Federal OSHA & ANSI
Standards and Regulations
3
Federal OSHA vs. State Plans
• Federal OSHA authorized 26 states,
Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands to
operate their own Occupational Safety
and Health Agencies.
• These states may elect to administer
state plans as long as they satisfy
minimum federal requirements.
• These state plans are eligible because
Federal OSHA recognizes them as
being at least as effective as the federal
program.
• Most state plans have selected federal
OSHA standards and regulations
verbatim. If there are variations it is
frequently due to state programs
exceeding the federal guideline
requirements.
OSHA-Approved State Plans
OSHA – General Industry
1910 Subpart D –
Walking-Working
Surfaces
Fixed Ladders, Ladder
Safety Services:
1910.23
Fixed Scaffolds and
rope descent
systems:
1910.27
Training
Requirements:
1910.30
1910 Subpart F –
Powered Platforms,
Manlifts, and
Vehicle-Mounted
Work Platforms
Powered Platforms for
Building Maintenance:
1910.66
1910 Subpart R –
Special Industries
Telecommunications:
1910.268
Electric Power
Generation,
Transmission,
and Distribution:
1910.269
1910 Subpart I –
Personal Protective
Equipment
Personal Fall
Protection Systems :
1910.140
OSHA – Construction
1926 Subpart X –
Stairways and
Ladders
Ladders:
1926.1053
1926 Subpart L –
Scaffolds
Boatswains’ Chairs:
1926.450 – 454
Aerial Lifts:
1926.453
1926 Subpart E –
Personal Protective
and Life Saving
Equipment
Safety belts, lifelines,
and lanyards:
1926.104
Safety nets:
1926.105
1926 Subpart M –
Fall Protection
Scope, Application
and Definitions:
1926.500
Duty to Have
Fall Protection:
1926.501
Fall Protection
Systems Criteria
and Practices:
1926.502
Training
Requirements:
1926.503
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesTimeline
• Most of rule effective January 17, 2017
• (May 17, 2017) Ensuring exposed workers are trained on fall hazards,
• (May 17, 2017) Ensuring workers who use equipment covered by the final rule
are trained,
• (November 20, 2017) Inspecting and certifying permanent anchorages for rope
descent systems,
• (November 19, 2018) Installing personal fall arrest or ladder safety systems on
new fixed ladders over 24 feet and on replacement ladders/ladder sections,
including fixed ladders on outdoor advertising structures,
• (November 19, 2018) Ensuring existing fixed ladders over 24 feet, including
those on outdoor advertising structures, are equipped with a cage, well,
personal fall arrest system, or ladder safety system, and
• (November 18, 2036) Replacing cages and wells (used as fall protection) with
ladder safety or personal fall arrest systems on all fixed ladders over 24 feet.
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
• Updated scaffold requirements
(§1910.27(a)). The final rule requires
employers to comply with OSHA's
construction scaffold standards 29 CFR
1926, Subpart L.
• Fall protection flexibility (§1910.28(b)).
• Allows range of fall protection systems –
eliminating mandate to use guardrails as
primary
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
• Rope descent systems (RDS) and certification of anchorages (§1910.27(b))
• Building owner verify 5,000 lbs. per employee
• Every 10 year by Qualified person
• Prohibits greater than 300 ft
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
Phase-in of ladder safety systems or
personal fall arrest systems (PFAS) on
fixed ladders (§1910.28(b)(9)). The final rule
phases in over 20 years a requirement to
equip fixed ladders that extend over 24 feet)
with ladder safety or personal fall arrest
systems and prohibits the use of cages and
wells as a means of fall protection after the
phase-in deadline.
• Existing fixed ladders. Each fixed ladder
installed before November 19, 2018 is
equipped with a personal fall arrest
system, ladder safety system, cage, or
well;
• New fixed ladders. Each fixed ladder
installed on and after November 19, 2018,
is equipped with a personal fall arrest
system or a ladder safety system;
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
• Replacement. When a fixed ladder, cage,
or well, or any portion of a section
thereof, is replaced, a personal fall arrest
system or ladder safety system is
installed in at least that section of the
fixed ladder, cage, or well where the
replacement is located; and
• Final deadline. On and after November
18, 2036, all fixed ladders are equipped
with a personal fall arrest system or a
ladder safety system.
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
Phase-out of the "qualified climber"
exception for outdoor advertising
(§1910.28(b)(10)).
• The final rule phases out OSHA's directive
allowing qualified climbers in outdoor
advertising to climb fixed ladders on
billboards without fall protection and phases
in the requirement to equip fixed ladders
(over 24 feet) with ladder safety or personal
fall arrest systems. Outdoor advertising
employers must follow the fall protection
phase-in timeline for fixed ladders. However,
if ladders do not have any fall protection,
outdoor advertising employers have 2 years
to comply with the existing standard (i.e.,
install a cage or well) or, they can install a
ladder safety or personal fall arrest system
which can be more cost efficient than cages.
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
• When work is performed at least 6 feet (1.6 m) but less than 15 feet (4.6 m) from the roof
edge, the employer must ensure each employee is protected from falling by using a guardrail
system, safety net system, travel restraint system, or personal fall arrest system. The
employer may use a designated area when performing work that is both infrequent and
temporary.
• When work is performed 15 feet (4.6 m) or more from the roof edge, the employer must:
- Protect each employee from falling by a guardrail system, safety net system, travel
restraint system, or personal fall arrest system or a designated area. The employer is not
required to provide any fall protection, provided the work is both infrequent and
temporary; and
- Implement and enforce a work rule prohibiting employees from going within 15 feet (4.6
m) of the roof edge without using fall protection in accordance with the above sections.
Low-Slope Roof (§ 1910.28(b)(13)). Low-slope roof
means a roof that has a slope less than or equal to a
ratio of 4 in 12 (vertical to horizontal). • When work is performed less than 6 feet (1.6
m) from the roof edge, the employer must
ensure each employee is protected from
falling by a guardrail system, safety net
system, travel restraint system, or personal fall
arrest system.
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
Falling Objects (§ 1910.28(c)) No mention of tool lanyards or securing objects to
personnel. The final rule requires that when an employee is exposed to falling
objects, the employer must ensure that each employee wears head protection that
meets the requirements of subpart I of this part. In addition, the employer must
protect employees from falling objects by implementing one or more of the
following:
• Erecting toeboards, screens, or guardrail systems to prevent objects from falling
to a lower level:
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
• Erecting canopy structures and keeping potential falling objects far enough from
an edge, hole, or opening to prevent them from falling to a lower level; or
• Barricading the area into which objects could fall, prohibiting employees from
entering the barricaded area, and keeping objects far enough from an edge or
opening to prevent them from falling to a lower level.
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
• Personal fall protection system performance criteria (§1910.140(d)(1)). The final rule
adds requirements on the performance, inspection, use, and maintenance of personal fall
arrest, positioning, and travel restraint systems.
• Fall protection connecting components (§1910.140).
• OSHA intended to be consistent with ANSI/ASSE Z359.12 and intends to issue a
technical amendment explaining that the gate strength of snap hooks and carabiners
must be capable of withstanding the 3,600 pounds, and not require proof testing of the
gate to 3,600 pounds. This direction aligns with ANSI/ASSE Z359.12 standard for
Connection Components for personal fall arrest systems.
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
• Training (§1910.30).
• (§1910.30(a)(2))The employer must
ensure that each employee is trained by
a qualified person as defined in
(§1910.21(b)). OSHA will consider that a
trainer who is a designated competent
person and meets all of the qualifications
for trainers and competent persons in
ANSI/ASSE Z490.1-2016 and
ANSI/ASSE Z359.2-2017 standards is a
qualified person for the purposes of the
final rule
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesSubparts of 29 CFR part 1910 affected
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesUpdate Summary
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesEstimated Annualized Costs
OSHA Walking Working SurfacesEstimated Annualized Costs
ANSI
Safety Requirements for Personal Fall Arrest
Systems, Subsystems and Components
Changed August 14, 2017 to The Fall Protection
Code
Free guidance document for the fall protection code. A
history and directory on the Z359 code
ANSI Z359.1First went into
effect in 1992 –
Fall Protection
Standard
ANSI Z359.0Definitions and Nomenclature Used for Fall Protection and Fall Arrest
ANSI Z359.1 The Fall Protection Code
ANSI Z359.2Minimum Requirements for a Comprehensive Managed Fall Protection Program
ANSI Z359.3 Safety Requirements for Lanyards and Positioning Lanyards
ANSI Z359.4Safety Requirements for Assisted-Rescue and Self-Rescue Systems – Subsystems and Components
ANSI Z359.6Specifications and Design Requirements for Active Fall Protection Systems
ANSI Z359.7 Qualification and Verification Testing of Fall Protection Products
ANSI – Z359 Fall Protection Code
ANSI Z359.11 Safety Requirements for Full-Body Harnesses
ANSI Z359.12 Connecting Components for Personal Fall Arrest Systems
ANSI Z359.13 Personal Energy Absorbers and Energy Absorbing Lanyards
ANSI Z359.14Safety Requirements for Self-Retracting Devices for Personal Fall Arrest and Rescue Systems
ANSI Z359.15Safety Safety Requirements for Single Anchor Lifelines and Fall Arresters for Personal Fall Arrest and Rescue Systems
ANSI Z359.16Safety Safety Requirements for Climbing Ladder Fall Arrest Systems
ANSI Z359.18Safety Requirements for Anchorage Connectors for Active Fall Protection Systems
ANSI – Z359 Fall Protection Code, cont’d
Z359.2 Min Reqs for a Comprehensive Managed Fall Protection Program
Published in March
Lots of movement of text with little content changes
Updated Hierarchy of Controls
Removed the construction exclusion
Training is more in line with ANSI/ASSE Z490.1-2016 Criteria
for Accepted Practices in Safety, Health and Environmental
Training
Removed written report requirement
https://ansidotorg.blogspot.com/2017/04/ansiasse-z3592-
2017-fall-protection.html
Z359.2 Min Reqs for a Comprehensive Managed Fall Protection Program
FALL HAZARD HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS
PREVENT OR ELIMINATE EXPOSURE
PASSIVE FALL PROTECTION
ACTIVE FALL PROTECTION SYSTEMS (PPE)
• Travel Restraint
• Fall Arrest
Most Effective
Least Effective
Z359.3 Safety Reqs for Lanyards and Positioning Lanyards
Published in March
Reorganized from a systems standard (Safety Requirements
for Positioning & Travel Restraint Systems) to an equipment
standard (Safety Requirements for Lanyards and Positioning
Lanyards)
Rope adjusters was moved to .15, harnesses to .11 etc
Z359.9 & 12 Descending Devices & Connecting Components
Z359.9 - Anticipated release date is 2018
Z359.12 – Ready for release Q1 2018
Questions?