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THE CITY GRAMMAR COLLEGE

SHAHDADPUR

FIGURES OF SPEECH

By: SIR ABDUL HAMEED KALOI

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Figurative LanguageFiguring it Out

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Figurative and Literal Language

Literally:words function exactly as defined

The car is blue.

He caught the football.

Figuratively: figure out what it means

He is an apple of my eye..

^Figures of Speech

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Simile

Comparison of two things using like or as.

Examples

The metal looks like a ribbon.

My younger brother is as sweet as candy.

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Important!

Using like or as doesnt make a simile.

A comparison must be made.

Not a Simile:Ilikemy parents.

Simile:The moon islikea ball.

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MetaphorTwo things are compared without using like or

as.

Examples:

All the world is a stage.

His heart is stone.

The road was a ribbon wrapped through thedessert.

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Personification

Giving human qualities/traits to objects orideas.

ExamplesThe wind yells while blowing."

The wind cannot yell. Only a living thing can yell.

The sunlight danced.

Water on the lake shivers.

The streets are calling me.

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Alliteration

The repetition of an initialconsonantsound.

For Example:

Mikes microphone made much music.

William Words Worth

http://grammar.about.com/od/rs/a/repetitionterm.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/c/g/consonaterm.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/c/g/consonaterm.htmhttp://grammar.about.com/od/rs/a/repetitionterm.htm

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Hyperbole

An exaggerated statement used to showstrong feeling or effect. It is not used tomislead the reader, but to emphasize a

point.

I will remember my parents forever.

My house is a million miles away.

Example: Shes said so on severalmillion occasions.

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Understatement

Expression with less strength than expected.

The opposite of hyperbole.

Ill be there in one second.

I have a small work to do.

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Onomatopoeia

A word that makes a sound

SPLAT

BOOM BOOM SLAM

POP

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Idiom

A saying that isnt meant to be taken

literally.

Doesnt mean what it says

Dont be a stick in the mud!

Youre the apple of my eye.

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SYMBOLISM

When a person,place, thing, or eventthat has meaning in

itself also represents,or stands for,something else.

= Innocence

= America

= Peace

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Proverb

A figurative saying in which a bit ofwisdom is given.

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

A stitch on time saves nine.

The early bird catches the worm.

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Oxymoron

When two words are put together thatcontradict each other. Opposites

Open Secret.

Pretty Ugly

Soft hard.

Living death. Thora Buhat Kam he (Urdu)

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Quiz

1

He drew a line as straight as an arrow.

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2

Knowledge is a kingdom and all who learnare kings and queens.

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3

Can I see you for a second?

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4

The sun was beating down on me.

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5

A flag wags like a fishhook there in the sky.

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7

The North Windafter its longpolar journey,is searching

for food.

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10

Dont bit the hand that feeds you.

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11.

The clouds smiled down at me.

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12.

SPLAT!

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13.

His little kid is as sweet as candy.

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14.

I could sleep forever!

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16.

I used to have a fear of hurdles, but I gotover it

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17.

The wheat field was a sea of gold.

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18.

The old streets called him to visit.

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19.

POP!

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20.

She was dressed to the nines.

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21.

The early bird catches the worm.

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23.

Your face is killing me!

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24.

He was as white as a ghost.

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25.

He has a skeleton in his closet.

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Find the appropriate option

1- "Education is our passport to the futureand tomorrow belongs to those who

prepare for it today."

(A) metaphor

(B) oxymoron

(C) personification

(D) simile

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(A) metaphor

(B) idiom

(C) Personification

(D) Simile

2-The wind sang her mournful song through the falling leaves.

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3-Working in a coal mine is living death.

(A) metaphor(B) oxymoron(C) personification(D) simile

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4- A figure of speech is(A) a familiar expression or saying.

(B) a nonliteral way of saying something.

(C) what the author literally means.

(D) something only writers use.

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5- I have explained this question a million times.

(A) Oxymoron

(B) Hyperbole

(C) Proverb.

(D) N.O.T.

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(A) Understatement

(B) idiom

(C)Personification

(D)Hyperbole

6-I am coming to you in seconds.

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7-Good is not good where better is expected.

(A) metaphor(B) oxymoron(C) Idiom(D) proverb

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8- A sight so sweet and superb.

(A) metaphor(B) simile(C) alliteration

(D) proverb

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9- We have buried the hatchet..

(A) metaphor(B) oxymoron(C) idiom(D) proverb

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10- Opportunity knocks my door everyday.

(A) metaphor(B) personification(C) simile(D) proverb

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Have a Superb and Nice Day!

Wish You Happy and Successful Life!