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FILE SYSTEMS
BY
K.Krishna Kumar(10mse1081)
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File system
In a computer, a file system (sometimes written
filesystem) is the way in which files are named and
where they are placed logically for storage and retrieval.
File systems specify convention for naming files.
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A file system defines the structure and the rules used to
read, write, and maintain information stored on a disk. Which system used is determined by;
Hardware
Software
Security needs
Need for a dual-booting system
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File Names
1 to 255 characters in length
This includes the path
You can use uppercase and lowercase (case-aware, butnot case-sensitive)
You can use spaces and periods
You cannot use these characters:
/ \ : * ? < > |
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File Names continued
Filenames consist of two parts
Main part of filename
Identifies the contents of the file File extension
Identifies the file type
The last period separates the file extension from the
main part of the filename. Windows typically associates a file extension with an
application installed on a computer
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Some of the file systems
FAT
NTFS
EXT
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FAT???
file allocation table where the OS records how the disk
space is used
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File Systems
FAT12:The earliest version the file system, FAT12allows a partition to contain up to 4096MB/ (212)clusters.
FAT 16: oldest, created for DOS, supported by mostOSs, cannot be installed on partitions larger than 2 GB, or onhard drives larger than 4GB.
FAT 32: supports disks from 512MB to 2TB, compatiblewith Windows 98 and up
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Advantages of FAT File System
The FAT file system is best for drives and/or partitionsunder approximately 200 MB
It is better to format system partition as FAT
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Disadvantage of FAT File System
It is not better to use FAT on partitions that are greaterthan 200 megabytes.
FAT partitions are limited in size to a maximum of 4Gigabytes (GB) under Windows NT and 2 GB in MS-DOS.
The FAT file system is also prone to fragmentation
.
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NTFS(new technology file system) better file security
(Encrypting File System), disk compression, Disk Quotafeatures, reliability and stability. NTFS volumes can not be
accessed by DOS, or Windows 95 or Windows 98.
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Advantages of NTFS
Large disks and large files: NTFS is best foruse on volumes of about 400 MB or more
Security:NTFS uses the Windows NT object modelto enforce security. An open file is implemented as a fileobject with a security descriptor that defines its security
attributes.
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Disadvantages of NTFS
It is not recommended to use NTFS on a volume that issmaller than approximately 400 MB
Currently, there is no file encryption built into NTFS
It is not possible to format a floppy disk with the NTFSfile system
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Fat to NTFS
Convert.exe helps to convert from fat to NTFS
No data is lost
NTFS to FAT conversion requires reformatting hard drive
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OS and File System Compatibility
Operating System FAT16 FAT32 NTFS
Windows XP
Windows 2000
Windows NT
Windows 95, 98, ME
Windows 95
MS-DOS
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Third Extended File System
Is a journaled file system that is commonly used by theLinux kernel
Ajournaling file system is a file system that logschanges to a journal before actually writing them to themain file system.
Default file system for many popular Linux distributions..
Maximum individual file size can be from 16 GB to 2 TB Overall ext3 file system size can be up to 32 TB
ext3
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ext4
Starting from Linux Kernel 2.6.19 ext4 was available.
Supports huge individual file size and overall file systemsize.
Maximum individual file size can be up to 16 TB.
Maximum ext4 file system size is 1 EB ;1 EB = 1024 PB(petabyte). 1 PB = 1024 TB (terabyte).
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Thank You !!!