FACTORS THAT AFFECTING LLS

By : Khuzaimah Binti Bahari(A151215)

MOTIVATION

MOTIVATION1.) Gardner (1985)

• Motivations and attitudes are the primary sources contributing to individual language learning.

2.) Dörnyei (2001)

• Generally, motivation can be a matter explaining why people decide to do something, how they are willing to sustain the activity and how hard they are going to pursue it.

3.) Oxford and Nyikos (1989)

• Learners with high motivation to learn a language will be more likely use a variety of strategies.

EXPERIENCE

EXPERIENCE1.) Purdie and Oliver (1999)

• Reported the language learning strategies used by bilingual school-aged children coming from 3 main cultural groups.

• The results showed students who had been in Australia for a longer period of time obtained significantly higher mean scored for Cognitive Strategies and for Memory Strategy.

• Thus, experience in studying a language can affect the language learning strategy choices.

GENDER

GENDER1.) Hong-Nam and Leavell (2006)• A study by Hong-Nam and Leavell revealed that

females employed more strategy use frequently than males.

2.) Green and Oxford (1995)• Green and Oxford ‘s study revealed that gender

was one of the features affecting the choices of language learning strategies.

• Females used memory and metacognitive strategies frequently than males.

PROFICIENCY

PROFICIENCY

1.) Rahimi et.al (2004)• The higher the level of proficiency level of the

students, the more aware they are of the rules and strategies of language learning.

2.) Lan and Oxford (2003)• Found significantly effects for language

proficiency on Taiwanese elementary school EFL learners’ use of metacognitive, cognitive, compensatory and affective strategies.

LEARNING STYLE

LEARNING STYLE

1.) Rossi-Le (1989)

• The study demonstrated that an individual's background and learning style preference influence the types of learning strategies that he/she will employ in acquiring a second language.

2.) Pei-Shi (2012)

• The researchers found that learnes with auditory learning style use more social strategies than those with visual learning style.

THANK YOU