Testing and evaluation

in Foreign Language Teaching

Bloom’s TaxonomyBloom’s TaxonomyThree domains of educational activities:• Cognitive Domain: involves knowledge and the deve

lopment of intellectual attitudes and skills

• Affective Domain

• Psychomotor Domain (Bloom, 1956)

Evaluation

Bloom’taxonomy• Cognitive

• Affective

• Psychomotor

Colombian view• Cognitivo

• Actitudinal

• Procedimental

Cognitive ObjectivesCognitive Objectives• Knowledge• Comprehension

• Application

• Analysis• Synthesis• Evaluation

Simple

Complex

KnowledgeKnowledgeThe remembering of previously learned materialExamples of learning objectives:

-know common terms-know specific facts-know methods and procedures-know basic concepts-know principles

Knowledge (ExampleKnowledge (Example))

Who wrote Oliver Twist?

A. D.H. Lawrence

B. Charles Dickens

C. Ernest Hemmingway

D. William Shakespeare

Verbs specifying different sortVerbs specifying different sorts of outcome (Knowledge)s of outcome (Knowledge)

arrange order define recognize duplicate

label recall list repeat memorize

state relate reproduce

ComprehensionComprehensionThe ability to grasp the meaning of materialExamples of learning objectives:-understand facts and principles-interpret verbal materials-interpret charts and graphs-translate verbal material to mathematical formulae -justify methods and procedures

Comprehension (ExaComprehension (Example)mple)

"Ability is nothing without opportunity."

(N. Bonaparte)

A. You need an opportunity to use your abilities

B. You can have an ability but if you do not use,

it’s useless

C. The person who has abilities need to use them

ComprehensionComprehension

classify locate describe recognize discuss

report explain restate express review

identify select indicate translate

ApplicationApplicationThe ability to use learned material in new and conc

rete situationsExamples of learning objectives:• -apply concepts and principles to new situations• apply laws and theories to practical situations• solve mathematical problems• construct graphs and charts• demonstrate the correct usage of a method or pr

ocedure

Application (ExampApplication (Example)le)

In each of the following sentences, indicate whether the highlighted word is pronoun it, dummy it, or anticipatory it.I think you've broken it. – Pronoun it – Dummy it – Anticipatory it

ApplicationApplication

apply operate choose practice demonstrate

schedule dramatize sketch employ solve

illustrate use interpret write

AnalysisAnalysisThe ability to break down material into its component

partsExamples of learning objectives:• recognize unstated assumptions• recognize logical fallacies in reasoning• distinguish between facts and inferences• evaluate the relevancy of data• analyze the organizational structure of a work

Analysis (ExaAnalysis (Example)mple)

to what extent the content-based approach differs from the task-based approach. Give examples.

AnalysisAnalysis

analyze differentiate appraise discriminate calculate

distinguish categorize examine compare experiment

contrast question criticize test

SynthesisSynthesisThe ability to put parts together to form a new whole Examples of learning objectives:• write a well organized theme• give a well organize speech• write a creative short story• propose a plan for an experiment• integrate learning from different areas into a plan f

or solving a problem

Synthesis (ExaSynthesis (Example)mple)

Write a paragraph summarizing the text you have read. Your summary should have a topic sentence defining the problem, some of the causes, some of the effects, and a conclusion.

SynthesisSynthesis

arrange formulate assemble manage collect

organize compose plan construct prepare

create propose design write

EvaluationEvaluationThe ability to judge the value of material for a given pu

rpose based on definite criteria

Examples of learning objectives:

- judge the logical consistency of written material

-judge the adequacy with which conclusions are supported by data

-judge the value of a work by the use of internal criteria (organization) or external standards of excellence

Evaluation (ExamEvaluation (Example)ple)

“The United States took part in the Gulf War against Irak BECAUSE of the lack of civil liberties imposed on the Kurds by Saddam Hussein’s regime.”A. The assertion and the reason are both correct and the reason is va

lid.B. The assertion and the reason are both correct but the reason is in

valid. C. The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect.D. The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct.E. Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.

EvaluationEvaluation

appraise judge argue predict assess

rate attach score choose select

compare support estimate evaluate

Advantages of specifying learniAdvantages of specifying learning outcomesng outcomes

• Help students learn more effectively.• Make it clear what students can hope to gain from a

course.• Help instructors to design their materials more effec

tively.• Help instructors select the appropriate teaching stra

tegy.• Assist in setting examinations based on the materials

delivered.• Ensure that appropriate assessment strategies are e

mployed.

BehavioralObjectives

ProcessDescripto

rs

ProductDescript

ors

QualityAssuran

ce in Teachi

ng