Multivariate Methodology Assessment
Final Report on the Mission and Aransas Rivers
James TolanJames Tolan
Janet Nelson
TPWD – Coastal Fisheries
Scope of Work
• Physicochemical measurements
• Water and sediment quality
• Flow measurements
• Nekton and benthic sampling
• Instream and riparian habitat
classification
• Land cover classification
Biological
Physical Chemical
Assessment Methodology
• Multivariate, community-based
– Resemblance matrix
• Highly visual techniques • Highly visual techniques
– Cluster Analysis, MDS, PCA
• Analysis based on bootstrap permutations
– ANOSIM, SIMPER, RELATE
Biological
Physical Chemical
G
Theoretical MD S – Imp aired
Waterbody
Transform: Square root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Stream A
B
C
F
E
2D Stress: 0.1
High
G
H
Intermediate Exceptional
Geographic Setting
Segment 2001
- 1 permitte d discharger into the
Tida l Segment,
- 2 permitte d dischargers above
th e Tida l Segment
Missio n River
1 = Upper
2 = Middle
3 = Lower
AL U - Presume d High
Fully Supportin g for D.O.
Non-Supportin g for Rec.
Contact - Bacteria
ss on
Mission 1
Mi i 2Mission 2
Mission 3
Upstream Downstream
Segment 2003
- 4 permitte d dischargers
al l wel l Upstream
- 5 permitte d dischargers belo w the
Tida l Segment vi a Chiltipi n Creek
Aransas River
1 = Upper
2 = Middle
3 = Lower
AL U - Presume d High
Fully Supportin g for D.O.
Non-Supportin g for Rec.
Contact - Bacteria
ransas
Aransas 1
A 2Aransas 2
Aransas 3
Upstream Downstream
Wastewater Outfalls
Me
an
alin
ity
(PS
U)
M-A Study = Drought
Sa
linity (
PS
U)
30
40
50
60
Spring Summer Fall Spring Summer Fall
Me
an
S
0
10
20
Mission River (MR 1)
Aransas River (AR 1)
2008 2009
Water Colum n Profiles (Surface)
2
4 Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
Avg DO mg/L
Secchi MR 1
MR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0
PCA Analysis MDS Means Plot
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
-4
-2
0
PC
2
Avg Temp
Avg pH
Avg Salinity
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
DataS onde Deployments
MR 1
AR 2
MR 3
2D Stress: 0.01
2
4 Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
PCA Analysis MDS Means Plot
MR 2
AR 1
AR 3
MR 3
-4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
-2
0
PC
2
Temp_C
DO mg/L
pH
Salinity
Sediment Composit ion (Middle)
4
6 Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
Gravel
MR 1
MR 2
AR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0
PCA Analysis MDS Means Plot
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2
PC1
-2
0
2
PC
2
Organic Carbon, Total
Percent MoistureSiltClay
Sand
MR 3
AR 1
TKN
W ater Quality Measurements
MR 1
MR 2
AR 1
2D Stress: 0
2
4
6 Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
BOD
TSS VSS
Ammonia
TKN
Phosphorus
Chloride Orthophosphate
PCA Analysis MDS Means Plot
MR 3
AR 2
AR 3
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
-4
-2
0
2
PC
2
BOD
Nitrate-N
Chloride Orthophosphate
W ater Quality Measurements
2
4
6 Orthophosphate
6E-2
0.24
0.42 BOD
TSS VSS
Ammonia
TKN
Phosphorus
Chloride Orthophosphate 2
4
6 Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
BOD
TSS VSS
Ammonia
TKN
Phosphorus
Chloride Orthophosphate
PCA Analysis
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
-4
-2
0
PC
2
0.6
Nitrate-N
Orthophosphate Overlay
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4
PC1
-4
-2
0
PC
2 Nitrate-N
Nek ton – B ag Seines
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0.27
MR 1
MR 2
AR 1
AR 2
2D Stress: 0.05
MDS Configuration MDS Means Plot
MR 2
MR 3
AR 3
Nek ton – B ag Seines
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0.27
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Season Spring
Summer
Fall
2D Stress: 0.27
MDS Configuration Seasonality
Nek ton - Trawls
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0.16 MR 1 AR 1AR 2 AR 3
2D Stress: 0.01
MDS Configuration MDS Means Plot
MR 2
MR 3
Nek ton – Trawls
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0.16
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Season Spring
Summer
Fall
2D Stress: 0.16
MDS Configuration Seasonality
Benthic Inverts (Middle)
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0.13
MR 1
AR 1
2D Stress: 0
MDS Configuration MDS Means Plot
MR 2
MR 3
AR 2
AR 3
MD S : Dat a Overlays Transform: Fourt h root Transform: Fourt h roResemblance: S1 7 Bray Curti s similarity Resemblance: S1 7
2 D Stress: 0.27 Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
Bag Seines
ot
Bray Curtis similarity
Salinity
5
20
35
50
2D Stress: 0.27
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Nitrate-N
0.1
0.4
0.7
1
2D Stress: 0.27
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
D.O.
1
4
7
10
2D Stress: 0.27
MD S : Dat a Overlays Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Station MR 1
MR 2
MR 3
AR 1
AR 2
AR 3
2D Stress: 0.27
Bag Seines
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Bay anchovy
100
400
700
1E3
2D Stress: 0.27
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Western mosquitofish
6
24
42
60
2D Stress: 0.27
Transform: Fourth root
Resemblance: S17 Bray Curtis similarity
Atlantic croaker
4
16
28
40
2D Stress: 0.27
Taxonomic Diversity
20
40
60
80
100
De
lta +
A A
B
A B A B A B
20
40
60
80
100
De
lta +
ns
Bag
Seine
Collections
MR 1 MR 2 MR 3 AR 1 AR 2 AR 3
Station
0
2008 2009
Year
0
20
40
60
80
100
De
lta +
A
B
Spring Summer Fall
Season
0
Bag Seine Trawl Benthic Infauna Water Column Profile Water Chemistry
Bag Seine ___
Trawl 0.158* ___
Benthic Infauna
0.099 0.230* ___
Agreemen t Amon g th e MD S Configurations
Water Column Profile
0.125* 0.230* 0.033 ___
Water Chemistry
0.063 0.024 -0.033 0.471** ___
Sediments -0.002 0.051 -0.148 0.084 0.276*
Probability of obtaining a larger correlation coefficient by random chance
(based on 1,000 permutations) denoted by: * = prob. < 0.01, ** = prob. < 0.001.
Significant correlations (ρs > 0.3) identified in bold.
Routi ne Field Parameters
Routi ne Field Parameters
MDS Means Plot
W ater Chemistry
Highland Bayou
Diversion Canal
Mission River
Texas City Pump Canal
TCPC
HBDC
Mission River
W ater Chemistry
Highland Bayou
Diversion Canal
Mission River
Texas City Pump Canal
TCPC
HBDC
Mission River
Trawl Collections
Summer Season
Collections
Study Streams
Biological Physiochemical Sediment Instream Flow Habitat
Average Taxonomic Diversity �o
SIMPER analysis used to
identify the best “candidate
indicator taxa or
constituents”
Sensitivity of
indicator taxa to
changes in
“other”
chemical and
physical data
collected
Part C
Index Development
Biocriteria For
Tidal Streams Index Score
Coast-wide Nekton
Abundanc e Patter ns i n Seines
Bay anchovy Grass shrimp
Gulf menhaden Brown shrimp
White shrimp Silversides
Relationships to Env . Variables
*** Normalized Abundance
Trend line = Nonlinear form E[y] = a *
xb
Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Salinity
Coast-wide Nekton
Abundanc e Patterns i n Trawls
Bay anchovy Gulf menhaden
Blue catfish
Atlantic croaker
White shrimp
Silver seatrout
Relationships to Env . Variables
Temperature Dissolved Oxygen Salinity
Summary (M /A Study)
• Watershed characteristics (=Salinity) appears to be the dominan t factor structuring biologica l communities – Patter n consistent across th e multipl e levels of
ecologica l integrity measure d for a number of studiesstudies
– Eve n accountin g for extrem e drought conditions
• Lowermos t Stations had the mos t “distinct ” nekton communities – Gear dependent
– Agrees wit h th e Habitat assessment
Summary (M /A - Coastal)
• Benthic Communities (and Aquatic Inverts) responded less to Salinity – Dominate d by opportunistic taxa an d species
define d as “ubiquitous” – floodin g event re-sets
• • DDii ssssooll vveed d OO xxyyggeenn ll eessss ii mpmpoorrttaannt t tthh aann SS aallii nniitty y in structuring the biologica l communities – Many estuaries wit h seasona l hypoxi a ar e som e of
th e most producti ve systems for fisheries
• The extreme euryhaline / physiologica l abilities o f the nekton almos t precludes a spatially applicable “IBI”
Summary (M /A – Coastal)
• ________________________
Biological
Chemical Physical