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Contents
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….…. 1
Overview of Six Private Hospitals in Dhaka and Ethical Codes Committed by the Hospitals.....2
Ethical codes as per law…………………………………………………………………………19
Ethical codes committed by the hospitals……………………………………………………….25
Measuring the Deviation…………………………………………………………………………27
Recommendations………………………………………………………………………………..33
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………….35
References……………………………………………………………………………………….36
Appendix
Questionnaire
Articles
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Introduction
According to the stakeholder’s model, an organization has responsibility towards its
stakeholders. A business organization’s stakeholders include its customers, suppliers, employees,
Society, Government, and its competitors. Stakeholder theory is a theory of organizational
management and business ethics that addresses morals and values in managing an organization.
In the traditional view of the firm, the shareholder view, the shareholders or stockholders are the
owners of the company, and the firm has a binding fiduciary duty to put their needs first, to
increase value for them. However, stakeholder theory argues that there are other parties involved,
including governmental bodies, political groups, trade associations, trade unions, communities,
financiers, suppliers, employees, and customers. Sometimes even competitors are counted as
stakeholders - their status being derived from their capacity to affect the firm and its other
morally legitimate stakeholders. The nature of what is a stakeholder is highly contested with
hundreds of definitions existing in the academic literature. The objective of this paper was to
determine the commitment a business organization from one industry, which is hospital. The
industry chosen for this research paper is hospitals. We chose 6 different hospitals to compare
their service rules and conduct survey on. The hospitals are Square Hospitals Ltd, Japan
Bangladesh Friendship Hospitals Ltd, Labaid Hospital, Ibne Sina Hospitals Ltd, United Hospital
Ltd and Central Hospital Limited. We conducted survey on United Hospitals patients,
employees, suppliers, doctors & nurses nearby the hospital and in the end we formulated our
own policy after analyzing these results.
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Overview of Six Private Hospitals in Dhaka
United Hospital:
United Hospital Ltd. was born with a vision to provide a comprehensive, one-stop healthcare
solution for the people of Bangladesh. Opening its doors in August 2006 and situated besides the
picturesque Gulshan Lake, this hospital is one of the largest private sector healthcare facilities in
Bangladesh. With a capacity of 450 beds and established across a total covered area of over
400,000 sft, this hospital is committed towards catering the needs of our varied patient base.
With state of the art technology and expertise combined with the support of our friendly staff,
this hospital strive each day to be the top healthcare provider, not only in Bangladesh but within
the Asia-Pacific region.
The departments of Cardiology, Gynecology, Orthopedic and Pediatrics are staffed by the most
esteemed doctors in their respective fields. The cardiology department has conducted over 2300
open heart surgeries and over 8300 angiograms and angioplasty operations. That’s over 12 heart
related surgeries per day alone since its inception.
Services & Facilities:
ENT & Head-Neck Surgery
Dental Centre
Critical Care unit
Emergency Service
Cancer Care Centre
Endocrinology
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Executive Screening
Mother & Child Care Center
General Surgery
Neuro Center
Nephrology
Gastroenterology
Nuclear Medicine
Internal Medicine
Radiology and Imaging
Joint Replacement & Arthroscopic Center
Minimally invasive surgical procedure
United Cardiac Center
Physiotherapy
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Intensive Care Unit
Square Hospital:
Square Hospitals Limited, a concern of Square Group is a 320-bed tertiary care hospital. The
hospital is an affiliate partner of Methodist Healthcare, Memphis, Tennessee, USA, SingHealth,
Singapore, Bangkok Hospital Medical Centre, Thailand and Christian Medical College, Vellore,
India.
A lot of physicians have joined from CMC-Vellore, India. Bangladeshi Physicians with
impeccable reputation are also part of the medical team. Huge emphasis has been made on
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quality nursing services, as we have trained over a hundred nurses for over a year. We have
nurse educators from Australia, UK, India and the Philippines. Nurses and technicians have
already received training from CMC-Vellore which continues to be an on- going process.
Square Hospital is located in the heart of Dhaka and aims to serve greater portion of the capital
city. At present it comprises of two buildings on either side of Panthapath connected by an over-
bridge. The main hospital building is 18 stories and is approximately 450,000 sq.ft. The second
building (ASTRAS) is located across the street and is 16 stories with 136,000 sq.ft. The second
building is expected to be operational by 2011. Both facilities are constructed in accordance with
US Fire and Building safety standards
The outpatient department of this hospital can serve up to 1200 patients daily, through 60
examination rooms. To ensure optimum healthcare-hospitality, the patients are closely monitored
in their waiting times in outpatient clinics, emergency and admissions.
Services & Facilities:
OPD services
Inpatient Facilities
Coronary Care Unit (CCU)
Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Ancillary Services
Pathology
Radiology and Imaging
Diagnostic Facilities
Ambulance Services
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Medical Specialties:
Ardiology Plastic Surgery Ophthalmology
Pulmonary MedicineEmergency Medicine &
Trauma Surgery
Dental & Maxillofacial
Surgery
Gastroenterology Hepato Biliary Surgery Colorectal Surgery
Pediatrics & Neonatology Surgical Oncology Urology
Neurology Infectious Disease Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hepatology Geriatric medicineOtolaryngology (Ear/ Nose/
Throat)
NephrologyDiagnostic & interventional
Radiology
General & Cardiac
Anesthesiology
Endocrinology Clinical PathologyMinimal Invasive Surgery
(MIS)
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Clinical Hematology Medical Oncology Neurosurgery
Dermatology General Surgery Orthopedic & joint Surgery
RheumatologyCardiovascular & Thoracic
SurgeryInternal Medicine
Physical & Rehabilitation
MedicineNeonatal & Pediatric Surgery -
Ibn Sina Hospital
The Ibn Sina Hospital was established in July 1983, Keeping in Pace with continuous
development of medical technologies, Ibn Sina hospital has been rendering its services in the
field of Medicine (Internal, Neuro, Nephro, Gastro-liver, Cardiac, Onco, Endocrine etc.),
Surgery, Gynae, Neuro surgery, Spine Surgery, Knee Surgery, colorectal Surgery, Orthopedics
Surgery, urology etc. It provides tertiary level of medical care in those fields. Besides it has
opened a new horizon in Laparoscopic Abdominal and colorectal Surgery. With affordable cost
it gives services to the ever increasing number of kidney patients through its dialysis unit
equipped with most modern equipment and backed by a dedicated medical team.
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IBN SINA Hospital has a good reputation of its ICU unit for rendering round the clock intensive
care services with the help of most modern and sophisticated equipment’s supported by a very
dedicated, skilled, and efficient team of doctors, nurses and other staffs. Ibn Sina Hospital has 8
well equipped operation theater where C-Arm, Operating Microscope available to make
operation more effective.
Ibn Sina diagnostic and imaging center is one of the largest diagnostic centers in Bangladesh. It
was known as Ibn Sina Diagnostic Laboratory since 2006. It was set up on May 1st, 1981 and
situated on House No # 48, Road No. # 9/a, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1209.
It is equipped with the latest and technologically advanced appliances. A number of leading
specialized consultants attend here regularly, and it is renowned countrywide for its unparalleled
round-the-clock service and utmost dedication. It has fully computerized Hormone and
Immunology analyzers, Biochemistry and Hematology auto-analyzer, Serology auto analyzer,
Coagulation analyzer, Histo pathology, Cytology, Micro biology, Video endoscope, Digital
E.E.G, Blood culture (Fan Method), Electrophoresis of Hb & protein. Digital X-ray, OPG,
Mammography, 4D USG, Broncoscopy, Colposcopy, Echo, Color Doppler, ETT, ECG, Holter
Monitor,128 slice CT Scan, 1.5T & 18 channel double unit MRI 1st time in Bangladesh.
In addition Ibn Sina Provide general Health Checkup, Executive Health Check Up, Cardiac
health Checkup, Diabetic Health Check Up service. A complete Diabetic Centre Serving
Diabetic patient’s continuously.
Services & Facilities:
Emergency
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Momota/Gynae/Obs
ICU
NICU
Blood Bank
Dialysis
Surgery
General Surgery
Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery
Head & Neck Surgery
Hepatobilliary Surgery
o Upper GI Surgery
o Neuro Surgery
o Spine Surgery
o Knee replacement and Arthoscopic surgery
o Urology
o Paediatric Surgery
o Colorectal surgery
o Orthopaedic surgery
o Plastic and cosmetic surgery
o Barriartic surgery
o Dermato sugery
Cardiac Service
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Oncology Unit
Pharmacy/Medicine
Pathology
Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital:
Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute was started to fill the gap in cardiac care in
Bangladesh. The objective was to provide International Standard Cardiac Care in the country at
affordable cost. This has been set up with significant Government support and complements the
Government’s objective of making expensive health care affordable to under privileged people
of Bangladesh.
At the initial stage it was conceived as an extension of the Cardiac Outdoor facility of BIRDEM
Hospital but thereafter it was agreed that the project will best achieve its objectives as a stand-
alone specialized cardiac hospital supported by the multidisciplinary hospital of BIRDEM for
treatment of cardiac patients concurrently suffering from other medical conditions. This
organization started in 2001 as “DAB Cardiac Center”. At that stage it was managed by a joint
venture Swedish Company (Swed-Bangla).
In 6th June 2003 it renamed as “Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research institute” and came under
current Management. This has been set up with significant Government Support. Ibrahim
Cardiac has achieved very impressive growth in patients flow both for diagnosis and treatment of
heart conditions.
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Services & Facility:
24/7 modern Cardiac Emergency.
24/7 Cardiac Ambulance service.
General & Dead body carrying Ambulance.
Clinical Services
o Out Patient Department (OPD).
OPD Services by Consultants
OPD Clinic (Pace maker, Arrhythmia, rehabilitation, Hypertension, Anti
Coagulation Clinic)
Paediatric cardiology
o Indoor Cardiac Treatment by dedicated Physician, Nurses and Technicians.
o Coronary Care Unit (CCU.
o Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
o Step Down (SD, CCU and ICU).
24/7 most modern Diagnostic Laboratory (Capable to provide almost all reports within 30
minutes).
Blood Bank.
Non-Invasive Laboratory: ECG, ETT, ECHO, 24 hour Holter ECG and Ambulatory
Blood Pressure monitoring, Carotid & Color Doppler.
Transesophageal ECHO (TEE)
02 Cathlab capable of doing Coronary Angiogram (CAG), Angioplasty (PTCA/ PCI),
Temporary Pacemaker (TPM), Permanent Pacemaker (PPM), Electro Phsiological (EP),
Optical Coherence Temography (OCT), etc.
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02 world class Operation Theater (OT) where Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG),
ASD, VSD, MVR, AVR and other heart surgeries are done by highly qualified surgeons.
Volumetric CT (VCT) with the facilities of doing all types of VCT scan.
Nutrition service.
Patient Counseling.
Online Patient Service
Labaid Hospital
Labaid Hospital is introduced itself as an international standard super-specialty hospital of the
country, dedicated exclusively to the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases have
been built on a six storied building at, Dhanmondi - a commercial cum residential hub of Dhaka
City, covering a floor space of more than 100000 sq. feet.
Equipped with most modern and state-of-the-art equipment and machineries, the Labaid Hospital
makes a solemn commitment to the patients of the country - a commitment to maintain mastery
and marvel in acre, to be compassionate and respectful to patients' beliefs and values and to
make sound decision in the interest of the patients.
A band of highly skilled, dedicated and experienced surgeons, anaesthesiologists, perfusionists,
nurses and technicians garnered from both home and abroad work synergistically and
collaboratively under close supervision of renowned specialists of international repute not only
provide 24-hour services to the patients but also remain standby to deal with any emergency
conditions. Its approach is comprehensive, physician-led and cost-effective.
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The fundamental strength of Labaid Hospital is its two teams - one of cardiologists and other
surgery. The teams are composed of highly skilled, experienced and eminent cardiologists,
surgeons and anaesthesiologists. Besides, a band of qualified and experienced nurses, technicians
and other support personnel garnered from home and abroad are providing constant care to the
patients. There exists an unprecedented amount of amity, understanding and cooperation among
the members of the teams which are sine-qua-non for successful treatment outcome of ailments.
Services & Facilities:
Emergency Services
Diagnostic Services
Medicine
o General Medicine &
o Internal Medicine
o Diabetology & Endocrinology
o Hematology
o Pulmonology/Respiratory Medicine
Neuro Science
Anesthesia
Surgery
o Surgery
o General Surgery
o Laparoscopic & Colorectal Surgery
Gynecology & Obstetrics
Bone & Joint
Oncology
Therapeutics
Allied Health
o Nutrition and Dietics
o Vaccination
o Pharmacy
o Nursing
o Blood Bank
o Corporate Service
o & Health Check-up
Pain Management
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o Burn,Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery
Japan Bangladesh Friendship Hospital:
Japan Bangladesh Friendship Hospital is currently one of Dhaka’s leading hospitals with its 100-
bed premise located in Central Dhanmondi at 55 Satmosjid Road, Jigatola, Dhaka, 16 years ago,
this hospital was initially founded by Bangladeshi young doctors pioneer laparoscopic surgeon
Dr. Sarder A. Nayeem and Pioneer pain specialist DR Jonaid Shafiq in Gulshan who wanted to
establish this hospital in partnership with their Japanese doctor-friends. Japan Bangladesh
Friendship Hospital was first inaugurated in 1993. From then onwards, Japan Bangladesh
Friendship Hospital never had to turn back. It always moved forward towards the path of success
and progress.
Japan Bangladesh Friendship Hospital regularly conducts events where free health care services
are provided, and actively initiates health promotional campaigns. It has worked extensively in
the past in observing National Immunization Day, providing Free Healthcare services to farmers,
observing Diabetes Day, and providing regular information on health through its program
‘Shuprovat Dhakabashi’ ( Good morning Dhaka dwellers). Shuprovat Dhakabashi is a campaign
during which the experienced doctors of Japan Bangladesh Friendship Hospital provide free
medical check-ups to general public on the street for one hour at a stretch starting from the
sunrise every day.
Services & Facilities:
ESMR
Endoscopic and Laparoscopic Surgery Center
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Multidisciplinary Pain Management Center
Cardiac and ECP Center
Women and Mother Care Center
Kidney Diseases and Urology Center
ENT and Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Center
Sleep Medicine Center
Oncology and Terminal Care Center
Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery Center
Colorectal Surgery Center
Diagnostic Services
NICU
Corporate Medical Services Center
EMRT (Emergency Medical Response Team)
24 Hours Diagnostic Service
24 Hours Pharmacy
24 Hours Ambulance Service
Central Hospital:
Central Hospital Limited started its journey aiming at comprehensive Medicare Services through
its humble efforts complimenting the policy priority of the Government.
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The Central Hospital made rooms for highly skilled professionals with their variable experiences
and specialization in respective areas. The company was incorporated in 1991. Bangladesh
Shilpa bank, amongst other, has made an investment of sizeable amount as long term loan in this
venture.
The complex is located at a point where Dhanmondi Road # 5 meets the Green Road. This has
got all the prospects of an ideal Health Centre. Having foundation structure for 12 storied
building on their own land, the complex has been built up to 6-Storey at the moment. Each floor
covering approximately 10,500 square feet offers a hygienic and spacious area. Whole complex
has been well furnished with imported medical Equipment, Instruments & Medical grade beds.
The striking feature of the complex is its corporate set-up with a unique conglomeration of
professional skills supported by sound financial standings
The inpatient facilities includes 210 beds, 6-bed Intensive Care Unit (ICU) 6-bed Intensive Care
Unit (ICU), 15-bed Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Operating Theatre with 5 operating
rooms, specialized hospital beds with all state-of-the-art medical outfits.
The outpatient department of the hospital can serve 1200 patients per day through 70
examination rooms. To ensure optimum healthcare-hospitality, the patients are closely monitored
in their waiting times in outpatient clinics, emergency and admissions.
ICU contains highly technical and sophisticated monitoring devices and equipment, and the
staffs in this unit are educated to give critical care as needed by the patients. The ICU is designed
in a way where the nurses and physicians are situated in a central position with rooms around
them. Patient vitals can be monitored with a central monitor. End to fifteen percent of all
newborn babies require care in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, and giving birth to a sick or
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premature baby can be quite unexpected for any parent. Neonatal ICU of Central Hospital
Limited is a modern fully equipped facility providing intensive care for these infants.
Services & Facilities:
Inpatient Facilities
ICU, NICU
Outpatient Facilities
Accidents, Emergency & EMS
Corporate Medical Services Center
Pharmacy Services
Diagnostics Services
Death Care, Death Certificate & Mortuary
Medical Specialties:
o Pediatrics Department
o Neonatal ICU Department
o Neonatology Department
o Medicine Department
o Gastroenterology Department
o Hematology Department
o Cardiology Department
o Adult ICU Department
o HDU Department
o Nephrology Department
o Dialysis Department
o Neurology Department
o Endocrinology Department
o Diabetology Department
o General Surgery Department
o Laparoscopic Surgery
Department
o Oncology Department
o Gynecology Department
o E.N.T Department
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o Eye Department
o Orthopedic Department
o Physical Medicine &
Physiotherapy Department
o Urology Department
o Nutrition Department
o Speech Therapy
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Comparative Cost of Services between the Private Hospitals:
Cost of Services* (BDT) United HospitalCentral
Hospital
Square
Hospital
Ibn Sina
Hospital
Lab aid
Hospital
Japan BD
Friendship
Hospital
Major operations,
such as,
Cholecystectomy,
partial gastrectomy,
caesarian section,
etc.
Operation room
charge5000 3000 4500 2500 4000 3000
Anesthesia charge
1st hour with cost
of drugs and gas.
7500 4500 6000 3500 5000 3500
Operating Charge 55000 35000 45000 12500 35000 25000
Intermediate
operations,
such as,
appendisectomy,
Suprepublic
Cystotomy, etc.
Operation room
charge4000 2500 3500 1500 2800 2500
Anesthesia charge
1st hour with cost
of drugs and gas.
6000 4500 5500 2000 4000 3000
Operating Charge 35000 28000 32000 7500 28000 25000
Minor operations,
such as,
hydrocele,
Fistulectomy,
hernia, D & G,
biopa, closed
reduction of
fractures, etc.
Operation room
charge4000 2500 3500 1500 3200 2500
Anesthesia charge
1st hour with cost
of drugs and gas.
4500 2500 3500 1000 3000 2000
Operating Charge 16000 8500 12000 3500 11000 9500
Normal Delivery
Delivery charge
including labour
room charge.
45000 28000 38500 24500 30000 28500
Standard Bed
Charge7500 2500 6500 1400 5800 2500
Consultation
fee/Outdoor600 500 600 400 400 400
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ICU 9500 3500 7500 3200 7200 3200
Diagnostic Services
Electrocardiogram 800 600 750 500 650 600
Radiology
(Regular X-Ray)750 550 700 500 650 550
Haemoglobin 800 550 700 450 650 650
Total count (RBC
& WRC) 1050 700 950 650 800 650
* Average cost is considered. It may vary based on case by case.
Ethical Code as per laws
An Ordinance to regulate medical practice and functioning of private clinics and
laboratories.
WHEREAS it is expedient to regulate medical practice and functioning of private clinics and
laboratories;
The maximum charges and fees that may be demanded in a private clinic or private laboratory
for surgical operations, conduction of labor, electrocardiogram, pathological or radiological
examinations and other medical examinations or services, as the case may be, shall be such as
are specified in Schedule ‘A':
Every registered medical practitioner carrying on private medical practice and every private
clinic and private laboratory shall prominently display in the chamber, clinic or laboratory, as the
case may be, a list of charges and fees that may be 1[ demanded by him or it.]
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Ethical codes committed by the hospital:
Lab Aid Specialized Hospital
We make every effort to ensure highest level of integrity in doing business. We treat
honesty, truth and fairness as the building block of our entrepreneurship.
We continuously strive to achieve highest possible standard in every activities and in the
quality of products and services we provide. We believe attaining excellence is an endless
journey and our journey for excellence will never be ended.
We foster an environment that built on openness, transparency, mutual respect,
individual’s integrity. We treat people how we want to be treated. We care all individuals
whom we touch or to be touched: customers, employees, partners, suppliers and
communities.
Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute
Provide total health care including rehabilitation for all diabetics of gender, economic and
social status through different institutions of Diabetic Association of Bangladesh.
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Create specialized quality manpower (Physicians, Technicians, Nurses & Other related
personal) of high ethical standard.
Supporting the development of an integrated response to out-of-hospital emergencies by
promoting training in cardiac life support for general public, together with developing
Cardiac Ambulance service.
Providing support and rehabilitation facilities for heart patients and their families.
Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital is committed to satisfy people by providing Preventive,
Curative, and Rehabilitative services in cardiac diseases at affordable cost.
It is our object to maintain and continually improve quality of Services, Activities,
Processes, Procedures, Practices, and Human Resources.
United Hospital Ltd.
Operating at the highest standards of safe and ethical practices and demonstrating
continuous improvement.
Selecting the most appropriate services to produce the desired health outcomes.
Providing clear pathways by ensuring collaboration, consultation. Effective
communication with health service providers.
Promoting health and providing care based on a commitment to well-being of the
patients.
Caring for the health of our staff and developing a culture of trust, and training for
personal growth.
Square Hospitals Ltd.
Adhering to high ethical and moral standards at all times.
Making service quality top priority in all we do.
Training staff to work within a quality care environment.
Providing quality health care service in all processes.
Delivering customer satisfaction through quality services.
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Central Hospital Ltd.
Ensure modern consultation and dependable investigation.
Ensure proper assessment and administer accountable treatment coupled with
laudable and exemplary care and services.
Ensure sustainability of the Health services.
Provide required environment support.
Provide services at a reasonable price.
Samorita Hospital Limited
To help our patients with utmost care and respect, in an ethical way.
To be known as a caregiver by acts.
To be known for treating patients in an ethical and reasonable way.
To be known for good behaviors with humane touch.
To be respectful, trustworthy, experts and serving.
Measuring the Deviation
The Bangladesh health policy was published in 2011 and adheres to the following principles:
Health is defined as “A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity.”
1. Every citizen has the basic right to adequate health care. The State and the government
are constitutionally obliged to ensure health care for its citizens.
2. To ensure an effective health care system that responds to the need of a healthy nation,
health policy provides the vision and mission for development.
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3. Pursuit of such policy will fulfill the demands of the people of the country, while health
service providers will be encouraged and inspired. People's physical well-being and free
thought process have proved to be a precondition for the growth and intellectual
enrichment in today's human society
4. Bangladesh expressed agreement on the following declarations:
The Alma Ata Declaration (1978)
The World Summit for Children (1990)
International Conference on Population and Development (1994)
Beijing Women's Conference (1995)
National Health Policy (NHP)
The Health Policy has 15 goals and objectives, 10 policy principles and 32 strategies.
Objectives
1. To make necessary basic medical utilities reach people of all strata as per Section 15(A)
of the Bangladesh Constitution, and develop the health and nutrition status of the people
as per Section 18(A) of the Bangladesh Constitution.
1. To develop a system to ensure easy and sustained availability of health services for the
people, especially communities in both rural and urban areas
2. Third to ensure optimum quality, acceptance and availability of primary health care, and
governmental medical services at the Upazila and Union levels.
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3. To reduce the intensity of malnutrition, especially among children and mothers; and
implement effective and integrated programs for improving nutrition status of all
segments of the population.
4. To undertake programs for reducing the rates of child and maternal mortality within the
next 5 years and reduce these rates to acceptable levels;
5. To adopt satisfactory measures for ensuring improved maternal and child health at the
union level and install facilities for safe and clean child delivery in each village:
6. To improve overall reproductive health resources and services;
7. To ensure the presence of full-time doctors, nurses and other officers/staff, provide and
maintain necessary equipment and supplies at each of the Upazila Health Complexes and
Union Health and Family Welfare Centers:
8. To devise ways for the people to make optimum usage of the opportunities in government
hospitals and health service system, and to ensure quality management and cleanliness of
service delivery at the hospitals;
9. To formulate specific policies for medical colleges and private clinics, and to introduce
appropriate laws and regulations for the control and management of such institutions
including maintenance of service quality;
10. To strengthen and expedite the family planning program with the objective of attaining
the target of Replacement Level of Fertility;
11. To explore ways to make the family planning program more acceptable, easily available
and effective among the extremely poor and low-income communities.
12. To arrange special health services for mentally retarded, the physically disabled and for
elderly populations;
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13. To determine ways to make family planning and health management more accountable
and cost-effective by equipping it with more skilled manpower.
1. To create awareness among and enable every citizen of Bangladesh irrespective of cast,
creed, religion, income and gender, and especially children and women, in any
geographical region of the country, through media publicity, to obtain health, nutrition
and reproductive health services on the basis of social justice and equality through
ensuring everyone’s constitutional rights.
2. To make essential primary health care services reach every citizen in all geographical
regions within Bangladesh.
3. To ensure equal distribution and optimum usage of available resources to solve urgent
health-related problems with focus on the disadvantaged, the poor and unemployed
persons;
4. To involve the people in planning, management, local fund raising, spending, monitoring
and review of the procedure of health services delivery etc. with the aim of decentralizing
the health management and establishing people’s rights and responsibilities in the system;
5. To facilitate and assist in collaborative efforts between the government and the non-
government agencies to ensure effective provision of health services to all;
6. To ensure the availability of birth control supplies through integration, expansion and
strengthening of family planning activities;
7. To carry out appropriate administrative restructuring and decentralization of service
delivery procedure and the supply system, and to adopt strategies for priority-based HRD
aimed at overall improvement and quality-enhancement of health service, and to create
access of all citizens to such services;
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8. To encourage adoption and application of effective and efficient technology, operational
development and research activities to ensure further strengthening and usage of health,
nutrition and reproductive health services;
9. To provide legal support with regard to the rights, opportunities, responsibilities,
obligations and restrictions of the service providers, service receivers and other citizens,
in connection with matters related to health service; and
10. To establish self-reliance and self-sufficiency in the health sector by implementing the
primary health care and the essential services package, to fulfill the aspirations of the
people for their overall sound health and access to reproductive health care.
Weak relation between costs that is associated for the service and its ethical
approach in formulation of price schedules
Policies practicing in United hospital much more same to be standards set by the government,
but when it comes to act as a nonprofit organization they are much more far away from it. First
of all they charge almost40-50% high price of any kind of test compare to the policy set by the
government. They don’t have any discounted section for the poor people as well. It’s same for
all. So hence it clearly shows that they are very much up for profit making rather than providing
nonprofit service. For example for a Minor operation in public medical hospital it will cost not
more than 2500BDT at max but if we go to United Hospital it will be more than 4000Bdt. Then
we have found out that in public hospitals the operation room charge is 3000BDT usually but in
United Hospital it is 5000BDT(For Major operations, such as, Cholecystectomy, partial
gastrectomy, caesarian section, etc.). In case of Intermediate operations, such as, appendectomy,
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Suprapubic Cystotomy, etc. operation room charge is 4000BDT whereas the charges in public
hospitals it is 2500BDT.
Then they do not have any significant CSR activities to promote a healthy society. Apart from
the national health events which is obvious for every other private hospitals to participate in.
Then they are not also contributing in doing any medical research, which would have been
beneficial for the society. As they are charging a good amount of money hence showing that they
have a good amount of capital which can be used to invest in doing medical research.
Gap Between promises made and actual providence
In our survey we have found out huge gap between promised service and actually provided
service or the service that is anticipated by the consumers. After paying such high rate prices yet
the consumers seem to be unhappy with the behavior of the doctors and attendants. The
consumers had better expectations regarding their service than the ones they are getting right
now. Though they are happy with the environment of the hospital.
A huge complain people have is regarding the unjustified prices they are charging. Which are
much more the same and less costly in any other hospitals. Though the doctors are qualified
enough but yet the claim is that they are not justified to charge this much higher price that they
are charging now.
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Recommendation
After the gap analysis between the actual and the promise, we have given our findings on
deviation that impacts the overall quality of service and the sufferings the patients face in the
private hospitals. According to the findings, we are now place our recommendation to rectify the
issues and to reduce the gap from the promised level of quality of the services they provide
Two sets of findings we got from gap analysis, which are:
1. Cost of treatment in United Hospital is higher than any other private hospitals and it’s
unethical and unjustified compared to their service
2. High cost does not have any impact in providing better services and high cost have impact in
providing better service and cost of treatment in United Hospital is higher than any other private
hospitals and its ethical and justified compared to their service.
And 3 Sets of deviations and impact:
1. Every citizen has the basic right to adequate health care. The State and the government are
constitutionally obliged to ensure health care for its citizens.
2. To ensure an effective health care system that responds to the need of a healthy nation, health
policy provides the vision and mission for development.
3. Pursuit of such policy will fulfill the demands of the people of the country, while health
service providers will be encouraged and inspired. People's physical well-being and free thought
process have proved to be a precondition for the growth and intellectual enrichment in today's
human society
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Our Recommendation for them is to Lower their cost of treatments and try to improve their
service quality in long run.
1. Strive to deliver service on the schedule of your patient, not just a schedule that happens to be
convenient for your institution. Examples: Avoid unnecessarily long waits for lab results to be
distributed; this practice is disrespectful and even cruel.
2. A more effective and powerful goal is to create an organization-wide halo effect that raises
your scores as well as your actual rate of referral — not just the hypothetical “willingness to
recommend.
3. Great customer service means systems as well as smiles.
4. Not-for-profit hospitals and institutions in healthcare can benefit by recognizing and
embracing their inherent organizational advantage over for-profit institutions, as follows: It is
easier for the employees to identify with the aims of an organization that doesn’t have profit at
the center. If you’re not for profit, be aware of this advantage and make the most of it.
5. This just in: Bullying and disrespect lead to turnover. According to a recent study, working in
an environment characterized by bullying increases turnover intentions of nurses, and employees
report high turnover intentions whether directly bullied or simply in a work unit with bullying.
6. Every single employee needs to know how to handle customer complaints and concerns.
7. Much of what’s wrong in patient satisfaction and customer service is related to poor use of
language, and to nonverbal “language” cues
8. A blame-free environment leads to improved transparency, improved systems, and, ultimately,
to better results.
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9. Cost of treatment should be reduce follow by their own pricing research methodology.
10. Has to make their service better. And try to be a good competitor with other qualitative
hospitals.
Conclusion:
The justification of the project from an ethical point of view was missing from the majority of
the statements. It is noteworthy that even after the requirement for an ethical consideration
became mandatory, for health sector of this country. A more effective and powerful goal is to
create an organization-wide halo effect that raises your scores as well as your actual rate of
referral — not just the hypothetical “willingness to recommend. Cost of treatment should be
reduce follow by their own pricing research methodology. Hospitals have to make their service
better and try to be a good competitor with other qualitative hospitals
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References:
Maswood, M. (2014, August 30). Doctors charge fees at whims in absence of law. New Age.
Retrieved December 29, 2014, from http://newagebd.net/43124/doctors-charge-fees-at-whims-
in-absence-of-law/
Medical Practice and Private Clinics and Laboratories (Regulation) Ordinance, 1982 (Ord. No.
IV of 1982). (n.d.). Retrieved December 29, 2014, from
http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/pdf_part.php?id=620&vol=22
Hossain, J. (n.d.). Health Systems in Bangladesh: It’s Challenges and Opportunities Page no 1 Health
System in Bangladesh: It’s Challenges and Opportunities. Retrieved December 27, 2014, from
https://www.academia.edu/4416325/Health_Systems_in_Bangladesh_It_s_Challenges_and_Opportuni
ties_Page_no_1_Health_System_in_Bangladesh_It_s_Challenges_and_Opportunities
