FCE PRACTICE

Practice reading techniques - scanning, skimming, intensive and extensive reading.+ Scanning: You try to find a particular piece of information. You read from top to down of the text quickly to find the specific information you need to answer questions.+ Skimming: You try to gather the most important information as quickly as possible. You read from top to down of the text quickly and note important information.+ Intensive reading: You try to find the details of a specific information. Example question: What does "intensive" in line 5 mean?+ Extensive reading: You try to find general information of a passage. Example question: What is the best title for this passage?

FCE Speaking Test: Key FactsDuration: Approximately 14 minutes.Participants: Candidates interviewed in pairs. (In threes for the final session at a centre with an odd number of candidates). Two examiners are present. One examiner (the interlocutor) carries out the interviewer whilst the second (the assessor) focuses on the candidate's performance.Format: There are four parts to the test.FCE Speaking Test: Part 1 (Interview)Tests ability to: use language for social purposes, e.g. making introductions, answering questions about yourself.Part 1 of the FCE Speaking test lasts about 3 minutes. The examiner will ask some 'getting-to-know-you' questions perhaps to find out where you come from, your interests, your family or your studies etc. Example QuestionsQ: Where are you from?Q: Tell me something about your family.Q: What did you enjoy most when you were at primary school?Q: Do you have any plans for a holiday this year?Q: Do you play any musical instruments?Tips! Giving full answers to the examiner's questions will help get the interview off to a good start. 1) Avoid giving short, uncommunicative replies. Q: Tell me something about your family.A: I live with my mum, dad and sister and brother. (Don't stop there!) My sister's younger than me and still goes to school. My brother works as a computer technician.2) Avoid short, 'yes', 'no' answers to closed questions. (These are questions beginning 'Have you ...', 'Do you ...', 'Is it ...' etc which can be answered simply with a yes or no answer).Q: Do you have any plans for a holiday this year?A: Yes. (Don't stop there!) If I get the chance I'd like to visit my friend in Germany. We haven't seen each other for a while and I'm really looking forward to seeing him and getting to know Germany.Q: Do you play any musical instruments?A: No. (Don't stop there!) We had music lessons when I was at school but I was never very good.3) Offer examples to help you explain a statement.Q: Why are you preparing for the FCE exam?A: No reason really. (Don't stop there!) I enjoy learning English and I think it would be good to have a qualification to show my level.

FCE Speaking Test: Part 2 (Long Turn)Tests ability to: speak at length coherently, use language to describe, compare and contrast and comment upon a topic.

1

FCE PRACTICE

Part 2 of the FCE Speaking test lasts between 4 minutes (6 minutes for groups of three). The examiner gives you two photographs and your partner a different pair of photographs. You have to speak about your two photos without interruption for about 1 minute and also answer a question about your partner's photographs when he or she has finished their long turn.Example TaskThe interview will begin with the examiner saying something like:Q: In this part of the test I'm going to give each of you two photographs. I'd like you to talk about your photographs on your own for about 1 minute and also to answer a short question about your partner's photographs.Q: (Candidate A), here are your photographs. They show people participating in sporting activities.Q: I'd like you to compare the two photographs and say why sport is important to people. Q: All right?Notice there are TWO instructions here: first to 'compare' the two photographs and also 'to say why' sport is important to people. In Part 2 candidates need to show they can compare but also give an opinion.

The examiner will then ask Candidate B a short question about these photographs. Q: Thank you (Candidate A). (Candidate B) which sport would you most like to try?Candidate B will then do their long turn with a different set of photographs and at the end, Candidate A will be asked a short question.Tips!1. Listen to the instructions carefully and make sure you know what you have to talk about. If you don't understand the instructions you should ask the examiner to repeat them:"Excuse me, could you say that again?" "I'm sorry, but would you mind repeating that?"2. The question will help you with the structure of your talk. A) Start with a general summary of the topic: 'These two photographs show people involved in a sport.' B) Then move on to a comparison of the two pictures, using words to help explain the comparison: Both photographs were taken outside and each of the people are concentrating hard on what they're doing. 'The top photo shows a woman rock climbing whilst the bottom photo is of a young skating ... It looks like the woman is out in the natural world whereas the boy is in a man-made skating park ..... etc.'C) Finally give your opinion with examples, again using signposting words and expressions to help the examiner follow your argument.

2

FCE PRACTICE

'In my opinion, sport is important for people in lots of ways. For example, it's a way to keep fit of course, but we also meet new people and can get a lot of enjoyment from a sport ... etc.'4. Practise making short one-minute talks as often as possible to get an idea for how long 1 minute feels like. Time yourself and ask a friend for feedback.

FCE Speaking Test: Part 3: (Collaborative Task)Tests ability to: use language to discuss, express an opinion, to agree and disagree, speculate and evaluate etc.In Part 3 of the test, which lasts about 3 minutes, the examiner will give both candidates instructions and a set of visuals and the candidates will have to try to reach some form of agreement. Example TaskThe examiner will say something like:Q: Now, I'd like you to talk about something together for about 3 minutes. Q: I'd like you to imagine that you are planning a week-long touring holiday with your partner around the country that you're studying in. You want to see as much as possible but don't want to spend too much money on transport. Look at the types of transport shown in the photographs.Q: First talk to each other about how useful each of these forms of transport might be for your holiday. Then decide which one would be best.Q: All right?

Notice there are TWO instructions here: first to talk about each form of transport then to 'decide' which one is best for your holiday. This means you have to do more than just describe the different forms of transport. You also have to show you can work with your partner to try to reach some form of agreement. You don't have to reach agreement but you must at least work towards this. Tips!It will help both yourself and your partner if you work together collaboratively on this task.1. Be prepared to ask your partner for his or her opinion rather than simply stating your own. For example:'What do you think?' 'How about you?' 'Do you think ...?'2. Listen carefully' to what your partner says and respond to comments he or she makes to help the discussion flow. For example:'Do/Have/Are you?' 'Don't/Haven't/Aren't you?' 'Do you think so? 'Really?'3. If you disagree try expressing this politely. For example: 'I see what you mean but ...''I can see your point but ...''But don't you think ...'

3

FCE PRACTICE

4. Use expressions to allow yourself time to think. For example: 'That's a good question.''Well, let me think ...''It's difficult to say ...' 5. You'll possibly find you don't understand something your partner has said. If this happens, take control with simple questions like those below to help you deal positively with the situation. This will also give you the chance to impress the examiner with your communication skills. A) If you didn't quite understand a word or phrase just say something like:"Sorry but could you explain what you mean by ........" or"I haven't come across that word/expression before. Could you explain what you mean?"B) If you didn't hear or didn't understand something your partner has said, ask them to repeat it:"Sorry, I didn't catch that. Could you say that again?" "Excuse me. Could you repeat that?"C) Alternatively, you might want to confirm what you think your partner said so you could say something like:"Do you mean ........" "When you say ........, are you asking/do you mean ........?"

FCE Speaking Test Part 4: (Discussion)Tests ability to: use language to express and justify an opinion, to agree and disagree etc.In Part 4 of the test, which lasts about 4 minutes, the examiner will join both candidates in a discussion about the general topic that appeared in Part 3. Example QuestionsQ: Which sports are popular with young people in your country?Q: Some people say people don't participate in sport as much as they should. Do you think this is true?Q: Do you think team sports are more fun than individuial sportsTips1. Again, as with earlier sections of the test, avoid short, 'yes', 'no' answers to the examiner's questions. 2. Continue to work with your partner. Respond constructively and show interest in things he or she says.Would you like more help like this?For weekly tips on developing your speaking skills, to download transcripts and get updates on our new materials, sign up to our free newsletter.

Writing Class: Formal ExpressionsBeginning a letter

I am writing to enquire about courses at your college I am writing in connection with your advertisement With reference to your advertisement in the Times With reference to your letter of 16 April Thank you for your letter of 16 June enquiring about vacancies

Giving somebody good news/ bad news I am delighted to inform you that you have passed your examination I regret to tell you that we cannot offer you a refund

Explaining that something is included in the letter : Please find enclosed a stamped addressed envelope

Apologising for something you have done wrongPlease allow me to apologise for the problems you have had

Requesting, quite strongly, that action is takenPlease could you replace the goods as soon as possible

Expressing Contrast 4

FCE PRACTICE

This exercise will give you the chance to practise some of the common linking words and expressions that are used to express contrast. For example, 'although', 'despite' etc.

1. ........ he's been really ill lately, he insists on going into work. Even though/ Even if/ Even when2. I'll never forget you, ........ I live to be 100. even if/ even though/ even when3. We decided to go to Italy for our holiday, .... it meant we needed to get our passports renewed. Despite/ despite the fact that/ despite that4. She decided to travel by plane ........ being very scared of flying. in spite of / despite the fact / despite that5. I'm not going out tonight. ........, I can see you tomorrow if you like. Although/ However/ Yet 6. ........ the car was quite old, it was still very reliable. Since/ Yet / Although7. ........ to the party they had last year, this one is great. Contrary/ In contrast/ On the contrary8. I do not agree with the criticism that her latest film is disappointing. ........, I find it one of her best pieces of work so far.

In contrast/ Contrary/ On the contraryAddition

This exercise looks at words and expressions like 'moreover', 'in addition' etc.1. ........ to being late with your repayments, you have also failed to reply to any of our letters. ( Furthermore / In addition/ As well as)2. We have decorated all the rooms in the flat ........ tidying up the garden. ( as well as/ furthermore/ in addition)3. The Government have banned the sale of the product. ........, they have threatened the company with legal action.

( As well as/ furthermore/ Besides)4. ........ being the chairman of the company she is also a regular member of several public organisations. ( Equally/ Besides/ Moreover)5. Studying a second language can help you in your career. ........, it will also enable you to meet new people. (Moreover/ Anyway/ As well)6. ........ the many books he wrote, he was also well known for his work with charities. ( In addition to/ furthermore/ Moreover)7. I don't want to go out in this weather. ........, there's a really good film on TV tonight. ( Besides/ / Moreover/ In addition)8. I don't want to see them tonight. ........, they were supposed to call us earlier. (In addition/Anyway/ Moreover)

Purpose or ReasonThis exercise will give you practice in expressing purpose or reason with expressions like, 'as a result', 'owing to' etc.

1. Because of the accident on the motorway, motorists are advised to use an alternative route. consequence

2. I'm going to night school so that I can improve my German. order

3. The captain won't be playing today because of a bad injury. due

4. He changed jobs because he wanted to be nearer to home. order

5. The man was released because the police had no evidence against him. account

6. The college was closed for a month owing to the summer holidays. result

7. Since we hadn't been out all day, we decided to go to the cinema. owing

8. We phoned the hotel to complain as we'd had such terrible service. because

TimeThis exercise focuses on linking words that express time, such as 'at first', 'eventually' etc.

1. ........ I didn't really enjoy the course, but after a while I really started to enjoy it. ( In the beginning/ At the beginning)2. ........ of the film the main character arrives in town looking for somewhere to stay. ( In the beginning/ At the beginning)3. We waited ages for a bus. ........ we decided to walk home. ( Eventually/ At last)4. The audience waited patiently for the delayed performance to start. ........ the curtain rose. ( Lastly/ At last)5. I waited for you ........ 10.00. I finally decided you weren't coming. ( before/ until)6. I managed to get the house tidy ........ my parents got home. ( before/ until)7. ........ had I gone to bed than I heard the phone ring. ( Hardly/ As soon as)8. I played a lot of tennis ........ I was on holiday. ( during/ while)

Instructions: Read the text and then select the correct answer, A, B, C or D.5

FCE PRACTICE

Environmental ConcernsEarth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life. (1) ... human activities are making the planet less fit to live on. As the western world (2) ... on consuming two-thirds of the world's resources while half of the world's population do so (3) ... to stay alive we are rapidly destroying the (4) ... resource we have by which all people can survive and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is (5) ... built on or washed into the sea. Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never be able to recover (6) ... We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any thought of the consequences. As a (7) ... the planet's ability to support people is being (8) ... at the very time when rising human numbers and consumption are (9) ... increasingly heavy demands on it. The Earth's (10) ... resources are there for us to use. We need food, water, air, energy, medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to (11) ... us fed, comfortable, healthy and active. If we are sensible in how we use the resources they will (12) ... indefinitely. But if we use them wastefully and excessively they will soon run out and everyone will suffer.1. A. although B. still C. yet D. despite2. A. continues B. repeats C. carries D. follows3. A. already B. just C. for D. entirely4. A. alone B. individual C. lone D. only5. A. sooner B. neither C. either D. rather6. A. quite B. greatly C. utterly D. completely

7. A. development B. result C. reaction D. product8. A. stopped B. narrowed C. reduced D. cut9. A. doing B. having C. taking D. making10. A. natural B. real C. living D. genuine11. A. hold B. maintain C. stay D. keep12. A. last B. stand C. go D. remain

Write the Perfect Crime NovelMost people are born with the natural ability to tell stories, but only a rare few have the determination to become professional authors, and even fewer have the joy of seeing their novels top the (1) ... of bestselling books. Some of the world's famous crime writers have achieved the (2) ... success of all. Who can (3) ... the appeal of famous detectives like Sherlock Holmes, Miss Marple or Hercule Poirot? Even if you haven't read the (4) ... books you will have seen them in films or on the TV.If you have an ambition to become the (5) ... Agatha Christie what should you do? The best starting (6) ... is to read lots of examples of crime fiction written by good authors. You will need a notebook to carry around with you or, (7) ... better, some loose (8) ... of paper that you can (9) ... notes on and then file into a folder. After all, the most everyday situation - for example, watching a woman get (10) ... a train - may be the (11) ... for your first bestseller.Like any good recipe you have to know the main (12) ... of a successful novel. These are: an original story, strong characters and a memorable setting.1. A. queue B. list C. row D. line2. A. largest B. greatest C. highest D. prime 3. A. deny B. refuse C. insist D. hide4. A. first B. initial C. early D. original5. A. next B. following C. subsequent D. later6. A. spot B. tip C. point D. mark

7. A. even B. still C. very D. so8. A. strips B. sheets C. layers D. pieces9. A. complete B. do C. fill D. make10. A. out B. down C. off D. from11. A. notion B. idea C. invention D. inspiration12. A. parts B. ingredients C. pieces D. sections

No More ClassesThe use of computers has meant students can study language programmes (1) ... their own speed when and for how long they want - and no need to worry about the teacher having a favourite or doing (2) ... another boring lesson. What's more, in the virtual classrooms of the future the student will (3) ... on their headset, and be transported into an imaginary school, choose their class, take the books they need off the shelf and (4) ... conversations with other computerised students.They might (5) ... choose to pay a visit to the supermarket or the train station, the bank or the restaurant. At the (6) ... of a button they would be transported to (7) ... realistic settings where they could practice their English, maybe getting a hand (8) ... a virtual English companion. All this perhaps, at the computer, from the comfort of their home: no (9) ... to catch the bus to college, or a plane to England.Exciting? Certainly, and an interesting alternative to traditional classroom lessons. But would it ever (10) ... the classroom? Hopefully not. (11) ... the need to relate to real people talking about real issues and generally learning a little more about others will always lead language learners to (12) ... at least a little of their time with real people.

1. A. with B. for C. at D. in 2. A. still B. for C. yet D. already 3. A. place B. put C. set D. get 4. A. take B. do C. catch D. hold5. A. although B. preferably C. instead D. contrary6. A. force B. hit C. depress D. push

7. A. so B. such C. like D. alike8. A. with B. to C. from D. for9. A. role B. duty C. obligation D. need10. A. replace B. restore C. succeed D. recover11. A. definitely B. mainly C. totally D. surely12. A. spend B. make C. have D. do

Instructions:Read the following extract from a brochure giving advice on taking an examination. For questions 1-12, type the word which best fits in each space. Use only one word in each space.

Exam Tips When the day comes give yourself plenty of time to do everything: have breakfast but don't drink (1).. much; go to the toilet; arrive on time, but not too early or you will find yourself getting more and more nervous while you wait to start.Try not to talk (2) .the exam before you go in.

6

FCE PRACTICE

In the exam, calm (3) ... down by breathing deeply and thinking positively. Read (4) ... exam questions carefully and underline all of the key instruction words (5) ... indicate how the questions should (6) ... answered. If possible start with the ones (7) ... can do easily to give you confidence. Remember what you've learnt from practising questions and doing mock exams previously and plan your use of time. Don't panic (8) ... everyone around you seems to start writing furiously straight away and don't be tempted to follow their example. Finally, after the exam, don't join in a discussion about (9) ... everyone else did, (10) ... you want to frighten yourself, and drain your self-confidence for the next exam. Above (11) ..., remember that exams are not designed to catch you out, (12) ... to find out what you know, what you understand and what you can do.

Instructions: Read the text and then type this missing word in the box on the right.

Too Good to be TrueSome say you can do it in seven days, others promise success in 24 hours, or you may prefer to take your time and do it in 5 weeks. What are we talking about? Believe it (1) ... not, these periods (2) ... time refer to language learning courses that promise excellent results in less time (3) ... it takes to say 'Bonjour'!However, the advertisements of these companies are not necessarily (4) ... best guide and if you don't know what to look for in a good course you could be left with little (5) ... than a large bill.A complaint was recently made to a consumer rights group (6) ... WhizzLearn Systems, a language school chain, and the company has been forced to remove its claim that its technique is ten times better than any (7) ... method. The Managing Director of WhizzLearn Systems said (8) "... we still believe our claim is true, we are willing to change our advert. But the fact remains, if you spend 3 hours (9) ... day for 5 weeks on our language course you will soon be speaking the language. What we (10) ... have done was to make (11) ... clearer in the advert. Then we wouldn't (12) ... had these annoying complaints".

Instructions: Read the text and then type this missing word in the box on the right.Camping Holidays

Although it has a reputation for being rather basic in terms of home comforts, the modern material used in the manufacture of tents means camping is at least a (1) ... less hard work. Nowadays tents are (2) ... lightweight that you hardly notice you're carrying them. They're easy to (3) ... up yet still a cheaper alternative to hotel accommodation.Talk to an expert first before spending a lot of money (4) ... a tent. Different tents suit different needs and there's no point (5) ... buying a mountaineering tent (6) ... you're planning to camp in these conditions. Don't (7) ... tempted to splash out on all the latest equipment either. Most of the fun of camping lies in the chance to get back to nature. There's no need to take anything more (8) ... the basics.Always try to plan your arrival at the site long before (9) ... gets dark. You will want to see (10) ... you're doing when you try to erect your tent. Don't forget to ask for permission if you're not camping on a registered site, and remember to take a supply of food and drink with you in (11) ... the local shops are closed when you arrive. You can then enjoy your first meal under the stars and begin (12) ... appreciate the joys of camping.

Instructions: Read the text and then type the correct form of the word in CAPITALS to complete the gaps.There is an example at the beginning.

Food ProductionIn the not-too-distant past farm animals were able to live (0) NATURAL lives in what we would now term 'free-range' conditions. Such farming methods however,were not able to supply the rapidly growing (1) ... POPULATEof the world and the increasing demands on food(2) ... In order to cope with this rising demand, factory CONSUME

7

FCE PRACTICE

farming methods were introduced along with the (3) ... DEVELOPof genetically engineered (4) ... hormones, which GROWresulted in a massive increase in food (5) ... PRODUCEHowever, these developments in the use of factory  farming and drug (6) ... have led to a widespread TREATfeeling that animals are being caused a lot of distress

and that the quality of the food itself suffers as a

consequence. Certainly, many people (7) ... with the idea AGREEof keeping animals in one building for their entire (8) ... EXISTand argue that more emphasis should be given to (9) ... ALTERNATEfarming methods. A growing number of people are choosing to eat organic food, supporting farmers who use  free-range methods, a system which has proved to be

both (10) ... and more humane. ECONOMY

Instructions: Read the text and then type the correct form of the word in CAPITALS to complete the gaps.Dress Code

UK companies have received (0) CRITICISM from a business forum for what their report refers to as CRITICa rather narrow-minded attitude towards the dress code for office workers. This follows a case in  which a male (1) ... working in the post room of a EMPLOYlarge (2) ... in the United Kingdom received a ORGANIZE(3) ... for wearing jeans to work. SUSPENDWhilst the report accepts that there is a need for people dealing with   (4) ... to look well dressed, it questions whether employees who work behind CUSTOMthe scenes necessarily need to dress formally.  The authors of the report made a (5) ... between COMPAREthe UK and other European nations where

employers seem (6) ... about the need for their CONCERNworkers to wear smart clothes in the office.  Their (7) ... is based on research that claims ARGUEworkers are far more (8) ... when they have the PRODUCT(9) ... to dress in a way that they feel most FREE(10) ... in. COMFORT

Kitchen Hygiene

The next time you go to the supermarket don't forget to buy the (0) BIGGEST bottle of kitchen BIG

cleaner you can to (1) ... your work surfaces. Recent (2) ... research in America has shown that INFECT/ HYGIENEThe (4) ... of food, heat and dampness means the kitchen is (5) ... a breeding ground for bacteria that can cause stomach upsets and vomiting.

COMBINE/ POTENTIAL

The study at the University of Arizona examined 15 homes over 30 weeks. Levels of (6) ... were CLEAN

certainly not below average yet cutting boards and dishcloths were found to contain bacteria in

far greater number than elsewhere in the home. (7) ... say ignorance is the cause of the problem RESEARCHand point out that (8) ... cleaning can lead to serious food poisoning. ADEQUATE

The (9) ... ? Make sure you clean all work surfaces SOLVE(10) ... and keep an eye on that dishcloth! DAY

8

FCE PRACTICE

'Key' Word TransformationFor questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.1. I want to go to university this year. INTERESTED I ........................................ to university this year.2. "Have you been on holiday recently, Jane?" asked Tony. BEEN

Tony asked Jane ........................................ on holiday recently.3. I was too tired to go to the party. THAT I was ........................................ I couldn't go to the party.4. There's no point asking Lynda to help as she's really busy. WASTE

It's ........................................ asking Lynda to help as she's really busy. 5. The union claims its members will only return to work if the company agrees to a meeting. NOT

The union claims its members will ............... the company agrees to a meeting.6. . I'm sure it was Ana I saw in town as I recognised her coat. MUST

It ........................................ Ana I saw in town as I recognised her coat. 7. We demanded to see the hotel manager to make our complaint. SEEING

We ........................................ the hotel manager to make our complaint.8. The boss wouldn't object to you going early today. OBJECTION

The boss would not ........................................ you going early today.9. Because it snowed heavily during the night the motorway is closed. due

The motorway is closed ........................... that there was heavy snow the night before.10. Did you manage to get in contact with the boss today? getting

Did you ........................................ in contact with the boss today?11. I don’t care what you do. concerned As ........................................ you can do what you like.12. The meal we had in the restaurant was so nice. such

It ........................................ meal in the restaurant.13. He was ordered to leave the field for arguing with the referee. sent

The referee ....................................... for arguing. 14. Do you and your brother have the same looks? like Does ........................................ you? 15. That’s the garage where I left my car last week. repaired

That’s where I went ........................................ last week.16. You can't bring food into this room. supposed

You ........................................ food into this room.17. 'Why don't you come over for dinner at the weekend?' he asked her. suggested

He ................... for dinner at the weekend. 18. His boss won't tolerate lateness. put His boss won't .................................. lateness.19. The school I studied at last year was better than this one. good

This school ................... my last one. 20. Although the weather was terrible we had a good time. spite

We had a good time .................... the terrible weather.21. Being rude is inexcusable. excuse There is ............................. rude 22. I find driving on the left in England very strange. accustomed

I ..................................... on the left in England.23. I regret taking up smoking. wish I ..................................... up smoking.24. The police are interviewing the suspects. interviewed

The suspects ..................................... by the police.Instructions:You are going to read a selection of letters from a problem page in an International English Language magazine.

For questions 1-15, choose from the people (A-H). The people may be chosen more than once.This Month's Letters: See this month's problems and questions submitted to us by learners of English:

A / I study English for 6 hours per week in secondary school. For 1 hour each week we have conversation classes with a native speaker of English where we talk about topics such as drugs, politics and culture. I know it's a really good opportunity to practise my spoken English, but I never make a contribution to the discussion. It's not that I don't have an opinion,or that I'm shy,but more that I don't have the vocabulary to express my views. I feel really frustrated at the end of the lesson. Nobody else in the group seems to have the same problem. KatalinB / I'm a 24-year-old business student from Malaysia and I've been attending English classes at night school for the past 5 years. Up to now

9

FCE PRACTICE

I've considered myself to be a good student. Last month I went to Britain to visit my relatives over there and it was awful. People found my pronunciation difficult to follow and I couldn't understand them either. What went wrong? My English teacher is very good and I always score the highest in grammar tests. FazlindaC / I'm writing to ask your opinion on a matter which is really annoying me. My English teacher never corrects my mistakes when I am speaking. Isn't that her job? How am I going to improve otherwise? Also she's always telling me that now I'm an advanced student, I should forget all the rules of grammar that I learnt when I was younger. GuntherD / Can you help me? I really want to speak English the right way, with the correct accent. Do you have any good ideas? I have a particular problem with sounds like 's'. I plan to work in the UK in the future and nobody will take me seriously if my English pronunciation is anything short of excellent. JoseE / I am working as an au pair in London looking after 2 small children. I love my job but the way that English people speak is a little puzzling. For example, I often hear them say things like 'more friendlier', whereas I thought it should be 'more friendly'. It also seems to be common for them to say 'we was' instead of 'we were'. Can you explain this? Would it be impolite of me to correct them? LanaF / I am an intermediate student of English (I have been studying it for 3 years). I'm quite good at reading and writing but listening is very difficult for me. My teacher suggested that I listen to the BBC World Service every day in order to improve my listening. The problem is that it's hard for me to understand every word. Do you have any ideas about how to make listening to the radio less difficult? I like listening to the news and knowing what's going on in the world. YukiG/ I have studied English for 5 years at school but for the past 6 months I have been doing self-study using the Internet and books to improve. There are lots of materials to choose but I'm not sure what is best for me and how I should use them. I really would like to take the FCE examination but don't know how to study on my own. Should I take a course in my local school - which is a little expensive for me now - or is it possible to prepare for the exam doing self-study? PaulaH / Could you please give me some advice on a problem I have at the moment with my English studies. I decided to go to the UK to improve my English but the college I am studying in at present is full of people from my own country. Although the teachers tell us we should only try to speak in English with each other, it is very difficult to do this, especially in our free time when we go out together. I am worried that my speaking will not improve. Maria

Part 3: Multiple MatchingWhich person: 1) would appear not to have an English teacher?

2) doesn't like studying with people from their own country?3) has a job in the UK? 4) enjoys keeping up with current affairs?5) feels that the teacher isn't doing their job properly?6) uses English speaking radio stations to practise English?7) had a shock when they visited Britain? 8) wants to avoid speaking their own language?9) wants to speak English like a native speaker?10) feels they are the only person with their difficulty?11) wonders whether it is rude to correct people when they make mistakes?12) worries that their English will cause them problems at work?13) had difficulty being understood when they spoke?14) is thinking about taking an English exam?15) finds it difficult to take part in conversations?

InstructionsYou are going to read a magazine article about crime prevention. For Questions 1-8, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D.

A recent survey of crime statistics shows that we are all more likely to be burgled now than 20 years ago and the police advise everyone to take a few simple precautions to protect their homes.The first fact is that burglars and other intruders prefer easy opportunities, like a house which is very obviously empty. This is much less of a challenge than an occupied house, and one which is well-protected. A burglar will wonder if it is worth the bother.There are some general tips on how to avoid your home becoming another crime statistic. Avoid leaving signs that your house is empty. When you have to go out, leave at least one light on as well as a radio or television, and do not leave any curtains wide open. The sight of your latest music centre or computer is enough to tempt any burglar.Never leave a spare key in a convenient hiding place. The first place a burglar will look is under the doormat or in a flower pot and even somewhere more 'imaginative' could soon be uncovered by the intruder. It is much safer to leave a key with a neighbour you can trust. But if your house is in a quiet, desolate area be aware that this will be a burglar's dream, so deter any potential criminal from approaching your house by fitting security lights to the outside of your house.But what could happen if, in spite of the aforementioned precautions, a burglar or intruder has decided to target your home? Windows are usually the first point of entry for many intruders. Downstairs windows provide easy access while upstairs windows can be reached with a ladder or by climbing up the drainpipe. Before going to bed you should double-check that all windows and shutters are locked. No matter how small your windows may be, it is surprising what a narrow gap a determined burglar can manage to get through. For extra security, fit window locks to the inside of the window.What about entry via doors? Your back door and patio doors, which are easily forced open, should have top quality security locks fitted.

10

FCE PRACTICE

Even though this is expensive it will be money well spent. Install a burglar alarm if you can afford it as another line of defence against intruders.A sobering fact is that not all intruders have to break and enter into a property. Why go to the trouble of breaking in if you can just knock and be invited in? Beware of bogus officials or workmen and, particularly if you are elderly, fit a chain and an eye hole so you can scrutinise callers at your leisure. When you do have callers never let anybody into your home unless you are absolutely sure they are genuine. Ask to see an identity card, for example.If you are in the frightening position of waking in the middle of the night and think you can hear an intruder, then on no account should you approach the intruder. Far better to telephone the police and wait for help.

Part 1: Multiple Choice1. A well-protected house……….

A. is less likely to be burgled. B. is regarded as a challenge by most criminals.C. is a lot of bother to maintain. D. is very unlikely to be burgled.

2. According to the writer, we should:A. avoid leaving our house empty. B. only go out when we have to.C. always keep the curtains closed. D. give the impression that our house is occupied when we go out.

3. The writer thinks that hiding a key under a doormat or flower pot:A. is a predictable place to hide it. B. is a useful place to hide it.C. is imaginative. D. is where you always find a spare key.

4. The 'aforementioned precautions' refer to steps that:A. will tell a burglar if your house is empty or not. B. are the most important precautions to take to make your home safe.C. will stop a potential burglar. D. will not stop an intruder if he has decided to try and enter your home.

5. Gaining entry to a house through a small window:A. is surprisingly difficult. B. is not as difficult as people think.C. is less likely to happen than gaining entry through a door. D. is tried only by very determined burglars.

6. According to the writer, window locks, security locks and burglar alarms:A. cost a lot of money but are worth it. B. are good value for money.C. are luxury items. D. are absolutely essential items.

7. The writer argues that fitting a chain and an eye hole:A. will prevent your home being burgled. B. avoids you having to invite people into your home.C. is only necessary for elderly people. D. gives you time to check if the visitor is genuine.

8. The best title for the text is:A. Increasing household crime. B. Protecting your home from intruders.C. What to do if a burglar breaks into your home. D. Burglary statistics.

InstructionsYou are going to read a magazine article about various local campaigns. For Questions 1-15, choose from the people (A-D).

A Homes For AllOrganisations that help the homeless are warning that people will face even greater hardship this winter unless urgent action is taken to offer shelter to those without a home. This warning follows publication of figures showing an increase in the number of homeless people. Susan Evans of the organisation 'Homes for All' said: "With a shortage of accommodation, more people than ever before - young and old - are having to sleep rough. A cold winter is predicted this year which means that these people will have to put up with sub-zero temperatures. Action must be taken urgently to offer these people shelter." A nationwide demonstration to raise awareness of the problem will take place this weekend. Supporters welcome.B Village ProtestResidents of local village, Shilden, are preparing for a night of protest to save their village from Government planners. Proposals for a new motorway to be built that will run within 2 kilometres of Shilden have caused uproar amongst residents. They claim that they were given insufficient time to respond to the proposal. Tony Fellows, spokesperson for the 'Village Protest' campaign explains: "The planned route cuts across some of the most picturesque countryside in the region. Shilden welcomes thousands of tourists each year. Many of the shopkeepers depend on this trade and would almost certainly face ruin if tourists were put off coming by the damage this road is likely to cause". The all-night protest will take place in the fields where the building work is likely to begin.C New Youth ClubYoungsters in the city-centre will lose out on a much-loved project if substantial funds are not found this year. The 'New Youth Club', which is open to young people from the ages of 10 to 17, is being threatened with closure by Health and Safety officials who claim the building is unsafe. The club, built 30 years ago, was badly damaged by heavy storms last year and city engineers estimate that one hundred thousand pounds in needed to repair structural damage. With only limited funds at their disposal, managers fear the club will have to close. Youngsters from the club have organised an Open Day on Tuesday in an effort to raise some of the money needed to enable the repairs to be undertaken. "This alone won't be enough, however" warned Adam Ross, Youth Leader.

11

FCE PRACTICE

D Save lea ValleyA rare species of butterfly and many native plants face extinction if the 'Lea Valley office complex' project goes ahead. This is the claim made by local environmentalists involved in the 'Save Lea Valley' campaign. They argue that the proposed development, to be built on the site of woodland dating back hundreds of years, will rob the country of several rare species of wildlife. 'Local people would be horrified if they knew of the consequences of this project,' claimed environmentalist Ian Wilson yesterday. "We need to instigate a local campaign to alert everyone to the dangers. We are starting by writing letters to everyone in the area asking for their support. The office complex developers must not be allowed to do this.".

Multiple Matching1. Local businesses could be badly affected. A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley2. People in the area are not aware of the problem.A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley3. There are plans to build a brand new building. A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley4. The campaign supporters do not have to meet together.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley5. The problem affects all age groups. A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley6. The problem was caused by bad weather. A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley7. If the plan goes ahead it will spoil the look of the area.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley8. The campaign cannot raise enough money on its own.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley9. The problem was announced shortly after a report was published.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley10. Young people are in danger.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley11. Local people are very angry.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley12. A meeting will inform people of the problem.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley13. People did not have the opportunity to argue against the plan.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley14. A demonstration is planned across the country.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley15. A fundraising event has been planned.

A Homes For All B Village Protest C New Youth Club D Save Lea Valley

Instructions:You are going to read a magazine article about Sarah Bryant, an acupuncturist. Seven sentences have been removed from the article on

the left. Choose the most suitable sentence from the list A-H on the right for each part (1-7) of the article. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

This month in lifestyles we feature Sarah a practising acupuncturist. I’ve done a lot of travelling in Europe and Asia throughout my adult life and it was whilst I was teaching in China that I became interested in acupuncture.

1 It was after returning from China and witnessing how successful it had been that I reached the decision to become an acupuncturist myself. I was lucky to discover that the town where I lived had a famous and well-reputed college of traditional acupuncture. Alternative medicine is particularly important for me because I firmly believe that it works on the level of body, mind and spirit.

2 Of course this medicine is very powerful and can consequently have powerful side effects. Alternative medicine like acupuncture on the other hand is aimed at treating the person as a whole. When a person’s ill, there’s something in their life which is putting their energy levels out of balance. What alternative therapies try to do is help to gradually push that energy back into balance. The result is that any disease present might naturally disappear as it cannot survive when energies are balanced. The treatments consist largely of balancing the energy between the different meridians of a person’s body.

3 Treatment aims to free blocks of energy in these meridians which may be causing ill health and which may have been there for many years. It would be an odd state of affairs if a practising alternative therapist had not had treatment themselves and this is certainly not the case for myself.

4 I’ve never suffered particularly from physical problems but treatment for my mental and spiritual wellbeing has been very successful.

12

FCE PRACTICE

I’ve treated a wide range of people for various conditions, for example people suffering from stress and anxiety and helped them to cope with stressful situations in their lives.

5 There’s another woman who suffers from arthritis of the hip and at the moment I’m treating an old lady who has several health problems, one of them being Parkinson’s Disease. All these people have found that acupuncture has made them feel more balanced in themselves and they have certainly benefited from the treatment. To date I currently own the Licentiate in Acupuncture. This course lasted three years and I had to go to the college about one weekend in three.

6 I had a large amount of homework to do and practical work, which I did two or three evenings a week. This entailed locating points on different people. As you can imagine, this isn’t straightforward as people are different sizes and have different shaped bodies. In the future I hope to set up an alternative health clinic which will involve myself as an acupuncturist but perhaps other people as well.

7 I’d like to set this up somewhere in a rural setting, where people could enjoy coming not only for the treatment but where they would be able to sit and enjoy the scenery, go for walks and basically feel free from the stresses of life. A These are twelve acupuncture channels along which energy travels in the human body

B Also on a physical level I’ve treated a woman for problems with eczema.

C I'd like to work with practitioners of homeopathy, reflexology, aromatherapy and perhaps counselling.

D There was a lot more to it than that though.

E It is common for people there to have acupuncture treatment, not only if they’re ill but also to prevent the onset of diseases.

F Contrary to popular belief, having the needles placed in your body is quite painless.

G I’ve had a lot of acupuncture treatment and found it particularly useful.

H This is very different from Western medicine which is supposed to work solely on the body.

Instructions:You are going to read a selection of letters from a motoring magazine. For questions 1-15, choose from the people (A-E). The people may be chosen more than once.

Your Letters

This month we feature your early driving experiences.

A/ I'd been taking lessons for a year before I passed my driving test at the age of eighteen, but my dad never gave me any help. Even after I'd passed he never let me use the car. So I used to take my dad's keys before leaving the apartment block where we lived and would run round to the car park at the back where my father left the car at night. He hardly ever used the car after getting in from work. I used to go and see my girlfriend or just drive around and then come back and leave the car in exactly the same place. One night though, I got back at around ten thirty only to find there were no parking spaces left. I suppose because I went in and told my dad the truth straight away he was quite good about it. Although he did stop my allowance for four weeks.TerryB / My most unfortunate driving experience happened ages ago, before I'd actually passed my driving test. My girlfriend's father used to let her borrow his car whenever we were going to the cinema or something. Anyway, I'd been thinking about learning to drive and I persuaded her to let me have a go. We took the car down to the beach on the sand where no one could see us and she let me take the wheel. We were having such fun that we didn't notice the tide was coming in until the car was actually swimming in the water. We had to leave the car where it was and catch the bus back to tell her dad. By the time the three of us returned, the car was almost covered in water. Needless to say, her father wasn't too pleased. The funny thing is her dad ended up selling me the car after I passed my test. Carl C / I was teaching my mum to drive and we were coming down a rather narrow road which had cars parked on both sides. Suddenly, from nowhere there was a young man on a bike coming towards us. Mum slammed the brakes on but she crashed into us, landed on the car and then rolled off. My mother and I both jumped out of the car to see if he was all right. Fortunately, he stood up and said he was OK, just a little shaken. My mum offered to give him some money for the repair of the bike, and then an old lady came along. When she saw what had happened, she began shouting at my mother, saying she must have been driving too fast and that it was a bad example to set her young daughter. Poor old mum didn't say a word and I had to explain that she was still learning to drive. Sarah

13

FCE PRACTICE

D / My advice about learning to drive would be to have proper lessons from a qualified instructor and never to let a friend or family member try to teach you. It's a guaranteed way to spoil a good relationship. Every Sunday, when the traffic was quieter, my father would pick me up and take me for a drive along the streets of our hometown and give me a lecture on how to drive, explaining everything he was doing and why. Eventually it was my turn to have a go. My dad was so nervous that he panicked before I'd even started up the engine. He used to shout at the slightest mistake, and when the lesson was finally over he'd come home and have a large glass of whisky to calm down.KarenE / I didn't start learning to drive until I was twenty one. I'd spent lots of money on lessons but I was a terrible driver, I must admit. The first time I took my driving test nobody expected me to pass. But after failing another four times the pressure was really on. I took my test for a sixth time and failed yet again, but I was too embarrassed to admit it to my family, so I just pretended that I'd passed after all. My family were delighted and my mother went out and bought me a car the next day. I didn't know what to do so I just got in and drove. I continued to drive - illegally - for three months. Fortunately I was never stopped by the police and the next time I took my driving test I passed. Mike

Part 3: Multiple MatchingWhich person('s)

1) had a parent who was accused of driving dangerously?2) bought a car?3) drove his girlfriend’s dad’s car?4) drove alone without a license?5) had to defend one of their parents?6) drove the family car without permission?7) was teaching someone to drive?8) paid for driving lessons?9) had no driving instruction from their father?10) was punished for their actions?11) was given driving lessons by a member of their family?12) was considering taking driving lessons?13) advises against being taught to drive by a friend or family member?14) was given a treat for passing their test?15) used to make their father nervous?

Instructions: You are going to read an extract from a writer's journal. For Questions 1-8, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D.Extract Six months ago I made a rash promise. The leader of the youth club in our village rang me in March saying, “We’re thinking of running a children’s playscheme for a day in October half-term. Would you be prepared to help?” My response was “Sure, why not?” In truth I was a little flattered to be asked, even though working as a care assistant with old people hardly qualified me for the role. Still, I duly put the date in my diary and of course I forgot all about it. I don’t know if you’ve noticed this but time has a habit of speeding along faster than a police car chasing a robber and, before I knew it, the day was dawning.I arrived at the youth centre that morning feeling full of trepidation. There was a gang of 12 helpers including me and each pair had been allocated a particular age group. Mine was the 10 to 11 year olds. Even with the planning meeting I had attended the week before, I worried about whether I was up to the task. Why hadn’t I read through the copious lesson plans we were given beforehand? And wasn’t the average 10-year-old more interested in the latest Play Station game than making things with paper and glue?All too quickly the children began arriving. The look of relief on parents’ faces as they handed their offspring over to us was quite comical. A handful of the children were already members of the club but the other forty five or so were from the local primary schools. Again I asked myself why I had elected to spend a day with all these ‘little monsters’ especially when I have two all of my own to contend with!I needn’t have worried of course as it turned out to be a marvellous day. We watched entertaining dvd clips, learned ‘action’ songs, made clay pyramids, decorated biscuits, played memory games and spent some time in quiet reflection. I say ‘we’ because I rediscovered my inner child and joined in all the activities. The particular highlight for me was the final rendition of “He’s got the whole world in his hands” in the closing part of the day. The children knew the words and actions off by heart and sang so loudly it was almost enough to bring the roof down. It’s difficult to explain those moments; only that the body tingles with the pleasure of having witnessed something so magical.Of course there were also moments of great poignancy. I found it difficult to stop thinking of one little girl, who mentioned oh-so-casually that her mum was in hospital and would be there for a long time. It’s easy for us adults to idealise childhood and forget that some children have their own burden of anxieties and concerns. When I got home utterly exhausted, still with modelling clay under my fingernails, I reflected on what a privilege it had been.There was one disappointment for the children and that was that the playscheme was only running for a day, and not the whole week. As I said farewell to my group, one of the children turned and said “Can we do it again in the next holiday, Miss?” My response was, “Sure, why not?”

Part 1: Multiple Choice

1 When the offer of the job was made the writerfelt she had made a mistake to agree. thought she had appropriate experience for the job.

14

FCE PRACTICE

believed she shouldn't have been asked. gave the impression she wasn't sure about accepting the job.2 When the day arrived the writer was surprised

that the day had come round so quickly. because she'd forgotten to write down the date.because she witnessed a car chase on the way. that she woke up at dawn.

3 When the writer arrived to start her job she put the children into pairs. felt confident she could deal with 10 and 11 year olds. realised she should have done more preparation saw the children had brought their own electronic games to play with.

4 According to the writer, the parents werehappy to stay with their children all day. worried about children from the other schools.nervous that their children might not behave themselves glad to leave their children.

5 The writer needn't have worried becausethe children were quiet during the day. the children weren't doing messy activities.she had fun herself. the time passed quickly.

6 The writer's best moment occurred in the middle of the day. took her by surprise.was hard to put into words. was when the day was over.

7 According to the writer, adults think that being a child is a privilege. sometimes forget that children have worries too.are usually exhausted by bringing up their children. don't have a stressful life.

8 What is the writer's attitude by the end of the day?She could imagine doing the job again next time. She was sad to say good bye to the chidlren.She was disappointed with the experience. She hopes the playscheme will be longer in future.

Instructions: You are going to read an article about online safety. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.BE WEB WISE:Protect your computer, by all means, but don't forget to protect yourself, advises web safety expert, Amanda Knox.We're always being urged to stay safe online. But in an era where the internet is part of our everyday lives - for work, fun, study, shopping, even managing finances - it's not always easy to spot the dangers. Web safety expert, Amanda Knox, explores some of the issues lurking in cyberspace.Her first piece of advice is to install software and a firewall to protect your computer from viruses, hackers and criminals who want to steal your data or financial information. "Think of these as your first line of defence," says Amanda. So much for protecting yourself against intruders, but what about other problems? Say you've accidentally deleted an important file or you've been at the mercy of a natural disaster. Katy Marsh runs an online photography business from home and when a fire destroyed part of her house it could easily have spelled ruin for her business too. "Luckily I keep a regular back-up of my data so it wasn't a catastrophe." Amanda advises that while back-ups are good to have we must ensure we protect our computers to start with.Whilst most of us are aware of the need to protect our computers, it seems we're more lax when it comes to looking out for ourselves, at least according to a recent web awareness survey. Web safety specialists say better personal awareness is needed and this is due in part to the rise of 'Social Networking' sites like 'Bebo', 'MySpace' and 'Facebook', which allow us to connect with people around the world with similar interests and professional backgrounds. Chris Simpson, a computer programmer, learnt the hard way. "I joined a free online networking group in the hope of making some professional contacts to help me find a new job. After a month, one of my online contacts invited me to take out a subscription to a club that promised access to a network of job recruiters. It turned out to be a waste of money. I ended up a laughing stock with my mates - they couldn't believe that someone in my job could get taken in so easily." No wonder then that Amanda warns, "It's easy to get complacent and let our guard down when we meet someone with the same interests online."This brings us to other potential pitfalls. Are the people you meet online who they really claim to be? Can you be sure the person you're chatting with is in fact a 22-year-old Maths undergraduate from London and not someone merely masquerading as a student to win your trust? Khaled, a postgrad from Manchester University, quickly realised that it was unwise of him to post his phone number and email address in the public forum of an online academic discussion group. He was soon bombarded with unwanted emails and nuisance phone calls. Yet, it's astonishing how many highly educated people do this without considering the consequences that anyone in the world could use the information to make (unwanted) contact. When networking and joining online communities it's better to be cautious about the amount of personal information you share. For example, it isn't always necessary to use your real name as a username when registering for a service. You could instead use a pseudonym, or a name that doesn't give away your real identity to other users. And is it really important to tell the world details about your school, college or any local clubs you're a member of? Sometimes it pays to be a little vague and simply say something like 'I'm studying at college in Madrid at the moment and I'm a member of a local tennis club'. If you do experience problems from another user be prepared to report them for misusing the service. You'll be doing other users a favour too. And if all else fails, check to see if it is easy to delete your account and leave the service if you choose to and that you have the option to delete all your details.

15

FCE PRACTICE

A general rule of thumb is not to post any information about yourself that you would not be happy for the world to know - not just now but in years to come. This includes photographs of yourself, particularly embarrassing shots of you at that party which you may later regret! It's not always easy to remove information after it's been posted so you - not to mention your future employer - may have an unpleasant surprise a few years down the line.

1 In the second paragraph the phrase 'first line of defence' suggests somethingis the only option. offers protection is an instruction shows weakness

2 The effect of the fire wasworse for Katy's business than her home to ruin Katy's business.not as serious for Katy's business as it could have been to make Katy start to back up her data.

3 According to the web awareness survey, our attitude to our personal safety is ratherrelaxed. concerned. positive. uncertain.

4 Chris first joined the networking groupbecause it promised him a job. in order to make friends and have fun.to assist him in a job search. because it didn't cost him anything.

5 Regarding Khaled's experience, the writer is surprised thatpeople telephone complete strangers. people don't think of the results of their actions onlineuniversity students take part in online discussions people sent emails to Khaled without asking permission

6 What tip does the writer give for joining an online community?Always use a false name. Make sure you are properly registered.Limit the information you give to others Tell other users where you're studying

7 The writer says that you should report troublesome usersbecause other people will benefit. so you can stop using the serviceonly if nothing else works. if you want to delete your own details.

8 In the final paragraph, the writer advises peoplenot to put photos online. not to have any personal information online.to apply for a job online. to consider what may cause problems in the future

InstructionsYou are going to read a magazine article about a type of fruit. Seven sentences have been removed from the article on the left. Choose the most suitable sentence from the list A-H on the right for each part (1-7) of the article. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.Tongue TricksterNever mind the tongue twister – here’s the tongue trickster Frank Parsons reports on the craze for a strange type of fruit.Imagine drinking a glass of pure, freshly-squeezed lemon juice with nothing added. It’s enough to turn your stomach.

1 I watch as one-by-one they down the drink, tentative at first, and then smiling broadly as they declare, “It tastes just like grandma’s lemonade.” Fifty or so people crowd around a table on the rooftop terrace of Larry’s small but swish apartment. I edge my way forward and arrive at the table that positively groans with the array of food piled high.

2 My host appears at my shoulder, and says, “Here, have this.” This turns out to be a small red berry about the size of a blueberry, but slightly elongated, the shape of a coffee bean. He looks at the expression on my face. “It’s known as the miracle fruit. Just put it in your mouth,” he instructs, “and chew it slightly to separate the pulp from its seed.

3 I obey his command and then discreetly spit the remains into my handkerchief while his glance is averted. “Done?” he asks, turning back to me. I nod. He grabs a glass of the lemon juice from a passing waiter and offers it to me. “Now drink.” I take a small sip, and close my eyes. The guests are right.

4

My host states knowingly I have experienced first-hand the phenomenon of the Synsepalum Dulcificum, or the Miracle Fruit. This small berry has the amazing effect of causing bitter or sour foods to taste as sweet as sugar candy.

5 When it comes into contact with acidic foods, like vinegar, it starts to behave like a sweetener. A native fruit of West Africa, the fruit was discovered by western explorers around 1725.

16

FCE PRACTICE

6 Left uncultivated, the miracle fruit grows in bushes reaching six metres in height. It produces crops twice yearly, usually after the rainy season, and has attractive white flowers. Despite being around for centuries it is only in recent years that the miracle fruit has been cultivated as a potential sweetener.

7 Not only that – the fruit can aid patients receiving medical treatment that may leave an unpleasant taste in the mouth. A. These range from wedges of fruit, strong cheeses and pickles to plates of Brussel sprouts.

B. It’s like I’ve been transported back to childhood, sitting on the porch with Grandma and her delicious homemade pop.

C. According to scientists the result happens because of a protein called miraculin.

D. There has been some albeit limited interest from the diet food industy.

E. Then push it around your mouth like you’d do with a piece of gum for about sixty seconds.

F. Yet that is what the guests of host, Larry Walters, are given on their arrival at one of his tasting parties in an upmarket

district of New York.

G. Not everyone is a fan of the berry’s strange effect, however.

H. They first noticed its distinctive property when they saw local people chewing the berry before a meal.

InstructionsYou are going to read a magazine article about John Prince, a dancer, dance teacher and choreographer. Seven sentences have been removed from the article on the left. Choose the most suitable sentence from the list A-H on the right for each part (1-7) of the article. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.Career success in the artsJohn Prince, famous dancer and choreographer, gives advice on how to succeed in a career in the arts.I asked John how he got started and what requirements there are. "Well, to be a professional dancer it's useful to have had acting lessons or some background in drama. If you want to succeed in musical theatre you have to have a good singing voice as well. When you approach an agent you should take a portfolio with your CV, your statistics sheet and some good photos and reviews of past performances. You'll need dance clothes, ballet shoes, tap shoes, and even roller skates depending on what kind of show you are going to go for."

1 "Of course, you need to be extremely fit if you want to be a professional dancer. I dance or move about for about six hours a day. There are great health benefits to being a dancer. I can eat a lot of pasta without gaining weight because dancing increases your metabolism so much."

2 John has a very busy schedule in the next few months. He took time out to speak to me today from the making of a pop video to promote N-ergy's latest record. "I choreographed the dance routine for the boys and they only had 2 days in which to learn it! I am going to be working on a video for another well known band - but that's top secret. Next month I'll be touring Spain in a production of a musical that was written by a friend of mine, Michaela Evans.

3 As for the future, I've come to realise that I would never be content to be just a chorus dancer - I'm too much of an individual for that. Like all artists I'd love to become a household name by writing and choreographing my own musicals." John was born in Jamaica to a Jamaican father and a Scottish mother but the family emigrated to England 20 years ago. "I have a little sister I adore, who is also training to be a dancer." How does it feel to have someone else following in your footsteps?

4 Has he much more to learn, I wondered. "I've spent an incredible amount of my life training to get where I am. I went to college for two years in England, I trained for six months in Paris and about eight months in America. But you never really stop training or learning your art."

5 So, would you say it's been plain sailing? "I feel I've been lucky to a degree; many people hit problems breaking into the arts. It can be a vicious circle really. You can't become a member of Equity, which is the actors' and dancers' union, without good contracts. and you can't get good contracts without being a member of Equity. My advice to people who want to get into the arts would be to go out into the world, and try everything else first.

6 What has a dance career done for you as a person? "Thanks to dancing, I've visited and performed in 23 countries so far. This has opened my eyes to the world, and I've been able to understand issues like racism and inequality from a wider perspective.

17

FCE PRACTICE

7 "So all in all I'm really happy to be a dancer!"

A It's fine, but I try not to give out too much advice as it gets irritating!B And if nothing you like comes out of it, then come back and be an actor or dancer.C Without a strict daily timetable like this you find yourself wasting too much time.D After that it's back to England to start a new term of dance classes.E Hopefully this has enabled me to become a better and more tolerant person as a result.F When it comes to coping with stress, I find that exercise helps me to cope with my problems, so I stay in good shape mentally as well. G Like any profession where you're always travelling, you tend to acquire something new almost every day.H Being fully equipped with all this stuff beforehand makes it easier when you go for auditions.

You must answer this question. Write your answer in 120-150 words in an appropriate style.1. You have just returned from a trip to Canada. You flew there and back with Maple Air. You decided to write to the airline to complain about your flight and ask for some money back.Read the advertisement and the notes you made and then, using the information, write a letter to the airline. You may add other relevant points of your own.FLY MAPLE AIR TO CANADAWe offer:• 3 flights a day• Wide, comfortable seats• Friendly, well trained staff• A good choice of food-special diets no problem• The latest in-flight entertainmentPhone 0179765893 now or see your travel agent for more details.

Your notes:• Late boarding• Staff quite rude• No vegetarian food for me• Old filmWrite your letter of complaint. Do not write any postal addresses

Dear Sir/ Madam

I am writing to complain about my flight to Canada last week, which caused me a plenty of desperate trouble.

Firstly, it should be noted that I am hardly ever easily irritated regarding moderately delayed flights. However, the five hour delay of my aircraft was a disaster, which prevented me from attending a very important meeting in Ottawa.

Secondly, although your staff were supposed to be professional and helpful, the misbehaved attitude of an in-flight attendant was unacceptable. Particularly, she spilt coffee on my white blouse without giving an apology and even blamed me for it.

In addition to that, there should have been a variety of food options. In fact, I had to withstand a terrible hunger due to no choice of a vegetarian diet for me as advertised.

Lastly, in terms of recreational facilities, it was the poor range of magazines and obsolete films that made the trip seem to be longer and utterly boring.

In conclusion, it would be unfair if I could not receive proper compensation for the serious inconvenience which I had to endure during the flight mentioned above.

18

FCE PRACTICE

I look forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully,

Thanks for inviting me to stay with you when I visit your country next month.I'm not sure how to get to your apartment from the airport. Could you write back giving me some basic instructions? What would be the best method of transport for me? I'd prefer one that isn't too expensive!Just one other thing - what will the weather be like when I get there? (Just so I'll know what clothes to pack!) Hie {1} Jenny,I got your letter this morning and I am looking forward to have {2} you here soon.About your questions how to get from the airport to our apartment, well it won't be difficult. {3} When you arrive in Stockholm, take the bus to "KISTA" to the end station. I will call to the airport to get your estimated arrive {4} time and will vait there at the end station for you, ok? {5}About weather {6} well it is quite nice weather here to be {7} September but you should never trust the swedish weather{***} it can turn wery quickly so take{8} with you warm clothes.And finally the money problem {9}.Try to not think about it{***} you will not spend money here when you are visiting me. You will be my quest {10} remember that!As i said before i am looking forward to see{***} you.Dear Claudia,I'm looking forward to your arrival. I've been missing you a lot since the last time we saw in France. I've been thinking a lot about our time that we are going to share. I know this is going to be your first time in Argentina, so I'll give some usefull information there are a few ways to get from the airport to my flat. One of them is by bus and it is the cheapest but I wouldn't recommend it because it will take you a long time and also is very uncomfortable. If I were you, I would take a remis, here is a number that you can call from the airport 4786 3291. Be careful! don't take an airport remis beacuse they always want to take advantage of people. Now we are in spring so why don't you bring soft clothes However you must bring a raincoat beacause it has been raingin a lot. If you want to ask me more information or need some advice you can send me a mail or give me a ring. See you in a few weeks. With love, KariDear Maria, You shouldn't have thanked me for inviting you to stay with me, it was so obvious I was going to do that. There are lots of ways to get to my appartment form the airport: The cheaper one is the bus, but the only problem you will have is that it takes too much time to get here (more or less two hours). If you want to arrive faster you should take a taxi, but it is really expensive and it is not the safest way! I think that the best way is to take a private bus. It is a special bus which not too expensive and takes you to the city fast. If you take that I'll go and bring you home (the bus station is in the center) I have some advices for the weather:now it's rainy but last day it was sunny, it might sound strange but it's true. I recommend you waterprof clothes and spring ones, like jackets, shorts, t-shirts, two or maybe three sweters. I think you will fine with it. Hope to see you soon lots of love Pilar

Letter of Application

19

FCE PRACTICE

CLUB ORGANISER NEEDED!(Monday and Wednesday evenings only)Our language school is looking for a person to help organise a Film Club for students of English. Our Film

Club will meet twice a week to watch a film in English followed by a discussion of the film.

Do you have some knowledge of English? Do you like working with groups of people? Are you interested in films?

If you think you would be a suitable person to organise our Film Club then we would like to hear from you. Please send a letter to the school owner saying why you are suitable for the job.Dear SirI`m writing to apply for the job of club organiser, which was advertised on the notice board in the school.I used to run a club {1} in my old school in England which made me think I have the ability to organise the club{2}. Also I have been studying English for a few years, {3} I got a merit in the PET and I`m going to take the FCE exam next year and IGCSE in 2002.I`m also a fan of English and American films and go to the cinema quite often.I`m also {4} an outgoing person and have the ability to control a discussion which will prove helpful in the club.{***} {5}If you think I`m the suitable person{6} to organise your film club then I would like{7} to hear from you.Yours Faithfully

Dear Sir, I saw your advertisement for a film club organizer and I'm very interested in applying for the position.I'm a twenty year old Italian male who has been living in England for six months.I have a diploma for an Italian grammar school where apart of the usual subjects I studied English, French, and Cinema Studies. My passion is the cinema and in my last three years at school I organized a film club and discussion group. Here in England I'm attending a media study course at the university and working part-time in a ticket office of the cinema so I've seen about 40 films since I've been here.I'm friendly and outgoing and I speak fluent but not perfect English. I'm willing to attend an interview whenever is convenient for you.Yours faithfully

ACTIVITY CO-ORDINATOR WANTED!(Weekends only)

Would you like to work with young children aged 5-11? Do you have lots of energy? Are you an excellent swimmer?

If the answer to these questions is 'yes' then we want to hear from you. Our Children's Club is looking for someone to be in charge of a group of 10 children to teach them swimming and to do a range of other activities. Please send a letter to Mrs Sykes saying why you are suitable for the job.

Dear Mrs Sykes,I am interest {1} in your advertisement showed {2} in the local youth centre and I would like to apply for the post of Activities Co-ordinator.I am 18 years of age and I am used to working with children because I babysit my neighbor's sons regulary. I train in the gym twice a week and I often go hiking to the countryside with my friends. In addition to this, I have a lifesaving certificate and have enjoyed swimming since I was a child.My reason for applying for this position is that I am keen on combining my experience in swimming with my wide knowledge of the countryside which I think itwill be interesting for the children.I would be avairable to attend an interview on any day at your earliest convenience.Yours sincerely.

Dear Mrs Sykes

I have just read your advertisement published in "The World" on Saturday 23 May. I would like to apply

20

FCE PRACTICE

First of all, swimming is one of my favorite activities. I used to swim in a club in Cambridge and I won a few competitions. Then, as I was too old to continue the championship, I became the coach of the team. Secondly, I am the father of two children who are eight and eleven years old. So, I am used to being with childen and I enjoy being with them.

I left my last job a few weeks ago because it wasn't suitable with what I wanted to do. I would like to change my professional life to teach for pleasure and not for competition. This could be a good opportunity for me. I would really want to work ; consequently I think that I have enough energy and motivation to do this job well.

I feel that I have the right experience and qualifications to do this job.

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

yours faithfully

CLUB ORGANISER NEEDED!(Monday and Wednesday evenings only)

Our language school is looking for a person to help organise a Film Club for students of English. Our Film Club will meet twice a week to watch a film in English followed by a discussion of the film.

Do you have some knowledge of English? Do you like working with groups of people? Are you interested in films?

If you think you would be a suitable person to organise our Film Club then we would like to hear from you. Please send a letter to the school owner saying why you are suitable for the job.Dear Sir or MadamI am writing to you concerning the job advertisement, which I saw on the noticeboard of {***} {1} local language school.{***}There was told, {2} that you need a person to help to organise a Film Club for students of English.I think that I am a suitable person for this job. First of all, I have been studying English for five years and have lived in London for six months. {3} I speak English quite well. Secondly, I like working with people very much, [$StartBadAnn$]W[$EndBadAnn$] I like speaking and discussing with them any things{4}. And at last {5} I love watching movies very much too. I often go to the cinemas with friends and then we usually discuss the movie, so I had {6} a little practise {7}.That is all what I wanted to say. If you want{8} to know more about me do not hesitate to write to me. {***}Yours Faithfully

Informal letterI'm really pleased you're planning to come to England to study. Let me know what type of course you're interested in and I'll ring some colleges for details. The more information you can give me the better!

Dear July,Hi! Thanks for your letter, and sorry for not replying sooner. You see, I've been planning this for a long time and I came {1} to a conclusion: I want to take up singing classes in London! What's cool is that I don't want to join a common class, but a group of people that expresses itself through the music and lets its spirit free while singing. I'm really excited about this, and I'd love to have your opinion about it. It'd be fantastic if you could search for the appropriate singing classes in the city for me. {2} Just check the prices well and give me the schedule of each place.{3}I guess the best place to stay is in a house with a host family, but if you've got a better idea, let me know. I think I'll stay for two months, the problem is that I'm not sure if I can afford all the spends {4}! That's one of the things of {5} London that get on my nerves: everything is SO expensive!Ok, I've got to go now, so... see you soon!With love,...We're doing a project this month at school on eating habits and customs around the world. Will you be able to help me by telling me what the traditional meals are in your country, what people typically eat and at what time of day?Thanks very much!Love Alison

21

FCE PRACTICE

Dear AlisonI was very happy to hear from you. I will be glad to help you with your project, and I hope that I can give you some details you could use. {1}Mostly the Polish people have breakfast before 7 am - some slices of bread and butter, cheese, tomato, or cucumber and ham. They drink cofee with milk or tea.We usually {2} don't eat until we return home after work - i.e. about 4 pm. Then we eat{***} {3}main meal of the day which usually consists of: {4} soup for the first course and {***} {5}piece of meat, potatoes and salad for the second.{***} {6}Sometimes we have some sweets for dessert.Between 7 and 8 pm most Polish families have their supper{***} {7} which resebles {8} breakfast but it is more heavy{9} (which isn't very healthy).Good luck with your project! {10}Love

I'm really pleased you're planning to come to England to study. Let me know what type of course you're interested in and I'll ring some colleges for details. The more information you can give me the better!

Dear Mark,as I told you in my last letter I had begun an English course three months ago and by now I have had a good result but I think it would be better for me coming to England to have an advanced course of about three weeks for definitely improve {1} my English pronunciation and vocabulary.I'd really prefer a morning course. {2} This is because in the afternoons i want to have enough free time to spend with you.{3}Secondly, I also need an {4} accomodation durind my stay in York preferably in a host family that will help me to speak English in the everyday life. {5}But it would be great if I can stay with you and your falt mates {6} as you wrote me in your last letter.Thirdly, I need two ask you two more questions.First, have you got any idea of how much I have to pay {7} for the course?Second, do you think it is possible to get a part time job for about three or four days a week?I thank you in advance for all your help and let me know first{8} about the fee and theaccomodation.I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.Best wishes,

>It's a really brave step to take a year out of >college to come and spend 6 months in the >UK! What are you planning to do with your >time? Find a job? Learn some new skills? >Write back and give me more details of your >plans so I can do my best to help

you have a >good time...Dear Mary,I was very happy to hear from you. I thank you very much for helping me with all these arrangements. {1}First of all, my intention is to study, to improve my English. You know that I really want to become a English teacher. {***} {2}As a part of my practise {3} I think it will be fantastic to stay in a host family to share the eating habits and customs.Although I am prepared to pay all the expenses with{4} the course and host family, it will be valuable if I can work as a baby-sitter, to earn extra money to use in {5}additional expenses and travelling in my free time. {***} {6}I would love to visittouristic {7} places in {8}UK.I would appreciate {***} {9} if you could send me some information about the courses available starting in January or websites that{10} I can search for this information.I look forward to seeing you soon. Thank you in advance for your help.Best wishes,Dear Susan,I'm writing in reply to the e-mail you sent to me. Thank you for offering your help.My plans for my six-month trip consist in the following. First, I think is a good idea to travel one month around England. The following month I thought of working at a restaurant in the place I liked best. The next three months I was planning to have a paid work. And the last month, I'm not sure yet where I would like to work. It depends on the choices I get.I was wondering if you wouldn't mind to send me some brochures form some cheap hotels where I could stay and of the best places to visit in England. I know it's a lot to ask, but could you look in the local paper for companies which are looking for part-time staff please?I really appreciate your help and I'm looking forward to your reply.Best wishes,

22

FCE PRACTICE

Hi Friend,I've received your letter, I feel extremely excited that I will be able to spend 6 month experiencing myself in The United King with you. I've recently planned of what I am going to do when I get there, and I was wondering if you wouldn't mind helping me something.When I get there, I want to do a volunteer work for about two months before doing part-time work, and then I will spend a whole month traveling at the end of my stay. In the mean time, I would like to if you know if you could send me a list of charities that are looking for volunteers, especially working with children. I know it's a lot to ask you, but could you look in the local newspaper to see which company wants part-time staff as well? And could you advise me how to write a CV in English? If I could trouble you for one more favor I would like you to send me tourist information brochures or a list of useful websites on the best tourists' attractions. I know that's a lot for you to do, however, I know you will help me with the above problems.I'm looking forward to hearing from you, thanks in advance my good friend.Yours sincerely

Formal letter

LEARN ENGLISH AT YOUR OWN PACE!If you would like to study English on a course that has been specially designed to meet your needs and interests, then contact the Principal of the Effective Learning School giving details of your:

Motivation for studying English; length of time studying English; strengths and weaknesses in the language Preferred start date and length of course Hobbies and interests

We will contact you once we have received your details in order to arrange a programme of study for you.Dear Sir,I am writing with regard to your advertisement in the Sunday's{1} edition of Glamour, in which you offer an English course that meets my own expectations. I am interested in a twelve-month intensive English course, four or five hours per week if possible.I am 18 and have been studying English for ten years, which implies my level is high. However, I am sure I need to improve lots of things. Despite the fact {***} {2} I am quite good at grammar and use of English, I must admit I have difficulties in phrasal verbs and listening exercises. Apart from this, I would also like to improve my level of comprehension and vocabulary, through dynamic exercises which help me remember new words. {3}I am very interested in languages, and my favourite hobbies are reading, writing, and studying English as well as Italian. I consider all these activities are worthwhile since they make you develop your intellectual skills. Besides, I enjoy doing different activities every day in order to take advantage of the experience I may gain and the things I can learn.As I am not quite busy next week{4}, I would prefer to start on Monday, and would appreciate a reply at your earliest convenience.Yours faithfully,

ReportWe hope you have enjoyed studying with us. In order to plan future courses we would be grateful if you could write a short report giving us your views of the course. If you have any suggestions we would also like to hear them.Thank you in advance.INTRODUCTIONThis report is intended to evaluate the success of the six months {1} English Course, which I have assisted {2} recently at the Academy Center in English.LOW AREAS {3}First of all, as there were twenty of us in the class, we were a bit crowded, and also the computer room was not big enough for all of us. Another thing to mention as a drawback is the cost of the course being too high.PLUSESAs I had expected, {***} {4}teachers were well-qualified and friendly, {***} {5} what´s more, there were a pleasant atmosphere among the other students. As a consequence, my English improved a lot.CONCLUSIONTo sum up, my only suggestion would be reducing the amount {6} of students per class. Otherwise, the course was great and interesting and I have enjoyed studying. I would recommend it to my friends and I am sure I will be back in the future. {7}

Last year a new sport and leisure centre opened in your home town. You have recently received the following letter from the manager of the centre.

I am writing to all members of the Active Leisure Club to thank you for your custom over the last year. We want to make the facilities even better this year! Please send a short report to us, telling us what you think are the best and worst aspects of the club. We also want to hear your suggestions for new facilities...The aim of this report is to know about {1} the Club's facilities and, if it is possible, try to improve these facilities {***} {2}giving some useful suggestions.{3}

23

FCE PRACTICE

The Active Leisure Club can offer different kinds of things to do; there are a swimming pool, a gym, some tennis fields, three restaurants and a disco-pub.{4}I think the swimming-pool and the gym need to be changed in sometings {5}, because they are quite old. {***} {6}The swimming pool is often pretty dirty and crowded.However, I enjoy having lunch or dinner in the three restaurants because they offer plenty of food and the price is not so expensive.To sum up, I suggest keeping the swimming pool cleaner and buying new machines for the gym.

Introduction:The aim of this report is to summarize the best and worst aspects of the club. The report is based on the view of my family members who have used the club's facilities.Best Aspects:The varirious facilities are convenient and inexpensive to use. To clarify, the changing rooms of the swimming pool are very clean. The consummation of the café is inexpensive. The gym's equipment is good and completely modern. The services of the staffs are fairly good.Worst Aspects:The facilities are not opened on Saturday and Sunday evenings, which we think that it is really inconvenient. The badminton courts are not available. The only café is not enough using for the customers as there is no other restaurants. {8}Recommendations:To conclude, the facilities are well-organized but there are some suggestions of {9}us: Extend the opening hours on weekends evenings. Install badminton courts as more and more people take up the sport. Install some restaurants for the addition of {10} customers and some drinks machines may be necessary as well by the time of closures of the café or restaurants. {11}

A magazine is carrying out research into facilities for young people.We are putting together a list of facilities for young people in your area in a number of different categories, including:

Sports centres/ Museums and art galleries/ Clubs and societies for young peoplePlease send us a short report about one of the above, in which you give

1) a brief description of the facility2) your views

3) any recommendationsThe Science Museum - TechnoramaTechnorama is a technical Centre in Winterthur. The motto of this Centre is: "Nothing will happen, unless you make it happen." In this museum you can touch almost everything you want. And you can explore technical phenomena with your five senses. {1}Lots of technical experiments can be done by visitors themselves. So it is also very interesting for children and teenagers. The museum has today 500 experiments about natural science.When I was there the first time I caught {2} a lot of important points about Physics. It is wonderful how you can learn by playing with experiments.Sometimes there are also demonstrations which are very impressive.You can visit this museum with your family, with friends or even with your school class and your teacher. You can spend your whole {3} afternoon for an excursion in the Technorama. I said whole afternoon because you need really time to visit the museum.{4} When you get hungry, there is also a restaurant where you can eat and drink something.I recommend this Science Museum for those who are interested in Physics, Chemistry and mathematics.

Your school where you are studying English is holding a short story competition:Write a short story with the title 'The holiday of a lifetime'.The best story will be published in the school magazine

The holiday of a lifetimeI'm a real fan of northern Countries, like Norway, Sweden and Denmark. I'm a lucky person, because I share this special liking with two of my best frends.{***} Every summer we are going {1} to one of this {2} countries.Last summer {***} {3} we were in Sweden, we rent {4} a little wooden house near a lake, hiered {5} a car and travelled over the whole south part of {6} Sweden. We visited Stockholm, Goetheburg, a little villige {7} called Vaxio, which the Swedish people call the town of the red-white sweets, and a lot {8} more nice cities and places. I like Sweden, because of the strong coulars {9} and the wild countryside.One day, we were driving through a forest, when suddenly the car in front of us braked sharply.{***} In the middle of the road stood a {10} Elk, and it didn't want to move. I've never seen an {11} more impressiv {12} animal than this, it was so near, you could nearly touch it. Normaly {13} they are really shy and finealy {14}, when the driver of the oder {15} car opened the door, it run {16} away.It was a holiday I will never forget!

Having been in Canada,I tried to take advantage of being here and then decided to go to the United States -San Francisco,to be precise.It was my first time that I traveled alone,so I was excited and a little nervous.I was supposed to transfer the flight in Pittsburg but

24

FCE PRACTICE

unfortunately the weather at the time was terribly bad ,consequently we hadn't been able to land around for 3 hours.All passengers started to be afraid of delaying including me.To make it worse, some identified smoke was suddenly coming out-it turned out that it had been for circulating the air later,though. We became totally terrified.I had never felt scary like that before.However, fortunately we managed to arrive at the airport in Buffalo even if that place was not Pittsberg. Wherever we landed,it didn't matter to us.The important thing was that we were fine.Afterward, we talked about this unforgettable experience waiting for next flight which was holding in Halifax.Every time I think of it,I still feel scary.Holidays are the best things people can do in their spare time. There are a lot of activities that you can do, it depends of your interests. I am going to tell you about one of my best holidays in my life.This holidays were on this summer I went to a town called San Miguel de Allende that is located in Mexico. San Miguel is a really beautiful and ancient town. It has a lot of ancient churches and is a nice town for walking. Well this summer I went with my friends I have a house over there and we really spend a good time, in the morning we used to go to walk all around the town knowing new places and its history, and we used to eat in different restaurants to try different kind of food. Actually is a place for relaxing and just spend a good time. You should go over there!

when I was 22 years old I had a friend called 'president' who was waiting to do his military service. Before he began doing it,he decided to go on holiday to Ge-Ju island.When we got there,his girlfried who had wanted to join our trip came out to pick us up. First,we rented some bikes and then we went to the bike-ride.We enjoyed it so much. But it didn't last for a long time. One day, we were on the way to Jung-Mun beach where there are a lot of sights to see and there was one of the biggist places we visited. But when I looked behind,he was not his position. So we had no choice to look for him and spended two hours for it. As we found him,he looked so exhausted because he had walked for two and half an hour with his bike. He had had some problems with his one,especially paddle. So we all walked until when we found a bike shop.At a moment, it is really funny. Whenever we meet, we are used to remind that happening. But I really don't want to experience it again.

You have seen details of a story-writing competition in a magazine and have decided to enter:COMPETITION!Write a short story with the title: 'The letter that changed my life'

Any stories that we publish will receive a prize.Midday of the hottest summer day ever. A coke and a boring western on TV. Someone rang the door's bell {1} and I had to get {***} {2} and look outside to see ifthere was anyone {3}. It was the postman, of course, he always arrives at midday. Ioppened the door slowly, without any feeling of being fast{4}. I was given a letter from a friend, a friend that I hadn't seen for ages. My face turned white and my heart stopped its movements for about four seconds. I couldn't believe he had written{5}me.When the papers of the letter came out I saw that there was a huge amount{6} of sentences, the letter was long.He was telling me, with his heart in the hands{7} , that he loved me with all of his heart. We had been going out{8} together for about two years... However, I hadn't had anynotice {9} from him since our last meeting, in 1998, two years ago.I read it twice, three times. I couldn't believe it, it was unreal. I took the phone and without any idea I called him."Hello, this is Paula""Hello Paula, I suppose you've received my letter, we must meet now"And we met, and he asked me to marry{10}. Of course, I wasn't sure at the begining, but he soon made me feel as {11} the best woman ever.We are now a happy family, with two young chlidren. I can say, that letter chanchedmy life, and I still have it in my secrets box

Your English teacher has asked you to write a short story for the school magazine beginning with the words:"I had never felt so nervous before in my life...!"I had never felt so nervous before as in {1} the day I was chosen by my teacher to explain something. The simple idea of talking in front of all my friends scared me. And I still had to write something in order to {***} {2}my collegues take notes.Actually Maths wasn't a pain in the neck for me. I always preffered it to biology. Inaddiction {3}, being a good {***} {4} in it never demanded more than one hour per day. But this would only be true in my bedroom or in any place where it would have only few people.Being picked on to answer a question in {5} the blackboard was always one of my biggest fears. Have {6} to face it was the other one.At that very moment I had to forget that I was a shy girl and that all my classmates were there watching me.So I breathed deeply. Let all my expectancies {7} behind and got up. Right or wrong what I would write in that moment wouldn't make me better or worse. The pride that Ialways have feeded {8} with my shyness could cause me more trouble than any mistake done {9}.In the end my answer was right, although while writing I was told that there was something that I couldn't had{10} done. I wasn't ashamed. I didn't regret my mistake. This opportunity, finally, made me discover something that I'd only realise without someone's help. By this dreadful situation I found out the real meaning of being in a classroom : share experiences.

You have been asked by the editor of your school magazine to write an article on the following topic:Today's television"A load of old rubbish" or "More choice than ever before"?

Is today's television still good value for money?Worth seeing or just rubbish?In 1981 the first IBM PC was found and in the following years technology has been developing with such a speed that today we only need to press one button to send information all over the world. {1 } There is a big {2} number of TV channels providing us with information of all sorts, like documentaries, news, scien-tific {3} programmes etc.

25

FCE PRACTICE

But not everything shown on TV has an educational or informing value{4}. In fact, the chance of finding something really interesting when you switch on the box is slim. {5} The most {6} programmes are boring because they are repeats of soap operas you did not want to see the first time they were shown or films you have already seen a dozen times or just stupid competition programmes.I think there are so many other things to do to enjoy oneself that it is really not necessary to waste much time watching TV.You have seen the following advertisement in a magazine:Film Weekly Top 100 films - the viewers choice What is your favourite film of all time? Why should it be in the top 100?Write a short article about these questions and you could be published in our next issue.A nightmare!Do you want to be frightened at one night? The movie "Blair Witch Projekt 2" hasbegun{1} in the cinema this week and especially the viewers, who saw part 1, know that it is a movie, which you will start shaking. {2}It is the continuation to part 1, which ends {3} with a mystery. You did not know, {4}what happened with the group of teenagers. This time there is also a group of students, who want to try to solve the enigma about the "Blair Witch Projekt" again. The story takes place in the forest and in my view is this the main reason, why you will be scared. The whole movie you can see the dark, lonely, large and mysterious forest and apart from that the character of the students change again and again and so you do not know, who is the victim and who is the villain.In my opinion it is a movie, which you will never forget, because it is not like others{5}.The movie is based on a "low budget film" {6} and so it is a special kind of entertainment.That is the reason why I am sure that it is a movie, which can reach the Top 100 of the best movies{7}."Blair Witch Projekt 2" is allowed for {8} people over the age of 15 and if you want to spend a fearful night then go to the cinema! My personal advice: Do not go on your own!

.You have seen the following announcement in an international magazine for 16-25 year olds:

'Young people are spending more time each day on their computers than watching television. Is this a change for the better?'We are interested in your views on this topic. You can contribute to the debate by sending us a short article with your opinion.Before addressing the question of what is better for young people, I would like to remind {***} {1}that both activities (spending time on a computer and watching television) are harmful for children's/teen's{2} health. {***}At the other side {3} it's impossible to imagine our life without computers and television.With the help of computers young people can meet new friends, find out a lot of information, {***} {4} take part in forums and discussions. Surfing the Internet needs imagination, logical thinking and knowledge. Young people are able to choose what they want to watch/read/listen to, and the choice is practically unlimited.Television can't give such an opportunity.Precisely here is found the crux of the problem{5}. There are plenty of free sites with content far from morality{6}; many computer games impose cruelty. And the idea that, spending time in Internet's chats young people develop their social skills, is problematic{7}. I wish it would be so!{8} But getting used to the Internet's rules of comunication, they might find it difficult to face up to reality, {***} {9}make friends in the real world.For my part, I spend a lot of time on my computer (learning English and working). But when I want to relax I'd rather watch TV with my friends than loiter away {10} time sitting alone in front of the computer!

Computers play an important role in people's everyday life. It enables them to find appropriate information in detail in a few minutes, complete their work effectively and accurately and even make new friends using Internet.On the other hand, TV that is also a source of the information, doesn't give people the best opportunity to gain high knowledge about specific issues to satisfy their interests and demands.However, both computers and TV have many disadvantages for a variety of reasons. The main problem, the humanity faces nowadays, is a radiation. This drawback might also outweigh the plus points of computer and TV. From my point of view, despite the disadvantage mentioned above, it is understandable and acceptable that people all over the world in such a competitive society prefer spending more time each day on their computers than watching TV. I think it's more effective method to cope with the problems related to the work and overcome many other difficulties.

You have seen the following advertisement in a magazine: Film Weekly Top 100 films - the viewers choice What is your favourite film of all time? Why should it be in the top 100?Write a short article about these questions and you could be published in our next issue.The Best FilmWhich {***} {1}100 films from millions which were created in latest {2} years all around the world should be nominated to {3} TOP FILMS?A lot of films of average quality or with a poky {4} plot were made during several last years {5}. However, many briliant films were created too, but main part {6} of them will stay unknown for most of us for their regional character.The best film (from that part of films {7} which have had publicity in many different countries) from my point of view have to contain: the {8} clever and simple plot, intelligent jokes and something that could impress spectators.{***}Forrest Gump include all these ingredients. The main hero of {***} {9} very naturalistic story loves life with all its unpredictable situations and his way of solving problems is charming. If I had a chance to recommend only one film to all people I would recommend them to see Forrest Gump with his "stupid" ideas and his unusual behaviour which can open {***} {10}eyes of most people.

26

FCE PRACTICE

You have been asked by the editor of your school magazine to write an article on the following topic:Today's television

"A load of old rubbish" or"More choice than ever before"?Is today's television still good value for money?

TV: Is it a good thing?Television is one of the most important inventions of the century.Almost everyone owns a TV set at home today. Be it educational or entertainment life would be so boring without one nowadays.First of all, thanks to television we have the latest information at our fingertips. We are constantly informed of what is happening around the world without leaving home. Furthermore, television has made learning at home possible. In fact, some tvstations dedicate their programmes to specific interests.A further advantage is that old people living alone find television a {1} very good company. It helps them forget their loneliness.On the other hand, too much television can create problems in the family. If it {***} {2} not the constant argument of which channel to watch, it is the isolation of family members. One{3} watching television doesn't feel like talking or being disturbed as they are so absorbed in what they are watching. Hence, the term 'couch potato'. Too much television implies {***} lack of outdoor activities and we find that there areless{4} and less people taking exercises.Television, nevertheless, remains one of the most interesting inventions. Carefully controlled viewing makes it an indispensable instrument in our daily lives{***} {5}otherwise, it can turn into an addiction with harmful consequences.

You have seen the following competition in an magazine for young people."In your experience what are the benefits and drawbacks of learning another language? Is is something you would recommend to ALL young people?"If we publish your article you will win a prize of fifty pounds!Learning foreign languages is necessary nowadays because the world works like an international community and is important to know how to communicate with each other.{1}I come from Brazil and I speak portuguese {2} as my native language. However I can speak a litlle {3} bit of spanish as well.First of all foreign languages can be very useful when you are abroad on holidays and when you need to speak with people from other nationalities. Secondly the internet have {4} information in all kinds of language but most of it is in english and also is good to have friends in other countries and try to communicate with them by email. Finally if you want to work in the business sector or in many others like tourism you must know at least others languages appart {5} from your own.But not all is perfect{6}. Even that {7} learning is so important, it is not easy to become a master in a language or to start speaking fluently. What is more, {***} {8}is dificult {9} to maintain a lot of new things in your head especially when you are young (I know this because I'm 16).Other {10} thing that is important to raise is that the costs to learn another language are very expensive{***} {11} therefore {***} is not everybody that can afford it.I think it is very important to learn a different language because {***} {12}will help you a lot in the future when you are looking for a job. It's also a good idea to start learning when you are young when you don't need to worry with {13} adult things like: bills, job, house & etc and {***}is very interesting to learn other cultures and customs from other countries.There may be some negative aspects of learning a foreign language, but overall, I believe that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.I have already have a good experience about this, in 1996 I went to England to learn English; and in my opinion, whatever language we would be interested to know will broaden your mind, you could learn about their country, customs, believes, and even would be able to talk to them in their own language.However, the disadvantages that you probably will find such as spend a long time to begin to understand what they are talk about; study really hard to get fluent in the language you choose. In my opinion, everything that you can learn in life is an excellent opportunity to improve yourself and others.It is clear, therefore, that there are arguments in favour and against. On balance, you will who decide what is better to you and will make you happy.

You have seen the following advertisement in a magazine:Film Weekly Top 100 films - the viewers' choice

What is your favourite film of all time? Why should it be in the top 100?

Write a short article about these questions and you could be published in our next issue.Certainly, the best film I have ever seen was the classic Gone with the Wind. The film, based on a book written by Margaret Mitchell, tells the story of a spoiled and determinated young lady, Scarlett O'Hara. Althought {1}she is pretty and charming, the man she loves does not love her. Scarlett fight {2} hardly {3} for this love, even when eclodes {4}American Civi War. But the War changes everything in her life, her values, dreams, and almost everybody had gone {5}. Then, she {6}, from the South,fells {7} in love with a Yankee, from the North.The film is fabulous, with a very good storyboard {8}, beautiful settings and clothes. Also, the historic context is recreated, like the order from Lincoln to begin the War, the cause of it, how life was before and after this tragedy. Gone with the Wind emotions the youth and elders {9} by showing the stupidity of war and the strenght {10} of love.

Films occupy a great time of our spare time.When I am not doing my homework and am not reading, I like watching a film.As I wasn't busy later, I had a lot of time to enjoy four interesting movies: Garfield, Serendipity, White Cheeks and Queen of Damned. Sincerely, I found it very difficult to choose the best film as all of them were extremely interesting and worth to be in top one hundred. But

27

FCE PRACTICE

finally I have decided to vote for Garfield. I was extremely impressed to see a conflict which turned into a brotherhood love between a fat orange cat and a thin dog named Odie. They lived in the same house and shared the same master. Being very gelous of Odie, the "mice eater" had driven him away. Hardly had the time passed when Garfield realised that the dog was in danger. He felt very ashemed and did his best to help Odie. He gathered all the animals he knew as mice, cats and dogs and together succeeded in finding the poor dog. Since then they have become like brothers.From this film, I learnt that all persons have the same rights and we have to respect the others if we want to be respected.One of my interests are films. I like almost every kind of it, exept horrors. Lately I have seen a few good films like K-Pax, The Last Samurai and Matrix, but the first of them was the best for me. Why? Next day I still be thinking about this film and its moral, which was very simple; every man can help yourself if he believes. It was charming story about people and their relations. Kevin Space play a main role. He is mentally ill and he believes that he is a stranger from a planet K-Pax. This object is known by only few scientists and thus it is fascinated for a doctor. His pacient knows a lot of astronomical fact which are avaible only for known astronomists in the world. And how it could be? How his patient find out about this planet? Richard has an unnormal sight becouse he can see UV. A doctor looks for a reason for his illness and he find it through hipnosis. What is it? Check this out yourself. It worth seeing.I recently saw a terrific film called, the incredibles, in my opinion it was really great because of the story, creativity and imagination among other things.The story takes place in a tv report where all the members of the incredibles speaks about their experience as super heroes, they talk with a funny tune so you rapidily get laghting. Their job is to keep the security of people safe. But suddenly something goes wrong and they are margined by society so they are asked to act like normal people do. Justice and society don´t want them to be heroes anymore. After several months, they live and act like normal people however they are not happy with this new life, they fell frustrated. They had got three children and they had powers too but of course they are unable to use them.On the other hand there was a fanatic and sick man who tried to be better than the incredibles. This man wanted people to recognize him like the best heroe, so he plans an ambush with the objective of being the incredible weakers. Of course, this plan failed, because all the members of the incredibles even the family members got togheter to reinforce their powers. Finally they won once more so justice and society allow them to work as heroes again. This is a really incredible film and most of the audience think that, for that reason it should be in the top 100.

Discursive compositionQuestion:In your English class you have been doing a project on young people and their health in your country. Your teacher has asked you to write your response to the following statement taken from a recent newspaper article:Research shows that young people today are not as healthy as they were twenty years ago. Why is this and can we do anything about it?Nowadays, young people are prone to be less healthier than they were twenty years ago and also to suffer from a lot of illnesses. These problems are mainly caused by the busy way of life we live {1}.Twenty years ago, young people were healthier since, although they did not look after their health conciously {2}, they did it by eating food without additives, because they lived more quiet {3}, they spent much time in touch with nature as well as, despite not doing sports, they did more phisycal {4} activities by working than young people do now{5}.In contrast, nowadays a lot of people give more importance to their appearance rather {***} {6} to their health. Added to this most of the time they eat fast food and also some of them are not fond of practising{7} sports so, they lead a sedentary life. All of these problems make them to be {8} unfit and unhealthy.To conclude, young people today can{9} look after their health since there are a lot of medical treatment for curing and preventing illnesses as wel, as there is more information available than years ago. However, the responsabilities {10}, stress and the lack of time lead us to leave aside the care of our health.

In your English class you have been discussing different ways of studying English. Your teacher has asked you to write a composition with the following title:

The advantages and disadvantages of learning English abroad compared to learning in your own country.The advantages and disadvantages of learning English abroad compared to learning in your own countryLearning English is very important in studying, doing business, or even in visiting foreign countries.Learning English abroad, especially in {***} {1} UK, has a great advantage as you have to speak the language all the time whether during classes or in daily activities such as shopping, asking for directions, and watching TV. It will certainly improvemy{2} accent and make me used to think in English - not in my native language. Notanyone {3} can afford studying English abroad as it is very expensive. On the other hand{4}, some people cannot get along with a different culture and suffer homesick {5} .Learning English in my own country has its pros and cons. Being with students speaking the same language and have {6} the same problems make {7} studying a {8} fun, and sometimes competition urge students to work harder. At the same time using the native language in class limit the ability of speaking English fluently{9}.Taking in {10} consideration the high expenses of learning abroad, I prefer to study in my own country and make efforts to improve my English by making friendships with English native-speakers who live {***} {11}or visit my country.

In your English class you have been discussing different ways of studying English. Your teacher has asked you to write a composition with the following title:

The advantages and disadvantages of learning English abroad compared to learning in your own country.The English language is one of the most popular and used {1} languages in the world.

28

FCE PRACTICE

Some people claim that studying English in your own country is better. They think that when you are studying English in your own country {2} you will understand the word definitions clearly. I think that they are wrong. If you want to know English well you have to know the meaning of the word in {***} {3} English-English translation.In my opinion studying English abroad is a good opportunity, because you will be in{***} {4} English environment. You won't be able to speak your native language and will feel on you the real English influence. You will have the chance to learn the way of speaking the English language{***} {5}.In my view a disadvantage of studying English in your own country is that sometimes there are English teachers, {6} who have been graduated {7} "somewhere" and their English is awful. You will have to learn more in your country, especially of your native language has nothing to do with the English{8}.To sum up, the most appropriate way to learn English is to study abroad in a certain English-speaking country.

In your English class you have been discussing the pros and cons of different types of transport. For your homework your teacher has asked you to write a composition giving your reaction to the following statement:

"Cars should be banned from the centres of all major cities."Moving to {1} different parts of our city by car is often the nightmare of many inhabitants.{2} However, in reality it has both advantages and disadvantages.{***}There are many pros to driving a car. First of all, it is one of the cheapest means of transport. In addition to this, if it run out of {3} fuel, it is easy to find a near {4} gas station. A further advantage is that you do not have to waste many{5} time at the bus stop when you need to go somewhere.In contrast, there are certain drawbacks. Firstly, it can be dangerous to drive during the rush hour because you can crash. Moreover, you may arrive late at work if you get stuck in traffic for several hours.In conclusion, it can be seen that although we consider our car as a big {6} {***}solution, sometimes it makes us to get in troubles.{7}

In your English class you have been discussing the pros and cons of different types of transport. For your homework your teacher has asked you to write a composition giving your reaction to the following statement:

"Cars should be banned from the centres of all major cities."Nowadays, most of the people{1} have their own car. In a survey that was made {2} {***} here in Romania, most of those who were questioned said that they couldn't live without a car. It would be too difficult for them to go somewhere {3} because of the madding crowd.It's true that cars are a must in people's life, but in {4} the same time they are a major factor of pollution. What people haven't thought about is that 1 car pollute less the air {5} than 20 cars. So, it's more convinient to use public transport instead of your own car, if you do think about the {6} nature and the air you breath {7} every second.Another problem are the frequent traffic jams that happen mostly because of careless drivers or because of the rush hours. No one would like to be in the centre of Bucharest at hours like {8} 7 a.m. or 4 p.m. because it would be like throwing yourself into a labyrinth you could hardly manage to get out of.{9}People should use more public transport {10} than their own car, first of all because it would be cheaper, second of all {11} because it would reduce {***} pollution rate byaproximately 80% and the city it would be also less noisy. All these improvements would make our life much easier, because an unpolluted air{12} makes our bodies healthier and we can do as much physical effort as usual, but with less energy consumed.

ArticleYou have seen the following announcement in an international magazine for 16-25 year olds:

'Young people are spending more time each day on their computers than watching television. Is this a change for the better?'We are interested in your views on this topic. You can contribute to the debate by sending us a short article with your opinion.Write your article for the magazine (around 120-180 words).What you need to do to passUse our checklist first to understand what the examiner wants you to do.Ideas for writingAsk yourself the following questions to help you get started:

Do you think it is better for young people to spend time on their computers instead of watching television? Start your article by listing some of the benefits of using a computer compared to watching TV:You can surf the internet to find out information of your choice - not so with TVIt's more sociable than TV - you can make contact with people through email or discussion groups

Are there any arguments that can be made against computers?Too much choice compared to TV? Not as relaxing as TV - you have to think too hardCan be expensive if you spend too much time on the internetYou spend time on your own instead of with the rest of the family

Should young people be doing other things with their leisure time apart from being on a computer or watching TV? Make a list of two or three things (sport, seeing friends, etc) that they could also do.

What is your opinion overall? Make sure that this will be clear to the reader.29

FCE PRACTICE

Drafting and proofreading your workYou should look at your first draft of the task and decide:

Have you answered the questions? Will the reader be clear about your opinion? Is the layout and organisation appropriate? Is the language correct with a good range of structures? Will the reader enjoy reading your work? Is the style OK? Will it have a positive effect on the reader?

If the answer to any of these questions is 'no' you will need to do some more drafting!INTENSIVE EXERCISE

A. For each pair of the following sentences form a compound sentence by joining the two independent clauses with a coordinator that best fits the meaning.1. Nuclear accidents can happen. Nuclear power plants must have strict safety controls.................................................................................................................................................................2. The accident at the nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island in the United States created fears about the safety of this energy source. The disaster at Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union confirmed them.................................................................................................................................................................3. Solar heating systems are economical to operate. The cost of installation is very high..................................................................................................................................................................4. Energy needs are not going to decrease. Energy sources are not going to increase. (Use nor and question word order in the second clause, deleting the word not)..................................................................................................................................................................5. Burning fossil fuels causes serious damage to our planet. We need to develop other sources of energy..................................................................................................................................................................6. Ecologists know that burning fossil fuels causes holes in the ozone layer. People continue to do it..................................................................................................................................................................7. Developing nations especially will continue this harmful practice. They do not have the money to develop "clean" energy sources..................................................................................................................................................................8. All nations of the world must take action. Our children and grandchildren will suffer the consequences...............................................................................................................................................................................B. Add punctuation marks where necessary1. For the last several decades information and communication technology is reaching out to help people in the poorest countries improve their lives for example Bengal fishermen who have resided the bay for hundreds of years can now receive online weather reports that tell them when it is safe to go out.2. Furthermore when the fishermen bring in a boatload of fish they can find out the current market prices for their fish which will help them bargain with the middlemen to whom they sell their catch.3. The cost of the cheapest computer is at least $200 and since this is more than an individual fisherman can afford several Bengal fishing villages together with other villages in the country can pool their money and buy one to share.4. Not only is the worldwide reach of the Internet enhancing the economy but it is also providing employment opportunities in developing countries and as greater numbers of people learn the technology these opportunities will expand.5. When calling a U.S. bank clients may find themselves speaking to a customer service representative who is sitting in the Philippines or Puerto Rico and when they need technical support for their home computer help will probably come from a programmer in New Delhi.

C. Add commas where necessary1. The US advertising industry which is one of the largest industries employs millions of people and spends billions of dollars.2. A company that wants to be successful must spend a great deal of money to advertise its products.3. Advertising is essential to the free enterprise system yet it can sometimes be very annoying.4. Every minute of the day and night people are exposed to ads on television on billboards in the newspapers and in magazines.

30

FCE PRACTICE

5. You cannot even avoid advertising in the privacy of your own car or your own home for advertisers have begun selling their products in those places too.6. In the last few years advertising agencies have started to hire young people to hand out circulars on street comers and in parking lots.7. You can often find these circulars stuck on your windshield thrust through the open windows of your car stuffed in your mailbox or simply scattered on your front doorstep.8. Because Americans are exposed to so much advertising they have become immune to it.9. As a result advertisers have to make louder commercials use blighter colours and hire sexier models to catch the public's attention.10. Many people object to commercials that use sex as a sales strategy.11. Sexy commercials that sell everything from toothpaste to automobiles seem to imply that you will become sexier if you buy the product.12. Sex is used in many cigarette and liquor ads for example.13. The women in such ads are often dressed in revealing clothes and are surrounded by handsome men and the men in such ads are always extremely handsome and virile.14. As everyone knows smoking and drinking do not make you sexy or virile.15. On the contrary drinking makes you fat and smoking makes you sick.16. Recently smoking was banned in most public places in the United States.17. Many people opposed the law but it finally passed.18. Smoking is now prohibited in hospitals airports stores offices and restaurants.19. In many other countries however smoking is still allowed.20. Antismoking groups want to ban smoking in those countries too.D. Add commas or semicolons where necessary1. Professor Smith is at a conference however Dr. Jones who is the department chairman will be glad to see you.2. Grace works for a prestigious law firm she is their top criminal lawyer. 3. My favorite leisure-time activities are going to movies especially musicals reading novels especially stories of love and adventure listening to music both rock and classical and participating in sports particularly tennis and volleyball.4. The future of our wild animals is uncertain for example illegal shooting and chemical poisoning threaten many birds.5. Homework is boring therefore I never do it.6. The freeways are always crowded during the busy rush hours nevertheless people refuse to take public transportation.7. The Smiths' marriage should succeed they share the same interests.8. Hoping that he would pass the course he stayed up all night studying for the final exam unfortunately he overslept and missed the test.9. In general I enjoy my English class the amount of homework our teacher assigns is definitely not enjoyable however.10. If you are a college student an average day is filled with challenges: you have to avoid running into Professor Jones whose class you missed because you overslept you have to race across the campus at high speed to reach your next class which is always at the other side of the campus and you have to secretly prepare your homework assignment during class hoping all the time that the teacher will not catch you.E. Add commas or semicolons where necessary1. My bus was late therefore I missed my first class.2. The politician was discovered accepting bribes as a result his political career was ruined.3. My father never cries in fact he never shows any emotion at all,4. The restaurant was closed consequently we went home to eat.5. Some people feel that grades are unnecessary on the other hand some people feel that grades motivate students.6. Technology is changing our lives in harmful ways for example the computer is replacing human contact.7. The computer dehumanizes business nevertheless it has some real advantages,8. Writing essays is easy it just takes a little practice.9. North Americans love pets every family seems to have at least one dog or cat.10. The life expectancy of North Americans is increasing for example the life expectancy of a person born in 2000 was 77.2 years which is an increase of almost 30 years since 1900.11. Your proposal is a good one however I do not completely agree with your final suggestion.12. Efficiency is a highly prized quality among North Americans it has almost attained the status of a moral attribute.D. Add commas, semicolons and colons to the following1. The library offers many special services the Student Learning Centre where students can receive individual tutoring special classes where they can improve their math reading writing and computer skills and group study rooms where they can meet with classmates to discuss assignments.2. Dear Dr. Patterson

31

FCE PRACTICE

Dear JacobDear Mr. Carter

3. To check a book out of the library you should follow this procedure Write down the call number of the book find the book take it to the circulation desk fill out the card and show your student I.D.4. The principal sources of air pollution in our cities are factories airplanes and automobiles. 5. I have a dental appointment at 330 today. Please pick me up at 300.E. Add punctuation to the following paragraphs

AgingPeople are more likely to live long enough to get old in wealthy countries than in poor countries. 2 1 rich countries people have nutritious food modern medical care good sanitation and clean drinking water but poor countries lack these things. 3 As a result the mortality rate especially infant mortality is very high.4Citizens of Ethiopia and Yemen which are two of the world's poorest countries have an average life expectancy of 35-39 years. 5Citizens of Japan Hong Kong Singapore Australia Iceland and Sweden in contrast have an average life span of more than 80 years. 6 exception is Saudi Arabia one of the world's wealthiest nations. 8Having an average life expectancy of 45-49 years Saudi Arabians live about as long as Bangladeshis and Cambodians. 9 not among the highest rated nations having an average life expectancy of only 77 years.10Compared to other mammals humans have a relatively long life span. 11The average life span of elephants is 70 years of dogs 18 years of cats 14 years and of horses 20 years. 12The life spans of other species are as follows eagles parrots and owls 60 years parakeets 12 years guppies 5 years and box tortoises 100 years. 13Some plants such as trees live much longer than animals. 14Redwood trees for example live more than 3,000 years and bristlecone pine trees can live over 4,000 years.15The life expectancy of people who live in industrialized societies is increasing rapidly in fact it has doubled in the past hundred years. 16When comparing males and females one finds that women generally live longer than men. 18At her death Madame Calment was both blind and deaf but had not lost her sharp wit for which she had become quite famous. 19Asked what kind of future she expected she replied A very short one. 20Bragging about her smooth skin she said I've only had one wrinkle in my life and I'm sitting on it.Japan has the highest Yemen has the lowest. 7One Surprisingly the United States is 17The oldest person in the world until recently was a French woman Jeanne Calment. F. Rewrite the following sentences in parallel form. Underline the part of the sentence that is not parallel and correct it. Remember that you do not have to repeat all the words in the second item.1. The disadvantages of using a credit card are overspending and you pay high interest rates..................................................................................................................................................................2. Credit cards are accepted by department stores, airlines, and they can be used in some gas stations..................................................................................................................................................................3. You do not need to risk carrying cash or to risk to miss a sale..................................................................................................................................................................4. With credit cards, you can either pay your bill with one check, or you can stretch out your payments..................................................................................................................................................................5. You can charge both at restaurants and when you stay at hotels...............................................................................................................................................................................6. Many people carry not only credit cards but they also carry cash..................................................................................................................................................................7. Many people want neither to pay off their balance monthly nor do they like paying interest..................................................................................................................................................................8. Not making any payment or to send in only the minimum payment every month is poor money management..................................................................................................................................................................

ANSWERS

32