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Basic Level English CourseSeptember 4th, 2010
The Simple Present Tense
To talk about routines, or true statements in general, using the Simple Present tense.
Hablar de rutinas, o afirmaciones verdaderas en general, usando el tiempo Presente Simple
PERSONAL PRONOUNS SIMPLE PRESENT VERBS
I You He She It We You They
do/have/walk/watch do/have/walk/watch does/has/walks/watches does/has/walks/watches does/has/walks/watches do/have/walk/watch do/have/walk/watch do/have/walk/watch
IT’S USED TO TALK ABOUT TRUE STATEMENTS IN GENERAL
IT’S USED TO TALK ABOUT THINGS THAT HAPPEN EVERY DAY OR AS A ROUTINE
I have a car. The sun rises in the
East. The sun sets in the
West
Denice and I go to work by bus.
I get up at 5:00 AM every day.
Denice goes to the gym on Mondays and Wednesdays.
S = /S/
Take – Takes
walk – walks
Speak – Speaks ----------Voiceless finalconsonants:No vibration invocal chordsPronounce theplural /S/
S = /Z/
Live – Lives
Go – Goes
Carry – Carries
Read - Reads----------Voiced final consonant :Vowel sounds (a,e,i,o,u):Vibration in vocal chordsPronounce the plural /Z/
S = /IZ/
Watch – Watches
Use – Uses
Close – Closes----------Sibilant final sounds (s,z,sh,ch,x…sounds):Pronounce an extra syllablePronounce the plural /IZ/
Irregular Pronunciation
Do – Does
Say – Says
Have – Has----------Some verbs haveirregular pronunciation
Grammar Notes:1. doesn’t = does not/don’t = do not2. BASE FORM = SIMPLE FORM of the
Verb3. For negative sentences and
questions in the Simple Present Tense, the auxiliary verbs DO/DOES play the 3rd Person Singular function, and the MAIN VERBS remain in their BASE FORMS
4. For questions (YES/NO or WH-Questions), there is SUBJECT/VERB inversion. This time the auxiliary verbs DO/DOES are placed first, and the SUBJECT (Roger/You) follows them. The MAIN VERBS follow the SUBJECT (Roger/You). They remain in the BASE FORM (†)
Notas Gramaticales:1. doesn’t = does not/don’t = do not2. FORMA BASE = FORMA SIMPLE del
verbo3. Para oraciones negativas y
preguntas en el Presente Simple, los auxiliares DO/DOES hacen la función de la 3ra Persona Singular, y los VERBOS PRINCIPALES permanecen en su FORMA BASE
4. Para preguntas (YES/NO or WH-Questions), hay una inversión de SUJETO/VERBO. Esta vez, los verbos auxiliares DO/DOES se colocan primero, y el SUJETO (Roger/You) los siguen. Los VERBOS PRINCIPALES siguen a los SUJETOS (Roger/You). Estos permanecen en su FORMA BASE (†)
Examples/Ejemplos
Affirmative Sentences: Roger works at night You study on weekdays
Negative Sentences: Roger doesn’t work in the morning (†) You don’t study on weekends (†)
Yes/No Questions & Short Answers: Does Roger work every day? (†)
Yes, he does/No, he doesn’t Do you study at the university? (†)
Yes, I do/No, I don’t WH-Questions (Information Questions):
What does Roger do at night? (†) He works at night What do you study on weekdays? (†) I study Medicine at San Marcos
Examples/Ejemplos
Conversation/ Conversación
Roger: Let’s go to the movies on Saturday?Sylvester: Ok, but not too late. I get up early on weekdays, I work all day, and sleeplate. I have to take it easy…You know...Roger: What time do you go to bed on Saturday? Sylverster: At nine o’ clockRoger: Oh, that’s early. I go to bed atmidnight.Sylvester: Do you have dinner late?Roger: Yeah, I do, but let’s go to an early movie in the afternoon (…let’s say “The Expendables…”), have dinner at Chili’s at six o’ clock, and we go home early.Sylvester: Yeah…Let’s do that…!!!
Note:early = Tempranolate = Tardelet’s + VERB = Vamos a + VERBOyou know… = Tu sabes…too = muy/también
Conversation Conversación
You: Let’s go to…on…Your friend: Ok, but…You: What time do you…?