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R o a d s - t h e a r t e r i e s o f A f r i c a FEEDBACK to RPF November 2004
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FEEDBACK toRPF
November 2004
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CONTENT
• Overview of Conference
• Theme Co-ordinators Summaries
• P Myburgh Summary of CAPSA issues
• Action Plan
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THEME AND FOCUS AREAS
• Theme – Arteries of Africa– To Promote the concept of Roads being necessary to
support development
– Because the whole of Africa is facing a new dawn of development and self evaluation
– To contextualize our technology within the greater socio-political and developmental issues in which it is applied.
• Supported by 4 Theme Areas– 1. Economic Growth and Development - PH
– 2. Efficient Road Provision & Maintenance - BV
– 3. Human Capital Development - EH
– 4. Best Practice in Flexible Pavement Design, Construction & Maintenance - AJvW
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Potential for Development
• Natural Resources
• Minerals - % of World Resources
• Tourism
• Phosphate Rock 55%
• Chromite 80%
• Cobalt 50%
• Diamonds 65%
• Gold 50%
• Manganese 90%
• Platinum Group 90%
• Coal 10%
• Oil & Gas 10%
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How to Support Development
Lack of Continuity
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Technology in Context
Technology
E & THealth
Strategies and TacticsPolicies and Priorities
•Empowerment•Development
Procurement ProcessesAnd Forms of Contract
TitanicSyndrome
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FORMAT
• Request for Papers – more than 100 received - 90% accepted by reviewers
• Bulletins also provided scope to include newer issues or late papers some
• Plenary Sessions• Workshops• Poster Session
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PLENARY SESSIONS
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WORKSHOPS (1)
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WORKSHOPS (2)
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COMMENTS ON FORMAT
• All papers reviewed – some rejected• Bulletins – not reviewed• No parallel sessions
– Some authors disgruntled at not presenting– Moderators summaries generally favourably received
• Parallel Workshops– Mixed Success– The best workshop was the one where the convenor had
taken the time to read the papers, identify issues and pose questions to be addressed in round table discussions.
– The worst workshops were those where the presentations took too much time (mini plenaries)
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COMMENTS ON FORMAT
• Poster Session– Reasonable success where discussions
were stimulated
• Electronic (near paperless)– Not many complaints – Read the Sabita
digest!– Not much use of photocopying facilities– Professional audio-visual contractor
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COMMENTS ON VENUE
• Contained Venue– Not much scope for delegates to
disappear– Opportunities to maximise Interaction
• Good Service from Sun City except for some glitches in hotel booking system
• Expensive - hence many missing on last night – missed a good show!
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MEASURES OF SUCCESS
• Attendance
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Per
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1969 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004
Attendance profile
SA
Afr ex SA
O/seas
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MEASURES OF SUCCESS
• New Roleplayers
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MEASURES OF SUCCESS
• Discussions• Human Interaction• Quality of Presentations
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COMMENTS AND FEEDBACK
• Generally agreed it was a good conference
• The best CAPSA so far?
• Some minor gripes– Cost, – Sun City Hotel booking system
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CONCLUSIONS
• Conclusions– Need to find the right balance between the
author’s need for exposure and the delegates needs for identifying and understanding the key issues
– Reduce size of technical committee but increase early and focused involvement of convener/moderators
– Try to have future conferences at similar venues – possibly cut out midweek break
• CAPSA is still alive and well as The premier road conference in Southern Africa.
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FEEDBACK ON FOCUS AREAS
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Theme 1 – Economic Growth and Development through Roads
• One plenary session, one workshop session
• Plenary• 3 invited papers, 4 refereed papers• 1 bulletin paper• 4 presentations
• Workshop– 2 presentations– 5 questions related to issues identified by
theme papers
Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
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THEME TOPICS
• Regional economic development perspectives– Initiatives to ensure the sustainable road provision in SADC– The concept of SDIs for overall sub-regional economic development.– Principle of subsidiarity!
• Local authority development perspectives– Recent changes in infrastructure planning environment– Linkages of infrastructure planning to road development– Status Quo wrt implementation IDPs– Impacts to development through MIG and EPWP
• Maximisation of poverty alleviation and sustainable development through projects– Necessary preconditions that exist for success– Measurement of success, impact of these projects– Adequate levels of sustainability – Technological case studies including training interventions
Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
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This workshop will address policy, planning and delivery constraints on the provision of transport infrastructure and the supply of roads to match
the political, economic and social needs.
Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Workshop Operation
• 40 delegates around 6 tables
• Two presentations
• Answered 4 of the 5 questions
• Good participation
• 2 hours long
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Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Question 1 - Labour Intensive Projects geared to provide skills, poverty alleviation and distribution of funds in the community
• What are the preconditions for success in poverty
alleviation and sustainable development?– Must have political willingnessMust have political willingness– Must create / have good communicationMust create / have good communication– Community must “buy-in” / take ownershipCommunity must “buy-in” / take ownership– Clearly accept and understand project deliverablesClearly accept and understand project deliverables– Project must be technically acceptable & suited to LICProject must be technically acceptable & suited to LIC– Appropriate technology should be usedAppropriate technology should be used– Experienced project leaders neededExperienced project leaders needed– Requirements should match skills base with availableRequirements should match skills base with available
resources resources– Funding must be adequate & social benefits pricedFunding must be adequate & social benefits priced– Link to integrated development & other projectsLink to integrated development & other projects– Sustainability should be considered (maintenance)Sustainability should be considered (maintenance)
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Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Question 1 - Labour Intensive Projects geared to provide skills, poverty alleviation and distribution of funds in the community
• How should success be measured? Social / Economic / Political?– Proper impact assessment required - before and afterProper impact assessment required - before and after
i.e. Quality of Life baseline surveyi.e. Quality of Life baseline survey
– Address problems of benchmarking social Address problems of benchmarking social improvements eg school attendance , social activities, improvements eg school attendance , social activities, access to health facilitiesaccess to health facilities
– Projects contribution to sustainability, other business Projects contribution to sustainability, other business development & economic growth to be measureddevelopment & economic growth to be measured
– Tools to provide the above not readily availableTools to provide the above not readily available
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Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Question 1 - Labour Intensive Projects geared to provide skills, poverty alleviation and distribution of funds in the community
• Can the current projects be used as business models?– Not adequate, caution until better calibratedNot adequate, caution until better calibrated– Can provide useful starting pointCan provide useful starting point– Have provided good lessonsHave provided good lessons
• Are these transport infrastructure projectssustainable? income transferred? other assets created? promoting empowerment?– Poverty alleviation projects generally short term Poverty alleviation projects generally short term
in naturein nature– Ongoing labour based projects required in all types ofOngoing labour based projects required in all types of
infrastructure projects to retain benefits from the infrastructure projects to retain benefits from the concept concept
– With necessary preconditions then outputs of With necessary preconditions then outputs of sustainability and empowerment will be attained sustainability and empowerment will be attained
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Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Question 2 - With stalled IDP’s can Opportunity Value Assessment (OVA) concepts offer support in underpinning road delivery?
• Is there acceptance of the OVA concepts?• ““We like OVA”We like OVA”• Requires proper weighting of social aspectsRequires proper weighting of social aspects• Need to separate “economic” from “social” roadsNeed to separate “economic” from “social” roads
• What elements should be promoted ?• OVA should be used for all elements of IDPOVA should be used for all elements of IDP• Standards needed for all types of infrastructureStandards needed for all types of infrastructure• Models and economic criteria neededModels and economic criteria needed• Consider link to World Bank “Rural Livelihoods Consider link to World Bank “Rural Livelihoods
Approach”Approach”• What should be done to promote OVA
introduction into road provision policy ?• Promote through industry associations & CAPSAromote through industry associations & CAPSA
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Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Question 3 - Spatial Development Initiatives in SADC require private sector involvement
in corridor development
• What should be done to ensure success in these SDIs & how can the role of the private sector be improved?– There must be government commitmentThere must be government commitment– Policies must be conducive to corridor developmentPolicies must be conducive to corridor development
and integratedand integrated– Suitable manpower must be available to drive the Suitable manpower must be available to drive the
processprocess– Scoping of potential commercial & economic Scoping of potential commercial & economic
developments must be donedevelopments must be done– Routes / corridors must be prioritisedRoutes / corridors must be prioritised– Harmonisation required - axle loads / overload controlHarmonisation required - axle loads / overload control– Non physical barriers should be removed Non physical barriers should be removed
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Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Question 5 - Jo’burg City has embedded transport and roads provision into the goals of
poverty alleviation and improved service provision
• Can Jo’burg’s approach be a useful model to other municipalities in a) planning? b) with a delivery agency? and c) using turnkey procurement?
– Yes to a), b) and c) - but for larger Yes to a), b) and c) - but for larger municipalitiesmunicipalities
• Need to define KPI’s and budgetNeed to define KPI’s and budget• The Roads Agency concept within the municipality The Roads Agency concept within the municipality
has important advantages for deliveryhas important advantages for delivery• Need to get expressions of interest from Need to get expressions of interest from
contractors and engineerscontractors and engineers
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Recommendations to Plenary
• CAPSA should endorse the development of CAPSA should endorse the development of standardised economic models such as standardised economic models such as Opportunity Value Assessment to promote an Opportunity Value Assessment to promote an holistic approach for assessment of holistic approach for assessment of road infrastructure projectsroad infrastructure projects
• Workshop Conclusions need to be noted in Workshop Conclusions need to be noted in project developmentproject development
Economic Growth and Development Through Roads
Workshop Overview
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THEME2: Efficient Road Provision & Maintenance
• One Plenary Session
• 2 Workshops
– Upgrading Gravel Roads
– Performance Based Contracts
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BACKGROUND
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BACKGROUND
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PLENARY CONCLUSIONS
• Sustainability does not only require resources– Institutional Efficiency– Organisational Effectiveness
• Contracting out• Planning and Design Improvements• Improved Data Collection and Analysis
• Performance Based Asset Management and Maintenance (PRAMM)– Reduces Cost and Improves focus– Improves Quality
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Technical ToolsIT, RMS
Accounting SystemsPerformance Measurement
Asset Management Framework
Administrative ArrangementsOrganizational Reform
CompetitionPrivatizationOutsourcing
HR Development
Owners and Customer NeedsOwners Objectives
Supply Chain ManagementUser Requirements
Customer Satisfaction
Business ArrangementsConsultants Appointments
SpecificationsRisk Sharing - PPGS
Lifetime CostingNew Types of Funding
PPP’s
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WORKSHOP 3: GRAVEL ROAD UPGRADING
• 3 Papers and Discussion– Promote Concept by drafting non-technical
addendum to SADC guidelines for decision makers and communities
– Disseminate Guidelines– The lack of Sustainable Maintenance is cause
for concern and processes should be developed that ensure this.
– Driver safety should not be compromised– Road standards should be related to function
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WORKSHOP 7: PERFORMANCE BASED CONTRACTS
• 4 Papers! - and Panel Discussion– SAFCEC’s Mentorship of SMMES and related problems– PPGS project sizes and risk allocation should be
revisited– Concessionaires are becoming comfortable in their role
as “road owners”– The application and use of PRAMM must be aligned to
the realities of SA scene iro SMMEs– Procurement procedures and Project size and Period
need to be revisited– Concession contracts must be optimized to obtain an
equitable balance between • quality and delivery and • between fair compensation and profit taking.
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THEME3: Human Capital Development
• One Plenary Session
– Allyson Lawless – Invited speaker
• 1 Workshop
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PROBLEMS AT SOURCE
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INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM
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KEY FINDINGS
• Tuition Language problems
• Socio-economic situation
• 25% of Maths teachers qualified
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% GRADUATIONS AT TECHNIKONS
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UNIVERSITY GRADUATIONS
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PREFERRED RATIOS
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ACTUAL RATIOS
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RECOMMENDATIONS
• Attract and Develop Young scientists & engineers– Provide good education at all levels– Develop Centres of Excellence– Roads Academy?– Use PPPs that involve academia– Build Digital libraries– Build networks for collaboration– Devise novel funding methods– Promote public awareness– Maintain standards– Provide rewarding and challenging opportunities
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THEME4: Best Practice in Flexible Pavement Design, Construction and
Maintenance
• 4 Sub Themes– Asphalt Technology– Cold Mix Technology– Flexible Pavement Technology– Seals and Thin surfacings
• 4 Plenaries and • 6 Workshops
– Asphalt Research and Design– HSE– Cold in-place recycling– Binder Specs– Surfacing Seals– Construction and Maintenance
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ASPHALT TECHNOLOGY
• Bit spec. problems – not performance based • Bitumen penetration - changes in small samples relative to
large storage volumes• HMA guideline deficiencies
– Compaction not understood– Different rutting tests appear not to be comparable?– Enhancements iro permeability, stripping and deformation
required• The addition of filler needs attention• Protocols for trial mixes need improvement• Aggregate Specs. - review & make provision for poorer
materials in certain circumstances• Payment methods need review to promote quality • Experts are ageing
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COLD MIX TECHNOLOGY
• TG2 Manual deficient – include latest data and curing techniques• No acceptable design method• Quality assurance difficult due to inherent variability and many
specs – need better standard spec.• ITS or UCS – not both• Uniform curing protocol required• Need improved moisture sensitivity and durability tests• Grading influences on FTB vs ETB• Active filler – what is its role?• Compaction in wet areas – FTB preferable?• High RAP content appears to result in poorer performance• Some HVS testing has started to produce answers.• High binder content FTB (4%) shows good performance on LTPP• Differences between behavior and failure mechanisms• Stiffness gains as well as reductions over time!• Can carry heavy traffic
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FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT DESIGN
• SA Mechanistic design – must understand assumptions, variability and must carry out “engineering” – needs review
• Adhesion/bonding of inter-layers has major influence – how to test?
• Soil mechanics neglected and CBR outdated – consider threshold stress, shakedown concepts and possibly Texas Triaxial Test
• Tyre-pavement interface problems and how to model in designs - ESALS and related tyre pressure models need review
• Use of FWD and GPR can provide some answers
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SEALS AND THIN SURFACINGS
• How to obtain traffic design inputs subject to basecourse conditions
• Environmental inputs and modifiers – need LTPP inputs
• Aggregate Specs and other standards need to be reviewed for LVR to ensure appropriateness
• Spatial composition – voids vs texture• Life-cycle costs of alternatives• UTFCs – define cost effectiveness and skid
definitions and modeling?• Punching of aggregate – need appropriate
models for all underlying materials
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Binders
• Binder adhesion tests may not reflect reality• Performance based binder specs – ours need
review• Modified binders can improve performance – how
to test?• Ageing protocols • Quality control procedures iro materials and
workmanship• Need guidelines on fabric reinforcement• Dry-powdered polymer as additive – how to test
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HSE Issues
• Need to clear up legislator perceptions iro hazardous materials
• Go for self regulation
• Rigorous collection of data iro safety
• Manufacturers to take some responsibility
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APT Issues
• Useful • Gautrans APT to focus on
– CIPR– HMA– LVR– Tyre-pavement– Concrete Pavements
• California get positive B/C from HVS usage.
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Construction Issues
• Skills shortages• Filler/binder ratio – influence on compaction• Effect of varying bitumen properties on thin
layers• Flakiness vs cubical aggregates• Binder modification for thin layers?• Deep compaction difficulties• Compaction requirements for UTLS• Joint construction• Rideability• Appropriate Surfacings
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CAPSA
From 1969 into the future
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Conference attributes
1. Attendance (Already Discussed)
2. Technical content• Papers and presentations• Structure and programme• Contextualising
3. Outputs• Outcomes, conclusions, recommendations• Implementation – value added to future
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Advancing technology
1. Analytical design methods and performance modelling (first
hinted at in 1969 but advanced significantly in 1974 and 1979);
2. PMS from 1974 but gaining momentum in 1979 and virtually
completed systems reported on in 1984
3. Testing accuracy and quality management (1969 through to
quality management in 1979)
4. Maintenance Management covering:• surveillance procedures and• diagnostic descriptors of pavement condition. (1974)
5. Noise reduction and safe surfaces (1974)
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Advancing technology/cont…
6. Construction methods and procedures, e.g. drum mixers and vibratory compaction (since 1974)
7. Awareness of the road user being the customer (since 1969) and VOC’s as part of the equation of total cost (1989).
8. Analytical and empirical overlay design methods (from 1979) with analytical design packages for PC’s. (1989)
9. Routine design methods for recycling of bituminous materials (1979)
10. Pavement evaluation and design of rehabilitation (1989)
11. Use and application of modified binders (notably bitumen-rubber) (1989)
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Advancing technology/cont…
16. Impact deflection surveillance techniques. (1989)
17. Focus on aligning technology to support the RDP (1994)– Employment creation and empowerment
– Education and training in appropriate technology
18. Innovation through certification and performance specifications (1994).
19. Road ownership, financing and management options, skills development and employment creation (“empowerment technology”) (1999)
20. Concepts of non-linearity, rheology, anisotropy and interface effects for use in analytical design procedures (1999)
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Standing items
• Variability and risk
• Health, safety and the environment
• Design of HMA
• Structural design of pavements
• Construction and delivery
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Variability and risk
• 1969 van der Merwe– the most important (problem with the use of
naturally occurring … materials) is their inherent and high degree of variability. (Therefore) engineers should insist on the gradual introduction of (probability theory).
• 1969 Monismith – ..the scatter of results is very great in fatigue
testing. Thus … the fatigue life of a material can truly be represented only as a distribution of values for individual specimens.
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Variability and risk/cont …
• 1974 Hudson– The consideration of variations associated
with flexible pavement properties and design models through a probabilistic approach has been … proven to be implementable into daily operations of a state highway department.
• 1984 Hugo– With respect to risk it has been shown that
tools are available to take account of variation in material and other parameters. Despite this we still have developmental work to do before the calculations can be done with … confidence
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Variability and risk/cont …
• 1994 Molenaar– (Pavement) performance is dependant on
• The stress level and the variations therein.• The strength level and the variations therein…
• 1999 Jooste – Development of an accurate response model
without the adequate definition of input variables is analogous to using a very expensive and accurate rifle without learning how to shoot.
• 1999 Strauss – … the inadequacy in the design construction
and maintenance process to … define and quantify risk…
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Health safety and environment
• 1969 Beatty – Air pollution and dust control, which is a great problem
in most areas of the world, is either here with you in SA … or will be very shortly.
• 1974 Rigden– (On the petroleum crisis) “But the need to conserve
petroleum products goes much further. How can we justify the continued use of cut-back bitumens with their wasteful evaporation and loss of precious volatile fractions?”
• 1974 Millard – The energy crisis has at least for the time being chased
noise and other forms of traffic pollution from the headlines. But … it is likely that our concern to reduce traffic noise will continue, even become more intense.
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HSE/cont …
• 1974 Terrell (On drum mixers)– Mass viscosity (ease of handling) of the mix at 100C
with 2% water is similar to a conventional mix at 150 C.• 1974 Crawford
– Tar is carcinogenic and presents definite handling hazards to the paving crew.
• 1979 R Mitchell– … more than half of the operators in contact with (road
tar) spraying suffer with skin irritations and spraying personnel have to be selected to handle tar from a minority that do not so suffer.
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Design of HMA
• 1969 F Hugo– The Marshall method of compaction does not
produce a mix structure equivalent to the in-situ sample on the road after several years of traffic.
• 1969 Krchma– … so when we don’t get a compaction in the
laboratory corresponding to that in the field, the mix design is not appropriate.
• 1979 Monismith– The general tendency is that, as you move from
Arizona to northern Canada, you would move for e.g. from … a 40/50 pen up to perhaps a 200/300 pen. The softer the bitumen, the better … the stress relaxation characteristics.
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Design of HMA/cont …
• 1979 Acott– Despite vastly increased knowledge of the
behaviour of pavement structural systems … we are still using the empirical Marshall test for designing and controlling asphalt mixes.
• 1984 Brown– On the basis of extensive testing on a wide
range of standard and modified bitumen mixes, (we conclude that):
• Resistance to permanent deformation depends strongly on aggregate grading and is not influenced by the grade of binder;
• The Marshall stability test is not capable of distinguishing the relative deformation resistance of mixes.
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Design of HMA/cont …
• 1999 Jooste – Although (Marshall stability and flow are) widely
purported to be empirical design parameters there is actually little evidence to link these indicators to HMA performance.
• 1999 Van de Ven– A sound understanding of spatial composition is
necessary to predict the effects of changes (in traffic loading and new materials).
• 1969 Rigden– The challenge remains to develop a method which will
properly account for traffic loading, material properties, local conditions (environment) and relevant for the entire scope of wheel loads and wheel load combinations.
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Structural design of pavements
• 1969 Brown– Although the validity of using linear elastic
theory for pavement analysis is not entirely proven … and although the calculations may not be exact, it is an attempt to solve the problem ... and...
• 1969 Grant– Linear elastic layer theory gave an inaccurate
prediction of where cracking would occur...
• 1969 Brown– The only attempt to prevent shear failure in
current design procedures is to specify a minimum CBR
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Structural design/cont …
• 1979 Ishai (on load equivalency factors)– Many methods … for determining load equivalency
factors … are independent of or insensitive to important factors:
• axle load• wheel configuration• pavement type• number of applications
• 1979 Monismith– There are still problems with the proper definition of
fatigue criteria and it is necessary to depend on empirical correlations (shifts). In addition, it is possible that the maximum tensile strain may not occur on the underside of the layer, but at some other location.
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Structural design/cont …
• 1979 DJ van Vuuren (on accelerated pavement testing)– Although traffic stresses may not be
influenced by increasing the rate of trafficking, stresses caused by environmental conditions may not have time to develop (and) ageing and self-healing of bituminous mixtures must not be lost sight of.
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Construction and delivery
• 1969 Holzbach– The responsibility for proper quality control
can either taken by the road authority or the contractor. In a developing country like SA both should share the responsibility.
• 1969 Perry (Limmer & Trinidad Asphalt Co.)– 100 – 200mm thick lifts (of asphalt) are
commonplace in the USA and Germany – resulting in higher densities than in lifts of up to 75mm.
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Construction and delivery/cont…
• 1969 Hindle (on staged construction)– Another challenge of the (19)70’s is to determine how
little we can get away with right now to carry present and immediate future traffic, such as we can come along later and strengthen the pavements without having damaged the initial work to the extent of having lost it.
• 1969 Mackintosh– Overloading has become a matter of national urgency.
An expression of opinion should come from this conference, in the form of a resolution, saying that we view the situation with grave concern.
• 1984 Floor– Where low vehicle counts exist, a road or work on a
road could still be justified economically by a thorough examination of the distributional effects of the work
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Construction and delivery/cont…
• 1994 Negota
– Our roads must serve to underpin not only the creation of wealth, but should also serve to assist the actual distribution of it.
• 1994 Bonnot– To evaluate this durability or performance, the
client will use the Avis Technique (Advisory on Technical Assessments)
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The gaps
• Coming to grips with variability in our design processes and developing a stochastic approach to the outputs of our relatively complex analytical methods
• Continued use of coal tar, notwithstanding it being a proven carcinogen to humans and its adverse effects on the environment.
• Dogged adherence to the Marshall method for preparing laboratory samples
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Marshall
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The gaps/cont …
• Reliance on binder hardness, rather than aggregate structure to combat permanent deformation
• Spatial composition (rather than mass based particle size distribution) as a descriptor of the building blocks of an asphalt layer.
• A single load equivalency model, notwithstanding a wide array of pavement types, axle distributions and tyre contact configurations
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The gaps/cont …
• Accounting for environmental impacts on long term pavement behaviour in our APT programmes.
• Equitable apportionment of risk through the adoption of performance warranties.
• Ad hoc technology for the design of low volume roads
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Why?
• No need to change while leaders in our field have advised us to do so?
• Matters too complex (given the degree of sophistication we apply regularly)?
• Are institutions of learning sensitised to the deficiencies in our armour?
• No continuum of driving energy?
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Concluding remarks
• Conference identity
• Delegate profile
• Conference structure
• Research and development
• Conference cycle
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Conference identity
• Merger of road related conferences? • Conference scope
– Innovate and shape technology to serve society
– Address:• road user needs, • economic modeling• Social impacts• Worker safety and environmental
conservation
– Technology should be contextualised
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Conference structure
• Curtayne (1984)– It is illuminating to trace the history of
the development through the proceedings of these conferences
• Moderators employed in ’69, 84, 99– More structured recording of the
proceedings
• Proceedings should ideally capture the discussion and debate
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Research and development
• Rigden (1974)– “A national research organisation,
financed partly by Parliamentary vote, is a national asset, provided its programmes and objectives are related to national needs and development strategies”
– We have fallen behind Europe - do we have the capacity to redress it?
- do we have a measure of the extent?
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Research and development/cont…
0
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40
50
60
R (
mill
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1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
SA Research Investment
Real 2003
Current
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Research and development/cont…
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60
70
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90
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
CSIR Transportek HR
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Research and development/cont…
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20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1969 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004
Relative contribution to research papers
Foreign
SA
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Conference cycles
• 5 year cycle adopted to tie in with ICAP• 2004 – 20 events on pavement engineering• ICAP and E&E Congress now 4 yearly competing events
(exc. annual meetings):– 3rd E&E Congress Vienna– World of Asphalt, Nashville USA– 5th RILEM, Limoges France– 5th PIARC Symposium on Pavement Surface Characteristics,
Toronto Canada– International Conference on the Design And Construction of
Long Lasting Asphalt Pavements, Auburn USA– Second International Conference on Accelerated Pavement
Testing, Minneapolis USA– 3rd International Symposium on Asphalt Emulsion
Technology, Washington DC
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Following CAPSA’s
• Adopt a 4 year cycle starting at…
• 2007
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Bridging the gaps
• Need for providing continuity to the energy generated at the conferences:– Implementing outputs and directives– Providing focus to the gaps– Definition of development and research
programmes
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After the conference
• Resolutions (operations based)– BMLC/RPF
• Gaps– Lack of driving engine– Declining support for research– Focal point for career development– Abdication by road owners to develop
and nurture collective wisdom
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Role of Sabita and partners
• 1979 Peter Faure: – Perhaps one could look at SABTA as an
ongoing CAPSA – a body to bridge the gap between 5 yearly conferences.
• Since 1987 – 23 manuals (15 with direct links to CAPSA discussion and debate)
• AsAc – (JV CSIR – Sabita)• SAT – founded by Sabita in 1994
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Summary
1. For 35 years now CAPSA has added value the intellect and long may it continue to do so.
2. Refurbished RPF and revised AsAc programmes to advance our competency by providing continuity
3. Support for development of more appropriate economic utility functions and fashioning our standards and technology to low volume roads.
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Summary/cont …
4. Consider 4-year cycle with next conference in 2007
5. Moderators for plenaries and continue with workshops, with early focus to convenors and topic guidance from moderators
6. Support for identification of national research and development needs and the rationalisation of programmes
7. Future conferences to continue to cover HSE in the interests of sustainability of our actions and deeds
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ACTION PLAN
• Problem of lack of continuity
• CAPSA04 raised more issues than it presented solutions
• What do we do about them?
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Sabita Strategic Plan
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AsAc
• Continue to develop courses?
• Any other focus areas?
• Roads Academy?
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APT Steering Committee
• Asphalt
• FTB & ETB
• LVR
• Concrete
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Road Authorities
• Systemic Problems• TRH12 update in progress• Gautrans HVS Programme• SADC Issues• Research Advisory Panel
– P Hendricks
• Organisations and Operations• Procurement Methods – CIDB?• Asset Management
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BASIC EDUCATION
• School Level?
• Technikons
• Universities
• Special Focus Areas?
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HOW TO SUSTAIN DEVELOPMENT
• Role of the RPF and CAPSA?
• Quo Vadis?
