Presentation

on

Summer training

Topic : lathe machines

Submitted by: Rahul sharma 11308295 Lovely professional university

ABOUT THE COMPANY:

DELUX FOUNDARY is the name of the company in which I have completed my six weeks industrial training. This company is established in 1969 by Mr. Rakesh Sehdev.The trade mark of this company is KHALSA BOMB TOKA and trade Regd. No. is 232820. It is situated on G. T. ROAD, BATALA – 143505 (Pb.) INDIA. This company is Manufacturer & Exporter of all type lathe machine, manual driven chaff cutter machines and all type of agriculture implements.

Training work

The designing of all parts of lathe machine is done in Auto cad software. After the designing the production part comes into play where the bed of lathe machine is done by C.I casting and gears and apron are made up of steel. After manufacturing of all parts the assembling is done according to the drawing. I have also observed that before the installation of lathe machine how proper testing of soil is done for heavy duty lathe. I also calculate the dimensions of lathe machine after the production of lathe machine and observed the difference between the observed value and technically calculated values. I also came to know the different operating techniques of the lathe machine and also come to know about the maintainance of it.

LATHE MACHINE

“the mother of entire tool family”. A lathe operates on the principle of rotating workpiece and fixed

cutting tool. The cutting tool is feed into the work piece, which rotates about

its own axis, causing the work piece to be formed to the desired shape.

HISTORY

One of the oldest and most important machine tools. In 1569, wood lathe were in use in France. More demand, manufacturing also started in India.

CONSTRUCTION OF LATHE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GREEN SAND: Basic material Cast iron: Carbon (1.8-4% ) and silicon (1-3% ).

Physical property Equipment used Range

Moisture content Speedy moisture tester

3-5%

Permeability 

Permeability meter 50-90 N.A-2

Compatibility Compatibility machine

250-950 g/cm2

PROCEDURE IN PREPARATION OF LATHE MACHINE

Floor plan: The floor should be planned properly according to the size of machine.Sometimes for the heavy duty lathe we have to consider the strength of soil that it has the capability to withstand large casting weight.

Preparation of Greeen Sand Mixture: In mixture of green sand we are adding 92% of green sand, 3-5% water content, 5-7% bentonite powder. We mix all the compostion and thus green sand is prepared.

Preparation of Pattern: After the preparation of green sand mixture then the pattern of green sand is prepared and we generally used aluminium for making the pattern

Mould Preparation: In preparation of mould we put the pattern into the green sand and then the mould takes the shape of pattern and after we remove the pattern from the mould.

Cupola furnace: The pig iron along with silicon and manganese is put into cupola furnace where the mixture melts at 12000c temperature.

Pouring of Cast Iron: After the preparation of mould we put cast iron into the runner and we pour until it comes to the riser.

ASSEMBLING: After preparation of all parts the machine should be assembled properly according the drawing Grinding and planing: After the solidification the machine is proper grinded with grinder and with the help of

planner we are providing outer finish to it. Colouring: After completion of all the processes machine is properly coloured and proper primer is applied

before starting the colouring process.

. INSTALLATION OF LATHE MACHINE PLANT LAYOUT:

The floor space should be considered before installation of the machine. The necessary space for part storage should be left around while selecting space and location for lathe. Sufficient free space should be left around for the maintainance and overheating. FLOOR SPACE SELECTION DRAWING shows the plan layout of the lathe machine.

FOUNDATION: Foundation should be prepared as per the FOUNDATION DRAWING. Depth of

foundation depends upon safe bearing capacity of soil. A firm foundation is essential for heavy duty lathe machine to ensure the working accuracy.

CLEANING: Prior to dispatch, all slides, slide-ways, lead screws, rack, end gear train, all

bright and unpainted surfaces are coated with anti-corrosive/ rust preventive. This should be removed using kerosene or white spirit and wiped dry. Immediately all the bright machined surfaces should be oiled.

LIFTING: Use wooden blocks and link chain to lift the machine. Tailstock should be

removed and carriage should be moved to right to achieve the proper balance

ERECTION: The machine erection on the foundation should be carefully done. The foundation

bolts and levelling plates should be arranged as per the foundation drawing. Taper wedges should be used first to obtain the approximate level.

LEVELING The machine should be levelled accurately to obtain the satisfactory performance. It

should be placed on well laid foundation made according to the foundation drawing. Use precision level graduated to 0.02mm per metre

Levelling

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS:

Protect your eyes; wear safety glasses. Wear shoes with oil Resistant soles. If you have long hairs tie it back. Do not wear long sleeved clothing. Make sure your area is free from chips, coolant and air-hoses or

anything that can be get in your way and cause you to slip or fall. Care should be taken while removing the part for replacement or

repair. When performing “POWER ON” maintainance or checking of moving

parts, in operation, extreme caution should be taken. These parts can cause serious injury

OPERATING

HEAD STOCK: Controls are given on switch board like press start button to start

the machine and stop button to stop the machine. Point 2 shows the variable change levers. Point 3 shows reverse and forward lever; do not change the gear

while machine is working. Point 4 shows oil lever in the headstock. Head stock adjustment screws are provided on both sides of the

Headstock to align the headstock

APRON CONTROLS:

The lead screw Engage Lever (2) is used to engage or disengage the lead screw rapidly at the time when a threading operation is to being performed. Moving the lever counter clockwise will engage the lever and moving it clockwise will disengage.

The cross/longitudinal feed selection lever (3). A cross slide handle (4) is provided fixed with cross slide lead screw is used to operate the cross slide manually.

A hand wheel (5) is provided on the apron to move the carriage manually

CARRIAGES AND COMPOUND REST:

Compound rest is fitted on the cross slide. It can rotate 3600 angle.

For bolts (8) are provided at the both sides of the compound rest to

clamp it at any required angle. A 3600 graduation is in scripted at

the cross slide top to measure the angle compound rest.

The taper wedges and adjustment screw (4), (6) are provided to

adjust the sliding clearance on the slides.

BED GAP:

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Bed gap provides the extra swing dia of the machine when it is removed from the machine. When it is fixed on the bed it gives the extra length of the slide ways of the bed near the head stock. When fixing the bed gap, the resting sheet should be well cleaned and oiled.

NORTON BOX

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Thread selection lever is provided on the Norton gear box to obtain the required range of thread with the help of thread chart. The quick change lever is used to select the lead of feed.

TAIL STOCK:

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Tail stock can be position anywhere along the length of bed and can be clamped by tightening the hex

nuts. When hex nuts are tightened, the clamping plate moves upward and locking against bed lips.

The tailstock quill can be locked at desired position by tightening the cam lock lever. A hand wheel

provided in the backside of the tail stock and fixed with a lead screw. It facilitates to give in feed to the

drill when drilling operation is being performed.

LUBRICATION POINTS:

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. Two grease cups fixed on the top of head stock to provide the grease in the spindle bearing be

checked after every 2 months and should be filled if required.

2. The spindle cone pulley required intensive care of lubrication. A lubrication hole provided in the

middle of V- groove on the pulley.

3. All lubrication points shown in the lubrication drawing should be checked and filled with oil daily.

CHECKS: Check all the oil cups are filled with Mobil oil. Clean chips and dust from machine and its slide ways. Check and lubricate back gear. Lubricate all the gears on the gear train and in the head stock. WEEKLY Check the V-Belts tension on the motor pulley. Clean and lubricate jaws of chucks. Checked all the adjustment bolts of carriage, cross slide and compound slide

and adjust if required. MONTHLY Check grease in the bearing and grease cups and change if it has been

thicken and dried. ANNUALY Check the level of the machine. Check tightness of all the foundation nuts. Apply any rust preventive on the foundation nuts and bolts.

INTRODUCTION OF WORK ASSIGNED TO ME:

The work in the industry sight that is assigned to me is to calculate the dimensions of different parts of the lathe machine.

While doing this work I have observed the difference between the observed value and technically specifications of the lathe machine.

The detail of my work is shown below: 1 DESCRIPTION OF ITEM The machines that are assigned to me is ALL GEARED LATHE MACHINE 17” X

14” The model no of machine that is allotted to me is of LEADER 500 X 2300

EQUIPMENTS USED FOR INSPECTION:

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. STEEL TAPE: A steel tape is flexible ruler. It is a metal strip with linear measurement markings. It is a common measuring tool. Its design allows for measure of great length to be easily carried in pocket or toolkit and permits one to measure around curves or corners.

. VERNIER CALIPER:

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A vernier scale is a device that lets the user measure more precisely than could be done unaided when reading a uniformly divided straight or circular measurement scale. It is a scale that indicates where the measurement lies in between two of the marks on the main scale.

TEMPERATURE DURING INSPECTION:We have to consider the temperature range during the inspection time.The temperature which I measured during inspection is ranging from 370-410. STANDARD USED:The standard that are used according to the technical specifications.

WORK DONE BY ME:When comparing the size and working capacities of metal lathes there are several key dimensions to be considered.

SWING OVER BED:

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Swing over bed means the largest Diameter that can be mounted without striking the bed. This is not necessarily mean the largest diameter that can be machined. The instrument used to measure swing over bed is STEEL TAPE

SWING OVER CARRIAGE:The diameter of the largest work piece that can rotate over the carriage without hitting it or the maximum diameter of work piece that can be rotated over the lathe saddle..3 DISTANCE BETWEEN CENTERS:This is the distance between a center in the headstock to a center in the tailstock.The longest pieces of work that be held between a center in the headstock and a center in tailstock.8.4 HEIGHT OF CENTER:It is the distance measured from the center of tailstock to the lathe bed and it is measured by using steel tape

SPINDLE BORE:

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it is the hole that we are making inside our lathe chuck so that our job can be hold correctly. It is measured by using vernier calliper.

MAXIMUM QUILL TRAVEL:

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It the total distance that is travelled by the quill when coming out from the tailstock and it is measured by using steel tape.

BED WIDTH:

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It is the total width of bed and it is measured by using steel tape.BED LEGTH:It is total length of the bed and it is calculated by using steel tape.

4-JAW CHUCK DIAMETER

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It is the diameter of the chuck that we are using inside our lathe machine.It is measured by using vernier caliper3-JAW CHUCK DIAMETERIt is the diameter of lathe chuck that we are using inside our lathe machine.It is measured by using vernier caliper.

:SAMPLE REPORTS DONE BY MES NO. Capacity Instrument Used Technical Specifications Observed Value

1. Swing over bed Steel Tape 700 mm 701mm

2. Swing over carriage Steel Tape 500 mm 500 mm

3. Distance between centers Steel Tape 2300 mm 2300 mm

4. Height of center Steel Tape 350 mm 352 mm

5. Spindle bore Vernier Caliper 80 mm 80.2 mm

6. Tailstock quill diameter Vernier Caliper 85 mm 85 mm

7. Max quill travel Steel Tape 250 mm 250 mm

8. Bed width Steel Tape 425 mm 427 mm

9. Bed length Steel Tape 3600 mm 3600 mm

10. 4-jaw chuck diameter Vernier Caliper 400 mm 451 mm

11. 3-jaw chuck diameter Vernier Caliper 200 mm 202 mm

REPORT: 2S NO. Capacity Instrument Used Technical Specifications Observed Value1. Swing over bed Steel Tape 700 mm 702mm 2. Swing over carriage Steel Tape 500 mm 501 mm3. Distance between centers Steel Tape 2300 mm 2302 mm4. Height of center Steel Tape 350 mm 350 mm 5. Spindle bore Vernier Caliper 80 mm 80.1 mm6. Tailstock quill diameter Vernier Caliper 85 mm 84 mm7. Max quill travel Steel Tape 250 mm 252 mm8. Bed width Steel Tape 425 mm 426 mm9. Bed length Steel Tape 3600 mm 3600 mm10. 4-jaw chuck diameter Vernier Caliper 400 mm 451 mm11. 3-jaw chuck diameter Vernier Caliper 200 mm 202 mm

CONCLUSION

In this six weeks training I gained a lot of practical knowledge and basic man management skills. I came to know how the casting process occurs, drawings and methods of installation. I got technical knowledge about cast iron, silicon, manganese and pig iron. This six weeks training also gave me a lot of practical knowledge about specifications and method of handling a project, which will be very useful for me in future. I also came to know about the installation, operating and method of casting used at site, and how actually the progress of work takes place at site. I learned how the different inspection reports done after the assembling of lathe machine. Before this training I had lots of doubt about how lathe machine is prepared but now everything is clear to me. I came to know about the safety measures that everyone have to adopt on the site while construction. This experience at site will always help me in my career

BIBLIOGRAPHY

I am very thankful to everyone who supported me for which I have completed my report effectively and moreover on time. I would like to express my immense gratitude to all the sectional heads for their constant support and motivation that has encouraged me to come up with this. They have been very kind and patient while suggesting me the outlines of this training and correcting my doubts. I thank them for their overall support. They gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful report on this topic which also helped me in doing a lot of research and I came to know about new things about the different type of equipment. Any attempt at any level can’t be satisfactory completed without the support and guidance of them.I articulate my sincere gratitude to our project guide Mr. Amit Joor who has spent his valuable time and guided us throughout the training process in spite of his busy schedule, in shaping our project.It was a great experience to have the Vocational Training in batala. It enriched our knowledge with much valuable experience, which will help me in the future for making a desired career.I also would like to thank my HOD sir and my mentor SIR as well

THANK YOU