSin mefeni
qarTlisani mir da arCil~.141
es mefeebi SeebrZolnen arabebs da
ukuaqcies isini. es iyo mniSvnelovani
momenti. amiT gaxarebulma bizantiis
imperatorma, qarTuli wyaros cnobiT,
gadawyvita aRedgina bizantiis mier Se-
bRaluli qarTlis samefos sazRvrebi,
cxadia, mdinare klisuraze da saer-
Tod egrisis zRvispireTSi, anu man
aRiara qarTuli saxelmwifos ufleba-
mosileba im teritoriaze, romelic
Tavis droze miitaca herakle keisar-
ma, wyaro gvamcnobs, rom imperatorma
brZaneba miswera Tavis moxele-erisTavs
afxazeTSi aRar daerRvia q arTlis
sazRvrebi, kerZod, imperatorma am wer-
ilSi aRiara, rom es sazRvrebi dar-
Rveuli iyo bizantielTa mier, magram
amis Semdego - naTqvamia brZanebaSi,
aseTi ram aRar ganmeordes, pativi eci
am sazRvrebis urRvevobaso, kerZod,
werili aseTia - `yovladve sazRvarTa
qarTlisaTa Cvengan qmnil ars vneba.. .
aramed keTilad pativs cemdi mefeTa da
erTa magaT qarTlisaTa da amieridan nur-
Rara xelgewifebis vnebaT maTda da sazR-
varTa maTTa egrisaTa~.142 es imas niS-
navs, rom kvlav aRsdga oficialurad,
qarTlis samefo sazRvari mdinare kli-
suraze, amasTanave bizantiam aRiara, rom
is arRvevda am sazRvrebs. amis Semdeg
366 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mefe miris samefoSi Sedis ̀ egrisi, suane-
Ti, Takueri, argueTi da guria~.143
rogorc aRiniSna, mefe stefanozi (ar-
Cil da mir mefeebis mama) quTaisSi
dakrZales.14 3 quTaisi qarTlis mefeTa
`samkvidro~ iyo. mefe miris anderZi
Tavisi Zmisadmi amas miuTiTebs - `war-
scen Zualni misni da dahflen saydarsa
quTaisisasa, raTa ipovos sawameblad
samkvidrosa Cvenisa~.143
md. klisuridan mTeli dasavleT
saqarTvelo qarTlis mefeTa samkvidroa
arCilis drosac. mefe arCili ambobs _
`adgilni Cvenni klisuriTgan aRmarT. war-
val da daveSenebi cixe-gojs da quTaiss~.144
ufro ukeTesi magaliTebis moyvana
SeuZlebelia imis dasamtkiceblad, rom
IX-X ss-mde qarTveloba, qarTuli ek-
lesia da saxelmwifo moRvaweebi `yove-
li qarTlis~ qveS moiazrebdnen mTel
dasavleT saqarTvelos vidre mdinare
klisuramde , dasaxlebuls qarTveli
xalxiT. amitomac uwodebdnen qveynis am
nawils `qvemo iberias~. rogorc Cans,
imis Semdeg rac mefe miris dros bizan-
tiis saxelmwifom q arTlis mefee bs
daubruna iqamde nawilobriv maT mier
daWerili Savi zRvispira teritoriebi,
Cans iq arsebul berZnul saepiskopo-
soebisaTvis politikuri iurisdiqciis
problema warmoiSva, isini ukve aRar
imyofebodnen bizantiur qveyanaSi, aramed
qarTvelTa saxelmwifoSi, amitomac, Cans,
VIII s-is 50-ian wlebSi maT scades
moe pove bin aT konstantinopolisagan
damoukidebloba, rasac miaRwies anti-
oqiis sapatriarqoSi, xolo imis gamo,
rom VIII s-is bolos, 80-90-ian wleb-
Si Seicvala qarTlis samefo dinastia,
da dasavleTSi warmoC nda afxazuri
samefo dinastia, romelmac gaaerTiana
dasavleTi saqarTvelo, `qvemo iberiis~
eklesias ukve IX s-dan ewoda `afxaze-
Tis sakaTalikoso~.
143 qarTlis cxovreba, t. I, gv. 241; 144 iqve, gv. 242.
367saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
anCis saeklesio kreba (IX s-is 40-iani wlebi)
daaxloebiT 840 wels samxreT saqar-
TveloSi, anCaSi Catarda saeklesio kreba,
romelsac iv. javaxiSvili ̀ adgilobrivs~
uwodebs.145 magram, Cveni azriT, es iyo
episkoposTa kreba, radganac mas ar es-
wreboda kaTalikosi, uromlisodac Zne-
lia krebas `adgilobrivi~ uwodo. Tanac
safiqrebelia, rom anCis krebis dadge-
nileba ar Seiwynara kaTalikosma da igi
gauqmda, radgan krebis mier episkoposo-
bis pativisagan gankveTili anCeli episko-
posi cqiri kvlav dabrunda Tavis kaTe-
draze, rac cxadia kaTalikosis nebis
gareSe ar moxdeboda.
giorgi merCules mier mowodebuli
cnobis Tanaxmad, anCis saepiskoposo say-
darze bagrat kurapalatis Zes aSots
auyvania sarwebis eklesiaSi diakvnad namy-
ofi, tfilisis amira sahak ismailis Zis
mier aRzrdili vinme cqiri. cxadia,
saWiro iyo cqiris episkoposad xel-
dasxma, rac mxolod kaTalikoss SeeZ-
lo, qarTul eklesiaSi miRebuli wesis
Tanaxmad. maSasadame , kaTalikossa da
saero xelisuflebas xeldasxmis Sem-
deg cqiri anCis cnobil saepiskoposo
kaTedraze dausvamT. anCeli episkoposis
eparqiaSi Sedioda klarjeTis cnobili
monasterebi, `klarjeTis didebulni ud-
abnoni, mRvdelni da diakonni maTni an-
CelTa episkoposTagan ikurTxvian~. an-
Cis saepiskoposo kaTedra udidesi mniS-
vnelobisa da Rirsebisa iyo saqarTve-
los kaTedraTa Soris.
giorgi merCules wyarodan metad sain-
teresoa cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom Tbili-
sis mahmadiani amira iyo gamzrdeli qris-
tianisa, romelmac Semdgom
episkoposis pativic ki miiRo.
amasTanav e Tbilisis amiram
uSuamdgomla kidec tao-klar-
jeTis xelmwifis winaSe Tavis
gazrdils, raTa mas qarTul
eklesiaSi Rirseuli adgili
daeWira. am cnobiT kidev erTx-
el dasturdeba gamoTqmuli mo-
sazreba imis Taobaze, rom
qarTul eklesias mniSvnelo-
vani adgili eWira Tbilisis
saamiroSi da iq arabTa da
m a h m a d i a n T a b at o n o b i s a s
saqarTvelos sakaTalikosos
Tavisi didi samrevlo da ek-
lesia-monastrebi hqonda. amiT
unda yofiliyo gamowveuli
amiras mier qristiani yrmis
aRzrda, mis gaepiskoposobaze
z ru n v a , r a c T a v i sT a v a d
gulisxmobda amiras saqmian
urTierTobas qarTlis kaTali-
kosTan, uromlisodac, cxadia,
arc erTi mniSvnelovani saek-
lesio saqme ar aResrulebo-
da. saqarTvelos patriarq mel-
qisedekis sigelidan ac Cans
Tbilisis amirasTan mWidro
urTierToba. melqisedeki wer-
da, `romeli qalaqisa gasava-
li iyo amis wmidisa dedaqala-
qisagan: cxvari, cxeni, Rvino,
zedani da raAca iyo yoveli
ali amiraman amogvigdo da avx-
ade amas wmidasa kaTolike ek-
145 iv. javaxiSvili, qarT. sam. istoria, Txz. VII, gv. 21.
368 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
lesiisa~.146 es niSnavs, rom qarTul ek-
lesias amiram ekonomikuri SeRavaTebi
mianiWa, rac mniSvnelovani saqme iyo. am
mosazrebas adasturebs 1263 wels laSas
Ze mefe daviTis dros mowveuli krebac.
zemoTqmulidan kidev erTxel das-
turdeba, rom saqarTvelos gaerTianebam-
de qarTuli eklesia moicavda qarTvelebiT
dasaxlebul yovel politikur-saxelm-
wifoebriv erTeuls, maT Soris Tbilis-
sa da qvemo qarTlSi. eklesia qarTuli
qveynebis sulieri gamamTlianebeli, gam-
aerTianebeli iyo, miT umetes, rom XI
s-is, 80-iani wlebis Semdeg, arabuli
wyaroebis Tanaxmad, ̀ Tbilisis gamgebloba
TviT xalxs Cauvarda xelSi~.147 es Tbili-
sis gaTav isuflebamde grZ eldeboda.
xalxi albaT qalaqs Tavisi warmomad-
genlebis meSveobiT marTavda, eseni unda
yofiliyvnen ̀ qalaqis berebi~, maT Soris
albaT iyvnen namdvili berebic, qarTu-
li eklesiis warmomadgenlebi, radganac
cxadia `Tbilisis xalxSi~ qristianic
mravali iyo. gansaxilvel epoqaSi IX s-
is Sua wlebSi Tbilisis saxelganTqmu-
li amira sahak ismailis Ze, anu ishak
ibn ismail-Suabi Tbiliss da mimdebare
mxareebsac 23 wlis ganmavlobaSi xali-
fasagan damoukideblad 853 wlamde mar-
Tavda. am wlis 5 agvistos igi buRa
Turqma sikvdiliT dasaja gandgomis gamo.
arabTa centraluri xelisuflebis
mier ajan ye b uli Tbilisis am iras
dasasjelad gamogzav n ili laSqris
winaaRmdeg gamovida da sahakis mxares
dadga egris-afxazeTis samefoc, magram
buRa Turqma amira daamarcxa. aRsaniS-
navia, rom bagrat kurapalati, tao-klar-
jeTis mTavari, buRas mxareze idga.
mematianis sityviT, buRa Turqma `Se-
musra tfilisi, dawva cecxliTa da
moaoxrna yovelni areni misni~.148 `Se-
musra yoveli somxeTi~ armeniis mxaree-
bi. arabebs Tavisi saxalifo provincie-
bad hqondaT dayofili, romelTagan erT-
erTi iyo `armenia~, mas `armeniis vali~
marTavda. Tbilisis saamiro am `armeniis
valis~ emorCileboda. es faqti imiTaa
saintereso, rom arabebi mfarvelobdnen
somxur sarwmunoebas, monofizitobas, vi-
Tarca arabizantiurs, araqalkedoniturs.
diofitizoba _ arabebisaTvis mouTmene-
li iyo, rogorc movses kalankatuacis
cnobebidan Cans, qarTlSi, gansakuTre-
biT ki Tbilissa da qvemo qarTlSi am
dros SedarebiT gaZlierda somxuri ek-
lesia, gansakuTrebiT, qvemo qarTlSi,
ris gamoc am mxareSi Camoyalibda ta-
Sir-Zoraketis _ lore-taSiris somx-
uri samefo. misi mosaxleobis ZiriTad
nawils qarTvelebi Seadgendnen, mmarTv-
el zeda fenas ki monofizitebi, e.i.
`somxebi~ warmoadgendnen. iqamde ki VI-
VII ss-Si tao da misi momijnave qarTu-
li mxare, rogorc cnobilia, somxuri
eklesiis iurisdiqciis qveS moeqca, ris
gamoc adgilobrivi qarTveloba dauax-
lovda somxur kulturasa da civili-
zacias. es qarTuli mxare zogjer somxur
saeklesio centrebsac ki warmoadgenda.
ase iyo nerse somexTa kaTalikosis dro-
sac, romelmac iSxanSi (taoSi) VII s-Si
saepiskoposo centric Seqmna. am dros
somxuri eklesia uniaSi imyofeboda kon-
stantinopolis (bizantiis) eklesiasTan,
amitomac ZiriTadad marTlmadideblobas
aRiarebda. amis gamo, e.i. somxuri ofi-
cialuri eklesiis marTlmadideblobis
146 mcxeTis sabuTi, saq, muzeumis moambe, 1931, VI, gv. 291; 147 narkv., II, gv. 503; 148 qarTliscxovreba, I , gv. 256.
369saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
(qalkedonitobis) gamo, taos qarTveleb-
isaTvis, anu mxaris ZiriTadi mosaxleo-
bisaTvis somxur iurisdiqciaSi yofna
sarwmunoebriv uxerxulobas ar qmnida,
magram VIII-is 20-iani wlebis Semdeg,
rac somxurma oficialurma eklesiam da-
ufaravad aRiara Tavis erTaderT sarw-
munoebriv mimarTulebad monofizitoba,
taosa da, cxadia, klarjeTis mosaxle-
obisaTvis (e.i. eTnikuri qarTvelebisaTvis)
somxuri eklesia miuRebeli gaxda da
isini sixaruliT daubrundnen qarTul
dedaeklesias (miT umetes, rom am droi-
saTvis es teritoriebi bizantiis im-
periis mier iyo xeldebuli), tao-klar-
jelma qarTvelebma sixaruliT miiRes
qarTlidan devnili bagrationi xelisu-
falni da qarTlidan Camosuli qarTve-
li berebi – qarTuli dedaeklesiis Rir-
seuli moRvaweebi.
arabebi aZlierebdnen somxur ekle-
sias misi antiqalkedonuri aRmsareblo-
bis gamo, magram imis Semdeg, rac arab-
uli imperiis erT-erTi provincia `arme-
nia~ ganudga centralur xelisuflebas,
arabTa damsjeli eqspedicia xSirad
laSqravda `armenias~, e.i. somxeTs, ma-
gram, ara somxuri eklesiisa da somexi
xalxis dasjis mizniT, aramed `armeni-
is~ arabi mmarTvelisa da misi Zalis
gasanadgureblad. Tbileli amira sahaki
mok avSir e e bsa da sa yrde n s e Z e bda
qarTvelTa Soris arabuli centraluri
xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg brZolis dros.
magaliTad, misTvis aseTi iyo gardabnis
qarTveloba, romlebic yovelTvis Tbili-
sis amiras uWerdnen mxars.149 amqveyneli
unda yofiliyo `sahakis monaTagani, sax-
eliT gabuloc~, romelic Tbilisis amira-
dac ki dajda. sahakis, SeiZleba iTqvas,
qarTuli orientaciis Sedegi unda yo-
filiyo mis mier qarTveli qristianis
cqiris aRzrda qristianuli wesebis
dacviT da Semdgom misi qarTuli ek-
lesiis episkoposad dasmis survili. mas
esaWiroeboda ara mxolod politikuri
momxreebi qarTul qveynebSi, aramed gav-
leniani momxreebi eklesiaSi. meore mxriv,
sahakis aseTi survili da qmedeba miu-
TiTebs aRniSnul periodSi qarTuli ek-
lesiis siZlieresa da mis did saxelm-
wifoebriv wonas. radgan sahakis qmedeba
arsebiTad mimarTuli iyo arabuli cen-
traluri xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg,
qarTlis kaTalikosi ar ewinaaRmdegebo-
da amira sahakis ganzraxvas, piriqiT,
misi gazrdili cqiri akurTxa episko-
posad da aSotis, mesxeTis mTavris nebar-
TviT dasva anCis saydarze. samwuxarod,
episkoposi cqiri ar aRmoCnda Rirsi am
maRali pativisa, magram misi kaTedri-
dan gadayenebis mizezi, momCivanTa azriT,
iyo ara imdenad misi Selaxuli piradi
Rirseba, aramed darRvevebi samarTlis
sferoSi. tao-klarjeli berebis azriT,
`sabWos samarTali~ moiTxovda, rom kaTa-
likoss mxolod imis Semdeg moexdina
episkoposis xeldasxma anCis saydarze,
roca kandidats eqneboda `yovelTa maT
udabnoTa wameba da wigni yovelTa WeS-
mariti sawamebeli~, saqme isaa, rom an-
Celi episkoposis samwysoSi Sedioda cno-
bili klarjeTis 12 samonastre savane.
maSasadame , adgilobriv i sae klesio
tradicia moiTxovda anCel saepiskoposo
kandidats jer moepovebina am savaneebi-
sagan (udabnoTa) Tanxmoba, Tanac Tanx-
moba werilobiTi saxisa, `sawamebeli~,
anu dasamowmebeli `wignis~ saxiT.150
149 matiane qarTlisa, gv. 254; 150 cxovrebai grigol xanZTelisai, Zveli qarTuli literaturisqrestomaTia, I, 1946, gv. 142.
370 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, aRniSnuli
`wamebaA da TanadgomaA~ (mrevlisa da
samwysos RvTismsaxurebisa) episkoposTa
kurTxevisaTvis mTel maSindel saqar-
TveloSi iyo SemoRebuli wesad.151 Sesa-
Zloa, es marTlac ase iyo, magram gior-
gi merCules azriT, aseTi wesi konkre-
tulad anCis saepiskoposoSi iyo SemoRe-
buli. avtori wers kidec, Tu ra iyo
amis mizezi. es yofila anCis saepisko-
poso kaTedris xandazmuloba, `uricxvi
Jamni~, agreTve is, rom mas hyolia
`episkoposnica mravalni~ da amasTanave
yvela anC eli episkoposi yovelTvis
ZvelTaganve yofila `umizezo, wmida da
Rirsi~ _ `viTarca Sehgavs wmidisa mas
saydarsa qalwulebiT damarxulsa gaxr-
wnisagan wvalebisa gularZnilisa moZ-
Rvrebisa saxelsa zeda wmidisa qristes
RmrTisa xatisasa aRSenebulsa~.152 e .i.
wmida da Rirseuli episkoposebi imitom
SeSvenis anCis saepiskoposos, rom man
qalwulebrivad daicva Tavi mwvalebleb-
isagan. cxadia, aq igulisxmeba is, rom
anCis mezoblad taoSi mdebare iSxnis
da sxva qarTulma saepiskoposoebma ver
SeZles Tavis dacva somxuri eklesiisa-
gan da VI-VII ss-Si misi iurisdiqciis
qveS moeqcnen, xolo anCis saydari, anu
saepiskoposo yovelTvis diofizituri,
anu marTlmadidebluri yofila. amasTan
dakavSirebiT ismis kiTxva, xom ar miiC-
nies anCis saepiskoposo kaTedraze asu-
li cqiri prosomxuri orientaciis pi-
rad? amis mizezic hqondaT, Tbilisis
saamiro, rogorc aRvniSneT, arabul
provincia `armeniaSi~ Sedioda, sadac
arabebi somxur eklesias araTu avi-
wroebdnen, aramed xels uwyobdnen kidec.
Tbilisis saamiroSic, gansakuTrebiT ki
qvemo qarTlSi, amis gamo somxur ekle-
sias didi gasaqani mieca. amitomac, cx-
adia, somxuri eklesiisagan dazarale-
bulad miCneul mxares, kerZod ki tao-
klarjeTis qarTvel berebs sruli safuZ-
veli hqondaT saeWvod mieCniaT Tbili-
sis amira sahakis aRzrdili cqiris an-
Cis saydarze asvla. uwoda kidec cqirs
giorgi merCulem `RvarZli sarwebs aR-
mocenebuli~,153 magram daeWveba, cxadia,
ar iyo sakmarisi mis gadasayeneblad,
amitomac moiZebna zemoaRniSnuli safuZ-
veli _ qarTlis kaTalikoss adgilo-
brivi `sabWos samarTlis~ mixedviT,
ufleba ar hqonda klarjeTis monastre-
bis dasamowmebeli `wignebis~ (anu Tanx-
mobis) gareSe anCis saydris episkoposi
daesva. ufro metic, cqirs adgilobrivi
mmarTvelobis winaSe uSuamdgomla Tbili-
sis amiram, romelsac uari ver uTxra
aSotma. `amgvarad cqirma `mZlavrebiT
daipyra anCi~. erTxel uweso gzaze
damdgars erTimeoreze ufro mcdari
saqcieli Caudenia: `SesZina Zviri Zvir-
sa misa zeda~.154 `uwesoebaTa~ Sesaxeb
SeniSnes cqirs meudabnoe mamebma, `ka-
Tolike eklesiis samwysom~ da ufro ki
mama grigolma `rameTu udabnoebis ar-
qimandriti iyo~. brZola ise gaZlier-
da, rom cqirs mama grigolis mosakla-
vad kacic ki dauqiravebia, magram did-
ma saswaulma es danaSauli CaSala. cqiri
kidev ufro gaborotda. amitom `erTo-
biT auwyes yoveli didsa mas xelm-
wifesa aSot kurapalatsa da brZanebi-
Ta misiTa yovelTa maT moweseTa anCisa
kaTolike eklesiiTa wigni misweres qar-
Tlisa kaTalikosisasa mimarT da mis
151 iv. javaxiSvili, Txzulebani, t. VII , 1984, gv. 20; 152 cxovrebai grigol xanZTelisai, gv. 143;153 iqve , gv. 144; 154 iv. javaxiSvili, VII, gv. 21;
371saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
mier episkoposni Rirsni moiwines anCs
da maT Tana Semokribes yovelni igi
meudabnoeni mamani~.155
anCis krebis mimdinareoba aseTi yofi-
la: qarTlis kaTalikosis mier gamogza-
vnili episkoposebisa da meudabnoe mame-
bis garda, krebas eswreboda `yovelni
mRvdelni da mrevlni anCisani~. krebas
did Rirsebas matebda `moqmedi netari
deda febronia~. giorgi merCulis azriT,
kreba iyo `wmida mimsgavsebuli pirvel-
Ta maT wmidaTasa~.
krebaze wmida mamebma episkoposebs
warudgines braldeba cqiris mimarT. kaTa-
likosis mier warmogzavnilma ierarqeb-
ma saqmis viTareba moismines, ris Semde-
gac krebam ganaCeni gamoitana, ganaCeni
maSinve iqna aRsrulebuli. giorgi mer-
Cule wers _ `winaSe episkoposTa maT
warmouTxres cqirsa samarTali, usju-
loebaA misi, sarwmunoTa maT saswaul-
Ta moqmedTa kacTa warmdebi mizezi aug-
Ta misTaA piris-pir~.156
ganaCeni da misi aRsruleba aseTi
yofila: ̀ maSin sarwmunoTa maT mRvdelT-
moZRvarTa gankveTes igi pativisagan mi-
sisasa da mamaman grigol da dedaman
febronia Semosili sakurTxeveliT STa-
moiyvanes da winaSe sakurTxevelsa gan-
Zarcves da yovelTa erTobiT ganxades
kaTolike eklesiiT, viTarca-Ra aso dam-
pali mwvalebelTaebr yovliT-kerZove
Sjulisa gardamavali ganidevna igi~.155
episkoposis gandevna moxda, rogorc
Cans, rogorc kaTalikosis nebarTvis, ise
adgilobrivi xelmwifis Tanxmobis gareSe,
amiT unda yofiliyo gamowveuli is, rom
cqiri kvlav daabrunes Tavis kaTedraze.
cqiri, mematianis TqmiT, ̀ tfilis warvida
sahak amirisa, patronisa Tvisisave da
wyinebiTa misiTa reca mieSua kurapa-
lati da kualad mZlevarebiT daipyra
anCis saydari~.156 kurapalati moridebia
Tbilisis amiras ganawyenebas da anCis
kaTedra cqirisaTvis daubrunebia, rac
ukaTalikosod ar moxdeboda. aRsaniSna-
via, rom xalxi, `eri anCisaA~, samwyso,
anCelis, e.i. cqiris gverdiT damdgara.
am dros, rogorc Cans, Tavi iCina ek-
lesiis istoriaSi cnobilma davam ek-
lesiis meTaur-episkoposebsa da monas-
tris berebs Soris. saeklesio kanonebis
mcodne v. cipinis azriT, saerTo, saek-
lesio kanonmdebloba monastrebs Seexo
V s-Si. qalkedonis krebis mamebma me-4
kanonSi ganacxades: `zogi samonazvno
saxiT Semosili Slis saeklesio da samo-
qalaqo saqmeebs. TviTneburad dadis
qalaqSi da mxolod amas ki ar Cadis,
aramed gabedulad iwyebs TavisTvis mo-
nastris Senebas. miviCnevT, aravin ara-
sodes ar unda aaSenos monasteri da
samRvdlo saxli im qalaqis episkoposis
Tanxmobis gareSe, TiToeuli qalaqisa
da soflis monazvnebi unda daemorCil-
on maT episkoposs, Seiyvaron siCume,
mxolod marxvasa da locvaSi unda iyvnen
gankrZalulebi da momTmenni imave adgi-
las, sadac maTi amqveyniuri cxovre-
bidan gansvla Sedga Tavdapirvelad. nurc
saeklesio da nurc amqveyniur saqmeebSi
nu Caerevian da nu miiReben monawile-
obas. nu dastoveben Tavis monasters,
garda iseTi SemTxvevisa, roca qalaqis
episkoposi ubrZanebs wasvlas raime
saWiro saqmeze~. 15 7 v. cipinis azriT,
qalkedoniti mamebis mizani am kanonis
miRebis dros iyo `daecvaT saeklesio
155 grigol xanZTelis cxovreba, qrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 145; 156 iqve , gv. 146; 157 didi sjuliskanoni,IV ms. kr. me-4 muxli, saq. e kl. kalendari, 1987, gv. 218.
372 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mmarTveloba `mousvenari berebis~ uwe-
so Carevisagan~.158 samonastro sazoga-
doebebi moyvanili kanonis Tanaxmad,
moeqcnen episkoposis daqvemdebarebaSi. 157
rogorc qalkedonis krebis aRniSnu-
li (me-4) kanoni uCvenebs, episkoposis
nebarTvis gareSe ikrZaleboda monastris
mSenebloba, maSasadame, unebarTvo mSeneblo-
ba _ ukanono iyo, aqedan gamomdinare,
gasagebi xdeba anCeli episkoposis qmedeba,
roca man `Sekriba eri anCisaA da warav-
lina darRvevad xanZTisa~.159
es Cveni eklesiis istoriisaTvis
sruliad gaugebari qmedebaa dRevandeli
TvalTaxedviT, magram maSin anCel episko-
poss qalkedonis me-4 kanonis Sesabamis-
ad, SeeZlo ukanonod mieCnia monastreb-
is daumorCilebloba da unebarTvo samo-
nastro mSeneblobebis momizezebiT gada-
ewyvita maTi dangreva. rom ar hqonoda
episkoposs Sesabamisi saeklesio sakanon-
mdeblo baza, cxadia, igi ver gabedavda
kurapalatTa winaaRmdeg wasvlas, maSin,
roca isini xels uwyobdnen da saxsrebs
iRebdnen mSeneblobisaTvis, episkoposs
ki misi dangreva surda, magram sabedni-
erod xanZTa uflis nebiT dangrevas ga-
darCa, _ cqiri uecrad gardaicvala.
giorgi merCule iqve ganmartavs, rom
klarjeTis monastrebi sazogadod ki ar
eurCebodnen anCel episkoposebs, aramed
aseTi iyo mxolod cqiri. ̀ romelman Cven,
glaxakTa, SvilTa mamisa grigolisTa,
yvedrebaA mogvispo da umecrebiT mayve-
drebelsa sircxvili daumkvidra... bralTa
misTa yvedrebaT, romelsa eWudes, mouspen
netarisa mamisa grigolisa madliTa,
romeli qveyanasa zeda cxovndeboda vi-
Tarca angelozi~.160 maSasadame , wm. grig-
olis gardacvalebis Semdegac eklesia-
Si yofilan adamianebi, romelnic brals
debdnen da yvedrebas ambobdnen albaT
wmida moRv awis grigolis mowafeTa
e.i. berebis mimarT, Cans zemomoyvanili
msgavsi ambebis gamo.160
sazogadod, VII-X ss-Si saqarTveloSi
eklesias hqonda gansakuTrebuli mdgo-
mareoba. mecnier-specialistebis azriT,
IX-X ss-Si sasuliero xelisufleba cdi-
lobda saeroze upiratesobis mopovebas,
ufro metic, eklesias surda qveynis
mmarTvelobis xelSi Cagdeba. 161 aseT
qmedebas iv. javaxiSvili uwodebs `ceza-
ro-papizms~, magram, cezaro-papizmi ma-
Sinaa msgavsi qmedeba, roca samefo xe-
lisufleba (da ara saeklesio) Tavis
xelSi iRebs saeklesio mmarTvelobas (ase
iyo zogjer bizantiasa da ruseTSi zo-
gierTi RvTismetyvelis azriT), saqar-
TveloSi ki am dros piriqiT iyo _ ek-
lesia saero mmarTvelobis Tavis xelSi
aRebas cdilobda ara imis gamo, rom es
mas surda, aramed imis gamo, rom qvey-
nis centraluri mmarTveloba moSlili
iyo jer sparsTa, Semdeg bizantielTa
da arabTa mier. amis gamo saepiskopo-
soebi da saeklesio kerebi iqcnen qveya-
naSi moSlili kanonierebis damcvelebad
anda kanonierebis mosarCleebad, miT
umetes, rom xelisufleba dauZlurebu-
li iyo, xolo eklesia ki, piriqiT, did
Zalas warmoadgenda.
amis kargi magaliTia motanili, gan-
saxilvel epoqaSi Seqmnil, serapion
zarzmelis cxovreb aSi. imJamindeli
saqarTvelos erT-erT centralur kuTxeSi
_ samcxeSi moiSala samTavro xelisu-
fleba, centraluri xelisuflebis ar-
158 D& Wsgby^ Wthrjdyjt ghfdj^ 1994 ^ c& 175$ 159 qrestomaTia, gv. 146; 160 Zveli qarTuli literaturisqrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 147; 161 narkv., II , gv. 448.
373saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
seboba nawarmoebSi ki saerTod ar Cans.
qveyanaSi daiwyo didi `SfoTi da uwe-
soeba~, urTierTkvla da ojaxebis ga-
nadgureba. sabolood, saqveyno Zalau-
fleba Tavis xelSi aiRo mawyverelma
episkoposma giorgim, romelmac qveyana-
Si wesrigi daamyara Svid weliwadSi,
meSfoTe mTavrebis qoneba ki eklesias
gadasca. kerZod, beSqen bahlaundis Zes,
did mTavar mirians colad hyavda aseve
didi mTavris giorgi CorCanelis daA
latavri (Tekla), romelTanac gauCnda
Svilebi sula, beSqen da laklaki. agreTve
hyoliaT qaliSvilic. mTavari giorgi uS-
vilod gardaicvala, Tavisi qoneba das
dautova. roca Svilebi wamoizardnen,
siZemac moiTxova wili qonebidan _ `naw-
il uc mamulsa Tana Tqvensa dasa amas
Tqvensa, vinaidgan Tqvenca dedisa mier
gaqvs~, e.i. Tavis colisZmebs mosTxova,
rom miecaT disTvis nawili qonebidan.
imJamindeli wesiT, Cans, qonebis memkvi-
dre ara mxolod vaJebi iyvnen, amitom
siZem ganacxada, rom ojaxSi qoneba de-
dis (qalis) mxridan iyo Sesuli, maSas-
adame, qalsac (das) ekuTvnis wilio. am
davis gamo laklakma mokla Tavisi siZe.
amis Semdeg sami wlis manZilze ojax-
ebs Soris didi SuRli Camovarda. sab-
olood, awyuris saepiskoposo kaTedraze
avida giorgi Suartyleli, romelmac
`xelT idva ra gangeba samcxisa, daawy-
nara yoveli sabrZanebeli Tvisi, viTarca
wes iyo da daipyra yoveli mamuli da
eklesiani pirvelTa maT meSfoTeTani~. 162
imis Semdeg, rac episkoposma xelSi
aiRo `gangeba samcxisa~ da `daipyra ma-
muli da eklesiani~ meSfoTeebisa, Svidi
wlis ganmavlobaSi samcxis qveyanaSi
`dascxres da dadumnes yovelive Sfo-
Tiani da uwesobani wmidisa amis mRvdelT
moZRvarisa giorgis mier~. mwerali giorgi
mawyverelis mier saero Zalauflebis
Tavis xelSi aRebas ̀ did saqmes~ uwodebs,
radganac man `daawynara yoveli sabrZa-
nebeli viTarca wes iyo~. episkopos gior-
gi mawyverelis amgvari qmedeba gamonak-
lisi ki ar yofila, aramed saqarTve-
los, kerZod, mesxeTis imJamindeli wesi.
aseTi ram xdeboda dasavleT evropis
eklesiaSic, roca romis saimperatoro
xelisufleba moiSala, saepiskoposoebi
iqcnen qveyanaSi kanonierebis centrebad,
da radganac eklesias didi Zala hqon-
da, episkoposTa nawili saero mmarTve-
lad, kanonmdeblad gadaiqca, swored
ganxilul dros VII-IX ss-Si. CvenSi
saero-samefo xelisufleba da, maSasa-
dame, saxelmwifoebriobis umTavresi el-
ementi moispo jer sparselTa mier VI
s-Si, roca maT mefoba droebiT gaau-
qmes, Semdeg ki arabebis Semosevebisas.
amis gamo provinciebSi Zalaufleba xe-
lSi aiRes adgilobrivma mTavrebma, ma-
gram isini ZiriTadad urTierTqiSpis, ume-
tesad ki mtrebTan brZolis gamo ver
gaZlierdnen . amis nebas arc iZleoda
dampyrobeli. mtrisagan Tavisufal saqar-
Tvelos kuTxeebSi TandaTan gamoikveT-
nen samTavro xelisufalni, male isini
qveynis mmarTvel mefeebad iqcnen. Camoy-
alibda tao-klarjeTis, afxazTa da her-
kaxTa kuTxuri samefoebi. tao-klarjeTSi
(da saerTod saqarTveloSi) am epoqaSi
eklesiis da samTavro xelisuflebis urT-
ierTobisa Tu urTierTdapirispirebis
Sesaxeb wers m. lorTqifaniZe _ ̀ rogorc
cnobilia, samTavroSi sasuliero xelisu-
162 cxovreba serapion zarzmelisa, qrestomaTia, 1946, gv. 96.
374 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
fleba didi avtoritetiT sargeblobs
da did Zalas warmoadgens qveynis cx-
ovrebaSi. sasuliero xelisufleba cdi-
lobs kidec upiratesobis mopovebas
saeroze, yovel SemTxvevaSi, saero xe-
lisuflebisagan damoukideblobis mis-
wrafebas sasuliero xelisufleba aSkar-
ad avlens... eklesia did Zalad iqceva,
is, saerTod, qveynis mmarTvelobis xel-
Si Cagdebas lamobs. Widili saeklesio
da saero-samoqalaqo xelisuflebas So-
ris, sabolood ukanasknelis gamarjve-
biT mTavrdeba~.163
rogorc Cans, tao-klarjeTSi, kax-
eTsa da hereTSic qarTuli eklesiis
xelSi did Zalauflebas unda moeyara
Tavi. kaxeTis `qorepiskoposobis~ insti-
tuti eklesiisagan unda iyos aRmoceneb-
uli. rogorc cnobilia, kaxeTSi qorepis-
koposebi SemdgomSi saero mTavrebad ga-
daiqcnen . amis damamtkicebel erT-erT
magaliTad migvaCnia aRniSnul epoqaSi,
kerZod, IX s-is Sua xanebSi gardabnis
sakmaod did mxareSi `xucis~ Svilis
gamTavreba. buRa Turqma sahak Tbilisis
amiras mokvlis Semdeg `Seipyra xucisa
visime Ze, romeli mTavar iyo gardabans
da Semusra gardabani~.164
rogorc iTqva, eklesiis xelSi saero
xelisuflebis elementebi eqceoda us-
axelmwifoebriobis dros, roca ar ar-
sebobda saxelmwifo xelisufleba. ase
iTqmis gansakuTrebiT im provinciebis
Sesaxeb, sadac ver wvdeboda dampyro-
belTa Zalaufleba, adgilobrivi saero
xelisufleba jer gamokveTili ar iyo,
xolo erovnuli, centralizebuli sax-
elmwifo ki ukve aRar arsebobda.
ase iyo tao-klarjeTSic. marTalia,
aq gamoikveTa saero xelisufleba, romel-
ic akurTxa eklesiam wmida grigol xan-
ZTelis piriT, magram eklesiis avtori-
teti, gansakuTrebiT ki monastrebisa,
Zalze didi iyo, amitomac cqiris sak-
iTxTan dakavSirebiT kurapalati did an-
gariSs uwevs maT, meore mxriv, eklesiis
centraluri mmarTveloba kaTalikosis
saxiT aSkarad miiCnevs saWirod Tbili-
sis amirasaTvis angariSis gawevas saer-
To saeklesio saqmis sasargeblod, am
pozicias eTanxmeba kurapalatic. amito-
mac, rogorc aRiniSna, anCis saeklesio
krebis ganCineba gadaisinja da cqiri
kvlav daabrunes saepiskoposo kaTedraze,
es unda momxdariyo cxadia, sahak amiras
sicocxleSive, e .i. 853 wlamde.
163 saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, t. II, 1973, gv. 448; 164 qarTlis cxovreba, IV, gv. 130.
375saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
javaxeTis saeklesio kreba (IX s-is 60-iani wlebi)
IX s-is 60-ian wlebSi `xelmwifed~
wodebulma mamfalma guaram didma `br-
Zana Sekreba episkoposTa da udabnoTa
mamaTa da yovelni Semokrbes javaxeTs~. 165
am epoqaSi `qarTuli eklesiisa da
samwysos gasaocar zrdas mWevrmetyve-
lurad mowmobs axaldaarsebuli `sam-
Rvdel-moZRvroni~, magaliTad, `qarTlis
cxovrebis~ Tanaxmad, bagrat kurapalatma
(826-876) aRadgina iSxanSi saepiskoposo
da pirvelad `iqmna saba episkopos iSx-
ansa zeda~, erisTavT erisTavma aSot
kuxma (+918 w.) `aRaSena tbeTi SavSeTs
da dasva pirvelad episkoposad sanatreli
stefane~, adarnase (887-923) daviT kura-
palatis Zem `aRaSena bana, xeliTa kvir-
ike banelisaTa, romeli iqmna pirvel
episkopoz banel~, giorgi afxazTa mefem
(921-955) `aRaSena saydari Wyondidisa,
Se qmn a saep iskopozod da ganamSve na
simravliTa wmidiTa martvilTaTa~ .
qarTvelebis imdroindeli sisxlsavse
sulieri da sazogadoebrivi cxovreba,
xolo qarTuli eklesiis didi uflebebi
da upiratesobani kargadaa asaxuli gior-
gi merCules ukvdav qmnilebaSi `cxovre-
baA grigol xanZTelisaA~. masSi ̀ qarTuli
eklesia warmogvidgeba, rogorc didi xnis
winaT Camoyalibebuli saeklesio orga-
nizacia, romelsac gaaCnia damoukidebe-
li avtokefaluri eklesiisaTvis damax-
asiaTebeli yvela atributi~.166
qarTuli eklesia medgrad aRudga win
arabTa Semosevebs. arabTa laSqrobebi
iyo ara mxolod dapyrobiTi, aramed
mcdeloba mahmadianobis gavrcelebisa.
saqarTveloSi arabTa laSqrobaTa Sed-
egad kidev ufro dasustda erT dros
saxelovani qarTuli samefo dinastia
xosroianebisa, vaxtang gorgasalis STa-
momavlebisa: ̀ xolo amieriTgan iwyo Sem-
cirebad mefobaman didTa xuasroanTa-
man... ukeTu vinme gamoCndis SvilTa Soris
vaxtangisaTa, romelimc Rirs iyo mefed,
iqmnis Semcirebul sarkinozTagan~.167 ar-
abebma daipyres Tbilisi da saamiros cen-
trad aqcies. gamahmadianda ̀ mravali eri~.168
Zveli samefo dinastiis TandaTano-
biTi gaqrobis kvaldakval qarTulma ek-
lesiam iRvawa axlis mosaZieblad da
warmosaCenad. yuradRebis centrSi moeq-
ca bagrationTa saxli, romelsac Cveni
mematianeebi da grigol xanZTeli (maSas-
adame, eklesia) _ `daviT winaswarmetyve-
lis STamomavlebs (naTesavebs)~ uwodebd-
nen. daviT winaswarmetyveli ki `xor-
cielad mamad RmrTisad iwoda~. bizan-
tiam xeli Seuwyo arabTagan devnil
bagrationTa saxlis aRzevebas imiT, rom
bizantiis gavlenis sferoSi moqceul
s am xr eT s aq a r Tv eloS i cn o ma T i
mmarTveloba da saxlis yvelaze ufro
gamoCenil pirebs sakariskaco tituls -
kurapalatis wodebas aniWebda. meore
mxriv, bagrationebis samefo saxlma Zveli
- `xosroianTa~ samefo dinastiisagan mi-
iRo qveynis mmarTvelobis legitimuri
ufleba `mefis~ wodebisa. legitimuro-
bis ufleba aseTi gziT ganxorcielebu-
la: adarnase bagrationis qaliSvili
latavri SeirTo xosroian-gorgaslovan
165 giorgi merCule, `cxovrebai grigol xanZTelisai~ Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturisZeglebi, 1964, wigni I, gv. 287; 166 saqarTvelos istoriis n arkvevebi, II, gv. 1973, gv. 598; 167 q.c.I, gv. 250 ; 168 iqve, gv. 251.
376 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
mefeTa STamomavalma juanSer arCilis
Zem. bizantiisa da imdroindel bizanti-
ur samyaroSi miRebuli wesis Tanaxmad,
qalsa (rZalsa) da mis naTesavebsac ma-
makacTa darad gadaecemodaT saxlis
ufleba. bizantiis istoriidan cnobi-
lia mravali magaliTi, roca romelime
imperatoris gardacvalebis Semdeg im-
peratoris wodebas iRebda Zveli imper-
atoris meuRlis Zma an naTesavi. legit-
imurobis gadacemis ufleba qalis gziT
saqarTveloSic rom yofila gavrcele-
buli, es kargad Cans `abo Tbilelis
wamebidan~: gandevnili nerse erisTavis
magier qarTlis erisTavad arab eb ma
daayenes stefanoz gurgenis Ze. nerses
`erisTavobis~ wodeba miaCnda Tavisi ̀ sax-
lis uflebad~, magram stefanoz gurge-
nis ZisaTvis erisTavis pativis miniWeba
ar miiCnia Tavisi ̀ saxlis uflebis~ Seu-
racxyofad, gaexarda kidec, radganac
stefanozi misi diswuli iyo, diswuli-
saTvis `erisTavobis~ pativis miniWeba
nersem Tavisi `saxlis uflebis~ dacvad
miiCnia: `rameTu ufleba~ igi saxlisa
misisagan ara ganaSora RmerTman~. ara-
bebma `stefanoz, diswuli nersesi nacv-
lad dedis Zmisa Tvisisa nerseAsa erisTa-
vad qveyanasa amas qarTlad~ warmoagza-
vnes. aqedan Cans, rom saxlis legit-
imuri ufleba `erisTavobisa~ Tu `mefo-
bisa~ gadaecemoda qalis naTesavebsac.
am zemoaRniSnuli uflebis gamo Zvel
saqarTveloSi miCneuli iyo, rom `xos-
roian-gorgaslianTa~ saxlis ufleba
`qarTvelTa mefed~ wodebisa bagrationeb-
is saxlSi Se v ida latavris gziT .
rogorc aRiniSna, adarnase bagration-
is qaliSvili SeirTo arCil mefis vaJ-
ma juanSerma. amis Semdeg ukve adar-
nase bagrationis yovel STamomavals
ufleba hqonda pretendenti yofiliyo
`qarTlis~ an `qarTvelTa~ mefed wode-
bisa gorgaslovan mefeTa darad. ase
miiRo latavris Zmam aSot kurapalat-
ma mefed wodebis ufleba.
adarnase bagrationi
(arCil mefis vasali)
latavri aSot kurapalati
(+826)
daviT
kurapalati (+881)
aSot adarnase
bagrat I
kurapalati
adarnase I
(+869)
guaram
(+882)
arCil mefe (+744)
(xosroian-gorgasliani)
SuSan
da misi dani
iovane juanSer
nasra
(+881)
+
377saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
a m ito m a c uwod e b s ` m at i a n e
qarTlisaAs~ avtori aSot kurapalats
`mefes~: `Semdgomad sikvdilisa adar-
nasesisa ganadida ufalman mefoba aSot
kurapalatisa~.16 9
aSot kurapalati mowameobrivad aRes-
rula. mtrebma igi mokles `eklesiasa
Sina da sisxli misi, romeli maSin daiTx-
ia, awca ixilvis viTaca axali~, igi
mouklavT 829 wlis 29 ianvars.
rogorc iTqva, aSot kurapalatis um-
crosma vaJma guaram mamfalma moiwvia
javaxeTis saeklesio kreba. guaram ̀ didi~,
`xelmwife~, rogorc mas uwodebs mat-
iane, qarTuli eklesiis erT-erTi udidesi
aRmaSenebeli da misi erTguli moRvawe
iyo. man `meored aRaSena~ opizas cno-
bili monasteri klarjeTSi, bolos mon-
azvnad aRikveca da opizaSi daikrZala.
am dros qarTuli eklesiis sasulie-
ro birTvi, sakaTalikoso kari, rogorc
Cans, arabTa Semosevebis mizeziT Sida
qarTlSi Seqmnili mZime viTarebis gamo
samxreT saqarTveloSi iyo gadanacvle-
buli _ samcxesa, klarjeTsa Tu taoSi,
mcxeTeli kaTalikosis Rirsebis dacvi-
saTvis yoveli RoniT zrunavdnen iqauri
mTavrebi. Cans, am mizezis gamo SeZlo
samcxis mTavarma mirianma kaTalikos il-
arion I-is (daaxl. 850-860) gardacvaleb-
is Semdeg, samcxeli didebulebis mxar-
daWeriT, sakaTalikoso taxtze aeyvana
Tavisi Ze arsen I (daaxl. 860-887). am
droisaTvis samxreT saqarTvelos erT-
erTi didi `xelmwife~ guaram mamfali
`gulZvirad~ yofila ganwyobili samcx-
eli mTavris mirianis mimarT. mis mier
sakaTalikoso taxtze arsenis ayvana
`mZlavrobad~ gamoucxadebia da ubrZa-
nebia saeklesio krebis mowveva, raTa
axali kaTalikosi saeklesio wesebis
dacviT saeklesio krebas aerCia. guaram
mamfalis xelmwifebis qveS am dros im-
yofeboda javaxeTi, TrialeTi, taSiri,
aboci da artani. am dros sarkinozebT-
an (arabebTan) medgrad ibrZoda guarami
`hbrZoda sarkinozTa, zogjer sZlis
guaram da zogjer sarkinozTa,170 qarT-
li, kerZod ki Sida qarTli, brZolis
areals warmoadgenda. mis dasaufleblad
qarTvelebi da arab-somxebi erTmaneTs
ebrZodnen. arabebi da somxebi am droi-
saTvis gaerTianebuli ZaliT axerxebd-
nen Sida qarTlis mniSvnelovan cixeTa
daWerasac ki. es qarTvel (kerZod, ki
afxaz da tao-klarjel) xelisufal-
TaTvis mouTmeneli iyo. guaram mamfal-
ma, rogorc iTqva, Tavisi mklavis ZaliT
SeZlo javaxeTisa da mimdebare mxareeb-
is daWera. javaxeTSive mowveul krebas
unda ganexila arsen I-is kaTalikosad
wodebis kanonikurobis sakiTxi.
giorgi merCule ase aRwers krebis
wina viTarebas: `didi arseni qarTlisa
kaTalikoz iqmna. . . aramed qarTlisa
episkoposni mirean arsenis mamisaTvis
friad gulwyebul iyvnes amis mizezi-
saTvis, rameTu Tvinier ganzraxvisa ma-
Tisa mZlavr samcxisa eriTa Ze Tvisi
daadgina kaTalikosad TanadgomiTa da
kurTxeviTa mcirediTa episkoposTaATa~.171
maSasadame , guaram mamfalze ufro
metad iyvnen ̀ qarTlis episkopozni~ gul-
gamwyralni da nawyeni, radganac samcx-
is mTavarma daarRvia maTi wmidaTawmida
ufleba _ aerCiaT Tavisi kaTalikosi.
romelime eklesiis avtokefaliis arsi,
cnobili kanon iste b is ganmartebiT ,
169 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 252; 170 iqve , gv. 257; 171 cxovrebai grigol xanZTelisai, Zveli qarTuliagiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I , 1964 , gv. 287.
378 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
swored imaSi mdgomareobs, rom am ek-
lesiis episkoposebs SeuZliaT airCion
TavianTi eklesiis meTauri. Tu eklesiis
meTaurs ar irCeven am eklesiis episko-
posebi, aramed niSnavs sxva, ucxo ek-
lesiis meTauri, maSin aRniSnuli ekle-
sia avtokefaluri ar aris. meore mxriv,
eklesiis TavisTavadobas maSinac ecle-
ba safuZveli da meryevi xdeba, rodesac
eklesiis meTaurs niSnavs romelime saero
xelisufali episkoposTa umravlesobis
nebis gauTvaliswineblad. ase rom, sam-
cxis mTavarma mirianma ara mxolod saek-
lesio kanonebi daarRvia, roca episko-
posTa umravlesobis ufleba SebRala,
aramed qarTuli eklesiis TavisTava-
dobasac garkveulwilad ziani miayena.
aseTi mdgomareoba, cxadia, miuRebeli
iyo qarTuli eklesiis iseTi udidesi
mfarvelisaTvis, rogoric iyo im droi-
saTvis guaram mamfali, miT umetes, rom
mis samflobeloSi, rogorc Cans, gad-
mosuli iyo droebiT, mcxeTis sakaTa-
likoso kari. guaram mamfali valdebu-
li iyo gaeTvaliswinebina qarTlis episko-
posTa umravlesobis survili da daek-
mayofilebina maTi `friadi gulwyebule-
ba~. am saqmis movla da garkveva SeeZlo
saeklesio krebas.
krebis mowvevis Semdeg, guaramis brZa-
nebis Sesabamisad, javaxeTSi movidnen
episkoposebi da `udabnoTa mamebi~, e.i.
monasterTa winamZRvar-moZRvrebi. daigvi-
ana mxolod `udabnoTa varskvlavma~, ar-
qimandritma grigol xanZTelma da zo-
gierTma ̀ udabnos~ sxva winamZRvarma mamam.
arqimandrit netar grigols `wadierad
moelodnen yovelni~. grigol xanZTels
udidesi avtoriteti hqonda eklesiaSi,
imdenad, rom saeklesio krebamac ki misi
monawileobis gareSe ar ineba muSaobis
dawyeba. amasTanave , isic unda aRiniS-
nos, rom Zvel epoqaSi, ruis-urbnisis
krebamde, eklesiaSi sazogadod didi iyo
wona moZRvrebisa, monasterTa winamZRvre-
bze Tu arafers vityviT. imdenad didi
iyo moZRvarTa, e.i. episkoposobis pa-
tivis armqone samRvdeloTa wona, rom
episkoposebi maTgan garkveulwilad SezRud-
ulebic ki iyvnen `wesisa da rjulis
maswavleblobis~ sferoSi, amitomac ruis-
urbnisis krebam sagangebo muxli miuZRvna
`moZRvarTa~ SezRudvisa da maTi raode-
nobis Semcireba-regulirebis sakiTxs,
rac ganxilulia qvemoT. aRsaniSnavia,
rom Zveli eklesiis es Tviseba amJama-
dac SemorCenilia somxur eklesiaSi, sa-
dac moZRvars `arqimandrit-varTapets~
udidesi avtoriteti aqvs da misi avtori-
teti `rjulis maswavleblobis~ sferoSi
ar Camouvardeba episkoposisas.
krebaze arqimandrit grigol xanZ-
Telis mosvlas Tan daerTo udidesi
saswaulebrivi niSani. am TvaliT xi-
lulma saswaulma gansazRvra krebis
msvleloba da Searbila episkoposTa
`friadi gulwyebuleba~ maTi nebarTvis
gareSe sakaTalikoso taxtze aRzeve-
buli arsenis mimarT.
es saswauli iyo Semdegi saxisa: `ix-
iles wmida~ igi (grigoli) momavali
karauliTa Soris krebulsa mas mamaTasa
sakvirvelad xilviTa, rameTu samoseli
igi Seuracxi, romel emosa moxucebul-
sa mas, esreT Canda, viTarca samoseli
naTlisa brwyinvalisa ganucdelisa. xolo
Tavsa missa kukuli ixilveboda, viTarca
gvirgvini sameufo patiosanTa TvalTa
da margalitTagan fasdaudebelTa aRmku-
li~.172 maSasadame , grigolze moweuli
172 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I, 1964 , gv. 287.
379saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
saswauli msgavsi iyo feriscvalebisa,
uflis saswaulebrivi saxecvlisa, roca
misi tanisamosi ganspetakda, xolo saxe
gabrwyinda, viTarca mze. aRsaniSnavia,
rom grigolis mowafeebzec aseTi dide-
bis naTlis sveti ixilveboda.
jer kidev krebis dawyebamde eruS-
nelma episkoposma ganacxada `odes mov-
ides varskvlavi igi udabnoTa, maSin
ganemarTos saqme da ganzraxva yovel-
Ta~, radganac grigolis mosvlamdec
saubrobdnen `wesis winamZRvarni~ arse-
nis kaTalikosobis irgvliv, magram ve-
raferi gadawyvites. rogorc iTqva,
grigols `wadierad moelodes yovelni~,
axla ki grigolis saswaulebrivma mo-
brZanebam misi yoveli sityva da neba
episkoposTaTvis ueWvel aRsasrulebel
saqmed aqcia. guaram mamfali, romli-
saTvisac, rogorc xelmwifisaTvis, yve-
laze maRl a idga we sie re b i sa da
kanonierebis dacva, miT umetes, saekle-
sio sferoSi, ucnobi yofila episkopos-
Ta es bolo gadawyvetileba.
saeklesio kreba daiwyo. igi gaxsna
guaram mamfalma Tavisi Sesavali si-
tyviT: `wmidano mamano, episkoposno da
meudab noe no , iciT yov elTa kanon i
Sjulisa, rameTu ara brZanebs episko-
posisa da kaTalikozisa mZlavrobiT
dajdomasa~,173 amis Semdgom guaramma si-
tyva gaagrZela momxdari ukanonobis ir-
gvliv: `amas sityvasa Sina augisa sity-
vani ganamravlna~.173 sityvis damTavreb-
is Semdeg guarami eloda episkoposTa
sityvebs `eloda pasuxsa maTgan~,173 ma-
gram guarami gaocda, roca mis mZafr
sityvas episkoposebma sruli dumiliT
upasuxes. Semdeg siCumiT Sewuxebulma
episkoposebma uTxres efrem mawyverel
episkoposs: `brZane pasuxi, raA jer
ars~.173 swored efremi warmoadgenda axal
sakaTalikoso kandidats arsenis sanacv-
lod, mas uWerda mxars guaram mamfali.
iqamde mas episkoposebic uWerdnen mxars
da efremic ganwyobili iyo taxtis sa-
Zieblad, surda sakaTalikoso taxtze
asvla arsenis nacvlad, magram grigolTan
misma Sexvedram yvelaferi Secvala.
grigolma krebis win sagangebod sasaubrod
farulad gaixmo Tavisi mowafe efremi
da uTxra: `Svilo, pativsa magas wmid-
isa mRvdelT-mTavrobisasa gafuceb, nu
uSli sulierad Zmasa Sensa arsenis~.174
saqme is iyo, rom grigol xanZTeli
mtkiced uWerda mxars arsens da surda
misi datoveba sakaTalikoso taxtze. am
survilis Setyobis Semdeg efremma
grigols upasuxa: `wmidao mamao, ver
egebis ZmaTa CemTa episkoposTa ciloba
samarTalisaTvis da mec Semindev, rameTu
ara var amieriTgan arsenis cxovari, da
arca igi Cemi mwyemsi~. efremis am si-
tyvebma moZRvari Zalzed gaanawyena, amis
gamo `wmidaman man mksinvared hrqua:
`ukeTu amas iqm, efrem, me uvar myav,
viTa ara Seni moZRvari var~. efremis-
aTvis, romelic siyrmidanve aRzrdili
iyo grigolis mier, moZRvris gancxade-
ba, rom igi mis sulier mamobas mia-
tovebda, sikvdilze ufro Tavzardamce-
mi cnoba iyo. efremi atirda. `netari
efrem sityvasa mas zeda sulierisa mamisa
da moZRvrisa atirda da hrqua: `ficx-
el ars brZaneba~ ese, ganmkveTel ufroAs
maxvilisa, aw nebaA Seni iyavn, nu nebaA
Cemi wmidao RmrTisao~.175
maSasadame, jer kidev krebis dawye-
bamde efremma moxsna Tavisi kandidatu-
ra, uari ganacxada sakaTalikoso taxtze,
173 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli lit. Zeglebi, I, 1964, gv. 288; 174 iqve , gv. 287; 175 iqve, gv. 287.
380 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
rogorc Cans, es cnobili iyo episko-
posTaTvis, magram ucnobi guaramisaTvis,
amitom krebis dawyebis Semdeg, roca
guaramma episkoposebs TavianTi azris
gamoTqma mosTxova, rogorc iTqva, maT
pasuxis gacema daavales efrems. efrem-
ma ki sityva gadasca grigols. `sada
mamaA grigol iyos, me mun ara vikadreb
sityuad~. guarammac grigols sTxova
Tavisi azris gamoTqma. grigolma brZa-
na: `arseni kaTalikozi nebiTa RmrTi-
saATa kaTalikoz ars da Zviris metyvelTa
misTa, romelTa ara Seinanon, kdemul
iyvnes da sruliad hrcxvenes amas sawu-
Tosa da mas saukunesa~. grigolis sity-
vam ganarisxa guaram mamfali, Seepa-
suxa grigols, Semdeg ki episkoposebs
mimarTa: `Tqvengan jer ars gansagebeli
Tqveni gangebad aw TqviT, maT hrques:
RvTis msaxuro guaram, qristesmierman
saswaulman utyvi qmna enaA Cueni, rameTu
vixileT dRes grigolis zeda miuwvdome-
li didebaA~ 176 da mouTxres guarams
imdRevandeli saswaulis Sesaxeb. mema-
tiane wers, rom guarami iyo mdabali
da RvTis moSiSi, iZlia simdableman da
Sendoba sTxova mama grigols. xolo sab-
olood episkoposebma daaskvnes: `jer me
iyo mxilebaA ese arsenisaTvis, aramed
aw amieriTgan arseni iyavn kaTalikos
qarTlisa yovlisa da sulierad mama
yovelTa da yovelTa Soris. iWvica pirve-
li dam-mca-xsnil ars srulad~, rasac
guaram mamfali da yoveli damswre da-
eTanxma. amiT kreba dasrulda.
ismis kiTxva, ratom cdilobda grigol
xanZTeli saeklesio wesis aSkara dar-
RveviT sakaTalikoso taxtze ayvanili
arsenis dacvas? grigolma ase ganumar-
ta Tavisi moqmedeba efrems: `...RmerTsa
ebrZana kaTalikosobaA arsenisi sis-
rulisa misisaTvis~.177 e.i. arseni ufro
`sruli~, e.i. Rirseuli iyo (efremTan
SedarebiT), misi kaTalikozobac RvTis
neba yofila, albaT, raime gamocxadebu-
li niSniT. magram arsenis mamas, mirian
mTav ars uC q aria da Sv ili `uJamo
SeswrafebiT~ (e .i. aradrouli aCqare-
biT) auyvania gaTavisuflebul sakaTa-
likoso taxtze, amiT mas arsenis saxe-
li ̀ augian uyvia~ (e.i. SeubRalavs). yove-
live am qmedebas ki mohyolia qarTlis
episkoposTa guliswyroma. maT gadauw-
yvetiaT krebis mowveva. grigoli ki cdi-
lobda `RvTis simarTle~ ganecxadebina
arsenis mimarT, igi frTxilobda, rom
guliswyromiT Sekrebil episkoposebs
gauWirdebodaT `RvTis simarTlis~ gamo-
Zieba, amitomac uTxra efrems: `gulisw-
yromaman kacisaman simarTle RvTisa ara
qmnis~, sabolood, rogorc iTqva, kre-
bam arsenis kaTalikosoba daamtkica.
rogorc efrem mawyvereli, ise arsen
didi, cnobili saeklesio moRvaweebi ari-
an. efrems hqonda diplomatiuri da ad-
ministraciuli niWi, arseni ki qarTuli
eklesiis ideologi yofila. efremma
Tavisi diplomatiur-administraciuli
niWis wyalobiT SeZlo, rom axlad Se-
qmnili afxazeTis sakaTalikososaTvis
mironis kurTxevis ufleba adgilzeve _
qarTlSi moepovebina. saqme is iyo, rom
VII s-Si, rogorc iTqva, herakle keisa-
ris Semosevis Semdeg bizantiis am im-
peratorma qarTlis samefos CamoaWra
dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispira pro-
vinciebi, vidre e .w. skanda-Sorapnis
xazamde. am qarTul miwa-wyalze amis
Semdeg konstantinopolis sapatriarqom
ganaxorciela saeklesio iurisdiqcia,
176 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I, 1964, gv. 289; 177 iqve, gv. 288.
381saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
maSasadame, igi qarTuli eklesiis iuris-
diqciidan gamovida. kerZod, fasisisa,
rodopolisisa da sxva saepiskoposoebi
da uq v e mde b ar es konstan tino pol is
lazikis eparqias. cxadia, dasavleT
saqarTvelos am zRvispira mxareSi ukve
mironi konstantinopolidan SemohqondaT.
VIII s-Si konstantinopolSi amtydari
xatmebrZoluri eresis gamo dasavleT
saqarTvelos aRniSnulma saepiskoposoebma
kavSiri gawyvites konstantinopolis
mwvaleblur sapatriarqosTan da, Cans,
konstantinopolis nacvlad, mirons an-
tioqiidan anda ierusalimidan iRebdnen.
efre m mawyverels mouxerxebia, rom
dasavleT saqarTvelos mironi mieRo
qarTlidan, kerZod ki mcxeTidan. es mas
mouxerxebia molaparakebaTa gziT. ̀ aramed
didi efrem mravlisa keTilisa mo-
matyuebel eqmna queyanasa Cuensa, rameTu
pirvelad aRmosavalisa kaTalikosTa, mi-
hroni ierusalimiT mohyvanda xolo efrem
qristesmieriTa brZanebiTa mihronisa
kurTxeva qarTls ganawesa ierusalimis
patriarqisa ganwesebiTa da wamebiTa six-
aruliTa. aramed qarTlad friadi quey-
ana aRiracxebis, romelsaca Sina qarTu-
liTa eniTa Jami Seiwirvis da locva
yoveli aResrulebis~.
rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, giorgi mer-
Culis xelidan gamosul xelnawer dedan-
Si sityva ̀ aRmosavalisa~ qveS igulisxme-
ba ̀ afxazeTisa~, es sityva albaT daqarag-
mebuli iyo ase: `a~sa~, rac konteqstis
Sesabamisad xelnaweris gadamwers unda
gaexsna, rogorc ̀ afxazeTisa~. azrs, imis
Sesaxeb, rom xelnawerSi mocemuli si-
tyva qaragmiT iyo dawerili, gvimtki-
cebs isic, rom imave winadadebaSi kidev
sami sityva aris qaragmiT dawerili. es
sityvebia ̀ ierusalemiT~ (sityva daqarag-
me bulia amJamindel xeln awerSic ) ,
`qristesmieriTa~ (es sityvac daqaragme-
bulia amJamadac) da `ierusalemisa~
(aseve daqaragmebulia). ese igi, amJama-
dac aRniSnul winadadebaSi sami qarag-
m a a _ ` i~ e m i T ~ , ` q ~e s m i e r iT a ~ ,
`i~emisa~.178 vfiqrobT, am winadadebaSi
meoTxe sityvac (Tu ufro meti ara)
Tavdapirvelad qaragmiT iyo gadmocemu-
li: `a~sa~. es qaragma gadamwers gauxs-
nia ase: `aRmosavalisa~, teqstis mixed-
viT ki albaT unda yofiliyo: `afxaze-
Tisa~, maSin rTuli winadadeba azro-
brivad gaimarTeba da aseT saxes mi-
iRebs: adre afxazeTis kaTalikosebs miro-
ni ierusalimiT mohyvanda, xolo efre-
mis mecadineobiT maTTvis saWiro miro-
nis kurTxeva qarTls ganewesa, rameTu
afxazeTic qarTlia, radganac iq locvis
ena qarTulia da Jamiswirvac qarTul
enaze Seiwireba.
ra ufleba hqonda mawyverel episko-
poss afxazeTis sakaTalikosos mimarT,
ratom zrunavda misTvis? marTalia ara-
pirdapiri, magram mainc pasuxi `qarT-
lis cxovrebis~ erT CanarTSia mocemu-
li _ xelmwifem im qveynisa, sadac moR-
vaweobda efrem mawyvereli (tao-klar-
jeTi), iuridiulad gaaforma afxazeTis
sakaTalikosos (e.i. dasavleT saqarTve-
los didi nawilis eklesiis) dabruneba
qarTuli eklesiis wiaRSi bizantielTa
dasustebis Semdeg _ `xolo aman bagrat
gaaCina da ganawesa kaTalikosi afxazeTs
qristes aqeT y~l~ (830) wels.179 bagrat
kurapalati, romelsac ̀ gauCenia da ganu-
wesebia~ kaTalikosi afxazeTisa, iyo
guaram mamfalis Zma. misi ufrosoba
bagrationebis samefo saxlSi cno misma
178 Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, I, 1964, gv. 290; 179 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 255.
382 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
orive Zmam adarnasem da guaramma. qar-
TvelTa xelmwifes ufleba hqonda afx-
azeTis sakaTalikosoze, msgavsadve saqar-
Tvelos udides saeklesio xelisufals
efrem mawyverelsac SeeZlo ezruna, raTa
afxazeTis sakaTalikosos mironi mieRo
ara ierusalimSi, aramed Seemzadebina
adgilzeve, e .i. `qarTlSi~ (qarTuli
liturgikis mqone qveyanaSi), albaT mcxe-
Tidan miRebis ufleba igulisxmeba, mcxe-
TaSi, e.i. qarTlidan. cnobilia efremis
moZRvris grigol xanZTelis Rvawlic
afxazeTis eklesiis mimarT.
grigoli didad afasebda efremis niWs,
magram im droisaTvis qarTuli eklesii-
saTvis ufro saWirod CauTvlia arsenis
kaTalikosoba. rogorc aRiniSna, arseni
iyo Tavis drois udidesi ideologi,
ubadlo mcodne somxeTis eklesiis is-
toriisa. arsenma samxreT saqarTvelos
qarTvel qristianebs miawoda im drois-
aTvis uaRresad saWiro ideologiuri naS-
romi ̀ ganyofisaTvis somexTa da qarTvel-
Ta~. es naSromi mas dauweria VII s-is
somxuri Txzulebis gamoyenebiT. ratom
esaWiroeboda samxreT saqarTvelos es
naSromi? swored arsenisa da misi mo-
ZRvris, grigolis moRvaweobis Jams VIII-
IX ss-Si qarTuli eklesia Tavis wiaRSi
ibrunebda misgan iZulebiT mowyvetil
taos qarTvelobas. saqme isaa, rom VI-
VII ss-Si sparsTa da bizantielTagan
gaZlierebulma somxurma eklesiam SeZ-
lo deda eklesiis wiaRidan moewyvita
samxreT saqarTvelos erTi didi nawi-
lis samwyso da masze ganexorcielebina
Tavisi iurisdiqcia. V s-Si tao-klar-
jeTi qarTuli eklesiis wiaRSi Sedio-
da, es iqidan Cans, rom vaxtang gor-
gasalma aq daaarsa monastrebi: opizisa,
merisa, Sindobisa da axizisa. zogierTi
mkvlevaris azriT, samonastro cxovre-
ba daiwyo VI s-Si da amitomac TiTqos-
da vaxtangi V s-Si monastrebs ar
aaSenebda. maTi mosazreba ar eyrdnoba
raime wyaros da varaudzea dafuZnebu-
li, `vaxtang gorgasalis cxovreba~ Zve-
li wyaroa, romlis Sesabamisi cnobis
uaryofisaTvis safuZveli ar arsebobs.
am wyaros Tanaxmad, vaxtang mefem `sa-
berZneTSi~, e.i. palestina-ierusalimsa
da wmida miwaze (aseve mcire aziaSi),
naxa monastrebi da am monasterTa dar-
ad gadawyvita wamoewyo saqarTveloSic
samonastro cxovreba. gana V s-Si pe-
tre iberi da ioane lazi qarTuli samo-
nastro cxovrebis erT-erTi damaarse-
belTaganni ar iyvnen wmida miwaze? ra-
tom ar unda yofiliyo CvenSi V s-Si
monastrebi? rogorc wyaro brZanebs:
qarTuli eklesia-monastrebi V s-Sive
iyv ne n tao -klarjeTSi. b iz antiidan
saqarTveloSi Semosvlis Jams vaxtang
gorgasalma artavaz erisTavs ubrZana
aego artanujis cixe da `ubrZana, raTa
gamonaxos xevsa mas Sina adgili samo-
nastre da aRaSenos eklesia da qmnes
monastrad, viTarca exilvnes monaster-
ni saberZneTisani... artavaz aRaSena cixe
artanujisa da monasteri, romel ars
opiza da samni eklesiani: daba merisa,
Sindobisa da axizisa da ganaaxla cixe
axizisa da qmna igi quabad~.180 es moxda
daaxloebiT V s-is 50-ian wlebSi.
aRsaniSnavia, rom cixe Tuxarisisa
mdebareobda ara klarjeTSi, aramed tao-
Si. VI da VII ss-Si, cnobili poli-
tikuri mizezebis gamo, tao da nawilo-
briv klarjeTi somxurma eklesiam Tavi-
si iurisdiqciis qveS moaqcia. maSasa-
dame , tao-klarjeTis mosaxleoba, ro-
180 qarTlis cxovreba, I, gv. 178.
383saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
melic uZvelesi droidanve eTnikurad
qarTuli iyo, gadaiqca samwysod somx-
uri eklesiisa. saqarTvelos am uZve-
les mxareSi gansakuTrebiT gaZlierda
somxuri qalkedonituri eklesia (somx-
ur eklesiaSi VIII s-is 20-30-ian wle-
bamde ori frTa ebrZoda erTmaneTs,
monofizituri da qalkedonituri. qalke-
donituri somxuri eklesia emezoble-
boda bizantia - samxreT-dasavleT
saqarTvelos). tao-klarjeTSi somxuri
eklesia ise gaZlierda, rom somxuri
eklesiis erT-erTi sakaTalikoso cen-
tric ki Seiqmna iSxanSi, VII s-Si.
mesxeTis mkvidri qarTuli mosaxleoba
somxuri eklesiis ̀ frTeTa qveS~ yofni-
sas daadga aSkara denacionalizaciis
gzas. eklesiebSi maTTan dainerga somx-
urenovani msaxureba, somxuri wera-kiTx-
va da laparaki maTTvis ucxo aRar iyo.
swored aseT dros, VIII-IX ss-Si ufalma
RmerTma imdenad gaaZliera sruliad
qarTuli eklesia, rom grigol xanZ-
Telisa da misi mowafeebis RvawliT
TandaTanobiT tao-klarjeTi deda ek-
lesiis wiaRs daubrunda. aseT dros
saWiro iyo, marTalia, arabTa Semoseve-
bisa da qolerisagan Semcirebuli, ma-
gram mainc mkvidrad mcxovrebi qarTu-
li mosaxleobis darwmuneba imaSi, rom
somxuri eklesiis wiaRSi yofna maT
sulebs ki ar acxonebda, aramed warw-
ymedda, radganac somxuri eklesia mwva-
leblobis buded iyo gadaqceuli, xolo
qarTuli eklesia mudam iyo wevri er-
Tiani, mTliani, sayovelTao msoflio ek-
lesiisa da amdenad warmoadgenda marad
marTlmadideblursa da mociqulebrivi
swavlis erTgul damcvels.
arsen didi Tavis TxzulebaSi (ig-
ulisxmeba wigni: arsen safareli `ganyofi-
saTvis somexTa da qarTvelTa~) dawvrilebiT
mimoixilavs somxuri eklesiis istorias
VII s-is wyaroze dayrdnobiT, am Txzu-
lebis mkiTxvelisaTvis misi sandooba
ueWveli iyo. igi udides gavlenas moax-
denda mrevlze. swored es ideologiur-
sarwmunoebrivi naSromi esaWiroeboda
imJamad qarTul eklesias. Cans, es iyo
erTi mizezi imisa, rom grigol xanZ-
Telma swored arseni miiCnia yvelaze
Rirseul sakaTalikoso kandidatad da
misi sakaTalikoso taxtze damkvidrebi-
saTvis arc episkoposTa krebasa da arc
didi xelmwifis avtoritets moerida.
saqarTveloSi ruseTis batonobisas
da qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis
gauqmebisas marad ismoda kiTxva - iyo
Tu ara qarTuli eklesia avtokefaluri
da, saerTod, rodis moipova man av-
tokefalia. qarTuli eklesiis avtoke-
faliis damtkicebisas iyenebdnen ̀ grigol
xanZTelis cxovrebidan~ javaxeTis saek-
lesio krebis aRweras, romlidanac mar-
Tlac aSkarad Cans, rom qarTuli ek-
lesiis meTaurs TviTon irCevda adgi-
lobrivi saeklesio kreba ucxo qveynis,
anda eklesiis mxridan yovelgvari Zal-
datanebis, anda nebis gareSe da igi
ueWvelad avtokefaluri iyo.
384 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
msoflio eklesiaSi sarwmunoebrivi
kamaTi monofizitebTan qalkedonitTa gam-
arjvebiT damTavrda VI-VII ss-Si. bi-
zantiis imperiis gareT ki es dava kidev
didxans gagrZelda. saqme is iyo, rom
monofizitoba Tavis erovnul sarwmu-
noebad gamoacxada VIII s-is dasawyisSi
somxeTSi Semdgarma saeklesio krebam.
es sarwmunoeba erovnulad gadaiqca aR-
mosavleTis zogierTi xalxisaTvis siriasa
Tu egvipteSi. saqarTvelo, romelic imy-
ofeboda mijnaze qalkedonitur bizan-
tiasa da monofizitur somxeTs Soris,
marad marTlmadideblobis erTgul dam-
cvelad miiCneoda. amitom, sarwmunoebrivi
debatebi da kamaTi qarTvel da somex
sasuliero Tu saeklesio pirTa Soris
saukuneTa manZilze grZeldeboda, vidre
TiTqmis XIX-XX ss-mde. saqme is iyo,
rom somxuri eklesia garkveul istori-
ul etapebze axerxebda moepovebina rome-
lime mZlavri mezobeli imperiis mxardaW-
era, romlis meoxebiT axerxebda saqarTve-
los ama Tu im kuTxis Tavis iurisdiq-
ciaSi moqcevas da mkvidri qarTuli mo-
saxleobis Tavis samwysod gadaqcevas.
aseTi xerxiT somxurma eklesiam tao
da misi mimdebare qarTuli mxareebi Tavis
iurisdiqciaSi moaqcia, vidre VIII s-
mde . ufro adre ki, kerZod VI s-Si,
qvemo qarTli, anu ̀ gugarqi~, kirion kaTa-
likosamde. msgavsadve, samxreT saqarTve-
los somxeTis mezoblad mdebare sxva
mxareebSic cxovrobdnen somxuri eklesiis
wevri qarTvelebi. samwysosaTvis Widi-
lis dros erTmaneTs xvdebodnen qarTve-
li da somexi sasuliero pirebi, isini
Sekrebebze sajaro paeqrobisas arCevd-
nen sarwmunoebriv sakiTxebs.
erTi aseTi kreba Sedga sofel Rr-
tilasTan, javaxeTSi. bagratis (975-1014)
dros, Tumca zogierTi mkvlevari miiC-
nevs, rom Rrtilas saeklesio kreba
Catarda 1046 wels bagrat IV-is dros.
mefes, javaxeTSi yofnisas, mouwvevia
samxedro-samoqalaqo kreba, am dros mas-
Tan `Cveulebisaebr~ misula javaxeTis
mosazRvre provinciidan `didi moZRvari
somxeTisaA~ sosTeni. igi monofizituri
sarwmunoebis Rrmad mcodne yofila ̀ fri-
ad mecnier werilTa da sarwmunoebisa~.
miqel sabininis Tanaxmad, sosTeni yofi-
Rrtilas saeklesio kreba (daaxl. 1046 w.)
385saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
la marmaSenis somxuri monastris winamZR-
vari (es monasteri mdebareobs amJamind-
eli leninakanis raionSi). rogorc iTq-
va, igi `Cveulebisaebr movida bagrat
mefisa da iwyo zuaobiT da ampartavno-
biT qebad sjulisa Tvisisa~.181
im droisaTvis saqarTvelos samxreT-
dasavleTi nawili, kerZod, tao, klar-
jeTi da aboci (taSiri) warmoadgenda
somxuri eklesiis dainteresebis sfer-
os. somxeTi didad gaZlierda IX-X ss-
Si, aseT viTarebaSi uTuod saWiroebas
warmoadgenda samxreT saqarTvelos mo-
saxleobis darwmuneba qalkedonituri
sarwmunoebis sisworeSi, somxuri eklesi-
is aramarTlmadidebluri saxis warmoCena,
miT umetes, rom somexi `sarwmunoebis
wanamZRvrebi~ msgavsi ampartavnobiTa da
TavxedobiT cdilobdnen TavianTi sju-
lis dacvas, nacvlad ki gmobdnen da
aZagebdnen `sarwmunoebasa Cuensa~.
RrtilaSi mefesTan erTad yofilan
wurwyabeli episkoposi gvarad miqelaZe,
yveleli episkoposi sanano, grigol abu-
seriZe, SesaZloa tbeli, gabriel ukis
Ze. am mRvdelmTavrebma da sjulismcod-
neebma ar icodnen monofizituri dogma-
tika, amitomac sakadrisi pasuxi ver
gasces sosTe ns, `ver wina aRudges
umecrebisaTvis wignTa maTTasa~.182 amit-
omac moiwvies im dros ierusalimidan
samSobloSi Camosuli qarTveli beri
efTvime grZeli, imJamad myofi anCeli
mTavarepiskoposis karze. igi mefesTan
RrtilaSi Cavida anCel episkoposTan er-
Tad. `sjulis gamoZieba~ yofila mTa-
vari mizani qarTveli da somexi mowe-
seebis Sexvedrisa. am `gamoZiebis~ Sedegs
udidesi gamoZaxili unda mohyoloda
samxreT saqarTveloSi da, marTlac didi
gavlena hqonda aqauri mosaxleobis sar-
wmunoebriv simtkiceze. es iyo `gamoZie-
ba saRmrTosa hjulisa da marTlisa sar-
wmunoebisa~ ganrCev ad RvarZlisagan
wualebaTasa~, msgavsi kamaTis did mniS-
vnelobas miuTiTebs isic, rom, rogorc
Cans, im dros samxreT saqarTvelos
qarTvelTa erTi mcire nawili jer kidev
somxuri eklesiis samwysos warmoadgen-
da, e.i. somexTa sarwmunoebas aRiareb-
da. aseTi yofila TviT mefe bagrat III-
is mwignobarTuxucesi efTvime. es qarTve-
li, sarwmunoebiT monofiziti yofila,
amitomac mas mematiane ̀ Sinagamcems~, ̀ Cve-
ni sarwmunoebis Sinagamcems~ uwodebs:
_ `maSin iyo vinme mwignobarT uxucesi
mefisa saxeliT efTvime. igica Tanaziar
borotisa mis wualebisa maTisa da Sina-
gan gamcemi sarwmunoebisa Cuenisa.183 sar-
wmunoebrivi Tanamoziarobis gamo Cveni
sarwmunoebis `Sinagan gamcemi~, anu moR-
alate qarTveli misula sosTenTan da
`farulad yursa sosTenassa zraxvida~,
e.i. farulad elaparakeboda qarTvelTa
mzadebis Sesaxeb. sosTenisa da efTvime
grZelis saRvTismetyvelo kamaTis daw-
yebisTanave gamoCnda qarTveli RvTism-
saxuris upiratesoba. sosTeni dacinvi-
Ta da ampartavnuli sizviadiT SeekiTxa
efTvimes, Tu romeli gziT mivida kreba-
ze. qarTvelma berma upasuxa, rom igi
movida upirvelesad ierusalimidan, ia-
kob mociqulis sasaydro qalaqidan, Sem-
deg antioqiidan da romidan petre mo-
ciqulis saydridan, aleqsandriidan wmida
markoz maxareblis saydridan, konstan-
tinopolidan ioane maxareblis sasaydro
qalaqidan. `amaT saydarTa sapatriaqoTa-
181 `sityvis geba berisa efTime grZlisa, sosTenis mimarT, somexT moZRvrisa~, saqarTvelos samoTxe,gamocemuli gobron (miqael) sabininis mier, 1882, gv. 615; 182 iqve , gv. 615; 183 iqve, gv. 616.
386 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
gan moval da wmidaTa eqvsTa krebaTa
marTali aRsareba mimiRebies da mtkice
da WeSmariti sarwmunoeba miswavies da
aw mosrul var, raTa vamxilo borotad
madideblobasa Tqvensa~.184
msoflio eklesiis burjebi _ xuTi
msoflio sapatriarqo ierusalimisa, an-
tioqiisa, romisa, aleqsandriisa, kon-
stantinopolisa im droisaTvis qalke-
donituri iyo, e.i. qarTveli moZRvris
sarwmunoeba efuZneboda msoflio eklesiis
swavlebas _ mrwamss. msoflio eklesiis
avtoritets da msoflio patriarqebis
Tanamorwmuneebad dasaxva gvagonebs kir-
ion I qarTlis kaTalikosis pasuxs somexi
kaTalikosisadmi. somexi istorikosebic
movses kalankatuaci da uxtanesi werd-
nen, rom berZnebma, `sadac ki maxarebe-
li iyo dakrZaluli, iq sapatriarqo
saydrebi daaarseso~, e.i. konstantinop-
olis kaTedra sapatriarqo saydrad ga-
moacxades iq ioane maxareblis dakrZa-
lvis gamo, aseve aleqsandria markoz
maxareblis gamo. mociqulTa naRvawi iyo
ierusalimi, antioqia da romi. Cans,
sosTens marTlac hqonda Seswavlili
somxuri sasuliero xasiaTis wignebi,
rogorc avtori aRniSnavs, radganac msof-
lio eklesiaSi sapatriarqo saydarTa
(kaTedraTa) daarsebas gamowvlilviT mi-
moixilavda imdroindeli somxuri saek-
lesio istoriografia da mwerloba.
sosTenTan kamaTisas efTvime grZeli
eyrdnoboda ̀ eqvsi msoflio krebis~ kanon-
ebs. rogorc cnobilia, somxuri ekle-
sia cnobda mxolod pirvel-sam msof-
lio krebas da ar aRiarebda sxva krebebs
qalkedonis IV krebis Semdeg mowveulT.
Rrtilas krebis droisaTvis (X s-is bolo
an XI s-is pirveli naxevari) msoflio
eklesia aRiarebda ukve mowveuli Svidi
krebis avtoritets, efTvimes mier eqvsi
krebis moixsenieba imiT unda yofiliyo
gamowveuli, rom kanonikur kodeqsSi mar-
Tlac Setanili iyo ara Svidi, aramed
eqvsi krebis mier gamotanili kanonebi,
radgan V konstantinopolis (553 w.) da
VI (681 w.) msoflio krebebs saeklesio
kanonebi ar gamoutaniaT, es xarvezi
Seavso konstantinopolis, e.w. trulis
691 wlis krebam 102 kanoniT. e.i. kanon-
ebi gamoitanes: 1. nikeis I msoflio kre-
bam 325 wels (20 kanoni); 2. konstanti-
nopolis, 381 wlis II krebam (7 kanoni);
3. efesos 431 wlis III krebam (8 kano-
ni); 4. qalkedonis 451 wlis IV krebam
(30 kanoni); 5. trulis krebam 691 wels
(102 kanoni); 6. nikeis 787 wlis VII
krebam (22 kanoni). msoflio krebaTagan
kanonmdebeli iyo marTlac eqvsi saek-
lesio kreba. Cans, amitomac axsenebda
efTvime grZeli eqvs msoflio krebas da
ara Svids. efTvime ambobs _ `sapatri-
aqoTagan moval da wmidaTa eqvsTa kre-
baTa marTali aRsareba mimiRebies~. 185 aq
`aRsarebis~ qveS unda igulisxmebodes,
rogorc aRiniSna, krebaTa kanon ebi.
safiqrebelia, rom efTvimes ara mxolod
codna SeuZenia am kanonebisa, aramed
Cans, aRniSnuli msoflio krebebis kanon-
ebi, anu `aRsareba~ Targmnili saxiT
Camoutania saqarTveloSi. yovel SemTx-
vevaSi, swored Rrtilas krebis epoqaSi
qarTvelebs didi interesi gamouCeniaT
kanonikuri mwerlobis mimarT da amito-
mac eqvTime mTawmidels Seudgenia ̀ mcire
rjuliskanoni~. manamde X s-is dasawyisSi,
grigol oSkels uTargmnia Txzulebebi
grigol nazianzelisa, romelSic I da II
msoflio krebaze ganxilul sakiTxTa
184 saqarTvelos samoTxe, 1882, gv. 617; 185 iqve, gv. 617.
387saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
irgvliv iyo msjeloba. marTalia, es Tx-
zuleba ufro dogmatikur-polemikuri xa-
siaTisa yofila, vidre kanonikuri, ma-
gram Cans, qarTvelebi IX-X ss-Si seri-
ozulad iyvnen dainteresebuli kanoni-
kiT, radganac somxuri eklesiis Rrmad
ganswavlul mecnierebTan uxdebodaT
kamaTi. eqvTime mTawmidels sagangebod
Seudgenia qarTuli kanonikuri krebu-
li, romelic Sedgenili yofila tru-
lis 691 wlis kanonebisa da basili didis
kanonebis safuZvelze, romelsac dam-
atebuli hqonia Cveni gansaxilveli Temi-
saTvis saintereso kanonebi qarTul da
somxur eklesiaTa Sesaxebac. eqvTimes
mier Sedgenili kanonikuri miTiTebani
somxuri eklesiis Sesaxeb uTuod didad
gamoadgeboda qarTvel polemistebs somx-
uri eklesiis moZRvrebTan kamaTisa da
samwysos aRzrdis dros. yovel SemTx-
vevaSi, Rrtilas krebis dros amgvari
Txzulebis saWiroeba sagrZnobi gaxda,
r a d g a n a c , m i u x e d a v a d q a r T v e l i
mRvdelmTavrebis RrtilaSi yofnisa,
`vervin winaaRudga mas~ (e.i. sosTens),
maSin, roca igi ̀ gamoZiebas hyofda winaSe
mefisa sjulisaTvis Cuenisa~.186
efTvime grZelma qarTvelTa sarwmu-
noebrivi aRmsareblobis marTebulobis
msoflio eklesiis avtoritetiT damt-
kicebis Semdeg, piriqiT Seutia sosTens
_ `Sen vina moxval ara uwyi, arginaiT
da marmaSeniT moxuala da mogaqvs wuale-
ba nestorisa da severiosisa da petroz
mkawvralisa da ikadreb yvedrebad ersa
RvTisasa da wina ganwyobad wmidisa mar-
Tlisa sarwmunoebisa~.
arginaSi im droisaTvis isxdnen somexi
patriarqebi, xolo marmaSeni TviT sos-
Tenis monasteri iyo. ierusalimis, an-
tioqiis, romis, aleqsandriis, konstan-
tinopolis avtoritets, cxadia, argin-
as avtoriteti ver Seedreboda. nestori,
severiosi da petroz mkawvreli iyvnen
cnobili eresiarqebi. Tavis droze ars-
eni safarelis wyaros (romlis safuZ-
velzec dawerili iyo Txzuleba ̀ ganyofi-
saTvis somexTa da qarTvelTa~) miaCnda,
rom zemoaRniSnuli wvalebebisaken mi-
idrika somxuri eklesia garkveul is-
toriul periodebSi. efTvime grZelma
mouTxro krebasa da sosTens istoria
somxuri e klesiisa , swored isev e ,
rogorc es gadmocemulia arsen safare-
lis TxzulebaSi (rom IV krebamde somx-
uri eklesia iziarebda msoflio ekle-
siaSi arsebul dogmatikas, IV s-is bo-
los somxeTi sparseTma daipyro, somxe-
bi ganSordnen berZnebs, rom sparseTis
Sahis xosros dros Sedga somxuri ek-
lesiis kreba dvinSi, romelmac abdiSo
asuris meoxebiT miiRo iakobitTa sarw-
munoeba, es moxda nerses kaTalikosis
dros, rom grigol ganmanaTlebelma ix-
ila Cveneba somxuri eklesiis mwvale-
blobaSi Caflobis Sesaxeb da ase Sem-
deg). efTvime grZelma somxuri eklesi-
is istoriis gadmocemisas Tavis wyarod
daasaxela `patmonaTa~. patimoToni, anu
`patmonaTa~ warmoadgenda istoriuli xa-
siaTis Txzulebas, igi Seqmnili yofila
somex qalkedonistTa wreSi da warmoad-
genda somxuri eklesiis istorias, vi-
dre VIII s-mde.187 es wigni qarTulad
ZvelTaganve yofila Targmnili, XVI s-
is mawyvereli episkoposi ioakimesaTvis
safaris monasterSi gadawerili erTi
piri gamoaqveyna T. Jordaniam.18 8 misi
186 saqarTvelos samoTxe, 1882, gv. 616; 187 k. kekeliZe, Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, I, gv.490; 188 T. Jordania, qronikebi, I. gv. 336.
388 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
ganxilvidan Cans, rom patimoToni gamouy-
enebia arsen safarels Tavis erT-erT
wyarod `ganyofisaTvis~ daweris dros.
sosTens polemikisas gamouyenebia agreTve
somxuridan Targmnili Txzuleba `xil-
va grigol ganmanaTlebelisa~ da `Cvene-
ba sahak kaTalikozisa~. am bolo CvenebebSi
naTqvami yofila, rom somexTagan mar-
Tlmadideblobis uaryofis Semdeg `aR-
mobrwyindes CrdiloT mTavari igi didi
uwyebiT tomisagan daviTisa da aRorZ-
i ndes sul i Ta RvTi saTa da ganar Ci o s yo ve-l i keTi l ad pat mo Tani sa Tqueni sagan~.189
b a g r atio n e b i e b r a elT a m e f e -
winaswarmetyvelis, daviTis STamomavle-
bad miiCneodnen, e.i. daviTis tomisagan.
CrdiloeTs saqarTvelos uwodebdnen IX-
X ss-Si, e.i. nawinaswarmetyvelebi yofi-
la, rom saqarTveloSi aRmobrwyindebian
daviTis tomisagan bagrationi mefeebi,
romelnic gaarCeven monofizit-qalke-
don itTa dav as m arTl madide b elTa
sasargeblod. esaa bagrationTa im qebis
gagrZeleba, romelic qarTul eklesiaSi
miRebuli iyo jer kidev grigol xanZ-
Telis droidan . sosTenTan kamaTisas
efTvime iyenebs msoflio eklesiis didi
maswavleblebis, aTanase didis, basili
didis, grigol RvTismetyvelis saxelebs,
viTarca isini `wamebeno~. maTi Txzule-
bebi am berisaTvis nacnobi unda yofil-
iyo. efTvime, ise rogorc marTlmadide-
bluri samyaro, aRSfoTebuli iyo `sam-
wmidaobis~ galobaSi sityvebis `mama, Ze
da suliwmidis~ CarTviT, romliTac gamo-
dioda, rom jvarze yovladwmida sameba
gaekra, rac mkrexelobaa. aRniSnuli si-
tyvebi samwmidaobis galobaSi CaurTavs
V s-is cnobil monofizit eresiarqs
petre fulons, anu petroz mkawvrals.190
efTvimes sityviT, igi antioqiis sapa-
triarqo taxtidan samarTlianad Camoug-
diaT liturgiis dros, radganac yov-
ladwmida qalwuli mariami RvTismSo-
blad ar uRiarebia nestoris gavleniT
(e.i. petre fuloni ara mxolod monofiz-
itobaSi imxileboda, aramed nestori-
anobaSic). sosTeni didad aqebda mas,
efTvime ki somexTa maswavleblad war-
moadgenda. es petre (fuloni, anu mkawvre-
li) antioqiis taxtidan Camogdebis Sem-
deg misula somxeTSi _ `mivida ra qu-
eyanad Tquenda, aRavso borotiTa wvalebi-
Ta da Seacduna eri igi uswavleli~.191
petre mkawvrels qarTlSic moundomebia
Tavisi swavlebis gavrceleba, Semosula
qarTlSi, sadac mas daxvedria qarTlis
mTavarepiskoposi miqaeli, romelmac ̀ qvi-
Ta gantvina igi~. petre mkawvreli qarTl-
Si CauqolavT: `netarman miqail da kre-
bulman misman saRmrToman, ukeTuri igi
daqoles~.192 Rrtilas krebaSi Zleuli
da Sercxvenili sosTeni wavida somxeT-
Si da daubrunda Tavis monasters. kre-
baze damswre mefem da mRvdelmTavrebma
efTvime grZels saTanado pativi miages,
mis paeqrobaSi gamarjvebas didi mniS-
vneloba hqonia, is `iqmna Zegl marTlisa
sarwmunoebisa~.19 2
Zvel saqarTveloSi gansakuTrebuli
siZulviliT sZuldaT petroz mkawvra-
li, viTarca wvalebis fuZemdebeli da
warmwymedeli msoflio qristianTa erTi
nawilisa. marTlmadideblobis medgar
damcvelT saamayod miaCndaT, rom petre
saqarTveloSi Caqoles sarwmunoebisaTvis
moSurne qarTvelebma. Taobebs sarwmu-
noebrivi moSurneobis Tvalxilul Zeglad
miaCndaT is adgili qvemo qarTlSi, sa-
dac aRmarTuli iyo qvebis grova, rom-
189 saqarTvelos samoTxe, 1882, gv. 617; 190 iqve , gv. 619; 191 iqve , gv. 620; 192 iqve, gv. 621.
389saqarTvelos saeklesio kanonebis krebuli
lis ZirSic petre mkawvralis Caqolili
gvami egdo. amitomac unda iTqvas, rom
albaT es momenti ar iqna gaTvaliswineb-
uli, roca XX s-is qarTvelma mkvle-
vareb ma gamoacxades, rom TiTqosda
qarTulma eklesiam V s-Si avtokefalia
miiRo petre fulonis (mkawvrelis) xe-
liT, TiTqosda manve akurTxa pirveli
qarTveli kaTalikosi petre. aseTi Tval-
sazrisi saerTod ar eTanadeba ZvelqarTu-
li istoriografiis monacemebs. kerZod,
qarTlis kaTalikosi petre ierarqi gax-
da mTavarepiskopos miqaelis Semdeg. am
mTavarepiskopos miqaels ki Cauqolavs
petre fuloni, maSasadame, maSin, roca
petre qarTlis kaTalikosi antioqiidan
movida qarTlSi, petre fuloni Camogde-
buli yofila taxtidan , da araTu
Camogdebuli, aramed ukve mkvdaric yofi-
la. Tu TviTon petre mkawvreli ar mi-
iRes qarTlSi, mis mier nakurTx kaTa-
likozs miiRebdnen?! movusminoT wyaros:
`movida zvavi igi kangarasa da mouwoda
netars miqels kaTalikozsa qarTlisasa,
raTa anu sjulsa missa eziarnen anu
urC eqmnas saydrisagan ganiyvanon. xolo
SeWura miqel sulman wmidaman. .. war-
movida mcxeTiT mis queSeTa episkopos-
Ta da mRudelTa Tana da erisa morwmu-
nisa da moiwivnes queyanasa kangarisasa...
movida miqel kaTalikozi da Tayuanisca
w i n a S e s a yd ar s a m i s p e tr o s
mkawvrelisasa... STamozidna Zlierad da
STamoiTria qveyanad daakueTa da dasca
qviTa miT, romel aqunda qudsa Sina
missa da gantvina... maSin yovelTa mis-
Tana myofTa episkoposTa da moyuasTa
misTa dakribes mis zeda qva da Seer-
acxa maT simarTled kacis kvla igi~. 193
aqedan Cans, rom 1. ZvelqarTuli saek-
lesio tradiciiT, qarTlis pirvel kaTa-
likos petremde qarTul eklesiaSi iyo
ara mxolod erTi episkoposi, aramed
episkoposTa simravle; 2. kaTalikosi
qarTuli eklesiisa petre ar iyo na-
kurTxi antioqiis patriarq petre ful-
onis (mkawvralis) mier. sabolood unda
iTqv as, rom Rrtilas kreb as mTel
saqarTveloSi saukuneTa manZilze hqo-
nia didi gamoZaxili.
390 mitropoliti anania jafariZe
antioqiis II saeklesio kreba (1056-1057 ww.)
(qarTuli eklesiis uflebaTa dadastureba)
wmida mama giorgi mTawmideli qarTu-
li eklesiis avtokefalias uwodebda
`didsa da maRal saqmes~, romlis xely-
ofis ufleba aravis hqonda msoflioSi,
Tundac wmida mociqul petres taxtze
mjdom antioqiis patriarqsac ki.
msoflioSi arsebobs erTi sayovelTao
eklesia, romlis Tavia ufali ieso qriste,
raTa aRsruldes wmida werilSi gacxa-
debuli uflis neba - `erT mwyems da
erT samwyso~. es erTiani eklesia WeS-
mariti rwmenis, anu marTlmadideblobis
mcvelia, amitomacaa nabrZanebi sarwmu-
noebis simboloSi _ `mrwams erTi wmi-
da, kaTolike (e.i. sayovelTao) da samo-
ciqulo eklesia~. es suliT erTiani ek-
lesia ar imarTeba raime saerTo-say-
ovelTao centris mier. Tavisufali ad-
ministraciuli mmarTvelobis neba mini-
Webuli aqvs sxvadasxva avtokefalur
saeklesio erTeuls wmida mociqulTa
droidan. pirveli avtokefaluri eklesie-
bi daaarses wmida mociqulebma, avtoke-
faluri imdenad, ramdenadac saeklesio
Temi, romelsac episkoposebi hyavda,
administraciulad ar emorCileboda
sxv as , romelime meores . e klesiis
mmarTvelobis es wesi gadmocemulia mo-
ciqulTa kanonebis 34-e muxlSi: `yvela
eris episkoposebma unda icodnen maT
Soris pirveli da Tavi episkoposi da
araferi zedmeti ar unda gaakeTon mis
gareSe, aramed yoveli maTgani mxolod
imas unda akeTebdes, rac sasargebloa
misi eklesiisaTvis da misTvis daqvemde-
barebuli soflebisaTvis. magram nurc
pirv el i e p is kopo si nu gaak eTe bs
nurafers sxvebTan SeTanxmebis gareSe,
vinaidan mxolod ase SeiZleba aResru-
los erTneboba da ididos RmerTi uf-
lis mier suliwmidiT~.194
mociqulTa dros da maT Semdeg qris-
tianoba ar warmoadgenda saxelmwifo
sarwmunoebas, amitom saeklesio TavisTa-
vadobis, anu avtokefaliis are isazRvre-
boda ̀ eriT~, anu ̀ naTesaviT~. e.i. episko-
posis xelisufleba vrceldeboda eTni-
kur jgufebze, xalxebsa da erebze. mo-
ciqulTa 34-e kanonidan Cans, rom eris,
anu `naTesavis episkoposi~ Tavis mo-
qmedebisaTvis Tanxmobas iRebs ara sxva,
romelime ucxo an mezobeli `eris~
episkoposisagan, aramed Tavis eris Sig-
niT moRvawe episkoposebisagan. aqedan Cans,
rom `eris~, anu `naTesavis~ mTavari
episkoposebi avtokefalurebi iyvnen.
rogorc cnobilia, Tavdapirvelad
qristianoba gavrcelda romis imperia-
Si . am imp eriaSi admin istraciuli
mmarTvelobis erTeuls warmoadgenda
provincia, romlis sazRvrebi xSirad
emTxveoda dapyrobili an damorCilebu-
li xalxis eTnikuri gansaxlebis sazR-
vars. provincia xSirad erovnuli er-
Teuli iyo. amitomac zogierTi kanonis-
ti Tvlis, rom mociqulTa 34-e kanonSi
`eris~, anu `naTesavis~ qveS igulisxme-
ba provincia. maSasadame, am kanonis Se-
sabamisad, TiToeul romaul provincia-
Si episkoposebi unda daqvemdebarebod-
nen TavianTi provinciis mTavar episko-
poss, romelic avtokefaluri iyo. ze-
194 didi sjuliskanoni, wmida mociqulTa kanonebi, muxli 34, saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari,1987, gv. 166.