.g ton n.d-ptureIn theewaruse ofnews.eoples, theerviceIBUN1!)s theinglyakenn um-warmn whosled inhe ex-ised It,for de-outineded towas aspeciaIIS been

he firstnd theer Ch i...nt thatitton nTom thete, andat that'nclined.:teorgeof THEsnt sentg withhes told8 whichand theand rot-I of In-Ie whichleral au-

lot.istory In1 a scoop" in 1864the Con-at Camp. Campie SOUt.11and westere lm-Confed-troops,Sweet.

, famousckbonethlzersounter-rpose ofrere 7,000iariapolf sohnson's, with theen, whomwage war. Marma-zer's camedetails c tct for th~es of theh of the~ .•.·G herQ ineople whond also ofwas to be

t one day,ieut.-Gov,rs of THEn betweenich he re-e Maj. E.e businesse ra.l at theI' with Gen.ral detect-vho had re-old flag the1'1'. Mauricewye r In Chi-ers who reu-his respectsely, despit«journalistic1til the rtng-nd the con-y w as told Inosure carnenever been

Ible dangerthe citizensIons and thes Increased Inn to the pris-s that further

e Foretold.JUly 17, 1875,Ison , the bal-panlon, New-d the route ofpped out six-elng' recorded1 had come toand was mak-ertislng fea t-is intention ofhe had yet at.

THE 'l~RIBUNE: THURSDAY, JUNE 1897.

tpted, and offered to let a newspaper'porter accompany him. James Maitlandf the Post and Mail and Newton S. Grim-'ood of the Evening Journal solicited therivilege, but Donaldson would take only

one ot them, and lots were drawn to seewhich should go. Grimwood won the choice.The start was made on the afternoon ofThursday, July 15, and the same night thelake was swept by a fierce storm from thesouthwest. On the Saturday morning fol-lowing THE TRIBUNE printed a five-columnscoop, asserting that the men were undoubt-edly lost and giving good reasons for hold-ing to this opinion.This was at a time when other papers were

expresstng confidence that the voyager'swould he heard from in a few days alive andwell. In a carefully prepared article THETRIBUNE called attention to the tact thatthe balloon was rotten with age and too frailand unwteldy to outlive such a storm asstruck it on the night of departure. An in-teresting part of the story was a theory asto the course the balloon had taken and theprobable point from which news would firstbe received concerning the fate of the daring-aeronauts. As the wind was blowing fromthe southwest it was set down as certainthe course would be to the northeast, and thcprediction was made that if the bodies of ti/e .men were ever recovered or thewreckage of the airship itself foundIt would be in the vicinity of GranaHaven, Mich., or a little north ofthat town. This was onJuly 17. Just six weekslater Grimwood's bodywas discovered In a sanddune a short distancenorth ofGrand Hav-en. Donald-son has neverbe c n heardf l' a m. Noballoon voy-age ever at-

tracted suchgeneral at-tention andInterestth rough o-u tthe world,and for weeks afterTHE TRIBUNE articlewas printed the prob-able fate of Donald-son and his compan-ion was the leadingtopic of cnecweeton inall the newspapers of note In thiscountry.One of the neatest strokes of

newspaper enterprise in giving ex-clusive and reliable informationconcerning the size and movement ofheavenly bodies In advance of contem-poraries, and also ahead of reports fromastronomical experts who had been spe-cially charged with the task, was the storyof the big comet printed in 'I'HE TRIBUNEof June 25, 1881. This was the largest cornetmortal eyes had ever seen, and the entireworld was anxious for definite knowledgeabout It. Prof. Colbert, then commercialeditor of THE TRIBUNE and formerly pro-fessor of astronomy at the old Chicago Uni-versity, got a sight at the celestial visitorthrough the telescope at the un.versttv at.2:30 a. m, on June 24, and the following daythe dimensions of the comet were accuratelygiven In an exhaustive article. The shortestdiameter wa s put down at 20,000 miles, thetail at 4,500,000 miles, and the distunce fromthe earth at 30,000,000 miles. In magnitudeit was four times larger than the famouscomet of 1812, which had until then hel-Isupremacy. and people were staggered bythe immensity of the figures. Pictures show-Ing the shape of the huge moving mass andthe path traveled by it were also given. Allthis was done at a time when the recognizedmasters of astronomical science were con-tondtng that they were yet short of sunl-clent data and facts upon which to base anintelligent computation, and that no accurate dimensions could be arrived at untilfurther observatlons were taken. Whenthese were secured, after considerable delay,they proved the correctness of THE TRIB-U.'E'S estimates, and the figures as original-ly given still stand unchallenged and, infact, accepted by all scient1sts of repute.In August, 1869, and July, 1878, two solar

eclipses occurred In this country and weresubjects of deep study by astronomers. WellIn advance of each' event THE TRIBUKEprinted full-page articles, with illustrativediagrams showing the sweep of the moon' ••shadow across the continent, and giving amass of data for which those Interested inmatters of this nature were waiting withIlly-concealed impatience, as there was con-siderable doubt as to the exactness of someof the calculations which had been made.When the observations were flna.Ily taken Itwas found that THE TRIBUNE'S prognosti-cations were correct in both instances, andthus two more news beats of Importancewere scored.It was on Sunday, May 22, 1881, that THE

'I'RIBUNE startled the world by printing Infull the revised edition of the New Testa-ment, a journalistic feat which won praisefrom people of all classes-from divines ofhigh rank, editors of influential papers inAn::erlca and Europe, and even from themembers of the Revision commltte.e them-selves. For months the committe" had beenat work in London preparing the copy fer

the printers, and it was announced that thebook would be issued in the earl) part of.May. Great caution had been observed topr-event the nature of the changes from be-coming public in advance of the actual de-livery of the volumes by the agents of theJ.mblishers, and this in itself served to whetthe curiosity of the people. THE TRIBUNEsent a special correspondent to London withinstructions to get an early copy of the boohrrga.rdtess of cost, but after a number ofefforts he was compelled to abandon thispart of the mission. Learning that a bigshipment of the volumes was on the way ioNew York, in order that distribution mightbe made in America and England on thesame day, THE TRIBUNE'S representattvetook the first steamer for home. .On reaching New York he waited at the

office of the American Committee on Re-Vision un til the first package from the vessclwas unpacked. Securing a copy of the bookhe took the next train for Chicago, arrivinghere at 10 o'clock on Saturday morning. Hehad notified the office by wire of what was,

or right of title, to valuable lands on thelake front between the river and Twelfthstreets-a tract worth millions of dollars.On the question of whether these lands be-longed to the federal government or to themunicipality of Chicago rested the right oftenantcy asserted by the Illinois Centralrailway. The United States Supreme Courtruled that the city was the real owner, andthis settled beyond further dispute the powerof the municipal government to make termswith the railway. This decision maoe pos-sible the lake front improvements now underway-the sinking of the tracks, constructionof a park, and the building of the contem-plated pleasure grounds in the very watersof the lake itself. Appreciating the im-portance of the court's action the people ofChicago watched anxiously for the decision,which It was expected would be handed downin the early part of December. On Nov. 2,to the surprise of all concerned, THE TRIB-UNE annuonced the nature of the court'sfinding. Those whose interests would be ad-v- nced by a verdict favoring the federal

coming, and a large force of printers was onhand to rush the matter Into type. The firsttake was given out shortly after 10:40, andthe matter was all set and printed In timeto be delivered to the regular subscribersof THE TRIBUNE as a part of ·the SundayIssue the next. morning. Some idea of thoherculean nature of the undertaking maybe had from the fact that the copy, set insolid minion type, filled sixteen full pages ofthe paper. This was before the day of type-setting machines and the composition wasall done by hand. The amount of type setmeasured something like 672,000 ems, beingequivalent to the work of sixty-five rapidcompositors working continuously for ninehours each. Besides these a number of ed-itors and copy readers were employed totake the matter and put It In shape for theprinters. While this was being done theordinary Sunday issue of THE TRIBUNE, ofItself a pretty big mechanical job, was beinggotten out in the usual manner.Contemporaries were stupefied at the au-

dacity of the scoop, and Chicago peopletalked about It for weeks. When copies ofTHE TRIBUNE containing the New Testa-ment reached England prominent menwrote to friends In this country strong let-ters of commendation, and surprise was ex-pressed that it remained for a newspaperprinted in the interior of America to snatchfrom under the nose of the London pressand make public in Its entirety a work forwhich the whole civilized world was waiting.United State •• SupreIne Court Beaten.Scoops have become so common in the

latter-day history of THE TRIBUNE as to belooked for as a stable feature of the paper.The public expects them, and It gets themso frequently that no particular surprise isexpressed over the exclusive publication ofnews of i nportance unless It be a matter ofnational concern. Such was the case WhenTHE TRIBUNE, on April 6, 1895, publishedIn fUll, two days before its delivery from thebench, the text of the United States Su-preme Court's decision knocking out theIncome tax law. It was a news beat whichsurprised even the dignified jurists of thehighest tribunal in the land Into exclama-tions of wonderment.Everybody wanted to know how it was

done, and especially so the scores of brightmen connected with THE TRIBUNE'S con-temporaries, who had been in Washingtonfor weeks watching for just this very thingand had after all been badly beaten in thegetting of it. They had laid tempting baitbefore the Judges and clerks to draw theminto giving an outline of the decision In ad-vance without result, and had settled downinto the belief that nobody would get an Ink-ling of Its nature until It was read In opencourt, when along came THE TRIBUNE withthe much coveted decision in full. •• It can'tbe a true copy-It must be merely a neat bitof guesswork," cried newspaper men whohad been scooped, and sharp lawyers in vari-ous parts of the country delivered them-selves of the same 'pinion. It was ridic-ulous, these men said, to even seriously con-sider the po""ihnity of so sacred a matter asa decision of the United State" ~upremeCourt being published in a newspaper twodays before It was given out in court.But there were others who had wen in

mind numerous times in the past when THETRIBUNE had risen to the emergency of slm-Ilar Important occasions, and thesc saw thethfng' In a different light. Just like THETRIBUNE, they said; It Is always gettingreal news away ahead of other newspapers.And whcn the decision was read in court th.sverdict was found to be the correct one.

Ahead on the Lake Front Case.

News of the United States Supreme Court'sfinding in the celebrated Lake Front casewas first given to the public in THE CHICAGOTRIBUNE of Nov. 2, 1892. The official ver-sion was not formally given out In courtuntil Dec. 5, but it differed in no essentialpoint from the report printed in TE:E TRIB-UNE a month before. In many repsects thiswas the most important bit of litigation af-fecting the interests of the people of Chi-cago that has ever corne before the Supreme

rt. It was a contest for the ownership,

government protest-ed stoutly that it wasImpossible f a I' anewspaper to knowpositively and accur-ately how so augusta body as the Su-preme Court Of theUnited States stoodon such a momentousmatter. The reliabil-Ity of the news wasattacked, but whenthe formal findingwas handed down inopen court on Dec. 5following i twa sfound that THE TRIB-UNE report was cor-rect and unimpeach-able."Some of the

Judges must have, leaked,''' was thccomment made by de-feated newsgathers. Perhaps they did-atany rate THE TRIBUNE got the news a monthIn advance of any other newspaper.

Santa Fe Train Robbery Scoop.On the morning of Sept. 18, 1894, THE

TRIBUNE secured another U scoop" of con-siderable magnitude. In the late hours ofthe preceding night a band of daring banditsheld up the Colorado and Utah limited ex-press train on the Santa F~ road at Gorin,Mo. The robbers expected to get $50,000which had been shipped in the safe of theWells-Fargo company in the express car.During the raid Engineer " Dad" Prescottwas shot and one of the bandits badlywounded. There was a lively skirmish for tenminutes, at the end of which the raiders weredefeated and several of them were captured.THE TRIBUNE was the only newspaper in theUnited States that printed the facts thenext morning. Not only was the completestory of the raid told In a graphic manner,but pictures were given showing how theattack was made. An entire page was givento a description of the details of the raid,and the manner in which the participantshad plotted for it. Names and other par-ticulars were printed in full. How was Itdone? THE TRIBUNE had a man on the train,and he was there for the express purpose ofsending in the story of the raid. Nearly aweek before this the Wells-Fargo people hadbeen quietly Informe that an attack was tobe made on the train, and they prepared toresist it. Aside from this the plot was notknown of In Chicago except in THE TRIBUNEoffice, where the word was received almostas soon as It reached the express company.A force of armed detectives was sent on asguards, and were on hand when the raid wasmade.

Editor Ste,\vart's Scoop in 1847.No record of the news beats scored by THE

TRIBUNE would be complete without refer-ence to a laughable incident In whfc.hThomas Stewart, who was news edItor of thepaper in 1847, and ('"pt.. A. Bigelow of theUnrrea Ot.o,(.eSnavy figured. Bigelow wasstationed here in command of the warsteamer Michigan. Merchant vessels thenhad considerable difficulty in making port,and Stewart printed an editorial in July,1847, suggesting that it would be a good ideafor Capt. Bigelow to use the Michi,gan intowing craft Into the harbor. The gallantand truculent Captain construed this as antnsult to his naval dignity and prornptlysent Stewart a challenge to mortal combat.Instead of accepting the invitation to fighta duel Stewart published the Captain's letterIn THE TRIBUNE. He not only had a goodexclusive story, but he pulled the wiresamong his political friends so well that IIIthe end Capt. Bigelow was order-ed by theauthorities at 'Washington to do just whatStewart had suggested. The Incidcnt Is toldin Fergus' " History of the Chicago Press,"the account concluding with the fan owing-words: " The pen was mightier than thesword, for the latter was never imbued InStewart's gore, and tlie bellicose Captaintowed belated merchant vessels into Chi-cago Harbor."

10,

FOURTH OF JULYFIFTY YEARS AGO.

On the afternoon of July 4, 1847, nearlyan the people of Chicago gathered at Mm··rick's race track, on what Is now CottageGrove avenue, at the spot where theDouglas monument stands. Possibly 5,000persons were there, an enormoy:s crowd IIIthose days. The occasion' was the annualathletic entertainment, which in the pioneerdays was always a feature of the observanceof the Nation's birthday. One event in par-ticular had grown to be a feature of thesecelebrations. This was a race between awhite man on horseback and an Indian onfoot, for a prize.On the day in question there were three

contestants in this race. One was an In-dian, stripped like a modern prizefighter,and he was the favorite in the contest. Hisname was White Foot, and, having been thevictor during the three successive previousyear-s, he .was backed by the crowd as thef'a vortte. The, newcomer' in the race wasLouts Isbell, the colored barber. Isbell isstill living in Chicago, and enjoys no com-

mon distinction among the rap-idly decreasing few who havesurvived all these years. Thecrowd wanted to see him win,but they were skeptical as to hisability. 'I'he third contestant

was a pioneer astrideof a black horse. Therace was for a dis-tance of a quarter ofa mile straightawayto a turning stakeand then back to the

startingpoint. Asthe signalwas giventhe t h I' e econtestantsstarted from

Mailers Working Against Time.

town,andall the local celebrtttes were his pa-trons. They cheered him lustily in the firsthalf, for, although a few feet behind thehorse, he led: White Foot. He was the fir"tto start back, however, as the horse couldnot turn the stake so quickly as its humanrivals, and the pioneer jockey was two rodsIn the rear after turning the stake at thequarter mile, while Isbell was not morethan a step ahead of his Indian rival. Thelatter had seldom been defeated in a footrace, and was trying hard for victory. Is-ben won, although he was not a foot In thelead of White Foot, and the horse, hardlashed by the pioneer, came in last. Cheerafter cheer greeted the victorious Isbell. Ahalf century has passed since then, but thisold colored man relates the story with en-thusiasm. He lives In the memories of thepast, as do many whom time has renderedfeeble.

Isbell Loses His Next Race.Three months later the' gr'and-st.and at

Merrick's was crowded again. The eventwas another race, In which Louis Isbell tool,a part." There were five of us in that race," say"

the gray-haired negro, •• and hundreds ofpeople had turned out to see It. Three ofthe contestants were Iridia.na, who camehere from Buffalo. The other was an En-glishman, whose name was Gildersleeve.The track at Merrick's was a rmle around.and the race was to extend ten times tha':distance. I guess I deceived a good manyat that time. You see, I was winded afterrunning one mile, and dropped out to letthe others tight It out between them. TheE:nglishman went farther than I did, butcidn't finish. The redskins stuck It out toth e end, and one of them, with the extraor-<l.inary name of Smoke, won." I believe I could. have won that race hac!

I not got excited on the start. A g:ood manyof my patrons at the barber shop were therein carriages, and others were crowded Intowagons. The four other fellows were allstrangers In Chicago, and everybody wan tedme to win. But I tried to do too much. Iran as hard' as I could right from the start.All the old-timers were ther», and theychased after me in carriages and tried to)encourage me on. Consequently I ran allthe harder, and when I reached the half-mile post and looked back the others wereseveral rods behind. I was ahead at the endof the first mile, but was winded. I knew[ couldn't run around the track nine times

. more, and so dropped out. I guess myfriends were disgusted with me, but Icouldn't help It.. The sun was hot, and icoutdn't have stood it.",Vhenever now I see any of myoid

friends," continued this old man, "theyjoke wtth me about, that race. There arenot many of them left, though. For somereason, I don't know why, Providence hasspar-ed me."When, eighteen years ago, on the event of

Its first anniversary, the Calumet club ex-tended a reception to the old settlers of Chi-cago, gray-haired Louis Isbell was not for-~otten. He received an invitation to at-tend the gathering. He never threw him-

self into white society, however, and mod-"stly remained at home on that occasion.He lives on \Vest Randolph street now,

having moved there within the Iast.-vear.He came to Chicago in 1838, almost sixtyvears ago. He has often been called thefirst barber of this city, but he makes nosuch claim. In fact, he worked in a shopestablished in the year before he came b~·John Johnson, a colored man. He remainedIn Johnson's employ two years, when heopened a shop of his own in Frink & Wal k-"Er's stage office, opposite the TremontHouse. Then he moved into the TremontHouse, and later conducted the shop in theSherman House. He shaved all the rerna.rk-able old men who contributed to make Ch;-cag'o what it is today. '" I used to shave old William B. Ogden,"

said Isbell, "at least twice every weekMy barber shop was the largest in the city.and everybody used to come there to getshaved. Then they would sit out in frontand talk over matters among themselves.Among them were the old Beauhie:ns, Hub-bard, John Wentworth, and Scammon, andDrummond, and Clark, and Garrett, the Bur-l.eys, and the Kimballs. There were JeromeBeecher, the. Pecks, all of them, and Fer-nando Jones and his father, the Lafiins, andEo B. M.cCagg, and Luther Laflin Mills andhis father. And then there were Dyer, andDole, and Harmon, and Butterfield, an.IMoore, and Clybourn, and Wilson. Therewere the Rurn seys and, the Stern&es, and allthe rest of them."

Sha 'ves Lincoln and Houglas.These local celebrities were not the great-

'\st men, however, whom Isbell shaved."I have shaved Abraham Lincoln and

Stephen A. Douglas, and all the great menwhen they came to Chicago," said he.'Once I had a little row with Stephen A.Douglas, but we were always good rrtends,and he often came to my shop and talkedwith me. Once I went to hear him speak,and he attacked the colored race. He sawme sitting in the audience, and after themeeting was over and he returned to thehotel, he came over to where I W[lS in frontof the shop. 'I presume you are mad, areyou not, Isbell?' he said to me. 'I saw youin the room when I made that speechagainst your' race.' I told Mr. Douglas atthe time I didn't like the way he talked.We were always bet ter friends after that.though, and the great man called 'often atthe shop."Among Mr. Isbell's collection of papers

there Is one bearing the signatures of 300persons, who testify that they have knownLouis Isbell for upwards of thirty years,and that" they ncver knew or hcard of any-thing wrong about him." He values thisqueer testimonial above every other 'of hispossessions. When these signatures werebeing placed upon the paper some wantcdto add the names of old Chicagoans whohad moved away, but Isbell would not per-mit a forged signature to appear on the testi-monial.

Brought to Illinois as a Sla .•.e.Louis Isbell was born In Prestonsburg,

Ky., March 17,1819. His mother and fatherwere brought to Floyd County from Rich-mond, Va., by William Mayo, a young Meth·odist preacher. He had inherited them asslaves, and after coming into possession orhis property freed them. When Louis was3 years of age the kind-hearted Mayobrought him to Paris, Ill., and cared for himin his own home. Thus has Louis Isbellenjoyed' the distinction of being the firstcolored child brought Into the State of Illi-nois to live. He came to Chicago on Oct.14, 1838, and has made this his home eversince.

FIGHT FORBRIDGESIN EARLY DAYS.

Chicagoans who are now accustomed tothe benefits and also Inconveniences of thepresent extensive bridge system will find itdifficult to believe that during the early daysof Chicago the most bitter sectional jeal-ousies marked the question of locating theearly bridges of the city. By 1857 the marineInterests of Chicago had increased to suchan extent that all feelings of antagonismwere dropped. Matters went on smoothly<b_ ~ *'-~ •...•'rouble broke out again overthe rights of the l"ly~ navtga.tor-s and thepeople who were obliged to use L.' ~ 'horough-fares. What constituted the respective L"-"-t"

of all travelers andwhat was their rel-ative importance in thecommunity was a ques-tton which vexed thepublic for many a long,weary month. Thelandsmen' were finallysatisfied by the con-struction of the tworiver tunnels whichhave now been absorbedby the street car com-panies,The first bridges

across the river werefloating structures andwhen closed would notallow the passage ofvessels of any kind.The next bridges wereof the swing variety,turning. on their cen-ters, but placed so lowthat they had to beopened for every tugor larger vessels. Itwas the rule at firstthat no vessel could bedetained at a bridgeno matter what numberof vehicles or indi-viduals might be pre-vented from crossing.The first interferencewith this feature ofnavigation, and therewere many protestsagainst it by tug

masters, was in requir-ing tugs to lower theirsmoke stacks when

passing under the low bridges then In use.The red and green signals in use on all thebridges at the present time were Introducedfor the general benefit of the public under anordinance passed by the City Counctl in 1860.During the following year a law was passedwhich compelled the use of bells on all thelarger bridges In the city.In 1867 the feeling against the manner in

which river navtga.tlo n was conducted be-came so general that the ten-minuteordinance was passed, which was a greatvictory for the citizens. Still the incon-. venience to land travelers was great owingto the mag'nit ude of the marine business, andanother effort was made to construct tun-nels. The Wa.shlng ton and La Salle streettunnels were all that were completed at thattime, owing to lack of means to carry thework further. The lift bridge and the" jack-knife" invention ha ve done much to ease thesituation and little complaint is now heard.Chicago will soon witness the ultra-de-

velopment of bridge building. Plans havealready been prepared for one of the mostmarvelous structures in the world-a" three-decker" bridge, or viaduct covering the ap-proach to the Wells street crossing of theriver. 'I'h e bridge will be used jointly byan elevated road passing over the top, byelectric cars using the street level, and bya steam ra.ilwavsopera.tlrig beneath. Activework will begin on the structure In a shorttime. It will be completed within a year.

START OF THESUNDAY EDITION.

An element of the unusual, so far as THETRIBUNE is concerned, surrounds the issueof its first Sunday paper. The death of Col.Elmer E. Ellsworth, the first victim of thecivil war, may be said to be responsible rorthe inauguration of a Sunday newspaper InChicago. Ellsworth was a Chicago boy andmet his fate at Alexandria, Va, It was onSaturday, May 25, 1861, that THE TRlBUNIilannounced that a mail edition of THE TRIB-:UNE, made up on Saturday night, would beissued so that it could be delivered to the out-of-town readers on the following day. Ratherapologetically THE TRIBUNE also announcedthis step was made necessary because orthe importance of the war news. City sub-scribers W'ere furnished wit h this so-called"second edition" until Monday morning,unless they called at the office of THE TRIB-UNE. The double-leaded announcement ofTHE TRIBUNE closed with the followingparagraph:" A Sunday morning edition will be printed

during the continuance of the war for theuse of news agents and the trains which goout Sunday night. It will contain all tnenews which can be obtained up to midnightSaturday, and will be for sale at all thenewsstands.' ,Evidently THE TRIBUNE experienced some

trepidation in making this departure, tor inanother column it was announced editoriallythe New York Tribune had also consentedto issue a Sunday morning paper during thewar, as the readers were not willing to bewithout the news from Saturday until Mon-day morning. Again THE TRIBUNE apolo-gized for the innovation in the rottowlnglanguage:" It was said In the days of '76 that there

were no Sundays In revolutionary times.Our country is passing through a moramomentous epoch than that of the war forindependence. Patriotic men are strugglingto save the liberties which their forefathersbequeathed. Free government for a few col-onies was then at stake. Free governmentfor a continent is now at issue. It is not tobe wondered then that people are Impatientevery morning to learn the events of thepreceding day up to and after the hour ofgoing to bed." .

First Sunday Issue a Hybri.l.It must also be noted that THE TRIBUNE

did not have the temerity to say that itsfirst Sunday issue was exclusively a Sundaypaper. While it is true that the first pagebore the words" Chicago, Sunday, May 26,1861," yet on the third :page is found thewords "Monday, May 27, 1861," whichwould seem to indieate that the proprietorsof the paper had no desire to rashly awakenthe hostility of that portion of its readerswho believed in a strict observance of theSabbath day, and to this !,xtent there was acertain compromise. You could pay yourmoney, but you could not take your choice--the subscriber was compelled to take a sortof hybrid newspape.r-a Sunday and Morida yissue all in one.And this was the beginning of the Sunday

newspaper in Chicago. From a four-pagepaper of nine columns to the page It hasdeveloped into the present monster numbe r,which Is issued by THE TRIBUNE flverySunday morning throughout the year 'I'hechurch could find no legitimate grounds forprotest during those exciting times of re-bellion, and when the war had closed theSunday paper had become a fixture. Thepeople liked it, and today it may be saidto be the most important issue of the week.Up to the year 1869 there did not seem to beany especial reason for Increasing the orig-inal sizc of the Sunday paper from fourpages, though it is true an extra columnwas added to the sheet, making a total often columns to the page. During the latterpart of 1869, however, the evidences of amarvelous growth of the Western city werebeginning to manifest themselves. The lastpage of the issue each Sunday had to bedevoted to classified advertisements, andduring the latter part of that year it was

II found necessary to Increase the size of thepaper from four to six pages.The great fire of 1871 was the cause of

'0'1. increase in the size of THE SUNDAYTRIB-UN);J.~ ~T-::.twlthstanding the fact that thepaper. su,.e~ ~~l great hardships during thedays Inlmea_....,. Blj ..ft _•.•.' •.•.~- ' •••..••. ~,.:J..._ .••~ .• 'J ..•..•.u .•..•..was necessary to temporarily reduce thesize of the paper from six to four pages,yet in November of 1871 the paper was en-larged to eight pages in the Sunday issue.Developn,ent of the Sund.ay Paper.The development of the Sunday paper

from this time on was slow, but sure. Therewere times when It appeared as if therewas temporary retrogression, but 'therewas none in fact. Sunday, March 10/1872, marked the first SUNDAY TRI'BUNEwhich devoted any portion of its space to" special" articles. The paper was of eightpages and had a special story entitled, " TheFirst Settlers of Chicago: An HistoricalRomance," by G. Henri. Sunday, Nov.10, 1872, marked a jump from eight to tenpages. There -were many special stories,and an extra marked" Postscript, 4:30 a.m.," detailed the account of the great Bos-ton fire, where the loss was over $100,000,-000. In 1873 there was a jump to sixteenpages, and In 1881 the usual issue was eight-een pages. On Sunday, Sept. 24,1881, wasthe first twenty-page paper. Until 1886 thepaper was usually frort>. eighteen to twenty-four pages In size, but on April 4 of thatyear there was another increase to twenty-eight pages. The paper of Nov. 6, 1887,consisting of twenty-eight pages, was got-ten out in four" parts," which inauguratedthis' method of divtdmg the Sunday Issue.In the fore part of 1888 the Sunday issuewent up to thirty-two pages. Sunday,March 23, 1888, marked the first thirty-sixpage paper, and on Sunday, Sept. 14, 1890,there was a forty-page edition, and the era.of the big Sunday paper had fairly beenreached. From that time on it has beenonly a matter of short consideration to In-crease the paper up from fifty-two to fifty-six pages, or even more when necessary.With the mechanical facilities now at Itscontrol THE TRIBUNE could print a 100-pag~paper with almost as much ease as It getsout a smaller number.

Illustrations as a Newspaper F'eatur •.••Newspaper illustration is a matter of com-

paratively recent origin. Pictures were firstused In the SUNDAYTRIBUNE as a feature in1885. They were made by the chalk plateprocess, and frequently turned out to becrude and unsatisfactory to both readersand publtsher-s. Artistic effect was almostimpossibte to obtain, and the best that couldbe had was a sort of rough, mechanicalpicture. Soon after this the plan of makingzinc etchings from pen-and-ink drawingswas perfected and newspaper illustrationsbegan to assume an Important place In themake-up of the paper. By this process theartist is enabled to secure pleasing results,and the knowledge that fine work will beaccurately reproduced Is an incentive whichhas had marked effect in raising the stand-ard. Useful as the zinc process has been,however, the aim of newspaper publtslicr sis always toward something better, and nowexperiments are being conducted with "-view to adapting half-tone pictures to thecapabilities of fast presses.