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7/31/2019 Final Product Ppt
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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
• GROUP MEMBERS:
– TANYA SAHAY
– PRIYA ALAG
– SUMESH NAIR
– JINAL DOSHI
– MAHESH RAMANATHAN
– TUSHAR ATREY
7/31/2019 Final Product Ppt
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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Main factors behind rising concern
about SD are: Global population boom
Environmental impact of Social,
Economic & Industrial activities
Atmosphere accumulated alarmingly highlevel of harmful chemical like CO2, CFC’s
& pesticides Presence of chemicals in natural resources( tree, soil, water bodies) led to – Biotoxinsand Organchlorines reaching human body.
Depletion of irrecoverable natural
resources and increasing pollution levelare price paid for Industrial & Economic
development
Instances when companies profiteering byblatantly misusing natural resources,environmental protectionists protest
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HISTORY
In 1972: Concept behind SD 1st mentioned in book “ The Limits to growth” by Denis
Meadows.
Term formally coined by United Nation‟s Conference on Human Environment in
Sweden.
Since then SD has been discussed in global forums like UNCED & also in civicmeetings of small cities.
IISD in association with Deloitte and Touche provided definition of SD to corporate
context :-
“ For the business enterprise, SD means adopting business strategies
and activities that meet the needs of enterprise and its stakeholders today,
while protecting, sustaining & enhancing the human & natural
resources that will be needed in future.”
During 1972 and late 1980s-One of the 1
st
serious effort towards SD in corporatesector; undertaken by petroleum companies in US.
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In 1987: WCED gave most widely used definition of SD :-
“ SD seeks to meet the needs & aspiration of present without compromising the ability to meet those of future .”
WCED identified 8 key issues to ensure that development was sustainable
– Population & human resources; Energy, Food security, Urban challenge,
Species & ecosystem, Industry & conflict, Managing the commons and Environmental degradation
Three areas to be focused : -
Alcoa focused on all three; emerged as global level SD champion.
Economy –
Tackle problem of poverty& underdevelopment
Social -
Enhancing literacy,eliminating poverty, hunger& drought, providing forgood health care &education
Environment –
Reducing wastage,Hazardous gas emission &chemical discharges
HISTORY
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ALCOA - background
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Charles Martin Hall;
discovered high volume, lowcost smelting process – producing Aluminum
PITTSBURG REDUCTIONCOMPANY.
Hall in association withArthur Vining Davis- 1st timeproduction of aluminum for
commercial use
They managed to reduce theprice of aluminum to 78cents/pound which is $
4.96/pound in 1888
Company established Bauxitemines in Arkansas; 3 Al
smelters in NY & Canada; Alrefinery in Illnosis
Attracted manufacturers- due toversatility of Aluminum and low costavailability.
Adopted name ALCOA (Aluminum Company of
America )
More then 2000commercialized used of
aluminum and cost reduced to20 cents/pound
Onset of World War II - IncreasedAl demand, benefited Alcoa,
production doubled, set up newmanufacturing plants
Company focused on internalgrowth, world wide partnership,
acquisition in Europe & US
Alcoa emerged as World’s largest
Al company; producing – primaryAl, Fabricated Al & Alumina;active in Al industry -mining,
refining, smelting, fabricating etc,
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ALCOA BUSINESS SYSTEM (ABS)Comprehensive global expansion exercise – 1990s
-Led an four fold increase of ALCOA
-Employee base doubled
Shortcomings in Global SD Initiatives
-Unstructured and un- coordinated
-Lack of ALCOA ethics and compliance program among its employees.
To overcome the shortcomings and initiate a smooth SD functioning across the
globe ALCOA
- Launch ‘Ethics & Compliance Program’
- ABS – (Taking SD to more strategic level)
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ALCOA BUSINESS SYSTEM (ABS)
ABS – was design to manage all the operational level activities carried out
at ALCOA worldwide.
A set of integrated tools and principle aiming to achieve 3 main objectives:
1) Make to use : Single- Piece Production .
2) Eliminate Waste : Expose and Solve problems of waste.
3) People Linchpin the system : „Make to inventory‟ to „Make to use‟
Result :
All these initiatives – ALCOA was honored with several environmental and
health safety awards . Also theonly company with a very effective and
innovative environmental strategy by HARC & NRCBSD.
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ALCOA‟S RECENT INITIATIVES
15 locations of ALCOA werecertified with ISO 14001
standard and in the same yearitself the company formulated a
2020 strategic framework.
In 1999 ALCOA conducted anindepth review of its
environmental managementsystems
ALCOA implemented a toolreferred as „Life Cycle Analysis‟.
ALCOA donated $583,000 tosupport worldwide
environmental,safety and healthprojects.
1999
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2000-01:
In 2001 ALCOA came
out with an innovativetechnique to recycle
and reduce thehazardous impacts of
bauxite residue.
ALCOA producedlead free wiring forautomobiles which
was not harmful to theenvironment.
Modern techniques
with the knowledge of the local inhibitantswere undertaken by
ALCOA as a part of itmine reclamation
initiative.
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2002:
In this year ALCOA discovered a breakthroughprocess in the field of aluminium metallurgy withrespect to automobiles.
ALCOA‟S Warrick power plant in INDIANA
successfully constructed a catalytic reductionsystem.
In 2002 ALCOA developed a web based EHSdeployment plan and scoreboard system.
Its Australian plant launched a comprehensiveenvironmental awareness and training programmerfor its employees and contractors.
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Sustainabily developing in the coming
future.
ALCOA took a giant leaptowards sustainability byannouncing that its newplant in Eastern Iceland
would eliminate health andsafety hazards.
In 2003 ALCOA completed itsprogram of planting 1 million
trees and set itself a new target of planting 10 million trees by 2020.
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Concept of Sustainable Development
• Concept of SD – 1st mentioned in the 1972 book ‘The Limits to Growth’
• Paul Hawken‟s book ‘The Ecology of Commerce’ defines SD as an Economic
State
• IISD defined SD which could be applied to the Corporate Context
• WCED had 3 Broad Objectives• Re-examine critical environmental & developmental issues
• Propose new forms of International Co-operation
• Raise Levels of Understanding & Commitment to Action
• WCED identified 8 Key issues:Population & HR, Energy, Food Security, Urban Challenge, Species &
Ecosystems, Managing the Commons, Industry & Conflict,
Environmental Degradation
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Concept of Sustainable Development
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Natural Resources & Importance in SD
• „Conserving Irreplaceable Resources‟ & „Environmental
Maintenance‟ an Integral part of SD
• People depend on Natural Resources for their Survival
•
Diversity of Natural Resource provides enormous Economic &Community benefits
• Managing Natural Resources base in sustainable & integrated
manner essential for SD
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Principles of Agenda 21
• Humankind is at the centre of SD
• As long as other countries‟ Environment is not disturbed,
countries free to use resources according to politics
•
Environmental Protection – Complementary part of Development Process
• Countries have common but different levels of Responsibility
in Environmental Protection
•
“the one who pollutes pays it” principle should be used tomake Environmental costs international
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Question
• Critically examine the various sustainable
development initiatives taken up by Alcoa over the
decade. What were the different areas that the
company addressed while executing these initiatives?discuss how the company benefited from its SD
focus.
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Sustainable Development
Social
• Health and Quality
of life
• Communityconsultative
committee
• Local and regional
community
developmentprograms
Economical
• Sustainable
consumption
•
Sustainableproduction
• Integration of
environmental
concerns in
decision making
Environmental
• Reduction of gas
emission
•
Biodiversity• Energy efficiency
• Pollution
• Conservation of
natural resources
• Waste management
• Development of
clean technology