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Facilitation techniques for the upper extremities
RHS 323 lecture 3
Prepared by Mrs: Muneera Al- Murdi
Facilitation and reinforcement
Unilateral patterns:
The initial position of the physical therapist showing the lengthened range of the pattern and the ending position showing the shortened range of the pattern.
Facilitation and reinforcement• The manual contact in each movement are
optimum for the specific pattern.• The spiral characteristic of the pattern is shown
by the dotted lines placed medially or laterally on the extremities.
• All information concerning a specific pattern is given for left or right extremities, or trunk and neck motion to the left or right.
Facilitation and reinforcement
Components of motion:
Description is from distal to proximal in accordance with normal timing.
Normal timing:
May be used with the maximal resistance or may be performed as free active motion without contact with the physical therapist.
Facilitation and reinforcement
Timing for emphasis:Alters range of motion of the proximal pivots when
distal pivots are emphasized.Commands:Preparatory commands, must be varied in
accordance with the age level and abilities of the subject to cooperate.
Action command, may be repeated as necessary in order to stimulate the patient to further effort .
Facilitation and reinforcement
Pattern analysis:The motion components and the major muscle
components are presented from proximal to distal in keeping with anatomical description.
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
Flexion-adduction-external rotation (D1 fl) with elbow straight.
Antagonistic patternstraight) pattern Components of motion Normal timing Timing for emphasis Manual contact Commands Pattern analysis
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
:Pattern analysisScapulamotion components major muscle components: serratus anterior.ShoulderMotion componentsMajor muscle components: pectoralis major,
deltoid, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii.
Forearm.
Motion components major muscle components (supinators muscle)
Wrist
Motion componentsMajor muscle components
(flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus)
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
Flexion-adduction-external rotation (D1 fl) with elbow flexion.
Antagonistic patternstraight) patternComponents of motionNormal timingTiming for emphasisManual contactCommandsPattern analysis
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
D1 fl, with elbow extension pattern.• Antagonistic pattern• Components of motion• Normal timing• Timing for emphasis• Manual contact• Commands• Pattern analysis
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
D1 ex, with elbow straight, extension, flexion pattern.
• Antagonistic pattern• Components of motion• Normal timing• Timing for emphasis• Manual contact• Commands• Pattern analysis
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
D2 fl, with elbow straight, flexion, extension pattern
• Antagonistic pattern• Components of motion• Normal timing• Timing for emphasis• Manual contact• Commands• Pattern analysis
Facilitation technique of upper extremity
D2 ex, with elbow straight, extension, flexion.• Antagonistic pattern• Components of motion• Normal timing• Timing for emphasis• Manual contact• Commands• Pattern analysis