Final Book - Shields Brewery

THESIS PROJECT 2013-14 EARL SHIELDS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ANALYSIS - PART I

IntroductionZoningPlacePlace and ScaleScaleCirculationHistory

ANALYSIS - PART IIIntroductionSite - ViewsSite - SectionsSite - SolarGeneral ProgramPrecedentsProduction Information

THE PROJECT - PART IIIIntentionStateCity ProgramFloorplansSectionsElevationsPerspectivesModel

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ANALYSIS - PART I

IntroductionZoningPlacePlace and ScaleScaleCirculationHistory

1

Introduction

Thethesiswasbrokenprimarilyintotwoparts.ThefirstparttakingplaceinthefallsemesterincludedastudyofGardineras a whole. We had to discover any issues we could with the city and what we could do to improve them. A major discovery among us students was and is the lack of a continuing trail from the walking path to the downtown connecting the people. Another huge issue was that big box stores started to mix in with the downtown ruining the human scale that downtown’s usually achieve well. WediscoveredthatsinceGardinerneverhadenoughmoneytofixthedowntownitkeptitshistoricbeautyandsoamajorityof the student decided to put their efforts into strengthening the downtown with a work of architecture hoping to draw a larger demographic into the city. At the end of the semester we had landed on which sites we deemed most appropriate for our work of architecture.

In the beginning of the spring semester, part two of the thesis project, we started to look closer out our sites to decide how the architecture would work. My site eventually moved closer to the intersection for the 15,000 vehicular approach that 201 offers.QuicklyinthefirstpartofanalysisIdiscoveredthatwhatcurrentlysitsonthesiteIhadchosenisaneyesoreandcreatessome impression of Gardiner. I decided to design there to change the impression as well as changing the scale of the lot from big box to something a little more traditional and human. The rest of part two was a study of the site and precedents furthering the investigation for my project.

Finally, the end of the spring semester consists of many iterations for the work of architecture and my part three is the end result. I hope you enjoy my project.

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Zoning District Map

Residential District

HDR High Density Residential

RG Residential Growth

SL Shoreland

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RP Resource Protection

CB Central Business

PD Planned Development

PIC Planned Industrial Commercial

ECR Educational Community Recreation

PR Professional Residential

Shoreland Overlay

SOLR Shoreland Overlay Limited

CC Cobbossee Corridor

Downtown Area Enlargement

City of Gardiner

0 0.3 0.60.15 Miles

Prepared by: City of Gardiner Assessors OfficeProperty lines are approximate andare for informational purposes only

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Adopted April 21, 2010Effective May 21, 2010

Amended February 09, 2011Effective March 11, 2011

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201 - North to South

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A - The approach to the intersection reveals a hill with trees as the focal point. This may bencourage people stopping at the intersection to spark curiosity towards water street.

B - The right side of the street reveals a big box store (Family Dollar).

C - Moving forward from the intersection continues to provide a destination of trees.

D - Going left from the intersection provides a view of one of Gardiner’s anchor stores (Renys). The arrow indicates a slight turn in the road that is viewable from a distance. This makes the view and experience more enticing.

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F - Second oldest stone church in Maine. Historic landmark, that sits well in a back drop of trees.

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E - Abrupt entry into east side of water street.

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G - Pocket park that lacks invitation. The red wall shows height that creates a datum that is too high for comfort.

H - Event space without permanent scale with the exception of trees. Was adapted with tents for a function.

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I - Incedental Space between a road and a walkway. Just comfortable enough for a smaller group.

J - Intentional space that invites the user to the waterfront with seating as a resting point.

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SCALE

From calligraphy to urban scale on plan, Gardiner experiences many scales. Most of Gardiner seems typical in layout of neighborhoods with layers of trees connecting a comfortable canopy for people to relate to. There is no doubt there are at least two trees in view even in the downtown.

The entry to the downtown seems abrupt with a weak city hall in the distance on your left when you enter downtown from the east side. Upon your entry on the north you experience a sprawl of big box stores spread out in a fashion were you are suggested to use a vehicle. This creates a weaker sense of community. With the density in trees everything almost seems hidden with the exception of Water Street with its continuing faces and the pocket parks which hide between buildings.

Almost everything in Gardiner except for Water Street could be anywhere in Maine.

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The yellow and red on this map depict the relationship of buildings seperated by the river. The yellow clusters suggest that you drive from destination to destination and the red suggest a closeness of buildings that may be more comfortable to walk through. This is ideal in trying to get the user to have a better experience. You can also get a feeling of the two destinations that are seperated by the river in the image below. Again, on your right in the yellow, these big box stores that do little to connect you with the rest of Gardiner. Then on the left in red, you begin to really feel historic Gardiner when traveling next to downtown Water Street.

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Means of transportation to work - Bicycle Means of transportation to work- WalkingMean travel time to work

CIRCULATION Up to a total of 30,000 vehicles pass through Gardiner on 201 everyday. 201 passes right by the downtown allowing heavy noise to grace the end of downtown. Gardiner has made the downtown a one way road to minimize vehicular traffic and that is why I continued my study looking at pedestrian walkways entering and exiting the walkable area. A lot of people move to Gardiner because it is close to Augusta and relatively close to Portland.

Left- Percent of Urban Commuters that use motor Buses. The blue dot represents Maine and Maine is the tenth from the bottom that uses motor buses for commuting. With a large population of Gardiner residents commuting to work it might be plausible to introduce a bus or train system going through Gardiner.

Bottom - Mean travel time to work shows that people in the downtown do not commute as far as most of the people surrounding.

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This walking path starts up north and leads you into the parking lot of Hannaford with out any continuing walkway. One who might be visiting may be overwhelmed with the lack of scale due to the size of the parking lot and lack of direction.

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East End of Water St.Side walks end abruptly without an invitation.

North End of 201 after passing A1 DinerSide walk ends on right side pushing you left then left again into neighborhoods. The side walk in front of the gas station is invisible from this view.

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Middle of Water St. looking South Side walk covered by heavy dark foliage as you proceed up the hill.

West End of Water St. after Family Dollar.Side walks heavy with dark foliage. Also note potential of the stream.

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1754

1803

1818

1826

1837

“Gardinerston Plantation” was established.

Town of Gardiner was officially incorporated.

A riflemen company was formed to help in the Mexican war.

An important commercial epoch was inaugurated by the arrival of the first steamer run on the Kennebec.

The Gardiner Hotel (Federal style brick) was erected at the corner of Water and Church streets.

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1851

1853 Covered Bridge was built connecting Gardiner and Pittston (now Randolph).

The railroad was connected booming economy.

Gardiner becomes a city with ten large wharfs along the waterfront serving the shipping industry.

1856 Benjamin Johnson bought the Cobbosse house and renamed the hotel and tavern the Johnson House.

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1860’s

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Benjamin Johnson replaces the wooden livery stable next door with brick, Italianate- style, Johnson Hall.

Fourth story was added to Gardiner Hotel and the name was Evans Hotel.

Paper mills were established.

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1880’s

Johnson Hall’s lowers stories were replaced by storefronts.

The Milliken Block was built and was Water Street’s largest Victorian- era commercial block.

Ice production begins to flourish along with shoes,leather, and paper mills.

Henry Richards designs brick and stone library. Built in the English Jacobean Style.

Covered Bridge becomes a free bridge.

1896 Flood, destroys Covered Bridge, Steel bridge begins construction.

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1936

1959

Movies start showing at Johnson Hall and a one story wing was added to the library.

The Evans Hotel was damaged by fire and demolished.

Flood, water rose to an elevation of 26.4 feet.

1920’s

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Ice industry ends its flourish.

Movies stop showing at Johnson Hall. 1909

1970

1960’s

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1987 Flood, declared as a major disaster by President Reagan.

New steel and concrete bridge was built, and the 1896 bridge was demolished.

Johnson Hotel was demolished and a park was created.

Entire downtown historic district became one of the National Register of Historic Places.

Many mills suffer decline and closure.

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HISTORY Gardiner is located in a corner of two flowing bodies of water. The Kennebec River and the Cobbesseecontee Stream once were the foundation to a booming economy, an economy that included logging, ice exporting, shoes, and many others. First, these goods were shipped out by boat and not too much longer the rail road was introduced helping the economy. Gardiner had a total of ten wharfs along the waterfront serving the shipping industry in 1849. Gardiner was known worldwide for their ice and so from this bit of knowledge we know that at one point Gardiner was much more successful than it is today. With great success in exporting goods, came great success in a developing town. The downtown or Water Street had the largest Victorian era commercial block known as the Milliken block in 1876. Gardiner had the Johnson Hall which started showing movies in 1929. Next to the Johnson Hall was the Johnson House were guest could stay along with four other hotels in Gardiner’s peak. What really strikes me is that even after the ice industry starts to decline Gardiner was still able to add a one story wing to the library. This wing was added in 1929 which may have been a good time to expand the public use of the downtown and waterfront. As I have learned in class, zoning wasn’t introduced until the 1920’s and Gardiner may have suffered from this. After looking at insurance maps that date back to as far as 1884, it is clear (for obvious reasons) that development started to occur around these bodies of water. A pond was built to house logs. The stream was utilized for energy by five different dams and from that the industries took over this beautiful area. Though industry is good for a town and was good for the people of Gardiner it may have not been too kind on their health and well-being. This may have been part of the reason why Gardiner is not as successful today. Within a mile radius of the current Hannaford you can see the “diverse” mixture of buildings that it contains, especially noting the old industrial buildings. Beyond that point you can expect there was the development of neighborhoods. Many of the mills start to suffer and decline in the 1960’s and today there are different kind of good being offered from Gardiner. Libby Park is the new industrial area. They are still developing with plots of land ready to be bought and built on. Though they may not be offering as many physical goods they are doing something and that something is many miles away from the downtown. With this in mind, though Gardiner has brought on development which may be good for expansion it may also have had a negative effect on the business in downtown considering those in Libby Park will not have enough time on their lunch breaks to help the economy in the downtown. Without the need for water energy it is slightly disappointing to see that these streams are wasted potential. Not to mention the rise of water levels, adding to three great floods in Gardiner’s history, one considered to be a natural disaster by President Reagan. Gardiner’s downtown consist of a lower income with more money in the eastern hills. The question is how do we bring more money into the downtown? At this point I am not entirely convinced that one work of architecture could capture such a feat. With the downtown at the bottom of a steep hill it can be discouraging to travel. What comes to mind is using the stream to create an alternative energy for a part of Gardiner, thus saving money on other energies and using that money to rehabilitate the downtown. Fixing upper levels for business and dwelling.

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ANALYSIS - PART II

Introduction

Site - SectionSite - ViewsSite - Solar

General Program

Precedents

Production Information

With a disappointing end to the trail system at Hannaford, It may be beneficial to continue the path into the downtown following the Cobbosseecontee stream. With potential parks and bike/ walking/ running paths interwoven along the stream In the woods connecting the massing of houses south and north of the blue line in the diagram above.

EXTENSION - CONNECTIONThe trail system could pass through downtown past the proposed “work of architecture” that will allow the users a place to stop and enjoy drink, food, and company before they continue their adventure.Left- Let us put Gardiner on the map so beer enthusiasts from the world can visit as they tour through Maine.

GARDINER MAINE

GARDINER MAINE

I believe architecture has the ability to invite people to a welcoming community. By altering the “front door” of a “space” we can engage a user much deeper into a warm rhythm bouncing from inspiration to inspiration. This “front door” is the image that the downtown can revitalize by designing a new use in the space that I feel vectors have led me to believe that there is potential in community growth.

Does Architecture have the power to bring communities together?

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The location of the potential brewery has the ability to bring more life to Gardiner by extending the downtown west. The location is perfect for Gardiner as the many commuters on 201 have a chance to see the extension of downtown. As you come from the West into the downtown your eye is sure to catch this brewery as you approach the heart of Gardiner. From the site itself we have the potential to expand your view to the downtown or the Kennebec as you sit down with a cold beer waiting for your meal. With brewery’s gaining much popularity in the recent years I feel that this business addition and restaurant can really help to revitalize Gardiner.

SITE VIEWS

Family Dollar = about 35,000 SQ FT

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View through downtown

View through stream

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A - The approach from the west leads you to an almost axial view of the site. B - Getting closer

C - A peek of the site before the intersection.D - View from the 201 intersection that 30,000 cars use every day.

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Sections A and B indicate that the site is fairly flat.

Section C indicates slope in stream - a study of potential hydro power.

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June 21 - 8 AM Dec 21 - 8 AM

Dec 21 - 12 PM

Dec 21 - 3 PM

June 21 - 12 PM

June 21 - 3 PM

SITE SOLAR

Potential for greenhouse = fresh produce all year long

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Establishments that produce and serve alcohol have been pillars of communities since literally the foundation of civilization. A pub or public house has been the birthplace of many of the most important ideas in history; providing a space free of some of the stricter social conventions that can restrict thought and expression. That’s not to say that this type of establishment is necessarily a positive but by arranging program and designing with intention we can achieve a space for a stronger sense of pride and community.

This will be a place for groups of friends who might not otherwise interact to come together and bond over conversation, expression, and ideas, thus strengthening the community outside. It will, ideally, be an institution of the community, as important as the town hall, library, and school, one that instills pride in the community.

As the establishment ages, it will be able to export to the state and perhaps beyond, and grow the industry as well as the social cultural historic significance of Gardiner.

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Dining/ DrinkingSocializationEntertainmentGathering/ EventEducation

PUBLIC/PRIVATE

SocializationEntertainmentBrewing/ EventGrowing

PRIVATE

HarvestPreperationCleaning

WHY A BREW PUB/ BREWERY / PUBLIC HALL?

GENERAL PROGRAM

Shipyard Brewing CompanyRetail Store

Video room

Malt storage - 3465 SQ FT

Hop cooler - 1420 SQ FT

Sugar storage

Soda area

Storage

Keg cooler - 460 SQ FT

Finished goods - 900 SQ FT

Shipyard storage - 1620 SQ FT

Bottling line - 2460 SQ FT

Loading docks - 576 SQ FT

Empty keg storage - 288 SQ FT

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Shipyard opened in 1992 as Federal Jacks’ Restaurant and Brew Pub and in 1994 took the name we know now.

Shipyard provides 81,641 barrels per year (2008)

Portland

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Allagash Brewing Company

Staff - 1540 SQ FT

Brewing - 11446 SQ FT

Bar - 2160 SQ FT

Total - 15146 SQ FT


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Portland

Allagash was founded in 1994 and has one location in Portland, ME.

Allagash production output is 45,000 barrels per year.

Gritty McDuff ’s Restaurant, Brew Pub, and Microbrewery

Kitchen/ Staff - 851 SQ FT


Restaurant - 2139 SQ FT

Total - 4853 SQ FT

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Gritty ’s opened in 1988 and has three locations. Auburn, Portland and Freeport being the largest manufacturer of the three.

Freeport

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View B

Left- A view inside Gritty ’s Brewing Company. The use of benches in an axial space like this promotes a social environment only for the people facing each other thus l imiting the outward experience. This organization is good for a more personalized setting.

Right- Monday Night Brewing in Atlanta, GA has an open floor plan with a small stage along one of the walls. Cofounder Jonathan Baker says his four friends loved the “communal feel of random people coming together,” with his intentions being very similar to mine this was a great space to land on. The arrangement of furniture seems relaxed and flexible. Perfect for arranging intimate settings or directing the community, bringing the people together under an idea.


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View from inside public space

Public Space

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Freeport Brewing CompanyFreeport

Kitchen/ Staff - 2194 SQ FT


Restaurant - 5200 SQ FT

Private Dining - 377 SQ FT

Outdoor - 1278 SQ FT

Total - 15349 SQ FT

Urge: Craft Alley /San DiegoCraft Alley will feature a 15-barrel system, restaurant with seating for about 450 guests, and bottle shop and eight bowling lanes in a 22,000 square foot space on Hacienda Drive. (Family dollar is currently 35,000 square feet) This establishment will feature 52 draft beers and more than 100 in the bottle. 50 tap handles featuring 5-10 house beers.

They expect to produce 1,000 barrels in the first year. The California Alcoholic Beverage control will l imit the establishment ’s production of beer to no more than 5,000 barrels a year since the owners are classified as restaurateurs. Craft Alley will create more than 100 jobs.Bowling Alley

Freeport Brewing Company

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Production Breweries from Soundbrew.com

A production brewery should in most cases choose a brewhouse size of atleastfifteenbarrels.Smallersystemswillgenerallyrequiretoomuchlaborperbarreltobemorethanmarginallyprofitable,andwilltendtorunoutofcapacitybeforeturningadecentprofit,necessitatingreplacementofequipmentwithinthreeyearsofopening.Thatsaid,anumberofbreweries have started with smaller systems and up sized within one to two years after opening (the “bootstrap method”), and many of these are still operating. The present climate would not seem too friendly to this style of start-up. A production brewery should ideally open its doors with a minimum of 1,500 barrels of annual capacity, and a minimum of two to three primary fermenters for an ale facility. As for lager beer, increase all sizeandcostrequirementscomparedtoalebreweriesbyafactorof1.5-2.0. Lager is extremely capital intensive to make in a small production breweryandmayonlybeprofitableatvolumesinexcessof10,000-20,000 barrels per year.

Brewpubs

The usual minimum rational size for brewpub start-up systems is a seven barrelsystem.Thiswillsufficeforsmalltomediumsized,retailonlybrewpubs (up to 125 seats). In certain instances, very small, limited operationsmaycallforthreetofivebarrelsystems.Anybrewpubthatis larger than 125 seats or one that plans to wholesale any product to other outlets will likely need at least a ten barrel system. A 7 barrel brewerysystemwilloccupy750-1000squarefeet,andlargeronesupto 1700. Total space for even a small operation should not be less than 2500squarefeet,and4000-5000ismuchbetter.Ifthebrewerywillalsoproduce beer for sale to other establishments, considerably more space willbeneededtostore,washandfillkegsand/orbottles.

PRODUCTION INFORMATION

Freeport Brewing Company

THE PROJECT - PART IIIIntentionStateCityProgramFloorplansSectionsElevationsPerspectivesModel

Intention Engagement

Establishments that produce and serve alcohol have been pillars of communities since the foundation of civilization. A pub or public house has been the birthplace of many of the most important ideas in history. By providing a space free of the stricter social conventions that can restrict thought and expression and by arranging program and designing with intention we can achieve a space for a stronger sense of pride and community. It will, ideally, be an institution of the community, as important as the town hall, library, and school, one that instills pride in the community.

This work of architecture can be a place for groups of friends who might not otherwise interact to come together and bond through conversation, expression, and ideas, thus strengthening the community outside as a whole. Carl Jung said “the meeting of two personalities is like the contact of two chemical substances: if there is any reaction, both are transformed.” What will promote this reaction will be the array of active engagement that the establishment will offer from a few friendly games of pool or darts, to a stage wherealocalbandcanplaywhilepeopleletlooseonthedancefloor.Evenaquietconversationovercandlelightwhileoverlookingthe stream. These activities will allow for different demographics to come together and enjoy what they please without the pressure of having to stay seated while twiddling thumbs as they try to think of what to say next. The goal of these activities are to act as smallintermissionsinthestructureofourlives,allowingustoflowwithoutresistanceintonewideasorchannelsmuchliketheCobbosseecontee stream into the Kennebec River.

As the establishment matures, it will be able to export to the state and perhaps beyond, and grow the industry as well as the social culturalhistoricsignificanceofGardiner.

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“Beer is proof that God loves us and wants us to be happy.”

- Benjamin Franklin

201

Mechanic St

Water St

Church

St

Gardiner Maine

Gardiner, Maine

Getting Gardiner on the Map

“Established in 2009, the Maine Beer Trail spotlights the highqualityandcreativediversityoffresh,hand-crafted,Maine-made beer. The purpose of the Trail is to give visitors auniquewaytoenjoythevibrantmicroandcraftbrewingindustry found throughout the state. The Maine Beer Trail is an easy to follow brochure that can be used throughout the statetofindnearbypubsandbreweries.HittheMaineBeerTrail and get rewarded!” - Maine Brewers Guild

Introducing a brewery / eatery to Gardiner is a sure way to get people engaged in the beauty of this city. With the help of the Maine Brewers Guild and a bunch of thirsty people, Gardiner could be put on the Maine Beer Trail and start to getalittlemoreflavor.

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This diagram depicts the efforts of connecting the brewery to existing businesses around by offering outdoor seating to accommodate the lack of outdoor seating / available seating at each business

(A1 has very limited seating and is a prime candidate for engagement between the two.)

Pocket Park Connection

This diagram depicts views to and from the proposed architecture. The views inside will utilise the stream. The views from the outside will engage the eye into a curious mind set especially at night when the glass presents a warm glow.

Views - In and Out

Proposed Building

View In

View Out

Proposed Building

Green SpaceRestaurant

Engagement

: to get and keep (someone’s attention, interest, etc.)

:tostartfightingagainst(anopponent)(formal)

Engage

A Pattern Language - 90 Beer Hall; pg. 446

Wethinkthattherearetwocriticalqualitiesforthesetting:

The place holds a crowd that is continuously mixing between functions-thebar,thedancefloor,afire,darts,thebathrooms,the entrance, the seats; and these activities are concentrated and located round the edge so that they generate continual criss-crossing.

The seats should be largely in the form of tables for four to eight setinopenalcoves-thatis,tablesthataredefinedforsmallgroups, with walls, columns, and curtains- but open at both ends.

This form helps sustain the life of the group and lets people come in and out freely. Also, when the tables are large, they invite people to sit down with a stranger or another group.

Therefore:

Somewhere in the community at least one big place where a few hundred people can gather, with beer and wine, music and perhaps a half-dozen activities, so that people are continuously criss-crossing from one to another.

2

1

Restaurant

Brewery

View - Section47

1 Smell

Sound

View

Soft Loud

KitchenBar

Green Space

KitchenBarPool Tables (2)Stage

Brewery

Prime Seating

BarPool Tables (2)Stage

BreweryGreen Space

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2

Theopenalcove-supportsthefluidityofthescene.

S1

S2

Brewery / Eatery Floor Plan

S2

Brewery / Eatery Basement Plan

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Brewery / Eatery Sections

S1

S2

Brewery / Eatery Elevatons

West Face

East Face

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Perspectives

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Model

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BibliographyAlexander, Christopher, Sara Ishikawa, and Murray Silverstein. A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction. New York: Oxford UP, 1977. Print.

Online Sources -

www.soundbrew.com

http://www.gardinermaine.com/Public_Documents/GardinerME_Depts/assess

http://www.growwithgardiner.net/

http://www.gardinermainstreet.org/

http://www.westcoastersd.com/tag/urge-craft-alley/

Date post:	23-Feb-2017
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