ENGR MARIANO V. JOSEPH, PEEChief, Fire Safety Enforcement Division

Engineer V NHQ’s BFP

Objectives

•To documents the Fire and Life Safety features of the building

•To provide the Codes enforcing authorities of the fire and life safety master plan

• History

• Location

• Area bounded

• Building’s height (meter)

no. of stories

• Total floor area

Short project description

• Fire Code of the Philippines (FCP)

-City/Municipal Fire Marshal

-District Fire Marshal

• National Building Code (NBC)

-City/Municipal Building Official

-City/Municipal Engineer

Enforcement

• Codes- Building

The National Building Code of the Philippines

(NBC)

The Uniform Building Code (Alternate)

- Fire ProtectionThe Fire Code of the Philippines (FCP)

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

Codes and Standards

-

Codes and Standards

• Codes - Elevators

Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineer

(PSME) Code

ANSI Elevator Code

Codes and Standards

• Standard- NFPA 10 Portable Extinguisher

- NFPA 13 Automatic Sprinkler System

- NFPA 14 Standpipe System

- NFPA 20 Fire Pumps

- NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible

Liquids

- NFPA 72 Protective Signaling

- NFPA 72E Heat Detectors

- NFPA 90A Air Conditioning and Ventilation

Codes and Standards

-Class -Construction

Combustible Structural members

Non-combustible Protected steel

Fire resistive Unprotected steel

1-hr Concrete

2-hr Walls

3-hr Concrete

4-hr Dry wall

Glass wall

Floors

Roof

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

• Building Classification and Construction

• Hazards

Approach and assumptions

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

- Identification of the equipment present.

- Identification of the fire barriers and related

materials used for the construction of the

buildings.

• Hazards

Approach and assumptions

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

- Identification of the fire protection system and

equipment installed in the building.

- Determination of the adequacy of these systems,

and a determination of the adequacy of the exit

system in the building.

•Hazards -Factors Affecting Fire Hazards

Interior Finish

Combustibility

Flame Spread

Amount of Smoke

Electrical Equipment

Arcing

Overheating

Mechanical Equipment

Electric Motors

Combustible Refrigerants

Dirty Filters

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

•Hazards -Factors Affecting Fire Hazards

Elevator Pits

Repository of Assorted Trash

Kitchen Equipment

Grease Fires

Combustible Ducts

Dining Areas

Open Flames

Tableside Cooking

Candles

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

• Hazards -Factors Affecting Fire Hazards

Combustible/Flammable Materials

Wood Chemicals

Rubber Liquids

Plastics Fibers

Process Hazards

Painting Booths

Welding and Cutting

Chemical Process

Dust Hazards

Particle Size Distribution

Concentration

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

• Electrical Hazards

- WORN OUT or “TIRED”ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Deteriorated Insulation

- EQUIPMENT MISUSE

Heating Appliances

Electric Motors

Extension Cords

- ACCIDENTAL OCCURENCES

Operator Oversight

Appliance Unintentionally Left On

- DEFECTIVE INSTALLATIONS

No Overload Protection

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

•Mechanical Hazards

- AIR DUCTS/AIR INTAKES

Smoke/fire spread

- REFRIGERANT

Combustible-very few

- AIR FILTERS

Dirty –Dust Accumulation

- ROOM OR UNIT AIR CONDITIONING

Overheating

Improper Installation

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues

-Low Hazard

Those of such low combustibility that no self-propagatingfire therein can occur and that consequently, the onlyprobable danger requiring the use of emergency exitswill be from panic, fumes, or smoke or fire from someexternal source.

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Classification of Hazard of Contents

(SECTION 10.2.4.2 IRR’S RA 9514)

-Moderate Hazard

Those which are liable to burn with moderate rapidity orto give off a considerable volume of smoke but fromwhich neither poisonous fumes nor explosions are to beexpected in the event of fire.

-High Hazard

Those which are liable to burn with extreme rapidity orfrom which poisonous gases or explosion are to beexpected in the event of fire

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Classification of Hazard of Contents

(SECTION 10.2.4.2 IRR’S RA 9514)

- Main Use

Places of Assembly

Educational Occupancy

Health Care Occupancy

Detention and Correctional

Occupancy

Residential Occupancy

Mercantile Occupancy

Business Occupancy

Industrial Occupancy

Storage Occupancy

Others

-Mixed use

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Occupancy classification

-Materials or Element of Construction

Concrete

Steel

Timber

Masonry

Calcium Silicate Materials

Gypsium Plaster

Glass

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues•Structural Requirements/Separation of

Building Spaces

-Building Component -Fire Separation

Walls Interior partition

Floors Interior finish

Roofs

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues•Structural Requirements/Separation of

Building Spaces

-Basis of design

-No. of exits

-Travel distances

-Exit calculations (may be included in appendices)

-Time-exit analysis (for equivalencies and variance)

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Exit and egress

-Design criteria used for:

sprinkler system (SECTION 10.2.6.5.A.1 IRR’s RA 9514)

NFPA 13. Standard for the Installation of

Sprinkler Systems.

standpipe system (SECTION 10.2.6.6.A. IRR’s RA 9514)

NFPA 14. Standard for the Installation of Standpipe,

Private Hydrant and Hose Systems.

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Fire Suppression

-Other suppression systems

-Water supply capacity

-Fire pumps capacities

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Fire Suppression

-Portable extinguishers

-Hydraulic calculations (may be place in

appendices)

-Other calculations (may be placed in

appendices

-Riser diagrams (may be placed in appendices)

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Fire Suppression

-Description of each system including features

and controls

-Sound pressure calculations (for equivalencies

and variances)

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Fire detection, alarm and communication

system

-Description of smoke control strategies

-Design criteria used

-Calculations (may be included in appendices)

-Smoke management sequence of operation

-Equipment capacities and description

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Smoke control management

-Description

-Typical location of exit lights and emergency

lighting systems

-Design criteria

-Calculations (equivalencies and variances)

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Exit light and emergency lighting systems

-Description

-Capacities

-Calculations (may be included in appendices)

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Emergency Power Supply

-Description and location of street hydrant and BFP station

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) Access

-Issues not discussed above including elevator recall and use of elevator for

evacuation

Fire Protection and Life Safety issues• Others