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Fight corruption

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Fight to curb corruption through vigilance Social reformer Anna Hazare attended the first meeting of the joint committee of ministers and civil society leaders set up to draft the anti-graft Lokpal Bill. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has said that the bill will be introduced in the monsoon session of parliament. Hazare and the Lokpal drafting
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Page 1: Fight corruption

Fight to curb corruption through vigilance

Social reformer Anna Hazare attended the first

meeting of the joint committee of ministers and civil

society leaders set up to draft the anti-graft Lokpal

Bill. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has said that

the bill will be introduced in the monsoon session

of parliament.

Hazare and the Lokpal drafting

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GLOBAL PHENOMENON:

Corruption is anti-poor

N. Vittal

For us in India, corruption has been an age-old phenomenon. Chanakya is supposed to have said in the Arthashastra that there are 40 different methods by which public officials can indulge in corruption. "The Mahamatras are like fish. Does one know, when the fish is drinking water?" he is supposed to have said.

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• As we look ahead to the next 10 to 15 years,

what is it that we can hope for on the corruption

front?

• It is very easy to be pessimistic. The pessimist

can always argue that corruption has always

been with us like the poor and it is a global

phenomenon.

• Nevertheless, the fact is that while corruption is

a global phenomenon, we have seen countries

which were corrupt, reforming themselves and

getting the benefits of corruption-free, good

governance in our own lifetime. Singapore is a

classic example.

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silver linings in the dark clouds

India can come out of the perennial trap of corruption and

move ahead. There are silver linings in the dark clouds of

corruption haunting us today. The Supreme Court judgment

which forced candidates in elections to declare their

criminal records, educational qualification and wealth while

filing their nomination. The degree of transparency sought

to be brought about by the Supreme Court is the first step

in our long journey to fight political corruption.

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silver linings in the dark clouds

Use of information technology in the railway reservation

system gave enormous relief and benefited the travelling

public every day. The use of electronic voting machines in

the General Election has reduced significantly the scope for

corruption and malpractices in the election process. The

passing of the Right to Information Act is a healthy

development. These developments show that we can move

systematically towards a cleaner environment in public life.

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Societal values

The degree of corruption in any organization or society depends

on three factors. The first is the individual sense of values. The

second is the value cherished by society and the third, of course,

is the system of governance.

Thanks to modernization and the tremendous impact of satellite

television and the media and the policy of liberalization, we are

seeing the vigorous growth of the consumer culture.

Lifestyle has become very important. What we can do is to at

least see that certain basic values like integrity, honesty and

compassion are inculcated.

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Certificate of good conduct & character

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If we want India to become less corrupt, we must ensure that

moral values are inducted. For a set of social values, opinion

makers in society have to become role models. Every

professional association can uphold ethics and codes of

conduct, and thereby build role models and benchmarks for

guiding society. We must redesign our system of governance

to check corruption.

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Adopting this strategy, we can definitely see India becoming a less

corrupt, progressive and developed country in the next 10 to 15

years.

Om Shanti! Shanti! Shanti

Sanskrit

(Let us come together. Let

us enjoy together. Let our

strengths come together.

Let us move from

darkness to light. Let us

avoid the poison of

misunderstanding and

hatred. That way lies

progress.)

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Sahana vavatu Sahanau

Bhunaktu, Saha Viryam

kara va vahai, Tejas vina

maditha vastu, Ma vidh

visha vahai

Om Shanti! Shanti! Shanti

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We shall overcome wrong trends.

Quotes from

Yoga Vasishta,

Hind Swaraj and

Anna Hazare

Selflessness, integrity, objectivity, accountability,

openness, honesty and leadership by example —

should form the standards for holding public office.

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five major players

We must redesign our

system of governance to

check corruption.

Corruption today is a

game in which five

major players are

involved. They are the

corrupt:

the corrupt politicians,

the corrupt

bureaucrats,

the corrupt

businessmen,

the corrupt NGOs and

criminals.

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There is need to re-examine our culture, which has

normalised corruption in its many different forms. We in

India need to acknowledge the need for introspection on

our acceptance of the abuse of power.

The ―Seven Nolan Principles of Public Life‖ — selflessness,

integrity, objectivity, accountability, openness, honesty and

leadership by example — should form the standards for

holding public office. There should be regular and

independent reviews of individual and organisational

functioning. The challenge is to inspire and change

individuals and to transcend and transform societal norms.

(K.S. Jacob, Professor of Psychiatry at the Christian

Medical College, Vellore.)

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Self-control, O Rama, is the best remedy for all physical and

mental ills. When there is self-control, even the food you eat

tastes better, else it tastes bitter. He who wears the armour

of self-control is not harmed by sorrow.

He who even while hearing, touching, seeing, smelling and

tasting what is regarded as pleasant and unpleasant, is

neither elated nor depressed — he is self-controlled.

He who looks upon all beings with equal vision, having

brought under control the sensations of pleasure and pain,

is self-controlled. He who though living amongst all is

unaffected by them, neither feels elated nor hates, even as

one is during sleep — he is self-controlled.

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Inquiry (the second gate-keeper to liberation,

Vichara) should be undertaken by an intelligence

that has been purified by a close study of the

scripture, and this inquiry should be unbroken.

By such inquiry the intelligence becomes

keen and is able to realize the supreme;

hence inquiry alone is the best remedy for

the long-lasting illness known as the life cycle

world (samsara.)

Means of liberation

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Satsanga (company of wise, holy and

enlightened persons) is yet another gatekeeper

to liberation. Satsanga enlarges one‘s

intelligence, destroys one‘s ignorance and

one‘s psychological distress. Whatever be the

cost, however difficult it may be, whatever

obstacles may stand in its way, satsanga should

never be neglected. For, satsanga alone is

one‘s light on the path of life. Satsanga is

indeed superior to all other forms of religious

practices like charity, austerity, pilgrimages and

the performance of religious rites. 20

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TYPOLOGY OF CORRUPTION,

Analyse, Act and realize swaraj

Gandhi & hind swaraj

Anna Hazare & rural self-help

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Corruption is defined as the use of public

office for private gains

Scales of corruption can be Grand, Middling or Petty and payment of bribes can be due to collusion between the bribe taker and the bribe giver, due to coercion or even anticipatory.

Existence of corruption implies that there are corrupt people, there are also corrupt practices, and there is a corrupt system.

Therefore, all the three have to be fought simultaneously to eliminate the vice of corruption.

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The concept of Citizen Charters has been introduced to

improve the quality of public services. It ensures

accountability, transparency and quality of services provided

by various government organistions. It enables citizens to

avail of services with minimum hassle, in reasonable time,

and at a minimum cost.

Effective implementation of Citizens Charters will go a long

way in controlling corruption. The Government of India has

launched an ambitious programme for formulation and

implementation of Citizens Charters in all government

departments. 23

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"We are responsible for what

we are, and whatever we wish

ourselves to be, we have the

power to make ourselves. If

what we are now has been the

result of our own past actions,

it certainly follows that

whatever we wish to be in

future can be produced by our

present actions; so we have to

know how to act. "

-- Swami Vivekananda

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Anna Hazare says

Over every huge tree that we see over ground, there always is

a seed that had submerged itself into the darkness of the

soil.

Ban on consumption and sale of alcohol lays the foundation

of rural development.

It is impossible to change the village without transforming

the individual. Similarly it is impossible to transform the

country without changing its villages.

If villages are to develop, politics have to be kept out.

Education without spirituality cannot help development.

In the process of rural development, social and economic

development should go hand in hand

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Anna Hazare says

• The work of social transformation is neither

easy nor impossible.

The ultimate goal of all politics and social

work should be the upliftment of society and

of the nation.

Educational institutions are not enough to

make good citizens, every home should

become an educational center.

Indulgence causes disease whereas

sacrifice leads to accomplishment.

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Selflessness, integrity, objectivity, accountability,

openness, honesty and leadership by example

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… What we mean and want through

Poorna Swaraj ……is an awakening

among the masses, a knowledge

among them of their true interest

and ability to serve that interest

against the whole world, …..

harmony, freedom from aggression

from within or without, and a

progressive improvement in the

economic condition of the masses…

(Young India, 18-6-1931, p. 147)

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The public can call its servants to account –M K Gandhi

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Mahatma Gandhi: (60 years ago)

Corruption will be out one

day, however much one

may try to conceal it.

The public can, as its right

and duty, in very case of

justifiable suspicion, call

its servants to strict

account, dismiss them,

sue them in a

law court or appoint an

arbitrator or inspector

to scrutinize their

conduct, as it likes.

(civil society asks 4

Ombudsman)

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• The pilgrimage to Swaraj is a painful climb. It

requires attention to details.

• It means vast organizing ability, it means

penetration into the villages solely for the service

of the villagers.

• In other words, it means national education, i.e.,

education of the masses.

• It means an awakening of national consciousness

among the masses.

• It will not spring like the magician‘s mango.

• It will grow almost unperceived like the banyan

tree.

• A bloody revolution will never perform the trick.

• Haste here is most certainly waste. 30

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Hind Swaraj: Indian Home Rule -

M. K. Gandhi (1909) But whether India may be ripe for it or not, it is best for

Indians to study the seminal book which contains the

ultimate logical conclusion of the acceptance of the twin

principles of Truth and Non-violence, and then decide

whether these principles should be accepted.

“Perhaps there are no other people in the world who show

so much in their characters the advantageous effects of

their own civilisation. They are shrewd in business, acute

in reasoning, thrifty, religious, sober, charitable, obedient

to parents, referential to old age, amiable, law abiding,

compassionate towards the helpless, and patient under

suffering.” That observation was made in 1883 __Why are

we „corrupt‟ today?

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Hind Swaraj and Mohandas Gandhi

Social reform, self-purification and politics were

inseparable in Gandhi‘s view; the discourse of

self-purification and social reform had to become a

public, mass debate, it had to be articulated within

the political realm. An attempt to ―see beauty‖ in

voluntary simplicity, voluntary poverty and

slowness; it is the enunciation, in other words of a

different aesthetic that rejects the narrative of

progress and modernity.

Hind Swaraj, Gandhi seems to be suggesting, should be

read as a poem and Gandhi as a poet, in the great tradition

of classical dramas.

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The Gandhian intervention was not merely an

intervention in the specifics of the Indian political

conjuncture at different critical moments; it was an

intervention through which a certain ―elemental

experience‖ of epic proportions spoke out. It may

have found its voices through the persons of a

Thoreau, Ruskin or a Tolstoy, but it was the

Gandhian / Hazare intervention that provided them

the modality of manifestation and expression. 33

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voluntary simplicity, voluntary poverty…

I do not think any one can beat me in my passion

for guarding and expending public money like a

miser. The reason is: Public money belongs to the

poor public of India than whom there is none

poorer on earth.

- Young India: April 16, 1931

A public fund becomes public property and

therefore every member of the public is entitled to

know in detail the administration of such funds.

- Young India: Feb. 24,1927

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This repeated desire to reconnect with nature – of which

Human beings are but one part – underlines what is probably

the most fundamental part of Gandhi‘s critique of modernity.

Through this he seems to be repeatedly telling us that we have

strayed too far from ―home‖.

In staging this philosophical encounter between modernity (or

―modern‖ or ―industrial civilisation‖, as he calls it) and its

other/s, Gandhi makes it very clear that it is not the colonised

/ globalised who suffers from some ―lack‖ but rather, the

colonising /globalising and ‗imperialist‘ power that is afflicted.

With the disease that is modern civilisation, [Globalisation?] he

also makes it clear that this modern civilisation has not merely

colonised others outside its domain, it has also destroyed

forms of life within its domain.

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Through Truth And Nonviolence

If we wish to achieve Swaraj through truth and non-

violence, gradual but steady building-up from the

bottom upwards by constructive effort is the only

way.

This rules out the deliberate creation of an

anarchical state for the overthrow of the

established order in the hope of throwing up from

within a dictator who would rule with a rod of iron

and produce order out disorder.

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Genius Of Our Civilization

My Swaraj is to keep intact the genius of our civilization. I want to write many new thing but they must be all written on the Indian slate. I would gladly borrow from the West when I can return the amount with decent interest.

If Swaraj was not meant to civilize us, and to purify and stabilize our civilization, it would be worth nothing. The very essence of our civilization is that we give a paramount place to morality in all our affairs, public or private.

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Gandhi: about education

By education I mean an all-round drawing out of the best in

the child and man- body, mind and spirit.

Literacy is not the end of education nor even the beginning.

It is only one of the means whereby man and woman can

be educated.

Literacy in itself is no education. I would therefore begin

the child's education by teaching it a useful handicraft and

enabling it to produce from the moment it begins its

training.....

My NAI TALIM is not dependent on money. The running

expenses should come from the educational process itself.

Whatever the criticisms may be, I know that the only

education is that which is 'self-supporting'.

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THE ANCIENT aphorism, 'Education is that which

liberates' is as true today as it was before.

Education here does not mean mere spiritual

knowledge, nor does liberation signify only

spiritual liberation after death. Knowledge

includes all training that is useful for the service

of mankind and liberation means freedom from

all manner of servitude even in the present life.

Servitude is of two kinds: slavery to domination

from outside and to one's own artificial needs.

The knowledge acquired in the pursuit of this

ideal alone constitutes true study.

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We get what Government we deserve. When we

improve, the Government is also bound to

improve. Only when we improve can we attain

swaraj. - Young India: Nov. 10, 1920.

The swaraj that I dream of will be a possibility

when the nation is free to make its choice of both

good and evil and not be good at the dictation of

an irresponsible, insolent and godless

bureaucracy. - Young India: Dec. 08, 1920.

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Estrangement, disenchantment and a certain loss of

connection with humanity‘s fundamental relationship to

nature seem to be constant concerns in Gandhi‘s

dramatisation of the modern predicament. Ahimsa or non-

violence is therefore often explicated by him, as a way of re-

establishing that connection.

It seems that his hope was that a big mass ―nationalist‖

movement of peasants and artisans would make it possible

to reverse the processes of mechanisation and factory

production, as more and more people could be inspired to

produce for their own consumption.

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• An analysis was conducted by Transparency India in

2007 to identify possible gaps between the UN

Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) and the legal

and institutional framework in place in the country.

• The report confirmed the good quality of the legal

framework against corruption in India, with existing

legislation in line with most of the requirements of the

UNCAC. The largest – and almost only - substantial

gap was identified by the report in the area of

whistleblower protection.

• Law enforcement, however, remains weak, suggesting

a lack of political will to effectively address corruption

challenges in the country.

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Today policy failure is writ large and

governance is failing all around. This is due to

the growth in size of the black economy from

about 4 % of GDP in 1955-56 to the present

50 %.

The implication is that illegality in the country

has grown and touches almost every activity.

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Is honesty divisible among financial social

and political matters? Can one be financially

be honest but dishonest in other spheres? Is

it honesty when when scams are allowed to

take place but one personally does not take

any money? Honesty is not just individual but

systemic and if the number of scams grow in

size and numbers, can the head of the

government escape responsibility given the

huge social and political consequences?

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…..a break … READ some fiction

• Claims and allegations

• Allegations ?

• Money laundering

• Convictions and court-cases

• Enquiry, letter rogatory ?

• found empty !

fictional account

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TO ELIMINATE BLACK ECONOMY NOW

Money laundering story from an unknown country

of a distant planet. This fictional account

illustrates possibilities of tax havens and

generation of black money that harms the

country‘s economy. Tackling this needs services

of bunch of Sherlock Holmeses.

fictional account

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Story from a country of a distant planet……

49 fictional account

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50 fictional account

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51 fictional account

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52 fictional account

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53 fictional account

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National Magazine

From the publishers

of fiction

ECONOMIC OFFENCES

Dealing with dirty money

The alarming growth in the volume of money-

laundering and its links with other crimes, including

the illicit trade in narcotics, have made it a major

planet level problem. [Story Ends]

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Intelligentsia's Initiative

A group of 14 citizens addressed an ‗Open letter' to political leaders

expressing alarm at the ‗governance deficit; in government, business

and institutions. Among several urgent steps needed, said the group',

the most critical was to make the investigation agencies and law-

enforcing bodies independent of the Executive'. The group included

grey eminences such as Mr Azim Premji, Mr Bimal Jalan, Mr Deepak

Parekh, Mr N. Vaghul, Justices Mr Virava and Mr Sri Krishna, Mr

Malegam and Professor A.Vaidyanathan.

Agencies such as the Central Bureau of Investigations, Enforcement

Directorate and the Indian Revenue Service are all under the control of

government departments.

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Again Gandhi in ‘Hind Swaraj’

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What do you think could have been the

intention of those farseeing ancestors of ours

who established Setubandha (Rameshwar) in

the South, Jagannath in the East and Hardwar

in the North as places of pilgrimage? They

knew that worship of God could have been

performed just as well at home. They taught

us that those whose hearts were aglow with

righteousness had the Ganges in their own

homes

Gandhi on national spirit, oneness 58

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But they saw that India was one undivided

land so made by nature. They, therefore,

argued that it must be one nation. Arguing

thus, they established holy places in various

parts of India, and fired the people with an

idea of nationality in manner unknown in

other parts of the world.

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It was a charge against India that her people are so

uncivilized, ignorant and stolid, that it was not possible

to induce them to adopt any changes. It is a charge

really against our merit. What we have tested and

found true on the anvil of experience, we dare not

change. Many thrust their advice upon India, and she

remains steady. This is her beauty: it is the sheet-

anchor of our hope. Civilization is that mode of conduct

which points out to man the path of duty. Performance

of duty and observance of morality are convertible

terms. To observe morality is to attain mastery over our

mind and our passions. So doing, we know ourselves.

The Gujarati equivalent for civilization means ―good

conduct‖.

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If this definition be correct, then India, as so many

writers have shown, has nothing to learn from

anybody else, and this is as it should be. We notice

that the mind is a restless bird; the more it gets the

more it wants, and still remains unsatisfied. The more

we indulge our passions the more unbridled they

become. Our ancestors, therefore set a limit to our

indulgences. They saw that happiness was largely a

mental condition. A man is not necessarily happy

because he is rich, or unhappy because he is poor.

The rich are often seen to be unhappy, the poor to be

happy. Millions will always remain poor. Observing all

this, our ancestors dissuaded us from luxuries and

pleasures.

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The Indian civilization, as described by me, has been

so described by its votaries. In no part of the world,

and under no civilization, have all men attained

perfection. The tendency of the Indian civilization is to

elevate the moral being, that of the Western

civilization is to propagate material prosperity. The

latter is godless, the former is based on a belief in

God. So understanding and so believing, it behoves

every lover of India to cling to the old Indian civilization

even as a child clings to the mother‘s breast.

__Mohandas Gandhi, in Hind Swaraj

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Because the sons of India were found wanting, its

civilization has been placed in jeopardy. But its

strength is to be seen in its ability to survive the

shock. Moreover, the whole of India is not touched.

Those alone who have been affected by Western

civilization have become enslaved. We measure the

universe by our own miserable foot-rule. When we are

slaves, we think that the whole universe is enslaved.

Because we are in an abject condition, we think that

the whole of India is in that condition. As a matter of

fact, it is not so, yet it is as well to impute our slavery

to the whole of India. But if we bear in mind the

above fact, we can see that if we become free, India

is free.

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It is Swaraj when we learn to rule ourselves.

It is, therefore, in the palm of our hands. Do not

consider this Swaraj to be like a dream. There

is no idea of sitting still. The Swaraj that I wish

to picture is such that, after we have once

realized it, we shall endeavour to the end of our

life-time to persuade others to do likewise. But

such Swaraj has to be experienced, by each

one for himself. One drowning man will never

save another. Slaves ourselves, it would be a

mere pretension to think of freeing others.

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Passive resistance is an all-sided sword, it

can be used anyhow; it blesses him who

uses it and him against whom it is used.

Without drawing a drop of blood it

produces far-reaching results.

It never rusts and cannot be stolen.

Competition between passive resisters

does not exhaust. The sword of passive

resistance does not require a scabbard.

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1. Real home-rule is self-rule or self-control.

2. The way to it is passive resistance:

that is soul-force or love-force.

3. In order to exert this force, Swadeshi in every sense

is necessary.

4. What we want to do should be done, not because

we object to the English / Govt. or because we

want to retaliate but because it is our duty to do so.

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In the midst

of

alleged corruptions,

an agitation for Lokpal bill in India

Social Activism and rural leadership of

Anna Hazare

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Corruption is a two-way street. For every bribe taker,

there is a bribe giver. While the debate on

corruption in our country has focused on the

demand side of corruption, i.e., on public servants

and politicians who demand bribes, there has been

a thundering silence on the supply side of

corruption, i.e., around the business community

which bribes the public servants and politicians. It

is therefore interesting to note the business

community‘s focus on the issue of ethics in

business. Recently the CII organised a session on

ethics and corporate integrity.

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Anna Hazare Kisan Baburao Hazare, popularly known

as Anna Hazare (June 15, 1938), is an

Indian social activist. who is especially

recognized for his contribution to the

development of Ralegan Siddhi, a

village in Ahmednagar district,

Maharashtra, India and his efforts for

establishing it as a model village, for

which he was awarded the Padma

Bhushan by Govt. of India, in 1992. He

is also one of the leading figures who

championed the cause of Right to

Information Act in India. He is known

for his crusade towards fighting

corruption in public offices

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People understand their environment much better

than anybody else from outside. Hence, people's

participation is an essential element and pre-

requisite for, any development initiative to be

successful. Hence, it needs to be designed into

development programs from the beginning.

The initiatives to mobilize people should be

people/community and place specific. Any kind of

generalization may be harmful.

• The weak, poor and women need special

consideration and concessions for their fuller

participation.

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AGITATION FOR LOKPAL : April-2011

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The government's decision ended the 97-hour fast

here by veteran reformer Anna Hazare -- an

unparalleled people's movement against corruption in

recent years.

"India is recognizing the issue in time for it to be dealt

with. This is in a way better than what the situation is

in many developed and emerging economies, which

seem to be in denial," _ Muthuraman, president-

designate of the Confederation of Indian Industry .

added.

The central government Saturday issued a gazette

notification constituting a joint committee headed by

Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee to draft an anti-

graft Lokpal (ombudsman) Bill.

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Drafted by Justice Santosh Hegde, Prashant

Bhushan and Arvind Kejriwal, this Bill has been

refined on the basis of feedback received from

public on website and after series of public

consultations. It has also been vetted by and is

supported by Shanti Bhushan, J M Lyngdoh,

Kiran Bedi, Anna Hazare.

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The central government issued a gazette

notification constituting a joint committee

headed by Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee

to draft an anti-graft Lokpal (ombudsman) Bill.

Excerpts from the notification:

"Government of India here by constitutes a

joint drafting committee to prepare a draft of

the Lokpal Bill. The joint drafting committee

will consist of five nominee ministers of the

Government of India and five nominees of

Anna Hazare, including himself.

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The Jan Lokpal crafted initially by Kejriwal, Hegde, Bhushan

and refined by countless citizens is an effective deterrent and

a necessary step to eliminate corruption.

The bill should be further refined and passed within the next

30-60 days even if it means convening an extraordinary

session of parliament ―What does we are tackling corruption

on a war footing mean‖ .

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"I believe the meeting will be of an introductory nature," the senior lawyer

said. Besides Hazare and Bhushan, the civil society has three more

representatives on the panel - former law minister Shanti Bhushan, who is

also the co-chairman of the committee, RTI activist Arvind Kejriwal and

former Supreme Court judge Santosh Hegde. The 10-member committee is

headed by Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee. The other ministerial

members on the panel are Home Minister P. Chidambaram, Law Minister

Veerappa Moily, Human Resource Development Minister Kapil Sibal and

Minority Affairs Minister Salman Khursheed.

The government agreed to include the civil society leaders in the committee

after Hazare went on indefinite fast in Delhi, which was called off after 97

hours April 9.

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