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OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2013OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2013
FastenerFocus
October 2013
Presented by...
Also in this issue...
• Las Vegas Show
Exhibit Spotlights
• Fastener & Driver
System Innovation
• “Tracking Your
Fasteners” Column
• Ring Locking Washers
with Added Security
• Precision Miniature
Turned Metal Parts
• “Fastener Distributor
Index (FDI)” Column
• NCFA Update
• Spotlight on
Automotive Fasteners
www.fastenertech.com
Focused News, Information and Products forFastener Distributors, Importers, Manufacturer’s
Representatives, OEMs and End Users .
P. 83
Serving Manufacturers, Distributors and End UsersServing Manufacturers, Distributors and End Users
P. 83SPOTLIGHTS: PACKAGING...72 • AUTOMOTIVE...132 • LAS VEGAS...116
EMPHASIS ON
QUALITY CONTROL...
PAGES 34-38
Coating
& Plating
Roundup...54
W W W . F A S T E N E R T E
C H . C O M
L A S V E G A S P R E V I E W . . .
P A G E S 4 4 - 5 2 & 1 0 8 - 1 2 5
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5/148October 2013/Fastener Technology International 3
Table of ContentsOctober/November 2013 Vol. XXXVI, No. 5
Departments
Editorial........................................................... 6Calendar ......................................................... 8
Industry News ............................................... 10Corporate News............................................ 18Classied Ads ............................................. 140
Advertisers’ Index ....................................... 142
Product Showcases Accessories ..................................................... 78
Materials ..................................................... 79 Machinery ................................................... 80
December 2013 IssueEmphasis: Rebuild & Upgrade
Technical Achievement Awards
Roundup: Wire HandlingSpotlights: Testing/Gaging &
Plastic Fasteners
Feature Articles
News and technology for distributors, importers, reps, OEMs andusers. Fastener Focus table of contents is found on page 85.
34 Setting Adjustable Thread Rings Larry Borowski - Why do I need the set plug?
36 Measuring Zinc Plating Susan Lofgren - Affordable, portable measuring system provides precision, accuracy, speed and reliability.
38 Thread Damage Control in 360°
Riccardo D’Ambrosio - New automatic inspection machine offers 100% control. 54 Coating & Plating Roundup FTI Editors - Suppliers have responded to our call for the state-of-the-art in coating and plating technology.
66 Heat Treatment of Fasteners for the Petrochemical Industry Daniel H. Herring - High-performance petrochemical applications demand exacting heat treatments.
72 Spotlight On Packaging Mike McNulty - Packaging is a big part of fastener products, and the technology is constantly improving.
74 Exceptional Customer Service is Good For Business Laurence Claus - Good and exceptional service comes from those who think and behave like an owner.
Editorial Index ............................................. 144
Tech Brief
52 Precision Abrasive Cutting of Exotic Materials
14 Summer Ends with a Slump in the USA Wire Rod Market Katie Memmel - Steel Wire Insider
26 ASTM F1941 Electroplating Standard is Being Revised Joe Greenslade - IFI Update
28 Metric: Are You Up to Speed? Carmen Vertullo -Got Fastener Training?
30 Efciency Gains in the Failure Analysis Ordering Process Steve Reilly -Fastener Failure Analysis
40 Automotive Fastener & Bolted Joint Testing to DriveInnovation, Improve Quality/Safety & Streamline Production
Morten Schiff/Bernhard Reck -Testing
70 Copper and Copper Alloys – Part III Dr. Roger N. Wright -Metallurgical Reminders
98 August 2013 Fastener Distributor Index (FDI) Holden Lewis - Fastener Distributor’s Index (FDI)
100 EU AD Duties & Updates from Japan, Tiawan, India and Thailand Asian News Report
104 Machine Import Tax, Equipment Financing, Corporate Deals
Sérgio Milatias - Brazil News 130 Business Software Must Follow Rules
Dennis R. Cowhey - Tracking Your Fasteners
83 Fastener Focus
August 2013 Fastener Distributor’s Index (FDI) ........................................................................ 98
Asian News Report .............. .............. ............... .............. .............. ............... .............. .............. 100 Brazil News ............. ............... .............. ............... .............. ............... .............. .............. ............ 104
Volt Industrial Plastics... 21 Years & Growing Strong (see Cover on page 83) .......................106 Vegas Fastener Expo Tops 2012 Event: Continues Growing (continued from page 50) .........108 Spotlight on 17th National Industrial Fastener & Mill Supply Expo Exhibitors .......................... 116 North Coast Not Slowing Down In The Home Stretch .............................................................126 Precision Miniature Turned Metal Components .......................................................................128 Tracking Your Fasteners: Business Software Must Follow Rules ............................................130 Spotlight On Automotive Fasteners .........................................................................................132
Ring Locking Washers With Added Security ...........................................................................136 Looking Into The Fastener & Driver System Competitive Landscape .....................................138
Columns
Industry Events
44 Vegas Fastener Expo Tops 2012 Event: Continues GrowingPreview of the National Industrial Fastener & Mill Supply Expo, being held October 23-25, 2013,in Las Vegas, NV, USA (continued on pg. 108).
EMPHASIS:
Quality Control
pages 34 - 38
www.fastenertech.com
Coating thicknessgage ...54
Computer-controlledweighing and counting
system ...80
Alternative to electroplatedzinc fnishes ...58
Fastener parts made on a precision CNC lathe ...129
...44, 108, 116
8/17/2019 FASTENER 10-11-2013
6/1484 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
(ISSN 0746-2441) (USPS 414-110)
1741 Akron Peninsula Rd,
Akron, OH 44313 USA
Tel: +1 330 864 2122 • Fax: +1 330 864 5298
www.fastenertech.com
Chip Lippincott
President and Publisher
Mike McNulty
Vice President and Editor
Jim Masar
Senior Editor
Tom Hutchinson
Global Sales Manager
SALES RESPRENTATIVES:
GERMANY
IntermediaPartners GmbH
Sabine Schött, Gabriele FahlbuschTel: +49 202-271690 • Fax: +49 202 2716920
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Casiraghi Pubblicatá Internazionale
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Tel: +39 031 261407 • Fax: +39 031 261380
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Tel: +81 6 6624 3601 or +81 3 5646 1160
Fax: +81 6 6624 3602 or +81 3 5646 1161
CHINA
Brilliant Media Vision Inc. & Power Pioneer Group Inc.Charles Jin
Tel: +86 574 8707 1336 • Cell: +86 130 9574 6088
TAIWAN
Worldwide Services Co. Ltd. Robert Yu
Tel: +886 4 23251784 • Fax: +886 4 23252967
Publisher's Notice: We assume no responsibility for thevalidity of claims in connection with items appearing in
Fastener Technology International magazine. Addressesare given to facilitate further inquiry.
Fastener Technology International is published in themonths of February, April, June, August, October andDecember by Initial Publications Inc., Chip Lippincott,Pres., 1741 Akron Peninsula Rd, Akron, OH 44313 USA.
For subscription info write to: Circulation Dept., FastenerTechnology International , 1741 Akron Peninsula Rd,Akron, OH 44313 USA. For change of address, giveformer as well as new address, and include recent ad-dress label, if available. Allow two months for change.
Fastener Technology International is distributed withoutcharge to people employed by a company or division ofa company engaged in all types of fastener products andequipment. Others may subscribe at US$49/yr in the USAand Canada or US$99/yr elsewhere. Single copy price: US$8
plus shipping. Editorial reprint prices furnished upon request.Periodical postage paid at Akron, OH and additional mailingofces. Canada Post International Publications Mail Product(Canadian Distribution) Sales Agreement No. 40025486.Canadian return address: BleuChip International, PO Box25542, London, Ontario N6C 6B2 Canada.
Postmaster: Send form 3579 toFastener Technology Interna-
tional , 1741 Akron PeninsulaRd, Akron, OH 44313 USA.
Serving Manufacturers, Distributors and End Users
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EDITORIAL
Mixed BagEconomic prospects in the fastener industry seem pretty slug-
gish and dull lately, but there are pieces of information that have
crossed my desk, or should I say computer and phone screens, that
are painting a different picture:
• Global demand for industrial fasteners was US$65 billion
in 2011, and it is expected to approach US$95 billion in
2018, growing at a rate of 5.4%, according to a new report published by Transparency Market Research. The bullish
report identies construction and automotive as the top two
sectors in terms of growth, and Asia Pacic as the region
with the most demand.
• Fastenal has hundreds of job openings posted online at
www.fastenal.com/web/en/87/careers. The most common
openings are part-time positions in Fastenal stores, but
dozens of other listings are available for full-time work in
manufacturing, accounting, distribution, sales, transporta-
tion and operations. The jobs are in the USA, Canada,
Mexico and Europe.
• The National Industrial Fastener & Mill Supply Expo,
scheduled for October 23 to 25, 2013, in Las Vegas, NV,
USA, has blown past the 2012 show in exhibit space size,
making this year’s event the largest since 2008. There are
600 companies exhibiting from about 20 countries. Over
15% of these exhibitors are either new or returning to the
show after a four-year absence.
Our coverage of the Las Vegas show starts on page 44, and we
are exhibiting in booth 1703.
DumpingI am disgusted by the practice of dumping products into estab-
lished markets, especially when government subsidies are involved.
Selling at less than “normal value” for long periods of time usu-ally wreaks havoc on domestic suppliers. The latest case to hit the
USA fastener industry involves steel threaded rod from India and
Thailand. Antidumping duty petitions were led on behalf of three
USA-based threaded rod producers: All America Threaded Products;
Bay Standard Manufacturing; and Vulcan Threaded Products. The
petition identied 69 producers and/or exporters from India and 18
from Thailand as being guilty of dumping threaded rod into the USA.
In 2012, the USA imported US$23 million of steel threaded rod.
The US Department of Commerce is investigating, and it will issue
determinations in December. In my opinion, deliberate, long-term
dumping is nothing short of economic terrorism, and the correction
process takes too long.
The Fourth AmendmentIn this day and age advanced technology and of a federal govern-
ment committed to expanding its size, control, inuence and data col-
lection, I thought it would be wise to review the Fourth Amendment
of the US Constitution. Part of the Bill of Rights, The Fourth Amend-
ment prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires any
warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause.
It was adopted in response to the abuses of the British Governmentand it was a major source of tension in pre-Revolutionary America.
Under the Fourth Amendment, search and seizure as well as arrest
should be limited in scope according to specic information supplied
to a court by a law enforcement ofcer who has sworn by it, not just
at the will of the NSA, IRS or other geniuses in the law enforcement
branch of the government, i.e., the executive branch.
Why is this important? It is important because it relates to privacy,
which ultimately ties into freedom of speech, two fundamental rights
of being American. When the government can look at and collect any
and all of your communications without living up to the standards
of the fourth amendment, even in the name of security, then we are
just trading privacy rights in exchange for excessive government
surveillance. The problem with this increased surveillance that ishappening all around us is that it will eventually put the government
in charge of everything. Here is a paraphrased quote from a recent
Wall Street Journal column by Peggy Noonan on this subject: “A
republic only works if public ofcials and the government know
that they answer to the citizens of the republic. If it’s the other
way around, citizens answering to the government, then the self-
governing republic ceases to exist.”
Are these just paranoid thoughts? I don’t think so. No govern-
ment will always do what is right, especially when it is in charge and
controls the ow of information. For example, consider these two
facts: First, the IRS is now involved in health care administration.
Second, the government obviously has the technology and resources
to enforce its borders, but it has chosennot to do so for over a dozen years.
Other interventions are not far
behind including recent references to
collecting data on colleges. Ignorance
of the Fourth Amendment is helping
crush the concept of limited and bal-
anced government.
Mike McNulty, Editor
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October 23 – 25, 2013
National Industrial Fastener & Mill
Supply Expo, Las Vegas, NV, USA
www.fastenershows.com
October 30 – 31, 2013
Fastener Trade Show SuzhouSuzhou, China
www.fastenertradeshow.info
8 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
CALENDAR
November 5 – 7, 2013
NFDA Executive Summit
Maui, HI, USA
www.nfda-fastener.org
March 12 – 13, 2014
Fastener Fair MexicoMexico City, Mexico
www.fastenerfair.com
April 7 – 11, 2014
wire 2014
Düsseldorf, Germany
www.wire.de / www.mdna.com
April 8 – 10, 2014
Fastener Fair Hanover Hanover, Germany
www.fastenerfair.com
April 9 – 11, 2014
SEFA Spring Conference/
Table Top Show, Charlotte, NC, USA
www.thesefa.com
May 8, 2014
North Coast Fastener Association
(NCFA) Distributor Social Independence, OH, USA
www.ncfaonline.com
June 9 – 11, 2014
NFDA Annual Meeting and Executive
Sales Planning Sessions (ESPS)
New Orleans, LA, USA
www.nfda-fastener.org
June 17 – 19, 2014
SUR/FIN 2014Cleveland, OH, USA
www.nasfsurn.org
June 23, 2014
MWFA 2014 Table Top
Illinois, USA
www.mwfa.net
June 24, 2014
MWFA Golf Outing
Illinois, USA
www.mwfa.net
March 10 – 12, 2015
Fastener Fair Stuttgart
Stuttgart, Germany
www.fastenerfair.com
June 8 – 10, 2015
FASTENER TECH ‘15
Rosemont (Chicago), IL, USA
www.mwfa.net
T E C H
N O L O G Y L E A D E R
Trusted Performance.Count on Dörken and its coating licensee partners to provideyou with the most effective fastener surface protectionsystems possible.
Dörken not only ensures that its DELTA-MKS fastener coating productsexceed expectations for corrosion and abrasion protection, but that its coatingpartners provide best-in-class operations for consistency and quality. Thispartnership ensures that each and every OEM application is met with the
best solution and the best practice. When it comes to performance, look toDörken. A trusted name in fastener coatings.
From the start,
it’s all about the finish.
www.doerken-mks.com517.522.4600
DörkenDELTA-PROTEKT®
Inorganiccoatingsystems
DörkenDELTA®-TONENon-electrolyticzinc flakebasecoat system
DörkenDELTA®-SEALTopcoat systemsfor a varietyof metals
DörkenDELTACOLL® Clear and blacktopcoats for zincand zinc alloyelectroplating
DELTA-MKS® coatings & finishing systems product line includes:
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Stelfast Inc. is a Certified Minority Business Enterprise. When you support a minority-owned business, it’s good for your business, too. It shows your regard for the diverse
communities in which you do business and in which your employees live. I t shows your commitment to promoting the economic benefits of multicultural diversity.
• Hex Weld Nuts
• Rounded Weld Nuts
• Square Weld Nuts
• Flange Weld Nuts
• Spacers
• Weld Bolts
• Lock Nuts
• Wheel Axle Parts
• Truck Hub Wheel Bolts
• Double End Studs
• Specialty Bolts
• Truck RV Wheel Bolts
• Specials per Print
• Stock & Release
• Special Platings
• Thread Masking
• Optical/Laser Sorting
• PPAP Level III
ISO 9001:2008 • MBE Certified
Automotive/Specialty Fasteners
Call: 800-729-9779 • Fax: 440-879-0044
www.stelfast.com
Locations Cleveland • Atlanta • Chicago • Dallas • Houston • Los Angeles • New Jersey • Toronto • Montreal
8/17/2019 FASTENER 10-11-2013
12/148 10 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
INDUSTRY NEWS
NASF Announces96th Annual SUR/FIN Conference
The National Association for Sur-
face Finishing (NASF) has announced
that the 96th annual SUR/FIN Manu-
facturing & Technology Tradeshow &Conference (SUR/FIN 2014) will be
held at the new Cleveland Convention
Center in Cleveland, OH, USA, from
June 9 to 11, 2014. The conference is
expected to welcome more than 1200
convention attendees to Cleveland for
an intense, three-day conference that
includes industry speakers, tradeshow
displays and social events sponsored
by a variety of organizations within the
surface nishing industry. The NASFSUR/FIN event is the largest industry
specic conference to be hosted at the
Cleveland Convention Center.
Conference ofcials state location
and new facilities as some of the reasons
for selecting Cleveland for the event.
Located on the shores of Lake Erie, the
new Cleveland Convention Center offers
over 200,000 ft2 of gross exhibit space
divisible into three exhibition halls. In
addition, the 35 state-of-the-art meetingsrooms, expansive loading dock area and
high-tech audio-visual technologies pro-
vide the perfect turnkey amenities needed
for the growing conference.
Exhibit registration for SUR/FIN
2014 is currently taking place with
more than 60% of the show oor sold.
Companies interested in exhibiting can
do so by visiting the NASF SUR/FIN
website listed below.
NASF is the largest trade associa-
tion representing the surface nishingindustry as a key segment of the North
American and global manufacturing
value chain. The NASF mission is to ad-
vance a sustainable future for the North
American surface nishing industry.
www.nasfsurfn.org
NFDA Welcomes NewMembers; Events Update
Tom Buddenbohn, Membership
Chairman of the National FastenerDistributors Association (NFDA),
headquartered in Chicago, IL, USA, has
announced that the
following compa-
nies recently joined
its membership ranks: ABC Logistics,
Brikksen, Challenger Components,
General Fasteners, JIT Industries and
RGS Parts.
The NFDA also asks that members
join the association at the inaugural Ex-
ecutive Summit , November 5 to 7, 2013,at the Ritz-Carlton Kapalua, on the
island of Maui, HI, USA. The focus for
this event will be fastener distribution
best practices in the areas of sales and
marketing initiatives, human resources
practices, warehouse operation and lean
training. Fellow NFDA members will
make presentations and facilitate discus-
sions based on proven approaches that
will be applicable to companies of all
sizes. These presentations will include
Benets the Company has Experienced,Factors to Consider to Determine if this
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The Best HandIn The House!
We’ll be in Booth 406 at the 2013 Naonal Industrial Fastener &Mill Supply Expo, October 23rd thru 25th, in Las Vegas, Nevada
The acon is with ND Industries,a leading manufacturer and processor of
fastener locking and sealing materials.
Advanced Fastening and Sealing Technol ogieswww.ndindustries.com • [email protected]
ND Industries, Inc., U.S.A. Processing Facilies: New Jersey
North Carolina • Michigan • Ohio • Illinois • Texas • California
V i s i t u s a t B o o t h 4 0 6
a n d a s k f o r
y o u r f r e e d e c k
o f N D p l a y i n g
c a r d s !
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INDUSTRY NEWS
will Work in your Company and De-
scription of the Implementation Process.
We promise this will be a thought-
provoking, interactive and creat ive
dialogue, facilitated by Bill Derry, Skip
Gallo, Steen Hansen, Ed McIlhon,
Tim O’Keefe, Jay Queenin and Jim
Ruetz. For information, visit the websitelisted below.
Also, the NFDA and the Pacifc-
West Fastener Association will hold
a joint conference February 12 to 15,
2014, at the Renaissance Esmeralda
Resort in Indian Wells, CA, USA.
This will be the rst time the two as-
sociations have held an event together,
and the partnership supports NFDA’s
goal to work more closely with other
fastener associations to advance theindustry.
The task force that is planning the
conference content promises an eco-
nomic update from Dr. Esmael Adibi
from the A. Gary Anderson Center
for Economic Research at Chapman
University; “Manufacturers are from
Mars, Distributors are from Venus, Part
2,” a debate between fastener manufac-
turers and distributors and follow-up to
the panel discussion that took place atthe NFDA 2013 Annual Meeting; Ignite
presentations; Business Owners Forum
and Business Executives Forum; and
fun and engaging social events includ-
ing golf. More education programs
are in development as of press time,
so check the NFDA website for the
latest details.
Also in 2014, NFDA will hold its
Annual Meeting and Executive Sales
Planning Sessions (ESPS) at the Em-
bassy Suites New Orleans, June 17 to19, 2014, in New Orleans, LA, USA.
The NFDA maintains that nothing
beats meeting face-to-face when it
comes to establishing and strengthen-
ing the partnerships that bring the most
benet to your company. The NFDA
2014 Annual Meeting and ESPS will
provide you many opportunities to
engage with decision makers and of-
fer new solutions. With time set aside
for meetings in private rooms, you
can take part in numerous discussionswith manufacturers from all over the
country, in one trip. This event is the
most efcient, most effective way to
accomplish your immediate and long-
term business goals.
In a recent survey, NFDA members
said opportunities for developing dis-
tributor/supplier partnerships are very
valuable benets of membership, so
the NFDA is devoting most of the 2014
annual meeting to ESPS .
The NFDA also says that it is proudthat the economists from the Institute
for Trend Research will be on hand
at the 2014 Annual Meeting to provide
the latest economic update, with a
report designed specically for NFDA
members.
Complete information about the
2014 Annual Meeting will be posted
at the website below.
To receive additional information
on any of the above mentioned events,
visit the NFDA website listed below.www.nfda-fastener.org
12 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
225 Rock Industrial Park Drive St. Louis, Missouri 63044 U.S.A.
+1-314-739-9191 800-AT-TAPCO (800-288-2726) Fax: +1-314-739-5880 www.tapcoinc.com
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15 Million Elevator Bolts In Stock Tapco offers the largest, most diverse, inventory of elevator bolts in the world.
SIX STYLES No 1 Flat Countersunk Head
Fanged HeadPointed-End Fanged Head
No 3 Slotted and Ribbed HeadWestern 3-Prong Head
Reference 70 Head w/mating Oval Washer
THREE GRADES Grade 2, Grade 5 and 302HQ Stainless
SEVEN DIAMETERSImperial thread
1/4, 5/16, 3/8 and 1/2 inchMetric thread
6mm, 8mm and 10mm
FIFTY FOUR SIZES From 1/4 - 20 x 1/2 inchTo 1/2 - 13 x 3-1/2 inch
THREE MATERIAL FINISHES Carbon Steel, Zinc Plate
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NINE PACKAGING OPTIONS Packaged bolts - 25, 50 or 100 per boxCase quantities - 1/3, 2/3, Full and 4/3 cases
Bulk bolts in - 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and Full kegs
INVENTORY Over 15 million elevator bolts in stock
Same-day shipping available
No 1 Flat
Countersunk HeadFanged Head
Pointed-End
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No 3 Slotted
and Ribbed Head
Western
3-Prong HeadReference 70 Head
w/mating Oval Washer
All bolts exceed SAE Grade 2 specifications.
Note: Beware of inferior Grade 1 bolts on the market.
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As expected, USA wire rod mills responded quickly to thescrap uptrend in June 2013 with a US$15/net ton (US$0.75cwt.) transaction price increase, although many sourcespredicted a strong unlikelihood that it would go through dueto weak demand levels and still-attractive import offerings. Thehigh end of the domestic wire rod spot price range—US$680/nt (US$34.00 cwt.) did not budge by the end of the July 2013,and the lowest edge of the range, hovering around US$640/net ton (US$32.00 cwt.) for large customers, started to dryup—most orders were not reported lower than US$660/netton (US$33.00 cwt.).
While demand for domestic wire rod struggled, tradersreported lively inquiry activity for future wire rod ordersas import shipments continued to ow into the ports. Of -fer prices for Chinese wire rod near the end of July stoodat US$560 to US$580/net ton (US$28.00 to US$29.00cwt.), about US$40/net ton (US$2.00 cwt.) lower thannonaggressive Turkish offers. The effect of Chinese wirerod cornering the USA import market was most apparentin import statistics. USA import license data showed 9586metric tons of Chinese wire rod arrived in August 2013, farsurpassing any monthly level in the last year. However, theUSA hasn’t imported any wire rod from Turkey since June.
Another attractive aspect of Chinese wire rod was the avail-ability of different, “Chinese” product grades, which could befound for up to US$25/metric ton less than “American” gradesat the CFR level—although such grades are still a minority oftotal wire rod import orders currently being booked by USAcustomers. Further, traders reported that Turkish mills had nointention of getting aggressive with their export offers to the
USA and elsewhere and as such, USA buyers looking to bookimports were increasingly interested in Chinese offers instead.
However, overall interest in imports had little to do with USAdomestic wire rod prices as the summer came to a close.The US$15/net ton increase turned out to be a massive bust,and any hope for pushing even a small portion of it on smallercustomers evaporated once shredded scrap prices droppedUS$10 to US$15/long ton (depending on region) in August.
After scrap prices settled, sources reported that deals on thehigh end of the USA spot range were becoming less frequenteven as mills tried to keep a rm grip on the lower end of the
range—a tough job, considering how lackluster demand con-tinued to be. Eventually, overall spot prices sunk to US$640 toUS$670/net ton (US$32.00 to US$33.50 cwt.) by the secondweek of August. And while some sources hoped for a slightresurgence in demand in the following months, there werenot many economic indicators to back it up—for the mostpart, it seemed that the slow summer would give way to astagnant fall.
For the rest of August, wire rod prices in the USA languishedin the same range, with any hopes of an uptrend dashed bypredictions of yet another scrap price downtrend. Obviously,
mills wouldn’t feel any obligation to drop wire rod prices of-cially, but the potential for quiet, case-by-case deals was
strong considering demand levels at the end of summer werenot at the point where they could dictate prices. In fact, by therst week of September 2013, some sources reported that
the top end of the previous week’s spot price range droppedabout US$10/nt (US$0.50 cwt.) due to the lack of mill leverage
in the market. However, sources told SteelOrbis they didn’texpect prices to erode any further—the US$0.50 cwt. slip wasmore of a release of pent-up price pressure than the start of acontinuing downtrend.
To receive additional information, contact the author or visitSteelOrbis at: www.steelorbis.com
Steel Wire Insider Katie Memmel
Content Manager/Editor-In-Chief
SteelOrbis
California, USA
P: +1-713-589-6049 Ext. 707
F: +1-713-589-6049
SteelOrbis is the only gathering point for the worldwide steelindustry. SteelOrbis is a unique e-marketplace and marketintelligence provider that offers up-to-date news on the steelindustry and steel trading from one single source. SteelOrbis’market intelligence service keeps you updated on the latest
pricing and trends in the steel world with daily price reports andmarket analyses derived from actual transactions. At the sametime, SteelOrbis’ e-Commerce platform allows the freedom toexperience a new way of steel trading without giving up yourpresent mode of doing business. www.steelorbis.com
Summer Ends with
a Slump in the USA
Wire Rod Market
FTI
14 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
Two and Three Dies
Cylindrical Thread Rolling Machines
www.reggrolling.com
New ofce in the US: 5884 Sterling Drive • Howell, MI 48843 USA • Ph: (517) 586-6009
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©2 01 3E l gi nF a st en er Gr o u pLL C.A l lri ght sr e s erv e d.
THE RIGHT FASTENER RIGHT NOW
With a total of 10 domestic manufacturers and metal finishers aligned with one common goal,Elgin Fastener Group is the largest single-source supplier of specialty fasteners in the nation.
This means your search for the right fastener right now can begin with one phone call – withoutthe need to cross borders and overcome barriers. And by contracting domestically, you not only
simplify your ordering process, but save on your total cost of production too. Keep your businessat home with EFG, and we can guarantee fast response, consistent quality, and streamlinedinnovation for any of the following capabilities:
Learn why American Made matters.Contact Elgin Fastener Group today.
812.689.8917
• Hot forging
• Open die cold forming
• Closed die cold forming
• Metal finishing
• Wire form & Stamping
• Branded & Licensed products
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Instruments of
LEAN MANUFACTURINGGeneral Inspection is your total solution providerto ensure delivery of zero defects.
Standard lenssees only oneside of die.
Axial viewersees five sides
of die
Sample sidehead crack on
fastener
Image of partto the left fromAxial Viewer
Gi-360 » After heading, rolling or final 100%sorting to ensure zero defects
» 8 detector laser gaugingstation, 360º inspection
» Accurate and repeatable
» Crack detection for heads flangesand/or recess defects
» Camera can ‘see’ theside of the head
» Reduce false rejectsAxial Viewer Vision Option
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Gi-100 » For nutsand washers
» Up to 4cameras
» Internalthreadviewerfor 360º
inspection
Gi-300 » Headtilt lasertechnology
» Low costoption forsorting
LaserLab » In–Process Inspection
» SPC Sampling
» First Part Inspection
» Eliminate human error
and subjectivity
» Final Audits
» PPAPs
Call for a FREE demonstrationor visit us at generalinspection.com
248.625.0529
248.625.0529 generalinspection.com
General Inspection, LLC
Davisburg, Michigan
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20/148 18 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
Reed to SupplyHolo-Krome with NewHartford Thread Roller
Reed Machinery, Inc., Worcester,MA, USA and Holo-Krome®, Wall-ingford, CT, USA, have announcedtheir agreement for Reed to sup-
ply a new Hartford® Model 60-100High Speed Flat Die Thread RollingMachine for Holo-Krome’s fastenermanufacturing facility located in
CORPORATE NEWS
Wallingford. The new machine willefciently increase Holo-Krome’s ca-
pacity to meet demand due to increasesin orders of larger diameter fasteners.
The Hartford machine was selected based on its productivity and proven re-liability. Holo-Krome has a number ofother Hartford models at Wallingford.
Jim Flanagan, Reed MachineryPresident, said, “We are pleased to supplyanother machine made in the USA to pro-duce fasteners also made in the USA.”
The machine is scheduled to becompleted and delivered in 2014.
Reed Machinery, Inc., a privatelyheld corporation, designs, manufac-tures and markets Reed®, Hartfordand Waterbury®-brand thread rollingmachines. These machines are usedto cold form precision parts for theautomotive, aerospace, constructionand other industrial markets. Reed
provides a complete range of at-die,two-die cylindrical, three-die cylindri-cal and planetary-type thread rollingmachines. www.reed-machinery.com
Beta Steel Group AddsRichard Keegan to Staff
Beta Steel Group , Utica, MI,USA, has announced the addition ofRichard Keegan to its staff. As Gen-
eral Manager and Director of ProductDevelopment, Keegan will lead BetaSteel’s quality processing and manu-facturing resulting in steel wire thatexceeds its customers’ expectations.
Keegan also brings over 20 yearsin the cold heading wire industry hold-ing positions as Application Engineer,Fastener Engineer, Product AssuranceManager and Quality Manager. Hisexperience has included positions atMcLaughlin Nut Company, IntierSeating Systems and MNP Corpora-
tion. Additionally, Keegan receivedQuality Engineering certication throughthe American Society for Quality.
Beta Steel Group has been a leaderin the steel rod and wire industry since1969. Its success is based on a history of
providing customer service, innovationand meeting the dynamics of marketneeds. Beta Steel’s goal is to providehigh-quality wire that surpasses the needsof its customers. www.betasteel.com
Dual-Feeder
Inspection SystemDavisburg, MI, USA-based Gen-eral Inspection, LLC offers the rstGi-360 with a Dual Feeder, which has
been delivered to an Italian fastenermanufacture. The benet of a dualfeeder is that it can run both studsand bolts in multiple sizes on thesame machine. It requires very littlechangeover time and reduces the costof buying multiple machines for dif-ferent part proles.
The feeder stays in place as the
sorting machine is built onto rail sys-tem that allows it to easily slide from
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CURTISCURTIS M M ETAL ETAL F F INISHING INISHING CCOMPANY OMPANY
ZnCoat ZnCoat ®
T HE PLATING ALTERNATIVE
Zncoat.com
CURTISCURTIS
Metal Finishing Companycursmetal.com
Contact: Brian Lowry
(586) 939-2850
6645 Sims Drive
Sterling Heights, Michigan 48313
9917 North Alpine
Machesney Park, Illinois 61115
ZnCoat® is a Registered Trademark of NOF Metal Coangs Internaon
so·lu·tionnoun
1. the act of solving a problem, question, etc. (The situation is approaching solution)
2.
the state of being solved: a problem capable of solution.
3. a particular instance or method of solving; an explanation or answer.
4. the process of determining the answer to a problem.
Specify ZnCoat ®
When you need a permanent solutionto your Zinc plating performance issues
• Vastly Improved Corrosion Resistance
• Chrome-Free
• No Hydrogen Embrittlement
• RoHS & REACH Compliant
• Improved Bi-Metallic Corrosion Resistance
• Color Options: Silver -Yellow-Black
• Improved Fertilizer Resistance
• Licensed Process for Consistent Quality
• No Cost Penalty
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one side of the feeder (for parts withheads) to the other (studs), then locksinto place to ensure proper stability.
The Laser Gauging aspect of theGi-360 consists of eight laser beams
perpendicular to the part axis checkingdimensional values of the part such asmissing washer, straightness, threadmeasurements, damaged threads,oversized ange, shank length, per -
pendicularity, poor corners and under-sized corners.
CORPORATE NEWS
Additional options available on aGi-360 include Super Eddy Currentand vision stations to view the ends ofthe fastener. This Gi-360 also includesa redesigned accepted parts chute todissipate the kinetic energy of the good
parts as they exit the machine. The re-designed chute also prevents the partsfrom hitting one another preventingdamage to parts that are already in theaccepted parts bin. Defects detected
plus the data provided by the Gi-360
are used to improve the manufacturing process. The results are reduction invariation, improved proftability anddelivery of zero defects.www.generalinspection.com
Reed Machinery &
ORT in Joint VentureReed Machinery, Inc., Worcester,
MA, USA, and ORT InternationalAG with headquarters in Nieder-hasli, Switzerland and operations inCastelleone, Italy, have announceda joint venture agreement for twoand three-die machines designed byORT International in Italy to be as-sembled at Reed Machinery’s facilityin Worcester.
The joint venture provides a meansfor the two companies to share techni-
cal information and optimize the ma-chines’ technology, costing, marketingand service for the North Americanmarket.
“The ORT International designswill provide modern replacements forthe Reed three-die Models A33 and34 used in the aerospace industry; theReed three-die Model A25 used forconstruction, mining and petrochemi-cal industry products; and will extendReed Machinery’s B Series of two-diecylindrical thread rolling machines,”
said Steve Copeland, Vice Presidentof Marketing. The new ORT Interna-tional designs also include CNC threadrolling machines as well as conven-tional electrically controlled options.
Both ORT International designedmachines and service of machinesalready installed in North Americaare now available by contacting ReedMachinery, Inc.
ORT International AG, a privatelyheld corporation, designs, manu-factures and markets two-die and
three-die profle and thread rollingmachines, extruded fn tube machines,spline rolling machines, burnishingmachines, automation and speciallines for petro-chemical, construc-tion, automotive and other industrialmarkets. ORT International providesinnovative solutions from its experi-enced and skillful engineering team.
Reed Machinery, Inc., a privatelyheld corporation, designs, manufac-tures and markets Reed®, Hartford® and Waterbury®-brand thread rolling
machines. These machines are usedto cold form precision parts for the
20 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
®
Kinefac ® Corporation156 Goddard Memorial Drive, Worcester, MA [email protected] 508-754-6891 www.kinefac.com
RoboticLoading
InductionHeat
ThreadRolling
Lap FreeThreads
High QualityPrecision Dies
Visit us at the National Industrial Fastener Expo inLas Vegas, Nevada, October 24-25, 2013, Booth 847
MC-8 CNC 2 Die VerticalPowerBox Kine-Roller ®
MC-6 CNC 3 Die VerticalKine-Roller ®
Your Source for Engineered Solutions for Over 50 Years
CNC / Servo Controlled Thread Rolling Equipment
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Serving up the hottest
performance in the industry!
• Maintains torque at temps up to500˚F (260˚C)
• No curing me required• Reuse without damage to threads
• Won’t dry or shrink whenexposed to chemicals
• Meets military, automove,and OEM specs
ND Industries, Inc., MI, USA • Phone: 248-655-2503
www.ndindustries.com • [email protected]
ND Processing Facilies:
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CORPORATE NEWS
22 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
automotive, aerospace, constructionand other industrial markets. Reed
provides a complete range of at-die,two-die cylindrical, three-die cylindri-cal and planetary-type thread rollingmachines.
To receive additional information,visit the website listed below.
www.reed-machinery.com
HEROSLAM Licensedfor TAPTITE® Line
HEROSLAM of Spain has recentlyreceived the worldwide license forthe TRILOBULAR ® family of threadrolling tools for the production of theTAPTITE® line of fasteners.
This license, granted by CONTIFASTENERS AG, enables HERO-SLAM to manufacture and market
the whole family of TRILOBULARthread rolling dies including TAP-TITE, DUO-TAPTITE®, TAPTITE II®,TAPTITE 2000®, PLASTITE®, POW-ERLOK ® and FASTITE 2000® dies.
With this license, HEROSLAM becomes one of the few manufacturersof thread rolling dies worldwide that is
able to offer its thread rolling solutionsfor the production of TRILOBULARlicensed fasteners.
Besides CONTI’s recognition ofHEROSLAM’s technical capabilitiesand tooling quality, this license givesHEROSLAM the pos-sibility to approach
an important marketniche that the companycould not approach
before. Thus, HERO-SLAM enhances itslicensed tool portfolio, adding theTRILOBULAR line of tools to theexisting MAThread® and MATpoint®
licensed tools, and consolidates its position as a worldwide leading manu-facturer of thread rolling dies.
Alberto Gabika, Managing Di-rector of HEROSLAM, said, “Our
customers, very satisfied with thequality and tool life that our threadrolling tools provide, were demandingTRILOBULAR thread rolling toolsfor the production of TAPTITE andsimilar fasteners and we did not wantto disappoint them. We have done agreat effort to obtain this license and
we are pleased to announce that wehave achieved our goal. We invite allour customers with a TRILOBULARlicense to contact us for further infor -mation.” www.heroslam.com
MacDermid Adds
ZinKlad ApplicatorMacDermid Inc., Waterbury, CT,
USA, a leading supplier of industrial plating chemistry, has announced theaddition of A. Raymond Tinnerman as a ZinKlad applicator. The company’sLogansport, IN, USA location is now ap-
proved for ZinKlad 250M (Mechanical).A. Raymond has been a strategic
supplier to the OEM industry since1865. The company’s product linesinclude value-add clip fasteners andassembly solutions for all trim seg-
ments, power train, electrical distribu-tion, thermal management and uidhandling. This new partnership willallow MacDermid to broaden its pres-ence within the supply chain as wellas its ZinKlad offerings to the OEMs.www.zinklad.comwww.macdermid.com
COUNTING, WEIGHING, &
MATERIAL HANDLING SYSTEMS
FOR PACKAGING OPERATIONS
If you currently usebench scales and
package as little as four hours per day,
the new Delta Short-RunPackaging Systemis made for you!
We will bedemonstrating
this new systemin Rosemont (Chicago), IL
at
Fastener Tech ‘09 June 9-10, 2009
25 East Street
Winchester, MA 01890-1187 USA
(781) 729-8650
FAX (781) 729-6149
www.deltaengineeringcorp.com
We will be demonstrating this
system in Las Vegas at theWest Fastener Show
Booth 707
October 24-25, 2013
Delta Engineering LLC
3 Freedom Way
Walpole, MA 02081
USA
(781) 729-8650
www.deltaengineeringcorp.com
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WARM FORMING PROGRESSIVE HEADERSSACMA has developed special machines, incorporating induction heating units in the wire feeding line. The typical temperature range of warm forming applications is
between 300°C/572°F and 900°C/1652°F depending of materials. High frequency induction heating is obtained by means of special coils that can be fitted outside or inside
the main frame of the machine, between the feed rolls and the cut-off quill. There is specific cooling of the coils and of the frame and the temperature of the wire is read byspecific optical pyrometers. The WF application also provides temperature control of the die box and of the coolant liquid.
It allows the deformation of Titanium alloys (Ti3,5Al2V, Ti6Al4V), Light alloys (2000 and 7000 series), Nickel superalloys, Alloyed steel (100Cr6, Cromolly steels),
Stainless steels for high temperature applications (A286, A310).
WILL BE DEMONSTRATED IN THE LOS ANGELES AREA DURING THE WEEK OF OCTOBER 2126, 2013
FROMOCTOBER 21-26, 2013
See video >
SACMA LIMBIATE S.p.A.: Limbiate (MB) - ITALY - Tel. +39 02 99 45 21 - Fax +39 02 99 05 01 85 - [email protected] - [email protected] - www.sacmalimbiate.it
INGRAMATIC S.p.A.: Castelnuovo Scrivia (AL) - ITALY - Tel. +39 0131 87 161 - Fax +39 0131 82 30 70 - [email protected] - www.ingramatic.com
SACMA MACHINERY CORPORATION: Westlake - Ohio - USA - Tel. +1 44 08 92 16 00 - Fax +1 44 08 71 88 06 - [email protected]
TITANIUM ALLOYS
Ti3,5AI2V
Ti6AI4V
STAINLESSSTEEL
A286
A310
LIGHT ALLOYS 2000
AND 7000 SERIES
ALLOYED STEEL
(100Cr6, CROMOLLY STEEL)
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CORPORATE NEWS
24 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
Newly expanded Met-Max Innovations/National Machnery LLC tool room.
Met-Max Innovations
Tool Room Expansion Met-Max Innovations located in
Tiffin, OH, USA, under the National
Machinery LLC parent company, has
recently completed a tool room expan-
sion allowing the company to betterserve its cold forming customers’ tool
development needs.
National Machinery LLC provides its
customers with cutting-edge cold form-
ing equipment. The Met-Max Innova-
tions group provides its customers with
design, manufacturing and development
services to drive ideas from concept to
production by using state-of-the-art pro-
cesses, tooling and National Machinery
LLC forming equipment.
The tool room expansion allows for an
increase in capacity, improved efcien-
cies and the latest and greatest machin-
ing technology in the EDM and grinding
elds. The expansion includes addedequipment to bring the company’s total
equipment listing to 11 wire, plunge and
hole drilling EDMs, three precision tool
maker grinders, along with numerous
OD/ID grinders, super precision lathes
and a vertical machining center.
The expansion project also included
updating the facility to provide a temper-
ature-controlled environment to produce
the most precise tooling available.
National Machinery has the capability
to produce any type of tooling for cold
forming equipment including cases, in-
serts, segmented tools and punches with
very precise tolerances. This tool room
ts very well in the Met-Max Innovationsbusiness group by fusing proven design
engineering with tooling development.
The customer can provide a desired
nished part print and Met-Max Innova-
tions can take it from there, developing
concept drawings, manufacturing the
tools and developing the process on its
specially designed cold forming equip-
ment. www.nationalmachinery.com
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Bolt Formers Nut FormersParts Formers Nut Tapping Machines
Building Bolt Formers,Parts Formers, Nut Formers
2 Die 2 Blows to 7 Die 7 BlowsSizes ranging from 3MM to 46MM Cutoff
We build over 400 machines per year!Can we build one for you?
Our complete line of progressive cold formers can makea wide range of bolts, nuts and special parts.
Exclusive USA Agent
www.truformequipment.com e-mail: [email protected]
5656 W. 120th St.,Alsip, IL 60803
Tel: 708-489-0395 Fax: 708-489-0396
State-of-the-Art Forming Machines
14744 S McKinley Ave, Posen, IL 60469 USATel: 708-897-8595 Fax: 708-897-8591
www.truformequipment.com • e-mail: [email protected]
8/17/2019 FASTENER 10-11-2013
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IFI Update ASTM F1941 Electroplating
Standard is Being Revised
by:Joe GreensladeDirector of Engineering TechnologyIndustrial Fasteners Institute (IFI)6363 Oak Tree BoulevardIndependence, OH 44131 USAE-mail: [email protected]
26 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
A lot has been happening with fastener nishes for the past ve years
that affect ASTM F1941, Electrodeposited Coatings on Threaded Fasten-
ers. Two changes have been very signicant and it has taken a while for
those changes to become stable enough for the standards to be updated
to address them effectively. Those two changes are the expanded useof trivalent chromates replacing hexavalent chromates on electroplated
nishes and greater understanding about the causes and prevention of
hydrogen embrittlement in hardened fasteners.
Trivalent Versus Hexavalent Chromium
Conversion Coatings on Electroplating
Many years ago, the serious health problems associated with the use of
hexavalent chromium came to light. The most dramatic evidence of the
seriousness of the problem was the story of Erin Brochovich, where she
discovered that the hexavalent chromium had gotten into the drinking wa-
ter of Hinckley, Ca, USA, causing an extraordinary number of incidences
of cancer in the local community. That and other incidences and research
lead to the European regulations called RoHS and REACH . RoHS rst
impacted the global auto industry where a lot of hexavalent chromium
was used as a corrosion inhibitor. Prior to RoHS most fastener nishes
contained hexavalent chromium.
Since the auto industry is the largest consumer of mechanical fasteners
worldwide, when the auto industry banned use of hexavalent chromium,
a major transformation took place in fastener nishes and in electroplat-
ing in particular. Electroplated nishes without a chromate have close to
zero corrosion resistance. Many chemical suppliers for nishes worked
very hard to develop alternatives to hexavalent chromium. The largest
shift was to the substitution of trivalent chromium.
That sounded easy enough, but like most things that look simple at rst, it
turned out not to be so simple. The transition was painful and expensive
for plating companies. It was discovered very early that you cannot just
take the hexavalent tank out of the plating line and put in the trivalent tank
in and carry on. The demand for hexavalent chromium did not go away
overnight and the demand for trivalent was gradual. Platers had to install
completely separate plating lines to do the electroplating nishes using
trivalent chromium.Quickly after the conversion to trivalent chromium started, a number of
discouraging things were discovered:
• Trivalent chromium has only about one-half the corrosion resistance
of hexavalent chromium.
• The yellow colored trivalent chromium added no additional corrosion
resistance as users were used to when they switched from clear hexa-
valent chromium to yellow hexavalent chromium where the corrosion
resistance at least doubled.
• School is still out on whether the K factor of trivalent chromium is the
same or higher than for hexavalent chromium, but there are many
that contend the K factor is higher on the trivalent chromium. If this
is correct, changing from zinc plating with a hexavalent chromium to
a trivalent chromium can result in a joint with less tension, thus the
possibility to more joint loosening.
In the 2007 revision of ASTM F1941
, there was a provision for trivalentchromium to be specied by simply adding a “T” to the end of the n -
ish designation number to indicate that the electroplated nish must use
trivalent chromium instead of hexavalent chromium. Unfortunately, the
three issues above had not fully come to light at that time.
Much has been learned about the use of trivalent chromium since 2007,
thus the need for the current revision to ASTM F1941. The F16 Commit-
tee hopes to publish this new revision before the end of 2013. Following
are some of the proposed changes:
• The recognition that topcoats and sealers are needed in addition to
trivalent chromium conversion nishes to achieve the corrosion resist-
ant values indicated in the standard.
• Friction modiers are available and may be desirable to enable the nish
to perform as desired from a tightening perspective. Friction modiers
can be PTFE (Teon) incorporated into the topcoat or can be a wax
applied as the last operation in applying the nish.
• A system for designating these multi-layer nishes is being introduced
in this revision.
Hydrogen Embrittlement Prevention & Detection
Much research has been completed since 2007 on the subject of hydro-
gen induced failures in fasteners. Some of the conclusions coming from
the research is resulting in some proposed changes in ASTM F1941.
The research has conrmed the previous threshold for the concern for
hydrogen embrittlement baking starting at Rockwell C40. It has been fur -
ther validated that the susceptibility for hydrogen embrittlement failures
increases rapidly as the fastener hardness increases. This means that ASTM F1941 does NOT mandate post plating baking for any SAE J429
Grades 5 or 8, ASTM A354, ASTM A449 or ISO 898-1, 10.9 bolts or
screws.
The standard recommends that nishes other than electroplating should
be considered for fasteners that are Rockwell C40 and above, but if they
are electroplated, the fasteners should be baked for a minimum of 14
hours instead of the long-published recommended four-hour bake. It is
suggested that when baking is performed, it should be done as quickly as
practical after plating, but the exact period is not specied as critical. Test-
ing after baking through-hardened bolts and screws must be conducted
according to ASTM F606 as specied in the current revision of F1941,
but the requirement for the use of the method specied in ASME B18.6.3
is proposed to be used after electroplating all types of tapping screws.
Inch & Metric Requirements Are Now Combined
Last year, the F16 Committee decided that all new or revised nish stand-
ards should cover both inch and metric fasteners. The reasoning on that
is that the nishes have no different requirements whether the nish is on
an inch or a metric bolt. Only the expressions of the units must be stated
throughout. This decision makes it much easier for the F16 Committee to
keep the inch and metric requirements coordinated at all times.
Conclusion
ASTM F1941, Electrodeposited Coatings on Threaded Fasteners, is in
the revision process at this time. Here are signicant changes:
1. Topcoats and sealers are identied and it is acknowledged that triva-
lent chromium nishes must incorporate the topcoats and sealers to meet
the published corrosion resistance requirements.
2. Torque modiers are identied that can be added to nishes so the K
factors can be controlled much more precisely than in the past.
3. A new nish identication system is being introduced so that the addi -
tion of topcoats, sealants and friction modiers can be clearly designated
when specifying nishes in the future.
4. When electroplating fasteners that have a hardness of HRC 40 or
above, the recommended baking time is being raised from four hours to
fourteen hours at temperature. The temperatures will not change.
5. Inch/metric requirements will be incorporated into one standard.
It is hoped that the revision of ASTM F1941 is published before the end of
2013. Contact the author at [email protected] .
Founded in 1931, the Industrial Fasteners Institute (IFI), Indepen-dence, OH, USA, is an association of the leading North Americanmanufacturers of bolts, nuts, screws, rivets and all types of specialformed parts. Associate members include suppliers of equipment,materials and services commonly used in fastener manufacture.
Whether you are a fastener maker, supplier or end-user, IFI hassomething of value to offer. www.indfast.org
Joe Greenslade has been active in the fastener industry since1970. He held positions with major fastener rms before becomingIFI Director of Engineering Technology. [email protected]
For info on becoming a Member or Associate Member of the IFI,
contact Rob Harris, Managing Director, at +1 216 241 1482 [email protected].
FTI
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Got FastenerTraining?
Metric: Are You Up to Speed?
by:
Carmen Vertullo, CFS
Lead Instructor
Fastener Training Institute ®
10842 Noel Street, #107
Los Alamitos, CA 90720 USA
www.FastenerTraining.org
28 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
When I rst came into the fastener industry about 25years ago, metric fasteners were a sideline for most
fastener distributors. Some carried more items than
others and the company I worked for, Ababa Bolt in
San Diego, CA, USA, carried more than most. In our
area, we were known as the go-to supplier for metric
fasteners. In those days (I am not trying to sound like
an old timer), we got our metric technical information
exclusively from supplier catalogs, and on rare occa-
sions, an association technical presentation.
Sometime in the early 1990s I was at a WAFD confer-
ence (if you don’t know what WAFD is, ask someone
who’s been around for more than 10 years) in beauti-ful Ojai, CA, USA. “Metric was coming,” they told us.
“You better get ready.”
That’s where I got my rst good dose of metric fas-
tener training. Dale Tarantino and Bill Unferth gave
a great presentation on metric fasteners that covered
things like property class markings and the metric tol-
erancing system.
I said “This is great. We should train our sales people
and our customers in metric fasteners.”
And we did. We used catalogs and supplier informa-
tion. The training was well received and we enjoyedsome nice business for being in-the-know on metric
fasteners.
Fast forward 25 years. Metric is nally here. Not ex-
actly the way we expected, but denitely here, and
here to stay. USA auto makers are 100% metric. So
are manufacturers of everything from milling ma-
chines to windmills. Inch fasteners still predominate
in areas like construction, aerospace and some heavy
equipment and truck markets, but metric is way more
than a sideline for most fastener suppliers, and it’s
everything to many. As an independent consultant,
about half of what I do in terms of fastener problem
solving, distributor training and engineering drawings
is metric. If the trend continues, and it will, in a few
years I expect it will be upwards of 75%.
In today’s market it is essential that suppliers and end
users have a solid understanding of metric fasten-
ers that is based on more than catalog information.
This means having access to and understanding of,
the specications and standards that govern metric
fasteners. It also means keeping abreast of industry
trends and the latest technical and training resources.
Two of the best resources for keeping current are the
Industrial Fasteners Institute (IFI) and the Fasten-er Training Institute ® (FTI). These two organizations
team up to bring resources and training to fastener
providers throughout the supply chain.
If you pay any attention at all to the metric fastener
industry you know that times are changing. Specs are
changing. The IFI is blazing the trail on getting us all
up to speed and showing us how to get our custom-
ers (OEMs and end users) on board with the latest
changes. Basically that means that DIN and JIS are
out, and ISO is in, and when it comes to metric fas-
teners, ASME (which was never really in, in the rst
place) is denitely out, and ASTM metric standards
are not major players.
“Easy for you to say,” you are thinking. “My reality is
somewhat different.”
That’s right. Your customers are still asking for DIN
standard parts and those who are catching the wave
and asking for ISO parts have trouble getting ISO cer-
tications. What to do?
The FTI is offering a new course, Metric Fasteners:
There’s More to Know Than You Think . This is a full-
day, highly technical course focusing on metric fas-
teners. It covers metric specications and standards,metric terminology and metric math. Attendees will
nd out about the latest industry trends and why many
common metric standards are obsolete, and what to
do about it. They will also get some hands-on experi-
ence in applying generic fastener principles such as
the torque-tension relationship to metric fasteners.
Technical topics such as metric threads and toleranc-
ing will be covered in detail. Also, some amazing re-
sources will be shared to help attendees become THE
metric technical authority in their market.
It’s an exciting time to be a metric fastener suppli-er, but it will be a frustrating time for those who do
not avail themselves of the information necessary to
know how to navigate the changing standards and
marketplace situation. Suppliers are responding to
the changes, and even though demand for DIN prod-
uct is still stronger than for ISO, they are getting in line
with the standards changes. Up-to-speed suppliers
will dual-certify their product where it meets both DIN
and ISO standards. Where there are differences such
as in some hex cap screws and nut hex dimensions,
some offer and certify to both DIN and ISO products
under separate part numbers.
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FTI
Carmen Vertullo, CFS is a Manufacturing Engineer andfastener consultant based in San Diego, CA, USA. Hiscompany, CarVer Consulting, works with fastener sup-pliers and end users to solve fastener problems, developquality management systems and provide custom fastener
solutions. He has been instrumental in the developmentof fastener training programs for associations, end usersand suppliers. He is also one of the lead instructors for theFastener Training Institute’s Certied Fastener Special-ist™ Training Program. Carmen Vertullo can be reached [email protected]
October 2013/Fastener Technology International 29
As suppliers do their part, distributors need to do
their part as well. That means encouraging the use
of ISO standards by their customers and OEMs, and
it means getting the training and technical resources
they need to speak to their markets with authority.
Joe Greenslade, IFI Technical Director, says, “What
I stress to people is that DIN fastener standards are
dead! There is no group overseeing their maintenance
or supporting the standards. Dumping DIN and adopt-
ing ISO nomenclature is the right engineering thing to
do. It will not be a quick transition, but those of us in
the position to inuence others need to teach this fact.”
Listen to Joe. Get trained and start encouraging your
customers to specify ISO, and learn how to provide
them the product and certications they need to do
it. And register for Metric Fasteners: There’s More to
Know Than You Think , November 5, 2013, in La Mi-
rada, CA, USA (right near Disneyland). And in case
you didn’t know, Mickey is metric!
Please contact the FTI to register for the metric train-
ing or to be placed on a mailing list for any other fas-tener training courses at info@FastenerTraining.
org. And check the website below for the other course
offerings.
The Fastener Training Institute’s core purpose is to
enhance fastener use, safety and reliability.
www.FastenerTraining.org
Got Fastener Training? ...continued
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Fastener Failure Analysis
Efciency Gains in the Failure
Analysis Ordering Process
by:
Steve Reilly, Vice President
Sherry Engineering Group
9301 Innovation Drive, Suite 175
Daleville, IN 47334 USA
www.sherrylabs.com
30 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
Fastener manufacturers and end users sometimes have a
need for independent analysis to identify current or poten-
tial failure modes of a product or process. When such an
event occurs, the overriding need is for speed and accuracy
in identifying the root cause of the failure in order to rapidly
develop a viable solution to the problem.
Fastener rms and their clients deserve and want fast accurate
results from their failure analysis testing laboratory partners.
Quality, speed, ease of doing business and cost frequently
dene value for both manufacturers and end users. Rank inimportance tends to follow this order with little variation.
Today we will provide guidance and an approach that you can
use to dramatically and positively impact the desired gains you
receive when you require independent failure analysis. Hope-
fully, the need for independent failure analysis is infrequent.
This infrequent need for failure analysis is a good thing, but it
fosters the need for guidance in how to achieve the best value
when you order failure analysis services. To reduce anxiety
and concern, you need a systematic and specic process.
To understand this approach let’s look at the basic tenants of
the analysis process.
Failure analysts are highly educated and skilled scientists
and engineers who live in a world of data veried by sophisti-
cated instruments coupled with their own highly tuned analyt-
ical skills. The accuracy and speed of their analysis is directly
related to the completeness and accuracy of the information
submitted with the order. This relationship between informa-
tion input and output is directly proportional.
Now let’s display what the failure analyst needs to know to do
the best job for you and build that information into a guideline
you can use every time you order failure analysis services.The information requested may vary, but omitting any one of
the item categories below can have a pronounced negative
impact on the speed and accuracy of the analysis and re-
porting event. At best, the omission will require a phone call
from the lab to the purchaser to clarify the exact need. Even
if contact is made on the rst attempt, it means an extra step
in communication by both parties before the order can pro-
ceed. In today’s busy world, a more likely scenario is multiple
calls or emails will be required to pin down the required infor -
mation. Extra steps mean extra turn time and extra dollars,
which is detrimental for both parties.
Bolt assembly as received for failure analysis.
SEM image of inner granular failure in a fastener.
Center of a threaded root near the fracture exhibited
elongated dimple-like features as a consequence of
stretching. Complete separation of surface layer and
crack-like tearing can be seen near the center of the
root (SEM-SEI, 1000X).
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FTI
Here is a 10 point guideline for your use and review:
• Name, position and company of the person submitting the sample and order.
Often the person submitting the order is not the engineer who initiated the
request. If this is the case, please include the contact information for that
person as it will prove very valuable if the failure analyst can speak directly to
that person.
• Provide as much historical data as possible: Type of service and environment
in which it is operating; Any abnormal conditions present before and during the
failure; Base material information, part and assembly drawings, specications
or code requirements that apply to the failed material.
• Photographs of the part in service can be very helpful if they are available.
• Describe the part or sample you are submitting including the part number
if known as this information will be the sample description appearing on the
test report.
• Describe the observed failure and the normal function of the part.
• Has anything changed in the manufacture or sourcing of this part such as
supplier, personnel or material specications? Include specied installation
torque if appropriate.
• If the part is completely fractured into two parts, please provide both halves
of the mating fracture service.
• Do not attempt to mate fracture surfaces together or clean or attempt to preserve
fracture surfaces in any way. Leave them in their natural discovered state.
• If the fracture surfaces can be damaged during shipment, protect them with
bubble wrap or cardboard.
• Always try to include comparable parts that did not fail for comparison and/
or failure reproduction or service simulation.
Another desirable side effect of ordering with a checklist or logic guideline is
that this is a big rst step toward turning the traditional buyer-seller relationship
into a true partnering relationship where both partners achieve their desired
gains in quality, speed, efciency, ease of business and cost effectiveness.
During the course of a failure analysis, intermittent communication with the ana-
lyst is essential to present initial results, discuss ndings and observations and
reassess direction of the project. Your samples should not go into a “black hole”
in which at some time in the future, a report comes out. In some instances, theanalyst may encounter a feature or item that is unexpected. Answers to addi-
tional questions that surface from these unexpected ndings can help rene the
direction of the analysis to provide more accurate and poignant conclusions and
recommendations.
The goal of a failure analysis is to identify the cause of the failure, and to set a
direction for the client to put corrective actions in place to prevent reoccurrence.
A collaborative effort between the analysis (lab), the client and other parties (sup-
plier, end user, etc.) will yield the most accurate assessment as well as set in mo-
tion the most effective solutions. Communication is the key to reaching this goal.
For further discussion or for additional technical information, visit the Sherry
Engineering Group website: www.sherrylabs.com
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Setting Adjustable Thread Rings
Often times, we are sent special sized GO and NOT
GO adjustable threaded ring gages for calibration, or we
are asked to quote/manufacture new ones. In either case,
we must ask the customer if they own the set plug. And in
most cases, they do not.
The most common response we get is, “Why do I need
the set plug? The last company I sent these gages to didn’t
require them.”
Upon further investigation, it is found that the “other
company” is using some form of direct measurement, eitherCMM or single-point ball probes. The simple fact is that
the other company is not following the consensus standards
that govern this calibration, and in turn is misleading end
users into believing their calibrat ions are valid and proper.
Several standards are quite clear on how adjustable
thread rings are to be checked, set, adjusted or calibrated:
• ASME B1.2 and ASME B1.16 state: Adjustable GO
(and subsequently NOT GO) thread ring gages must
be set to the applicable W tolerance setting plugs.
• MIL-STD-120 states: The pitch diameter of adjustable
thread ring gages is adjusted by tting the ring to a
setting plug of known size.
• FED-STD-H28/6A states: The size of adjustable limit
or indicating thread gages is controlled by utilizing
the applicable W tolerance thread setting plug.
• IFI-301 states: The functional di-
ameter of the working ring is set
to the functional diameter size of
the combined characteristics of
the setting plug.
It is abundantly clear in all the
standards that govern thread gaging
that a set plug is required to set an
adjustable ring gage.
A few points that may help ex-
plain the reasoning and difference
between setting a ring gage to a set
plug versus directly measuring the
pitch diameter are:
• Adjustable thread rings are not
round. A set plug will engage the
circular boundary, but a direct
34 Fastener Technology International/October 2013
“Why do I need the set plug?
measure probe will simply measure two or more independ-
ent points in the thread groove, and chances are pretty goodthat the “best ball” size is not being used.
• Adjustable thread rings are intended to be used as a
functional check of the product. Set plugs will conrm a
functional t, but direct measurement will only provide
pitch diameter size at the specic thread groove that is
probed. Direct measurement does not take factors such
as ank angle, lead, root clearance or helical offset into
consideration. In other words, all the elements that make
up functional t are being ignored.
• Setting an adjustable thread ring gage to a setting plug may
be subjective, because “rm t” or “snug t” as dened in
the standards, may mean something different to different
people. However, there is much more variation when taking
more than one direct measurement of the same gage. In
fact, there could be several “tenths” different in the actual
setting between the two methods.
Calibration laboratories that are accredited to ISO
17025 either have to follow “standard methods” or they
can develop their own as long as they are then validated.
Validation of those alternative methods means that the
result is repeatable to within measurement uncertainty us-ing the standard method as the measuring stick. The direct
measurement of pitch diameter on adjustable thread ring
gages has been studied and proven to provide too large of
a deviation. Therefore, direct measurement is not a valid
alternative to setting adjustable thread ring gages with a
by:
Larry Borowski
President
Greenslade & Company, Inc.
2234 Wenneca Ave.
Ft. Worth, TX 76102 USA
www.greensladeandcompany.com
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FTI
setting plug.
Adjustable thread ring gages can be sensitive and it
is highly recommended that end users have their own
setting plug to periodically evaluate their proper setting.
Settings can change if the ring is accidentally dropped or
mishandled, and size can be affected by how abrasive orhow much dirt and grit are on the product threads at the
time of inspection.
Gage owners beware! Adjustable GO and NOT GO
threaded ring gages certied without the use of the appro-
priate setting plugs are probably inaccurate. Unless adjust-
able thread ring gages are set to the appropriate threaded
setting plugs as specied by ASME and other standards,
gage certications of those gages are invalid.
The ASME standard governs their design and calibra-
tion, so adjustable thread ring gages that are calibrated by
any other means other than a set plug are more than likelyset to an inaccurate size. Furthermore, they may accept
nonconforming threaded product or may erroneously reject
conforming product.
So to answer the question, “Why do I need the set plug?”
“Because the standards say so!”
www.greensladeandcompany.com
October 2013/Fastener Technology International 35
Company Profle:
Greenslade & Company, Inc. is an ISO 17025-accred-
ited provider of dimensional calibration services to sup-
pliers of mechanical fasteners. The rm also supplies a
range of fastener inspection equipment and services.
www.greensladeandcompany.com
Author Profle:
Larry Borowski has been active in the fastener industry
since 2005. He holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Mechani-
cal Engineering from Syracuse
University. In addition to guid-
ing the activities of Greenslade
& Company, he is also active
on the ASME B1 Committee on
Screw Threads. With his exper-
tise, he provides gage training
and works to resolve fastener ap- plication and testing issues with
his customers in the fastener in-
dustry. He is also instrumental in
developing custom inspection equipment, and working
through quality-related issues.
EMPHASIS: Quality Control
J u n e 8 - 1 0 , 2 0 1 5 • R o s e m o n t , I L , U S A
w
w w . f a s t e n e r t e c h . c o m • w w w . m w f a . n e t
F
A S T E N E R
T E C H ™ ’ 1 5
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Measuring Zinc Plating
Nails and other fasteners are coated in order to protect
them against rust, and the thickness of the zinc layer
corresponds directly to how long the fasteners can resist
corrosion. Extended warranties and constantly changing
regulations make it more important than ever for the fas-
tener industry to assess whether the quality of the plating
meets relevant standards.
The hand-held PHASCOPE® PMP10 and the probe
ESD2.4 from Fischer Technology, Inc., together form an
affordable measuring system that provides precision andaccuracy in a portable unit for quick and reliable testing
of zinc-coated fasteners.
Testing to SpecicationA wide range of fastener products, for example, nails,
screws, bolts, etc., that are zinc plated, require testing to
specication. Typically, this would be
on hemispherical surfaces, threaded
stems or cut ends.
For nondestructive testing, one can
employ high-precision X-ray uores-cence (XRF) or the more cost-effective
phase-sensitive eddy current method.
This method fullls the requirements
of the EN (DIN) 14592 classication.
It is better suited than other electro-
magnetic testing methods because of
its capability to measure electrically
conductive coatings—even on rough
surfaces—on a variety of substrates.
The method also offers great advantages
in measuring small objects since the
geometry of the part being measured
exerts very little inuence on the mea-
surement itself.
