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BOSTON UNIVERSITY INSTRUCTIONAL

INNOVATION CONFERENCEFriday, March 2, 2012

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Presented By:

Mark S. Ferriero, BA, DDS, MAGD

Clinical Associate ProfessorBoston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental

MedicineDepartment of General Dentistry

ferriero@bu.edu

mailto:ferriero@bu.edumailto:ferriero@bu.edu

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Purely objective exams (e.g. case-based or context-freeMCQs) have been a constant, a staple in education for

decades. In clinically-oriented educationalenvironments (e.g. medical, dental, pharmacy, PT),

additional/adjunct testing styles are quite beneficial,even necessary for success. OSCE (Objective

Structured Clinical Examination) testing, in one formor another, has been used in medical school educationworldwide for over 100 years. In dental education, this

style of exam has been used predominantly in thestudy of Gross Anatomy. Students are asked

questions based on visual cues or markers on humancadavers (e.g. "Identify this nerve." or "What is the

insertion point of this muscle?"). In recent years, dentaleducation has benefited greatly from the OSCE.

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By way of definition, style and design explanation,example, and Q & A, I propose to enlighten/inspire other

educators in this testing medium. There is much to belearned through correctly processing and responding, in atimed fashion, to simple visual, multi-media, and media-

like cues/information/stimuli (e.g. an X-ray, a song, aphlebotomy video, a painting, National Licensure Testingquestion). I have been using the OSCE for over 6 years inmy Pre-Doctoral Occlusioncourse in the dental school with

much positive feedback. Students' resultant clinical

comprehension and NDBE (National Dental BoardExamination) success in this discipline have greatlyimproved. The National Dental Examining Board of

Canada (NDEB) utilizes the OSCE as 50% of its licensureexamination. OSCEs can be administered & evaluated on

the web (e.g. Blackboard 8)

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Candidates are assessed using exactlythe same stations or cues with the samemarking scheme. Candidates getmarks/points for each step that theyperform/answer correctly. This makesthe assessment of clinical skills moreobjective rather than subjective.

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Stations/cues have specific tasks.Where simulated patients are used,detailed scripts are provided to allcandidates, including emotional data.Instructions are carefully written/spokento ensure that candidates are givenspecific tasks to complete or questions toanswer. The OSCE is carefully designedto include all elements of the curriculum.

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An OSCE is designed to applyclinical and theoreticalknowledge. Where theoreticalknowledge is required,questions are standardized.

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An OSCE is a modern type of examination

often used in the health sciences (e.g.

medicine, chiropractic, PT, radiography,nursing, pharmacy, dentistry) to test clinicalskill performance and competence in skills

such as communication, clinicalexamination, medical procedures,prescription-writing, manipulation

techniques, and interpretation of results.

DEFINITION:

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6

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ONLY 5% of Pharmacy Students in the

USA take OSCE Prep Study Courses!

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An OS comprises a series of short, timedstations or visual cues. Candidates respondobjectively. All candidates take the same exam.This is an improvement over traditional examsbecause stations are standardized enablingfairer comparison. Complex procedures,techniques, etc. can be assessed withoutendangering patients if applicable) or requiringthe use of multiple cues.

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Which of the following is the most likely anatomicalstructure/diagnosis for the radiographic entity shown?

A. Normal toothB. Developing root apex

C. Hypercementosis

D. Tooth fracture

E. Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia

F. Complex Odontoma

G. Dens invaginatus/dens-in-dente

H. Ameloblastoma

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WHAT MANDIBULAR

POSITION IS

SEEN IN THESE FULL

DENTURES?

1. IDENTIFY THIS PIECEOF EQUIPMENT.

2. LIST 3 OF ITS USES.

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ADEA

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All indicators point to the validity, efficacy, andeven necessity of the OSCE as a critically

important, versatile evaluation tool in clinicalsciences & other arenas of education. An OSCE

comprises 50% of the National Dental &Pharmacy Boards of Canada. The State ofMinnesota now accepts the NDEB of Canada for

dental licensure. Nonetheless, OSCEs seem

mysterious and under-utilized. CompetencyBased Education (CBE), as indicated by theADEA, is predicated on their stylized and

integrated use.

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