January 6, 2012• Turn in your storyboard

• Pick up TWO pages on the back table

• Today we will– Analyze & categorize FDR’s solutions to

the Great Depression

FDR and the New Deal

Herbert Hoover gets blamed• The Depression• Hawley-Smoot Tariff• Reconstruction Finance Corporation• Bonus Army

– WW1 Veterans march on D.C. to demand their promised bonus.

– Hoover sends MacArthur/ troops to get rid of the camps

Election of 1932

• Landslide victory for Franklin Delano Roosevelt– Promised “A New Deal” for

Americans

• Charismatic, excellent speaker, a new hope.– Reporters and media downplayed

his disability– Fireside chats-let people feel

connected

FDR & 1st Inaugural Address

Hundred Days• First three months FDR was in office,

1933

• Rapid and intense burst of congressional legislation to address the problems of the legislation

• Focused on Relief and Recovery

The First New Deal• 1933-1934• *First time the Federal government would

have direct involvement in peoples’ everyday lives.– Political shift to the left

• Focus on action, corporation and pragmatism• Bank Holiday

FDR and Alphabet Soup

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Bank Holiday• March 1933

• Closed banks for 8 days to reorganization

• Restore confidence in banking– When opened again, more people were

depositing than withdrawing

Fixing the Problems• Needed to repair the broken industry• Cuts production in half

– Mills stood idle

• NIRA/NRA (National Industrial Recovery Act: – Gov’t regulate and negotiates prices, productions,

and wages with industry– Purpose- to try and end price cuts and worker

layoffs

THREE Categories • Relief—help the people directly

• Recovery—help industries hurt by the Great Depression

• Reform—fix the problems that created the Great Depression

NRA• Cooperating

companies displayed blue eagle

• Help unionization movement

• SC case found NRA unconstitutional in 1935

AAA• Failing Farms b/c producing too much

and prices kept falling

• Some farmers forced off their land

The Dust Bowl

• Dust Bowl– Cattle/houses buried, – People packed up

and headed west to California

– Discrimination against the Mexican migrant workers

Images from Dorothea Lange

AAA

• Agricultural Adjustment Act• Paid farmers to limit their productions• Objective to lift agricultural products to parity

with industrial prices– Wheat, corn, cotton, and tobacco

• First successful effort to support farm prices through a government program

• Unconstitutional in 1936, reinstated in 1938

TVA• Tennessee valley Authority• Designed to develop and improve the whole

region• Built a series of Damns on the Tennessee

River to control flooding= Jobs• Constructed hydroelectric to attract more

industry and provide power to homes• Private industries thought is was unfair

FERA• Federal Relief Emergency

Administration

• Federal money distributed to the sates to distribute locally

CCC• Civilian Conservation Corps• 1933- 13,600,000 unemployed• FDR employs 500,000 men 18-25• Worked in parks and forests, built roads• Favored this over handouts

– Give a man a fish and you can feed him for a day, teach him to fish and you will feed him for life

CCC-”Boys at Work”

Eleanor Roosevelt

• Eleanor Roosevelt was a tireless advocate of the poor and downtrodden

• Campaigned for her husband and went out into the communities– Gave the public access

to him through her.

Did he do enough?• Many of the New Deal Programs did not

reach the African Americans• “Blue eagle codes”- fired African Americans

and replaced them with white workers• Many joked that the NRA was really the

“Negro Removal Act”• Didn’t sign an anti-lynching law b/c afraid

would shut down entire program (loose the southern lawmakers)