INFLUENCES Use Site Technology The design for the Center for Sustainable Building Research (CSBR) must meet four goals. First, it must provide space to house research and education for Zero Energy Design (ZED). Second, the building will be a showcase of two different approaches to ZED and an opportunity to test these two strategies. Third, the building will bring out the poetics of these two strategies and the dialogue between them. Fourth, the design will be respectful and attempt to improve the conditions of the existing Rapson Hall, improve daylighting in the courtyard, and provide additional crit and lounge space. 63+ 56 50 44 37 31 25 18 12 <6 Hrs. 87+ 76 68 60 52 43 34 26 17 <8 Hrs. Windrose Charts Winter Summer Sun Path Studies December 21 9 am December 21 9 am December 21 9 am Degree Days 0 January February March April May June July August September October November December 900 900 East-West Orientation Kroon Hall Yale University New Haven, Connecticut Hopkins Architects Arup Passive House BioHaus Concordia University Bemidji, Minnesota Stephan Tanner Intep LLC Double Envelope Double Envelope House Lake Tahoe, California Lee Porter Butler Exposure to the cool winter breezes from the Northeast should be minimized. Passive cooling can be benefited from the southern summer breezes. Low temperatures throughout most of the year emphasize the need efficiently heat the building and minimize heat loss. Low sun angles affect solar access in the winter, making direct gain strategies inappropriate for specific areas (North side of the site). Context The site, located atop Rapson Hall, is a part of the greater community of the University of Minnesota - Twin Cities Campus. TEAM 5 | GARRETT DIMOND | GRIFFIN JAMESON | ERIC LINDNER| ALEC SANDS
Transcript
INFLUENCESUse
Site
Technology
The design for the Center for Sustainable Building Research (CSBR) must meet four goals.
First, it must provide space to house research and education for Zero Energy Design (ZED). Second, the building will be a showcase of two diff erent approaches to ZED and an opportunity to test these two strategies. Third, the building will bring out the poetics of these two strategies and the dialogue between them. Fourth, the design will be respectful and attempt to improve the conditions of the existing Rapson Hall, improve daylighting in the courtyard, and provide additional crit and lounge space.
Exposure to the cool winter breezes from the Northeast should be minimized. Passive cooling can be benefi ted from the southern summer breezes.
Low temperatures throughout most of the year emphasize the need effi ciently heat the building and minimize heat loss.
Low sun angles aff ect solar access in the winter, making direct gain strategies inappropriate for specifi c areas (North side of the site).
Context
The site, located atop Rapson Hall, is a part of the greater community of the University of Minnesota - Twin Cities Campus.
TEAM 5 | GARRETT DIMOND | GRIFFIN JAMESON | ERIC LINDNER| ALEC SANDS
CONCEPTS
Concept
Tectonics
Program
Circulation
ClassroomsAdmin.
LabsOutdoor Space
Extensive Green RoofR-70 Insulation
Northern-ExposureClerestory
Zinc Exterior CladdingR-50 Insulation
Public Boardwalk
Prairie Grass
Outdoor Demo Space
Diff used SkylightsTriple-Pane Low E
Double EnvelopeR-50 RoofR-30 Walls
Clear Pane/Louver System
Skin/Materials
CLASSROOMS MECH ADMIN
SITE/WATER LABDAYLIGHT LAB MATERIALS LAB
ENERGY/AIR LAB
DEMO LABRESEARCH OFFICES
LOBBY
OUTDOOR DEMOOUTDOOR PUBLIC
CONFERENCE ROOM
1. 2.
3.
2.
1.
3.
4.
4.
West Elevation1/16”= 1’-0”
Section A-A1/16”= 1’-0”
A
A
Plan1/16”= 1’-0”
N
LUMINOUS DESIGN
Daylighting Program
Poetics
Usable Daylight
<20 fc 20 - 200 fc >200 fc
Electric Light Strategies
100 %
0
50
December 21 Overcast Sky
June 21Clear Sky
100 fc
0 fc
50 fc
Workshop and classroom activities
Administrative activities
Simple orientation requiredC
D
E
Targ
et Il
lum
inan
ce L
evel
s
Actu
al Il
lum
inan
ce L
evel
s
Daylight Strategies
South Wing North Wing
The most utilized spaces within the CSBR Lab achieve a usable daylight illuminance without the assistance of electric lighting 75-100 percent of the time.
The South Wing utilizes skylights in conjunction with a ceiling layer that diff uses light into the labs. Direct light fi lters through the louvers into the corridor.
The North Wing takes advantage of northern light due to its poor direct solar access.
The South Wing contains ambient electric lighting in the labs. Task lighting suffi ciently illuminates the work surfaces, including pin-up boards in the corridor.
The North Wing has ambient light sources embedded in the ceiling plane, as well as task lighting for presentations in the corridor.
QUALITATIVE STUDYControl | Research Lab
WinterNoon
SpringNoon
SummerNoon
Parametric Studies
ResultsWinter Spring Summer
9 am
Noon
3 pm
<20 fc 20 - 200 fc >200 fc
100 %
0
50
Usable Daylight
South CorridorWinter Spring Summer
This study carefully examines the experiential qualities within the lab spaces in relation to material selection, daylight control, and overall character of space. The partition wall between the lab and the corridor was the independent variable.
The control study examines the space with no partition wall included in the space.
The Research Labs achieve a usable daylight illuminance, without the assistance of electric lighting, 60-100 percent of the time.
Conduction Sol-Air Direct Solar Ventilation Internal Inter-ZonalJan
14th 28thFeb
14th 28thMar
14th 28thApr
14th 28thMay
14th 28thJun
14th 28thJul
14th 28thAug
14th 28thSep
14th 28thOct
14th 28thNov
14th 28thDec
14th 28th
0.00.0
633.9
633.9
1267.9
1267.9
1901.8
1901.8
2535.7
2535.7
Btu/ft2
3169.7
%
82.4%
17.0%
83.4%
9.6%
Ove
rall
Gai
ns/L
osse
s
1st January - 31st DecemberGAINS BREAKDOWN - SouthCorr
Conduction Sol-Air Direct Solar Ventilation Internal Inter-ZonalJan
14th 28thFeb
14th 28thMar
14th 28thApr
14th 28thMay
14th 28thJun
14th 28thJul
14th 28thAug
14th 28thSep
14th 28thOct
14th 28thNov
14th 28thDec
14th 28th
0.00.0
633.9
633.9
1267.9
1267.9
1901.8
1901.8
2535.7
2535.7
Btu/ft2
3169.7
%
53.8%
46.0%
45.3%
40.5%
11.1%
Ove
rall
Gai
ns/L
osse
s
1st January - 31st DecemberGAINS BREAKDOWN - SouthCorr
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kDegHr
0.000.00
2.00
2.00
4.00
4.00
6.00
6.00
8.00
8.00
Too Hot Too Cool
DISCOMFORT DEGREE HOURS - SouthCorr Minneapolis St Paul IntL Arp, USA
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
kDegHr
0.000.00
2.00
2.00
4.00
4.00
6.00
6.00
8.00
8.00
Too Hot Too Cool
DISCOMFORT DEGREE HOURS - SouthCorr Minneapolis St Paul IntL Arp, USA
Max Heating: 291327.7 Btu/hr at 07:00 on 30th JanuaryMax Cooling: 248982.2 Btu/hr at 12:00 on 27th September
HEATING COOLING TOTAL MONTH (Btu) (Btu) (Btu) ------------ ---------- --------- ---------- Jan 103702496 0 103702496 Feb 68275736 0 68275736 Mar 51405284 0 51405284 Apr 33949696 3709468 37659160 May 10109031 5609732 15718763 Jun 3284701 9596344 12881045 Jul 116900 19293668 19410568 Aug 2023812 15938807 17962618 Sep 12403614 11902757 24306372 Oct 32528418 0 32528418 Nov 59523056 0 59523056 Dec 92815056 0 92815056 ------------ ---------- --------- ---------- TOTAL 470137760 66050780 536188544 ------------ ---------- --------- ---------- PER M² 2478538 348216 2826754 Floor Area: 2041.74 ft 2
BUILDING PERFORMANCEPassive/Active SystemsSummer Conditions
Conclusions
Winter Conditions
The South Wing utilizes direct solar gain in the corridor.
Both wings contain radiant fl oor heating, fueled by a solar thermal system.
South Wing North Wing
The South Wing contains operable windows that allow cross ventilation across the occupiable space.
The North Wing has vents in the overhangs that draw natural air into the raised fl oor and through the classrooms.
A forced air system is used when passive solutions are insuffi cient.
Code Base Baseline Optimized Design Final Design
Total Solar Thermal Output (kBtu) 0 0 0 -206,000PV production (kWh) 0 0 0 -902,039Total Ann. Equip. Load (kWh) 263,296 263,296 236,967 201,861Total Ann. Lighting Load (kWh) 200,931 200,931 118,662 73,267Total Ann. Cooling Load (kBtu) 262,864 149,888 153,510 153,510Total Ann. Heating Load (kBtu) 1,101,406 1,841,581 685,536 685,536
(1,500,000)
(1,000,000)
(500,000)
-
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
KBtu
Building Energy Use Project 2 Project 3 Code Base Baseline Optimized Design Final Design Load Type Case Case Case CaseTotal Ann. Heating Load (kBtu) 1,101,406 1,841,581 685,536 685,536 Total Ann. Cooling Load (kBtu) 262,864 149,888 153,510 153,510 Total Ann. Lighting Load (kWh) 58,924 58,924 34,798 21,486 Total Ann. Equip. Load (kWh) 77,213 77,213 69,492 59,197 TOTAL ENERGY USE (kBtu) 1,828,783 2,455,982 1,194,894 1,114,343 TOTAL EUI (kBtu/SF) 95.5 128.2 62.4 58.2 PV production (kWh) - - - 264,527Total Solar Thermal Output (kBtu) - - - 206,000Total Renewable Energy Production - - - 1,108,594 Net Energy Use (production) 1,828,783 2,455,982 1,194,894 5,749 Net Energy Use Intensity 95 128 62 0
Strategy DescriptionLobby/FoyerOpen Offi ce (50 FC)Private Offi ce (50 FC)Labs (70 FC)Demonstration/Assy.Studio/ClassroomConference RoomClassroomsCirculationOther
Base
line
Ana
lysi
s
Fina
l Ana
lysi
s
Renewable Energy
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecHeating Cooling
MONTHLY HEATING/COOLING LOADS - All Visible Thermal Zones Minneapolis St Paul IntL Arp, USABtu/hr
36000000
27000000
18000000
9000000
0
9000000
18000000
27000000
36000000
45000000Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Heating Cooling
MONTHLY HEATING/COOLING LOADS - All Visible Thermal Zones Minneapolis St Paul IntL Arp, USABtu/hr
36000000
27000000
18000000
9000000
0
9000000
18000000
27000000
36000000
45000000
Energy Use Intensity:
128.2 kBtu/ft2Energy Use Intensity:
0 kBtu/ft2
Baseline Final
The initial baseline design performed at 128.2 kBtu/ft2.
In order to improve the performance of the building, passive daylight and thermal strategies were integrated into the design.
Specifi cally, the design divided the program into two compact wings; the North Wing acting as a thermal barrier and the South Wing taking advantage of solar access.
These passive strategies, combined with active heating and cooling systems and supplemented with renewable energy, allowed Zero Energy Design to be achieved.
