Date post: | 19-Jul-2015 |
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To Begin
On another piece of paper, write an answer for
the following question
What does it mean to have
“pride”? When is it good or
OK to have pride? When can
is it not OK to have pride?
First, some definitions
Nationalism: the pride someone has in their
nation. When an individual identifies with or
becomes attached to the idea or symbols of
their nation. By itself, not “good” or “bad”
First, some definitions
Fascism: A form of Italian totalitarian politics,
which is known for its extreme nationalism. In
the modern world, “fascism” is a general term
for totalitarian governments, and is used
colloquially as an insult
YOU
FASCIST!
First, some definitions
Nazism: a form of totalitarian German politics,
known for their extreme nationalism and radical
racial politics. In the modern day, we call the
Nazi regime a “fascist” government, but at the
time they were separate from Mussolini’s
Fascist party. The term “nazi” is also used as
an insult today.
In short
Nationalism: pride in one’s country
Fascism: an Italian form of extreme nationalism
Nazism: a German form of extreme nationalism
The Rise of the Nazis
● End of World War I -
Treaty of Versailleso Germany humiliated
o Some believe the war
could have been won
● Increased feeling of
pride in the German
state
Hitler
● Soldier in World War I
● Is extremely disappointed
with his own government
● Joins German Worker’s
Party in 1919o Ultra-nationalist
o Anti-communist
o Anti-capitalist
o Anti-Jewish
o Only 55 members when
Hitler joins
Nazi Party
● In 1920, German Worker’s
Party changes name to
National Socialist German
Worker’s Party or “nazis”
for short
● By 1923, the party has
40,000 members any many
more Germans are
sympathetic to their cause
Nazi Party
● The nazis attempt a
government takeover in
1923, but Hitler is
arrested
● During 1924, Hitler in jail,
but writes “Mein Kampf”
or “My Struggle”
● Blames Germany’s defeat
on the “racial problem”
and especially on Jewish
people
Nazi Party
● In 1930, Nazis
receive 18% of vote
in parliament
● In 1932, Hitler runs
for president,
losses, but receives
35% of the vote
● July 1933, Nazis
were the only legal
party in Germany
Meanwhile, in Italy...
● Benito Mussolini forms
the Fascist party in Italy in
1914
● Extreme Nationalism
● Force in government
● No democracy
(totalitarian)
● Cultural superiority
Mussolini
● In favor of World War
Oneo As a way to prove
Italian superiority
● Was creating fascist
political parties in
1915
● In 1921, formed a
new “mainstream”
party, National
Fascist Party
Fascists
● Growing popularity
throughout Italy, especially
with young men
● Against left-wing
government
● Against workers strikes
Fascists
● 1922 - 200,000 Fascists march on Romeo This event greatly inspired Hitler
● Mussolini is appointed as Prime Minister
Mussolini in Power
● Mussolini is granted
powers of a dictator
● Begins to outlaw
other political parties
and gain power
● Use of force
● A lot of Italians
wanted a powerful
leader
● Wanted to form an
empire
Hitler and Mussolini Together
● Mussolini wants to
expand - invades
Ethiopia and Albania
● Major powers oppose
Mussolini
● The only country that
supported Italy’s
invasions was...you
guessed it, Germany
Hitler and Mussolini Together
● Both Hitler and
Mussolini oppose
communism
● As Italy moves away
from major powers such
as the UK, the become
closer to Germany
● WW2 Begins
Why was this able to happen?
● Fear of the “other”o Nazis - minorities and in
particular, Jews
o Fascists - Rise of
communism in Russia,
socialists
Why was this able to happen?
● The right place at
the right timeo Treaty of Versailles
o Growing nationalism
among citizens
o Economic crisis