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Introduction

Impact of History

Different Networks Reason for New Research

Comparisons

Advantage

Disadvantage

Future Outlook

Conclusion

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0G Refers to pre-cell phone mobile telephony

technology, such as radio telephones that some

had in cars before the advent of cell phones.

One such technology is the Autoradiopuhelin

(ARP) ,launched in 1971 Finland as the countrys

first public commercial mobile network.

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Simplest type to wireless data.

Average Speed between 4800 to 9600 bps.

Analog

Continuous in amplitude and time.

Variations in the signal- disrupts over longdistances.

This technology was introduced in the 80s andcontinued until being replaced by the 2Gdigital phones

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Advantages

Wireless telecommunication technology

This Facilitates the voice calls and sending textmessages.

Different 1G standards were used in variouscountries.

Disadvantages

Require more battery power

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Digital consists of 1s and 0s. Digital data can be compressed and

multiplexed much more effectively than analogvoice encodings. Allows for lower powered radio signals that

require less battery power. CODEC introduction -program that encodes

and decodes digital data stream or signal. Translates data from digital to analog and vice

versa.

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Advantages The lower power emissions helped address health concerns. Going all-digital allowed for the introduction of digital data

services, such as SMS and email. Enhanced privacy

Disadvantages 2G's digital signals Cell towers had a limited coverage area Jagged Decay curve Abrupt dropped calls Analog gradual sound reduction

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.

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Large capacity and broadband capabilities

Allows the transmission of 384kbps for mobilesystems and up to 2Mbps

Global Roaming.

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Advantages

Increased spectrum efficiency 5Mhz

A greater number of users that can besimultaneously supported by a radio frequencybandwidth.

High data rates at lower incremental cost than

2G.

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High input fees for the 3G service licenses Great differences in the licensing terms Current high debt of many telecommunication

companies, making it more of a challenge tobuild the necessary infrastructure for 3G Government are forced to support to the

financially troubled operators 3G phones are expensive Lack of 2G mobile user buy-in for 3G wireless

service Lack of coverage because it is still a new

service.

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High-Speed data access

High-quality streaming video

Combination ofWi-Fi andWi-Max

SDR, OFDM, OFDMA andMIMO

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Limitation to meet expectations of applications likemultimedia, full motion video, wireless teleconferencing

Wider Bandwidth

Difficult to move and interoperate due to differentstandards hampering global mobility and service portability

Primarily Cellular (WAN) with distinct LANs; need a newintegrated network

Limitations in applying recent advances in spectrally more

efficient modulation schemes Need all all digital network to fully utilize IP and converged

video and data

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What is 4G? Fourth Generation Technology

Faster and more reliable 100Mb/s (802.11g wireless = 54Mb/s, 3G = 2Mb/s) Lower cost than previous generations Multi-standard wireless system Bluetooth,Wired,Wireless (802.11x) Ad Hoc Networking IPv6 Core OFDM used instead of CDMA Potentially IEEE standard 802.11n Most information is proprietary

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AT & T

Sprint-Nextel

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Increase in Data Speed-Indoors&Outdoors

Decrease in Congestion Risk

Real time streaming of Audio&Video

Better Quality

High Security

All types of Services

Affordable Cost

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Technology 3G 4G

Data Transfer Rate 3.1MB/sec 100MB/sec

Internet Services Broadband Ultrabroadband

Mobile-TV Resolution Low High

Bandwidth 5-20MHz 100+MHz

Frequency 1.6-2 GHZ 2-8 GHZ

Network Architecture Wide Area Network Hybrid Network

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Multimedia

AnytimeMobile anywhere

GlobalMobility Support

IntegratedWireless Solution

Customized Personal Service

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Battery usage is more

Hard to implement

Need complicated hardware

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Socio-Economic Impact

More affordable communication services

One device can communicate with all vs. many devicescommunicating with some devices

TV, internet, phone, radio, home environment sensorsall reachable through one device the cell phone

Streaming HD video

Too connected? Increase in social networking, invasion of privacy,

security concerns.

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4G is coming quicker

Wireless is cheaper

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High Speed, Capacity, low cost per bit

Single worldwide cellular network

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THANK U

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Abhishek Jagwani

Anusha Khan

Dhaval Shah

KailashMotwani

Kanchan Ahuja

Neha Punjabi

Sanjay Bhatia