Final PresentationAugust 4th, 2011

Rayburn House Office Building 2325

Marc Christopher CanellasSeniorMechanical & Aerospace Engineering

At Wheel Stop: A Review of U.S. Human Space Exploration Policy

How has the U.S. achieved human space exploration?

The Apollo Theory – 1962

John F. Kennedy

?“We choose to go to the moon.”

7 Years

http://img.ibtimes.com/www/data/images/full/2011/05/25/103741-jfk.jpg

The Apollo Theory – 1969

http://www.space-images.com/wallpapers/apollo/11-flag1/apollo11_01_1024x768.jpg

The Apollo Theory – 1989

?Space Exploration Initiative (SEI)

Space Station Freedom, Moon, and MarsGeorge H.W. Bush

20 to 30 years

http://www.thespacereview.com/archive/59a.jpg

The Apollo Theory – 1992, 1996

http://www.personal.psu.edu/t3b/Tom'smediafolder/media%20SpCom%20597c%20spring%202002/Clinton%20state%20of%20the%20union%201995.jphttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Artist's_Conception_of_Space_Station_Freedom_-_GPN-2003-00092.jpg/400px-Artist's_Conception_of_Space_Station_Freedom_-_GPN-2003-00092.jpghttp://www.astrobio.net/albums/album07/acw.sized.jpg

The Apollo Theory – 2004

?Vision for Space Exploration (VSE)

MoonGeorge W. Bush - 2004

16 years

The Apollo Theory – 2010

Kennedy Space CenterAsteroid

Barack Obama http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2727/4524296460_2bf3832e29.jpghttp://www.thespacereview.com/article/1616/1

Why is human spaceflight important to me?

Human Spaceflight

Inspiration Advanced R&D

Aerospace Industry

NASA

Economy

Defense Sector

Human Spaceflight is NASA

Human Spaceflight

53%

Science24%

Other23%

NASA Budget FY 2010

NASA Mission Statement: “to pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research.”

Inspiration for the Workforce

Human Space-flight47%

No mention27%

General Space-flight26%

Human space programs

40%

Main Reason For Being an Aerospace Engineer

AIAA: When Did You Know?

Aerospace and Defense Industry

“Federal Government has been the aerospace industry’s biggest customer… NASA is a major purchaser”

Supports more than 10 million jobs

Leads U.S. economy in net exports

Disproportionate boost to economy

NASA sets ambitious goals beyond what commercial space projects can undertakehttp://www.jsf.mil/downloads/down_logo.html

Courtesy Moog Inc.http://www.aerospacenews.com/space_pictures/albums/userpics/10001/normal_space.shuttle.atlantis.sts-115.launch.9-9-2006.06pp2146.cu.gal.jpg

Demographic Cliff #fail

?

1989 – Space Exploration InitiativeIncrease NASA funding from1% to 3% of

the Federal Budget

1966

2004 – Vision For Space ExplorationNeeded increase of $3 billion per year

1968

“NASA needs resources and direction”

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 20153000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

2009 Budget Request2010 Budget Request2011 Budget RequestAllocated Budget

Budg

et o

f NA

SA E

xplo

ratio

n D

i-re

ctor

ate

(USD

in m

illio

ns)

Unrealistic Projections

Real Budget

Option 1: Decadal Survey (DS) Guide NASA Earth and planetary sciences‒No singular spaceflight community exists‒ Numerous studies have already been done

‒ The Ride Report (1987), Space Exploration Initiative (1989), The Augustine Commission (1990), Vision for Space Exploration (2004), Aldridge Commission Report (2004), Augustine Committee Report (2009), Obama Space Policy (2010), among othershttp://3.bp.blogspot.com/_2c603sPHh9Q/TN5x_ItB8-I/AAAA

AAAAAPU/H_uDwpK9gE8/s1600/eateh+dyd+.jpg

Option 2: International Cooperation

International involvement in the critical path stabilizes and provides long term direction Preserve commitments to our international partners

http://blog.seattlepi.com/aerospace/files/library/SOFIA_Door_Open.jpghttp://www.popsci.com/files/imagecache/article_image_large/articles/International%20Space%20Station%20-%201024x768.jpg

International Cooperation

Reduces U.S. costs, amplifies money spentEx: International Space Station

United StatesNASA

ESA

JAXA CSA

International Cooperation

$100 billion

$100 billion

$143 billion50% of ESA’s Columbus module56% of JAXA’s module

Roscosmos

Recommendation: International Cooperation

in the Critical Path

Long-term directionInternational pressures resist large changes in

direction

BudgetMore efficient use of moneyLess change in direction will allow for less wasted

money • $21 billion dollars wasted in last 20 years on human

spaceflight

Questions?

Thank you to each of the following:Ed Feddeman

Fellow WISE InternsJim Head

Dan HendricksonJohn Horek

Bruce MahoneTim MellonKen Monroe

Ian PrykeFrank SlazerMarcia SmithErica WissolikSandy Yeigh