Features population density Impact of location, climate, physical features, and distribution of...

CANADA•Features•Impact of location, climate, physical features, and distribution of natural resources on population density•Environmental Issues

Quiz Answers

1. A2. A3. D4. D5. C6. B7. A8. C

9. A10.B11.C12.D13.A14.C15.D

FEATURES

These are the locations that you have to know for Canada:• Pacific Ocean• Rocky Mountains• Canadian Shield• Hudson Bay

• Great Lakes• St. Lawrence River

(waterway)• Atlantic Ocean

FEATURES Put a circle around the Pacific and

Atlantic Ocean Draw a rectangle around the

Rocky Mountains & Great Lakes Draw a line for the Canadian

Shield Label Hudson Bay Trace the route of the St.

Lawrence River

Rocky M

ounta

ins

Canadian

Shield

Hudson

BayP. O.

A. O.Great Lakes

St. Lawrence River

Pacific Ocean

The largest Ocean and also the deepest of the five ocean regions.

It is the western border of Canada

Rocky Mountains

Western Canadian mountain chain that extends down into the United States. It goes from northern British Columbia all the way south to New Mexico in the US.

In the Canadian Rockies, there are numerous glaciers.

Canadian Shield

VERY big—located in central and eastern Canada (marked red in picture)

Includes nearly half of Canada’s land area. NOT good for farming (too rocky) RICH in natural resources

Trees Minerals Water

Curves from the Hudson Bay area down toward the Great Lakes area that borders the United States.

Hudson Bay

Gulf (it’s like the little brother of the gulf of Mexico)

It is connected to both the Arctic and the Atlantic Ocean

Great Lakes

Five FRESHWATER lakes along the United States and Canadian border

Valuable transportation network for products imported and exported with the United States.

HOMES Huron Ontario Michigan Erie Superior

St. Lawrence River (Seaway)

Connects the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean

Team effort between Canada and US completed the St. Lawrence Seaway (like the Panama canal that allow HUGE ocean cargo liners to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes)

Atlantic Ocean

Canada’s eastern border. It is the 2nd largest ocean

Features

Canada is the second largest country in the world! Russia is the only bigger country on earth.

Oceans touch Canada’s borders—north, east, and west.

The United States is the southern border.

Features (CLIMATE)

Because of its size and location, Canada’s climate changes from freezing, arctic type climates in the northern regions to a milder climate towards its south.

It’s STILL cold in the south during its winters Even the most southern part of Canada

is still more north than most of the United States

Features (CLIMATE)

Population Distribution in Canada 90% of the

population lives within 100 miles of the US border

Continuous PERMAFROST in the north is a serious obstacle to development (think Russia)

Exports account for 1/3 of its GDP Trade with United States

US takes more than 80% of Canada’s exports

What we get from Canada:▪ Oil▪ Gas▪ Uranium ▪ Electric Power

Trade

Satellite image showing population distribution in Canada

Be the Thing…

Your Task: Choose 1 of the physical features Fold your paper “hamburger style” to

make a desk tentOn the front : Imagine that you are

one of the features. Write 5 facts about yourself.

On the back: draw an illustration of the feature

Who Am I?

Brrrrr! I am always so cold!! It’s chilly up here in northern Canada.

I am so tired of everybody always picking on me. Dig, dig, dig all day long.

I wish I had some pretty trees to look at…All that I can see is scraggly trees and flat, rocky land.

It’s so lonely. No one lives near me

Environmental Issues in Canada

1. Acid Rain & Pollution of the Great Lakes

2. Extraction and Use of Natural Resources on the Canadian Shield

3. Timber Industry in Canada

Environmental Concerns (Acid Rain and the pollution of the Great Lakes) Great Lakes are polluted by acid Rain,

industries, sewage treatment plants, and runoff water containing things like: Pesticides Fertilizer Oil, Grease, & Salt from highways

MAJOR source of drinking water Recreation

Acid Rain

Coal-burning factories, cars, & trucks release chemicals that pollute The pollutants mix with water molecules

in clouds and turn the water acidic

High levels of acid in rain can damage or kill trees and pollute lakes enough to kill fish

Houses, buildings, statues can also be damaged

Acid Rain

Southern Canada (Great Lakes region) has the highest levels of acid rain

50-75% of the pollution that causes acid rain actually comes from the US Wind patterns move the pollution north

from the US

Acid Rain – The Solution

Canada’s government has done several things to reduce pollution: factories that emit less pollution laws have been passed that limit vehicle

emissions encouraging people to walk or ride

bikes/buses, rather than driving

Environmental Solutions (Acid Rain and the pollution of the Great Lakes)Team effort by the governments of

both Canada & the United States Regulating industries Replacing coal-fired power stations with

gas-powered power stations Adding lime to▪ Lakes▪ Rivers▪ Soil

Reduces the effects of acid

The Canadian Shield

Environmental Concerns (Extraction of the Canadian Shield)

Extraction is the process of removing natural resources so that they can be used to meet human needs. Ex: ▪ Oil companies drilling for oil▪ Mining companies digging for precious metals

Many environmentalists feel like the Canadian Shield is being damaged by extraction.

Natural Resources on the Canadian Shield

Canadian Shield is a large area of thin, rocky soil that surrounds the Hudson Bay Canada’s most valuable resources:

minerals (gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead, iron ore, uranium, & nickel)

Important to Canada’s economy (mineral deposits and jobs) 1.5 million make their living in the

mining industry in this area

Extraction and Use of Resources on the Canadian Shield

Blasting & digging with heavy machinery causes the land around mines to be damaged and the environment is often ruined

Slag, or leftover rock from the smelting process, is often dumped in any convenient place

Mining processes release harmful chemicals into the air, which causes acid rain

Extraction of Resources -- The Solution

Canada’s government has made new rules about mining Some rules reduce the amount of

pollution allowed in waterways Government hopes to keep its fish alive

and safe to eat

Timber Industry

With almost half its land covered in forests, Canada is a leading producer of timber products lumber, paper, plywood, and wood pulp

The major timber-producing provinces include British Columbia, Quebec, and Ontario.

Timber Industry

Citizens are concerned that logging is destroying the forests

Most timber companies cut all the trees in a given area, leaving large treeless gaps in the forest (called clear-cutting) Reduces water quality, causes erosion, & kills

animals’ habitats Heavy machinery leaves the forest

floor compacted Makes it hard for new growth to start

Environmental Concerns (Protecting Forests)

Air pollution and resulting acid rain severely damages the forests

Metal Smelting, Coal-burning utilities, and vehicle emissions impact agricultural and forest productivity

Timber produces a great deal of revenue (money). Environmentalists worry that too much clear cutting of the timber without government regulation will destroy the forests.

Timber Industry – The Solution

Government and industry are working together to manage use of the forests: Hundreds of millions of seedlings are

planted each year Billions of dollars are spent on managing

and protecting the forests Over $100 million is spent each year by

the logging industry to protect wildlife & their habitats

A place where fish are caught and processed for

market

FishWet

Processed Market economy

Land animalsDryRaw

Command Economy

DEFINITION ILLUSTRATION

What it is… What it is NOT…

FISHERY

FISHERY



HYDROELECTRIC POWER

FISHERY



PENINSULA

FISHERY



OVERFISHING

FISHERY



Great Lakes

FISHERY



Hudson Bay

FISHERY



POPULOUS

FISHERY



ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY

FISHERY



CARGO

FISHERY



PETROLEUM

FISHERY

DEFINITION


ILLUSTRATION

ARCTIC

FISHERY

DEFINITION


ILLUSTRATION

TUNDRA

FISHERY



CANADIAN SHIELD

FISHERY



RAW MATERIALS

FISHERY



ACID RAIN

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