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Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications
Federal Office of Transport
FINANCING AND MANAGEMENT OF THE GOTTHARD BASE TUNNEL
Dr. Rudolf SperlichSwiss Federal Office of TransportNETLIPSE Network Meeting, October 20th 2008
2 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Introduction
• Traffic policy CH • Financing:
Public transport fund• New Rail Link through the Alps (NRLA)
Focus: Gotthard axis• Supervision • Conclusion
3 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
The Alps
A barrier for transportation
4 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Rail
Road
Mio. Net Tonnes / year
Status: 2008
Transalpine Swiss freight traffic:subdivision and modal split
71.6
6.1
11.5
36.125.2
12.9
5 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Swiss Traffic evolution until 2030
0
10
20
30
40
50
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Personenverkehr Güterverkehr
+ 54%
+ 24%
6 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Elements of the Swiss transport policy
Railway reformRailway reformHeavy vehicle
feeHeavy vehicle
fee
Shift from road to railShift from road to rail
Modernization of railway
Modernization of railway
AgreementSwitzerland-EU
AgreementSwitzerland-EU
Large railway infrastructure projects:Large railway infrastructure projects:
NRLA (NEAT)NRLA (NEAT)
High Speed LinksHigh Speed Links
Railway 2000 Railway 2000
Noise abatementNoise abatementFDR (ZEB)FDR (ZEB)
Agglo-projectsAgglo-projects
7 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Expenses for infrastructureExpenses for infrastructure
Road
Rail
Mio
. sF
r.
8 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Improvement of the railway network (large-scale projects until 2030)
Public
Transport
Fund (FinöV)
Ordinary Budget2007-2010
Infrastructure Fund forAgglomeration Projects
9 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
HighSpeedLinks
RAIL 2000
NRLA(NEAT)
Noiseabatement
Vote on public transport funding
Popular vote on financingof public transport
29.11.199829.11.1998
10 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Public transport fund (cross financing)
Noise Abatement
0,8 bn €
High speedLinks
0,6 bn €
RAIL 2000 and FDR6 bn €
NEAT(Alp Transit) 12,3 bn. €
VAT (0,1 %)
Mineral Oil Tax(25% for NRLA)
2/3 of Heavy Vehicle Fee
Public Transport
Fund19,7 bn €
Advances(max. 5,4 bn €)
11 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Public Transport Fund
advance / debt redemption
payments earmarked revenues
0.5 Mrd
1.0 Mrd
1.5 Mrd
2.0 Mrd
2.5 Mrd
0.0 Mrd
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
system change
12 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
NRLA: The AlpTransit tunnels
Lötschberg -Base Tunnel
Gotthard - Base Tunnel
Ceneri -Base Tunnel
Bern
Basel
Lausanne
Genf
Steg
Brig
Frutigen
Erstfeld
Biasca
Lugano
Chiasso
Arth-Goldau
Zürich
St. Gallen
Luzern
Zimmerberg - Base Tunnel
13 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Overview Lötschberg base tunnel
Existing conventional Railway linesLötschberg base tunnelService tunnel/lateral aditlUnequiped single-tracktunnel
Frutigen
Mitholz
Steg
Ferden
Raron
14 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Lötschberg base tunnel
• Beginning of construction: 2000
• Opening: December 9, 2007
• Trustworthiness of tunnel installations > 99,8%
• Costs: 4,3 billion € (+ 0.6 billlion price increase)
• Beginning of construction: 2000
• Opening: December 9, 2007
• Trustworthiness of tunnel installations > 99,8%
• Costs: 4,3 billion € (+ 0.6 billlion price increase)
15 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Profile of the Gotthard axis
.
gradient 26 0/00
gradient max. 8 0/00
SN
susp
ended
susp
ended
16 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Gotthard base tunnel
17 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Gotthard base tunnel: features
• Tunnel length: 57.0 km
• Two single track tubes
• Tunnel profile: EBV IV
• Connecting galleries all 300m
• Max. speed for passenger trains: 250 km/h
• Max. speed for freight trains: 160 km/h
• Culmination point: 550 m
• Maximum overlay: 2,300 m
• Cost of the Gotthard base tunnel: approx. CHF 9,7 bn / € 6,0 bn (1998)
18 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Gotthard base tunnel Umgehungsstollen Bodio
Bodio
Faido
ZugangsstollenFaido
MultifunktionsstelleFaidoBetriebszentraleFaido
MultifunktionsstelleSedrun
Sedrun
Schacht II
EntlüftungsstollenZugangs-stollen
Kabelstollen Amsteg
Amsteg
ZugangsstollenAmstegE rstf eld
Schacht I
BetriebszentraleSedrun
Oströ
hreWe
ströh
re
• tunneling in progres
• excavated
• interior completed
Tunnelling completed: 30 June 2008: 113,2 km (73,8 %) of 153 kmTunnelling completed: 30 June 2008: 113,2 km (73,8 %) of 153 km
19 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Gotthard base tunnel – scheme of tunnel system
20 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Sedrun - emergency stationSedrun - emergency station
21 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
© AlpTransit Gotthard AG
Sedrun - elevator
22 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Bodio south portal: construction site
23 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Ceneri Base Tunnel
Portal Veziakünftig
e Fo
rtsetz
ung S
ÜD
Zwischenangriff Sigirino
FensterstollenErkundungsstollenSigirino
Oströ
hre
Westr
öhre
Portal Vigana(Camorino)
Tunnel length: 15.4 kmTwo single track tubesTunnel profile: EBV IVConnecting galleries all 300mMax. speed for passenger trains: 250 km/hMax. speed for freight trains: 160 km/hOpening: 2019
At the end of 2009, the tunneling in the main tubes will begin out of the intermediate access.
24 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Geological challenges
Deformation of steel arches at the tunnel basein easily deformable rock formations and due to mountain overlay of more than 2000m.
25 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Gotthard base tunnel – geological section
not excavated
26 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
safety and technology progress
improvements for environment
and people
awarding
final costs: 11,874 bn SFR
additional costs +4,158 bn SFR
Gotthard axis: additional costs
cost reference base 1998: 7,716 bn SFR
geology
politically related delays
27 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
10.000
11.000
12.000
13.000
14.000
SBII/2000
SBI/2001
SBII/2001
SBI/2002
SBII/2002
SBI/2003
SBII/2003
SBI/2004
SBII/2004
SBI/2005
SBII/2005
SBI/2006
SBII/2006
SBI/2007
SBII/2007
SBI/2008
SBII/2008
Stand-berichte
Mill
ion
en
Fra
nk
en
Rechnungen ([KS14]-[KS15]-[KS17]) Vergaben [KS09] mutmassliche Endkosten ([KP08]-[KS15])
paid
awarded
probable final costs (price rises incl.)
bn SFR
Gotthard axis: cost development
28 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Credit situation NEAT
In the first years, NEAT was knowingly underfinanced.
On 16.9.2008, Parliament authorized the new NEAT global credit.
For the first time in its history, NEAT is fully financed (12 billion €)!
29 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
KommissionenKommissionen
Gotthard axis: Organisation
Federal Council
contractor
Parliament
contractorcontractor
contractor
SBB(operator)
Commissions
Fed. Office of Transport (FOT)
= monitoring and audit
Departement
NEAT Supervision Delegation
AlpTransit Gotthard Ltd (ATG)(constructor)
Financial Control
Experts
30 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
The operator is not the constructor
The organizational separation has
advantages: 1) cost cutting through contradictory interests
constructor --> low investment costsoperator --> high investment costs
(lower costs for renewal and maintenance)2) In case of problems, the autority can take a decision.
inconveniences: 1) supplementary interfaces 2) risk that project elements are „forgotten“
Important:
Strong and „in time“ collaboration between constructor and operator
31 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Management requires:
Objective agreement on project requirements
Procedure referential bases
Control periodical comparisons between reality and forecasts Instruments modification reports, risk management,
reports, controls, etc.
Principles of project management
Instruments
32 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Constructors
Standard - Reporting
NEAT Controlling Directive
auditing
FOT
Levels of project supervision
33 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Conclusion
• Ensured financing = determining factor
• Organization model operator < > constructor
• Supervision functions require clear repartition of roles
• Establishing good control system
• Foreseeing costs for adaptation to technological progress
34 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
The Alps - not only an obstacle!
35 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
36 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Organisation: Fed. Office of Transport
37 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Entwicklung der mutmasslichen Endkosten (Preisstand 1998, [KP11])
18,518,418,4
16,916,716,616,416,315,915,714,814,514,314,2
13,413,9
12,812,212,2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
SBI/1999
SBII/1999
SBI/2000
SBII/2000
SBI/2001
SBII/2001
SBI/2002
SBII/2002
SBI/2003
SBII/2003
SBI/2004
SBII/2004
SBI/2005
SBII/2005
SBI/2006
SBII/2006
SBI/2007
SBII/2007
SBI/2008
SBII/2008
Standberichte
Mil
liard
en
Fra
nke
nNEAT: Development of final costs(price level 1998, without risk share)
Mrd
. sF
r.
11,6 bn €
8,0 bn €
1999 2008
38 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
safety and technology progress
improvements for environment
and people
awarding
final costs: 12,4 bn € (estimation FOT,incl. risk share)
additional costs +4,4 bn €
NEAT - additional costs (estimation)
cost reference base 1998: 8,0 bn €
project extensions
geology
politically related delays
39 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Time frame
19
95
20
00
20
05
20
10
20
15
20
20
20
25
19
90
NEAT (AlpTransit)
FDR II ?
Noise Abatement
High Speed Links
RAIL 2000/1
Future Development of the Railway Infrastructure FDR
40 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Ceneri base tunnelCeneri base tunnel
41 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Gotthard base tunnel: bore width
8.60 – 8.80m 9.20 – 13.08 m
solid rock pressing rock
42 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Vorgehen
Halbjährlicher Zyklus
Daten, Berichte, Anträge Ersteller
Analyse und Risikobeurteilung
Wichtige Steuerungsmöglichkeiten
Verfahren und Zulassungen
Prüfungen, Empfehlungen
Änderungswesen, Kompensationen
Reservenmanagement
Finanz- und Fondsmanagement
Management and controlling through the FOT
43 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Objectives of the Neat Controlling DirectiveTransparency in project management
implementation of agreed objectives
riks /reserves
Early warning system
The autorities have all the necessary information.
The necessary measures can be taken in time.
44 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
.
Bern -
Milano
With LBT
Berne -
Sion
With LBT
3h 16‘
0 1 2 3
2h 42‘ (- 38 Min.)
2h 23‘
1h 45‘ (-34 Min.)
Lötschberg axis: travel times
45 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Public Transport Fund: estimate of expenses
~ 10 CHF(~ 6.3 €)
31.4 CHF(~ 19.7 €)
~ 7 CHF (~ 4.4 €)
Investitionsvolumen real
Teuerung, MWST
Zinsen
Investments
price rises
interests
46 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Financing (1)
Federal budgetFederal budgetAim: Maintain performanceAim: Maintain performance
Regional transport Freight transportInfrastructure
47 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Financing (2)
Public Transport Fund
Public Transport Fund Aim:
Improve performance Aim:Improve performance
Lötschberg Gotthard Mattstetten-Rothrist
48 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Infrastructure fund: financing
Mineral Oil TaxMineral Oil Tax
HighwayvignetteHighwayvignette
Completion of national road network (8.5 billion)Completion of national
road network (8.5 billion)
Suppression of congestionnat. road network (5.5 billion)Suppression of congestion
nat. road network (5.5 billion)
Substance maintenance in per. regions (0.8 billion)Substance maintenance in per. regions (0.8 billion)
Agglomeration traffic (6 billion)Agglomeration traffic (6 billion)
One-time payment 2.6 bil. Fr.One-time payment 2.6 bil. Fr.
I-Fonds
Investment volume 20.8 billion (2005)
49 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Lötschberg south portal: Rhone bridges
50 Dr. R. Sperlich / NETLIPSE Network Meeting 20th October 2008
Construction site for rail technology