INSIDE:

2 The Search for Ext ra Dimensions

6 Gordon KaneÕs New Book

8 High-Energy Exerc ise

14 No More Tata Non Grata

F E R M I L A B A U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F E N E R G Y L A B O R A T O R Y

F N E E R W M S I

Volume 23

Friday, April 28, 2000

Number 8

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BRANES are big right now.

TheyÕre the vibrating membranes that superstring theorists, including

FermilabÕs Joe Lykken, have invented over the last five years to describe

how our familiar three-dimensional universe might fit into a multidimensional

Òmegaverse,Ó one with as many as 11Ñcount Ôem!Ñdimensions, most of

them so curled and compactified that we havenÕt detected them here on

our own little dimensionally challenged 3-D brane.

Superstring theory, with its branes, strings and extra dimensions, represents

one consistent way to achieve physicistsÕ long-cherished goal of unifying the

theory of gravityÑEinsteinÕs theory of general relativityÑand the Standard

ModelÑthe well-thumbed playbook of particle physics that gives us the

electromagnetic, weak and strong forces.

Best of allÑalmost too good to be true from a particle physics labÕs point of

viewÑsuperstring theory is testable by experiment. DZeroÕs Greg Landsberg,

a Fermilab user from Brown University, explains the hunt for evidence of

extra dimensions at his experiment at FermilabÕs Tevatron.

by Greg Landsberg

Extra dimensions? What extra dimensions? East is east, and west is west,the Bronx is up and the BatteryÕs down. North by Northwest. South. Extradimensions? DonÕt we have enough already?

In fact, we do not really know how many dimensions our world has. From our current observations, all we know is that the world around us is at least3+1-dimensional. (The fourth dimension is time. While time is different fromthe familiar spatial dimensions, Lorentz and Einstein showed at the beginningof the 20th century that space and time are intrinsically related.) The idea of additional spatial dimensions comes from string theory, the only self-consistent quantum theory of gravity so far. This theory tells us that aconsistent description of gravity requires more than 3+1 dimensions, and that indeed the world around us could have up to 11 spatial dimensions.

2 FERMINEWS April 28, 2000

The Search for Extra Dimensions

DZeroÕs Greg Landsberg, curled up if not compactified,in Robert WilsonÕs sculpture, ÒM�bius Strip.Ó

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FERMINEWS April 28, 2000 3

ELEVEN? HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE? If extra dimensions exist, we do not feel them inour everyday life because they are very differentfrom the three dimensions we know. According tosuperstring theory, it is possible that our world isÔpinnedÕ to a 3-dimensional sheet (a so-calledÒbraneÓ) that is itself located in a higher-dimensional space.

Imagine an ant crawling on a sheet of paper. For the ant, the ÒuniverseÓ is for all intents andpurposes two-dimensional, since it cannot leavethe surface of the paper. The ant knows north fromsouth and east from west, but up and down haveno meaning as long as it has to stay on the paper.In much the same way, we may be restrained to athree-dimensional world that is in fact part of amore complicated multidimensional universe.

Theorists tell us that these extra spatial dimensions, if they exist, are curled up, or Òcompactified.Ó In the example with the ant, we could imagine rolling the sheet of paper to form a cylinder. If the ant crawled in the direction of curvature, it would eventually come back to the point where it startedÑan example of a compactified dimension. If the ant crawled in a direction parallel to the length of the cylinder, it would never come back to the same point(assuming a cylinder so long so that the ant never reaches the edge)Ñan example of a ÒflatÓdimension. According to superstring theory, we livein a universe where our three familiar dimensions

of space are Òflat,Óbut there are additional

dimensions, curled up sotightly so they have an extremely

small radius: 10-30 cm or less.

Does it matter to us if the universe has more thanthree spatial dimensions, if we cannot feel them? In fact, fascinatingly, we might actually ÒfeelÓ theseextra dimensions through their effect on gravity.While the forces that hold our world together (the electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions)are constrained to the 3+1 ÒflatÓ dimensions, the gravitational interaction occupies the entireÒmegaverse,Ó allowing it to feel the effects of extradimensions. However, since gravity is a very weakforce and the radius of extra dimensions is tiny, it would be extremely hard to see any effectsÑunless there is some kind of mechanism thatamplifies the gravitational interaction. Just such a mechanism was recently proposed by theoristsNima Arkani-Hamed of SLAC, Savas Dimopoulos

Does DZero Have Branes?R

M.C. EscherÕs ÒM�bius Strip IIÓ © 2000 Cordon Art B.V.-Baarn-Holland. All rights reserved.

M.C. EscherÕs ÒRelativityÓ © 2000 Cordon Art B.V.-Baarn-Holland. All rights reserved.

4 FERMINEWS April 28, 2000

at Stanford and Georgi Dvali of New YorkUniversity. They realized that the extra dimensionsmight be as large as one millimeter and still havebeen overlooked in experimentalistsÕ quest for theunderstanding of how the universe works.

If the extra dimensions were indeed as large as a millimeter, the laws of gravity would be modified at distances comparable to the size of the extradimensions. Why, then, donÕt we see such an effect in experiments?

We know very well how gravity works for largedistances (NewtonÕs famous law says that thegravitational force between two bodies decreases as the square of distance between them). However,no one has tested how well this works for distancesless than about 1 mm. It is complicated to studygravitational interactions at small distances.Objects positioned so close to each other must bevery small and very light, making their gravitationalinteractions also small and hard to detect. Althougha new generation of gravitational experiments to

probe NewtonÕs law at short distances (up to a fewmicrons) is under way, our current knowledge ofgravity stops at distances of about 1 mm. We do not know whether there are, or are not, possibleextra dimensions smaller than 1 mm.

HEREÕS WHERE DZERO COMES IN

So far so good, but what does this have to do withparticle physics and FermilabÕs DZero experiment?In fact, there is a direct connection. The particlesthat we accelerate at Fermilab are very energetic,and we can easily probe distances as small as 10-19 cm by studying the products of their collisions.The bad news is that, because the particles inthese collisions are so light, the gravitationalinteraction between them is extremely weak. The good news is that, in the theory proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali, thegravitational interaction is greatly enhanced if thecolliding particles have a high enough energy. Thisenhancement is due to the so-called ÒKalusa-KleinÓmodes of the gravitonÑthe gravitational forcecarrierÑin which the graviton winds around thecompactified extra dimensions. If the graviton wereenergetic enough, it could travelÑÒwindÓ its wayÑaround the compactified dimensions many times.Each time it wound around, it would give rise to a small gravitational force between the collidingparticles. If the graviton made enough revolutionsaround the curled extra dimensions, the gravita-tional interaction would be tremendously enhanced.

As the highest energy particle accelerator in theworld, the Tevatron is the perfect place to look forextra dimensions: the higher the colliding particleenergy, the stronger the expected enhancement of the gravitational interaction. Physicists workingat DZero have looked for the effects of gravita-tional interactions between pairs of electrons or photons produced in high-energy collisions. If thegravitational interaction between the two electronsor two photons were large enough, the propertiesof such a final-state system would be modified. There would be more pairs produced at high two-body masses, and the angular distribution of theseparticles would be more uniform than expected ifgravity were weak enough to be ignored.

Does DZero Have Branes?

The Search for Extra DimensionsO R

FERMINEWS April 28, 2000 5

When DZero experimenters carefully analyzed thedata they collected in 1992-1996, they found nosuch enhancements. The data agree very well withthe predictions from known physics processes, andthe gravitational interaction does not seem to playany significant role at the energies that we are ableto reach. No evidence for branes has been foundat DZero so far.

WEÕVE ONLY JUST BEGUN

Although DZero experimenters have not seen extradimensions, they were able to set stricter limits ontheir size than those set so far by gravitationalexperiments or accelerator experiments at lowerenergy machines. These new limits also placesignificant constraints on Arkani-Hamed,Dimopoulos and DvaliÕs theory.

The search for extra dimensions is not over. In fact, it has only just begun. Our colleaguesacross the ring at DZeroÕs sister experiment, CDF, are searching their data for evidence of extradimensions, and we look forward to their results.The collaborations are looking for the effects of extra dimensions in collisions that producedifferent types of particles, such as quarks. They are also seeking events where gravitons are produced in the collisions and then leave ourthree-dimensional world, traveling off into one ofthe other dimensions. Such a departure wouldcause an apparent nonconservation of energy fromthe point of view of our three-dimensional world.

With the next Tevatron run scheduled to start in 2001 and likely to deliver 200 times the datapresently accumulated, FermilabÕs colliderexperiments will have a significantly extendedsensitivity to large extra dimensions. They might very well see them!

If they are not so lucky, the next generation LargeHadron Collider now being built at CERN in Europewill allow physicists to probe the theory of largeextra dimensions and either find them or show that the idea is wrong. But we will have to wait six more years or so, before we learn that.

According to superstring theory, our world may be pinned to a three-dimensional

ÒbraneÓ within a multidimensional universe. In high-energy particle collisions,

gravitons winding around the extra dimensions might create a detectable link

between our brane and the megaverse.

Space T

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Our universe

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The triumph of discovering the top quark atFermilab was inversely proportional to its surprisevalue.

Theory told us it was there, and how it wouldbehave. We knew we would find itÑknew we HAD to find itÑand many of us delighted in havingan explanation ready when curious, non-physicistfriends asked the question they thought wouldstump us before the discovery.

ÒSo, letÕs see if IÕve got this straight,Ó their challenge might begin. ÒPeople atFermilab are smashing protons and antiprotons together to try to make topquarks. Nobody has ever seen one of these top quarks, and yet you say youare absolutely sure they exist. Why?Ó

The best answer lies in the symmetries of the equations of the StandardModel of elementary particles and forces, the foundation of modern particlephysics. One particular symmetry, called Òweak isospin,Ó requires that someequations donÕt change if the symbol used to represent each particle isexchanged with one belonging to a partner particle. The up and down quarksare partners of each other; so are the strange and charm quarks. Every quarkmust have its own partner, or the mathematics of the Standard Model wouldfall apart. The Standard Model was so well-tested in many other ways thatthis was inconceivable. Thus, the undiscovered partner of the bottom quark,the top quark, simply HAD to exist.

This was hardly the first time that a symmetry had insisted on predicting a new particle. In one of the earliest examples, Dirac used the relativisticsymmetries of space and time to make the stunning prediction that theelectron must have a partner. The positron was soon discovered.

In his new book ÒSupersymmetry,Ó University of Michigan physics professorGordon Kane uses these examples and other arguments to show how wemight anticipate the next great discoveries. In clear language aimed at a wideaudience, he explains what supersymmetry is, why many particle physicistsbelieve in it, how to look for it, and what a successful hunt might bring home.

Supersymmetry is a particularly ambitious cousin of the known symmetries.Like weak isospin, it predicts that every fundamental particle has a newpartner, called a superpartner. The revolutionary, or Òsuper,Ó part is that thesuperpartners must carry different amounts of spin. No other symmetry dares to do such a thing, because particles with different spins donÕt seem to behave much like each other.

Reviewed by Steve Martin

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SUSY:

Steve Martin is assistant

professor of physics at

Northern Illinois University

W e KNOWIt’s There …ÒSupersymmetry: Unveiling the Ultimate Laws of NatureÓ

by Gordon Kane,with Foreword by Edward Witten (Perseus Publishing,hardcover, 224pp.,$26.00, ISBN: 0738202037)

Also by Gordon Kane:

Perspectives on Supersymmetry (1998)

The Particle Garden: Our Universe as

Understood by Particle Physicists (1996)

Perspectives in Higgs Physics:

Reviews and Speculations (1993)

Modern Elementary Particle Physics:

The Fundamental Particles and Forces (1993)

Verification of Testing Limitations on

New Strategic Systems (1985)

FERMINEWS April 28, 2000 7

Circumstantial evidence yields the only clues tosuperpartners, and not all particle physicists areconvinced they exist, as they were about the topquark. Still, as Kane explains, ÒSupersymmetry isnow a sufficiently mature area, and sufficientlyclose to confirmation... that a wider understandingof its content and implications is both possible andworthwhile.Ó And he illustrates why many particletheorists have fallen in love with supersymmetry asthe preferred pathway beyond the Standard Model.

Kane reviews the Standard Model with specialattention to puzzles that point towardssupersymmetryÑincluding the Higgs boson,postulated as the source of mass, the next greatquest for particle physicists. He explains that thetiny length scales at which a Higgs boson would be important are actually huge compared to thelength scales where gravity produces strongquantum effects. Without supersymmetry, thisappears to be very odd; these two important lengthscales are hard to separate in the equations. Withsupersymmetry, pairs of superpartners can easilyconspire to allow the two length scales to be asdifferent as they indeed are.

All the superpartner particles (ÒsparticlesÓ) areintroduced next, with such whimsical-soundingnames as squark, slepton, photino, and Wino(ÒWee-noÓ). Using easy-to-understand diagrams,Kane offers a guide to some of their habits andpersonalities. There is a specific, but not technical,discussion of how we expect supersymmetricparticles to be produced in colliders, and how the results of their decays are detected. Kaneclearly explains how to tell the resulting eventsapart from those produced by known particles. Not surprisingly, Fermilab plays a central role here,and Kane strongly makes the point that this is agreat place to discover superpartners, if they exist.Kane even extends an invitation to visit Fermilab,complete with photographs. Kane also argueseloquently for the value of future projects and the necessity of funding them.

What will we learn if supersymmetry is found?Among other possibilities, Kane proposessupersymmetry as a solution to the dark matter problem. He is not afraid to point out that supersymmetry provokes some challenges of its own. He argues, however, that discoveringsparticles may help us to get at what he calls theÒprimary theory.Ó This is an insightful (and sensible)term for what others have called the Òtheory ofeverythingÓ (slightly grandiose, considering itdoesnÕt address the behavior of complex systems)or the Òfinal theoryÓ (unnecessarily bleak). Whiletests of a primary theory will be possible, it isnÕt so clear that anything like decisive tests will beforthcoming, so I found this part of the book to be especially provocative.

For nearly two decades, Kane has been anenthusiastic advocate for taking sparticles seriouslyin experimental physics, not always a popularposition. For the first ten years or so after itsproposal in the early 1970Õs, supersymmetry waswidely regarded as a theoretical plaything. Kanerecalls those days when theory research fundswere granted (to others) with a strict condition that they NOT be spent on investigatingsupersymmetry.

Whether or not supersymmetry wins finalvindication within the decade to come, KaneÕs book will remain a readable and fascinatingaccount of how physicists make educated guesses and test them.

Or Do We?Gordon Kane couples blackboard work with a classic random number generator,

the dart board. ÒBut occasionally, we paste various peopleÕs faces on it,Ó he admits.

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If youÕre a proton, it takes about 2.5x10-13 joules to accelerate once aroundthe TevatronÕs four-mile ring. If youÕre a person in jogging shoes, it takesconsiderably more energyÑabout billion billion times more. Nevertheless,every day at FermilabÕs lunch hour, in winter and summer, in bitter cold orbroiling heat, the Tevatron becomes one of the worldÕs more unusual exercisetracks, as walkers, joggers, bikers and rollerbladers join the protons andantiprotons in circling the highest-energy accelerator on earth. The protonsare underground, of course, and they move faster than the people. In theend, though, for people and protons alike, it all comes down to physics.

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HIGH-ENERGYHIGH-ENERGY

HIGH-ENERGYEXERCISE

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May 17 is National Employee Health & Fitness Day 2000

Fermilab and Wellness Works will join organizationsacross the country in celebrating National EmployeeHealth & Fitness Day 2000, the largest worksitehealth and fitness observance in the United States.

The National Association of GovernorÕs Councils onPhysical Fitness and Sports has designated May 17,2000, as the official national health observance.Millions of employees will observe the 12th annualevent with worksite walks or special activities duringthe workday.

Wellness Works again will sponsor this yearÕs eventon Wednesday, May 17 from 11:30-1:00 on RingRoad. Beginning at A1, employees are invited to walk,run or rollerblade around the ring. Participants sign inat a table at A1, where they pick up their ticket and abottle of water. Stations set up around the ring willoffer games to play, prizes to win and cheers ofencouragement. The Division or Section with thelargest percentage of participation will win the coveted traveling trophy, defended by last yearÕswinner, Laboratory Services. Plan to circle the Ring on May 17.

While they say their careers largely run a smooth parallel to those of theirmale colleagues, women engineers also know the everyday effects of beingoutnumbered in a traditionally male profession.

ÒIÕve tried to hire female engineers for our group, but itÕs difficult to find them,Ósays Elaine McCluskey of FermilabÕs Facilities Engineering Services Section.ÒWeÕre looking for a few good female engineers to join our group.Ó

ÒThereÕs no real network of women engineers yet,Ó says Emanuela Barzi ofthe Technical DivisionÕs Development and Test Department. ÒIf there weremore of us, we could support each other more.Ó

In a 1999 survey, the National Science Foundation found women wereamong groups ÒunderrepresentedÓ in science and engineering. The NSF saidwomen made up 50 percent of the population between the ages of 18 and30, but earned just 36 percent of the doctorates awarded in science andengineering.

McCluskey remembers her engineering classes at Washington University inSt. Louis having a 20 percent female enrollment. Chris Ader, of the BeamsDivisionÕs Mechanical Support Department, remembers being the only femalestudent in most of her engineering classes at Illinois Institute of Technology.Fermilab data for 1999 show women making up 11.9 percent of engineeringphysicists, 9.5 percent of physicists, and 4.3 percent of electrical andmechanical engineers.

But if female engineers are outnumbered in the Fermilab environment, a sampling shows their responsibilities are far from subordinate.

Ader, for example, is assembling components of the stochastic coolingsystem for the Antiproton Recycler, a critical component in the labÕs goal of greatly extending its experimental reach in Collider Run II of the Tevatronbeginning in 2001. Barzi, who has lived in Italy and Belgium, is in charge of the superconductor research and development effort for high-fieldsuperconducting magnets.

Mayling Wong, of the Particle Physics DivisionÕs Engineering and TechnicalTeams, has been instrumental in the design and construction of the CerenkovLuminosity Counter, which must fit into a cramped space as part of the CDFdetector upgrade for Run II. And McCluskey is in charge of the extensivestructural renovations to Wilson Hall, the labÕs headquarters building as well as its renowned symbol.

McCluskey, the mother of two children, cites the Òfamily-friendlyÓ atmosphereat Fermilab. She describes it as a lab-wide outlook that makes families andchildren feel welcome, and enables parents to feel comfortable aboutbalancing their work and family responsibilitiesÑincluding that dreaded mid-day call from school that a child is ill.

by Mike Perricone

10 FERMINEWS April 28, 2000

EngineersWOMENOutnumbered But Undaunted

Fermilab

wins Golden

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Cover : Mayling Wong, of

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Engineering and Technical Teams.

FERMINEWS April 28, 2000 11

In fact, the lab has a long history of family support,establishing childcare facilities in the 1970s, duringits earliest days. The attention to the quality of lifefor employees extends to summer camp for kids,and fitness facilities, wellness programs andreferral services for employees, in addition to anoverriding concern with science education. Andwith nature trails, ponds, restored prairie lands and good birdwatching on its 6,800 acres, the labfunctions as a recreational area for surroundingcommunitiesÑand for the families of itsemployees.

If those qualities sound distinctive, the Society ofWomen Engineers strongly agrees. The societyÕsChicago regional chapter presented its fourthannual Golden Family Award to Fermilab on April14, recognizing the lab for Òoutstanding support of family issues.Ó Wong, an active member of theprofessional society, nominated the lab for the

award, which has previously been won by suchnoted companies as Motorola and LucentTechnologies.

ÒI was a little amazed that we won because of thatlevel of competition,Ó says Kay Van Vreede, headof FermilabÕs Lab Services Section. ÒWeÕre veryhappy because this is recognition from a group thatwe really want to bring into the lab. We need morewomen engineers. And we find that family supportis the kind of non-traditional issue important tojobseekers todayÑand important to retainingpeople in their jobs.

ÒThe lab has actually had these non-traditionalbenefits for a long time,Ó she continued, Òand theymight not have seemed as valuable as they reallyare. As we were putting together our application,we realized that a lot of things we have here at the lab are extraordinary.Ó

Chris Ader is assembling components of the stochastic cooling system for the Antiproton Recycler, a critical component in the labÕs

goal of greatly extending its experimental reach in Collider Run II of the Tevatron beginning in 2001.P

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There was another significant event on April 14, in Washington, D.C.: President Clinton nominatedProf. Mildred Spiewak Dresselhaus, InstituteProfessor of Electrical Engineering and Physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, as thenext director of the Department of EnergyÕs Officeof Science.

The appointment might be symbolic of changingtimes, because the NSF studies on under-representation have also indicated that the number of science and engineering bachelorÕsdegrees awarded to women grew by 36 percentbetween 1985 and 1995. And if Wong, Barzi, Ader and McCluskey are a representative sample,the key influences in developing an interest inengineering are little different for women fromthose for men.

McCluskeyÕs father was an electrical engineeringprofessor at Washington University in St. Louis. She grew up with a knack for crafting things with

her hands (though not many male engineers arelikely to speak proudly as she does of sewing herown prom dress without working from a pattern). In her undergraduate days at Carleton College inMinnesota, watching the day-by-day construction of a new building for the Geology Departmentconvinced her that civil engineering was to be her lifeÕs work.

Ader remembers gravitating toward her fatherworking on cars in the family garage. He hadbecome an auto-body man after finishing highschool. But from the first time he saw her showingan interest and getting her hands dirty, he encour-aged his daughter to follow her mechanical skills asfar as she could in school and college. Which shedid, with the help of a scholarship from the Societyof Women Engineers. She withstood her motherÕsraised eyebrows in her younger years.

ÒMy mother was worried about me being tomboyish,Óshe recalls.

Now sheÕs gotten her husband, amechanical engineer, interested inclassic cars. And together they arerestoring her own classic, a 1965Mustang. Ader is amused that many people are startled at learningthat she likes to weld, but says thereÕsnothing startling about the acceptancethat she and her work have receivedin three years at Fermilab.

Barzi says that although her fatherencouraged her towards arts andliterature, which she also loves, her natural inclination has alwaysbeen towards physics, math andtechnology. She adds: ÒThe fact thatduring high school I loved playing the piano did not reduce my drive for science.Ó

Wong, a mechanical engineer, liked to take things apart when she was a child (ÒI wasnÕt so good at putting them back together,Ó she admits), andtaking apart a hairdryer introduced her to the wonders of electricity. Asstudents, her parents had emigrated

EngineersWOMEN

Elaine McCluskey of FESS is in charge of the extensive structural renovations to Wilson Hall,

the labÕs headquarters building as well as its renowned symbol.

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FERMINEWS April 28, 2000 13

from China to the suburbs of Chicago, where she was born and raised. Her father was a civilengineer spending a lot of time on the road, but he always encouraged her, even offering tutoringby phone for physics homework.

Then it was on to the University of Illinois, majoringin biology, but she found she was more interestedin the lab equipment than in the experiments. Shegot her masterÕs in mechanical engineering fromCase-Western Reserve University, joining the labthree years ago.

ÒItÕs always my hope to be accepted for my work,and not to be set apart because I am a woman,Óshe says. ÒI always have technical questions, butso many people here are so willing to share theirexperience and their point of view. Fermilab has a vast wealth of technical knowledge amongengineers, machinists and technicians. IÕve felt very comfortable in this setting. ItÕs been great.Ó

The surroundings arenÕt so congenial everywhere.McCluskey remembers early in her career thatdespite ready acceptance from her professionalcolleagues, she sometimes experienced rudecomments and behavior from construction workers.Barzi bristled at the challenge of a family memberthat she could never withstand the rigors oftechnical studies at ItalyÕs University of Pisa. When she got there, she found that she and other female students often received what they felt were unfairly low grades.

ÒBut I was self-confident enough to refuse thosegrades, which is something you can do in Italy ifyou want to prove that you have been under-evaluated,Ó she says.

Refusing the grades meant retaking the exams,which she did successfully enough to earn Laureadegrees at Pisa in both engineering and physics.She came to Fermilab with a fellowship in 1994 forher physics thesis in di-boson production at CDF.

ÒThere is much more formal respect for femaleprofessionals here,Ó she says, after three years asan engineer in the Technical Division. ÒThis is avery good working environment. There is moreconsciousness of diversity, and there is regulartraining in these areas, and maybe that is why.Ó

Their numbers may be growing in universitystudies, as the NSF studies show, but womenengineers know the importance of intangiblesÑand helpÑin a non-traditional field. Barziemphasizes the importance of confidence towomen setting out in science and technologycareers. Ader is proud that her father encouragedher both to work with cars and take her educationas far as she could. McCluskey is grateful for theprofessional mentors who helped her career. Wongwishes she had pressed her teachers for moreattention in school.

ÒYoung girls start off strong in science, but for some reason they back off in junior high and highschool,Ó she says. ÒI know I was reluctant to ask for help. I would encourage young girls to askquestions, to ask for help, to get a teacher to sit down one-on-one and explain things. If one teacher wonÕt, then ask another teacher.Ó

Wong has one more piece of advice for a girlinterested in science and technology.

ÒIf thatÕs what you want to do,Ó she says, Òthen go for it. Go for it one hundred percent.Ó

Emanuela Barzi, who has degrees in both engineering and physics from ItalyÕs University of Pisa,

has worked in research and development for high-field superconducting magnets.

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No More

TATANon Grata

Earlier this month, Physicist Naba Mondal, of IndiaÕs Tata Institute ofFundamental Research, joined DZero colleague and Fermilab physicist Tom Diehl in commissioning activities for the detectorÕs central muon Òcosmic capÓ scintillation counters. For 18 months, Tata scientists, who built the scintillation counters, were unable to install and test their half-million-dollar instrumentation system at Fermilab because of diplomatic sanctionslevied against Indian scientific institutions in the wake of IndiaÕs 1998 nuclearweapons tests. In December, 1999, the U.S. Department of Commerceremoved Tata Institute from the list of banned scientific institutions, in a move described as Òa consensus decision by the Administration to moretightly focus the sanctions on those Indian entities most directly involvedÓ in the weapons activities. More of MondalÕs Tata colleagues will return toDZero this summer. Welcome back, Tata!

by Judy Jackson

14 FERMINEWS April 28, 2000

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FERMINEWS April 28, 2000 15

MUSICE=MC2/ E=eclectic; M=music; C=comeone, come all! Come join us for a weeklygathering of Fermi folks and friends onThursday nights at The Users Center inThe Piano Room!!! We have begun anacoustic Òopen styleÓ sing around. Anyonewho plays an instrument, enjoys singingand/or listening to music is welcome. We are trying to keep the group asÒunpluggedÓ as possible in order toaccommodate everyone.Our goal is tomake everyone feel welcome. We meet at5:30pm to maybe 9:00 pm on Thursdays.Contact DENNIS OSTROWSKI X4389LDP 630-314-4024 or ostrowski@fnal.gov.

INTERNATIONAL FILM SOCIETYMAY 12: Paths of Glory (Dir: StanleyKubrick, USA, 1957, 86 min.)ÑKubrickÕsfourth film, considered one of his best, is a masterful, classic anti-war film about thefutility and irony of the war in the trenchesin World War I. Ramsey Auditorium, 8:00p.m. Admission $4 ($2 for Fermilab gradstudents, $1 for children under 12.) Call630-840-8000 / 2156 / 5042 or go towww.fnal.gov/culture/film_society.html/.

BARN DANCESAll dances are taught and people of allages and experience levels are welcome.Admission is $5, children under 12 are free (12-18 $2). The Fermilab Folk Clubsponsors the dance. For more information,contact Lynn Garren x2061garren@fnal.gov or Dave Harding x2971 harding@fnal.gov, or seehttp://www.fnal.gov/orgs/folkclub/

CALENDAR Web site for Fermilab events: http://www.fnal.gov/faw/events.html

FERMINEWS is published by FermilabÕs Office of Public Affairs.

Design and Illustration: Performance Graphics

Photography: FermilabÕs Visual Media Services

The deadline for the Friday, May 12, 2000,issue is Tuesday, May 2, 2000. Please sendclassified advertisements and story ideas by mail to the Public Affairs Office MS 206,Fermilab, P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, or by e-mail to ferminews@fnal.gov. Lettersfrom readers are welcome. Please includeyour name and daytime phone number.

Fermilab is operated by UniversitiesResearch Association, Inc., undercontract with the U.S. Department of Energy.

F E R M I L A B

A U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F E N E R G Y L A B O R A T O R YF N E E R W M S I

LUNCHWEDNESDAY, MAY 3

Blackened Catfish Filletswith Watercress Sauce

Red Beans and Rice

Pecan Chocolate Tart

DINNERTHURSDAY, MAY 4

Salad Niciose

Pork Tenderloin with Marsala Sauce

Egg Noodles with Dill

Vegetable of the Season

Peach Cardinale

LUNCHWEDNESDAY, MAY 10Grilled Beef, Vegetables and

Rice Noodle Salad

Oriental Fruit Coupe

DINNERTHURSDAY, MAY 11

Grilled Squid

Veal with Capers and Lemon

Tomato Risotto

Julienne of Zucchini

Vanilla Custard with Strawberriesin Grand Marnier

FOR RESERVATIONS, CALL X4512CAKES FOR SPECIAL OCCASIONS

DIETARY RESTRICTIONS

CONTACT TITA, X3524HTTP://WWW.FNAL.GOV/FAW/EVENTS/MENUS.HTML

LUNCH SERVED FROM

11:30 A.M. TO 1 P.M.$8/PERSON

DINNER SERVED AT 7 P.M.$20/PERSON

ONGOINGNALWO is pleased to announce the free morning English classes in the UsersÕCenter for FNAL guests, visitors, and theirspouses have been expanded; The newschedule is: Monday and Thursday,9:30am - 11am beginners (Music Room)and intermediates (Library) Monday andThursday, 11am - 12:30pm advanced,emphasizing pronunciation and Americanidioms (Music Room)

NALWO coffee for newcomers & visitorsevery Thursday at the UsersÕ Center,10:30-12, children welcome. In theauditorium, International folk dancing,Thursday, 7:30-10 p.m., call Mady, (630) 584-0825; NALWO (NatÕl. AcceleratorLaboratory WomenÕs Organization)cordially invites all women associated with the lab (users, guests, employees,spouses) to the Annual Spring Tea, Fridaymorning May 12, 2000 from ten oÕclockuntil noon at the lovely Warrenville home ofJanine Tollestrup. If you can, please bringa favorite dessert or appetizer to share.For additional information and directions,please contact Rose Moore, 208-9309 or Sue Mendelsohn, 840-5059 ormendel@fnal.gov or Selitha Raja, 305-7769

CORRECTION

Fermilab Director Emeritus andNobel laureate Leon Lederman was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1965, a fact omittedfrom a story about James Cronin inthe previous issue of FERMINEWS(ÒCronin Puts Medal of ScienceRight to Work,Ó Vol. 23, No. 7, April14, 2000). Robert R. Wilson andNorman Ramsey were correctlylisted among former medal winnersin the story. FERMINEWS regretsthe error.

First-Class MailU.S. Postage

P A I DBartlett, IL

Permit No. 125

F E R M I L A BA U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F E N E R G Y L A B O R A T O R Y

Office of Public Affairs

P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510

f

http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/public_affairs/ferminews/

CLASSIFIEDSFOR SALE■ Õ99 Harley Davidson Sportster Custom XL883C (Black) 3,000 miles has a windshield, forward controls, saddle bagbrackets and a touring seat. Asking $7,500contact Terry X4572 skweres@fnal.gov orJanine at none2compare@yahoo.com.■ Õ99 Goldwing SE (Silver), 11K Miles,with extras. Price lowered to $1,500 lessthan Kelley Blue Book (3/27/00 $16,500),asking $15,000 Excellent condition, andruns great. Markland receiver hitch and (5 pin) OEM trailer wiring kit, Marklandfloorboards, foam grips and extrawindshield. Also two headsets for theintercom, one full-face helmet model andone that can be used either on a full-faceor open-face. Still has 2 yrs on originalwarranty (unlimited miles) as of Nov. 5.Can get another 3 yrs extended (unlimitedmiles). Call Terry X4572 or e-mailskweres@fnal.gov■ Õ96 Dodge Neon Highline, 4 dr sedan,bright blue, cute, clean and well-maintained, auto, a/c, p/s, AM/FM cass, air bags, 104k, $4,600 or best offer. Hank x8105 or glass@fnal.gov.■ Õ94 Mazda Prot�g�e, 4dr sedan, 102k,automatic trans, AM/FM cassette, verygood condition, new muffler and tubing,$3600. Call Valeri Evdokimov, x2785 or e-mail evdokimov@fnal.gov.■ Õ90 Ford Taurus GL wagon (blue) -under 80K miles, original owner, auto,loaded with options: A/C, power door locks, windows, and drivers seat,aluminum wheels, 3rd seat, rear windowdefroster/wiper, cruise control, luggagerack, AM/FM stereo tape. Good condition.$3700 obo. Simon Kwan x2329 or e-mailswalk@fnal.gov.

■ Õ89 Olds Cutlass, 130K miles, 4dr, auto, air, CD, good tires and brakes. Not pretty, but reliable and runs well. $700 / obo Call Ryan, 879-1898 orcasper1377@yahoo.com■ Briggs & Stratton engine, 20Ó blade.Runs fine, Mulches only. $20 o.b.o. e-mail bellanto@fnal.gov.■ 36Ó lawn roller $50 6Ó bench grinder withtwo wheels 1/3 HP $25 Heavy duty dogrun 10Õ X 11Õ X 6ÕH $100 Double divideddog run with two doors 12Õ X 8ÕX 5ÕH $200 (630) 753-0278■ Roper Gas Stove (white) $60.00 andRoper built-in Dishwasher $40.00. Both in very good condition. Call Gene at(630)897-0263.■ Chicago Old Town School of Folk Music tickets: Special Consensus - 25th Anniversary concert (Bluegrass) -Saturday 5/6, 2 tickets ($17 each). Contact Roni at (630)548-4955.■ 2-weeks time share at Acapulco/PuertoVallarta/Mazatlan, 1-bedroom unit/sleeps4-6 appraised @ $ 15.9 K. Call Duke @(815)372-2368 evenings after 7:00PM &/or anytime weekends.■ Mobile Home: Located in Calumet City.2 bedroom, 1.5 bath, all paneled. Newfurnace, A/C. Moving out of state. $6,000OBO. Call: 708-862-5711.

SPORT FISHING■ Great Lake Michigan Sport Fishing viaKing Olaf Charters. We specialize in multi-boat charters. All equipment provided. CallCaptain Bill Penn 630-554-3155 (day) or 630-554-3828 (evenings) for moreinformation.

HOUSE■ Riverside property with 2 story, 5 roomhouse, large bathroom, 2 enclosedporches, central air conditioning, anddetached 2.5 car garage. Located in thehistoric section of Geneva across fromWheeler Park, within walking distance from train station and downtown shopping.Year-round views of the Fox River in abeautiful garden setting with patio andgoldfish pond. Asking $178,500. Seephotos at http://members.dsl.telocity.com/~erik/house.html/ . Contact erik@fnal.gov,or call 630-840-6416.

MOVING SALE■ Machinist TOOLS, CannondaleBike,GAS Barbecue Grill and many otheritems call (630) 897-6642

BIBLE STUDY■ The 12 oÕclock (noon) Bible Study willcontinues its one-year survey of the Bibleon Wednesdays in the Huddle located in the cross gallery. If interested contactJeff Ruffin x4432, or ruffin@fnal.gov.

WANTED■ Bicycle, call 840-4794 or 8196.■ Moderate size refrigerator and lawnmower for young couple starting inapartment. Call Larry at 4386 or e-mailallen@fnal.gov.

LAWN CARE■ Mowing, trimming weed control andfertilizing. Self-owned, in business for 11 years. Aurora and Batavia areas only.Call 630-859-3789 or rtreend@aol.com.

BORNLeAnna Nicole Thrasher, March 24th to Billy and Donna Thrasher(Communications Center)

Bison calf, April 17, 2000

MILESTONESHONOREDGerald Blazey, named PresidentialResearch Professor, Northern IllinoisUniversity

RETIRINGJames Harder, ID 1615, March 31

Thomas Larson, ID 588, Beams Division,April 28

Fred Randazzo, ID 2005, FES-OP-Mechanical, effective May 1

Ruth Christ, ID 2109, Lab ServicesSection, May 12