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Final Jeopardy Question
Sci Rev Vocabulary
500
ReligionPoliticsDocuments Misc.
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Explain Descartes’ scientific method (3 things
Back
Doubt; deductive; empirical; Discourse on Method; Follow a methodology, easy to difficult
Identify 3 female scientists of the Sci.Rev:
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Cavendish, Chatelet, Winkelmann, Merian
How did the Catholic Church explain theUniverse before the Sci Rev?
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Geocentric, perfect, no movement, spheres,Aristotlean…
3 scientists on the planets:
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Copernicus; Brahe; Kepler; Galileo
2 theories on Newton
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Universal laws; gravity; inertia
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Epistemology
How knowledge is gained
Empiricism
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All knowledge must be proven with evidence
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Cartesian dualism
Descartes’ idea that the spiritual and physical worlds are separate
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Identify 3 characteristics of the enlightenment:
Optimism; tolerance; pro-education; skeptical; freedom; equality; reason; enlightened despotism
Pantheism vs. deism:
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God is in every living thing vs. God created the universe and is like a clockmaker
Pascal’s text and ideology
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Pensees; wager that God does exist
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Cesar Beccaria and ideology
On Crime and Punishment; improved justice system, fair trials, no torture
Two Treatises on Government; Essay on Human Understanding
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John Locke
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Social Contract and Emile
Rousseau
Treatise on Tolerance; Candide
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Voltaire
Choose 2 Enlightened monarchs and tellHow they’re enlightened
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Frederick the Great—modernized economy; tolerant; revised legal syst
Catherine the Great—improved economy; expanded; arts, ed promoted; not enlit—suppressed more serfs; pro-nobles
Joseph II—abolished robot; improved economy, industry; relig toleration; tech for agriculture
Rousseau’s social contract:
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Individual rts not as impt as general will and common good; happiness impt.
Montesquieu’s contributions to the AmericanPolitical system
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Checks and balances; sep of powers
Women’s rights advocate and what sheWrote:
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Mary Wollestonecraft; Vindication of the Rts of Woman
Locke’s natural rights:
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Given by creator; life, liberty, pursuit of property
Adam Smith’s ideas:
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Laissez-faire capitalism; markets drive economy
Locke vs. Hobbes on human nature:
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Locke—nature created by society/tabula rasa
Hobbes—nature is selfish, competitive
Galileo, two of his ideas that break with theRoman Catholic Church:
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Moon not perfect; earth moves; heliocentric, inertia
The ideas that most clearly connected theScientific Rev to the Enlightenment:
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Newton’s Universal laws of nature (3 laws)
What was Voltaire satiring in Candide?
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Nobles, philosophes, empiricism, laziness
Most extreme perspective on God and 1Advocate of that idea
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Atheism; D’Holbach
Two 1660s mathematicians that arguedThat God exists, or probably does
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Spinoza and Pascal
New idea about traditional religion Spouted by many
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Tolerance; against superstition
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God as clockmaker; created universe, set itIn motion
Deism
First scientific ideas that contradicted the Roman Catholic Church
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Heliocentrism; eliptical orbits; new stars; moon and earth moves
Who were the scientists that focused on the human body instead of the heavens? 3 or more
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Harvey; Malpighi; Loewenhoek; etc